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Noaa 4860 DS1.Pdf PROPOSED ACTION: Issuance of an Incidental Harassment Authorization to the National Science Foundation and Antarctic Support Contract to Take Marine Mammals by Harassment Incidental to a Low-Energy Marine Geophysical Survey in the Dumont d’Urville Sea off the Coast of East Antarctica, January to March 2014. TYPE OF STATEMENT: Environmental Assessment LEAD AGENCY: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL: Donna S. Wieting, Director, Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Howard Goldstein National Marine Fisheries Service Office of Protected Resources, Permits and Conservation Division 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910 301-427-8401 LOCATION: Selected regions of the Dumont d’Urville Sea in International Waters of the Southern Ocean off the coast of East Antarctica (Approximately 64º South, between 95 and 135º East, and 65º South, between 140 to 165º East) ABSTRACT: This Environmental Assessment analyzes the environmental impacts of the National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Protected Resources, Permits and Conservation Division’s proposal to issue an Incidental Harassment Authorization to the National Science Foundation and Antarctic Support Contract for the taking, by Level B harassment, of small numbers of marine mammals, incidental to conducting a low-energy marine geophysical survey in the Dumont d’Urville Sea, January to March 2014. CONTENTS List of Abbreviations or Acronyms ........................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1 – Introduction and Purpose and Need .................................................................................... 9 1.1 Description of Proposed Action ............................................................................................................... 9 1.1.1 Background on the Applicant’s MMPA Application ................................................................ 10 1.1.2 Marine Mammals in the Action Area ........................................................................................ 10 1.2 Purpose and Need ................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.1 Purpose of Action ...................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.2 Need for Action ......................................................................................................................... 12 1.3 The Environmental Review Process ....................................................................................................... 12 1.3.1 Laws, Regulations, or Other NEPA Analyses Influencing the EA’s Scope .............................. 13 1.3.2 Scope of Environmental Analysis .............................................................................................. 15 1.3.3 NEPA Public Scoping Summary ............................................................................................... 16 1.3.4 Relevant Comments on the NSF’s Analysis .............................................................................. 17 1.3.5 Relevant Comments on our Federal Register Notice ................................................................ 17 1.4 Other Permits, Licenses, or Consultation Requirements ........................................................................ 18 1.4.1 U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973 ....................................................................................... 19 1.4.2 E.O. 12114: Environmental Effects Abroad of Major Federal Actions. .................................... 19 Chapter 2 – Alternatives Including the Proposed Action ...................................................................... 20 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 20 2.2 Description of theNSF and ASC’s Proposed Seismic Survey ................................................................ 21 2.2.1 Specified time and Specified area .............................................................................................. 23 2.2.2 Seismic Acquisition and Active Acoustic Operations ............................................................... 24 2.2.3 Core and Dredge Sampling Description and Deployment ......................................................... 24 2.2.4 Water Sampling and Current Measurements Description and Deployment .............................. 24 2.2.2 Instrumentation Moorings Description and Deployment ........................................................... 24 2.2.2 Icebreaking Activities ................................................................................................................ 24 2.3 Description of Alternatives .................................................................................................................... 26 2.3.1 Alternative 1 – Issuance of an Authorization with Mitigation Measures .................................. 30 2.3.2 Alternative 2 – No Action .......................................................................................................... 33 2.3.3 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Detailed Study ................................................... 33 Chapter 3 – Affected Environment ......................................................................................................... 35 3.1 Physical Environment ............................................................................................................................ 35 3.1.1 Marine Mammal Habitat ............................................................................................................ 35 3.2 Biological Environment ......................................................................................................................... 36 3.2.1 Marine Mammals ....................................................................................................................... 36 3.2.2 Protected Species (Other than Marine Mammals) ..................................................................... 41 Chapter 4 – Environmental Consequences ............................................................................................. 41 4.1 Effects of Alternative 1 – Issuance of an Authorization with Mitigation .............................................. 42 4.1.1 Impacts to Marine Mammal Habitat .......................................................................................... 42 4.1.2 Impacts to Marine Mammals ..................................................................................................... 42 4.2 Effects of Alternative 2– No Action Alternative .................................................................................... 46 4.2.2 Impacts to Marine Mammals ..................................................................................................... 46 4.3 Compliance with Necessary Laws – Necessary Federal Permits ........................................................... 47 4.4 Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ............................................................................................................... 47 4.5 Cumulative Effects ................................................................................................................................. 48 4.5.1 Past, Present, and reasonably Foreseeable Future Seismic Surveys in Dumont d’Urville Sea .. 48 4.5.2 Vessel Traffic and Vessel Noise ................................................................................................ 49 4.5.3 Fishing ....................................................................................................................................... 49 4.5.4 Commerical Whaling ................................................................................................................. 49 Chapter 5 – List of Preparers and Agencies Consulted ......................................................................... 51 NMFS Environmental Assessment – 2014 Dumont d’Urville Sea Low-Energy Seismic Survey 3 Chapter 6 – References ............................................................................................................................. 52 NMFS Environmental Assessment – 2014 Dumont d’Urville Sea Low-Energy Seismic Survey 4 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS OR ACRONYMS AEP auditory evoked potential ASC Antarctic Support Contract BiOp Biological Opinion CFR Code of Federal Regulations Commission Marine Mammal Commission dB decibel EA Environmental Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement ESA Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact FR Federal Register ft feet IEE/EA Initial Environmental Evaluation/Environmental Assessment IHA Incidental Harassment Authorization ITA Incidental Take Authorization ITS Incidental Take Statement km kilometer km/hr kilometer per hour kts knots m meter mi mile mph miles per hour MMPA Mammal Protection Act of 1972, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1631 et seq.) µPa microPascal nmi nautical miles Palmer RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer PSO Protected Species Observer EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The National Marine Fisheries
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