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Journal of Eurasian Studies JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES _____________________________________________________________________________________ Journal of the Gábor Bálint de Szentkatolna Society Founded: 2009. Internet: www.federatio.org/joes.html _____________________________________________________________________________________ Volume III., Issue 3. / July — September 2011 ____________________ ISSN 1877‐4199 July‐September 2011 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume III., Issue 3. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Publisher Foundation ʹStichting MIKES INTERNATIONALʹ, established in The Hague, Holland. Account: Postbank rek.nr. 7528240 Registered: Stichtingenregister: S 41158447 Kamer van Koophandel en Fabrieken Den Haag Distribution The periodical can be downloaded from the following Internet‐address: http://www.federatio.org/joes.html If you wish to subscribe to the email mailing list, you can do it by sending an email to the following address: mikes_int‐[email protected] The publisher has no financial sources. It is supported by many in the form of voluntary work and gifts. We kindly appreciate your gifts. Address The Editors and the Publisher can be contacted at the following addresses: Email: [email protected] Postal address: P.O. Box 10249, 2501 HE, Den Haag, Holland Individual authors are responsible for facts included and views expressed in their articles. _____________________________________ ISSN 1877‐4199 © Mikes International, 2001‐2011, All Rights Reserved _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001‐2011 2 July‐September 2011 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume III., Issue 3. _____________________________________________________________________________________ CALL FOR PAPERS We encourage everybody to submit to the Editorial Board ([email protected]) papers in the fields covered by the Journal. The papers will be assessed solely on their academic merits, and these are the few prerequisites the authors and their papers should adhere to: Can be written in any language. However, if written in a language other than English, please provide an English summary of at least A4 length. A brief (max. 10 sentences long) professional CV in English. NEWS BRIEF The news brief section features the latest news from the past three months prior to publication of each Journal of Eurasian Studies issue in the areas of anthropology, archaeology, ethnology, folklore, genetics, and linguistics with a special focus on Asia and the interaction between various European and Asian peoples. News pieces outside the three‐month period or our scope of focus may also be included if they are found to be of great value and relevance by our editorial board. Please submit a short summary of those newsbytes (max. 100 words) in English to the following email‐address: [email protected], indicating the source as well (also URL if applicable). The column is edited by Andor Zombori. If the original news is only available in hardcopy, please send us a copy to the following address: Journal of Eurasian Studies, P.O. Box 10249, 2501 HE, Den Haag, Holland. The names of the contributors will be published in the journal unless they ask otherwise. _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001‐2011 3 July‐September 2011 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume III., Issue 3. _____________________________________________________________________________________ EDITORIAL BOARD Editor‐in‐Chief FARKAS, Flórián The Hague, Holland Deputy Editor‐in‐Chief OBRUSÁNSZKY, Borbála Budapest, Hungary Editors ALIMBAY, Nursan Almaty, Kazakhstan ARADI, Éva Budapest, Hungary BÉRCZI, Szaniszló Budapest, Hungary BÍRÓ, András Budapest, Hungary CSORNAI, Katalin Budapest, Hungary CZEGLÉDI, Katalin Pécs, Hungary ERDÉLYI, István Göd, Hungary HORVÁTH, Izabella Hangzhou, China KARATAY, Osman İzmir, Turkey MAHAPATRA, Debidatta Aurobinda Mumbai, India MARÁCZ, László Amsterdam, Holland MARCANTONIO, Angela Rome, Italy MURAKEÖZY, Éva Patrícia The Hague, Holland SECHENBAATAR Hohhot, China UCHIRALTU Hohhot, China ZOMBORI, Andor Nagoya, Japan _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001‐2011 4 July‐September 2011 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume III., Issue 3. _____________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS Dear Reader, ............................................................................................................................................. 7 HISTORY .......................................................................................................... 8 BÉRCZI, Szaniszló Ancient Viking Art .............................................................................................................................. 9 SYED, Damsaz Ali Immigrants and their Impact on Kashmir Culture and Society ............................................... 17 LINGUISTICS ................................................................................................ 27 TAMBOVTSEV, Yuri & TAMBOVTSEVA, Juliana & TAMBOVTSEVA, Ludmila The Typological Closeness between Hungarian and the Ob‐Ugrian Languages ................. 28 UCHIRALTU Reconstruction of Several Hunnic Words Found in Ancient Chinese Chronicles ............... 60 LANGUAGE TEACHING METHODOLOGIES ....................................... 70 MOLNÁR, Zsolt & MOLNÁRNÉ CZEGLÉDI, Cecília The Creative Hungarian Language and Its Special Teaching Method Part 8. : The MCz Language Teaching Methodology .................................................................. 71 ECONOMY ..................................................................................................... 76 DAR, Mushtaq Ahmad Impact of Inefficient Irrigation System on Crop Productivity in the Republic of Turkmenistan ........................................................................................................................................ 77 DÍAZ‐DIEGO, José & MÁRQUEZ‐DOMÍNGUEZ, Juan Antonio Difficult Aging in Rural Romania: Peasants, Pensions and Agriculture................................ 92 LITERATURE & ARTS ............................................................................... 117 EKUKLU, Bülent Cultural Structures in Turkish Society in the 80s ..................................................................... 118 MURAKEÖZY, Éva Patrícia The Context Matters ........................................................................................................................ 130 PLÁJÁS, Ildikó Zonga Meeting Bollywood? ....................................................................................................................... 135 _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001‐2011 5 July‐September 2011 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume III., Issue 3. _____________________________________________________________________________________ TRAVELOGUE ............................................................................................ 139 TAPON, Francis Lithuania — the Remnants of a Great Empire ........................................................................... 140 BOOK REVIEW ........................................................................................... 148 ACAR, Serkan Osman Karatay: Türklerin Kökeni [Origins of the Turks] ...................................................... 149 FARKAS, Flórián From Medieval Persian Poetry to Global Urban Development ............................................. 151 CLASSICAL WRITINGS ON EURASIA .................................................. 158 CONOLLY, Arthur Journey to the North of India, Overland from England, through Russia, Persia, and Affghaunistaun ............................................................................................. 159 NEWS BRIEF ................................................................................................ 167 Our Authors ......................................................................................................................................... 178 _____________________________________________________________________________________ © Copyright Mikes International 2001‐2011 6 July‐September 2011 JOURNAL OF EURASIAN STUDIES Volume III., Issue 3. _____________________________________________________________________________________ DEAR READER, THE KING The public launch of the latest novel of Kader Abdolah (the pen name of Hossein Sadjadi Ghaemmaghami Farahani) entitled ‘De koning’ (‘The King’) took place during the 2011 Dutch Book Week (16‐26 March 2011). It is a prequel to its other masterpiece, the semi‐autobiographical ‘Het huis van de moskee’ (‘The House of the Mosque’). In ‘De koning’, the leading Dutch writer of Iranian origin presents the dramatic events taking place during the second half of the 19th century in Persia in a magnificent literary manteau, making for the general public this less known period of Iranian history accessible. The protagonist of the novel is the Qajar monarch Nāşr al‐Dīn Shah (r. 1848‐1896), who similarly to his predecessors and successors (of the same dynasty) finds himself and his country in a new era when the Western European great powers changed the rules of the political, economic and social game due to their advancements in the previous centuries. The direct impact
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