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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 1970 Volume.22 No.2

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 1970 Volume.22 No.2 ISOLATION and IDENTIFICATION of DRUGS in pharmaceuticals body fluids and post-mortem material A practical manual and data book for forensic scientists, toxicologists, analytical chemists, pharmacists, biochemists, pathologists and police surgeons Edited by E. G. C. CLARKE m . a „ P h . D „ d . s c .. f . r . i . c . Professor of Chemical Toxicology in the University of London at the Royal Veterinary College Part I: Isolation and Identification Techniques: Screening tests for common drugs; extraction methods in toxicology; paper chromatography; thin-layer chromatography; gas chromatography; ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry; infra-red absorption spectrophotometry; colour tests; micro crystal tests; metabolism of drugs. Part II: Individual monographs on over 1000 drugs: (a) Nomenclature, formulae, physical data, related salts; (b) analytical data and specific tests; (c) data on metabolism and toxicology; (d) references and abstracts. Part III: Analytical data tabulated: Data from the monographs in Part II tabulated in sequential order as an aid to identification. Infra-red spectra: A unique collection of nearly 450 infra-red spectra for drugs and similar substances with major peaks clearly labelled. Many of the spectra have been specially prepared for this book. EXTRACTS FROM REVIEWS A real working manual containing a prodigious —Journal of the Association of Official Analytical amount of collected data . a book planned to Chemists (U.S.A.) do a job and will prove of inestimable value to One of the most useful books on analytical the user.—The Analyst. methods and data that has been produced in the A monumental work of great value.—British last decade.—Australasian Journal of Pharmacy. Medical Bulletin. Will become an essential reference book for all Such an inclusive volume should be within easy ■those who are concerned with the extracticn and reach of every practising analytical drug chcmis identification of drags.—Manufacturing Chemist. 896 pages (22ix 15 cm). Price £14 post free. Detailed prospectus or. request THE PHARMACEUTICAL PRESS 17 Bloomsbury Square, London, W.C.1 Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Published by T h e P harmaceutical So c iet y o f G reat B r ita in 17 Bloomsbury Square, London, W.C.l. Telephone: 01-405 8967 Volume 22 Number 2 February 1970 E d ito r: George Brownlee, D.Sc., Ph.D., F.P.S. Assistant Editor: J. R. Fowler, B.Pharm., F.P.S. Editorial Board: H. S. Bean, W. C. Bowman, M. R. W. Brown, J. E. Carless, F. Fish, G. E. Foster, F. Hartley, E. F. Hersant, D. Jack, C. A. Johnson, K. A. Lees, D. W. Mathieson, M. W. Parkes, M. J. Rand, J. M. Rowson, E. Shotton, M. J. H. Smith, R. T. Williams. S ecretary: D. F. Lewis. Notice to Contributors Tables (for each copy of the text) should be T h e J ournal o f P harm acy and P harm a­ typed on separate sheets, their headings should cology reviews and reports original research describe their content and they should be in those sciences which contribute to the understandable without reference to the text. development and evaluation of medicinal They should not be ruled. substances, covering in ter alia biochemistry, Illustrations. Should be kept to the mini­ chemistry, microbiology, pharmaceutics, mum number necessary to the proper under­ pharmacognosy and pharmacology. Short standing of the subject matter. Two of each papers of immediate interest are published as are required, one prepared as described below ‘Letters to the Editor.’ the other a photo copy suitable for submission Original research papers or review articles are to a referee. Line illustrations such as graphs accepted on the understanding that they are or apparatus diagrams should be clearly and subject to editorial revision and that their boldly drawn in Indian ink on tracing cloth or content has not been published in whole or in paper, white paper, faintly blue-lined graph part elsewhere. paper or Bristol board. The initial dimensions should be chosen to allow for a reduction to at Text. Authors should consult a c u rr en t least one-half and not more than one-quarter issue of the Journal and conform to the typo­ of the original size. (Most illustrations in the graphical conventions, use of headings, lay-out Journal are 2-4 inches, in width.) Kymograph of tables, and citation of references. Texts records and photographs should be selected to must be typewritten in double spacing on sheets allow for reduction to a similar extent. Letter­ not larger than 9 X 13 inches (22 X 32 cm) ing and numbering should be inserted lightly with a minimum margin of 1J inch (3 cm). The and clearly in pencil. Curves based on experi­ top copy and one carbon copy should be sent. mental data should carry clear and bold The name(s) of the contributor(s), the name indications of the experimentally determined and address of the laboratory where the work points, which should be marked by using, was done and a shortened title (not more than preferably, circles, crosses, triangles or squares. a total of 50 letters and spaces) should accom­ Legends for illustrations should be typed on pany the typescript. The presentation adopted separate sheets of paper and appended to the should be that best suited to the clear exposi­ typescript of the paper or to the individual tion of the subject matter. A summary should figures. The author’s name, the title of the be included, giving results and conclusions in paper and the number of the figure should be the form of an abstract suitable for use as such written lightly in pencil on the back of each by abstracting journals. illustration. The approximate position of each References. References should be arranged illustration should be marked in the text. to the h a rvard system. In the text the surname of the author(s) and the date of Reprints. 50 reprints are supplied free of charge to the author. A further 10 reprints publication are given thus: Lewis & Train are supplied free to each co-author. Addi­ (1965) described .... or ... has been de­ tional reprints may be purchased. scribed (Lewis & Train, 1965). The list of references is in alphabetical order of first authors and each reference is arranged as Copyright follows: L e w is , C. J. & T r a in , D. (1965). J. Pharm. Pharmac., 17, 33-41. The title of © 1970 by the Journal of Pharmacy and publication is underlined and abbreviated as in Pharmacology. All rights of reproduction are World List of Scientific Periodicals (4th edn, reserved in all countries in respect of all 1963-1965 and supplements) and is followed articles, papers, illustrations, etc. by the volume number and first and last page Annual subscription (including postage) £9, numbers. References to books should be as (U.S.A. $25). Single copies £1, (U.S.A. $3). follows: G oo d m a n , L. S. & G il m a n , A. (1965). The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Claims for missing copies cannot be considered 3rd edn, p. 464, London : Collier-Macmillan. unless received within 3 months of publication. wrtttm muWw-w«*- -4.atl.Z5I3 IV The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology February, 1970 ...from the "original supplier" STANDARD METHODS MEDIA All Difco Standard Methods Media conform to published specifications for the examination of water, sewage, dairy products and foods. The world’s m ost Inclusive line - all your standard methods media available from one source, Difco Laboratories. According to specifications and standards of - U S P United States Pharmacopoeia XVII 1965 A P H A Standard Methods for Examination of Dairy Products XI11965 Standard Methods for Examination of Water and W aste-water XII 1965 A O A C Association of Official Agricultural Chemists X 1965 B & T are the sole concessionaire for DIFCO products. A complete line of DIFCO microbiological reagents and media. Baird and Tatlock, Postal Address: P.O. Box 1, Romford, R M 1 1 H A . Situated at: Freshwater Road, Chadwell Heath, Essex. 7e/:01 -5907700 (25 lines). Telex:24225 Bairhop. Cables: Burette Romford, TAS.DO.F J. Pharm. Pharmac., 1970, 22, 73-80 Received August 29, 1969 Potentiometric determination of sodium using a sodium ion responsive glass electrode J. T. PEARSON1 AND CATHERINE M. ELSTOB2 1 School o f Pharmacy, Sunderland Polytechnic, Sunderland, County Durham and 2 Pharmaceutical Department, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. A study to assess the feasibility of using a sodium ion responsive glass electrode in conjunction with a saturated calomel reference electrode to measure the sodium ion concentration of a wide range of electro­ lyte solutions used in clinical medicine has shown that the method is capable of giving results which are within acceptable limits. Direct measurement of solutions containing sodium chloride is possible by reference to a calibration based on the potential produced by the electrode pair as a function of pNa+ defined as — log10 sodium ion concentration. For the measurement of the sodium content of solutions of sodium salts of weak acids and mixed solutions of electrolytes and dextrose it is necessary to use a calibration carried out in a buffer system (0-5m triethanolamine + hydrochloric acid to pH 7) and to dilute the preparations with buffer before measure­ ment. It is also necessary to buffer dextrose and sodium chloride injection before measurement due to the effect of decomposition of dextrose during sterilization causing a shift in pH which must be corrected before making a determination. The advantages of the potentiometric method over conventional flame photometric and titrimetric methods are discussed and a brief review of the literature given, to indicate the applications of specific ion electrodes. The early studies of Eisenman, Rudin & Casby (1957) using glass membranes highly selective to sodium ions have resulted in these electrodes being commercially available.
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