SOILSSOILS HELP TO COMBAT AND ADAPT TO CLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECHANGE co Healthy soils provide the largest store of terrestrial carbon.

Poorly managed soils

If soils are managed poorly or cultivated through unsustainable agricultural practices, soil carbon can be ×2 gases released into the atmosphere in the form of carbon house Green dioxide ( co ), which can contribute to climate change.

Climate change represents 1965 2015 a serious threat to global food security. Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forestry and fisheries have nearly doubled over the past 50 years. The steady conversion of grassland and forestland to cropland and grazing lands has resulted in historic losses of soil carbon worldwide. +30%

×2

Forests Croplands

Peatlands Grazing lands 2015 2050

10% Land-use conversions and drainage of Without greater eorts to reduce them, they could organic soils for cultivation are responsible increase an additional 30% by 2050. co for about 10% of all greenhouse gas emissions.

Plants use CO from the atmosphere, water Soils and the Carbon Cycle 2 from the soil and sunlight to make their own The carbon cycle is the exchange of carbon (in various 1 food and grow in a process called forms, e.g., carbon dioxide) between the atmosphere, photosynthesis. The carbon they absorb ocean, terrestrial biosphere and geological deposits. from the air becomes part of the plant.

sis he atmospheric Animals that feed on the plants pass the 1 nt 2 carbon compounds along the food chain. sy c o CO om t b o u h s p t iratio i resp n o n Most of the carbon the animals consume

3 is converted into CO2 as they breathe 5 3 (respiration), and is released back into the atmosphere. primary producer When the animals and plants die, 2 the dead organisms are eaten by decomposers industry 4 in the soil (bacteria and fungi) and the carbon in their bodies is again returned consumer n o i to the atmosphere as CO . t 2 c 5 a r t x 4 e In some cases, the dead plants and animals l d e are buried and turn into fossil fuels, eca fu y sil such as coal and oil, over millions of years. fos 5 Humans burn fossil fuels to create energy, which bacteria fossil fuels sends most of the carbon back into the

atmosphere in the form of CO2. c Sustainably managed soils

When managed sustainably soils can play an important role in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration ( c ) and By restoring degraded soils by decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and adopting soil conservation in the atmosphere. practices...

...there is major potential to decrease the emission of greenhouse gases from agriculture, enhance carbon sequestration and build resilience c c c c to climate change. c c c c

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