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Waverley Courier on 24 November 1827 That Scott’S Life in Australia of Napoleon ‘Will Live Where the Lady of the Graham Tulloch Lake and Waverley Are Forgotten

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Waverley Courier on 24 November 1827 That Scott’S Life in Australia of Napoleon ‘Will Live Where the Lady of the Graham Tulloch Lake and Waverley Are Forgotten ISSN 1754-1514 Elba and suffered his final defeat at Waterloo but, because of the time delay in ships reach- ing Australia, readers in the colony were as yet unaware of Napoleon’s return as emperor for The the Hundred Days before Waterloo.) The next Scott item reprinted in Australia was an extract from The Field of Waterloo: Bottle headed ‘Ode to Bonaparte’ it appeared in the Sydney Gazette of 29 March 1817. If this gives the impression that literate people in the colony Imp were primarily interested in Scott as the poet of the Napoleonic wars, such an impression might not be entirely unfounded, at least if we judge Issue 16, November 2014 by the extraordinary claim of the Hobart Town Two Hundred Years of Waverley Courier on 24 November 1827 that Scott’s life in Australia of Napoleon ‘will live where the Lady of the Graham Tulloch Lake and Waverley are forgotten. The hand of genius appears in every line.’ Needless to hen Waverley appeared in July of say, this judgement has not stood the test of 1814, the colony of New South Wales time. In any case it is clear that interest in Wwas just over twenty five years old, Scott was not confined to his writing about and Sir Walter Scott was on a cruise of the Napoleon: his other poems were circulating Northern Isles in the company of Robert Louis and an advertisement in the Sydney Gazette Stevenson’s grandfather. Stevenson was to on 18 January 1817 suggests a local market visit Australia some eighty years later when for Scott’s poems had already developed. he had become an internationally renowned Along with ‘London-made Wellington, Hessian, author with a fame well on the way to rival- and top boots, shoes of the best quality, Brazil ling that which Scott was about to achieve in tobacco, green and black teas’, buyers were, 1814 – although Scott himself never came to somewhat incongruously, offered the ‘Poetical Australia, he was destined to have a profound Works of Walter Scott, Pope’s Poetical Works, influence in the southern continent which cer- Goldsmith’s Poetical Works & Animated Nature, tainly surpassed that of Stevenson. Scott’s all illustrated with plates, and elegantly bound, great novel changed the map of the novel; it and fit for any Gentleman’s Library’. Evidently also changed the map of Australia. Scott had already joined the pantheon of Of course Scott was well-established before English poets alongside Pope and Goldsmith! 1814 as a widely read poet and we can be sure Not surprisingly I have found no really early his work was known in New South Wales. Even references to Waverley, but when they do though the colony was little more than a quar- begin to appear they suggest the novel is well ter of a century old in July 1814, there was the known to Australian readers since they assume beginning of a print culture in Australia. The close knowledge of it. For example, a piece in Sydney Gazette has been published from 1803 the Sydney Gazette of 27 June 1827, refers and, although it was an official government to a minor scene, ‘old Janet Gallatley’s [sic] newspaper, it eventually began to feature lit- examination before the justices’, with evident erary material in its columns. As Scott’s fame confidence that readers will know the scene well grew, items concerning his life and work began and consequently understand how it relates to to appear regularly in the newspapers, as the anecdote related in the article. This item did samples of his work, mostly in the form was almost certainly copied from an English of extracts from his novels. However the first newspaper or journal, but that it was reprinted piece of Scott’s writing that I have found in in Australia tells us much about the expected Australian newspapers is the poem ‘For a’ that audience there. Similarly in reprinting, from an’ a that. Being a new Song to an old Tune’, the London Literary Gazette, a review of a which he wrote for the Anniversary Dinner of play based on Waverley and staged at Covent the Pitt Club of Scotland on 28 May 1814 after Garden, the editor of the Sydney Gazette of 6 the first defeat and abdication of Napoleon in April 1833 could rely on his readers to under- March and April of that year. It appeared in the stand this comment: ‘the story of “Waverley” Sydney Gazette on 15 July 1815. (Ironically, is essentially undramatic; and therefore, with by this time Napoleon had both returned from the exception of a few striking and well-acted www.thebottleimp.org.uk The Bottle Imp is the ezine of the Scottish Writing Exhibition www.scottishwriting.org.uk and is published by the Association for Scottish Literary Studies www.asls.org.uk 1 scenes, we found it drag heavily along upon his love of ‘romantic fiction, of all themes the the stage, during its endurance for three hours most fascinating to a youthful imagination’.2 and a half. The relief of a ball at Holyrood As time goes on we can perhaps detect House was so welcome, that it was encored.’ a diminishing assumption of such explicit Although the ball has a strong symbolic func- knowledge. Nevertheless into the twentieth tion in the novel (a Stuart prince once more century Waverley remains a significant text for in his ancestral palace), it is not one of the Australian writers. In Australia Felix, the first most dramatic scenes in the novel, as read- of her trilogy, The Fortunes of Richard Mahony, ers would have known, but it evidently relieved Ethel Richardson, who wrote under the name the tedium of a dull play. By implication the Henry Handel Richardson, describes Richard novel, though undramatic, was not dull. Mahony’s attempt to interest his wife Polly in A few years later, on 10 November 1840, the novel: ‘There were also those long eve- the Courier of Hobart reports an item from the nings they spent over the first hundred pages Liverpool Journal: ‘Vich Ian Vhor (Glengarry) of Waverley. Mahony, eager for her to share his the head of the Macdonnell, sailed amongst enthusiasm, comforted her each night anew the passengers from Glasgow, on Monday, that they would soon reach the story proper, the 15th June, for New Zealand, where, or and then, how interested she would be! But in Australia, he proceeds to establish a new the opening chapters were a sandy desert of Glengarry settlement. He takes out a reti- words, all about people duller than any Polly nue of followers, consisting of shepherds and had known alive; and sometimes, before agriculturists of all description, as well as a the book was brought out, she would heave splendid stack of Scottish cattle and improved a secret sigh.’3 Any reader of the novel will agricultural implements. After having formed know that it takes some time before Waverley his settlement, he intends returning for the reaches Scotland and the central action begins whole of his clan and dependents. The grand- but that these early chapters provide fascinat- father of this Glengarry is the Fergus M’lvor of ing background to the hero’s development, a Waverley.’ Full understanding of the passage fact not at all obvious to Polly! requires a reader who knows that Fergus was a Richardson’s book appeared in 1917 but Highland chief and that Vich Ian Vhor is Scott’s described events in the Victorian gold-rush of version of his Gaelic name: in short, intimate the 1850s. It is possible, however, that this knowledge of Waverley is assumed. incident is founded on real events recorded In time the newspapers were less reliant in family stories since Mahony and Polly are on reprinting British material and Australian based in large measure on Richardson’s own residents begin to write for the papers. They parents. In any case Polly (and perhaps too write as if Waverley is familiar territory for Richardson’s mother) was probably not alone their readers. Thus the writer of a letter to the in failing to find much interest in Scott’s first Colonist of 11 May 1837 expects readers to novel: an article in the West Australian of 1 appreciate the sly suggestion that ‘Orion [a pre- October 1914 while celebrating the centenary vious correspondent], like Donald Bean Lean, of its publication remarked that Waverley was the cattle lifter in Waverley, is but, a queer sort ‘to some … the least attractive of the Waverley of Christian after all’. The reader will remember series’. Fortunately not all readers shared this exactly the kind of Christian Donald was even view. For instance, the records of the South if the letter writer leaves nothing to chance Australian Institute for 1861 and 1862 which and offers a quick reminder of Donald’s iden- can be accessed on the ‘Australian Common tity. Likewise in 1845 the Scottish-Australian Reader’ website tell us that there were two writer and politician Thomas McCombie writes hundred borrowings of Scott’s Waverley (197 how the hero of his novel, Adventures of a men and three women) in those two years, far Colonist, ‘often neglected his lessons to indulge ahead of the next most popular novel, Ivanhoe, in his passion for novel-reading; he made little with only seventeen borrowings. Borrowing distinction between the good and the bad; does not mean reading but the disparity of fig- indeed, he devoured everything in the shape ures is certainly suggestive. of a romance which came within his reach.’ Waverley, of course, has a special position He then goes on to remark that ‘many may amongst Scott’s novels, being not only the first observe … some resemblance to the character but the one after which the whole series, the of Waverly [sic]’,1 a comment that takes for Waverley Novels, was named.
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