DOCSLIB.ORG

Overview of Science with Astrosat

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Overview of Science with Astrosat Overview of Science with Astrosat P.C.Agrawal UM-DAE Center for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai University Campus, Vidhyanagari,Mumbai Talk at LAXPC Workshop at BF Hyderabad , December 15 , 2014 ASTROSAT : A Broad Spectral Band Indian Astronomy Satellite An Indian National Space Observatory A Collaborative Project of Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), Bangalore Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bangalore Inter-University Centre for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Pune. Raman Research Institute, Bangalore Canadian Space Agency, Canada Leicester University, U.K. With participation of Many Indian Universities and research centres •IXAE on IRS-P3 • Launched on March 21, 1996 from SHAR • IXAE PPCs on top deck with remote sensing instruments • Stellar mode observations for about 2/3 months in a year • IXAE switched off after 5 yrs of operation due to depletion of fuel for pointing control Quasi-regular Bursts from GRS 1915+105 observed with PPCs on IXAE (Paul et al. ApJ Lett ,1998) Salient Features of Astrosat • Multi-wavelength observations with four co-aligned instruments covering Visible, Near-UV, Far-UV, Soft X-ray and Hard X-ray bands. • Broad Spectral coverage in X-rays from 0.5 keV to 100 keV for timing and spectral studies with 3 X-ray instruments. • Large collecting area in 2-20 keV ( ≥ 6000 cm sq. ) for timing studies in X-rays. • Largest area detector for hard X-ray studies ( ~ 5000 cm sq. at 50 keV ), important for studying high frequency QPOs and non-thermal component in Black Hole sources. • • High angular resolution telescopes ( ~ 2 arc sec ) in the UV region. Two telescopes each of 38 cm aperture, one in Visible and Near-UV and other in Far- UV with photon counting detectors for high sensitivity observations. • Soft X-ray Imaging Telescope and CZT Imager for medium energy resolution spectral studies and localization of Transients in soft and hard X-ray bands. • A Scanning Sky X-ray Monitor to detect and monitor Transients and known objects. • High time resolution (10 µs ) and high count rate capability with LAXPC instrument. Astrosat Instruments Four X-ray Astronomy Instruments and one Ultraviolet Instrument With two Telescopes 1. LAXPC : Large Area X-ray Proportional Counters with Aeff ≈ 6000 2 0 0 cm at 20 keV, FOV =1 X 1 , sensitive in 3-80 keV band with low spectral resolution (E/ΔE ≈ 5 to 12) . 2. CZT Imager : X-ray detector CdZnTe (Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride) 2 array with a coded mask aperture having Aeff = 500 cm and medium spectral resolution (E/ΔE ≈ 20 to 30). 3. SXT : Soft X-ray Imaging Telescope using conical-foil mirrors ' with medium angular (~3 ) and spectral (E/ΔE ≈ 20 to 50) 2 resolution in 0.3-8 keV with A eff ≈ 200 cm at 1 keV. 4. SSM : Scanning Sky Monitor (SSM) using 3 PSPCs with 2 coded mask aperture , each with Aeff = 30 cm and energy band of 2-20 keV. 5. UVIT : Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) has two similar telescopes each with 38 cm aperture primary mirror and photon counting imaging detectors covering simultaneously FUV ----- 130 – 180 nm 28 arc min field NUV ------ 200 – 300 nm Visible ----- 320 – 550 nm A Charged Particle Monitor (CPM) as an auxiliary instrument for the control and operation of the Astrosat Instruments. • LAXPC has high detection efficiency up to ~ 80 keV ( > 50 % upto 70 keV) • Deep Detector (15 cm arranged in 5 layers each 3 cm deep vs 3.3 cm for the PCA on RXTE • Xenon filled at a pressure of 2 atmosphere LAXPC X-ray detector Anode Assembly with veto layer on 3 sides mounted on the back plate. 60 Anode cells are arranged in 5 layers to make the X-ray detection volume. 37 Micron dia. Au-plated SS wires under tension used for anodes. A view of the LAXPC Instrument used for assessing the performance of LAXPCs in a Balloon flight launched on April 16,2008 from BF Hydearabad reaching a ceiling of 41 km (2.5 g/ cm -2 of residual atmosphere. It used 2 LAXPCs similar to Astrosat LAXPCs but with FOV of 3 deg X 3 deg. LAXPC A Count rates as a function of time. Increase in count rates in Cygnus X-1 observations can be clearly seen. Instruments are technically complex and challenging, they are not commercially available. In India the design and development of instruments have to be done in house as expertise and experience available only with few persons. Fabrication of flight hardware also mostly done in house only. X-ray CCD mounted on Thermoelectr ic Cooler to be used for the SXT CCD Data (CCD +TIFR Electronics) Isolated pixels only 5.9 and 6.4 keV peaks Resolution ~150 eV (2.5% at 6 keV) Si escape peaks 3.70 and 4.15 keV 30 December 2014 16 CZT Module characterization Estimated Effective Areas of UVIT Effective area of Astro-H at different energies for the 4 instruments aboard (Takahashi et al. 2014) X-ray light curve and pulsations from NuStar J09551+6940.8 coincident with known ULX in M82 . (Pulsation P= 1.37 s , Orbital P= 2.51 days) Bachetti et al. Nature, 2014 Study of High Energy Universe by X-ray and UV Observations All types of Galactic and Extragalactic objects are UV and X-ray sources Brightest Galactic Sources in UV and X-rays : Compact Stars in Accreting X-ray Binaries : Neutron Stars { Both have high luminosity in X-rays Black Holes { and are also visible in UV White dwarfs ( Bright UV objects as T is high) Supernova Remnants : About 200 SNRs in our galaxy . Shock heated gas (T ~ 10 5 - 10 7 ) emits UV and X- rays Extragalactic Sources : Intermediate –Mass Black Holes in galaxies AGNs ( Quasars, BL Lacs , Seyfert Galaxies ) : 7 9 Powered by massive ( 10 - 10 M O ) accreting Black Holes in their nuclei Accretion Disks Around BHs emit UV and X-rays . There is excess UV from AGNs (called UV Bump ) Cluster of Galaxies : Thermal emission Lx ~ 10 44 ~ 10 46 ergs per sec Detection and study of Non-Thermal Component Star Burst Galaxies and Star Forming Regions : Nurseries of young stars and pre-main sequence stars that are copious UV and X-ray sources Astrosat Science Objectives Multiwavelength Observations • ASTROSAT will be a powerful mission for Multiwavelength studies of various types of sources using 5 co-aligned telescopes covering broad X-ray , near- UV , far- UV and Optical bands. • AGNs will be prime targets for this as only a small number of bright AGNs studied so far. • Correlated UV , Optical and X-ray variations , measure time lags and do reverberation mapping. • Broad band studies of X-ray binaries and Magnetic CVs is important for probing origin of components of emission Multiwavelength light curves from intensive monitoring of the BL Lac object PKS 2155- 304 in 1991 November (Edelson et al. 1995). X-ray data are from the Rosat PSPC; UV data are from the IUE SWP (short wavelength) and LWP (long-wavelength) spectrographs; optical data are from the FES monitor on IUE. The emission is closely correlated at all wavelengths, and the X-rays lead the UV by ~ 2-3 hours. Comparison of the NUV UVW1 and X-ray (0.6–10 keV) light curves over the 160 days of Swift observations of Black Hole source XTE J1817-330. The NUV flux most closely tracks the X-ray power-law emission and does not track the total X-ray flux or the X-ray disk flux (ApJ,666,1129,2007) Astrosat Sience Goals High resolution timing studies : • Periodic and chaotic variability, Evolution of pulse and orbital periods in X-ray binaries, Accreting Millisec Pulsars and AXPs. Size of emission region, Nature of X-ray source, orbital parameter , rotation rate of neutron star, Accretion Torque acting on it, idea about magnetic field etc • Detection and measurements of of low and high frequency QPOs in soft and hard X-ray bands in Black Hole and other X-ray Binaries . Accretion process , innermost stable orbit of matter in accretion disk • High Freq. QPOs studies put constraints on mass and spin of Black Holes. Dependence of NS Spin-up rate on X-ray flux (Bildsten et al. 1997) Spin period evolution of GX 1+4 (Gonzalez-Galan et al. A&A 2011) LMXB with disk fed accretion, P= 7.66 sec Spin-up/ Spin-down transition in disk accreting NS in the X- ray Binary 4U 1626-67 (Camero-Arranz et al. ApJ,708, 2010) Light Curve of LMXB Transient Aql X-1 can be explained by Propeller effect (Campana 2014) High Frequency QPOs in BH X-ray Binaries from PCA on RXTE QPOs in black hole transient XTE J1817- 330 (Roy et al. MNRAS 2011). Panel (a) 2-8 keV (b) 8-14 keV and (c) 15- 25 keV QPOs detected in XMM-Newton light curve of Narrow-line Seyfert 1 RE J10.34+396. QPO Period= 3733 s High-frequency QPOs seen in several BHBs occur in pairs with the frequency ratio of 3:2. These frequencies appear to be stable and are regarded as a signature of strong gravity in the vicinity of a rotating black hole18. A tentative frequency- mass relation, f 0 = 931 (M/M☼)-1 Hz, can be derived from three objects. This relation yields the black hole M Gierliński et al. Nature 455, mass in RE J1034+396 of 6.9×10e6 369-371 (2008) or 1.0×10e7 M☼, depending doi:10.1038/nature07277 on whether the observed periodicity corresponds to 2f0 or 3f0, Relation between QPO Frequency and BH Mass (Zhou et al. ApJ Lett, 2014) The solid line denotes the relation, f (Hz) = 1862(MBH/M⊙)−1 derived from three X-ray binaries (Remillard & McClintock 2006).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CASTOR: a Wide-Field, UV Space Telescope
    Astro2020 Activities and Projects White Paper CASTOR: A Wide-Field, UV Space Telescope Thematic Areas: Space Missions Ground-Based Activities and Projects Computation Astrophysics Theoretical Astrophysics Laboratory Astrophysics Principal Author: Peter L. Capak Name: Peter L. Capak Institution: Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA Email: [email protected] Phone: (626) 395-6422 Co-authors: Michael L. Balogh (University of Waterloo), Jessie L. Christiansen (NASA Exo- planet Science Institute, Caltech), Patrick Cotˆ e´ (National Research Council of Canada), Olivier Dore´ (Caltech, JPL), Maria Drout (University of Toronto), Christopher J. Evans (UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh), Andreas L. Faisst (IPAC, Caltech), Sarah C. Gallagher (University of Western Ontario), Carl J. Grillmair (IPAC, Caltech), Paul Harrison (Magellan Aerospace), John B. Hutchings (National Research Council of Canada), JJ Kavelaars (National Research Council of Canada), J.-F. Lavigne (ABB), Janice C. Lee (IPAC, Caltech), Shouleh Nikzad (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology), Jason D. Rhodes (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology), Jason F. Rowe (Bishop’s Univer- sity), Ruben´ Sanchez-Janssen (UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh), Alan D. Scott (Honeywell Aerospace), Charles Shapiro (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California In- stitute of Technology), Melanie Simet (University of California Riverside), Harry I. Teplitz (IPAC, Caltech), Kim A. Venn (University of Victoria), Ludovic Van Waerbeke (University of British Columbia) 1 Abstract: CASTOR (The Cosmological Advanced Survey Telescope for Optical and UV Re- search) is a proposed Canadian-led mission that would provide high-resolution imaging and spec- troscopy in the UV/optical (0.15–0.55 µm) spectral region.
    [Show full text]
  • Precollimator for X-Ray Telescope (Stray-Light Baffle) Mindrum Precision, Inc Kurt Ponsor Mirror Tech/SBIR Workshop Wednesday, Nov 2017
    Mindrum.com Precollimator for X-Ray Telescope (stray-light baffle) Mindrum Precision, Inc Kurt Ponsor Mirror Tech/SBIR Workshop Wednesday, Nov 2017 1 Overview Mindrum.com Precollimator •Past •Present •Future 2 Past Mindrum.com • Space X-Ray Telescopes (XRT) • Basic Structure • Effectiveness • Past Construction 3 Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com • XMM-Newton 1999 • Chandra 1999 • HETE-2 2000-07 • INTEGRAL 2002 4 ESA/NASA Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com • Swift 2004 • Suzaku 2005-2015 • AGILE 2007 • NuSTAR 2012 5 NASA/JPL/ASI/JAXA Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com • Astrosat 2015 • Hitomi (ASTRO-H) 2016-2016 • NICER (ISS) 2017 • HXMT/Insight 慧眼 2017 6 NASA/JPL/CNSA Space X-Ray Telescopes Mindrum.com NASA/JPL-Caltech Harrison, F.A. et al. (2013; ApJ, 770, 103) 7 doi:10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/103 Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com Grazing Incidence 8 NASA/JPL-Caltech Basic Structure: NuSTAR Mirrors Mindrum.com 9 NASA/JPL-Caltech Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • XMM Newton XRT 10 ESA Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • XMM-Newton mirrors D. de Chambure, XMM Project (ESTEC)/ESA 11 Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • Thermal Precollimator on ROSAT 12 http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/ Basic Structure XRT Mindrum.com • AGILE Precollimator 13 http://agile.asdc.asi.it Basic Structure Mindrum.com • Spektr-RG 2018 14 MPE Basic Structure: Stray X-Rays Mindrum.com 15 NASA/JPL-Caltech Basic Structure: Grazing Mindrum.com 16 NASA X-Ray Effectiveness: Straylight Mindrum.com • Correct Reflection • Secondary Only • Backside Reflection • Primary Only 17 X-Ray Effectiveness Mindrum.com • The Crab Nebula by: ROSAT (1990) Chandra 18 S.
    [Show full text]
  • Highlights in Space 2010
    International Astronautical Federation Committee on Space Research International Institute of Space Law 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren c/o CNES 94 bis, Avenue de Suffren UNITED NATIONS 75015 Paris, France 2 place Maurice Quentin 75015 Paris, France Tel: +33 1 45 67 42 60 Fax: +33 1 42 73 21 20 Tel. + 33 1 44 76 75 10 E-mail: : [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Fax. + 33 1 44 76 74 37 URL: www.iislweb.com OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS URL: www.iafastro.com E-mail: [email protected] URL : http://cosparhq.cnes.fr Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs is responsible for promoting international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space and assisting developing countries in using space science and technology. United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs P. O. Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26060-4950 Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5830 E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.unoosa.org United Nations publication Printed in Austria USD 15 Sales No. E.11.I.3 ISBN 978-92-1-101236-1 ST/SPACE/57 *1180239* V.11-80239—January 2011—775 UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT VIENNA Highlights in Space 2010 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation, the Committee on Space Research and the International Institute of Space Law Progress in space science, technology and applications, international cooperation and space law UNITED NATIONS New York, 2011 UniTEd NationS PUblication Sales no.
    [Show full text]
  • World Space Observatory %Uf02d Ultraviolet Remains Very Relevant
    WORLD SPACE OBSERVATORY-ULTRAVIOLET Boris Shustov, Ana Inés Gómez de Castro, Mikhail Sachkov UV observatories aperture pointing mode , Å OAO-2 1968.12 - 1973.01 20 sp is 1000-4250 TD-1A 1972.03 - 1974.05 28 s is 1350-2800+ OAO-3 1972.08 - 1981.02 80 p s 900-3150 ANS 1974.08 - 1977.06 22 p s 1500-3300+ IUE 1978.01 - 1996.09 45 p s 1150-3200 ASTRON 1983.03 - 1989.06 80 p s 1100-3500+ EXOSAT 1983.05 - 1986. 2x30 p is 250+ ROSAT 1990.06 - 1999.02 84 sp i 60- 200+ HST 1990.04 - 240 p isp 1150-10000 EUVE 1992.06 - 2001.01 12 sp is 70- 760 ALEXIS 1993.04 - 2005.04 35 s i 130- 186 MSX 1996.04 - 2003 50 s i 1100-9000+ FUSE 1999.06 - 2007.07 39х35 (4) p s 905-1195 XMM 1999.12 - 30 p is 1700-5500 GALEX 2003.04 - 2013.06 50 sp is 1350-2800 SWIFT 2004.11 - 30 p i 1700-6500 2 ASTROSAT/UVIT UVIT - UltraViolet Imaging Telescopes (on the ISRO Astrosat observatory, launch 2015); Two 40cm telescopes: FUV and NUV, FOV 0.5 degrees, resolution ~1” Next talk by John Hutchings! 3 4 ASTRON (1983 – 1989) ASTRON is an UV space observatory with 80 cm aperture telescope equipped with a scanning spectrometer:(λλ 110-350 nm, λ ~ 2 nm) onboard. Some significant results: detection of OH (H2O) in Halley comet, UV spectroscopy of SN1987a, Pb lines in stellar spectra etc. (Photo of flight model at Lavochkin Museum).5 “Spektr” (Спектр) missions Federal Space Program (2016-2025) includes as major astrophysical projects: Spektr-R (Radioastron) – launched in 2011.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Straw
    In attaining our ideals, our means should be as pure as the end! 02 Dr Rajendra Prasad KNOWLEDGEPEDIA Staying up there Space Station, around 2025 The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) lost contact with its lunar Within a decade, India wants to have a lander and rover but experts say the Chandrayaan-2 is “95% successful” as the space station up there. The station will help astronauts stay longer in space to mission’s space probe has been put in its orbit around the moon. It can send back conduct experiments. India wants to valuable data that will help ISRO’s future missions. Here’s a look at the missions the launch the space station by 2025 around the time the International Space Station space agency has lined up in the coming years is decommissioned around 2028. China is also planning a large space station in the lower Earth orbit. Origins of the universe Astrosat-2, 2025 India plans to send a second observatory in space. It will be a follow-up mission of Astrosat-1 — India’s first dedicated multi-wavelength space Reaching for the Sun telescope — aimed at looking at the origin of the universe and discover Aditya-1, 2019-2020 new planets. ISRO is finalising a plan for the mission. Aditya-I is India’s first dedicated scientific mission to study the Sun. A 400 kg class space Befriending a solar sibling Drilling with Japan telescope will be inserted into a halo orbit 1.5 million km from the Earth to study the three Mission Venus, 2023 Moon Mission, 2023 layers of the sun — photosphere, chromosphere ISRO is planning a mission to the Earth’s ISRO and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and corona, the outer atmosphere of the star in “twin sister” – Venus.
    [Show full text]
  • INDIA JANUARY 2018 – June 2020
    SPACE RESEARCH IN INDIA JANUARY 2018 – June 2020 Presented to 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Sydney, Australia | Jan 28–Feb 4, 2021 SPACE RESEARCH IN INDIA January 2018 – June 2020 A Report of the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) Indian National Science Academy (INSA) Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) For the 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly 28 January – 4 Febuary 2021 Sydney, Australia INDIAN SPACE RESEARCH ORGANISATION BENGALURU 2 Compiled and Edited by Mohammad Hasan Space Science Program Office ISRO HQ, Bengalure Enquiries to: Space Science Programme Office ISRO Headquarters Antariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road Bengaluru 560 231. Karnataka, India E-mail: [email protected] Cover Page Images: Upper: Colour composite picture of face-on spiral galaxy M 74 - from UVIT onboard AstroSat. Here blue colour represent image in far ultraviolet and green colour represent image in near ultraviolet.The spiral arms show the young stars that are copious emitters of ultraviolet light. Lower: Sarabhai crater as imaged by Terrain Mapping Camera-2 (TMC-2)onboard Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter.TMC-2 provides images (0.4μm to 0.85μm) at 5m spatial resolution 3 INDEX 4 FOREWORD PREFACE With great pleasure I introduce the report on Space Research in India, prepared for the 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, 28 January – 4 February 2021, Sydney, Australia, by the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR), Indian National Science Academy (INSA), and Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The report gives an overview of the important accomplishments, achievements and research activities conducted in India in several areas of near- Earth space, Sun, Planetary science, and Astrophysics for the duration of two and half years (Jan 2018 – June 2020).
    [Show full text]
  • Informatika, Kosmosas, Inovacijos (50 Užduočių Uždavinynas, Klausimai/Atsakymai)
    SPACEOLYMP EKA sutartis Nr. 4000115691/15/NL/NDe Informatika, Kosmosas, Inovacijos (50 užduočių uždavinynas, Klausimai/Atsakymai) Uždavinyne misijų ir jų etapų laikas nurodomas pagal Pasaulinį koordinuotąjį laiką arba UTC (angl. Coordinated Universal Time) 1 SPACEOLYMP EKA sutartis Nr. 4000115691/15/NL/NDe TURINYS Įvadas ....................................................................................................................... F 8 klasė I-8.1 ......................................................................................................................8.1 I-8.2 .....................................................................................................................8.2 I-8.3 .....................................................................................................................8.3 I-8.4 .....................................................................................................................8.4 I-8.5 .....................................................................................................................8.5 I-8.6 .....................................................................................................................8.6 I-8.7 .....................................................................................................................8.7 I-8.8 .....................................................................................................................8.8 I-8.9 .....................................................................................................................8.9
    [Show full text]
  • Astrosat-A Multi-Wavelength Astronomy Satellite
    AstroSat − a multi-wavelength astronomy satellite A. R. Rao, K. P. Singh Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India D. Bhattacharya Inter University Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Pune, India September 4, 2018 Abstract AstroSat is a multi-wavelength astronomy satellite, launched on 2015 September 28. It carries a suite of scientific instruments for multi-wavelength observations of astronomical sources. It is a major Indian effort in space astronomy and the context of AstroSat is examined in a historical perspective. The Performance Verification phase of AstroSat has been completed and all instruments are working flawlessly and as planned. Some brief highlights of the scientific results are also given here. keywords: Astronomy: general, Astronomy: instrumentation 1 Introduction AstroSat, India's first dedicated astronomy satellite, was launched on 2015 September 28. It was the 30th successful launch of India's workhorse rocket, the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). The satellite was placed precisely in a near-Earth orbit of 650 km at 6◦ inclination, thus saving the onboard fuel meant for orbit correction for any future eventualities and ensuring a very long arXiv:1608.06051v1 [astro-ph.IM] 22 Aug 2016 orbital life for the satellite. AstroSat, weighing 1550 kg, carries a suite of scientific instruments for multi-wavelength observations of astronomical sources (Singh et al. 2014). Within six months of operation, the Performance Verification phase has been completed and a very complex satellite like AstroSat is working flawlessly
    [Show full text]
  • LIST of PARTICIPANTS ABRAMOWICZ,M.A., International
    LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ABRAMOWICZ,M.A., International Centre for Advanced Studies.Trieste,Italy AGRAWAL,P.C., Tata Institute of Fundamental Research.Bombay 400005,India ALIGHIERI,S.di S., ST-ECF, ESO, Garching bei München, West Germany ALLADIN,S.M., CASA, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India ALL0IN,D., Observatoire de Meudon, Meudon Principal Cedex, France ANANTHAKRISHNAN,S., Radio Astronomy Centre(TIFR),0otacamund 643001,India ANANTHARAMIAH,Κ., Raman Research Institute, Bangalore 560080, India ANDERSON,M., Institute of Astronomy,Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHE,UK BAILEY,J., Anglo Australian Observatory, Epping, NSW 2121, Australia BALDWIN,J.Ε., Cavendish Laboratory,Madingley Road,Cambridge CB3 OHE, UK BARR,P., European Southern Observatory, 6100 Darmstadt, West Germany BARTEL,N., Centre for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Ma,USA BARTHEL,Ρ.D., Owens Valley Radio Obs., Caltech, Pasadena, Ca 91125, USA BARVAINIS,R., NRAO, Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Va 22903, USA BERGERON,J.A., Institute d'Astrophysique, 98 Bis.bd. Arago, Paris BHATTACHARYA,D., Raman Research Institute, Bangalore 560080, India BHATTACHARYYA,J.C., Indian Inst, of Astrophysics,Bangalore 560034,India BHAVSAR,S., Raman Research Institute, Bangalore 560080, India BIRKINSHAW,M., Dept. Astronomy, Harvard University, Cambridge, Ma, USA BLADES,J.C, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Md 21218,USA BLANDFORD,R.D., Theoretical Astrophysics, Caltech,Pasadena,Ca 91125,USA BOKSENBERG, A. , Royal Greenwich Obs., Hausham, E.Sussex BN27 1RP, UK BRAMWELL,D., National Inst, for Telecomm. Research,Johannesburg,S.Africa BREGMAN,J.N., NRAO, Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, Va 22903, USA BR0DIE,J.P., University of California, Sp.Sc.Lab, Berkeley,Ca 94720,USA BURBIDGE,G.R., Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, Ca 92093, USA BURKE,B.F., Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • The World Space Observatory Ultraviolet (WSO-UV), As a Bridge to Future UV Astronomy
    The World Space Observatory Ultraviolet (WSO-UV), as a bridge to future UV astronomy B. Shustov1 • A.I. G´omez de Castro 2 • M. Sachkov1 • J.C. Vallejo2 • P. Marcos-Arenal 2 • E. Kanev1 • I. Savanov1 • A. Shugarov1 • S. Sichevskii1 Abstract The ultraviolet (UV) astronomy is a very described in detail in previous publications, and this demanded branch of space astronomy. Many dozens of paper updates the main characteristics of its instru- short-term UV-experiments in space, as well as long- ments and the current state of the whole project. It term observatories, have brought a very important also addresses the major science topics that have been knowledge on the physics and chemistry of the Uni- included in the core program of the WSO-UV, making verse during the last decades. Unfortunately, no large this core program very relevant to the current state of UV-observatories are planned to be launched by most the UV-astronomy. Finally, we also present here the of space agencies in the coming 10 – 15 years. Con- ground segment architecture that will implement this versely, the large UVOIR observatories of the future program. will appear not earlier than in 2030s. This paper briefly describes the projects that have been proposed by var- Keywords space vehicles, space vehicles: instruments, ious groups. We conclude that the World Space Obser- instrumentation: spectrographs, ultraviolet: general, vatory – Ultraviolet (WSO-UV) will be the only 2-m ultraviolet: stars, ultraviolet: planetary systems, ul- class UV telescope with capabilities similar to those of traviolet: ISM, ultraviolet: galaxies the HST for the next decade.
    [Show full text]
  • SPACE : Obstacles and Opportunities
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bstacles and Opportunities Rapporteur’s Report Alan Smith Canada -UK Colloquium, 19 -21 November 2015 The University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre Glasgow Canada -UK Council School of Policy Studies, Queen’s University ii !"#$%&%'(&!$%'#) !"#$%&&#"'()* ' !"#$%&'()*% # %# # %#%*%#)%( ) %$( ()%($%%# %$%*( % #% ) %% $#% '$#$) !%"( % #%($" %)*% #"# % " '$)% #$ % $(%*)% % #% &#"# #% $ ($%% #)% '% &' #'% &)*% ! ) #"(#!% () $% )*% *% # % % )*% + #$% & #% !%$% #)% () % )*$"%% $) % ($% )*% ,)* "#$ % # % )*% #$% # ) * (( )% #$ % # % #$% ($ ) '$)% ($- )!% "( % # "% # % ($" % #% '($#-$% % )*$"%% " '$)% . #% $(%*)% *# # % $% + #$'% #$ % / (#$% #)""() 0'% 1)% '#$#%'$)% #$ % # ) * ( !% 2$% *% *% 1($ % $( ()% 3""%% $ $4 % 5""# % & #% &($% # #) '% ($(-#""% # % "# % % )) % * ( '%$)#""%'($%%( ) %#$ %"# %% # )'$)%.6**70!%2$%% *% # % '# % #% % % )) % * ( !%
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond Astrosat: Astronomy Missions Under Review
    J. Astrophys. Astr. (2021) 42:78 Ó Indian Academy of Sciences https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09744-0Sadhana(0123456789().,-volV)FT3](0123456789().,-volV) BEYOND ASTROSAT Beyond AstroSat: Astronomy missions under review P. SREEKUMAR1,2,* and V. KOTESWARA RAO3 1Indian Space Research Organisation, Antariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road, Bengaluru 560 094, India. 2Indian Institute of Astrophysics, II Block, Koramangala, Bengaluru 560 034, India. 3U. R. Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru 560 017, India. *Corresponding Author. E-mail: [email protected] MS received 20 November 2020; accepted 30 March 2021 Abstract. India has an expanding program in using space as a platform for research. Astrophysics research from satellites increasingly complement ground-based observations with unique wavelength coverage, more frequent temporal coverage and diffraction-limited observations. India’s first dedicated space astronomy mission, AstroSat has completed five years in orbit and continues to generate important results. Most onboard systems are healthy and the mission is expected to continue to operate for many more years. Plans for space astronomy missions beyond AstroSat, are under discussion for some time. These are based on responses from the Indian research community to an announcement of Opportunity call in early 2018. Here we discuss, an outline of the science focus of future space astronomy missions, under consideration. Keywords. Space astronomy—AstroSat—Indian space missions. 1. Introduction detectors). AstroSat’s unique proposal-driven obser- vational program was a new experience for ISRO. It was With the advent of India’s space program in the 60’s, also designed to respond quickly to Target-of-Oppor- the country has sustained a modest but expanding tunities when unexpected events/states occurring in program in space astronomy.
    [Show full text]