UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Katedra Muzikologie

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UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Katedra Muzikologie UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Katedra muzikologie Historie, současnost a analýza Muzea umění v Olomouci History, present and analysis of the Olomouc Museum of Art BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE Autor: Marie Bryksová Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Lenka Křupková, Ph.D. Olomouc 2017 Prohlašuji, že předložená práce je mým původním autorským dílem, které jsem vypracovala samostatně. Veškerou literaturu a další zdroje, z nichž jsem při zpracování čerpala, v práci řádně cituji a jsou uvedeny v seznamu použité literatury. V Olomouci dne ……………... Marie Bryksová Děkuji paní doc. PhDr. Lence Křupkové, Ph.D., za odbornou pomoc a ochotu při vypracovávání mé bakalářské práce a poskytování cenných rad. Dále bych chtěla poděkovat Bc. Šárce Fenclové za cenné rady a pomoc při psaní této práce a také své rodině a příteli za podporu při studiu. Obsah ÚVOD……………………………………………………………………………………………….6 1. STAV BÁDÁNÍ.................................................................................................8 2. MUZEJNICTVÍ..............................................................................................14 2.1. Historie muzejnictví v Evropě ................................................................... 14 2.2. Historie muzejnictví v Čechách ................................................................ 18 3. MUZEUM UMĚNÍ V OLOMOUCI.............................................................24 3.1. Historie Muzea umění v Olomouci ........................................................... 24 3.2. Umělecké spolky v Olomouci ................................................................... 29 3.2.1. Spolek přátel Muzea umění Olomouc ................................................ 29 3.2.2. Klub přátel umění .............................................................................. 31 3.2.3. Skupina olomouckých výtvarníků ..................................................... 32 3.3. Budovy ...................................................................................................... 34 3.3.1. Minulost budovy Muzea umění Olomouc ......................................... 34 3.3.2. Nový dům........................................................................................... 35 3.4. Současnost Muzea umění Olomouc .......................................................... 38 3.4.1. SEFO .................................................................................................. 39 4. ORGANIZAČNÍ STRUKTURA...................................................................41 5. FINANCOVÁNÍ..............................................................................................43 6. NÁVŠTĚVNOST.............................................................................................44 7. SBÍRKY...........................................................................................................46 7.1. Architektura ............................................................................................... 46 7.2. Autorská kniha .......................................................................................... 47 7.3. Fotografie .................................................................................................. 47 7.4. Grafická sbírka Arcibiskupství olomouckého ........................................... 48 7.5. Hudební sbírka Arcibskupství olomouckého ............................................ 48 7.6. Kniha 20. století ........................................................................................ 49 7.7. Kresba ........................................................................................................ 49 7.8. Kresby starých mistrů ze sbírek Arcibiskupství olomouckého ................. 50 7.9. Kroměřížská obrazárna ............................................................................. 50 7.10. Mince, plakety a medaile ....................................................................... 50 7.11. Obrazy ................................................................................................... 51 7.12. Plastiky .................................................................................................. 52 7.13. Užitá grafika .......................................................................................... 52 7.14. Volná grafika ......................................................................................... 53 7.15. Užité umění ............................................................................................ 54 7.16. Sbírka užitého umění Arcibiskupství olomouckého .............................. 54 7.17. Zámecká knihovna ................................................................................. 55 8. VYBRANÉ EXPOZICE MUZEA MODERNÍHO UMĚNÍ V OLOMOUCI...........................................................................................................56 8.1. 100 let výtvarné kultury Olomouce 1889—1989 ...................................... 58 8.2. Dům milovníka umění. Umění a řemeslo přelomu 19. a 20. století ......... 60 8.3. Století relativity ......................................................................................... 62 8.4. Od Tiziana po Warhola ............................................................................. 63 Muzeum umění Olomouc 1951—2011 ............................................................... 63 9. SROVNÁNÍ S DALŠÍMI INSTITUCEMI...................................................65 10. ZÁVĚR.............................................................................................................72 SEZNAM POUŽITÉ LITERATURY...................................................................74 RESUMÉ.................................................................................................................77 SUMMARY.............................................................................................................78 ZUSAMMMENFASSUNG....................................................................................80 ANOTACE...............................................................................................................82 ANOTATION..........................................................................................................83 SEZNAM PŘÍLOH.................................................................................................84 PŘÍLOHY................................................................................................................85 ÚVOD Předkládaná bakalářská práce se zabývá historickým vývojem muzejnictví jak v Evropě, tak i v českých zemích, se zaměřením na vývoj, současnost a analýzu instituce Muzea moderního umění v Olomouci. Cílem práce je zmapování vývoje Muzea umění v Olomouci od jeho vzniku, tj. od roku 1989, až po současnost a zhodnocení jeho přínosu pro město. Práce se člení do sedmi kapitol. První část se věnuje vývoji muzejnictví v Evropě, které se začalo formovat od 18. století, a stručnému nastínění historického progresu v Čechách. V kapitole jsou vybrána hlavní centra, která nejvíce ovlivnila vznik muzeí, a hlavní představitelé, kteří začali shromažďovat umělecké předměty, díky čemuž vznikly první sbírky, které daly impuls k zakládání muzeí. Mimo jiné jsou v kapitole zmíněny nejvýznamnější budovy, ve kterých byly umístěny první umělecké kolekce. Hlavní část práce se zaměřuje na vznik a vývoj Muzea umění v Olomouci. První podkapitola se věnuje popisu historie Muzea umění v Olomouci a počátkům sběratelství ve městě, což bylo prvotním impulsem ke vzniku muzea. Důležitou součástí vývoje jsou umělecké spolky, které začaly formovat výtvarnou kulturu města. V průběhu let docházelo k častým změnám v umístění sídla muzea. Nakonec se vhodným ukázal areál v ulici Denisova, jehož strategická poloha je ideální pro tento typ instituce. V roce 2005 došlo ke změně názvu na Muzeum moderního umění v Olomouci z důvodu plánovaného otevření Arcidiecézního muzea v Přemyslovském paláci v Olomouci v roce 2006. Následně byly sbírky rozděleny na moderní a staré umění. Dalším významným počinem po vybudování Arcidiecézního muzea se stal projekt Středoevropského fora Olomouc, jenž vznikl v roce 2008. Primárním cílem tohoto projektu je povznesení významu olomouckého muzea na centrum středoevropské výtvarné kultury. Další kapitoly se orientují na organizační strukturu. Muzea moderního umění, financování a návštěvnost v jednotlivých letech. Důležitou součástí stěžejní části práce je popis jednotlivých sbírek, jež se nacházejí ve všech přidružených budovách, tj. v Arcidiecézním muzeu v Olomouci, v Arcidiecézním muzeu v Kroměříži a v Muzeu moderního umění Denisově ulici. Poslední kapitola této části se zabývá stálými expozicemi moderního umění. 6 Následuje samostatná kapitola, ve které je Muzeum moderního umění v Olomouci srovnáváno s dalšími institucemi, Krajskou galerií výtvarného umění ve Zlíně a Moravskou galerií v Brně, které se stejně jako Muzeum moderního umění v Olomouci částečně nebo zcela zaměřují na moderní umění. Moravskou galerii v Brně jsem zvolila z toho důvodu, že mě zajímalo, jak pracuje galerie ve větším centru, než je Olomouc. Krajskou galerii ve Zlíně jsem vybrala proto, že stejně jako Olomouc je i Zlín krajským městem, má podobnou demografickou strukturu, je sídlem univerzity a tradičních kulturních institucí (divadlo, filharmonie). Zajímalo mě především srovnání dramaturgie výstav v těchto institucích. Práce je doplněna o graf a řadu příloh—tabulky, dramaturgické plány všech porovnávaných institucí v jednotlivých letech, tabulku a grafické znázornění organizační struktury Muzea
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