Morris, Max

From: Morris, Max Sent: Monday, October 5, 2020 7:08 PM To: Morris, Max Subject: 10/05/2020 Coronavirus Daily Update

These updates are being shared to multiple organizations, individuals and lists who/which are bcc’d. Best effort we are sending Daily updates during the business week, typically in the late afternoon or early evening, a Weekend Recap on Monday mornings, and any significant breaking news events provided anytime and on weekends. Please note some numbers included in the Statistics and news stories come from various sources and so can vary as they are constantly changing and not reported at the same time. All communications are TLP GREEN and can be shared freely.

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Live the message, share the message: Be safe – Stay home and limit travel as much as possible, self-quarantine if you or any members of your family are or may be sick, if you go out wear your mask – the right way, ensure safe social distancing, and practice good hygiene – wash your hands, avoid touching your face, and sanitize used items and surfaces.

Hello All and a good Monday evening! It’s the start of a new week. Hope it has been a good day for Everyone. Following is the Daily Update with Highlights, the “Good Stuff”, Expanded Stories, statistics, trends and items of interest related to the novel coronavirus pandemic. With the increased coverage around President Trump’s diagnosis, news around the US and global outbreaks has slowed for now. We have combined several of the sections today as a result of a smaller number of news stories being reported. A little humor for tonight that does have a good message comes from Brigid Delaney on who said: In an unsettling reversal of my teenage years, I am now yelling at my parents for going out. We have to admit this is pretty funny. And very true. I will share with you that one of my Son’s favorite phrases from early on in the pandemic, always said in a loud and very emphatic – but caring - voice, was Just stay home! He wasn’t yelling at us but just making a point when we watched the news. Now we all know he is a very smart guy. Not only for his technical skills in providing us with insight into trending and data but also because he is an old soul. He gets it. So, while we all do still need to go out to hit the grocery stores, get take-out, take a walk and other (hopefully only essential) trips, let’s not make anybody have to tell us to not go out unless we have to. So to help us out, I put on my thinking cap one night this weekend and came up with a really great quote for you that sums it up - for me anyway: Do what you’re supposed to do so you can do what you want to do. That means wear the mask. Practice social distancing. Be smart. Be safe. I know I’m preaching to the choir but let’s continue to protect not only ourselves but each other. Because we are all in this together. And together we will come out at the end of it by watching out for everyone. And if you don’t, well I may just have to ask my Son to send you his “gentle” reminder .

CVOB Website US State, US County, Global Trending Charts and Data as well as our Communications Archive can be found at https://www.sunknighty.net/.

Highlights  President has checked out of Walter Reed National Military Medical Center this evening and returned to the White House after a three-night stay for treatment of his Covid-19 infection, but his team of doctors cautioned earlier today that he may “not entirely be out of the woods yet.” [See President Diagnosis section following for additional stories]  The and its territories now have over 2,911,000 people who have recovered, more than 7.447,000 confirmed infections and 210,000 deaths, with Texas, California, Tennessee, North Carolina, Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan, Florida, Oklahoma and Utah reporting the top 10 most new daily infections.

1  At least 24,565,000 people have now recovered worldwide, with more than 35,333,000 infections and 1,039,000 deaths reported in more than 188 countries and regions, with India, the United Kingdom, France, the US, Spain, Russia, Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Peru recording the top 10 highest number of new cases in the last 24 hours.  An ABC News analysis of trends across all 50 US states as well as Washington, D.C. and Puerto Rico Monday found there were increases in newly confirmed cases over the past two weeks in 33 states plus Puerto Rico, and the seven- day average of new cases now the highest it has been since August 22, a concerning national trend as health experts warn that colder temperatures could only exacerbate the spread of the virus.  An analysis by ABC News found increases in the daily positivity rate of tests in 25 states, increases in hospitalizations in 35 states plus Washington, D.C., and increases in daily death tolls in 18 states today.  Several states in the once hard-hit Northeast were among those posting their largest new-case counts in months, but many of the sharpest increases per capita came in the Midwest and Mountain West, including Wisconsin, Iowa, Utah and the Dakotas.  The daily US death toll is expected to steadily climb through the end of this year, reaching more than 2,900 US deaths a day by December 27, according to projections released Monday by the University of Washington's Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.  The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention updated its website and acknowledged Monday that the coronavirus can sometimes be spread through small particles that can linger in the air, infecting people beyond six- feet from the infectious person, particularly in enclosed spaces with inadequate ventilation.  Dr. Michael Ryan, head of emergencies at the World Health Organization, said today the body’s “best estimates” suggest roughly 1 in 10 people worldwide may have been infected by Covid-19, more than 20 times the number of confirmed cases.  Canada has reported 1,861 new daily cases on average over the past seven days, compared with 456 cases during the first week of September, and the province of Quebec, which shut down restaurant dining rooms and other indoor venues last week, has seen a 46% rise in hospitalizations since September 28.  The European Commission said Monday that 179 staff members had tested positive for Covid-19 since the start of the pandemic, while its leader continued to isolate after being exposed to the virus during an official visit to Portugal last week.  Nearly a third of hospitalized Covid-19 patients experienced some type of altered mental function - ranging from confusion to delirium to unresponsiveness - in the largest study to date of neurological symptoms among coronavirus patients in an American hospital system from the Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology.  The nation’s top infectious disease expert Dr. Anthony Fauci has worked on a number of outbreaks, including HIV/AIDS, Ebola and Zika virus, and even though every outbreak has been intense, he said Monday there has been “nothing to the intensity that we're experiencing now” and that what’s different this time is “a very divisive society.”  The US does not need to accept the persistent spread of the coronavirus, Dr. Scott Gottlieb, the former FDA chief said Monday, pointing to the public health strategies implemented in places such as China, Thailand, Vietnam and South Korea, and emphasizing the need to wear face masks and prioritize important developments such as reopening schools for in-person classes.  House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin are pushing to strike a deal on an elusive fifth coronavirus stimulus package, with the pair speaking on the phone for about an hour today but did not reach an agreement, and plan to talk again as they try to resolve differences over issues including unemployment insurance, state and local government aid, tax credits and liability protections for businesses and schools.  The Dow gained 465 points Monday, rallying on hopes for a stimulus agreement by the election and amid news that President Donald Trump will be discharged from the hospital within hours, while the S&P rose 1.8%, and the Nasdaq gained 2.3%.

The Good Stuff: Much of America may still be closed but it seems the fridge door is open in self-isolation. Social media is filled with grousing about how pandemic lockdowns have turned the old college "Freshman 15" trope into "Quarantine 15" angst about weight gain. Thus, memes are popping, tweets are dropping, and "Quarantine 15" groups are multiplying on Facebook. On Instagram, already a competitive arena for posting perfection, people try to outdo each other in documenting their "stress baking." On Twitter, they brag about their bread making, posting pictures of their creations. "freshly baked I’ve been baking so much focaccia during quarantine I think I may look like a loaf of bread soon," tweeted a user calling herself honey bee. Tweeters joke about "stress eating," too. "I’ve learned 2 something under quarantine: stress eating of sugar and exercising at the level of this makes you gain weight!!," said Ellen Seiter, a University of Southern California cinema professor, who resurrected an antique GIF to create a modern meme. Others beg for a return to a pre-pandemic normal. "I avoided the freshman 15 but think I’m comin up on the quarantine 15 ..... gyms PLEASE OPEN," tweeted mckenzie.

Extended Stories  Patients leaving hospitals: President Trump’s declaration that he will leave Walter Reed National Military Medical Center — and his impromptu ride in a motorcade - has stunned health professionals. But even if he were not the president, his doctors would have to take extraordinary measures to keep him in the hospital against his will. Under ordinary circumstances, a patient who wanted to leave the hospital against the recommendation of his or her doctor might be asked to sign a discharge form acknowledging that he or she was declining further treatment. At times, psychiatrists are called in to determine if the patient is capable of making such a decision. In the medical lexicon, this is called leaving “A.M.A.” - against medical advice. Roughly 2% of all patients do so, for varying reasons, often because they need to juggle work and home obligations. If the patient leaving against medical advice had a contagious disease, he or she would be asked to pledge to follow public health guidelines to keep those around him or her safe. “Having an infectious illness itself is not a reason to keep someone in the hospital,” said Dr. Leana Wen, a former commissioner of health for the city of Baltimore. “But if there is a suspicion that a patient will knowingly and purposefully endanger others, there would need to be a discussion had about keeping that patient in the hospital against his will.”  Drivers are driving less: Driving has taken a back seat since the onslaught of the coronavirus pandemic, as people have largely stayed home or taken shorter trips out of necessity, federal transportation data shows. Now, analysts are forecasting a permanent decline in mileage for Americans as consumer habits shaped by stay-at-home orders and remote life continue to evolve. Since February, driving in the US declined to historically low levels, according to a KPMG study based on data from the Federal Highway Administration. Vehicle miles dropped 64% in April, and in July, the most recent month for which the administration has released data, the measure of vehicle miles traveled was still down 13%. KPMG noted that the data tracking vehicle miles traveled still was low, with more Americans working from home and attending virtual school, and with local and state stay-at-home orders and the closures of restaurants and businesses. Travelers also avoided public transportation and flying because of safety concerns related to the spread of the coronavirus. KPMG predicts that vehicle miles traveled will continue to stagnate in the coming years, as some companies adopt more permanent remote work policies and e-commerce expands. The accounting and consulting firm forecasts that vehicle miles traveled will be reduced by 9.2 percent in the future, or 270 billion fewer miles traveled per year, compared with pre-2020 levels. A drop in driving could also reduce car and replacement parts sales, which have already declined during the past seven months. But on the other hand, rising e-commerce could translate to more demand for delivery vehicles - and hiring of drivers.  Budget cuts impacting infrastructure repairs: The months of Americans traveling less because of the pandemic - by road, rail or air - have left states and localities that rely on gasoline taxes, fare revenue and user fees to fund their budgets facing billions in shortfalls. That means more rutted roads will go unrepaired, outdated airport terminals will wait longer for renovation, and transit riders will wait longer for buses and trains because of service cuts as transportation officials revise their spending plans to deal with the unexpected red ink. Experts say it will probably take years for such activities as air travel to return to normal. Meanwhile, governments will still have to figure out how to shore up aging infrastructure, alleviate traffic congestion, support mass transit and accommodate the flying public.

Outbreak Statistics Numbers from John Hopkins CSSE Tracking are pulled daily at 5:00PM and changes reflect the past 24 hours Global Numbers Date Cases Deaths Recovered

5 Oct Mon 35,333,085 (+321,763) 1,039,000 (+4,135) - 2.94% 24,565,066 (+200,504)

4 Oct Sun 35,011,322 (+274,230) 1,034,865 (+4,478) - 2.96% 24,364,562 (+251,421) 3 Oct Sat 34,737,092 (+288,401) 1,030,387 (+5,072) - 2.97% 24,113,141 (+198,763) 2 Oct Fri 34,448,691 (+328,087) 1,025,315 (+8,789) - 2.98% 23,914,378 (+214,010)

3 1 Oct Thu 34,120,604 (+321,340) 1,016,526 (+6,145) - 2.98% 23,700,368 (+243,548) 30 Sept Wed 33,799,264 (+310,059) 1,010,381 (+6,103) - 2.99% 23,456,820 (+213,207)

29 Sept Tue 33,489,205 (+258,945) 1,004,278 (+4,909) - 3.0% 23,243,613 (+267,521) Top 15 Global Country Counts  Daily case change (total): India: +74,442 (6,623,815), United Kingdom: +35,564 (518,222), France: +34,516 (664,025), US: +34,452 (7,447,363), Spain: +23,480 (813,412), Russia: +10,757 (1,219,796), Brazil: +8,456 (4,915,289), Argentina: +7,668 (798,486), Colombia: +6,905 (855,052), Peru: +6,605 (828,169), Israel: +5,534 (272,309), Ukraine: +3,905 (236,329), Iran: +3,902 (475,674), Iraq: +3,808 (382,949), Mexico: +3,712 (761,665)  Daily death change (total): India: +903 (102,685), Brazil: +365 (146,352), US: +294 (210,043), Iran: +235 (27,192), Argentina: +223 (21,018), Mexico: +208 (79,088), Colombia: +156 (26,712), France: +145 (32,316), Spain: +139 (32,225), Peru: +133 (32,742), Russia: +115 (21,375), Indonesia: +102 (11,253), Ecuador: +84 (11,681), Iraq: +65 (9,464), Philippines: +64 (5,840) US Numbers Date Cases Deaths Recovered

5 Oct Mon 7,447,211 (+34,452) 210,040 (+294) - 2.82% 2,911,789 (+14,467) 4 Oct Sun 7,412,759 (+44,459) 209,746 (+562) - 2.83% 2,897,322 (+23,953)

3 Oct Sat 7,368,300 (+50,342) 209,184 (+702) - 2.84% 2,873,369 (+12,719) 2 Oct Fri 7,317,958 (+51,168) 208,482 (+935) - 2.85% 2,860,650 (+19,903) 1 Oct Thu 7,266,790 (+47,307) 207,547 (+885) - 2.86% 2,840,747 (+27,442)

30 Sept Wed 7,219,483 (+36,268) 206,662 (+782) - 2.86% 2,813,305 (+18,697)

29 Sept Tue 7,183,215 (+43,633) 205,880 (+916) - 2.87% 2,794,608 (+28,304) US State and Territory Counts  Cases by daily change (totals): Texas: +3,128 (791,208), California: +2,758 (834,071), Tennessee: +2,489 (203,699), North Carolina: +2,232 (219,728), Illinois: +1,853 (306,088), Wisconsin: +1,696 (134,359), Michigan: +1,455 (142,726), Florida: +1,415 (717,874), Oklahoma: +1,234 (91,982), Utah: +1,105 (78,723), Ohio: +1,057 (159,964), Minnesota: +984 (104,799), Pennsylvania: +975 (169,101), New York: +933 (465,515), Indiana: +830 (125,976), Connecticut: +823 (59,120), Georgia: +789 (323,714), Virginia: +680 (152,322), Kansas: +680 (61,405), Puerto Rico: +630 (51,305), Kentucky: +616 (72,617), South Carolina: +577 (152,159), Alabama: +544 (159,713), Colorado: +521 (73,054), Massachusetts: +515 (135,462), New Jersey: +511 (208,713), Maryland: +501 (127,791), Arkansas: +488 (87,013), Washington: +455 (89,874), Nebraska: +404 (47,807), Iowa: +383 (92,986), Rhode Island: +343 (25,419), Nevada: +337 (82,437), Arizona: +316 (221,070), North Dakota: +312 (23,862), West Virginia: +268 (16,749), Idaho: +262 (43,964), Oregon: +259 (34,770), Louisiana: +218 (168,512), Mississippi: +215 (100,703), Montana: +212 (14,847), Alaska: +208 (8,613), New Mexico: +181 (30,477), South Dakota: +180 (24,598), Delaware: +120 (21,363), Hawaii: +70 (12,804), New Hampshire: +48 (8,645), Vermont: +32 (1,817), District of Columbia: +28 (15,547), Maine: +25 (5,544), Northern Mariana Islands: +2 (75), Wyoming: +0 (6,504), Guam: +0 (2,617), Virgin Islands: +0 (1,327), American Samoa: +0 (0), Missouri: -2,445 (134,079)  Deaths by daily change (totals): Texas: +77 (16,397), Florida: +41 (14,712), Georgia: +30 (7,192), California: +28 (16,152), Tennessee: +20 (2,597), Massachusetts: +20 (9,530), Arkansas: +18 (1,425), Michigan: +15 (7,139), Illinois: +14 (9,054), Pennsylvania: +12 (8,207), New York: +9 (33,214), Louisiana: +9 (5,586), Puerto Rico: +9 (695), Colorado: +8 (2,068), Indiana: +7 (3,681), Ohio: +6 (4,931), Iowa: +6 (1,388), Wisconsin: +4 (1,381), Minnesota: +4 (2,136), Oklahoma: +4 (1,055), Utah: +4 (482), Kentucky: +4 (1,209), Connecticut: +4 (4,517), Nebraska: +4 (501), West Virginia: +4 (367), North Carolina: +3 (3,637), Virginia: +3 (3,273), South Carolina: +3 (3,456), Maryland: +3 (3,961), Rhode Island: +3 (1,121), North Dakota: +3 (277), Montana: +3 (190), Hawaii: +3 (156), New Jersey: +2 (16,138), Idaho: +2 (482), New Mexico: +2 (892), Arizona: +1 (5,707), Alabama: +1 (2,559), Oregon: +1 (572), New Hampshire: +1 (443), Mississippi: +0 (3,013), Washington: +0 (2,142), Nevada: +0 (1,623), Kansas: +0 (690), South Dakota: +0 (248), Delaware: +0 (645), District of Columbia: +0 (631), Alaska: +0 (58), Wyoming: +0 (53), Maine: +0 (142), Guam: +0 (49), Vermont: +0 (58), Virgin Islands: +0 (20), Northern Mariana Islands: +0 (2), American Samoa: +0 (0), Missouri: -101 (2,186)

4 University of Washington COVID-19 US Projections Model (temporarily removed due to data integrity reporting problems)

US Testing and Treatment Statistics Data from The COVID Tracking Project at the Atlantic, which uses a Creative Common CC-BY-NC-4.0 license type, typically posted by 7PM

% of Positive Negative Positive Pending Currently Currently in Currently on Date New Tests Results Results Total Results Tests Tests Hospitalized ICU Ventilators 5 Oct Mon 929,827 7,421,943 97,208,125 108,831,227 6.82% 11,544 30,099 6,209 1,512 4 Oct Sun 934,726 7,383,499 96,359,756 107,874,833 6.84% 11,471 29,942 5,944 1,488

3 Oct Sat 975,914 7,345,232 95,536,741 106,940,107 6.87% 11,464 30,108 5,997 1,504 2 Oct Fri 1,118,386 7,294,029 94,692,886 105,964,193 6.88% 10,813 30,697 6,106 1,533 1 Oct Thu 899,458 7,244,316 93,715,700 104,845,628 6.91% 13,003 30,742 6,173 1,547

30 Sept Wed 784,478 7,198,589 92,952,359 103,939,667 6.93% 9,431 30,876 6,145 1,507 29 Sept Tue 812,773 7,154,198 92,281,568 103,155,189 6.94% 7,695 30,391 6,106 1,495  Testing by daily change (currently): California: +141,394 (15,301,681), New York: +76,404 (11,297,024), Mississippi: +66,027 (805,358), Michigan: +54,553 (3,818,827), Connecticut: +50,311 (1,726,721), Tennessee: +44,276 (3,014,664), Illinois: +38,538 (5,927,695), Massachusetts: +36,549 (4,371,050), Texas: +33,792 (6,571,677), North Carolina: +32,948 (3,193,916), Ohio: +31,511 (3,388,186), Virginia: +26,113 (2,139,991), New Jersey: +23,964 (3,758,058), Minnesota: +23,375 (2,169,786), Kentucky: +19,254 (1,453,778), Maine: +17,341 (466,682), Colorado: +16,204 (1,430,540), Florida: +15,809 (5,412,683), Georgia: +14,139 (3,032,757), Washington: +12,943 (1,935,899), Montana: +12,562 (369,975), South Carolina: +11,020 (1,389,106), Kansas: +9,989 (541,106), Pennsylvania: +9,989 (2,105,159), Wisconsin: +8,591 (1,614,232), Maryland: +8,470 (1,668,317), Missouri: +7,923 (1,358,668), Louisiana: +7,350 (2,391,020), Indiana: +7,112 (1,425,175), Arkansas: +6,801 (1,079,144), Arizona: +6,742 (1,502,873), West Virginia: +6,452 (596,531), New Mexico: +6,433 (947,945), Utah: +5,286 (866,180), Alabama: +4,995 (1,167,513), North Dakota: +4,349 (642,669), Nebraska: +3,599 (476,952), Oregon: +3,576 (709,012), Nevada: +3,175 (716,564), Wyoming: +2,594 (106,162), Alaska: +2,556 (479,374), Iowa: +2,447 (788,014), Hawaii: +1,963 (306,112), Idaho: +1,797 (318,167), Delaware: +1,746 (295,835), District of Columbia: +1,743 (401,568), Rhode Island: +1,553 (820,305), Vermont: +986 (167,506), South Dakota: +668 (200,443), Oklahoma: +665 (1,249,056), Puerto Rico: +630 (357,277), Guam: +609 (52,365), Northern Mariana Islands: +11 (15,196), American Samoa: +0 (1,616), New Hampshire: +0 (465,878), Virgin Islands: +0 (21,239)  Hospitalization by daily change (currently; that report this data): Alabama: +279 (791), Kentucky: +195 (563), Oklahoma: +104 (655), Virginia: +93 (925), Indiana: +91 (1,019), Mississippi: +78 (554), Ohio: +73 (657), Florida: +67 (2,118), Wisconsin: +56 (782), Kansas: +53 (352), Minnesota: +53 (367), Maryland: +40 (338), Tennessee: +40 (975), Oregon: +39 (184), Utah: +39 (222), Arkansas: +36 (516), Georgia: +29 (1,822), South Carolina: +24 (593), New Jersey: +17 (507), Washington: +17 (260), North Dakota: +14 (112), New Mexico: +12 (91), Wyoming: +12 (36), Montana: +10 (201), South Dakota: +10 (241), Arizona: +9 (567), Nebraska: +9 (249), Colorado: +7 (303), Massachusetts: +6 (473), Hawaii: +4 (128), Idaho: +3 (152), Alaska: +0 (45), California: +0 (3,146), Connecticut: +0 (129), District of Columbia: +0 (95), Delaware: +0 (81), Guam: +0 (33), Iowa: +0 (389), Illinois: +0 (1,631), Louisiana: +0 (547), Maine: +0 (10), Michigan: +0 (678), North Carolina: +0 (971), New Hampshire: +0 (23), Nevada: +0 (441), New York: +0 (636), Pennsylvania: +0 (594), Puerto Rico: +0 (321), Rhode Island: +0 (92), Texas: +0 (3,318), Vermont: +0 (1), West Virginia: +0 (165)

Back-to-Normal Index The Moody’s Analytics and CNN Business US Back-to-Normal Index is comprised of 37 national and seven state-level indicators, ranges from 0% - representing no economic activity, to 100% - representing the economy returning to its pre- pandemic level in March, and is updated weekly (see FAQ following for methodology) As of Wednesday, September 30, the Index was 80.3% (80.7), with 21 (50) states showing improvement since the previous week

Previous 7 Day Trending 5 30-Sep 29-Sep 28-Sep 27-Sep 26-Sep 25-Sep 24-Sep

80.3% 80.4% 80.4% 80.4% 80.4% 80.4% 80.4%

Historical Trending 30-Sep 15-Sep 1-Sep 15-Aug 1-Aug 15-Jul 1-Jul 15-Jun 1-Jun 15-May 1-May 15-Apr 1-Apr 15-Mar 29-Feb

80.3% 78.6% 79.0% 78.0% 75.2% 74.8% 75.3% 73.4% 67.7% 65.0% 61.5% 59.6% 66.2% 92.3% 100.0% Daily Highlights:  There are worrisome signs that temporary layoffs are turning into permanent job losses, with one worker who was employed at a fabric company saying "It's been a devastating experience."  The world's second largest movie theater business, Cineworld Group, which owns Regal Cinemas, said it will suspend operations at all of its theaters in the US and United Kingdom beginning Thursday.  Along with other leisure activities like eating at restaurants and staying at hotels, moviegoing remains well below its pre-pandemic levels, as businesses and workers in these industries continue to struggle.

Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment Tracker data is consolidated from and US CDC, (#) is change from last update, see Reference detail in Compiled Information following Vaccine Tracker (last updated October 3) PRECLINICAL PHASE I PHASE II PHASE III EARLY/LIMITED APPROVED

~145+ 29 14 11 5 0

Vaccines approved Vaccine candidates Vaccines testing Vaccines in expanded Vaccines in large- Vaccines approved for early or limited being evaluated safety and dosage safety trials scale efficacy tests for full use use Phase 3: Moderna/National Institutes of Health (US), BioNTech/Pfizer/Fosun Pharma (German/US/China), AstraZeneca/University of Oxford (Britain/Sweden)), Bacillus Calmette-Guerin/Murdoch Children’s Research Institute (Australia), Johnson & Johnson (US), Novavax (US) Early/Limited Use: CanSinoBIO Biologics (China), Gamaleya Research Institute (Russia), Sinovac Biotech (China), Wuhan Institute of Biological Products (China), Sinopharm/Beijing Institute of Biological Products (China) Approved: None New additions and recent updates:  Thailand’s Chula Vaccine Research Center enters Phase 1 - Sept. 30  The German Center for Infection Research enters Phase 1 - Sept. 28  Inovio’s plans for a Phase 2/3 clinical trial on partial hold due to questions about vaccine delivery device - Sept. 28  Novavax moves to Phase 3 - Sept. 24  SpyBiotech begins Phase 1/2 trials - Sept. 24  Vaxart enters Phase 1. Sept. 24  A vaccine by Johnson & Johnson enters Phase 3 - Sept. 23  Two Phase 3 vaccines by Sinopharm were given emergency approval in the United Arab Emirates - Sept. 15  Vaccines by Covaxx and Germany’s University of Tübingen entered Phase 1 - Sept. 15  AstraZeneca resumes vaccine trials in Britain - Sept. 12  The University of Hong Kong enters Phase 1 - Sept. 9

Drug and Treatment Tracker (last updated October 4)

2 2 13 2 3 Tentative or mixed Pseudoscience or Widely used Promising evidence Not promising evidence fraud

Widely Used: Prone positioning, ventilators and other respiratory support devices

6 Promising: , Dexamethasone and other corticosteroids New additions and recent updates:  President Trump is taking the steroid dexamethasone. Oct. 4  President Trump is receiving a five-day course of remdesivir. Oct. 3  President Trump receives an experimental antibody cocktail - Oct. 2  Added vitamin and mineral supplements to other treatments - Sept. 29  Convalescent plasma was approved for emergency use - Aug. 24  Added oleandrin, a compound produced by a toxic plant - Aug. 21  Added ivermectin, a drug typically used against parasitic worms increasingly prescribed in Latin America - Aug. 10

1. Left undisturbed, the new coronavirus can survive up to nine hours on human skin, a new study from the Clinical Infectious Diseases reports, but is completely inactivated within 15seconds by hand sanitizer containing 80% alcohol.. 2. Sleep apnea, a common disorder, appears to put patients up to 5 times higher risk for critical illness and hospitalization, a new study finds. 3. Non-contact infrared thermometers, long used in children and now being used to screen for fever in public places, may not accurately measure body temperature in adults, a small study suggests. 4. The average face mask may be uncomfortable but does not limit the flow of oxygen to the lungs, even in people with severe lung diseases, researchers say. 5. President Trump’s use of Regeneron’s experimental treatment creates “a very tough situation” for the drugmaker because the drug hasn’t been cleared for broader use, CEO Leonard Schleifer said Monday, explaining the company has tried to take a principled approach until there is a broader authorization. 6. San Francisco will start offering free coronavirus testing to children on Tuesday in the city’s well-known Mission District to curtail health and financial disparities, a new initiative that is part of a statewide effort to lower the number of infections among racial and ethnic minority groups. 7. The Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. “antibody cocktail” was developed with the unauthorized use of a fluorescent protein, according to a lawsuit by a California company that patented the technology. 8. Included in Russian President Vladimir Putin's speech at the United Nations last month was an offer to provide all U.N. staff the country’s Sputnik V coronavirus vaccine free of charge, as the country continues to attempt to cast doubt on rival vaccine hunters with unsupported assertions, such as making claims that Western approaches to find a vaccine are less effective and riskier.

President Diagnosis 1. President Trump's physician Dr. Sean Conley said this afternoon the President's evaluations and clinical status supported his return home, explaining "Though he may not be entirely out of the woods yet, the team and I agree that all his evaluations, and most importantly, his clinical status support his return home where he'll be surrounded by world class medical care 24/7." 2. Dr. Brian Garibaldi, one of the physicians treating President Trump, said today he received his third dose of remdesivir and tolerated that infusion "without difficulty," adding that the President's kidney and liver function "continue to be normal," and the plan is to give him fourth treatment this evening before he returns to White House, and they have made arrangements to deliver the fifth and final dose tomorrow evening 3. President Trump "has not been on any fever-reducing medications for over 72 hours," White House physician Dr. Sean Conley said, however experts said that the President has been administered the corticosteroid dexamethasone as part of his treatment regimen, which can mask a fever. 4. President Trump had been given supplemental oxygen twice during the course of his illness so far, White House physician Dr. Sean Conley acknowledge this afternoon. 5. Dr. Sean Conley declined to provide any details on when President Trump last tested negative amid ongoing questions about when he was first contagious with the virus, saying “I don’t want to go backwards.” 6. Dr. Sean Conley declined to say when President Trump is likely to stop being contagious, although he said it’s possible the president may be able to infect others for more than 10 days. 7. Dr. Sean Conley was pressed by reporters on the question of why it was safe for him to leave Walter Reed medical center on Sunday for an SUV ride to wave to his supporters outside the facility, responding that President Trump

7 "has been surrounded by medical and security staff for days wearing full PPE," and adding "yesterday the US Secret Service agents were in that same level of PPE for a very short period of time. 8. Dr. Sean Conley, when asked what precautions are being taken at the White House for his return tonight, said, "We worked with our infectious disease experts to make some recommendations for how to keep everything safe down at the White House for the President and those around him." 9. Even as President Trump told aides he feels better and wants to get out of the hospital, aides had encouraged him to stay, saying “You don’t wanna come back,” and warning him of the bad optics if his condition were to worsen again requiring a second hospitalization. 10. President Trump’s doctors have given him at least three drugs to treat his case of Covid-19, including one where there is little data and concerns over side effects and interaction with one another, raising concern among medical experts that he could be “over-treated”. 11. When President Trump returns to the White House this evening, his working spaces will be contained inside the executive mansion in temporary offices set up on the basement level adjacent to the White House medical suite, according to a person familiar with the plans. 12. White House press secretary Kayleigh McEnany announced that she is infected, and two of her deputies, Chad Gilmartin and Karoline Leavitt, have also tested positive for coronavirus. 13. The White House Correspondents' Association said in a statement on Monday that there are no new known positive tests among members of the media who cover the White House, however some are still awaiting test results. 14. The Secret Service is declining to say whether the agents who rode with President Trump during his motorcade appearance on Sunday will be quarantining after their exposure. 15. House Homeland Security Committee Chair Bennie Thompson called for a briefing from the Secret Service on the measures it’s taking to keep staff, including those on the president’s protective detail, safe from coronavirus threats. 16. White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows, and all tested negative on Monday. 17. First lady tweeted today she is “feeling good & will continue to rest at home” and thanking medical staff and caretakers. 18. Washington, DC, Mayor Muriel Bowser said the city's administration has not had "substantial contact" with the White House since the outbreak among staff and members of Congress. 19. President Trump’s name was on a list of names of people who had tested negative for the coronavirus before last Tuesday’s presidential debate, the Cleveland Clinic said Monday – and indicated that he would have had to have tested positive within 72 hours of the debate. 20. A cable sent by the State Department public affairs office on Saturday to embassies around the world providing guidance about what America’s diplomats abroad could say about President Trump being diagnosed with Covid-19 gave no guidance about the health status of the President who was at Walter Reed medical center by the time the cable was sent. 21. President Trump is planning to participate in the next presidential debate scheduled for October 15, Trump Campaign Communications Director Tim Murtaugh said Monday afternoon.

US Outbreak 1. Arkansas reported a total of 499 hospitalizations 499 on Sunday, the most since early August. 2. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said the US was “fully prepared” when asked if there was concern about adversaries taking advantage of President Trump being in the hospital. 3. Texas officials announced today they plan to announce additional relaxation of anti-virus rules just weeks after they first began easing restrictions, citing hospitalizations, the number of new cases, and a positivity rate they said all remain contained. 4. Governor Andrew M. Cuomo of New York refused on Monday to allow New York City to close nonessential businesses in nine hot spots in Brooklyn and Queens where the coronavirus has spiked, pre-empting a plan announced the day before by Mayor Bill de Blasio, a stance that is creating more confusion over how the authorities intend to tackle early signs of a second wave of the virus. 5. New York officials said Monday that the state will shut down schools in nine hot spots on Tuesday, with the neighborhoods facing school closures all having seen a positive test rate well over 3% for the last seven days. 6. New York’s Excelsior Scholarship free college program that applies to all schools at the City University of New York and State University of New York and which allows more than 940,000 middle-class families and individuals making

8 up to $125,000 per year to qualify when the program completed its three-year phase-in this year, is in jeopardy due to the outbreak. 7. Southwest Airlines CEO told workers today the company can avoid furloughs and layoffs through 2021 if union employees agree to take pay cuts. 8. United Airlines is planning to resume nonstop flights between the US and China later this month after a more than eight-month hiatus, a turning point for the airline that had the most service to the country pre-pandemic. 9. Vice President Mike Pence and Democratic vice presidential nominee Kamala Harris will be separated by plexiglass at Wednesday night’s debate, a source familiar with the preparation reported, with the commission, along with medical consultants at the Cleveland Clinic, making the decision on Monday after studying the airborne nature of the virus and as the number of positive cases in the White House continued to grow. 10. NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell warned today the league’s 32 teams that violating regular-season Covid-19 protocols would result in penalties including potential forfeits of games. 11. The Tennessee Titans received no positive results Monday morning in their most recent set of tests for the virus, ending a string of six straight days with positive test results and marking a first step toward the NFL reopening the team’s facility and proceeding with its scheduled Week 5 game Sunday.

Global Outbreak 1. India’s cases slowed to less than 80,000 for a third day in a row, though the South Asian nation is still expected to surpass the US in coming weeks to become the world’s worst-affected country. 2. Russia reported almost 11,000 new cases in the last day on Monday, the highest daily increase in almost five months, and the Federal Statistics Service said 45,663 people died in April through August, more than double the toll released by the government’s virus-response staff. 3. Brazil reported 8,456 cases, the fewest since mid-May today, a daily count that compares with almost 70,000 cases reported on July 29, and while reporting over the weekend tends to be low, the nation just ended a week with the fewest cases since mid-June. 4. Germany recorded 1,546 new in the 24 hours through Monday morning, compared to 1,653 the day before, and the country’s estimated infection rate rose for the second day on Sunday, to 1.23 from 1.1 the previous day. 5. Ireland’s government is set to reject a recommendation from health officials that the nation move to the highest grade of lockdown, Level 5, a surprise proposal that had drawn widespread opposition amid concerns that severe new curbs would derail an economic recovery. 6. Iceland announced new restrictions during the weekend, following a spike in cases in recent weeks despite the island’s early success in limiting the spread of the virus, with the government ordering bars, gyms and some other businesses to close and limiting most gatherings to 20 people, down from prior restrictions that capped events at 200. 7. Paris and Marseille diners must keep masks on between courses starting Tuesday, part of new rules to keep restaurants open in France’s maximum-virus alert areas, with clients required to leave their contact details in a guest book, and seating at each table limited to six people. 8. Italy’s Prime Minister warned citizens may have to give up some liberties to combat the renewed spread of the coronavirus, as his government is expected to require citizens to again use masks in all outdoor settings and introduce limits to gatherings. 9. The Philippines will allow malls and several businesses to reopen further even as the Southeast Asian nation recorded more deaths last month, with restaurants now able to operate round-the-clock, malls can stay open until 11PM, and salons and barbershops can run at 75% capacity.

Statistics Sources John Hopkins CSSE Live Tracking Map, CDC US Case Reporting, Worldometer Coronavirus Pandemic, News Break Coronavirus Realtime Update Stats, Bing Covid19 Tracker, Covid Tracking Project, Uncast Social Distancing Scoreboard, University of Washington Outbreak Model, Moody’s Analytics and CNN Business Back-to-Normal Index

Reference CNN, Washington Post, CNBC, NBC News, CBS News, Bloomberg, Reuters, BBC, Reddit, American Banker, Wall Street Journal, New York Times

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Max M. Morris Senior Director | Cyber Defense & Response [email protected] 980.312.8530 (o) 704-534-0861 (c)

Compiled Informational FAQ’s, Insight, Tips and Best Practices (previously provided) Back-to-Normal Index Methodology The Moody’s Analytics and CNN Business Back-to-Normal Index combines 37 indicators, including traditional government statistics and metrics from a host of private firms to capture economic trends nationally and across states in real time. The government statistics cover retail sales, industrial production, durable goods orders and housing starts, to name a few. Private contributors to the index include Zillow for home listings, OpenTable for restaurant bookings, Homebase for its measures of hours worked at small businesses, the Mortgage Bankers Association for data on applications for mortgage loans, the Association of American Railroads for rail traffic, and Google, whose cellphone- based mobility data is a window into how actively people are shopping, going to work and venturing out to play. The Index goes beyond the typical measures used to judge how an economy is doing, such as GDP, employment and unemployment, to provide a comprehensive understanding of how businesses and consumers are responding to the pandemic, and can be found at https://www.cnn.com/business/us-economic-recovery-coronavirus. 7 Essential Tips for Working From Home During the Coronavirus Pandemic In the midst of the new pandemic, many companies are implementing voluntary or mandatory work-from-home policies. That means lots of us are dealing with an unusual challenge: working from home for the first time, full- time. Even if you’ve done it before, working from home because of coronavirus might feel like a whole new world: It’s probably sudden. It might be for an extended period of time rather than a day here and there (and you’re not at all sure how long it’ll last). Your whole company is involved. And you can’t necessarily socialize in person outside of work. These tips will help you make sure that you’re successful, both at getting your work done and at maintaining your mental well-being. Read the complete story at https://www.themuse.com/advice/coronavirus-work-from-home-tips: 1. Get dressed 2. Designate a Workspace or Home Office 3. Keep Clearly Defined Working Hours 4. Build Transitions Into (and Out of) Work 5. Don’t Get Too Sucked in by the News - or Anything Else 6. Communicate, Communicate, Communicate 7. Don’t Forget to Socialize 7 tips for parents to prepare kids for school Across the country, millions of students are returning to newly-designed classrooms with new rules, like social distancing and mask wearing, or they are spending the start of the school year in front of a computer screen at home, doing virtual learning, or doing homeschooling. Either way, the changes and uncertainty caused by the pandemic are already having an impact on children's mental health, data shows. Here are seven tips from Hameed and Dr. Harold Koplewicz, president and medical director of the Child Mind Institute, on how parents and students can prepare mentally for the school year ahead. See the full recommendations at https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Wellness/tips-parents-mentally- prepare-children-upended-school-year/story?id=72192322: 1. Create an at-home learning space for your child. 2. Focus on skills rather than assignments. 3. Develop a social life with your kids. 4. Stay active with your kids. 5. Practice gratitude and focusing on the present. 6. Show your kids how you're processing emotions. 7. Be smart with screen time.

10 Coronavirus Drug and Treatment Tracker Ratings (reference for New York Times Coronavirus Drug and Treatment Tracker above, ratings based on the scientific evidence for its effectiveness and safety)  STRONG EVIDENCE: The treatment has been demonstrated to be effective and safe, either through a robust clinical trial or widespread use by doctors. The strongest trials are randomized controlled trials, in which some people get a treatment and others get a placebo.  PROMISING EVIDENCE: Early evidence from studies on patients suggests effectiveness, but more research is needed. This category includes treatments that have shown improvements in morbidity, mortality and recovery in retrospective studies, which look at existing datasets rather than starting a new trial.  TENTATIVE OR MIXED EVIDENCE: Some treatments show promising results in cells or animals, which need to be confirmed in people. Other treatments have produced different results in different experiments, raising the need for larger, more rigorously designed studies to clear up the confusion.  NOT PROMISING: These treatments show mixed evidence that suggests that they do not work.  INEFFECTIVE AND POSSIBLY HARMFUL: These treatments were once seriously considered for Covid-19 but have not held up under scientific scrutiny, proving to be ineffective or even harmful.  PSEUDOSCIENCE OR FRAUD: These are not treatments that researchers have ever considered using for Covid-19. Experts have warned against trying them, because they do not help against the disease and can instead be dangerous. Some people have even been arrested for their false promises of a Covid-19 cure. The Vaccine Testing Process (reference for New York Times Coronavirus Vaccine Tracker above)  PRECLINICAL TESTING: Scientists give the vaccine to animals such as mice or monkeys to see if it produces an immune response.  PHASE I SAFETY TRIALS: Scientists give the vaccine to a small number of people to test safety and dosage as well as to confirm that it stimulates the immune system.  PHASE II EXPANDED TRIALS: Scientists give the vaccine to hundreds of people split into groups, such as children and the elderly, to see if the vaccine acts differently in them. These trials further test the vaccine’s safety and ability to stimulate the immune system.  PHASE III EFFICACY TRIALS: Scientists give the vaccine to thousands of people and wait to see how many become infected, compared with volunteers who received a placebo. These trials can determine if the vaccine protects against the coronavirus.  APPROVAL: Regulators in each country review the trial results and decide whether to approve the vaccine or not. During a pandemic, a vaccine may receive emergency use authorization before getting formal approval. Tips to shift your perspective from pessimism to optimism (from Jen Gotch, founder and chief creative officer of ban.do and author of the bestselling book, "The Upside of Being Down"): 1. Take some quiet time to start to become aware of your thoughts. Many of us are so used to that ongoing narrative in our mind -- one that can often be fear-based and fraught with negativity. Building that awareness is a good place to start. 2. Recognize that the voice is not you and when it is serving up negativity, you can choose not to listen to it. My relationship with that inner voice is such that at this point I just say, "Hey, thank you for coming today. I know that in some strange way you are trying to help, but I'm OK and I don't need you today." 3. Then you can work to add positivity to that voice. I like the idea of challenging myself to find an upside to something negative. Certainly some situations make that easier to do than others, but it's a great way to start training your brain toward optimism. 4. With optimism you can recognize that there is no way to avoid days in which bad things happen, but you can control how you label that day. It means finding a way to see even the hardest days as OK days, and that holds a lot of power. It helps me to remember that the bad is there so we can know what good is, but also to teach us something -- sometimes something big, sometimes small. If you can accept the situation rather than resist it, and have gratitude for the potential enlightenment it could bring, you can find peace. With practice, this becomes second nature. 5. Acceptance is a huge part of optimism. A pessimist might spend a lot of time resisting bad news, an awful situation, etc. To many that feels like control, but in reality most things in life are actually completely out of our control. Learning to accept the fact that you can't control the situation, and instead work to control how you react to it, is another really powerful part of optimism.

11 Explainer: The coronavirus risks of everyday activities as economies reopen (https://www.reuters.com/article/us- health-coronavirus-risks-explainer/explainer-the-coronavirus-risks-of-everyday-activities-as-economies-reopen- idUSKBN23N1PS) Reuters asked five epidemiologists and public health experts to rate eleven everyday activities on a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being a low-risk activity and 5 being a high risk activity. The scientists agreed that precautions can be taken to make all of these activities safer. “Higher-risk activities are those that are indoors, with poor ventilation and lots of people for long periods of time,” said Ryan Malosh, a researcher at the University of Michigan. “Lower-risk activities are outdoors, with ample space to socially distance, few people outside your household, and for shorter periods of time.” 1. GOING TO THE DOCTOR - Low risk (Average: 2.1) 2. GOING TO AN OUTDOOR PICNIC OR BARBECUE - Low risk (Average: 2.3) 3. HAVING AN OUTDOOR PLAYDATE WITH A FRIEND OF YOUR CHILD - Low to moderate risk (Average: 2.4) 4. GOING SHOPPING - Low to moderate risk (Average 2.5) 5. RETURNING TO YOUR OFFICE - Moderate risk (Average: 2.6) 6. VISITING AN ELDERLY RELATIVE - Moderate risk (Average: 3.2) 7. GETTING A HAIRCUT - Moderate risk (Average: 3.4) 8. GOING TO A RESTAURANT - Moderate risk (Average: 3.4) 9. GOING TO AN INDOOR DINNER PARTY - Moderate to high risk (Average: 3.8) 10. SENDING YOUR CHILD TO SUMMER CAMP - High risk (Average 3.9) 11. RIDING PUBLIC TRANSIT - High risk (Average: 4.1) Q: Can coronavirus stick to clothes? Do I need to wash my clothes right after encountering other people, like at the grocery store or while jogging? A: “I don’t think you need to,” CNN Chief Medical Correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta said. Coronavirus can stay alive for up to three days on stainless steel and plastic. But clothing “is probably more like cardboard — it’s more absorbent, so the virus is unlikely to stay and last that long,” Gupta said. While coronavirus can stay alive on cardboard for up to 24 hours, viruses generally don’t stick well on surfaces that are in motion. “If you look at how viruses move through air, they kind of want to move around objects,” Gupta said. “They don’t want to necessarily land on objects. So if you’re moving as human body through the air … (it’s) unlikely to stick to your clothes.” More with less: How to adapt small spaces for lockdown The difficulties of isolation and working from home are most acutely felt by those in small apartments and other confined spaces. US-born designer and author Azby Brown, who has lived in Japan since 1985 and founded the KIT Future Design Institute in Tokyo, has some tips on adapting:  Change up your windows: "Pay attention to your windows. Just change them up. The novelty will be mentally and emotionally helpful. Put some decorations around them, just something to liven them up so you don't feel that you're stuck," she said.  Getting away from work: "Put your work away when it's time to eat. Maybe you can get a side storage unit on wheels where you can just put that stuff in and roll it out of sight for a while."  Best way to deal with privacy while on a conference call: "Find a way to decorate a little corner somewhere. Maybe you get a stand to put your laptop on and put a better microphone there. Create a little communications nook, and that's your window to the outside world.  Preventing distractions while working: "If you really want privacy, it is psychologically important to have a "do not disturb" signal. In a house that's very compact, it could simply be facing your chair the other way and telling others that if you're facing that way, you're working." Q: Are all soaps created equal? Which ones are the best to use? A: Dr. Darria Long, emergency room physician –– "It looks like when you're using soaps that probably an antibacterial may be a little more helpful than say a generic moisturizing soap, but just as important as what you use is the duration. We say in medicine the solution to pollution is dilution–– meaning you have to have that time of the soap on your hands to really disrupt the virus and wash it off. That 20 seconds is really important." Q: How has coronavirus affected the housing market? Is it still a good time to buy or sell a home? A: Suze Orman, money expert and host of the "Women and Money" podcast –– "I have to tell you for the housing market to go up means people have to be able to afford to buy a home and I'm not sure that is going to be able to happen. So I don't think the housing market is going to go up. I probably would not be buying a home right here. If I had to, though, I would be selling a home if I needed to sell it but I wouldn't be buying at this point."

12 Q: Could Covid-19 spread from second-hand vaping and how quickly will it get into your lungs? A: Dr. Darria Long, emergency room physician –– "If you are vaping, increased coughing and maybe deeper breathing you may be more likely to spread Covid to other people, but what we also have to emphasize is studies are showing that people who vape, smoke, smoke cannabis, any type of smoking are at higher risk of developing potentially more severe Covid and more complications from Covid. It decreases your immune system and hurts your lungs." The right way to use and clean your mask during the pandemic People should be wearing cloth face coverings to prevent the spread of COVID-19, the Centers for Disease Control said. For masks to be effective, they must be worn properly. Here’s the right way to use a cloth face covering during the COVID-19 pandemic, plus common pitfalls that could affect your safety:  Focus on the Fit: Face coverings should be snug, but still comfortable, and cover your whole nose and mouth, and extend underneath your chin, according to the CDC.  Put it on carefully: The World Health Organization suggests that people first clean their hands before putting a mask on and check that there are no holes or tears in the fabric.  Don’t touch the mask while wearing it: If you must take off your mask for a quick breather, or an itch, it’s important to practice good hand hygiene after touching the face covering.  Take it off carefully: Be extra careful not to touch the front of your mask and your eyes, nose and mouth when removing your face covering, and wash your hands after handling your mask, according to the CDC.  Wash your mask often: According to the CDC, machine-washing your mask is enough to disinfect your cloth face covering.  Keep social distancing: Wearing a face covering is just one additional step that you can take to stop the spread of COVID-19, but it’s not a replacement for the other important prevention measures, such as washing your hands and social distancing. CNN - How to help medical efforts during the pandemic Here's how to help medical efforts in your community during the coronavirus pandemic.  Give blood: The nation’s blood supply is dangerously low. Local blood drives can be found through the American Red Cross, America’s Blood Centers, Blood Centers of America and the Advancing Transfusion and Cellular Therapies Worldwide.  Donate medical supplies: MedSupplyDrive is helping individuals and medical labs donate protective gear to hospitals in their area. Several national craft and sewing groups are also making masks to send to healthcare workers.  Donate Hand-Sewn Face Masks: Got a sewing machine at home? You can help by sewing cloth masks. The CDC cautions that fabric masks cannot be used in the care of Covid-19 patients, but are helpful in other areas of patient care since other forms of medical protective equipment are exhausted. CNN - How to help local businesses during the pandemic Here's how to help small businesses in your community during the coronavirus pandemic:  Shop small: Independent bookstores across the country are offering delivery and curbside pickup. Find out how to connect to local offerings through IndieBound. If you prefer audio books, Libro.fm works with independent booksellers as well.  Buy gift cards: It will provide immediate income, and you get the product later. Help Main Street: Allows people to buy gift cards to their favorite stores now with the intention of using them once operations recommence. Kabbage: Use this service to buy gift certificates to support small businesses. CDC Cloth Face Covering Instructions and Guidance The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has released instructions and visual tutorials on how to make cloth face coverings from common household materials that can be found at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- ncov/prevent-getting-sick/diy-cloth-face-coverings.html. 1. The CDC recently released guidance recommending the use of cloth face coverings "in public settings where other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain, especially in areas of significant community based transmission." 2. Cloth face coverings can be homemade out of pieces of fabric, T-shirts, bandannas and coffee filters to slow down the spread of the virus, especially those that may be asymptomatic and capable of transmitting it to others despite experiencing no symptoms. 3. The CDC recommended any homemade cloth face coverings include multiple layers of fabric, be secured to the ears, and allow for breathing without restriction. 13 4. The guidance recommends routinely cleaning coverings in a washing machine and that no child under the age of 2 should wear them. Q: Should I worry about contracting the virus from mail and newspapers? A: Dr. Darria Long, emergency room physician: "There is no evidence you may contract the coronavirus from mail and newspapers but that said if you want to be on the safer side we know that Covid can live on cardboard for about 24 hours. If you want to take the extra precaution you can effectively quarantine that mail, say in your garage or someplace, for about 24 hours then open it up and wash your hands well after you do it." Q: There's a lot of talk about social distancing but what do you do when you are on an overcrowded subway or bus? A: Dr. Darria Long, emergency room physician: "For one, of course, maintain social distancing as much as you can. If you can stay six feet away from other people on the bus or subway, do so. Other than that, I would absolutely want someone to be wearing a mask the entire time they are on there, even a cloth mask. Then you can do two other things. You can wear an outer layer you carefully remove when you get out of the subway or bus or wear gloves. But key point, we are seeing a lot of people wear gloves and I do have to say you have to remove them carefully or you eliminate the effect. So you pinch the outer glove with one hand and take your clean finger to remove the other so you're not touching the outside. Of course wash your hands afterwards." Q: How do I talk to my 65-year-old father about limiting his visits to the store without sounding like I am scolding him? A: Dr. Gail Saltz, psychiatrist and psychoanalyst: "The relationships that are happening between adult children and their parents and kids who suddenly arrive back home, there is pressure going on and anxiety going on that things are being heard in critical ways or people are saying things in irritable ways which is all very understandable. But if you realize that your parent is used to being 'the parent' and you simply say, hey, I love you and I'm really just worried about you so I'm asking you not to do this because I understand it puts you at greater risk and for me, my worry, my anxiety, I would really feel better if you wouldn't do it which is different than saying, hey. I know better and I told you so." Q: Mosquito season is about to start. Should we be concerned about mosquitos transmitting Covid-19? A: Dr. Darria Long, emergency room physician: "We know mosquitos can carry other viruses, but there is no evidence right now they can actually transmit coronavirus from one person to another." If you wear a mask, do these three things - NEW The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention continues to re-examine possible changes to its recommendations on the general public wearing face masks. In the meantime, the US Surgeon General said that there are 3 things you should do if you decide to wear a mask: 1. Don't touch your face: “If you’re going to wear a face covering, please try not to touch your face. Please be very, very careful about making sure you don’t touch your face.” 2. Don't use an N95: “If you’re going to wear a face covering, please save the N95 masks for healthcare workers who need them.” 3. Stay at home: “Wearing a face covering does not mean that you don’t have to practice social distancing. The most important thing you can do is stay at home right now, and we don’t want people to feel like ‘OK I’m covering my face so now it’s OK for me to go out in public.'" COVID-19 Screening Tool Apple, in partnership with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, White House Task Force and FEMA, has released a website and iOS app that will allow users to screen themselves for symptoms. The company said it would will not collect or store users’ answers to the questionnaire, though it will collect anonymous information about usage of the tools. The website can be found at https://www.apple.com/covid19. Payment Calculator has developed a stimulus payment calculator that estimates how much people will receive as well as provide answers to frequent asked questions. It can be found at https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/business/coronavirus-stimulus-check-calculator/. Corrective Lenses Best Practices The American Academy of Ophthalmology suggest it's time to put your contact lenses on the shelf and dazzle the world with your frames. That's because wearing glasses can help you stop touching your face, a key way any virus is spread. Contact lens users not only touch their eyes to put in and remove their lens twice or more a day, they also touch their eyes and face much more than people who don't wear contacts. People who are at higher risk for severe illness

14 Based on currently available information and clinical expertise, older adults and people of any age who have serious underlying medical conditions might be at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19. Based upon available information to date, those at high-risk for severe illness from COVID-19 include:  People aged 65 years and older  People who live in a nursing home or long-term care facility  Other high-risk conditions could include: o People with chronic lung disease or moderate to severe asthma o People who have heart disease with complications o People who are immunocompromised including cancer treatment o People of any age with severe obesity (body mass index [(BM]I)≥40) or certain underlying medical conditions, particularly if not well controlled, such as those with diabetes, renal failure, or liver disease might also be at risk  People who are pregnant should be monitored since they are known to be at risk with severe viral illness, however, to date data on COVID-19 has not shown increased risk Many conditions can cause a person to be immunocompromised, including cancer treatment, bone marrow or organ transplantation, immune deficiencies, poorly controlled HIV or AIDS, and prolonged use of corticosteroids and other immune weakening medications Coronavirus symptoms: What they are, and when to seek help - NEW 1. The main list of acute symptoms at this time is actually quite short and can appear anywhere from two to 14 days after exposure, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Being able to identify those symptoms and act upon them when necessary is critical. Here are some of the symptoms:  Fever  Cough  Difficulty breathing  Flu and cold symptoms 2. "At this moment, the current guidance -- and this may change -- is that if you have symptoms that are similar to the cold and the flu and these are mild symptoms to moderate symptoms, stay at home and try to manage them with rest, hydration and the use of Tylenol," the American Medical Association has said. That advice does not apply if you are over age 60, since immune systems weaken as we age, or if you are pregnant -- anyone with concerns about coronavirus should call their healthcare provider. Do you have cabin fever? Here's what you can do about it While our abilities to go to work and participate in activities outside the home are under restriction, initial discomfort may quickly result in "cabin fever." Cabin fever is not like a psychological disorder, but the feelings associated with it are. It involves a range of negative feelings and distress related to restricted movement: irritability, boredom, some hopelessness, restlessness and difficulty concentrating. Your personality is a major factor in how quickly you develop these kinds of emotions. If you're more extroverted and not used to being at home, you're probably more prone to feeling this way and may feel it instantly. Those who see quarantine as a way to clean, pay bills, organize their closet or pursue a new hobby might take longer to reach cabin fever, if they ever do. Whichever group you belong to, there are various ways you can ease the tension: 1. Establish a routine 2. Mix up your space 3. Stay physically and mentally active 4. Connect with others .. but find time to separate, too 5. Embrace discomfort Pediatrics Study Findings 1. The study examined 731 confirmed and 1,412 suspected cases of COVID-19 in children. 2. Out of the combined 2,143 cases, one child, a 14-year-old boy, died and nearly 6% of cases were severe, compared with 18.5% of adults experiencing severe symptoms. 3. Young children, particularly infants, were vulnerable to COVID-19 infection, the authors of the study said. Nearly 11% of cases were severe and critical for infants less than 1 year old. 4. More than 90% of all pediatric patients were asymptomatic, showing mild or common forms of illness. About 13% of patients who tested positive for the virus did not show symptoms of illness.

15 5. Researchers remain unsure why children with COVID-19 were not as ill as adults. WHO Clinical Guidance 1. Although the evidence suggests that those over 60 are at highest risk, young people, including children, have died. 2. Women experience changes in their bodies during pregnancy that may increase their risk of some infections. 3. There is no evidence that pregnant women present with different signs or symptoms or are at higher risk of severe illness. 4. So far, there is no evidence on mother-to-child transmission when infection manifests in the third trimester. 5. Considering asymptomatic transmission may be possible in pregnant or recently pregnant women, as with the general population, all women with epidemiologic history of contact should be carefully monitored. 6. Pregnant women with suspected, probable, or confirmed COVID-19, including women who may need to spend time in isolation, should have access to appropriate care and all recently pregnant women with COVID-19 or who have recovered from COVID-19 should be provided with information and counseling on safe infant feeding as well as ways to prevent transmission of the virus. 7. There is no currently evidence that pregnant women present increased risk of severe illness or fetal compromise. Coronavirus FAQ’s 1. How does it spread? The virus appears to mainly spread from person to person. Transmission happens when someone comes into contact with an infected person's secretions, such as droplets in a cough or sneeze. The virus can also be transmitted by coming into contact with something an infected person has touched and then touching your mouth, nose or eyes. Caregivers can sometimes be exposed by handling a patient's waste, according to the CDC. 2. How is it treated? There is no specific antiviral treatment, though research is underway. Most of the time, symptoms will go away on their own and experts advise seeking care early. Doctors can relieve symptoms by prescribing a pain or fever medication. 3. How long is the incubation period? The incubation period is how long it takes for people to get ill after being exposed to the virus. For coronavirus, this time period is 14 days -- which is why many mandatory quarantines being imposed are for 14 days. 4. How can you can prevent it? There is no vaccine to protect against it for now. Until researchers develop one, you can reduce your risk of infection by avoiding people who are sick. Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze, and disinfect the objects and surfaces you touch. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth, and wash your hands often with soap. 5. What is the incubation period for the coronavirus? An incubation period is the time between catching an illness and showing symptoms of the illness. Current estimates suggest that symptoms of COVID-19 usually appear within around five days or less in most cases, but the estimate range is between 2 and 14 days with outlier cases from 0 to 27 days. 6. Do people who have recovered from novel coronavirus become immune to it? It's too early to know for sure. But other coronaviruses, like ones that cause the common cold, might give us clues. With "common cold coronaviruses, you don't actually have immunity that lasts for very long, and so we don't know the answer with this specific coronavirus". 7. Since a plane's cabin keeps circulating air, will I get sick if another passenger is sick? Most viruses don't spread easily on airplanes because of how the air circulates and is filtered, the CDC says, as modern commercial jets recirculate 10- 50% of the air in the cabin, mixed with outside air, and the recirculated air passes through a series of filters 20--30 times per hour. Also, air generally circulates in defined areas within the aircraft, thus limiting the radius of distribution of pathogens spread by small-particle aerosols. As a result, the cabin air environment is not conducive to the spread of most infectious diseases. Still, try to avoid contact with anyone sneezing or coughing. And if you're feeling sick, cover your entire mouth and nose with the inside of your elbow when you cough or sneeze. 8. Experts says "older adults" are at risk — but what does that mean? The CDC says "older adults" and people with serious chronic medical conditions "are at higher risk of getting very sick from this illness." Anyone over 60 and those with underlying health problems should try to avoid places with large crowds — such as movie theaters, busy malls and even religious services, top infectious disease experts say. The average age of death for people from coronavirus is 80. Average age of people who need medical attention is age 60. 9. Am I at risk from a package or products shipped from China or other at risk countries? There is still a lot that is unknown about the newly emerged COVID-19 and how it spreads. Using earlier coronavirus characteristics as a guide, in general, because of poor survivability of these coronaviruses on surfaces, there is likely very low risk of

16 spread from products or packaging that are shipped over a period of days or weeks at ambient temperatures. Coronaviruses are generally thought to be spread most often by respiratory droplets. Currently there is no evidence to support transmission of COVID-19 associated with imported goods and there have not been any cases of COVID-19 in the United States associated with imported goods. 10. Can you catch the coronavirus by eating food prepared by others? A Harvard University assistant profession of epidemiology stated that the coronavirus is not a virus that will necessarily transmit easily in that way. For things like salad bars we will have to be very diligent about what we are touching and all of the utensils that many people might be touching. That would be where the risk of the transmission would be occurring, more so than the food that we are actually eating. 11. What is community spread? Community spread means people have been infected with the virus in an area, including some who are not sure how or where they became infected. 12. What is the best way to wash your hands properly? Hand-washing is the easiest way to prevent the spread the coronavirus and the common flu. Believe it or not, there’s a right way to wash your hands. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) breaks it down into these five steps:  Wet your hands (to the wrist) with clean, running water (the temperature doesn’t matter). Turn off the tap, and apply a good amount of soap.  Lather up the soap by rubbing your hands together. Don’t forget to spread that lather to the backs of your hands up to your wrists, between your fingers, and under your nails.  Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Both doctors recommend humming the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning-to-end twice to get the timing right.  Rinse your hands thoroughly under clean, running water.  Dry your hands using a clean paper towel (best bet), hand dryer (OK), or let them air dry (in a pinch). How to keep coronavirus fears from affecting your mental health Coronavirus is a serious situation and deserves your vigilance and attention, but the deluge of information, precautions and warnings can take a real toll on your mental health. CNN Health has provided a number of tips to help maintain a happy medium: 1. Pare down your sources of information. Find a few sources you trust, like the CDC or a community authority, and stick with them. Limit the frequency of your updates, be disciplined with your social media use and know when to walk away. 2. Name your fears. It may help to sit down and really consider what specific threats worry you. If your fears are practical ones, think about a plan: What are other options if you can't telework? Do you have savings or support? Being prepared for your fears will help keep them in scale. 3. Think outside yourself: Since action can allay our anxieties, you may want to also consider what you can do to help others who may be more affected by the outbreak than you, like service or hourly workers who may have to put themselves in disproportionate danger. 4. Seek support, but do it wisely. If you want to run to a friend to discuss the latest outbreak cluster or your family's contingency plans, try not to create an echo chamber where overwhelmed people further overwhelm each other. Look for someone who is handling it differently, or for professional help if it's an available option. 5. Pay attention to your basic needs. Don't forget the essential, healthy practices that affect your wellbeing every day -- getting enough sleep, proper nutrition, physical activity, and getting outside as much as possible. 6. Don't chastise yourself for worrying. You are allowed to worry or feel bad, and those feelings are valid in times of crisis. The key is to work toward understanding and contextualizing your fears so they don't keep you from living your healthiest life.

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