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Ecological Impact of Genetically Modified Organisms

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Ecological Impact of Genetically Modified Organisms IOBC/WPRS Working Group “GMOs in Integrated Plant Production” Proceedings of the meeting Ecological Impact of Genetically Modified Organisms at Lleida (Catalonia), Spain 1-3 June 2005 Editors: Jörg Romeis & Michael Meissle IOBC wprs Bulletin Bulletin OILB srop Vol. 29(5)2006 The IOBC/WPRS Bulletin is published by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, West Palearctic Regional Section (IOBC/WPRS) Le Bulletin OILB/SROP est publié par l’organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Intégrée contre les Animaux et les Plantes Nuisibles, section Régionale Ouest Paléarctique (OILB/SROP) Copyright: IOBC/WPRS 2006 The Publication Commission: Dr. Horst Bathon Prof. Dr. Luc Tirry Federal Biological Research Center University of Gent for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA) Laboratory of Agrozoology Institute for Biological Control Department of Crop Protection Heinrichstrasse 243 Coupure Links 653 D-64287 Darmstadt (Germany) B-9000 Gent (Belgium) Tel +49 6151 407-225 Fax +49-6151-407-290 Tel. +32 9 2646152, Fax +32 9 2646239 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Address General Secretariat IOBC/WPRS: INRA – Centre de Recherches de Dijon Laboratoire de Recherches sur la Flore Pathogène dans le Sol 17, Rue Sully, BV 1540 F-21034 Dijon Cedex France ISBN 92-9067-188-0 web: http://www.iobc-wprs ii Preface In June 2005, the IOBC/WPRS working group ‘GMOs in Integrated Plant Production’ had hold its second full working group meeting. The first meeting had taken place in Prague, Czech Republic, in November 2003 [see IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 27(3), 2004]. Similar to the first meeting in Prague, there was a vast interest in this event with more than 80 participants from 20 countries attending. Besides colleagues from public research institutes, about 20 percent of the participants were retrieved from private industry and regulatory agencies. This is an indication that the meeting provides a good platform for scientific communication among the different stakeholders dealing with GM crops. I would also like to point to the strong (7 colleagues) participation of colleagues from North America which has added value to the event since they were able to bring in the expertise from commercial growing of GM crops since many years. During the meeting, three keynotes, 31 oral contributions and 25 posters were presented. According to the talks and posters that were submitted, the meeting had a strong focus on non-target risk assessment and environmental monitoring of GM crops. These are two areas that are receiving a huge interest not only in the WPRS. On the day after the full working group meeting, a special activity workshop was held to discuss future activities on non-target risk assessment and regulation of GM crops. In total 28 contributions and the protocol from the workshop are published in this volume of the bulletin. This includes both full papers and extended abstracts. I would like to thank all the colleagues that had helped me to set up the scientific programme and those that had agreed to act as session organizers. On behalf of all participants, I would like to thank Ramon Albajes and his team from the Universitat de Lleida for their excellent job in organizing this meeting including an informative meeting website and enjoyable social activities. I think that I can speak for all when saying that we had a great time in Lleida. The next full working group meeting is planned for the first half of 2007. The exact dates and location will be announced in time. Jörg Romeis Convenor IOBC/wprs working group ‘GMOs in Integrated Plant Production’ iii iv Contents Preface......................................................................................................................................... i Contents.....................................................................................................................................iii List of Participants ................................................................................................................... vii I. Key notes Recent advances in transgenic insect pest control. Paul Christou ............................................................................................................................. 3 GMO’s in crop production and their effects on the environment: methodologies for monitoring Paul Jepson, Kakoli Ghosh, Peter Kenmore............................................................................ 13 II. Presentations Parasitization of Chromatomia horticola Goreau in experimental fields with genetically modified canola. Salvatore Arpaia, Grazia Maria Di Leo , Emilio Guerrieri, Maria Carola Fiore .................. 21 Monitoring of Roundup Ready soybean in Romania. Elena Badea, Ioan Roşca, Ioan Sabău, Ion Ciocăzanu ........................................................... 27 First experiments on unintended effects of Bt maize feed on non-target organisms in Poland. Zbigniew T. Dabrowski, Barbara Czajkowska, Beata Bocinska.............................................. 39 RISE - a tool for the management of large data sets collected during field studies. Uwe Drbal, Thomas Thieme..................................................................................................... 43 Transgenic Bt maize: main results of a six-year study on non-target effects. Matilde Eizaguirre, Ramon Albajes, Carmen López, Jordi Eras, Bàrbara Baraibar, Belén Lumbierres, Xavier Pons................................................................................................ 49 Environmental impact of Bt maize – three years of experience. Oxana Habuštová, Ferit Turanli, Petr Doležal, Vlastimil Růžička, Lukáš Spitzer, Hany Mohamed Hussein .......................................................................................................... 57 Predicting fitness changes in transgenic plants: testing a novel approach with pathogen resistant Brassicas. Rosie S. Hails, James M. Bullock, Kate Morley, Caroline Lamb , Pippa Bell, Richard Horsnell, Dave J. Hodgson, Jane Thomas ................................................................. 65 A framework for evaluating possible non-target effects of transgenic corn in the United States: Standardizing laboratory tests. Richard L. Hellmich, Jarrad R. Prasifka, Jeff D. Wolt, Mark K. Sears................................... 73 v Pair-wise combination of toxin genes in transgenic crops: the risk of cross-resistance development. Carmen Sara Hernández, Juan Ferré...................................................................................... 79 Ecological investigations on the effect of Bulgarian GM plants on the arthropod fauna. Plamen Kalushkov, Roza Tzankova, Pravda Stoeva, Rositca Batchvarova, Mariana Vlahova, Slavcho Slavov, Mariana Radkova ............................................................ 85 Barley cystatin variants against phytopathogenic fungi, pests and their impact on natural enemies. Manuel Martínez, Fernando Alvarez-Alfageme, Pedro Castañera, Pilar Carbonero, Felix Ortego, Isabel Diaz......................................................................................................... 91 Bt formulated products: should there be more concern about resistance development with the introduction of Bt transgenic plants? William J. Moar, Robert C. McCollum .................................................................................... 99 Spiders in Bt and non-Bt potato fields in Bulgaria. Oldřich Nedvěd, Plamen Kalushkov, Gerghin Blagoev......................................................... 103 Do environmental impacts differ for Bt, Ht and conventional corn with respect to pesticide use in Europe? An empirical assessment using the Environmental Impact Quotient. Eleonora Nillesen, Sara Scatasta, Justus Wesseler ............................................................... 111 Genetic structure of Sesamia nonagrioides populations: Implications for Bt-maize resistance management Marta de la Poza, Gema P. Farinós, Félix Ortego, Pedro Hernández-Crespo, Pedro Castañera ............................................................................................................................... 121 A microscopic approach to determine the impact of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins on non-target organisms: Lack of Cry1Ac binding to Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) midgut epithelial cells. Ana Rodrigo-Simón, Juan Ferré ............................................................................................ 125 Assessing the performance and non-target effects of wheat engineered with the kp4 gene to mediate smut resistance under semi-field conditions. Jörg Romeis, Mario Waldburger, Franz Bigler..................................................................... 129 Impact of genetically modified corn on arthropod communities. Ioan Roşca.............................................................................................................................. 137 Tier-based testing for effects of proteinaceous insecticidal plant-incorporated protectants on non-target arthropods in the context of regulatory risk assessments. Robyn I. Rose.......................................................................................................................... 143 Farm questionnaires for monitoring the cultivation of genetically modified maize. Joachim Schiemann, Ralf Wilhelm, Kerstin Schmidt ............................................................. 151 vi Toxigenic micromycetes and their mycotoxins in grains of transgenic Bt-maize
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