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Ascomyceteorg 09-01 Ascomyceteorg Combinaisons nouvelles de Pezizales Nicolas VAN VOOREN Résumé : de nouvelles combinaisons d’espèces de Pézizales sont proposées. Galactinia hypoleuca est com- biné dans le genre Peziza Fr. s. lato, et illustré microscopiquement d’après la révision de l’holotype ; Pachyphloeus oleiferus est combiné dans le genre Pachyphlodes Zobel ; Pulvinula ovalispora est combiné dans le genre Boubovia Svrček et Aleuria latispora dans le genre Melastiza Boud. Des commentaires sont fournis pour chaque espèce. Ascomycete.org, 9 (1) : 9-10. Mots-clés : Ascomycota, nouvelles combinaisons, taxinomie. Janvier 2017 Mise en ligne le 07/01/2017 Abstract: New combinations of some pezizalean species are proposed. Galactinia hypoleuca is combined in the genus Peziza Fr. s. lato, and illustrated microscopically after the revision of the holotype; Pachyphloeus oleiferus is combined in the genus Pachyphlodes Zobel; Pulvinula ovalispora is combined in the genus Bou- bovia Svrček; and Aleuria latispora is combined in the genus Melastiza Boud. Comments are provided for each species. Keywords: Ascomycota, new combinations, taxonomy. Introduction Ce taxon décrit du Portugal, et récolté par le père Torrend, n’a ja- mais été signalé — à notre connaissance — dans la littérature de- puis sa publication. Sa description a souffert d’une certaine À l’occasion de différents travaux concernant des révisions de ma- tériel d’herbier, d’inventaire ou encore de gestion de base de don- imprécision concernant l’ornementation des ascospores qualifiée nées, nous avons mis en lumière quelques noms en décalage par de « minute verrucosae » par Boudier (BOUDIER & TORREND, 1911) et rapport à la taxinomie actuelle des Pezizales, notre groupe d’étude d’une illustration macroscopique mal restituée, l’ensemble de la de prédilection. Aussi, proposons-nous ici quelques combinaisons planche IV ressortant le brun avec une dominante olivâtre inappro- nouvelles qui nous paraissent appropriées, même si nous n’avons priée. En révisant le matériel type, nous avons pu mettre en lumière pas voulu aller au-delà de l’aspect purement nomenclatural. la nature précise de l’ornementation sporale, ainsi que l’absence de Quelques commentaires accompagnent néanmoins nos choix. crochet à la base des asques. La taille des ascospores mesurées est également un peu inférieure aux dimensions indiquées par Boudier Nouvelles combinaisons (op. cit.). Nous donnons, ci-après, une courte description et une il- lustration des caractères microscopiques (fig. 1) observés sur le ma- Peziza hypoleuca (Boud. & Torrend) Van Vooren, comb. nov. – MB tériel type réhydraté. L’absence de crochet à la base des asques est 819512 un caractère peu fréquent dans le genre Peziza Fr. s. lato. La descrip- Basionyme : Galactinia hypoleuca Boud. & Torrend, Bull. Soc. mycol. tion de ce taxon, ainsi que les caractères microscopiques, nous inci- Fr., 27 (2) : 127 (1911). tent à le rapprocher du complexe de Peziza succosa Berk., mais les Holotype conservé dans l’herbier PC, sous le numéro 0738326. ascospores présentent une ornementation différente. Fig. 1 – Peziza hypoleuca. Caractères microscopiques de l’holotype. A. Sommet d’asque et de paraphyses (dans l’eau). B. Ascospores (dans le bleu coton). Barres d’échelle = 10 μm. 9 Description microscopique Holotype conservé dans l’herbier PRM. Excipulum de textura intricata, à hyphes hyalines ou jaunâtre pâle, mêlées de cellules boudinées à subsphériques dans la zone la MORAVEC (1994) a proposé de ramener le genre Melastiza Boud. au plus externe. Asques cylindracés, longs de 250–270 μm, rétrécis à rang de sous-genre d’Aleuria Fuckel. Les travaux de phylogénie mo- la base, sans crochet, octosporés, à sommet bleuissant en présence léculaire de PERRY et al. (2007) et HANSEN et al. (2013) n’ont pas permis de Lugol (IKI). Paraphyses élargies au sommet, × 4–6 μm, légère- de valider de manière satisfaisante cette nouvelle systématique de ment courbées, contenant un pigment vacuolaire brun foncé dans Moravec, faute, sans doute, d’un échantillonnage suffisant. En at- la partie supérieure. Ascospores ellipsoïdes, assez étroites, † 18–20 (21) × (8,5) 9–10 (11) μm [X = 19,2 ×9,7 μm, n = 40 / Qm = 2,0], hya- tendant, un traitement plus exhaustif des différentes espèces, nous lines, probablement biguttulées, verruqueuses, à verrues cyano- maintenons la séparation des genres et proposons de combiner philes, assez basses, jusqu’à 0,5 μm de haut en vue de profil, Aleuria latispora dans le genre Melastiza, compte tenu des caractères irrégulières, mais majoritairement étirées, formant de petites crêtes, morphologiques et du placement de Moravec. donnant à l’ensemble un aspect un peu amiboïde. Remerciements Pachyphlodes oleiferus (J. Cabero & J. Pérez) J. Cabero, J. Pérez & Van Vooren, comb. nov. – MB 819514 Nous remercions Bart Buyck (Muséum national d’Histoire natu- Basionyme : Pachyphloeus oleiferus J. Cabero & J. Pérez, Bol. Micol. relle, Paris) pour le prêt du matériel type de Galactinia hypoleuca. FAMCAL, 7 : 107 (2012). Merci également à François Valade pour l’envoi d’un document. Holotype conservé dans l’herbier MA, sous le numéro Fungi 82461. Bibliographie Le genre Pachyphloeus Tul. & C. Tul. 1845 étant illégitime (art. 53.1 ICN, MCNEILL et al., 2012) car préoccupé par Pachyphloeus Göpp. BOUDIER E. 1917. — Dernières étincelles mycologiques. Bulletin de la 1836, les espèces publiées dans ce genre doivent être recombinées Société mycologique de France, 33 (1-2) : 7-22 + pl. I-VI. dans le genre Pachyphlodes Zobel, nom désormais retenu pour ces BOUDIER E. & TORREND C. 1911. — Discomycètes nouveaux de Portugal. champignons hypogés. Bulletin de la Société mycologique de France, 27 (2) : 127-136. CABERO J. & PÉREZ-PÉREZ J. 2012. — Pachyphloeus oleiferus (Ascomy- cota, Pezizaceae) sp. nov., un nuevo hongo hipogeo localizado en Boubovia ovalispora (Boud.) Van Vooren, comb. nov. – MB 819516 Zamora (España). Boletín Micológico de FAMCAL, 7 : 105-118. Basionyme : Pulvinula ovalispora Boud., Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr., 33 FERNÁNDEZ VICENTE J. & UNDAGOITIA J. 2004. — Pulvinula ovalispora, Ar- (1–2) : 16 (1917). Holotype conservé dans l’herbier PC. pinia luteola v. pallidorosea, Scutellinia torrentis, Spathularia ni- gripes y listado de Ascomycetos (II) del P.N. del Gorbea. Errotari, Le genre Boubovia, tel que défini par SVRČEK (1977) et amendé par 1 : 56-64. YAO & SPOONER (1996), renferme des espèces dont la morphologie et HANSEN K., PERRY B.A., DRANGINIS A.W. & PFISTER D.H. 2013. — A phylo- les caractères microscopiques, en particulier les paraphyses à som- geny of the highly diverse cup-fungus family Pyronemataceae (Pe- met courbé et les asques à crochet libre (PFISTER, 1976), sont très zizomycetes, Ascomycota) clarifies relationships and evolution of proches de ceux du genre Pulvinula Boud., à l’exception de la forme selected life history traits. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, des ascospores, sphérique chez ce dernier, ellipsoïde à largement 67 (2): 311-335. ellipsoïde chez les Boubovia. Le nom Boubovia ovalispora est régu- KORF R.P. & ZHUANG W.Y. 1984. — The ellipsoid-spored species of Pul- lièrement utilisé, bien que la combinaison n’ait jamais été formali- vinula (Pezizales). Mycotaxon, 20 (2) : 607-616. sée. On peut d’ailleurs avoir quelques doutes sur l’identification des KRISTIANSEN R. 2016. — The genus Boubovia (Velen.) Svrček in Norway. récoltes modernes proposée sous cette épithète (KORF & ZHUANG, Agarica, 37 : 51-65. 1984 ; FERNÁNDEZ VICENTE & UNDAGOITIA, 2004 ; KRISTIANSEN, 2016), du moins si l’on tient compte des caractères exprimés par BOUDIER MCNEILL J., BARRIE F.R., BUCK W.R., DEMOULIN V., GREUTER W., HAWKSWORTH (1917) sur du matériel vivant, observé dans l’eau, comme par exem- D.L., HERENDEEN P.S., KNAPP S., MARHOLD K., PRADO J., PRUD’HOMME VAN ple la présence de « granules » sommitales dans les ascospores. Le REINE W.F., SMITH G.F., WIRSEMA J.H. & TURLAND N.J. 2012. — Interna- rapprochement avec B. nicholsonii (Massee) Spooner & Y.J. Yao, sug- tional Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne géré par YAO & SPOONER (1996), nous paraît difficile à admettre no- Code). Regnum Vegetabile 154. Königstein, Koeltz Scientific tamment du point de vue écologique. Le matériel-type étant en Books, 208 p. mauvais état (KORF & ZHUANG, op. cit.), il est peu probable qu’une ex- PERRY B.A., HANSEN K. & PFISTER D.H. 2007. — A phylogenetic overview traction ADN soit possible, rendant nécessaire de retrouver le cham- of the family Pyronemataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales). Mycological pignon dans son aire d’origine (Algérie ou bassin méditerranéen) Research, 111 (5) : 549-571. pour confirmer ou non son originalité au sein du genre Boubovia. PFISTER D.H. 1976. — A Synopsis of the genus Pulvinula. Occasional Papers of the Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, 9 : 1-19. Melastiza latispora (J. Moravec) Van Vooren, comb. nov. – MB SVRČEK M. 1977. — New combinations and new taxa in Operculate 819522 Discomycetes (Pezizales). Česká Mykologie, 31 (2) : 69-71. Basionyme : Aleuria latispora J. Moravec, Czech Mycol., 47 (4) : 247 YAO Y.-J. & SPOONER B.M. 1996. — Delimitation of Boubovia and Pulvi- (1994). nula. Mycological Research, 100 (2) : 193-194. ef Nicolas Van Vooren 36 rue de la Garde 69005 Lyon France [email protected] 10 Ascomycete.org.
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