Volume 24 Number 4 October 2016 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health AMMA 2016 Conference Abstracts Pacific Island Societies Destabilised by Infectious Diseases Teledermatology - A Proposed Model for the Australian Defence Force The Journal of the Australasian Military Medicine Association Medibank’s Garrison Health Services Delivering a national, integrated healthcare service to the Australian Defence Force Through Medibank’s extensive network, Garrison Health Services provides seamless access to quality healthcare for the 60 000+ permanent and 20 000+ reservist uniformed ADF personnel— from point of injury or illness to recovery. The health of the ADF is central to everything we do. medibankhealth.com.au/garrisonhealthservices Image courtesy of Dept of Defence Table of Contents 2016 Conference Abstracts .............................................................................................................................................................. 6 History Pacific Island Societies Destabilised by Infectious Diseases .............................................................. 71 Original Article Medibank’s Garrison Health Services Teledermatology - A Proposed Model for the Australian Defence Force ............................................... 75 Delivering a national, integrated healthcare service to the Australian Defence Force Through Medibank’s extensive network, Garrison Health Services provides seamless access to quality healthcare for the 60 000+ permanent and 20 000+ reservist uniformed ADF personnel— from point of injury or illness to recovery. The health of the ADF is central to everything we do. medibankhealth.com.au/garrisonhealthservices Front Cover: Simulation training plays an essential role in preparing health personnel for their operational role. 2 GHB, supported by 3 HSB, Exercise Hamel, Cultana, Sth Australia, July 2016 Credit: Murray Hayes Image courtesy of Dept of Defence Volume 24 Number 4; October 2016 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health EDITORIAL BOARD CDRE Andy Robertson, CSC, PSM (Editor in Chief) Associate Professor Martin Richardson (Deputy Editor) Maj Gen Prof Dr Mohd Zin Bidin (Ret’d) BRIG Anne Campbell Dr Ian De Terte CDRE Michael Dowsett Dr Helen Kelsall COL Prof Peter Leggat, AM Benjamin Mackie Dr Mike O’Connor Tyler C Smith, MS, PhD Dr Darryl Tong Australasian Military Medicine Association PATRON STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES RADM Jenny Firman The Australasian Military Medicine Association is an Surgeon General Australian Defence Force Reserves independent, professional scientific organisation of health professionals with the objectives of: COUNCIL • Promoting the study of military medicine President Dr Greg Mahoney • Bringing together those with an interest in military medicine Vice President Dr Nader Abou-Seif • Disseminating knowledge of military medicine Secretary Dr Janet Scott • Publishing and distributing a journal in military Treasurer GPCAPT Geoff Robinson medicine Council Members CDRE Andrew Robertson • Promoting research in military medicine Dr Peter Peters Membership of the Association is open to doctors, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, paramedics and Dr Peter Hurly anyone with a professional interest in any of the Rachelle Warner disciplines of military medicine. The Association is Public Officer Ms Paula Leishman totally independent of the Australian Defence Force. JMVH is published by the Australasian Military Medicine Association 113 Harrington Street Hobart Tas 7000 Australia Ph: +61 3 62347844 Email: [email protected] ISSN No. 1835-1271 Journal of Military and Veterans’ Health Editorial The Battle of the Sunda Strait The central fire control system was down along with one of the forward 8 inch-turrets. At about 0020, the last On 28th February 1942, HMAS PERTH, a light cruiser, operational turret was hit and Captain Rooks ordered the and USS HOUSTON, a heavy cruiser, having survived the forward magazines flooded. Without the heavy guns, she Battle of the Java Sea the previous day, stopped briefly in now fought with her 5-inch guns and her machineguns. Tanjung Priok, Jakarta’s port, to take on limited supplies At about 0030, three torpedoes hit the Houston on her of fuel and ammunition, before being ordered to withdraw starboard side. The water entered the ship from all sides to the south of Java via the Sunda Strait. Perth, under the and Rooks ordered ‘abandon ship’. Captain Rooks died command of Captain Hector Waller, and Houston, under when he was hit by a part of a machinegun foundation. the command of Captain Albert Rooks, departed Tanjung The Houston sank and took 698 of its crew with her. Only Priok at about 1900 hours and sailed at speed, mistakenly 368 were taken prisoner. believing that the Sunda Strait was being patrolled by Australian corvettes. The only ships in the Strait, however, The Japanese suffer limited damage, with no ships were were the Japanese Western Java Invasion Convoy and its sunk except those by their own hands: a minesweeper escorts, which included four heavy cruisers, a light cruiser was hit by a torpedo from heavy cruiser Mogami and was and eleven destroyers. blown to pieces, along with a transport ship, the Sakuru Maru. Three other transports were damaged by their own The first contact was at about 22.30 with the Japanese side’s torpedoes. The loss of the Perth was the most major destroyer Fubuki, which guarded the Eastern approaches, sacrifice made by the Royal Australian Navy during the who followed them. At 23:06, when they were about half- tragic months of 1941-42 as Japanese forces advanced into way across the mouth of Bantam Bay, Perth sighted a ship south-east Asia about 4.3 nautical miles ahead, near Saint Nicolaas Point, which was initially thought to be an Australian corvette. On 17th August 2016, as USNS MERCY passed through However, when challenged, the Japanese destroyer the waters of the Sunda Strait where the battle occurred, a Harukaze fired her nine Long Lance torpedoes, fortunately joint Australian and American Memorial Service was held unsuccessfully. At this time, stronger Japanese forces to remember the sacrifice made on that fateful night nearly were closing in on the small squadron, but the only result 75 years ago. Nine Royal Australian Navy personnel, was hits on Japanese warships and none on the Allied supported by their Army and Air Force colleagues from ships. This was soon to change. Japanese destroyers the Australian contingent on Exercise Pacific Partnership fired about 28 torpedoes, none of which hit. The Perth 2016, and a US Navy contingent commemorated the events and Houston replied with rapid gunfire and, in the case that occurred that night. of Perth, torpedoes, and managed to score several hits on Our fourth issue of 2016 primarily addresses the abstracts the destroyers, but were themselves also slightly damaged of papers presented at the 25th AMMA Conference. There by gunfire. The heavy cruisers Mogami and Mikuma then are also two excellent articles – one on the role of tele- arrived at the battle. Their 8 inch shells straddled the Perth dermatology in the ADF and the other on the impact of and Houston and they also fired torpedoes. infectious diseases on Pacific island societies. We continue At about 23.20, the allied cruisers were out of ammo and to get a good range of articles, but other military and now could only hope to reach safer waters by high speed. veterans’ health articles are always very welcome and we Japanese torpedoes scored one hit on Perth, later followed would encourage all our readers to consider writing on by another two. This resulted in heavy loss of life, especially their areas of military or veterans’ health interest. We would in engineering. Captain Waller ordered ‘abandon ship’, but particularly welcome papers based on the presentations the Perth received her fourth hit, which was too much for at the conference, but welcome any articles across the her. She sank at 0025 and took 375 men with her, with only broader spectrum of military health. 307 others being saved. Dr Andy Robertson, CSC, PSM By this time, the Houston had also received several hits, Commodore, RANR including vital hits. A whole gun salvo hit the aft engine Editor-in-Chief room where the high pressure steam killed almost everyone. HMAS PERTH USS HOUSTON Volume 24 Number 4; October 2016 Page 5 HMAS PERTH USS HOUSTON 2016 AMMA Conference Abstracts Contents A Bibliometric Analysis of Military Trauma Registry Publications 9 A Novel Peer-Lead Treatment Program for Military Veterans: The Stair Program 10 ADF Forward CBRN Medical Capabilities - Preparing for Black Swans 10 An Integrative Approach to Measurement of Resilience to Psychological Stress 11 Army Combat Health Certification – How Does Our Performance Measure Up? 12 Army School of Health, Combat Health Training Team 13 Australian Antarctic Trial Aeromedical Evacuation 13 Beyond the Part Task Trainer- A Renaissance in ADF Health Simulation. 14 Can Culture Have an Impact on Clinical Performance? 15 How can we Evolve for Ourselves and our Patients? Changes to Health Support Allowance and the new health declaration 15 Clinical Leadership Development Model - A Proposal 16 Clinical Standards and Audit Project 17 Combat Training Injuries in Australian Army Personnel 17 Dental Casualty Rates in the Middle East Area of Operations, 2016 18 Detection and Mitigation of Hearing Loss in the Australian Defence Forces 18 Developing Army Psychology Capability – Training through to Combat 19 Diploma Military Medicine Update 20 Drinking Motives as a Mediator