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Pre-Incursion Plan PIP001 Birds Pre-Incursion Plan PIP001 Birds Scope This plan is in place to guide prevention and eradication activities and the management of non-indigenous populations of Birds (Families: Anseriformes, Galliformes, Psittaciformes, Phoenicopteriformes, Struthioniformes, Passeriformes and Columbiformes) in the wild in Victoria. Version Document Status Date Author Reviewed By 1.0 First Draft 26/07/11 Dana Price M. Corry, S. Wisniewski and A. Woolnough 1.1 Second Draft 21/10/11 Dana Price S. Wisniewski 2.0 Final Draft 16/01/12 Dana Price 2.1 Final 27/06/2012 Dana Price M. Corry and S. Wisniewski 3.0 Revised Draft 08/07/2015 Ryan Melville 3.1 Revised Draft 15/07/2015 Ryan Melville A. Kay and M. Ward 3.2 Revised Draft 02/03/2016 Dana Price J. Goldsworthy 4.0 New Final 09/05/2016 Ryan Melville D. Price Published by the Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, Agriculture Victoria, March 2016 © The State of Victoria 2016. This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Authorised by the Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 1 Spring Street, Melbourne 3000. Front cover: Barbary Dove Photo: DEDJTR HRIA team ISBN 978-1-925532-35-7 (pdf/online) Disclaimer This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. For more information about Agriculture Victoria go to www.agriculture.vic.gov.au or phone the Customer Service Centre on 136 186. Pre-Incursion Plan PIP001 Birds 2 Pre-incursion Plan PIP001 Birds Order: Aves Families: Anseriformes, Galliformes, Psittaciformes, Phoenicopteriformes, Struthioniformes, Passeriformes and Columbiformes Pre-Incursion Plan PIP001 Birds 3 Contents Pre-incursion Plan PIP001 Birds ............................................................................................................. 3 Table 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5 Table 2: Declaration Status in Victoria .................................................................................................... 5 Table 3: Delimitation survey options........................................................................................................ 6 Table 4: Species specific delimitation options ......................................................................................... 6 Table 5: Detection, control, monitoring and breeding calendar ............................................................... 7 Table 6: Transport of live specimens.................................................................................................... 7-8 Table 7: Brief description of eradication and containment options ..................................................... 8-10 Table 8: Species specific eradication and containment options ............................................................ 11 Table 9: Brief description of disease, parasite and infection risks ........................................................ 11 Table 10: Control specific WHS considerations .................................................................................... 12 Table 11: Animal related WHS considerations ...................................................................................... 13 Table 12: Identification requirements - take photo/video and e-mail to: ................................................ 13 Table 13: Euthanasia options ................................................................................................................ 13 Table 14: Sampling/Autopsy requirements ........................................................................................... 14 Table 15: Disposal options .................................................................................................................... 14 Table 16: Legislation, regulations and required permits........................................................................ 14 Table 17: General species and technical experts ................................................................................. 15 Table 18: List of Acronyms .................................................................................................................... 16 Table 19: Glossary ................................................................................................................................. 16 Table 20: COP & SOP ........................................................................................................................... 17 Appendices ............................................................................................................................................ 18 1. Anseriformes Family ..................................................................................................................... 18-20 2. Galliformes Order .............................................................................................................................. 21 3. Psittaciformes Order .......................................................................................................................... 23 4. Passeriformes Order.......................................................................................................................... 26 5. Columbiformes Order ........................................................................................................................ 32 6. Struthioniformes Order ...................................................................................................................... 34 7. Phoenicopteriformes Order ............................................................................................................... 35 Excursus ................................................................................................................................................ 36 References ....................................................................................................................................... 37-42 Photograpic References ...................................................................................................................... 413 Accessibility If you would like to receive this information/publication in an accessible format (such as large print or audio) please call the Customer Service Centre on 136 186, TTY 1800 122 969, or email [email protected]. Pre-Incursion Plan PIP001 Birds 4 Table 1: Introduction Two pathways contribute to the vast majority of introductions of invasive bird species to Australia - intentional introduction via the pet trade (64% of global bird introductions) and intentional release of birds as game animals (33%). The species listed in this pre-plan are most commonly represented in the pet trade pathway (having escaped or been released from captivity) and include members of the Psittacidae (cockatoos and parrots), Fringillidae (canary and finch), Emberizidae (bunting), Estildidae (munia and sparrow), Pyconotidae (bulbuls), Struthionidae (ostriches) and Columbidae (doves). Members from each of these groups are widely kept in throughout Victoria and represent a risk of being released/escape or have been declared under the Catchment and Land Protection (CaLP) Act 1994. Worldwide, releases of invasive birds to be hunted as game species is generally confined to species from the Odontophoridae (quail), Phasianidae (turkey, grouse, pheasants and partridges) and Anatidae (ducks, geese and swan) families (Lever, 2005). Many of these species are also widely kept throughout Victoria. General factors that may increase the success of a newly introduced population of birds establishing in the wild include propagule size, being a habitat generalist, ability to produce a large clutch size, nest site selection and small body size. The potential consequences of establishment of many of these species are wide ranging and may include the introduction of new diseases and parasites, competition with native species for food and nesting resources, damage to infrastructure (deposition of excrement, damage to overhead wires and blocking gutters with nesting materials) and damage to agriculture through destruction of crops and orchards. Generally speaking, the non-cryptic natures of most bird species (bright plumage, vocal in nature and non-sedentary) enable them to be easily detected and identified. Bird watching is also an increasingly popular pastime in Australia– another factor leading to a high likelihood that, during the early stage of establishment in the wild, new populations are readily identified and can then be successfully eradicated. Table 2: Declaration Status in Victoria There have been at least 20 species of birds that have successfully established of the 54 species that have been known to been introduced into Australia (Bomford 2008). There are currently 19 species of birds declared pest animals under the CaLP Act 1994 within Victoria. See species specific table for details. The Exotic Bird Keeping Scheme and CITES lists should be checked before any invasive bird species, other than those listed in this document, are destroyed. Pre-Incursion Plan PIP001 Birds 5 Table
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