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Model Metadata Report for North Kent 3D Geological Model

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Model Metadata Report for North Kent 3D Geological Model Model metadata report for North Kent 3D geological model Geology and Landscape England Programme Open Report OR/15/031 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Geology and Landscape England PROGRAMME OPEN REPORT OR/15/031 Model metadata report for North Kent 3D geological model The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Licence No: 100017897/2015. J Thompson Keywords Report; North Kent, Chalk. Contributor/editor S Thorpe and A Farrant National Grid Reference SW corner 569722,154087 NE corner 592411,171763 Map Sheet 272 and 288, 1:50 000 scale, Chatham and Maidstone Front cover Bibliographical reference J THOMPSON. 2015. Model metadata report for North Kent 3D geological model. British Geological Survey Open Report, OR/15/031. 15pp. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. 3D images BGS © NERC 2014 using GSI3D methodology and software. Maps and diagrams in this book use topography based on Ordnance Survey mapping. © NERC 2015. All rights reserved Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2015 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of our publications is available from BGS shops at British Geological Survey offices Nottingham, Edinburgh, London and Cardiff (Welsh publications only) see contact details below or shop online at www.geologyshop.com BGS Central Enquiries Desk Tel 0115 936 3143 Fax 0115 936 3276 The London Information Office also maintains a reference collection of BGS publications, including maps, for consultation. email [email protected] We publish an annual catalogue of our maps and other publications; this catalogue is available online or from any of the Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG BGS shops. Tel 0115 936 3241 Fax 0115 936 3488 email [email protected] The British Geological Survey carries out the geological survey of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter as an agency service for the government of Northern Ireland), and of the Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA surrounding continental shelf, as well as basic research projects. Tel 0131 667 1000 Fax 0131 668 2683 It also undertakes programmes of technical aid in geology in email [email protected] developing countries. The British Geological Survey is a component body of the Natural Environment Research Council. Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD Tel 020 7589 4090 Fax 020 7584 8270 Tel 020 7942 5344/45 email [email protected] Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais, Cardiff CF15 7NE Tel 029 2052 1962 Fax 029 2052 1963 Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB Tel 01491 838800 Fax 01491 692345 Geological Survey of Northern Ireland, Colby House, Stranmillis Court, Belfast BT9 5BF Tel 028 9038 8462 Fax 028 9038 8461 www.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/ Parent Body Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1EU Tel 01793 411500 Fax 01793 411501 www.nerc.ac.uk Website www.bgs.ac.uk Shop online at www.geologyshop.com Foreword This report accompanies the North Kent Maidstone-Chatham Revision model which was created by the British Geological Survey (BGS) under commission by the Environment Agency. OR/15/031 Acknowledgements The author of this report wishes to thank Nigel Hoad of the Environment Agency for commissioning this work. Contents Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ 2 Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1 Modelled volume, purpose and scale .................................................................................... 3 2 Modelled faults ....................................................................................................................... 6 3 Model datasets ........................................................................................................................ 6 4 Model development log .......................................................................................................... 6 5 Model workflow ...................................................................................................................... 7 6 Model assumptions, geological rules used ............................................................................ 7 6.1 Thicknesses ..................................................................................................................... 7 7 Model limitations .................................................................................................................... 8 8 Model images .......................................................................................................................... 9 9 Model uncertainty ................................................................................................................ 10 References .................................................................................................................................... 10 FIGURES Figure 1 Distribution of borehole records used to constrain the cross-sections constructed in the model. ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 6: Exploded view of all calculated units (x5 exaggeration) ................................................. 9 Figure 7: Cross sections used to calculate the model (x5 exaggeration) ...................................... 10 TABLES Table 1 List of geological units modelled, in descending stratigraphical order ............................. 4 2 OR/15/031 Summary This report contains the metadata for the revised 3D geological model of North Kent and is accompanied by the Commissioned Report CR/15/039 (Farrant et al. 2015). 1 Modelled volume, purpose and scale The North Kent 3D geological model was commissioned by the Environment Agency to gain a better understanding of the structure of the bedrock in the area to help understand groundwater movement; this report contains the model metadata, for the full report see Farrant et al. (2015). The GSI3D (Geological Surveying in 3D) software was used to construct the model, following the established workflow described in Kessler et al, (2009). The model comprises 30 correlated cross-sections constrained by 290 boreholes held in the BGS archive. Figure 1 shows the distribution of boreholes and correlated cross-sections. Figure 1 Distribution of borehole records used to constrain the cross-sections constructed in the model. Modelled surfaces/volumes A total of 8 Bedrock units and 9 Superficial units are modelled. The base of the Gault Formation is taken as the base of the model at the client’s request as the Gault forms the base of the Chalk aquifer. The modelled geological units are described in Table 1. 3 OR/15/031 Table 1 List of geological units modelled, in descending stratigraphical order Name in Geological unit Age Description model BTFU-XCZS Beach and Tidal Quaternary Composite of 'Beach deposits': Shingle, Flat Deposits sand, silt and clay; may be bedded or chaotic; beach deposits may be in the form of dunes, sheets or banks, and 'Tidal Flat Deposits': commonly silt and clay with sand and gravel layers; possible peat layers; from the tidal zone. In the model area these are mostly Tidal Flat deposits. ALV-CZPS Alluvium Quaternary Normally soft to firm consolidated, compressible silty clay, but can contain layers of silt, sand, peat and basal gravel. A stronger, desiccated surface zone may be present. HEAD- Head Quaternary Polymict deposit: comprises clay, silt, XCZSV sand and gravel (often flint rich) depending on upslope source and distance from source. Poorly sorted and poorly stratified deposits formed mostly by solifluction and/or hillwash and soil creep. HEAD1- Head 1 Quaternary Polymict deposit: comprises clay, silt, XCZSV sand and flint-rich gravel depending on upslope source and distance from source. Poorly sorted and poorly stratified deposits formed mostly by solifluction and/or hillwash and soil creep. RTD-XSV River Terrace Quaternary Sand and gravel, locally with lenses of Deposits silt, clay or peat. RTD1-XSV River Terrace Quaternary Sand and gravel, locally with lenses of Deposits 1 silt, clay or peat. RTD2-XSV River Terrace Quaternary Sand and gravel, locally with lenses of Deposits 2 silt, clay or peat. RTD3-XSV River Terrace Quaternary Sand and gravel, locally with lenses of Deposits 3 silt, clay or peat. CWF- Clay-with-Flints Quaternary The dominant lithology is orange-brown XCZSV Formation and red-brown sandy, silty clay with abundant nodules and rounded pebbles of flint. The Clay-with-Flints Formation is a residual
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