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Container Handling Time Model As an Effort to Reduce Dwelling Time in Soekarno Hatta Port of Makassar

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Container Handling Time Model As an Effort to Reduce Dwelling Time in Soekarno Hatta Port of Makassar International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 10, Issue 09, September 2019, pp. 111-118, Article ID: IJCIET_10_09_012 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=10&Issue=9 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication CONTAINER HANDLING TIME MODEL AS AN EFFORT TO REDUCE DWELLING TIME IN SOEKARNO HATTA PORT OF MAKASSAR Henny Haerany Doctoral Student of Civil Engineering Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia Sakti Adji Adisasmita Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia Misliah Idrus Associate Professor, Naval Engineering Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia Sumarni Hamid Aly Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia ABSTRACT One of the problems in Makassar container terminal that affects port performance is the waiting time. Dwelling time containers occurs in terminal still relatively long, for domestic goods around 7-8 days. One of the reasons is the pre-custom clearance process, which is unloaded containers process until placed in the stacking yard. The containers handling is needed to optimize port facilities work in loading and unloading equipment case. Container handling process analysis from the dock to the stacking field using Container Crane, Rubber Tyred Gantry Crane, and Head trucks with simulation methods using Arena software. Based on the simulation results, concluded that from the three scenarios conducted, model scenario two was chosen as the best scenario by adding tools to the dock and stacking yard. The addition of this tool produces an average cycle timeless than the initial condition. The cycle time deviation of the unloading process is 12 minutes, while the loading process is 3 minutes. This scenario model becomes a reference to reduce the waiting time in container terminals, such as maximizing tools work by rejuvenating tools or adding tools that have higher capacity and improving container handling systems by suppressing wasted time (idle time). Keywords: Container Handling, Wasted Time, Dwelling Time, Arena Simulation http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 111 [email protected] Henny Haerany, Sakti Adji Adisasmita, Misliah Idrus and Sumarni Hamid Aly Cite this Article: Henny Haerany, Sakti Adji Adisasmita, Misliah Idrus and Sumarni Hamid Aly, Container Handling Time Model As An Effort To Reduce Dwelling Time In Soekarno Hatta Port of Makassar. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology 10(9), 2019, pp. 111-118. http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=10&Issue=9 1. INTRODUCTION Sea transportation contributes significantly to the national and regional economy. The contribution becomes increasingly important because the costs value incurred the smallest when compared to land and air transportation costs (Jusna and Tibertius, 2016). The good port characterized by a reliable quality of port service performance (Triatmojo, 2010). The problem in Indonesian ports is that performance still not good, as evidenced in the 2015-2016 Global Competitiveness Report data, Indonesia has 82 ranks out of 140 countries based on a port quality assessment with 3.8 values, while Singapore has two ranks with 6.7 value. Whereas based on the 2014 Logistics Performance Index (LPI) data, Indonesia is ranked 53 out of 160 countries surveyed. Indonesia is far below Malaysia and Thailand. This index includes infrastructure, shipping, logistics competency, tracking, and loading and unloading time. This is due to loading and unloading productivity, congestion conditions, and lengthy process of document management. One of the leading port efficiency indicators is dwelling time because of shows terminal productivity and overall operational terminal efficiency. Reducing dwelling time will increase port use to the maximum extent possible without the need for new field investment (Marck, 2005). One way to reduce dwelling time by handling tools in the loading and unloading process, Makassar containers handling the process for domestic goods still around 7-8 days. The average dwelling time under ideal conditions according to Rafi and Purwanto (2016) that is; 1.1 days (obtained of Singapore) is excellent; for dwelling time 2 days are very good; 3 days are good; 4 days is average; 5 days are not good; and 6 - 7 days are very slowly. Makassar port still under ideal conditions, so that the Container Terminal is advised to make improvements to the factors affect performance, such as improving operational readiness for loading and unloading equipment (Sulistiana, O., 2012). Based on the concepts and issues of container dwelling time problems and the results of research by Baginda (2016), the waiting time for loading and unloading from the dock to the preclearance is 40% higher than the document handling process. The objective of this study is to model container handling time based on tool working time and wasted time by simulation methods using Arena software tools. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. Container Terminal A container terminal is a place where containers collected from hinterland or other ports to transported to the destination. The terminal as a subsystem of other ports that serves to support sea transportation activities. The terminal is responsible to containers transfer from land to sea transportation modes or vice versa, but this activity is a derivative of transportation activities so that container flows at the terminal is more influenced by external factors. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 112 [email protected] Container Handling Time Model As An Effort To Reduce Dwelling Time In Soekarno Hatta Port of Makassar 2.2. Container Port Facilities The container port facility consists of (Eric Rath, 1973, Misliah, 2011) a port pool; dock apron; marshaling yard (temporary piling yard); Container Yard; Container Freight Station (CFS) is a warehouse provided for goods transported by LCL and a crane or container loading and unloading tool, unloading equipment used to move containers from the ship to the dock apron or vice versa, and from the apron to the stacking field or the opposite. The Indonesia Port (2000) describes some container loading and unloading equipment as follows: Gantry cranes are container taps located at the jetty to load and unload containers from and to container ships, which installed on rails along the jetty. Gantry cranes are also called container cranes. Forklifts are supporting equipment at container terminals for loading and unloading in small tonnages, usually used in CFS as well as delivery or interchange activities. Head truck or chassis is a trailer used to transport containers from the dock to the stacking yard or vice versa and from the container stacking field to the CFS warehouse or vice versa. Straddle carrier, used for loading and unloading containers to/from the chassis and can stack up to three levels. Side loader used to lift containers and stack them up to three levels. Transtainer, which is a container valve that is shaped like a portal and can run on rails or has rubber tires. This tool can stack containers up to four levels and place them on top of train cars or chassis. Reach stacker is combination equipment between Forklift and Mobile Crane which is equipped with Spreader (container lifters), lifting containers capable with 45 tons maximum load and has a flexible lifting range, maximum lifting height of 15 meters. 2.3. Container handling system at the port According to Triatmodjo (2009), the container handling process from the container inside the ship to the container shelter or until it exits the terminal. The process of handling containers outside the waters can use more than one type of handling equipment, including Container Crane, Rubber Tyred Gantry Crane, forklifts, reach stackers, side loaders, head trucks, and chassis. In general, the process of handling containers seen in Figure 1. Figure 1 Container Handling Process (Tsinker, Gregory P., 2004) Container handling system at the port divided into four types that are Chasis system; Fork Lift Truck system; Straddle Carrier system; and the Rubber Tyred Gantry (RTG) system. Based on the layout of the container above, the Makassar Container Terminal applied the layout of the container with Rubber Tired Gantry handling tool, as shown in Figure 2 with 13 block-stacking number. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 113 [email protected] Henny Haerany, Sakti Adji Adisasmita, Misliah Idrus and Sumarni Hamid Aly Handling in the RTGC system used in this study is started when the container crane unloads the container from the ship and loaded on the head truck which then takes it to one blocks in container stacking field and places with RTG tool help. There are three tools used; Container Crane, Rubber Tyred Gantry, and Head Truck. The handling system on this system seen in Figure 2. Figure 2 The layout of handling the equipment from the dock to stacking yard This handling does not need a wide aisle different from other systems until field use can be more productive. This system used at terminals service more than 200,000 TEU's / year. Container port activities that are the movement of goods from land to sea transport with a full container transportation system with its activities (Morlok, 1985): 1. The container is transported by land transportation (trailer) to the port and then transported by rubber-tired gantry (RTG) placed in piling yard. 2. By using RTG, container appointed and arranged to wait for transporting ship. 3. After carrier arrived and was ready at the dock, the container from the buildup field lifted with the RTG placed on the head truck (HT) being lifted to the ship's dock apron leaning. 4. By using a gantry crane, the container is removed from the HT and loaded onto the ship. 5. After the goods transported to the ship leaves the dock to the destination country or region. 6. Some common problems often arise in a port management context. These problems are: The length of loading and unloading process at ports in Indonesia The duration of customs management in Indonesia Poor quality port facilities The length of dwelling time at ports in Indonesia Depth of ports in Indonesia that do not meet requirements 2.4.
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