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Home , Alex Blumberg, Alex Chadwick, All Things Considered, Andrea Seabrook, Ari Shapiro, Bob Boilen

THE FIRST FORTY YEARS INTRODUCTION by

Shiny little platters. Not even five inches across. How could they possibly contain the soundtrack of four decades? How could the phone calls, the encounters, the danger, the desperation, the exhilaration and big, big laughs from two score years be compressed onto a handful of CDs?

If you’ve lived with NPR, as so many of us have for so many years, you’ll be astonished at how many of these reports and conversations and reveries you remember—or how many come back to you (like familiar songs) after hearing just a few seconds of sound. And you’ll be amazed by how much you’ve missed—loyal as you are, you were too busy that day, or too distracted, or out of town, or giving birth (guess that falls under the “too distracted” category). Many of you have integrated NPR into your daily lives; you feel personally connected with it. NPR has gotten you through some fairly dramatic moments. Not just important historical events, but personal moments as well. I’ve been told that a woman’s terror during a CAT scan was tamed by the voice of on Science Friday being piped into the dreaded scanner tube. So much of life is here. War, from the horrors of Vietnam to the brutalities that evanescent medium—they came to life, then disappeared. Now, of . Politics, from the intrigue of Watergate to the drama of the Anita on these CDs, all the extraordinary people and places and sounds Hill- controversy. And raw emotion, from heroics and and sagas come back again, make grand reappearances, and help heartbreak in on 9/11 to a couple in Chengdu, China searching us remember where we were when... and how NPR let us experience for their family in the rubble of a devastating earthquake. There are aural and understand it. salutes to creativity—­from the outrageous Little Richard to the unique observations of . Whimsy is here too—or at least evidence I’ve always felt that my microphone was a kind of magic wand, waved that we’re not always so serious: wander into a dark closet to see if against silence. With it, I could bring pieces of days and ideas and Wint-O-Green® Life Savers® make sparks when chewed. Get driving explanations to my listeners. All of the radio broadcasters on these lessons from Click and Clack. Try to keep a straight face when Dame CDs wield such wands. With them, and through the particular magic Edna takes over the microphone. that is radio, they’ve caught stories that might not have been told. Now, here, the stories are told again. And again and again, if you should wish! These slices of life from radio—that most intimate medium—are first-draft accounts, in sound, of four decades of history. On radio— THE FACES OF NPR

Susan Stamberg, , Ivan Watson , , Jay Kernis,

Jean Cochran, President Carter & , , Elizabeth Blair, & , Cookie Monster, ,

Nina Totenberg, Renée Montagne & , Alex Chadwick, , 1974 , , Scott Simon

Peter Breslow, Robert Siegel, NPR Board of Directors 1970s, & , , Linda Wertheimer, , Ira Flatow,

Michele Norris, Renée Montagne, Susan Stamberg, , Cokie Roberts, Linda Wertheimer, Carl Kasell, , Peter Sagal & Carl Kasell Christopher Joyce

Nina Totenberg, Scott Simon Tom Gjelten, Ravi Shankar & Susan Stamberg CD 1 1970s

1 Introduction by Susan Stamberg (1:43) 7 Aftermath of Three Mile Island (7:45) All Things Considered, April 8, 1979 2 May Day Demonstration in Washington Against the Vietnam War (11:01) Cokie Roberts drives to the heart of the disaster, where she encounters All Things Considered, May 3, 1971 a grave uncertainty faced by many victims of the unprecedented The very first broadcast ofAll Things Considered featured eyewitness nuclear accident. accounts of the largest antiwar protest in the history of Washington, DC. 8 John Henry Faulk on the Bicentennial (4:25) 3 Life Savers® Give Off Sparks (4:04) Celebration ‘76, July 4, 1976 All Things Considered, July 26, 1979 A master storyteller and First Amendment advocate reflects In the name of science, Susan Stamberg and Ira Flatow famously on America’s bicentennial. put a long-running debate to rest. 9 Pickle Ranch: Family Run (4:38) 4 Special Coverage of President Nixon’s Resignation (4:26) All Things Considered, May 14, 1979 All Things Considered, August 8, 1974 Scott Simon reports from Eastern on a very special ranch Susan Stamberg and Mike Waters host a live call-in show as citizens share in the heart of pickle country. divided views in reaction to the news of President Nixon’s resignation. 10 Life at the South Pole (12:45) 5 Nazi Demonstration at Marquette Park (8:44) All Things Considered, December 19, 1979 All Things Considered, July 9, 1978 Ira Flatow ventures to Antarctica, where important research is carried Scott Simon reports from the scene of a Nazi march in , IL. out under extreme conditions.

6  and the $5 Bill (6:13) 11 Sunset (4:24) All Things Considered, January 5, 1977 All Things Considered, June 10, 1971 Robert Krulwich takes a hard-boiled look at the secrets buried within Mike Waters equates the glories of an evening sunset with a theatrical the fabric of the inconspicuous Lincoln note. production, and gives it a glowing review. CD 2 1980s

1 Introduction by Noah Adams (1:06) 7 Yuppie Anguish: A Concept for the ‘80s (2:29) All Things Considered, July 9, 1985 2 Watching a Solar Eclipse with Your Head in a Box (3:11) Ian Shoales of Duck’s Breath Mystery Theatre ponders the phenomenon All Things Considered, May 30, 1983 of materialism, yuppies and Madonna. Susan Stamberg and Noah Adams take a cardboard box to the roof of NPR headquarters to watch a solar eclipse. 8 Jim Crow: Blacks Survived with Dignity (2:40) All Things Considered, January 15, 1984 3 Revolution in Prague (13:02) Commentator Vertamae Grosvenor talks about growing up during Saturday, December 9, 1989 segregation. Alex Chadwick captures the spirit of the Czechoslovakians in his eyewitness account of the Velvet Revolution. 9 Challenger Disaster (2:32) All Things Considered, February 20, 1986 4 Fridays with Red: A Retrospective (3:25) Daniel Zwerdling reports on efforts by Morton Thiokol rocket engineers , November 5, 1999 to abort the ill-fated Challenger mission. Walter “Red” Barber spent decades calling baseball games and cat-bird fights, and most of the 1980s visiting with 10 Roger Boisjoly, Morton Thiokol Engineer (4:40) on Morning Edition. All Things Considered, April 16, 1987 Howard Berkes speaks to Roger Boisjoly, one of the Morton Thiokol 5 Miniskirt: Fashion Industry Mistake (3:12) engineers who tried to stop the Challenger launch. Morning Edition, March 11, 1988 Nina Totenberg trains her legal eye on the latest fashion transgression. 11 Goodbye, Saigon (25:35) All Things Considered, April 29, 1985 6 Little Richard, the Quasar of Rock (5:23) Remembrances of the fall of Saigon from those who managed Morning Edition, October 5, 1984 the difficult evacuation, and those who were left behind. Bob Edwards interviews musical legend Little Richard. CD 3 1990s

1 Introduction by Renée Montagne (:44) 7 President Clinton Interview (4:45) All Things Considered, January 21, 1998 2 Driving Lesson with Click and Clack (7:09) Robert Siegel and talk with President about Weekend Edition, June 22, 1996 allegations that he had an affair with a intern—and a ’s let student driver Scott Simon take possible cover-up. the wheel as they share some laughs—and a few rules of the road. 8 Objects of Affection (3:54) 3 Clarence Thomas Accused of Sexual Harassment (7:59) All Things Considered, August 19, 1998 Weekend Edition Sunday, October 6, 1991 Inspired by the necktie given as a gift from to President Nina Totenberg breaks a story that dominated the headlines in the Clinton, Steve Inskeep explores what other people do with the presents ‘90s and continues to affect the nomination process of potential Supreme they receive from former spouses and lovers. Court justices. 9  Interview (7:09) 4 Prom Night (8:51) with Terry Gross, February 6, 1997 All Things Considered, June 21, 1994 Terry Gross sits down with cutting-edge comedian Chris Rock and sheds some tags along with a group of students taking part in the great light on what makes the funny man tick. American rite of passage—prom night. 10 Adolescence in War-Torn Bosnia (8:18) 5 Dorothy West and the Harlem Renaissance (9:58) All Things Considered, August 26, 1993 All Things Considered, March 6, 1995 Irena Milic introduces Scott Simon to the social and psychological hurdles Susan Stamberg revisits the remarkable career of Dorothy West and tours a teenage girl faces living in a war zone. Martha’s Vineyard with the island’s most illustrious woman of letters. 11 Santaland Diaries (8:52) 6 Rwanda Carnage Claims Over 500,000 Lives (9:57) Morning Edition, December 23, 1992 All Things Considered, June 13, 1994 David Sedaris makes a special connection with NPR listeners when he A country of killers and a country of victims. Rural residents, both shares his misadventures as a Christmas elf. Hutu and Tutsi, offer some perspective on a society in crisis. CD 4 2000s

1 Introduction by Guy Raz (1:23) 8 War Update: View from Baghdad (4:37) All Things Considered, April 9, 2003 2 : Giant Pool of Money (10:09) Anne Garrels witnesses the transition of power as U.S. Marines sweep into the All Things Considered, May 9, 2008 city, topple Saddam Hussein’s dictatorship and leave Iraqis with mixed emotions. Adam Davidson and explain how rising defaults on subprime mortgages in the U.S. became a global financial crisis. 9 Katrina: The Chertoff Interview (5:53) All Things Considered, September 1, 2005 3 A Bit of a Chat with Dame Edna (11:15) Robert Siegel presses Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff Weekend Edition Saturday, January 25, 2003 for answers in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. Self-described “megastar” and “advisor to royalty,” Dame Edna Everage takes a break from her tour to talk with “little” Scott Simon. 10 Stuck and Suicidal in Post-Katrina Trailer Park (7:33) All Things Considered, August 7, 2007 4 Change Has Come (2:46) Two years after Hurricane Katrina, families are desperate to leave a FEMA trailer Weekend Edition Sunday, November 9, 2008 park deep in the Mississippi woods that was intended as their temporary home. Daniel Schorr marks the 2008 presidential election by providing some historical context—and some emotional perspective. 11 April Fool’s: New England Suffers Maple Woes (8:05) All Things Considered, April 1, 2005 5 Vernon Jordan on Politics, Obama and Civil Rights (4:09) A downturn in the maple syrup market has had unbelievably volatile results , November 19, 2008 for some hardworking tree-tappers in Vermont. From civil rights attorney to White House advisor, Vernon Jordan looks back on his amazing career and the role of leaders on our nation’s journey 12 Couple Frantic to Find Loved Ones in Rubble (9:33) to equality for all. All Things Considered, May 14, 2008 A couple works desperately to reach their parents and young child, still 6 September 11, 2001 (:49) trapped in the rubble of China’s devastating earthquake. 9 a.m. Newscast Carl Kasell’s initial report on the September 11th attacks. 13 Safety, Prosperity Return to Afghan Village (8:00) Morning Edition, October 20, 2006 7 StoryCorps: Wives, Daughters, Mothers (3:27) Renée Montagne finds calm in Istalif, the center of ’s pottery Morning Edition, September 8, 2006 industry, where international aid has been used to improve lives. Monique Ferrer remembers her ex-husband Michael Trinidad, a victim of the September 11th attack on the World Trade Center. THE FACES OF NPR* 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 NPR West Bureau: Patti 16 Elizabeth Arnold, 1999 Neighmond; Ina Jaffe; Leo del 17 Chicago Bureau Staff 1980 Aguila; Renée Montagne & Mandalit del Barco, 1995 18 2 Maury Schlesinger, 1981 19 Brendan Banaszak & Melissa Block, 2008 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 Nikki Silva & Davia Nelson, 2008 20 Richard L. Harris & Ira Glass, 1986 4 Jay Kernis 21 Robert Siegel & , 1986 5 Mara Liasson, 1994 22 Anne Garrels, 1989 6 All Things Considered Staff 1989 23 Ralph Wood 7 David Isay, 1996 24 Switching Console 13 14 15 16 17 18 8 Noah Adams, 2001 25 & 9 All Things Considered Hosts, 1987 26 Linda Wertheimer & Kris Mortensen 10 Ellen Weiss, 1985 27 Linda Wertheimer 11 Jason Beaubien, 2008 28 Alan Berlow, Cadi Simon, Ted Clark 12 Josh Darsa & John Dinges, 1987 13 Bob Edwards & Carl Kasell, 1981 19 20 21 22 23 24 29 , 2007 14 Ira Flatow, 1974 30 Leo del Aguila & Scott Simon, 1984 15 Ari Shaprio, 2006

*Dates provided when available. 25 26 27 28 29 30 THE FACES OF NPR* 31 32 33 34 35 36 31 Robert Siegel, 2008 46 32 Jay Kernis, 1978 47-8 Renée Montagne 33 Michele Norris, 2007 49 Ari Shaprio, 2008 34 Anne Garrels, 2003 50 Linda Wertheimer, 1983 37 38 39 40 41 42 35 Scott Simon, 2002 51 Ira Flatow & Penguins, 1979 36 Renée Montagne & Steve Inskeep 52 Melissa Block, 2003 37 Elizabeth Blair, 2008 53 Jean Cochran, 2002 38 Cookie Monster, 2008 54 Tom Gjelten, 1994 39 Cokie Roberts 55 Bob Boilen, 2004 43 44 45 46 47 48 40 Nina Totenberg 56 Carl Kasell, 2004 41 Ravi Shankar & Susan Stamberg 57 Peter Sagal, 2004 42 Carl Kasell, 1977 58 Susan Stamberg, 1975 43 Alex Chadwick, 1988 59 Christopher Joyce, 2006 44 Frank Deford, 2009 60 Guy Raz, 2002 49 50 51 52 53 54 45 Reel-to-Reel Tapes

*Dates provided when available. 55 56 57 58 59 60 THE FACES OF NPR* 61 62 63 64 65 66 61 Linda Wertheimer & Manoli 76 Bob Boilen, 2008 Wetherel, 1985 77 The Kitchen Sisters, 1979 62 , 2003 78 Bruce Wahl & Crew 63 Mara Liasson, President Bill 79 Michele Norris, 2008 Clinton, Michael Cullen & Margaret 67 68 69 70 71 72 Low Smith, 1998 80 Art Silverman, 1986 64 & Roy Blount, Jr. 81 Stephen Thompson & Lars Gotrich 65 Bill Drummond, 1984 82 Patrick Jarenwattananon & Mike Katzif 66 Lourdes Garcia-Navarro, 2007 83 All Things Considered Staff, 1981 67-8 Art Silverman, 1978 84 , 1981 73 74 75 76 77 78 69 Bob Edwards & Carl Kasell, 1973 85 Daniel Schorr, 2006 70 David Folkenflik, 2008 86 Renée Montagne, 2007 71 Steve Inskeep, 2003 87 Terry Gross & , 1996 72 Michele Norris & Don Gonyea, 2009 88 Guy Raz, 2003 73 Ray & Tom Magliozzi & Scott Simon 89 Linda Wertheimer 79 80 81 82 83 84 74 Leo del Aguila, 1999 90 Susan Stamberg, 1979 75 Susan Stamberg

*Dates provided when available. 85 86 87 88 89 90 THE FACES OF NPR* 91 92 93 94 95 96 91 Melissa Block, 2004 108 Scott Simon, 1979 92 Nina Totenberg, 1980 109 Peter Breslow, 2006 93 Susan Stamberg, 1982 110 Robert Siegel, 1980 94 Terry Gross, 2004 111 Noah Adams & Linda Wertheimer 97 98 99 100 101 102 95 Ivan Watson, 2004 112 Soraya Sarhaddi Nelson 96 Julie McCarthy, 1997 113 Guy Raz, 2007 97 Tom Bowman, 2006 114 NPR Board of Directors 1970s 98-9 Tom Gjelten, 1987 115 Michele Norris, 2008 100 Alex Chadwick & Lynn Neary, 1985 116 Renée Montagne, 2002 103 104 105 106 107 108 101 Daniel Schorr, 1987 117 Cokie Roberts, 1980 102 Michel Martin, 2007 118 Linda Wertheimer, 1980 103 President Carter & Corey Flintoff 119 Peter Sagal & Carl Kasell 104-5 Tom Bullock 120 Scott Simon, 2008 106-7 All Things Considered Staff, 1974 109 110 111 112 113 114

*Dates provided when available. 115 116 117 118 119 120