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JOINT REVIEW PANEL FOR THE ENBRIDGE NORTHERN GATEWAY PROJECT COMMISSION D’EXAMEN CONJOINT DU PROJET ENBRIDGE NORTHERN GATEWAY Hearing Order OH-4-2011 Ordonnance d’audience OH-4-2011 Northern Gateway Pipelines Inc. Enbridge Northern Gateway Project Application of 27 May 2010 Demande de Northern Gateway Pipelines Inc. du 27 mai 2010 relative au projet Enbridge Northern Gateway VOLUME 122 Hearing held at Audience tenue à Delta Victoria Ocean Pointe Hotel & Spa 45 Songhees Road Victoria, British Columbia January 10, 2013 Le 10 janvier 2013 International Reporting Inc. Ottawa, Ontario (613) 748-6043 © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2013 © Sa Majesté du Chef du Canada 2013 as represented by the Minister of the Environment représentée par le Ministre de l’Environnement et and the National Energy Board l’Office national de l’énergie This publication is the recorded verbatim transcript Cette publication est un compte rendu textuel des and, as such, is taped and transcribed in either of the délibérations et, en tant que tel, est enregistrée et official languages, depending on the languages transcrite dans l’une ou l’autre des deux langues spoken by the participant at the public hearing. officielles, compte tenu de la langue utilisée par le participant à l’audience publique. Printed in Canada Imprimé au Canada HEARING /AUDIENCE OH-4-2011 IN THE MATTER OF an application filed by the Northern Gateway Pipelines Limited Partnership for a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity pursuant to section 52 of the National Energy Board Act, for authorization to construct and operate the Enbridge Northern Gateway Project. HEARING LOCATION/LIEU DE L'AUDIENCE Hearing held in Victoria (British Columbia), Thursday, January 10, 2013 Audience tenue à Victoria (Colombie-Britannique), jeudi, le 10 janvier 2013 JOINT REVIEW PANEL/LA COMMISSION D’EXAMEN CONJOINT S. Leggett Chairperson/Présidente K. Bateman Member/Membre H. Matthews Member/Membre Transcript Hearing Order OH-4-2011 ORAL STATEMENTS/EXPOSÉS ORAUX Don Armstrong Joanna Dudley Cecil Bannister Brian Ferguson Frank Behrens Sam Foster Rita Bijons Bruce Fraser Annie Birchett Rebecca Hansen Esther Callo Marian Hargrove Terry Dance-Bennink Wayne R. Harling Tema Dawn Brent Heath Susan Draper Colette Henegghan Donna Humphries Karen Hurley Lynn Husted Sonya Ignatieff Robert Iverson Nancy Issenman Rachel Mason Elizabeth Kaller Emmy Preston Eva Kerr Joanna Runnells Freda Knott Don Startin John McDonald Jane Sterk Pat McMahon Henry Summerfield Anne Moon Peter Sundberg Michele Murphy John Van Beek Kathy Page Kathleen Wilkins Richard Steel Taren Phillips Catherine Alpha Joan Russow Doug Brubaker Fran Thoburn Jean-Daniel Cusin Heather Thomson Keith Fitzgibbon Lesley Watson Flora Di Cunto Annette Witteman Transcript Hearing Order OH-4-2011 ERRATA (i) Tuesday, January 8, 2013 - Volume 120 Paragraph No.: Should read: 20524: “...it’s a dance...” “...it’s dense...” 20548: “...provide a total of 1.33 billion per cleanup “...provide a total of 1.33 billion for cleanup and compensation.” and compensation.” 20554: “Enbridge legally covered themselves with “Enbridge legally covered themselves with big language...” vague language...” Transcript Hearing Order OH-4-2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS/TABLE DES MATIÈRES (i) Description Paragraph No./No. de paragraphe Opening remarks by the Chairperson 22425 Oral statement by Don Armstrong 22431 Oral statement by Cecil Bannister 22459 Oral statement by Frank Behrens 22481 Oral statement by Rita Bijons 22495 Oral statement by Annie Birchett 22525 Oral statement by Esther Callo 22535 Oral statement by Tema Dawn 22566 Oral statement by Susan Draper 22604 Oral statement by Terry Dance-Bennink 22631 Oral statement by Donna Humphries 22656 Oral statement by Lynn Husted 22678 Oral statement by Robert Iverson 22699 Oral statement by Rachel Mason 22726 Oral statement by Emmy Preston 22761 Oral statement by Joanna Runnells 22790 Oral statement by Don Startin 22816 Oral statement by Jane Sterk 22841 Oral statement by Henry Summerfield 22872 Oral statement by Peter Sundberg 22887 Oral statement by John Van Beek 22912 Oral statement by Kathleen Wilkins 22932 Oral statement by Wayne R. Harling 22950 Oral statement by Catherine Alpha 22979 Oral statement by Doug Brubaker 23003 Oral statement by Jean-Daniel Cusin 23040 Oral statement by Keith Fitzgibbon 23071 Oral statement by Joan Russow 23106 Oral statement by Flora Di Cunto 23144 Oral statement by Joanna Dudley 23170 Oral statement by Brian Ferguson 23211 Oral statement by Sam Foster 23223 Oral statement by Bruce Fraser 23247 Oral statement by Rebecca Hansen 23272 Oral statement by Marian Hargrove 23290 Oral statement by Brent Heath 23316 Oral statement by Colette Henegghan 23339 Transcript Hearing Order OH-4-2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS/TABLE DES MATIÈRES (ii) Description Paragraph No./No. de paragraphe Oral statement by Nancy Issenman 23366 Oral statement by Karen Hurley 23380 Oral statement by Sonya Ignatieff 23399 Oral statement by Freda Knott 23420 Oral statement by Elizabeth Kaller 23442 Oral statement by Pat McMahon 23455 Oral statement by Lesley Watson 23484 Oral statement by Anne Moon 23506 Oral statement by Michele Murphy 23535 Oral statement by Eva Kerr 23543 Oral statement by John McDonald 23573 Oral statement by Kathy Page 23611 Oral statement by Richard Steel 23636 Oral statement by Taren Phillips 23650 Oral statement by Fran Thoburn 23669 Oral statement by Heather Thomson 23694 Oral statement by Annette Witteman 23719 Transcript Hearing Order OH-4-2011 Oral statements Exposés oraux --- Upon commencing at 9:04 a.m./L’audience débute à 9h04 22425. THE CHAIRPERSON: Good morning, everybody. Welcome to this morning's session of oral statements in Victoria. 22426. My name is Sheila Leggett, and on my right is Mr. Bateman and --- 22427. MEMBER BATEMAN: Good morning. 22428. THE CHAIRPERSON: --- my left is Mr. Matthews. 22429. MEMBER MATTHEWS: Good morning. 22430. THE CHAIRPERSON: Mr. Armstrong, please begin with your oral statement when you're ready. --- ORAL STATEMENT BY/EXPOSÉ ORAL PAR DR. DON ARMSTRONG: 22431. DR. DON ARMSTRONG: My name is Don Armstrong, a retired medical doctor. I am neither an alarmist nor an eco-terrorist. What I am, though, is an extremely concerned citizen. 22432. I am also one of a growing number of people who believes that due to the widespread environmental degradation brought on by reckless resource exploration and development, global warning and climate change, the planet is rushing headlong toward its own cliff. It is imperative for future generations that we begin immediately to make the environment a top priority. Unless we do, the world as we know it will have a grim future. 22433. I am, therefore, strongly opposed to the Northern Gateway Project because of the environmental havoc it threatens. 22434. As the American author, Wendell Barry, wrote, "The care of the earth is our most ancient and most worthy responsibility. To cherish what remains of it and to foster its renewal is our only hope". 22435. This project does not stand alone. It has to be looked at in the context of the larger global picture, and it is that context to which I draw your attention today. Transcript Hearing Order OH-4-2011 Oral statements Exposés oraux 22436. The earth's atmosphere seems vast to a person sheltered beneath it, but various astronauts have noted how tissue-thin it is against the black vastness of space. This is what we are tampering with when we talk about global warming, and that warming is occurring at an increasing rate, caused in large part by the man-made rise in carbon emissions from burning fossil fuels. 22437. As a result of global warming, the climate is changing with rising sea levels, warmer temperatures, fewer cold days and an increase in extreme weather such as floods, droughts and storms. Think polar ice melt, Australian heat waves and wildfires, major flooding in several countries, droughts and record temperatures in the U.S., Hurricane Sandy. 22438. In the entire 20th century, the world as a whole has warmed an average of 1 degree Centigrade, but since 1960 some areas of the Arctic have warmed 4 to 5 degrees. In 2011, Arctic summer ice sea melt -- Arctic Sea ice melt melted over an area greater than the U.S. states east of the Mississippi River. 22439. If the Arctic ice continues to melt, there is a risk that the permafrost which contains an estimated 1,700 tonnes of methane, having 20 times the warming effect of carbon, will be released and a vicious cycle accelerated. 22440. According to the Kofi Annan Foundation, 300,000 people already perish each year from climate change-related causes, mostly in the world's poorest areas. 22441. As conventional oil is running out, the industry has turned to what has been labelled extreme oil, which uses methods that require boring a mile or more below the ground surface to inject chemicals, sand, massive amounts of water and/or heat that separates the oil from rock or shale. These techniques require huge amounts of energy to produce oil and there is documented proof that groundwater contamination does occur. 22442. As the British historian, Arnold Toynbee, said: "Prospects for the survival of the human race were considerably better when we were defenceless against tigers than they are today when we have become defenceless against ourselves." 22443. What is the evidence that the health of the ocean is deteriorating at an Transcript Hearing Order OH-4-2011 Oral statements Exposés oraux alarming rate? Some of the reasons are, apart from massive overfishing, increased acidity from the absorption of carbon dioxide, the dumping of plastic, unexplained dead zones and oil. 22444. The stronger acidity dissolves the shells of crustaceans and coral, not only killing adults but also destroying their eggs. Gigantic collections of plastic have been discovered floating as well as covering the ocean floor in both the Atlantic and Pacific.