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Hatay Araştırmaları-V HATAY ARAŞTIRMALARI-V DOGUNUN KRALiÇESi EDİTÖRLER: Prof. Dr. Ahmet GÜNDÜZ & Doç. Dr. Haydar ÇORUH & Dr. Süleyman HATİPOĞLU HATAY ARAŞTIRMALARI-V DOĞUNUN KRALİÇESİ Editörler Prof. Dr. Ahmet GÜNDÜZ & Doç. Dr. Haydar ÇORUH & Dr. Süleyman HATİPOĞLU Hatay 2020 Copyright © 2020 by iksad publishing house All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Institution of Economic Development and Social Researches Publications® (The Licence Number of Publicator: 2014/31220) TURKEY TR: +90 342 606 06 75 USA: +1 631 685 0 853 E mail: [email protected] www.iksadyayinevi.com It is responsibility of the author to abide by the publishing ethics rules. Iksad Publications – 2020© ISBN: 978-625-7687-40-9 Cover Design: İbrahim KAYA December / 2020 Ankara / Turkey Size = 16 x 24 cm Kapak Resmi: (1944 Yılında Antakya’dan Bir Görüntü) Kaynak: http://www.eskiturkiye.net/3459/eski-antakya-1944#lg=0&slide=0 İÇİNDEKİLER ÖNSÖZ .................................................................................................1 BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM BAHAR KALKANI HAREKÂTI ....................................................11 Davud KAPUCU İKİNCİ BÖLÜM HATAY’IN KURTULUŞ YILDÖNÜMÜ KUTLAMALARI .......63 Yelda TUTAR SERTER ÜÇÜNCÜ BÖLÜM HATAY DEVLETİ CUMHURBAŞKANI TAYFUR SÖKMEN’İN GÖZÜYLE ATATÜRK ....................................................................99 Yahya YILMAZ DÖRDÜNCÜ BÖLÜM MİSAK-I MİLLİ EKSENİNDE HATAY SORUNU ...................151 Gürdal Çetinkaya BEŞİNCİ BÖLÜM OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NİN ORTADOĞU COĞRAFYASINDA İNGİLİZ-FRANSIZ NÜFUZ MÜCADELESİ .............................169 Süleyman HATİPOĞLU ALTINCI BÖLÜM BİRİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI’NDA SİNA-FİLİSTİN-SURİYE CEPHESİ .........................................................................................195 Necdet AYSAL & Erdal KORKMAZ YEDİNCİ BÖLÜM ÜÇÜNCÜ KOLORDU VE BİRİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI SONLARINDAKİ FAALİYETLERİ ............................................275 Enes DEMİR SEKİZİNCİ BÖLÜM HATAY’DA EĞİTİME FARKLI YÖNLERDEN BAKIŞ ..........321 Ömer Faruk KADAN DOKUZUNCU BÖLÜM AMİK OVASI VE ASİ HAVZASI’NDAKİ SU TAŞKINLARI SORUNU VE SORUNUN ÇÖZÜMÜ ...........................................345 Mehmet YILDIRIM ONUNCU BÖLÜM OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NİN SON DÖNEMLERİNDE HALEP VİLAYETİ MERKEZ HAPİSHANESİ ........................................369 Yüksel BABANINOĞLU ON BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM TÜRKİYE SELÇUKLU DEVLETİ’NİN KURULUŞ SÜRECİNDE ANTAKYA ..............................................................397 Sedat BİLİNİR ON İKİNCİ BÖLÜM MEMLÛKLER DÖNEMİNDE ANTAKYA ÇARŞISI: TİCARÎ MEKÂNLAR VE MESLEK GRUPLARI .....................................439 Mehmet Yusüf ÇELİK ON ÜÇÜNCÜ BÖLÜM HALEB ATABEGLİĞİ-ANTAKYA PRİNKEPSLİĞİ ARASINDAKİ BİRKAÇ ÖNEMLİ SAVAŞ: YAĞRA, TELL- İNNİB VE EFAMİYE .....................................................................473 Abdulcelil IŞIK ON DÖRDÜNCÜ BÖLÜM SYRIA PRIMA’DAKİ ANTIOKHEIA TERİTORYUMU GEÇ ANTİK DÖNEM BAZİLİKAL PLANLI KİLİSELERİ VE BEMALI AYİN DÜZENİ ...............................................................489 Orçun ERDOĞAN ON BEŞİNCİ BÖLÜM KIBRIS ERMENİ LEJYONU VE LEJYONERLER HAKKINDA YAZILAN ESERLER .....................................................................513 Haydar ÇORUH ON ALTINCI BÖLÜM SURİYE DIŞ TİCARETİNDE TARIM ÜRÜNLERİ VE SURİYE’NİN YENİDEN İNŞASINDA TARIM SEKTÖRÜNÜN ÖNEMİ .............................................................................................555 Güven ŞAHİN ON YEDİNCİ BÖLÜM KARACAOĞLAN’IN ŞİİRLERİNDE RENKLER .....................599 Bülent ARI & Zehra ANAZ ÖNSÖZ İlki 2010 yılında Antakya Belediyesi sponsorluğunda basılan Antakya Araştırmaları serisi günümüze kadar dört sayı olarak yayınlanmıştır. Ayrıca 2019 yılı içerisinde Hatay’ın anavatana katılışının 80. yıl dönümü münasebetiyle özel bir sayı hazırlanmıştır. 17 makaleden oluşan bu çalışma ile beşinci sayı tamamlanmış bulunmaktadır. Alanında uzman araştırmacılar tarafından yazılmış olan her bir makale çalışmada ayrı bir bölüm olarak sunulmuştur. Birinci bölümün yazarı Davud Kapucu Bahar Kalkanı Harekâtı adlı makalede 27 Şubat 2020’de 36 Türk askerinin şehit edilmesi sonrasında başlatılan Bahar Kalkanı Harekâtı ile bölgedeki insani drama bir çözüm bulunması ve mülteci sorununun yerinde çözüme kavuşturlması amaçlamıştır. Türkiye Bahar Kalkanı Harekâtı da dâhil olmak üzere gerçekleştirdiği tüm sınır ötesi operasyonlarda hiçbir ülkenin toprağında gözü olmadığını açıkça ifade etmiş ve bu harekâtın Suriye’de barış ve istikrarın sağlanmasına yönelik olduğunu her defasında dile getirmiştir. Bu harekât sonrasında, Moskova Mutabakatı imzalanmıştır. 5 Mart 2020’de Moskova’da gerçekleştirilen zirvede, İdlip’te ateşkesin sağlanması, M4 Karayolu’nda güvenli koridor oluşturulması ve M4 Karayolu’nun Trumba’dan (Serakib’in 2 kilometre batısı) Ayn El Havra’ya kadar olan kesimi boyunca Rusya ve Türkiye tarafından ortak devriye yapılması kararlaştırılarak, Suriye barışına katkı sağlanmaya devam edilmesinin temin edildiğini ifade etmiştir. 1 İkinci bölümün yazarı Yelda Tutar Serter Hatay’ın Kurtuluş Yıl Dönümü Kutlamaları adlı bölümde 23 Temmuz 1939 tarihinde başlatılan kurtuluş günü etkinliklerinin tarihsel süreç içinde artan bir önem ve coşku ile kutlanmaya devam edildiğini ifade etmektedir. “Hatay kurtuluş gününe sevinçlerle bütün vatan, bütün vatandaşlar iştirak ediyor. Hataylılara refahlı ve bahtiyar yaşayış istiyoruz.” sözleriyle İsmet İnönü Hatay Kurtuluş Bayramı’nın önminden bahsettiğine vurgu yapan Serter, Kurtuluş Bayramı etkinliklerinin dönemin basın kuruluşlarına yansımalarını da dikkate alarak makalesinde genel bir çerçeve çizmekte ve yazısını muhtelif görsellerle güçlendirmektedir. Üçüncü bölümün yazarı Yahya Yılmaz ise Hatay Devleti Cumhurbaşkanı Tayfur Sökmen’in Gözüyle Atatürk adlı yazısında “Sökmen, Atatürk’ü hiç kimse ile kıyaslanamaz bir şekilde eşsiz görmektedir. Bu durum körü körüne bir bağlılık değildir. Atatürk’ü tanıdığı ilk günden itibaren, Hatay ve Türkiye için yaptıkları, ona bir ömür minnet duymasına yeterlidir. Sökmen’in Hatay mücadelesinde ve siyasi yaşamında hep bir dayanak olarak gördüğü Atatürk’ü ömrünün sonuna kadar saygı, sevgi ve vefayla anmıştır. Onun yaptıklarına olan güveni de kendi yaptıkları veya yapacakları için her zaman cesaret vermiştir. Atatürk’e güvenmesi onu lider görmesi kendi liderliğini de güçlendirmiştir” ifadeleriyle Tayfur Sökmen’in Atatürk sevgisini ortaya koyan bir yazı kaleme almıştır. Yazının sonunda ise “Tayfur Sökmen’in gözünde Atatürk, Türk milletine hayat vermiştir.” diyerek konuyu bağlamıştır. 2 HATAY ARAŞTIRMALARI-V DOĞUNUN KRALİÇESİ Dördüncü bölümün yazarı Gürdal Çetinkaya, Misak-ı Milli Ekseninde Hatay Sorunu başlıklı çalışmasında Hatay’ın Misak-ı Milli içerisinde ne şekilde yer aldığını ve Atatürk’ün konuya nasıl baktığını ele almıştır. Atatürk’ün izlediği diplomasinin Hatay sorununun çözümünde etkin olduğunu, sorunu son aşamaya kadar getirirken, sadece Hatay’ın bağımsızlığından söz ettiğini, buna rağmen Türkiye’ye iltihakı konusuna hiç girmediğini belirtirken Atatürk’ün düşüncesinde bağımsız bir Hatay’ın her durumda Türkiye ile işbirliği içinde olacağına inandığını ileri sürmüştür. Bu açıdan bakıldığında Hatay’ın, Atatürk’ün Türk Milletine hediye ettiği en son eser olduğuna dikkat çekmektedir. Beşinci bölümün yazarı Süleyman Hatipoğlu Osmanlı Devleti’nin Ortadoğu Coğrafyasında İngiliz-Fransız Nüfuz Mücadelesi adlı çalışmasında İtilaf Devletleri’nin Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan galip çıkmasıyla Osmanlı Devleti aleyhine bazı gizli anlaşmalar yaptıklarını, ancak bu anlaşmaların Bolşevikler tarafından ifşa edildiğini, buna rağmen Osmanlı Devleti’nin bu anlaşmalar doğrultusunda parçalandığına dikkat çekmiştir. Buna İtilaf Devletleri, aralarındaki rekabet nedeniyle uyuşamayınca bu durumu değerlendiren Mustafa Kemal, iki devleti birbiriyle çatışma noktasına getirmiş ve Fransa ile 20 Ekim 1921 tarihinde Ankara İtilafnamesini imzalayarak, İngiltere’yi yalnız bırakmaya muvaffak olmuştu. Hatipoğlu, bu aşamadan sonra İtalya’yı yanına alan Fransa’nın Türkler karşısında İngilizleri yalnız bıraktığını ifade ederek, Türk başarılarının İngilizleri masaya oturmaya zorladığına dikkat çekmektedir. 3 Altıncı bölümün yazarı Necdet Aysal ve Erdal Korkmaz Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Sina-Filistin Suriye Cephesi adlı makalede Napolyon’un bir sözüne atıfta bulunarak “Savaşlar daha büyük bataryalarla kazanılır.” ifadesiyle Sina-Filistin-Suriye Cephesi’nin nasıl oluşturulmuş olduğuna dikkat çekmiştir. Yazarlar, Türk Ordusu’nun bütün zayıflığına rağmen, İngilizlerin yaklaşık 120 bin kişilik bir ordu ile cephede olduklarını, savaşın kaybeden tarafının Türkler olmasına rağmen, Türkün azim ve kararlılığının ancak böyle büyük bir ordu karşısında test edilebileceğini ifade etmişlerdir. Yedinci bölümün yazarı Enes Demir, Üçüncü Kolordu Ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı Sonlarındaki Faaliyetleri adlı makalesinde Osmanlı 3’üncü Kolordusu hakkında bilgi vermektedir. 1911 yılında kurulan ordunun ilk olarak Balkan Savaşları’nda Trakya bölgesinde görev yaptığını, Tekirdağ’da konuşlu olduğu sırada en hızlı şekilde seferberliğini tamamlayan birlik olarak Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın başlamasıyla Gelibolu’ya kaydırıldığını bu süreçte Çanakkale’de kurulan 5’inci Ordu’ya bağlı olduğunu belirtir. Arıburnu ve Seddülbahir’deki muharebelerde önemli başarılar elde eden 3’üncü
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