Volume IV Number 28 June 2009 Future projects and targets in NGV Asia

India Egypt Expansion of gas Speranza CNG, the infrastructure countries' first OEM NGV

24 al 26 de Septiembre, 2009 September 24-26, 2009 Jockey Plaza Convention Center Lima, Perú / Peru

I Cumbre Latinoamericana de GNV y Combustibles Alternativos I Latin American Summit of NGV and Alternative Fuels

Sponsors Silver Sponsors Bronze www.expognvperu.com [email protected]

Convoca Auspicia Organiza Hosted by: Supported by Organized by:

2 June 2009 Summary

Recent targets and predictions 04 in NGV business

Asian NGV Communications is a publication According to the recent update on of NGV Communications Group, publishing crude oil price from early May 2009 , house and fairs-conferences organizer: the cost of crude oil with trade contract www.ngvgroup.com in New York Mercantile Exchange for ... In Europe, we print The Gas Vehicles Report, GVR, and www.ngvguide.com, the International NGV Guide. Crude oil continued to increase in In Argentina, the Group publishes Prensa 20 early May Vehicular, Argentine CNG Guide, maps, books and brochures while in Brazil, Folha In early May, big funds anticipated that do GNV, Brazilian NGV Guide, maps and the worst of economic recession was posters, among others. In Peru Prensa Vehicular Peru. More info: www.ngvgroup.com over. As investment started flowing The signed articles are exclusive responsibility of heavily into commodities during the ... the authors, as well as advertising companies and agencies are responsible for the published ads.

is member of the Old taxi replacement projects ANGVA (Asia Pacific 21 in Greater Cairo NGV Association) Under the Egyptian traffic law KOREA 121/2008, which came into effect last August, owners of 20 years old taxis have until August of 2011 to replace ... 300-5, Changchon-Ri ■ Namsan-Myun Chuncheon-Si ■ Kangwon-Do ■ 200-911 Tel. and fax.: +82 33 260 3419 New OEM NGVs and concept car Indonesian natural +31 20 420 1076 24 31 gas for Thailand [email protected] ■ www.asiangv.com

Pakistan to determine Bangladesh’s first chain 26 CNG retail price 31 of CNG stations is growing

Wider distribution of CNG to Private conversion and station PERU 28 various Indian cities 32 expansion programme in Surabaya Av. Brasil 3222 oficina 403 - A Magdalena del Mar - RUC: 20513085576 Mandates for vehicle Busines Centre CP: Lima 17- [email protected] 30 replacement in India 34 ITALY Copies Distribution Vicolo Gonzaga 13 ■ 46045 Marmirolo (Mn) Tel.: +39 0376 294055 We print and mail to 24 Indonesia: 1.6% In addition, the magazine is [email protected] ■ www.thegvr.com countries about 4.000 copies Iran: 7.0% sent to over 19.300 readers addressed to governmental relat- ARGENTINA Israel: 0.1% in 94 countries ed offices, OEM and Oil & Gas Japan: 10.2% by e-mail (.pdf) and is also online companies, Uspallata 711 ■ CP 1268 ■ Capital Federal Korea: 5.1% in www.ngvgroup.com Tel./Fax: +54 11 43074559 /5201/ 43006137 associations, related NGV indus- Malaysia: 6.6% If your NGV business is in Asia, [email protected] tries, refuelling stations, Myanmar: 0.5% advertise with us. www.prensavehicular.com workshops and suppliers, New Zealand: 1.0% according the following list (some Pakistan: 11.4% Asian NGV Communications BRASIL figures rounded): Philippines: 3.6% 300-14, Changchon-Ri, Armenia: 0.3% Russia:4.3% Namsan-Myun, Av. Rio Branco, 131 Sala 1.701 Australia: 4.1% CEP: 20040-006 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Singapore: 3.1% Chuncheon-Si, Tel: + (55 21) 2244-7537 Azerbaijan: 0.2% Taiwan: 0.2% Kangwon-Do, [email protected] ■ www.folhadognv.com Bangladesh: 5.0% Thailand: 5.8% 200-911 KOREA China: 10.9% Turkey: 5.5% Tel : +31 20 420 1076 Printed: Rigraph S.R.L. Egypt: 1.9% United Arab Emirates: 2.1% Tel : +82 33 260 3419 • Constitución 4, 28.511 Madrid - España India: 9.5% Vietnam: 0.1% e-mail: [email protected] • Tilcara 3.146, Buenos Aires

4 June 2009

Recent targets and predictions in NGV business

According to the recent update on Light-duty trucks, motorcycle and distribution networks continues with crude oil price from early May 2009 , try-cycles are also available in natural target set at 86 cities to be covered by the cost of crude oil with trade contract gas versions. pipelines by 2011, 120 cities by 2013, in New York Mercantile Exchange for In a recent analysis made by Frost & and 250 cities by 2018. The supply of July delivery increased to USD Sullivan, the firm believes that China will gas is exclusively meant for domestic 54.54/bbl. The price touched the USD experience three phases for the use (PNG) and transport sector (CNG) 50/bbl level since last March when the development of “green” cars. CNG, while supply for industry is banned May delivery contract took place. The LPG and hybrid vehicles under this policy. contract for June delivery for one barrel (gasoline-electric) are incorporated in oil was closed at USD 50.14. The the first phase of the “green” cars Iran expected average oil price for this year milestone. It is predicted to gradually German-based company, Bayerngas, is USD 50 (OPEC) – USD 55 per barrel. alter to Electric vehicles in the middle has announced that it would assist We are yet to see whether oil price will stage with fuel cell as the final solution Iran‘s main oil company with the meet the expected price level at USD in the long run. development of CNG refuelling stations. 65/bbl in 2010. To speed up the expansion rate of CNG It is likely that Bayerngas will supply and LPG vehicles adoption in this technicians to install the stations. This Confidence in the global market has not country, more gas infrastructure and an project would involve the installation of been restored yet. However, NGV improved vehicle performance are 100 CNG stations to serve 100,000 industry in Asia continues to move required. The application of CNG in NGVs. With almost € 4 billion trade with forward. Several Light-Duty Vehicles transport sector in China mostly seen in Iran in 2008, Germany is Iran’s largest manufacturers from China, India and taxis and buses. European trade partner, so far. Japan have got back to carrying out their marketing activities to promote India Thailand their cars, and have introduced new Authorities from various cities in India Conversion business in Thailand contin- NGV models (see other page in this recently issued mandates for the ues to be promising. As demand for magazine for more information). replacement of old and/or vehicles alternative fuel passenger cars and which are not eco-friendly. In Kolkata, pick-up trucks is increasing, Sammitr Vehicle conversion, fuelling station and all autorickshaws running on two-stroke Motors Manufacturing, one of Thailand’s gas pipelines related projects continue engines had to be converted to CNG or leading auto-parts makers, is to materialize in various countries. LPG engines by December 2008, and diversifying its business by entering the later, the deadline was extended to July CNG conversion kits business with Bangladesh 31st, 2009. Toyota as the main client. The new The conversion trend in Bangladesh is business line, Sammitr Green Power, slightly changed. Converting gasoline In Pune, gasoline autorickshaws must has been installing CNG kits in Toyota vehicles to NGVs is still considered to be converted to CNG or LPG system Hilux Vigo pick-ups at its assembly be cost effective. Conversely, the by April 2009. So far, only about 10% of plant. The firm is targeting to convert number of diesel conversion is at its those vehicles were converted to NGVs. 8% of 10,000 new cars equal to THB minimum since government decreased Pune’s Regional Transport Authority 500 million sales, said its managing diesel price to Tk 44/liter from Tk (RTA) also wants all cars in Pune and director Surayut Posirisuk. The 55/liter. CNG price remains at Tk Pimpri-Chinchwad to be converted to company’s market share in CNG retrofit 16.75/kg. CNG/LPG system from May 1st to is expected to increase to 15% (THB lower air pollution level. 1.1 billion) next year and 20% (THB 1.6 China billion) by 2011. In the next five years, This country can be seen as one of the The Mumbai government had request- the share in newly retrofitted NGVs is early adopters of alternative fuel ed all taxis over 25 years old—7,051 expected to climb to 30%, he added. vehicles technology in Asia. Already for units--to be phased out by end 2008. several years, China has been using Many of these vehicles are yet to be The firm planned to open eight units of CNG and LPG vehicle technology. And replaced by new ones. CNG conversion and service centres by recently, hybrid and hydrogen vehicle year end and more than 50 units by technology were introduced in the Young Bangaloreans lobbied for a green 2011. The company also offers country. China even exports its OEM city, proposing the introduction of CNG scheduled servicing, repairs and CNG buses to other Asian countries in public transport in Bangalore. They maintenance, and one-stop service to and to South America. Apart from that, hope that this will help to improve the test and certify NGV components. Apart NG trucks and tractors are produced in air quality in the city. from supplying Toyota, Samittr also this country. Car manufacturers provides CNG kits for other car produce bifuel CNG/gasoline cars. Nationwide, the expansion of city-gas manufacturers.

6 June 2009

天然气汽车的发展前景

根据2009年5月份最新的石油价格，7月份纽约商品交易所的原油合同交货价格将升至每桶54.54美元，这是自去年3月份宣布 原油合同价格（5月）以来，石油价格首次突破50美元大关。今年6月份的原油价格收于每桶50.14美元。今年原油的平均价格 预计在每桶50美元（OPEC）到55美元之间。我们目前还无法预测今年的油价是否能达到2010年每桶65美元的预水平。 全球市场的信心尚未恢复。然而，亚洲的天然气汽车工业仍在前行。中国、印度、日本的几个轻型车制造商重回市场展开一 系列的营销活动，以促进其轿车的销售，同时向市场导入新的天然气汽车车型。（本部分文章有详细介绍） 很多国家开展了汽车改装、加注战建设和管网铺设的相关项目。

孟加拉 孟加拉改装车的发展趋势出现了一些变化。把汽油车改装为天然气汽车仍是成本效益可行的。反之，由于政府将柴油价格从 每升55元下调到44元，柴油车改装为天然气汽车的数量达到历史最低点。压缩天然气的价格仍就是每公斤16.75元。

中国 中国被认为是亚洲最早应用替代燃料汽车的国家之一。过去的多年来，中国一直在应用CNG和LPG汽车。来，混合动力与氢 燃料汽车技术被引入该国。中国已经开始向亚洲和南美等地区出口自己生产的OEM天然气客车。此外，中国还开始生产天然气 卡车及牵引车等重型车。轿车生产商生产CNG/汽油两用燃料车。轻型卡车、摩托车、三轮车等车型也出现了天然气版的。 Frost&Sullivan公最了一个分析，指出中国的“绿色汽车”之路将经历三个阶段：首先是引进CNG、LPG和混合动力汽 车，中，逐渐过渡到纯电动汽车，长则是将燃料电池汽车为最终解决方案。 为了加速CNG和LPG的推广应用，中国仍需建设更多的加气站，并进一步提高车辆的性能。 中国CNG汽车的应用多数在出租车和公交车上。

印度 印度多个城市的政府部门最颁发法令要求替换不环保的老旧汽车。以Kolkata市为例，到2008年12月前，所有两缸的三轮汽 车必须改装为CNG或LPG车型。后来，此限被延长到今年7月31日。 在Pune市，汽油三轮汽车到2009年4月份前必须改装为CNG或LPG车。到目前，上述车辆仅有10%左右改装成了天然气汽车。Pun e市的运输管理局希望到今年4月底，Pune市和Pimpri-Chinchwad市的所有轿车改装为CNG和LPG汽车，以降低废气污染。 孟买政府要求到2008年底，所有使用时间超过25年的出租车（共7,051辆）要进行更新。目前，这些车辆中仍有很多没有更新。

Bangalore市的很多年轻人建议该城引入CNG公共汽车。他们希望借助天然气汽车改善这座城市的空气质量。 从全国范围看，印度城市燃气管网的扩建计划是：到2011年将有86个城市铺设管网，2013年120个，到2018年则达到250个。 从天然气供应政策看，民用和运输用天然气供应将得到保障，而工业用天然气将受禁止。

伊朗 总部位于德国的Bayerngas公日前宣布，他们将协助伊朗的主要石油公加快建设CNG加气站。Bayerngas公可能为伊朗提 供建设加气站方面的技术人员。预计，该项目涉及100座CNG加气站的建设，可以满足100,000辆车的加气需求。2008年，德国 与伊朗的贸易额达到40亿欧元，是伊朗在欧洲最大的贸易伙伴。

泰国 泰国的天然气车辆改装业务持续繁荣。Sammitr公是泰国汽车零部件主要供应商之一，由于市场上对替代燃料乘用车和皮卡 的需求持续上升，该公扩展其业务领域，开始从事CNG汽车改装部件的生产，其首要客户是丰田汽车公。Sammitr绿色动 力生产线为丰田公的Hilux Vigo皮卡车安装天然气系统部件。该公执行主任Surayut Posirisuk说，公将改装10,000新车中的8%，约为5亿泰铢的收入。预计，该公明年在天然气汽车改装市场的份额将提升 到15%（约11亿泰铢），2011年将达到20%（约16亿泰铢）。在未来5年内，公在天然气汽车改装市场所占份额将达到30%， 他补充说。

Sammitr公计划到今年年底建成8个CNG车辆改装服务中心，到2011年这一数字将提升到50个。该公除提供业的保 服务，还提供对天然气车辆零部件的测和认的一站服务。Sammitr公不仅服务于丰田汽车公，还同时为其他汽车制 造商提供CNG车辆的改装件。

8 June 2009

NGV 계의 신규 목

2009 5 , 7 $54.54/bbl 었다. 이는 지난 3 5의 해지부터 는 배럴당 $50 선 이기 시작했다. 한편 6는 배럴당 USD 50.14 마감했었다. OPEC 올해 평균 수준을USD 50선으 예측했었다. - 배럴당 USD 55. 2010는 를 USD 65/bbl 수준으 예측하고 있으나 그 미칠지는 아직 미지수이다.

아직 세계 시장 경기 회복 대한 확신 없지만 아시아의 NGV시장 꾸준히 성장하고 있다는 것 확신할 수 있다. 중국, 도 및 일본의 몇몇 형 자동차 개조 체들 다시 자동차 홍 활동을 펼치기 시작했으며 신규 NGV모델도 내놓았다.( 자세한 는 다른 페이지 참조)

자동차 개조, 충전 및 파이프라 관련 프젝트는 여러 나라 끊임없이 현실화고 있다.

방글라데시 방글라데시의 개조 성향이 조금씩 바뀌고 있다. 휘 차량의 NGV개조는 경제적 효과의 잇점으 해 꾼준히 사랑받고 있으나 이와는 반대 부 디젤을 Tk 55/liter Tk 44/liter 내리는 바람 디젤 차량의 개조 수는 수량만 그치고 있다. CNG Tk 16.75/kg 그대이다.

중국 중국 아시아 대체 연료 자동차 기술을 재빠게 채택한 국중의 하나 볼 수 있다. 벌써 몇 전부터 중국 CNG-LPG자동차 기술을 사용하고 있다. 게다 는 하이 브리드와 수 연료 자동차도 도입었다. 그뿐 아니라 OEM CNG 버스를 다른 아시아 국들과 남미 수출까지 하고 있으며 천연스 트럭과 트랙터도 생산하기 이렀다. 중국의 자동차 제조 체들이 휘/CNG겸용 차량을 생산하며 형 트럭, 오토바이, 삼륜차 도 천연스 버전이 능하다. Frost & Sullivan의 의하, 중국 그 전의 3계를 경하게 것이다. 현재의 CNG, LPG 그리고 하이브리드(휘-전기)는 그 마일스의 계 해당하며 점차적으 전기 자동차 중 계 이러 마지는 연료 전지 사용계 이를 것으 예하고 있다. 중국 GNG와 LPG자동차 채택 을 이 스 프라와 한 자동차 성능을 고 있 한다. 중국의 있의 CNG차량 대부의 택시와 버스 차지하고 있다.

도 도의 여러 도시 경을 오시는 오 차량들을 다른 차량으 대체하라는 지시 있었다. 는 현재는 기한이 2009 7 31일 연장었지만 이 2개 있는 자동 는 조 2008 12까지 CNG 는 LPG으 체해만 했다.

있는 휘용 자동 는 2009 4까지 CNG나 LPG 개조해 한다. 지금까지 이 중 10%만이 NGV 개조하으나 지방국(RTA) 기오도를 기 한 방으 51일부터 과 프리-드 있는 모 자동차들이 CNG/LPG시스으 경할 것을 기대하고 있다.

한편 바이 부는 7,051대 해당하는 25 이 택시들을 2008 말까지 모두새 차량으 체하라는 지시를 하으나 이들 중 아직 많 택시들이 체지 않 채 행고 있다.

방갈들 방갈 대중 CNG를 개하 그 도시 활동을 펼치고 있다.

도는 전국 도시스 배관망네트워크를 2011까지 86개 도시, 2013까지 120개 도시, 2018까지 250개도시까지 확대한다는 목를 지고 꾸준히 행하고 있다. 이 책의 스급이라 함 산용을 제회한 용과 용만을 의미한다.

이란 독일바이언스 회사 는 이란의 주요 회사 CNG충전 개을 지하겠다고 하다. 곧 바이언스 회사 이란 기술지을 하겠다는 의미이다. 이 프젝트는 100개의 충전 설립하여 100,000대의 NGV 스를 급하게 는 규모이다. 한편 이란과 독일 2008 의 € 40억 의 역이 이루졌으며 현재까지 독일 이란의 핵심 럽 역 파트너이다.

태국 태국의 개조 사 여전히 전망이 밝다. 대체 연료를 사용하는 자동차 및 픽 트럭의 수요 증함 라 태국의 자동차 부품 제조의 선두 체 삼미트 모터스 회사는 토요를 주 고객으 하며 CNG개조 트 사 뛰들었다. 신규 즈니스의 생산라 삼미트 그 파워는 이 조립장 토요 히루스 뷔고 픽 트럭 CNG트를 장착 하고 있다.이 회사의 이사 Surayut Posirisuk는 신차 10,000대 중 50억 THB 규모 해당하는 중 8%를 CNG차량으 개조하겠다는 목를 세우고 있다. 한 이 체의 CNG개조 시장 점을 내까지 15%( 11억 THB) 승, 2011까지는 20%승(16억 THB) 예하고 있다. 그는 5 후는 30%까지 승하게 것이라는 포부를 덧붙다.

이 회사는 올해 말까지 8개의 개조 장과 스 센터를 행할 계획이며 2011까지는 50개 이 행할 계획을 고있다. 한 개조 스케쥴 관리 스, 수리, 와 NGV부품테스트 및 증을 한 스탑 스를 제하게 다. 삼미트는 토요 뿐 아니라 다른 자동차 회사도 CNG트 급이 능하다.

10 June 2009

ＮＧＶビジネスの各国最新動向

２００９年５月初旬からの最新原油価格によると、ニューヨーク商業取引所の７月原油先物取引価格は１バレル５４.５４米ドルまで上昇し た。３月に５月分先物取引が行われて以来、１バレル５０米ドルを越えた。６月の原油先物取引価格は５０.１４米ドルであった。今年の 予測される平均原油価格は１バレル５０から５５米ドルである。２０１０年には原油価格が１バレル６５米ドルになるだろうと予測されている。

世界経済はまだ不況から復活してない。しかしながら、アジアにおけるＮＧＶビジネスは依然順調である。中国、インド、日本のライトデ ューティー車メーカーが市場に戻ってきており、新しいＮＧＶモデルを投入している。（詳細は本誌関連記事を参照）

ＣＮＧ車改造、天然ガススタンドおよびガスパイプラインに関するプロジェクトがさまざまな国で実現し続けている。 バングラディシュ バングラディシュにおけるＣＮＧ車改造の傾向が少し変化している。ガソリン車からＮＧＶへの改造はまだコストメリットがあると考えられ ている。反対にディーゼル車のＮＧＶへの改造は、政府が軽油価格を１リットルあたり５５タカから４４タカに値下げしたためコストメリット が少なくなっている。ＣＮＧ価格はまだ１ｋｇ１６.７５タカである。 中国 中国はアジアにおいて代替燃料車の技術を早期に受け入れた国の一つであると言える。すでにこの数年間で中国はＣＮＧ車やＬＰＧ 車の技術を利用している。そして最近はハイブリッド車や水素自動車の技術が導入された。中国は他のアジア諸国や南アメリカ諸国 にＯＥＭのＣＮＧバスを輸出している。それとは別に天然ガス仕様のトラックやトラクターも製造している。ライトデューティートラック、オ ートバイ、三輪車も天然ガスバージョンがある。 市場調査会社のフロスト＆サリバン社による最近の分析では、中国ではグリーンカーの開発に３つの段階があると考えられている。Ｃ ＮＧ車，ＬＰＧ車そしてガソリン電気駆動のハイブリッド車は第１段階である。長期的にはしだいに第２段階で電気自動車に移行し、最 終段階では燃料電池車を目指している。 中国でのＣＮＧ車やＬＰＧ車の普及速度を上げるために都市ガスのインフラや改良された車両性が要である。中国でのＣＮＧ車 導入はタクシーやバスが主要な導入先である。 インド インドのいくつかの市当局は最近、老朽化した車両あるいは環境にやさしくない車両の更新を義務付けている。カルカッタでは、２スト ロークエンジンのすべての三輪車は２００８年１２月までにＣＮＧかＬＰＧに改造しなければならなかった。そして後に、２００９年７月末ま でその期限が延長された。

プネでは２００９年４月までにガソリンの三輪車をＣＮＧかＬＰＧに改造しなければならない。これまでに１０％ほどがＮＧＶに改造された 。プネ市交通局は、プネとピンプリ地域の大気改善のため５月１日からすべての車両をＣＮＧ／ＬＰＧに改造したいと考えている。

ムンバイ政府は２５年以上経過したすべてのタクシー、７,０５１台を２００８年末までに廃止するよう求めていた、これらの多くは新しい車 両に更新されている。

若いバンガロール市民は、バンガロール市の公共交通機関にＣＮＧを導入するよう活動した。彼らはこのことが市の大気改善に寄与 することを希望している。

全国的に都市ガス普及範囲の拡大が続けられている。２０１１年には８６都市、２０１３年には１２０都市、２０１８年には２５０都市の都市 ガスパイプラインが整備され、利用できるよう目標が設けられている。ガス供給は政策的に産業用での利用は禁じられており、家庭用 および輸送用に限定されている。 イラン ドイツのバイエルンガスはＣＮＧスタンド整備にイランの主要石油会社を支援すると発表した。バイエルンガスは技術者をＣＮＧスタンド 設置のために派遣する予定である。このプロジェクトは１０万台のＮＧＶのために１００ヶ所のＣＮＧスタンド設置が含まれている。２００８ 年の貿易額が４０億ユーロでドイツがイラン最大の貿易国となった。 タイ タイのＣＮＧ改造ビジネスは順調を続けている。乗用車やピックアップトラックの代替燃料車の需要は依然増加しているので、タイの自 動車部品主要メーカーの一つであるSammitr Motors Manufactureing社は、最大の顧客であるトヨタ自動車と共にＣＮＧ車改造キットビジネスに参入することでビジネスを拡大している。新し いビジネス、Sammitr Green Power 社は組立工場でトヨタハイラックスビーピックアップトラックにＣＮＧキットを取り付けている。 １万台の新車の８％をＣＮＧ改造する、売上げで５億バーツを目標にしているとSurayut Posirisuk 取締役は語った。 ＣＮＧ改造における同社の市場占有率は来年１５％（１１億バーツ）、そして２０１１年までに２０％（１６億バーツ）まで増やすことを期待 している。その次の５年間に３０％まで新車のＣＮＧ改造市場占有率を増加させると語った。

今年末までに８ヶ所のＣＮＧ改造工場を新たにオープンさせる計画があり、２０１１年までに５０ヶ所以上に増やす予定である。また、車 検、修理、メンテナンスそしてＮＧＶ機器を試験や認証までワンストップサービスを行う計画がある。トヨタ自動車とは別にSamimitr社は 他の自動車メーカーにもＣＮＧキットを供給している。

12 June 2009 June 2009 13 14 June 2009 June 2009 15 16 June 2009

Target dan prediksi terbaru dari industri NGV Menurut penjualan minyak di New York Di analisi terbaru Frost & Sullivan, 2013, dan 250 kota pada tahun 2018. Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) awal Mei perusahaan ini memprediksikan bahwa Suply gas dari infrastruktur ini akn lalu, harga minyak yang akan dikirim Cina akan mengalami tiga fase di digunakan secara eksklusif bagi pada bulan Juli meningkat menjadi USD bidang kendaraan ramah lingkungan. penggunaan di sektor domestic 54.54/barel (bbl). Sejak bulan Maret, Kendaraan berbahan bakar CNG, LPG (perumahan) dan transport dan bukan harga minyak bagi pengiriman bulan dan hybrid (bensin-elektik) termasuk bagi sektor industri. Mei mencapai USD50/bbl. Trading bagi dalam fase pertama. Dipredeksikan pengiriman bulan Juni ditutup dengan bahwa teknologi ini akn beralih pada Iran harga USD 50.14/bbl. Target harga teknologi mobil elektrik di fase kedua, Bayerngas dari Jerman telah rata-rata minyak di tahun ini ditetapkan sedangkan fuel cell akna menjadi solusi mengumumkan bahwa perusahaan ini pada level USD 50 (menurut OPEC) – final dalam jangka panjang. akn membantu perusahaan minyak USD 55 per barel, sedangkan target Untuk memprecepat pengadopsian utama Iran dalam rangka pengembangan tahun depan adalah USD 65/bbl. kendaraan CNG dan LPG, dibutuhkan stasiun bahan bakar gas (BBG). lebih banyak infrastruktur gas lagi dan Bayerngas mungkin akan menyuply ahli Meskipun kepercayaan terhadap pasar performance kendarran yang lebih baik. teknik bagi instalasi stasiun-stasiun global masih belum pulih, industri NGV Aplikasi CNG di transport sektor iniProyek ini melibatkan 100 stasiun di Asia masih menunjukkan perkemban- banyak ditemui di taxi dan bus. CNG (BBG) yang dapat menawarkan gan. Beberapa pabrik mobil (OEM fasilitas pengisian BBG bagi 100,000 NGVs) dari Cina, India dan Jepang India NGVs. Dengan perdagangan senilai € 4 kembali mempromosikan koleksi NGV Akhir-akhir ini, pemerintahan daerah dari billiun antara Iran-Jerman di tahun mereka dan telah mengeluarkan koleksi beberapa kota di India mengluarkan 2008, Jerman menjadi partner dagang NGV baru (lihat artikel khusus tentang peraturan bagi penggantian kendaraan Eropa terbesar Iran selama ini. OEM NGVs di halaman lain pada edisi ini). tua dan yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Di Kalkuta, semua autorickshaw Tailand Modifikasi (konversi) kendaraan, dan bermotor 2-tak harus dikonvert menjadi Bisnis konversi kendaraan di Tailand proyek-proyek sehubungan dengan kendaraan CNG atau LPG sebelum masih menjanjikan. Dengan meningkatnya tank stasiun dan gas pipelines tetap aktif awal 2009. Deadline ini diperpanjang permintaan di segment mobil dan diimplementasikan di berbagai negara. menjadi 31 July 2009. pick-up berbahan bakar alternative, Sammitr Motors Manufacturing, salah Bangladesh Di Pune, autorickshaw bensin harus satu pemasok component mobil Trend dari modifikasi kendaraan di dikonvert ke sistem CNG atau LPG terbesar di Tailand, mendeversifikasikan negara ini telah mengalami sedikit deangan deadline pada bulan April bisnisnya dan memasuki bisnis konversi perubahan. Konversi dari kendaraan 2009. Sejauh ini, hanya 10% dari CNG dengan Toyota sebagai klien berbahan bakar bensin menjadi NGV seluruh autorikshaw dimodifikasikan ke tamanya. Cabang bisnis baru ini, masih dinilai cost effektif. Di lain pihak, teknologi CNG. Untuk menurunkan Sammitr Green Power, telah menginstal jumlah konversi kendaraan diesel pada tingkat polusi udara, Regional Transport CNG kits di Toyota Hilux Vigo pick-up di akhir-akhir ini sangatlah minim. Hal ini Authority (RTA) di Pune juga menginginkan pabrik assemblynya. Perusahaan ini terjadi setelah pemerintah menurunkan bahwa semua mobil di Pune dan Pimpri- menargetkan untuk memodifikasi 8% harga disel dari Tk 55/liter ke Tk 44/liter. Chinchwad dimodifikasikan ke teknologi dari 10,000 mobil baru dengan nilai Harga CNG tetap Tk 16.75/kg. CNG/LPG sejak 1 May tahun ini. setaraf THB 500 million sales, menurut Sammitr managing director Surayut Cina Pemerintah Mumbai telah menghimbau Posirisuk. Market share perusahan ini di Negara ini dapat disebut sebagai salah agar semua taxi berumur lebih dari 25 bidang konversi CNG diharapkan satu dari early adopters di bidang (dengan total populasi 7,051 unit) meningkat tahun menjadi 15% (THB 1.1 teknologi kendaraan berbahan bakar ditarik dari pengopersian sejak akhir billiun) dan 20% (THB 1.6 billiun) di tahun alternatif dari benua Asia. Cina telah tahun 2008. Meskipun demikian, 2011. Dalam lima tahun mendatang, menggunakan teknologi kendaraan mayoritas dari kendaraan ini masih market sharenya di segment converse CNG dan LPG selama beberapa tahun. harus di-inaktifkan. mobil baru ke NGVs diharapkan naik Akhir-akhir ini, Cina mengadopsi menjadi 30%, kata Posirisuk. teknologi hybrid dan hydrogen. Cina Dalm rangka pewujudan ”kota hijau, bahkan mengekspor OEM CNG busnya pemuda-pemudi Bangalore Perusahaan ini berencana untuk ke negara Asia lainnya dan ke Amerika mengusulkan agar CNG digunakan di membuka delapan unit pusat konversi Selatan. Selain itu, truk dan traktor transport umum di Bangalore. Mereka CNG dan servis center dia akhir 2009, berbahan bakar gas juga diproduksi di berharap bahwa hal ini akan ddengan total 50 unit di tahun 2011. negara ini. Pabrik mobil memproduksi memperbaiki kualitas udara. Regular service berskedul, pembetulan mobil dengan bahan bakar bifuel Pada tingkat nasional, pengembangan dan pemeliharaan, juga one-stop servis CNG/bensin. Truk-truk bermesin ringan, network gas kota aktif digalakkan. untuk mengetes dan menyertifikasikan sepeda motor dan try-cycles berbahan Menurut target pengembangan, 86 kota komponen NGV juga ditawarkan. Selain bakar gas buatan pabrik Cina juga akan mempunyai gas infrastruktur pada memasok Toyota, Samittr juga menyupply tersedia. tahun 2011, 120 kota pada tahun CNG kits bagi perusahaan mobil lainnya. June 2009 17 18 June 2009

เปาหมายและการคาดการณลาสุดในธุรกิจเอ็นจีวี

ราคานำมันลาสุดเมือตนเดือนพฤษาคมปีนี ตามสัญญานำมันดิบตลาดนิวยอรค (New York Mercantile Exchange) สงมอบเดือนม.ิ ย. เพิมขึนเป็น 54.54 ดอลลาร/ บารเรล โดยราคาแตะที 50 ดอลลาร/ บารเรล ตังแตเดือนม.ี ค.เมือมีสัญญาสงมอบเดือนพ.ค. สวนสัญญาสงมอบเดือนม.ิ ย.ปิดที 50.14 ดอลลาร/ บารเรล ราคานำมันโดยเฉลียของปีนีคาดวาจะอยูที 50 - 55 ดอลลาร/ บารเรล (OPEC) เรายังไมเห็นเลยวาราคานำมันจะแตะทีระดับ 65 ดอลลาร/ บารเรล ในปี 2010 ตามทีคาดการณไวหรือไม

แมวาความมันใจในตลาดโลกจะยังไมกลับคืนมา แตอุตสาหกรรมเอ็นจีวีในเอเชียยังคงเดินหนาตอไป ซึงมีผูผลิตรถยนตขนาดเล็กหลายราย ทังจากจีน อินเดีย และญีปุนไดกลับมาทำตลาดเพือโปรโมทรถ และแนะนำรถเอ็นจีวีรุนใหมๆสูตลาดดวย (อานเพิมเติมไดในฉบับน)ี

สวนโครงการทีเกียวของกับการดัดแปลงรถใหมาใชกาซ การสรางสถานีเติมกาซ และการวางทอกาซ ยังคงดำเนินอยูตามทีตังเปาหมายไวในหลายๆ ประเทศ บังกลาเทศ แนวโนมการดัดแปลงรถในบังกลาเทศมีการเปลียนแปลงเล็กนอย สำหรับการดัดแปลงรถทีใชเบนซินใหมาติดตังเอ็นจีวียังคงราคาไมสูงมากนัก แตวาการดัดแปลงรถดีเซลกลับมีจำนวนตำทีสุดตังแตรัฐบาลลดราคาดีเซลจาก 55 ตากาตอลิตร เหลือ 44 ตากาตอลิตร สวนราคาเอ็นจีวีนันยังคงอยูที 16.75 ตากาตอกก. จีน กลาวไดวาจีนเป็นประเทศแรกๆ ทีนำเทคโนโลยีรถพลังงานทางเลือกมาใชในเอเชีย หลายปีมาแลวทีจีนไดใชเทคโนโลยีรถเอ็นจีวีและแอลพีจี และเมือเร็วๆนี ก็ไดมีการแนะนำเทคโนโลยีรถไฮบริดและไฮโดรเจนในประเทศดวย ยิงไปกวานันจีนไดสงออกรถบัสเอ็นจีวี (OEM) ไปยังประเทศอืนๆ ทังในเอเชียและอเมริกาใตดวย สวนรถบรรทุกและหัวลากเอ็นจีวีก็ไดผลิตขึนในประเทศนี ผูผลิตรถยนตไดผลิตรถทีใชระบบ Bifuel ใชเชือเพลิงเอ็นจีวีและเบนซินสวนรถบรรทุกขนาดเล็ก รถจักรยานยนต และรถสามลอก็มีในรูปแบบเอ็นจีวีแลวเชนกัน

เมือไมนานมาน ี Frost & Sullivan ไดวิเคราะหวาจีนจะมีประสบการณ 3 ชวงสำหรับการพัฒนารถ “สีเขียว” (Green Cars) ชวงแรกคือ รถทีใชเอ็นจีวี แอลพีจี และไฮบริด (เบนซิน-ไฟฟา) ซึงมีความสำคัญอยูในขณะนี สวนชวงทีสองจะคอยๆ เปลียนเป็นรถทีใชไฟฟา และชวงสุดทายคือการใชเซลลเชือเพลิงในระยะยาว

เพือเรงอัตราการขยายตัวสำหรับรถทีใชเอ็นจีวีและแอลพีจีใหเร็วขึนในประเทศนี ทำใหจำเป็นทีจะตองมีโครงสรางพืนฐานตางๆ สำหรับกาซ และการปรับปรุงสมรรถนะของยานยนต ทางดานการขอใชรถเอ ็นจีวีในภาคขนสงสวนใหญจะเป็นรถแท็กซีและรถบัส อินเดีย ทางการในหลายๆ เมืองของประเทศอินเดียเมือเร็วๆ นี ไดออกกฎบังคับใหแทนทีรถเกาหรือรถทีไมเป็นมิตรกับสิงแวดลอม อยางเชนทีเมือง Kolkata บรรดารถสามลอเครีอง 2 จังหวะ ตองถูกดัดแปลงเครืองยนตใหมาใช CNG หรือ LPG ทังหมดภายในเดือนธันวาคม ปี 2008 และลาสุดไดขยายเวลาไปจนถึงวันที 31 กรกฎาคม ปี 2009

เมือง Pune รถสามลอเครืองทียังใชนำมันอยูตองเปลียนมาใช CNG หรือ LPG กอนเดือนเมษายน ปี 2009 แตจนกระทังปัจจุบันนี มีแค 10 % เทานันทีไดถูกดัดแปลงมาใชกาซเอ็นจีวีแลว กรมการขนสงของเมือง Pune ก็ตองการใหรถทุกคันในเมือง Pune และเมือง Pimpri-Chinchwad เปลียนมาใชระบบ CNG หรือ LPG ตังแตวันที 1 พฤษภาคมเป็นตนไป เพือลดมลพิษทางอากาศใหอยูในระดับตำ

ทางการของเมือง Mumbai ไดขอรองใหรถแทกซีทีมีอายุการใชงานมากกวา 25 ปี จำนวน 7,051 คันใหหยุดการใชงานภายในสินปี 2008 แตรถแทกซีเหลานีหลายคันยังคงไมไดเปลียนมาใชรถแทกซีคันใหม คนหนุมสาวในเมืองบังกาลอร ไดเรียกรองใหทางการดำเนินโครงการเมืองสีเขียว โดยเสนอใหใชรถโดยสารเอ็นจีวี ในเมือง Bangalore พวกเขาหวังวาสิงนีจะชวยใหคุณภาพอากาศในเมือง Bangalore ดีขึน

สำหรับโครงการทัวทังประเทศ การขยายเครือขายแจกจายกาซใหคลอบคลุมเมืองตางๆ ยังคงดำเนินตอไป ตามเปาหมายทีตังไวที 86 เมือง ซึงจะวางทอกาซใหคลอบคลุมใหไดภายในปี 2011 และเป็น 120 เมืองในปี 2013 และเพิมเป็น 250 เมืองในปี 2018 การจัดเตรียมกาซนีจะใหเฉพาะการใชในครัวเรือน (PNG) และในภาคขนสง (CNG) สวนภาคอุตสาหกรรมจะไมไดรวมอยูในโครงการนี อิหราน บริษัท Bayerngas จากประเทศเยอรมัน ประกาศวาพวกเขาจะใหความชวยเหลือบริษัทนำมันหลักของอิหรานในเรืองของการพัฒนาสถานีเติมกาซ โดยทางบริษัท Bayerngas จะใหการสนับสนุนดานชางเทคนิคสำหรับสรางสถานีจำหนายกาซ ซึงโครงการนีจะเกียวของกับการสรางสถานีจำหนายกาซเอ็นจีวี 100 แหงเพือรองรับปริมาณรถเอ็นจีวี 100,000 คันดวยมูลคาทางการคาเกือบ 4 พันลานยูโรกับอิหราน ในปี 2008 ทำใหเยอรมันนีเป็นคูคาจากยุโรปรายใหญทีสุดของอิหรานในปัจจุบัน ประเทศไทย ธุรกิจดัดแปลงรถมาใชกาซกำลังไปไดดีในประเทศไทย อันเนืองมาจากความตองการใชพลังงานทางเลือกในรถสวนบุคคลและรถปิกอัพพุงสูงขึน ทำใหบริษัทสามมิตร มอเตอร หนึงในผูนำดานการผลิตชินสวนยานยนตในไทยไดแตกไลนธุรกิจใหมกาวเขาสูธุรกิจอุปกรณระบบเอ็นจีวี โดยมีโตโยตาเป็นฐานลูกคารายใหญ จึงเกิดบริษัท Sammitr Green Power ขึนซึงไดติดตังอุปกรณระบบเอ็นจีวีในรถกระบะของโตโยตารุนไฮลักซ วีโก ทีโรงงานประกอบรถของสามมิตรเอง นายสุรยุทธิ โพธิศิริสุข กรรมการผูจัดการ กลาววาเปาหมายในการดัดแปลงรถใหใชเอ ็นจีวีคือ 8% ในจำนวนรถใหม 10,000 คันคิดเป็นมูลคามากถึง 500 ลานบาท ทางดานสวนแบงทางการตลาดของการดัดแปลงเครืองแบบ Retrofit คาดการณเอาไววาจะมีกำไรเพิมเป็น 15% ( 1.1 พันลานบาท) ในปีหนา และเป็น 20 % (1.6 พันลานบาท) ในปี 2011 และในอีก 5 ปีตอจากนีสวนแบงทางการตลาดของรถเอ็นจีวีใหมทีดัดแปลงแบบ Retrofit คาดวาจะไตขึนไปถึง 30 %

บริษัทวางแผนทีจะเปิดศูนยติดตังเอ็นจีวีและบริการหลังการขาย 8 แหงภายในปีนี และจะเพิมขึนอีกกวา 50 ศูนยภายในปี 2011 โดยทางบริษัทสามมิตรไดเสนอตารางการใหบริการ การซอมบำรุง รวมถึงบริการในรูปแบบ One-Stop Service เพือทดสอบและรับรองอุปกรณเอ็นจีวีดวย และนอกจากทีทางสามมิตรจะจัดหาอุปกรณระบบเอ็นจีวีใหกับโตโยตาแลวยังไดจัดเตรียมชุดอุปกรณนี สำหรับผูผลิตรถยนตรายอืนๆ อีกดวย./ June 2009 19 20 June 2009 Crude oil continued to increase in early May, touching USD 60/bbl

In early May, big funds anticipated that the worst of economic recession was over. As investment started flowing heavily into commodities during the first week of May, optimism about economy recovery increased. Consequently, energy prices at the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) continued to increase with natural gas price reaching above USD 4/MMbtu and crude oil touching USD 56/bbl by May the 7th.

During early trading on May 8th, crude oil contract reached USD 58/bbl. On May 12th, oil price touched USD 60/bbl during intraday trading. Two days later, the price for the June contract fell to USD 58.02/bbl and to USD 58.97/bbl for the July delivery.

However, some analysts believe that this should be considered as a premature rise in oil prices in terms of oil In June contract for benchmark US light, SWEET crudes market fundamentals, meaning that this year oil price could topped at USD 58.57/bbl in May 7th and closed at USD go downward again. 56.71/bblin the NYMEX. The July contract hit USD 54.54/bbl and later rose to USD Although according to the preliminary March oil sales data for 58.02/bbl. On May 12th, oil price hit USD 60.08/bbl before the six main Organization for Economic Cooperation and closing at USD58.85/bbl, the highest so far in this year. Development markets as well as South Korea showed a While in earlier trading dates, also by the beginning of May, decline trend, on the contrary, domestic oil sales in India grew crude oil contract for June delivery cost USD 50.14/bbl and by 3.9%. Oil demand in China also went down by 0.3%, yet, USD 54.54/bbl for July delivery (see also the main editorial at new car sales were up by 10% due to Beijing's auto tax cut. page 4 in this edition). On May 7th, the average price for OPEC's basket of 12 reference crudes increased by USD 1.96 to USD 56.05/bbl.

This average price increased further to USD 56.76/bbl On 12a Conferenza ed Esposizione fieristica dell’Associazione Internazionale dei Veicoli a Gas Naturale - IANGV 12th Conference and Exhibition of the International May 12th, and to USD 57.16/bbl on the 14th. It shows that Association for Natural Gas Vehicles - IANGV oil price increase has been steadily increasing for the several Dal 8 al 10 giugno 2010 days in beginning of May. However, the world is yet to see June 8-10, 2010 whether petroleum price will continue to escalate in a more Nuova Fiera di Roma New Rome Fair permanent basis. Padiglioni 9, 10 e area esterna Pavilions 9, 10 and outdoor area Roma, Italia Rome, Italy Apart from the recent rate of investment in commodities, other factor pushing up the price tag include the Energy Information Administration’s prediction that the benchmark La soluzione attuale US oil price will average USD 55/bbl for the rest of 2009 and USD 58/bbl in 2010—or USD 65/bbl according to more opti- per un trasporto migliore mist prediction by energy analysts--as well as the cut in oil Today's solution production of the OPEC countries. Recent prediction for sustainable transportation For the 2009 global oil demand, the International Energy Agency has lowered its outlook by 200,000 barrel/day to an average of 83.2 M barrel/day which is about 3% lower than the previous year’s demand.

Meanwhile the forecasted 2009 oil demand for the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries (OECD) has been decreased to 45.1 M barrel/day. Un evento di Ospitato da Organizzato da An event of Hosted by Organized by The demand from non –OECD countries is predicted to aver- age 38.1 M barrel/day, 140,000 barrel/day less than in 2008. www.ngv2010roma.com [email protected] IEA’s 2009 oil demand forecast is consistent with recent patterns of economic activity. The Agency assumes that the global economy will recover in 2010 at the earliest. June 2009 21 Old taxi replacement projects in Greater Cairo

Under the Egyptian traffic law 121/2008, which came into effect last August, owners of 20 years old taxis have until August of 2011 to replace their vehicles with newer cars, preferably with more environmentally friendly cars that run on natural gas. Accordingly, the Government of Egypt launched a new taxi project in Greater Cairo where the taxi replacement has been taking into effect from April 2009 to August 2011. The first 40 new taxis were delivered on Wednesday 8 April 2009. This project in Greater Cairo will be implemented in several areas including Cairo governorate, part of Giza and part of Qaluobyia governates. The Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs estimated there are over 70,000 taxis older than 20 years operating in Cairo alone. So far, 7,000 taxi owners have applied for loans to renew their vehicles. The government has approved five models of taxis Data by: Dr. Waleed Samir, Managing Director, Clean Power for Natural Gas s.a.e. assembled in Egypt to replace the old vehicles. Those models consist of Daewoo Motor’s Speranza (the Chinese brand is called Chery) CNG A516 and A113, Hyundai Verna powered About Daewoo Motors Egypt by gasoline or CNG, and the gasoline-powered Russian Lada Daewoo Motor Egypt (DME) is a sister company of Clean , Peugeot Pars and General Motor’s Lanos. Advance CNG Power for Natural Gas s.a.e. Both companies belong to conversion technology and high quality cylinders are used in Aboul Fotouh Group. Among the various business Aboul Speranza CNG. Fotouh is involved, the Group manufactures and distributes automotives. Financing To encourage the owners of old taxis to replace their cars, Daewoo Egypt Motor Building-Osman Tower, Cornish El-Nile - the above-mentioned car manufacturers offer cheap cars plus Maadi, Cairo, Egypt, [email protected] LE 2,000-LE 5,000 discounts. The remaining cost of the new car – which is more than LE 50,000 -- will be settled in a form of a bank loan. Several banks agreed to offer a fix interest rate of 6.25% for the purchase of new taxis and the Ministry of Finance (MOF) decided to offer sales tax waiver to the taxi owners. Additionally, the MOF has granted LE 100 monthly allowance to these taxi owners to help them paying the settlements in several instalments. The MOF has also made a deal with advertising agencies. They will pay LE 550/month to place ads on taxis. The rev- enue will be deducted from the monthly instalments that the drivers pay. This means that a locally assembled 1300cc car will cost as little as LE 390/month for a Speranza (Chery) A113 CNG, while 1600cc vehicles such as Peugeot gasoline car will cost LE 1,205/month. Although owners of old taxis can replace their vehicles with either natural gas or gasoline cars, these owners might prefer the CNG-powered ones as CNG price is much cheaper than gasoline. In Cairo, 1 cubic metre CNG costs 0.45 LE, while 90 Octane gasoline costs 1.75 LE/litre and 92 Octane gaso- line costs 1.85 LE/litre. On the other hand, the Minister of Interior confirms that traffic authorities will no longer renew the license of any taxi older than 20 years. The Russian-made Lada 1300s, Romanian Dacia 1300s, Italian Fiat 1300s, French Peugeot 504 and Turkish Shahins which now dominate Cairo's congested streets will soon be a thing of the past. The Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs expects the new environmentally friendly taxis to reduce emissions of CO by more than 20,000 tonnes/year and NO2 by 2,000 tonnes/year which lead to better environment to the society and nice image to Cairo. 22 June 2009 Targets to increase natural gas vehicle and refuelling station population

Target* Country Refuelling Remarks Year NGV station Worldwide Asia, Africa, America, Europe 2020 50 million ASIA 2020 A 20% petroleum fuel replacement by 2020. 5% of total vehicle ANGVA target 2010 5% of total Asian vehicle population uses CNG population in Asia 10%-20% of total Summary of fuel use in vehicle in Asia: t-10% NG, 8% 2020 vehicle population biomethane and 2% Hydrogen 35% of total vehicle Fuel use in vehicle: 20% Biomethane, 13% NG and 2% 2030 population Hydrogen (?) WEST ASIA Egypt 2012 300.000 390 SOUTH ASIA Bangladesh 2020 371.000 600 ( by 2015) In 2009, GAIL has outlined a big investment to build 2,000 India - 2.400 more CNG stations Monthly conversion: 20,000 vehicles. Plan for 2010: to produce 550,000 OEM bifuel, 667,000 dedicated OEM Iran 2009 >1.2 million 1.800 CNGVs (LDV market). Anticipated NG bus population by 2010: 20.000 units.

>1,2 million (by 2009, Pakistan exceeding its Included in the total target, 8,000 CNG buses should be Pakistan 2010 target and reported to added soon (2009-2010). have 2 million NGVs)

Syria aims to adopt NGVs in the country althouhg no dedaline Syria - is set. RUSSIA AND CENTRAL ASIA About 250 more stations and some full service stations are expected. Russia - 465 Armenia, Russia and Ukraine are targeting to have 1 million NGVs and 1,000 fuelling stations by 2020. Armenia About 10,000 NGVs/year would be added EAST ASIA About 300-350 more NG stations are expected to be added China 2010 500.000 every year. Korea 2010 23.020 410 Still focused at HDV market SOUTH EAST ASIA Brunei aims to join NGV countries and convert (gasoline) Brunei Darussalam 2009 1 vehicels to NGVs by 2009. One station and a conversion workshop are expected to be opened this year. From the noted number (15,250 CNG three wheelers), about Indonesia - 15,250+ 19+ 15,000 more units will be added in the future. An increase of 100 NGVs (buses)/year is anticipated. Malaysia 2010 50.000 200 Revised target 2007: 60.850 NGVs and 270 stations. Target Thailand 2012 220.375 595 2011: 256.600 NGVs and 545 stations. Myanmar - 40 Apart from the noted NGV target, 1,000 moe NGVs might be Singapore 2009 4,000-5,000 taxis 5 added to the Changi Airport vehicle fleet. The decision to employ this clean fleet, however, is not determined yet. Vietnam (2009-2010) 500 CNG buses THE PACIFIC In New South Wales, 255 Mercedes CNG buses were ordered Australia for 2006-2011 Note: *Total targeted NGVs and/or natural gas refuelling stations population (rounded up) and/or oil replacement. Those are calculated based on the current numbers plus the additional targeted population. June 2009 23 24 June 2009 OEM NGVs New OEM NGVs and concept car

Citroën C-Elysee Hyundai Santro Xing Chevrolet Aveo

Japan-based Mitsubishi Motors has km on 51-litre tank and one 12.4-cubic 14,000/trucks over 100,000 km improved its Minicab Van by converting metre gas cylinder. compared to diesel equivalents. it to CNG-powered one. The van is equipped with a 660 cc engine, an 81- Isuzu Trucks will launch four ultra-low From other regions litre tank, and can travel up to 290 km emission CNG trucks in Australia in next Foton America showed a Chinese built on a single fill-up. The van is available in few months. CNG Transit Bus during the Alternative two-seater and four-seater models. It Fuels and Vehicles National Conference has an automatic transmission and The four variants are NLR 200, NPR & Expo in Orlando City last April. The two-wheel drive. 300, FSR 700 and FSR 850. Isuzu will vehicle is regarded as a CNG bus with The new CNG model has 20% better be the sole distributor in Australia to enough US components to satisfy the fuel economy compared to the gasoline offer factory-backed CNG trucks. The “Buy America” requirement for version, and produces 15% less CO2 trucks—which mother company is Federally-funded agencies. emission. As an eco-car, the CNG based in Japan-- exceed Japanese Minicab Van is 100% exempt from New Long Term 05 (equivalent to EURO On the same occasion, USA-based automobile acquisition and weight 5 norm) emission norms. lawn mower manufacturer Dixie taxes. Mitsubishi aims to sell 90 units of This standard is still to be in force in Chopper introduced Xcaliber Eco-Eagle this vehicle per year, primarily to Australia by 2011. In the areas of PM CNG-powered lawn mower. municipalities and businesses. and NOx emission, the trucks go beyond EURO4 emission standards. This “clean” mower could help India’s largest car company by vehicle Isuzu CNG technology is currently on improving air quality as cutting grass for sales, Maruti Suzuki, continues working trial with a leading multinational fleet, an hour with a gasoline mower delivers on its alternative fuel vehicles collection and is receiving positive feedback. air pollution almost equivalent to driving and plans to launch three or four (gasoline-powered) car for 560 km. models of electric and CNG variants. It is expected that CNG trucks will The CNG variants are expected to be appeal to owners of private and In the LNG sector, Kenworth offers launched in 2010 or 2011. government fleets, especially since the T800 LNG truck which is now available Australia government will introduce for factory order and production. With General Motors India is looking forward emission trading scheme in 2010. 15 litre engine, it provides 450 hp and to launching Chevrolet Aveo UV-A and 1,650 lb-ft torque with 480-805 km Chevrolet Aveo in CNG and/or LPG Isuzu introduced the CNG truck driving range. Kenworth was the first version within this year. Meanwhile technology for the first time in Japan truck manufacturer to offer an LNG fuel Hyundai Santro will get a face lift by end in 1991 and started mass production system as a Class-8 factory-installed 2009. Hyundai Santro Xing is currently in 1998. So far, 10,000 units have option. also available in CNG version. been sold. In Australia, Isuzu NPR 400s was In Germany, Mercedes Benz (MB) has Citroën C-Elysee CNG, which was imported in 2005. The New South conducted several tests on its new launched in September 2008 in China, Wales’ Gosford City Council, which concept car in its SLK class (roadster) has become a market favourite with operated 6 of these trucks, reported powered by CNG. The tests were nearly 5,000 monthly sales and a record that despite using older CNG engine aimed to show the potential of CNG car performance in March 2009 with 7,300 technology with a carburetor-style mixer that has a high performance and at the units sold, placing it third in the as opposed to injection system, the same time, a lower emission level. segment. The Elysee CNG recently set trucks delivered adequate performance MB’s Concept CNG SLK is equipped an environmental record driving: 1,756 and a running cost saving of about AUD with new fuel-injection and exhaust June 2009 25 OEM NGVs

Isuzu ELF Isuzu NPR Mitsubishi Mini Van system. The 2.0 litre four-cylinder By end April this year, German-based world’s fastest NGV and made it to the engine develops up to 196hp (146 kW) TÜV Rheinland Group and TÜV Guinness Book. and a maximum torque of 200 lb-ft Saarland Automobil GmbH presented On the other hand, on May 23rd-24th, (270Nm). The fuel consumption is 5.6 Audi A4 model that has been Volkswagen unleasead Scirocco GT-24 kg CNG per 100 km while it emits less converted to CNG system at the F1 CNG at the Nürburgring track for the than 150g CO2 per km. As a roadster, racetrack at the Nürburgring in annual 24 hour endurance event. this sport car has two seats. Germany. The Scirocco is powered by 2.0-liter turbocharged CNG engine which The fuel consumption is 5.6 kg CNG The car recorded a top speed of 364.6 produces about 300 horsepower and per 100 km while it emits less than km/hour and therefore was certified as 350 Nm of torque. 150g CO2 per km. The SLK CNG accelerates from 0 to 100 km/our in 7.8 seconds. It has a top speed of 244 km/hour (152 mph). Other alternative fuel vehicles Opel Germany is developing a CNG/electric hybrid drive system in Form the competitor side, this year price tag for this car is expected to cooperation with Bosch—supplier of the Dutch Road Transport be around €40,000. The maximum car components-- and the University of Department (de Rijksdienst voor speed of the car is 100 km/hour. Stuttgart. het Wegverkeer) has approved the The driving range is around 180 km The prototype of this hybrid CNG is electric-powered TH!NK City car— with full battery. Depending on the produced based on an Astra Caravan. made in Norwegian car manufacturer- power source, it could take up to With a combined turbo engine with an to be the first fully-electric vehicle (EV) 13 hours to fill the battery. “Think” electric motor, the car will have an allowed to be operated in a European also has signed a Memorandum of output of 71 kW/97 hp with 3-litre Union’s (EU) member country. Understanding to deliver 550 combustion engine plus 35 kW from the TH!NK City EVs to the Spanish electric motor. With this certification/homologation, market. The CO2 emission will be as low as the car is allowed to be sold 90gr/km. throughout EU member Meanwhile, in the hydrogen vehicle countries. The Dutch (fuel cell) segment, in May this year the US Department of Energy is cutting funding for hydrogen car research. It is considered that the technology will not be feasible anytime soon.

The US Energy Secretary Steven Chu sees it is not likely that the US will opt for hydrogen car economy the next 10 or 15, 20 years.

Audi A4, converted to CNG system 26 June 2009 Pakistan to determine CNG retail price

After almost two decades of price deregulation—since 1992-- for retail of CNG, the government decided to set one price for CNG sold in the whole country. According to the new policy, Oil & gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA) is authorized to calculate and determine the retail price. The new regulated price will be implemented at any time soon after the whole pricing strategy is completed.

The Pakistan Ministry of Petroleum has finalized the formula to determine the retail price of CNG for the whole nation during the fourth week of April. The summary of CNG pricing formula will be forwarded to the Economic Coordination Committee when both institutions meet.

In the pricing formula, four components involved in the consideration include: cost of gas, operational expenses of the station, rate of return, and related taxes. The cost of gas is the rate at which NG is purchased by the station from the two gas providers in the country: the Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Ltd and the Sui Southern Gas Company Ltd. The operational expenses include all expenditures such as electricity and labour costs, local taxes, etc. The Goods Sales Tax (GST) is 16%. Meanwhile, rate of return is yet to be finalized.

From the fuelling station owner’s side, chairman of CNG Dealers Association Tariq Kandan said that the pricing formula does not mention the risk assessment of the plant and machinery at CNG stations. Also, he hopes that the rate of return on investment to be introduced in the formula above will be higher than the rate offered by banks on fixed deposits. June 2009 27 Pakistan to implement EURO 2 norms

The Federal Minister for Environment Hameed Ullah Jan Afridi said that the government would have EURO 2 emission standard in force nationwide, effective from July 1st, 2009 for gasoline vehicles and July 1st, 2012 for diesel vehicles. Under Euro-II emission standards, a gasoline vehicle could only emit 2.2 gr/km carbon monoxide (CO) and 0.5 gr/km hydrocarbons + nitrogen oxides (HC+NOx). For diesel vehicles, the standard would be 1 gr/km CO and 0.9 gr/km HC+NOx.

On the meantime, by end April, Afridi announced that Rawalpindi Green City Programme will be launched soon. Clean air is one of the important factors in this programme. He underlined the necessity of monitoring the rapid growth of CNG centres and the final phase of consultation process for running 8,000 CNG buses for public transportation in several mega cities, including in the twin cities Rawalpindi-Islamabad.

He also informed that Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Islamabad Traffic Police conduct a regular emission testing called Vehicular Emission Testing System (Vets) on roadsides and in the institutions. More than 40,000 vehicles have been checked, of which 12% were found non-compliant with the current standards. This activity is also exercised by EPA North-West Frontier Province and EPA Punjab. The test is also extended to private vehicles.

On the other hand, the dispute between the Sindh Government and the City District Government Karachi (CDGK) over the control of the project is feared to cause another long delay in the Rs 500 million Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Transit CNG Bus Project in Karachi. According to Sindh Information Minister Shazia Marri, under this programme, 500 CNG buses will be introduced. Only women would have the right to ownership besides 50% of the seats would be reserved for women passengers.

Marri said that the federal government would provide an interest subsidy of Rs 700,000 per bus. Under the project, the number of buses in Karachi would be increased to 4,000 by 2012. 28 June 2009 Wider distribution of CNG to various Indian cities Pune In line with the government regulation to convert 43,000 autorickshaws to CNG or LPG system in Pune City, the Maharashtra Natural Gas Limited’s commercial director K.L. Thussu confirmed that four more CNG refuelling stations will be opened around July. At the moment, already six CNG stations are operated in the city. One mother station is available at Chikhli in Pune. Gas supply via pipeline will also be available starting next July. So far only 10,000 LPG and 400 CNG autorickshaws have been registered in the Regional Transport Authority of Pune. Kolkata Transport and environment department of Kolkata (Calcutta) state are keen on introducing CNG for transport in Kolkata by year end. The Great Eastern Energy Corporation Limited (GEECL) has been selling coal bed methane Investment NG requirement Year Number of cities (CBM) from the Asansol-Raniganj coal (x 10 million) (mmscmd) belt to vehicle owners in Asansol, where 2011 86 Rs 24,500 16 CNG is sold at Rs 30/kg, in which, one 2013 120 Rs 43,000 30 kg of CNG is equal to 1.45 litre gasoline. The firm aims to sell CNG to 2018 250 Rs 80,000 50 Durgapur around July. Durgapur is an industrial metropolis in the state of West Noida India, formally supplying gas to Bengal, and located about 160 km from The Indraprastha Gas Limited (IGL) domestic and Small Scale Industry (SSI) Kolkata. GEECL chose Durgapur to be opened a CNG mother station in Noida sector, and now enters CNG for their test case before conducting its last April 22nd. This is the first CNG transport segment. final acid test in Kolkata. station to cater all types of private vehicles in Noida and the second CNG The Chikodhra station will be the first The firm is also discussing with some station in the area. The two stations gas refuelling station between Public Sector Undertakings (PSU) have a capacity to dispense up to Ahmedabad and Vadodara. Located on seeking possibility of using pipeline to 50,000 kg CNG/day. Apart from these the highway, this will serve CNG cars transport CNG to Durgapur otherwise stations, two other CNG dispensing and buses plying between Vadodara the fuel could be transported by facilities at OMC outlets are expected to and Mumbai cities. After Chikodhra, caskets by road. The company plans to be opened this June and one more Borsad town and then Khambhat will bring gas from Durgapur and, at a later station located in Uttar Pradesh State also be covered by CGSML’s gas. stage, to Dankuni. It is also studying the Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) Being a cooperative venture allows possibility of transporting the gas by depot in Sector 35 is scheduled to be CGSML to offer cheaper gas than its using the Durgapur Project Limited line completed by May/June. In Noida, CNG competitors/other private gas that runs from Durgapur to Kolkata. So is retailed at Rs 22.10/kg while in Delhi companies. This cooperative venture far, three companies are interested in it costs Rs 18.90/kg. dose not need to pay VAT and therefore bringing gas to this city: GEECL, can offer gas at Rs 28/kg while other Reliance and Gas Authority of India Chikodhra private gas companies sold it above Rs Limited (GAIL). The Charotar Gas Sahakari Mandali Ltd 30/kg. (CGSML) has inked an agreement with The extra benefit of CBM compared to the Gujarat State Petroleum Nationwide CNG is that CBM has the least Corporation (GSPC) to set up a CNG Below is the city-gas distribution impurities like hydrocarbons, propane refuelling station on the highway near network for the whole nation, projected and butane. And, thus, users of this fuel Chikodhra. CGSML is the first “City Gas in December 2008 by the Petroleum get 100% combustion. Distribution” in Co-Operative Sector in Natural Gas Regulatory Board. June 2009 29 Maharashtra to add 250 CNG buses The Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) regularly expand its fleet’s population every year with 2,000 vehicles added to its existing bus armada.

As part of the current fleet expansion programme, MSRTC is targeting to add 250 CNG-powered buses. With over 16,000 buses, MSRTC has one of the largest fleets in India.

Tata and Ashok Leyland will provide the bus chassis to be fitted with CNG kits. Each chassis would cost the corpora- tion an additional Rs 400,000- 500,000. The corporation is confident that this extra cost would be recovered within 1.5 years thanks to CNG fuel savings. The buses will be assembled at one of MSRTC’s workshops in the Maharashtra state.

To facilitate the “clean”fleet, the Corporation and Mahanagar Gas Limited (MGL) signed a Memorandum of Understanding in February, to build a CNG filling station at the Kurla-Nehru Nagar depot in a few months. One bus depot is available for these buses. The vehicle will operate within 150-200 km radius from the CNG refuelling station.

Maharashtra is a state located on the western coast of India. The state is a part of Western India. It is India's third largest state by area and second largest by population. The capital city of the state is Mumbai which is also India's largest city and the financial capital of the nation. Maharashtra has five main regions: Vidarbha or Berar (Nagpur and Amravati divisions), Marathwada (Aurangabad Division), Khandesh and Northern Maharashtra (Nashik Division), Desh or Western Maharashtra (Pune Division), and Konkan (Konkan Division). 30 June 2009 Mandates for vehicle replacement in India

In July 2008, the Calcutta high court issued a mandate that required all autorickshaws running on two-stroke engines to be converted to CNG or LPG engines by year end. This deadline was later extended until July 31st, 2009. The ruling should have an impact on about 80,000 autorickshaws operating in Kolkata metropolitan area.

Manufacturers of CNG autorickshaws such as Bajaj Auto have been benefiting from the demand in this vehicle seg- ment. It has sold 17,000 of these vehicles in the past two years. With more and more demand for CNG, other OEM, Piaggio Vehicles, aims to launch CNG and LPG models of their autorickshaws, said its managing director Ravi Chopra. These will be ready for launch in the next few months. shaw owners were now more interested in CNG than in LPG. In Pune, all autorickshaws (powered by gasoline) had to be To ensure the success of the project, Regional Transport converted to CNG or LPG system by April 2009. So far, out Authority (RTA) sees that the autorickshaw drivers need to get of 43,000 autorickshaws, only 400 units have been converted CNG kits at concessional rates, easy bank loan, and subsidy. to NGVs and registered at the Regional Transport Office Fuelling facility is also an issue although most of the pipeline (RTO) while 500 more registration applications are still project has been completed. So far, one mother station and pending. six daughter stations are available in this area. RTA also wants all cars in Pune and Pimpri-Chinchwad to be No penalties are introduced to those who do not meet the converted to CNG/LPG system from May 1st to lower air pol- instruction. The authority is considering extending the dead- lution level. line for few more months. An RTO official said that autorick- Although the Mumbai government have requested all taxis over 25 years old—7,051 units--to be phased out by end 2008, many of these vehicles are yet to be replaced by new ones. A committee appointed by the Bombay High Court to assist the project said that vehicle manufacturers are offering discounts up to Rs 40,000 on new vehicles.

These vehicles then need to be retrofitted to CNG system. Taxi owners hope that the OEMs will offer warranty and that the insurance premium for this CNG taxi can be lowered. One OEM, Tata Motors, is offering CNG-fitted taxi with warranty.

Lucknow RTO has called for the conversion of public transport to CNG mode which deadline has been extended several times with the latest time limit fixed for May 31st. It is very likely that the deadline will be extended further.

It is expected that 500 more buses will be converted to CNG mode. Lucknow gets about 70,000 kg CNG every day, in which 40,000 is used in the city. The rest, about 30,000 kg of CNG is left unused everyday. As a single bus runs on 60 kg of CNG, 30,000 kg is sufficient to run 500 buses everyday. These buses need to be filled at a mother-station facility as they need certain pressure of gas for the refuelling.

Lucknow has a single mother station operating at Amausi. Another mother station is proposed to be built at Gomtinagar.

Little yet continued use of CNG since 2005 has lowered air pollution. Scientists at Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board estimate pollution level has been reduced from 25% to 15%. Uttar Pradesh is a state where Lucknow, the capital city of the state, is located. June 2009 31

Indonesian natural Bangladesh’s first gas for Thailand chain of CNG stations is growing

Thai state Oil & Gas company, PTT Plc Ltd, is in talks with Indonesia regarding the purchase of natural gas from the Natuna D Alpha block gas The first chain of CNG refuelling stations in Bangladesh field off Indonesia and its operated under brand name “Quickfill” is being possible transport to expanded. Rahimafrooz, the operator of this chain Rayong Province in station, recently launched another Thailand. Both gas volume station at Tangail on May 9th, this year. Other five CNG and price are still being stations have been serving NGVs at Tongi, Kuril discussed. bishwaroad, Tejgaon, Manikgonj & Halishahar, Ctg. Quikfill offers a 24 hours service, backup power and Indonesia's Energy and Mineral Resources Minister computerised billing facility and many other services Purnomo Yusigantoro informed that PTT is currently combined with a unique refuelling experience. looking for gas sources other than its current supplier, Myanmar, as gas supply from this country now seems to be declining.

Indonesian state-owned Oil & gas company PT Pertamina currently is looking for a new partner for the development of Natuna D Alpha's reserves. Nevertheless, the government and Pertamina wish the find a buyer before the block enters production in 2017. So far, the eight potential partners which have been identified and need to be chosen as a definite partner include ExxonMobil, Royal Dutch Shell PLC, Chevron Corp., Eni SPA, Total SA, StatoilHydro, China National Petroleum Corp., and Petronas.

More diversified natural gas supply could help Thailand to further stabilise its NGV programme. This country is targeting to have 220,375 NGVs and 595 CNG and LNG refuelling stations by 2012. By 1st March 2009, over 140,000 NGVs nad 305 natural gas refuellign stations were operated in this country. 32 June 2009 Private conversion and fuelling station expansion programme in Surabaya

Indonesia started its CNG taxi project in Jakarta in 1987. However, due to a certain issue with fuelling facility and gas supply, this pilot project was considered not satisfying. At that time, 5-6 CNG fuelling stations were available. Each station was designed to serve 60 cars per hour with a capacity to dispense 800 Nm3 gas per hour.

The pressure of natural gas supply was supposed to be 8 bar. However, as the pressure of the supplied gas was only 4 bar, each station could only serve 6 cars (taxis) in an hour. Consequently, drivers of “Blue Bird” taxis queued to refuel their cars and spent a significant time not being able to get customers.

More importantly, price gap between CNG and gasoline was not big at that most of the time while gasoline will be time. Later in 2006, the programme used only when CNG fuelling facilities was restarted with the adoption of CNG are not available at the time the vehicle buses and the construction of needed to be refilled. For example, Busways, special lanes for CNG buses. when those taxis are transporting The CNG buses use Korean technology passengers from Surabaya to other employing Doosan’s CNG engines and cities. Gasoline will be used during idle Daewoo chassis assembled in Daewoo time, especially at the start up of the Indonesia. vehicle.

In 1995, Surabaya introduced a fleet of Targets 1,500 CNG taxis. Around 100 PT CNE aims to convert 1,000 units of privately-owned cars followed the Blue Bird taxis in Surabaya. At the example. The taxi operator, Zebra, and Marsaid, Director of PT CNE moment, 6 units have been converted the owners of private NGVs could refuel and on trial. Apart from that, 360 units their bifuel vehicles in 5 public CNG prices to Rp 6,500-4,500/litre (regular of taxi Bosowa are expected to be refueling facilities in this city. gasoline and Pertamax/premium converted. Two units are already on gasoline) and Rp 4,500/litre (diesel), trial. In the Heavy-Duty Vehicle (HDV) In 2005-2006, the operation of these while price of CNG remains at Rp sector, one Damri public bus was bifuel taxis was discontinued due to 3,150/litre equivalent. This has caused converted. So far the result is good as lack of gas supply. However, starting in another challenge to the expansion of using CNG gives the operator 28% 2007, those taxis were back in business NGV business in Indonesia. savings in fuel costs. The ambition is to as two private stations were re-opened. convert 120 units of these buses into However, even with that “small” price CNG mode, which later could offer Rp The facilities -one mother and one difference between CNG and 544 M savings per month to the daughter station- are experiencing their gasoline/diesel, operating NGVs still operator. peak hours around 13.00-14.00 hours offers around Rp 40,500 savings per and 22.00-24.00 hours. During those day as a bifuel taxi, for example in In the gas pipeline segment, it is periods, not so many passengers are Surabaya, consumes around 30 litre expected that by 2010, gas using taxis service, and thus, these equivalent of CNG on daily basis. On infrastructure will be expanded to Zebra taxi operators use this time to average, those CNG taxis ply over 300 several cities around Surabaya. The refuel their cars. These stations are km mileage per day. goal is to allow Heavy-Duty Commercial owned by PT CNE (Perusahaan These taxis in Surabaya are converted Vehicles (and potentially also public Terbatas Citra Nusantara Energi). by PT CNE. When converting the buses) which operate within the vehicles to CNG system, both PT CNE “Pantura Jatim” region to use CNG as Due to the recent decrease in oil price, and its sister company PT CNG make fuel. The cities to be covered in Pantura the government lowered traditional fuels sure that the bifuel vehicle will use CNG include Tuban, Lamongan, Gresik, June 2009 33

Surabaya, Malang, Pasuruan, until Situbondo City. Four CNG stations are expected to be built in Pandaan, Pasuruan, Gresik and Mojokerto to facilitate those HD NGVs.

As these commercial vehicles have a consistent route, these vehicles can operate with CNG along the Pantura routes thanks to the 4 gas stations. Mr. Marsaid, the director of PT CNE said, “As these commercial vehicles operate in “ironing” driving pattern, moving from one fix point to another, those would be able to refuel in these four stations. Thanks to the fix routes, there will be no concern regarding fuelling facilities.”

In Surabaya itself, PT CNE aims to open two more daughter stations this year. Their final target is to have minimum five stations in this city, most probably covering the network of Waru, Juanda (near a domestic/regional airport), Karangpilang, Mastrip, and Tambak Sari.

PT CNE is a sister company of PT Citra Nusantara Gemilang in Jakarta. Both companies are is active in NGV conver- sion and CNG supply businesses. Both firms have been converting vehicles— mainly taxis— under a loan basis. The conversion cost including injection kit, cylinders, and labour fee is Rp 17 M per car. The loan is paid back though the price differential of CNG and gasoline every time taxi drivers refuel their cars. Apart from the above mentioned public transport operator’s vehicles that have been converted by PT CNE in Surabaya, the sister company, PT CNG has converted Silver Taxi’s fleet. The firms have 1 one conversion workshop in Surabaya and 3 in Jakarta. So far, both companies used various cylinders for Low-Duty NGVs, those of 58 litre water capacity and 62 litre.

PT CNE expects that the government will issue a mandate for the conversion of polluting vehicles to clean “CNG” technology. And especially with a long- term regulation regarding favourable fuel price differential between CNG and other traditional fuels. At the moment, they do not expect that the government and banks would offer funding for NGV programme. However, in the past the authority in Jakarta has offered 2,000 units of free CNG conversion kits to owners of Low-Duty Vehicles. Nevertheless, it was not clear whether most of those kits were installed. 34 June 2009 BusinessCentre Media Profiles

y 2009 Asian NGV Communications is an independent magazine that publishes information on natural Volume IV Number 27 Ma gas vehicle related issues in the Asian, Middle East and North African regions every month. Singapore to open world’s biggest CNG station

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Editorial Outlook: An objective reporting, comments from main NGV players, technology update, Business Alerts Heavy-Duty New countries to NG HDVs made in adopt NGVs news on NGV events and statistics in Asia and Pacific, Middle East, and Africa. Asian OEMs

Month Edition Deadline Special report Events with massive distribution released, 2009 Compressor and dispenser AfterNGV2009: To remind your customer and potential 29 July June 10th manufactuer’s views buyers re. your company/products The world of vehicle conversion 30 August July 10th segment Asian export-import with North and 1st Latin American Summit of NGV and Alternatives 31 September August 10th South America Fuels, 24-26 September - Lima, Peru September ANGVA2009 32 October Special ANGVA 2009 edition 10th 27-29 October - Donghae, South Korea AfterANGVA2009: To remind your customer and potential Technology and equipment used by buyers re. your company/products 33 November October 12th NGV manufacturers in Asia LNG/LCNG fuelling sector (Planned: Extra distribution in an NGV expo in South Asia) The 2009 statistical reviews 34 December November 10th Valves and electronic equipment technologies

® It is an effective way of reaching ® It is THE ONLY NGV specialised What our readers your NGV-related target market. magazine for Asian region said about Asian NGV Communications is the Asian NGV magazine is very informative best media that best matches the ® Show your strength and increase about market activities, market developments, market you are targeting. your sales by aligning with the industry active market players. Furthermore new leader. products related to the industry are shown. ® Our readers take action on It is a good platform for advertising your advertisements. We have been ® Free space in special "Business own products. I appreciate your efforts in getting inquiries from potential Centre" section that gives your company the publishing the magazine in different languages, even though I only read the buyers/business partners to connect opportunity to write about your products. English part. Very informative are the them with our advertisers. statistics at the back of the magazine. It ® Presenting editorial on subjects that clearly shows how our industry is Exhibiting in various big NGV matter to you and your EXISTING and developing and where new investments are exhibitions and conferences will also POTENTIAL buyers. The main article is being done. Michael Schuker, OEM Sales allow us to help referring the visitors published in several languages of some Manager, Endress+Hauser Flowtec AG, who look for certain products from of the most important NGV markets: flowmeter for CNG and LPG our advertisers. Bengali/Bangladeshi, Urdu/Pakistani “Of course I read the Asian NGV Chinese, Japanese, Korean, ® Communications. It is extremely interesting The magazine has an industry- Malay/Indonesian, and English. to follow the market developments, particu- wide leadership in the region. larly considering the very rapid rate of mar- The distribution profile: the hard ® Advertising in our magazine ket expansion. The unsigned articles copies magazine is distributed mainly means getting great potential sales, appearing in recent issues of the Asian NGV in Asia and the Middle East, but also exposure, contacts and good image. news were high quality papers …. Good circulated in NGV exhibitions around You will have a lot to win. Our current work, keep it up!” Peter Boisen, Chairman of the world. Over 13,000 regular advertisers publish in our magazine NGVA Europe, Sweden and Spain e-readers and free download of because they have been enjoying the Contact us to find out the comments from e-copies for everybody visiting our benefits for many years already by our readers in Bangladesh, China, Egypt, web site, www.asiangv.com. ublishing with us. It helps you to open India, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, We increase our reader-coverage and the door to potential sales from outside South Korea, Thailand, America, Italy, and network by visiting new clients and your country as well and get a lot of many other countries from Asia and other introducing our advertisers to NGV offers from international NGV suppliers regions. For publication and advertisement, people in Asia and other regions too. because lots of NGV people will see you. contact: [email protected] June 2009 35 BusinessCentre Easier refuelling - the new WEH TK26 CNG

Having only half the needed for refuelling. The TK26 CNG is weight of the previous available since beginning of April 2009. TK25 version, the TK26 Together with the WEH TN5 receptacle design of CNG has the same outstanding extremely high flow rates and rapid WEH-products have features as all WEH fuelling nozzles. filling times can be obtained. The TK26 led to widespread customer Based on the technology of the TK16 CNG completes the range of WEH acceptance and are a major step in the CNG for refuelling cars, the TK26 CNG fuelling nozzles with another development of alternative fuels. As a has an integrated swivel joint, vented ergonomically designed nozzle for long-standing partner to the international gas recirculation, an operating pressure refuelling buses and trucks. automobile, hydraulic and manufacturing of 300 bar, extremely high flow rates industry, our experts have developed and CE-registration. General information WEH GmbH: advanced solutions for many applications. WEH has been a pioneer in the field of Many advanced solutions provide WEH developed the TK26 CNG alternative fuels since 1986. They laid evidence of the mature technology of specially for refuelling buses and trucks the foundation for the worldwide NGV1 WEH components. at self-serve fuelling stations. standard by developing a complete The latest manufacturing facilities and The considerably improved ergonomics range of products for NGV refuelling: continuous improvement processes contribute to the ease of operation. From receptacles and check valves in guarantee the highest quality standards. The swivel joint, located centrally by the vehicles to fuelling nozzles, filling hoses, WEH GmbH is certified to ISO 9001. operating handle, can be turned easily break-aways and filters for fuelling to the most comfortable operating stations. Nowadays WEH is leading For more information, please contact: position even with semi-rigid fuel hoses. manufacturer of refuelling systems and WEH GmbH,Siemensstr. 5,89257 The fuelling procedure is easily started partner to many automotive Illertissen,Germany by rotating the operating lever through manufacturers. The products are ideally WEH Public Relations, 180°. Due to the light weight the nozzle suited to self-service operation. Safety, [email protected], tel.+49 (0) 7303 can be easily handled and less effort is ease of operation and the well executed 95190-21, www.weh.com 36 June 2009 Asian NGV statistics

NGV statistics Natural Gas Vehicles Refuelling stations Monthly gas VRA Last update Country MD/HD MD/HD Under consumption Total Cars/LDVs buses trucks Others Total Public Private construction (M Nm3)

Pakistan 2.000.000 1.949.960 40 50.000 2.718 2.718 April 2009 Iran 1.215.593 1.209.381 6.200 12 764 703 61 1.003 February 2009 India 700.000 315.200 12.000 715 372.085 500 181 319 52,00 April 2009 China 400.000 231.685 112.755 1.100 54.460 1.336 920 416 230 9 February 2009 Bangladesh 180.000 117.229 3.233 8.355 51.183 296 6 290 13 21,36 November 2008 Thailand 140.038 114.758 9.066 14.541 1.673 305 280 25 72 February 2009 Egypt 106.212 103.559 1.206 707 740 119 115 4 16 34,40 April 2009 Russia 103.000 18.000 8.000 35.000 42.000 226 201 25 12 26,79 December 2008 Armenia 101.352 69.971 9.831 19.626 1.924 214 9 205 23,80 March 2008 Uzbekistan 47.000 47.000 43 43 4,25 December 2007 Malaysia 40.248 40.067 170 11 101 99 2 10 January 2009 Japan 35.720 13.778 1.417 19.312 1.213 327 294 33 678 September 2008 Myanmar 22.821 2.902 18.290 4 1.625 37 37 October 2008 Korea 20.283 776 19.078 429 130 130 2 13 43,94 April 2009 Tajikistan 10.600 10.600 53 53 4,13 December 2007 Kyrgyzstan 6.000 6.000 6 6 0,60 December 2007 Singapore 3.609 3.570 30 9 3 3 April 2009 Turkey 3.056 2.564 492 9 5 4 35 0,40 July 2008 Georgia 3.000 3.000 4 4 December 2007 Indonesia 2.550 1.755 335 210 250 9 9 December 2008 Australia 2.453 130 1.263 1.060 146 127 19 130 March 2007 United Arab Emirates 305 305 0 0 2 1 1 1 March 2007 New Zealand 283 180 66 37 14 14 March 2007 Philippines 36 11 25 3 1 2 February 2006 Taiwan 4 4 1 1 April 2005 Vietnam 2 2 1 1 January 2009 ASIA+EURASIA 5.144.165 4.256.381 203.503 101.091 583.190 7.367 5.946 1.421 1.323 901 211,67 May 2009 WORLD 9.962.965 8.825.849 269.256 149.942 717.918 15.220 13.383 1.836 1.400 13.009 893

Fuel Prices Cities with stations Premium Regular Diesel CNG CNG price CNG price Country Gasoline (Euro/ equivalent per equivalent per Gasoline (Euro/litre) (Euro/litre) (Euro/litre) Nm3) litre gasoline litre diesel 2.386 Armenia 0,79 0,73 0,71 0,27 0,24 0,28 704 Bangladesh 0,52 0,49 0,34 0,18 0,16 0,18 China 0,59 0,56 0,50 0,34 0,30 0,35 Egypt 0,24 0,12 0,15 0,06 0,05 0,06 India 0,83 0,76 0,53 0,27 0,24 0,28 Asia Worldwide Indonesia 0,55 0,44 0,61 0,23 0,21 0,24 Iran 0,110 0,075 0,012 0,015 0,014 0,015 Japan 1,39 1,31 1,19 0,68 0,52 0,58 World review Korea 1,07 1,06 0,43 0,39 0,44 Cars MD/HD MD/HD fuelling Region Total NGVs Others Kyrgyzstan 0,60 0,70 0,26 0,23 0,27 /LDVs Buses Trucks stations Malaysia 0,51 0,49 0,49 0,19 0,17 0,19 Asia 4.933.757 4.162.846 185.180 46.465 539.266 6.914 Pakistan 1,75 0,62 0,45 0,40 0,46 Philippines 0,89 0,87 0,22 0,20 0,23 Eurasia 210.408 93.535 18.323 54.626 43.924 453 Russia 0,80 0,69 0,70 0,22 0,20 0,23 Africa 226 220 6 0 0 7 Singapore 1,03 0,92 0,86 0,52 0,46 0,53 Europe 898.977 767.117 40.687 36.691 54.482 2.629 Tajikistan 0,55 0,45 0,21 0,19 0,22 South America 3.807.457 3.706.131 13.820 9.660 77.846 4.300 Thailand 0,49 0,47 0,44 0,17 0,15 0,17 Turkey 1,70 1,60 1,26 0,78 0,68 0,76 North America 112.140 96.000 11.240 2.500 2.400 917 Uzbekistan 0,49 0,34 0,34 0,11 0,10 0,11 WORLD 9.962.965 8.825.849 269.256 149.942 717.918 15.220