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INDIA

SUDAN ¤£N-15 Flood Analysis Based on Time Series of Satellite

)" Data Recorded from 28 July to 16 September 2010 )" !I )"

)" )" !I)" )")" )" Map Produced 17 September 2010 Monsoon Rains • ¤£N15 ••• & Flooding !!, !!" Version 2.0 Glide No: FL-2010-000141-PAK

Destroyed Bridge in Lower !I ANALYSIS BACKGROUND: were identified as potentially directly affected by the Dir 14 August 2010 UNOSAT provided emergency response maps to the flood waters, the majority of villages completely ¥¦¬ humanitarian community with the support of the inundated or surrounded by flood waters without open !I International Charter Space and Major Disasters in land evacuation routes. Over 5,000 km of primary or collaboration with several partners. This product is issued secondary roads were likely submerged along with 400 )" ¤£S-2 in support of the Early Recovery Cluster and to facilitate km of railway tracks and 400 bridges. Please note that )" the work of the UN in the damage assessment and post the numbers of affected locations presented in this map )" )" )" disaster phase. UNOSAT, the World Bank (GFDRR) and and associated table likely represent absolute minimum )" )")" )" )" !I)" )" )" )" )" )" N-35 !I the EC Joint Research Centre (JRC) have a standing estimates for the area assessed; because of limitations in )" ¤£ )" )" )" )" )" )" " collaboration engagement for the use of GIS and available settlement and transportation datasets it is ¤£N-5 !I )" )" ) !I ¤£N-75 )" )" !I satellite analysis in support of damage assessment. certain that the numbers of affected villages, towns and F )" !I)" affected infrastructure / transportation lines are N-55 ANALYSIS SUMMARY: significantly underestimated. This disaster analysis was ¤£ )" ¤£N-5 This map presents a comprehensive overview of the conducted with satellite imagery provided through the maximum flood water extent across the affected International Space Charter as well as from ESA, NASA ¥¦¬ provinces in as detected by a constellation of and USGS. !I satellite sensors throughout the course of this !I catastrophic disaster from 28 July to 7 September 2010. CALCULATING THE MAXIMUM FLOOD EXTENT 1:8,500 © DigitalGlobe ¤£N-80 Flood waters depicted on the map have been symbolized The estimated total surface area of all satellite-detected !I with two classes, the first and primary class (shown in flood waters during this event was 37,280km2 based on 70 meters of main bridge south of Chakdara town in Lower Dir !I red), represents the maximum water extent across the cumulative analysis from 28 July to 16 September 2010. district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa destoryed by flash flooding.!I affected provinces, as identified with a very high degree This estimate includes both water classes shown in the

of confidence; the second class (shown in orange), map and has been controlled for the normal, pre-crisis ¤£N-5 represents potential flood waters which were identified water extent of major rivers, lakes and reservoir water m with a moderate to low degree of confidence. Inset bodies using the best available hydrological datasets. £N-55

¤ !I u Severe town flooding satellite images over selected locations across the Because of the limited duration of the reported flash l 24 August 2010 )" affected region provide detailed examples of the type of floods in the northern provinces of Pakistan (especially e !I Jinnah )" damages and other flood related issues that will need to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), as well as limitations of the h C !I J be addressed during the early recovery and satellite sensors used for this analysis, it is likely that the reconstruction phases. Further, a spatial analysis total extent of flood waters have been underestimated £N60 ¤ !I conducted with satellite-derived flood data provided a by potentially upwards of several hundred square b preliminary estimate of the potential number of villages, kilometres. Nevertheless, the total impact of this n a !I e !I )" !I towns, infrastructure sites as well as the length of roads probable underestimation is essentially negligible when )" # )" ¤£N-5 h 1,515m )" C and railway tracks directly affected by the flooding. calculating the overall accuracy and completeness of the !I # These results have been quantified by administrative flood water area estimation for the whole of Pakistan.

)" province (see included table). Across the whole of the Based on these results, it is estimated that approximately s C !I )" flood affected region, it has been estimated that over 4.5% of the surface area of Pakistan was directly flooded u Chashma d 7,490 villages, 135 towns/cities and 190 health facilities during the course of this event. !I 1,366m !I N-55 # n !I ¤£ )" )" I

Preliminary Summary of Flood-Affected Populated Places and Infrastructure !I !I ¤£N-5 KHYBER Province BALOCHISTAN Others Total 1:12,000 PAKHTUNKHWA © GeoEye

)" )" )" )" !I )" Village Count 174 808 4,038 2,750 10 7,780 A significant majority of buildings in the town of Nawe Kili were )" )")" partially submerged under flood water from the Kabul River and are )" ! Towns / Cities 6 39 54 42 0 141 )" !I likely severely damaged or destroyed. Almost all interior local roads )" ! # ! impassable. )" # )" Health facilities 12 20 70 98 0 200 )" !I Bridges 11!I 183 139 95 1 429 )" !I )" Collapse of N5 highway 2 August 2010 )" ! Roads (km) 313 772 1,613 2,630 21 5,350 )" )" )" !I ! Railways (km) 10 27 169 199 0 406 !I )" ! )" ! )" ! !

!I )"

Severe flooding of # city of Jacobabad 4 September 2010

)" Severe town flooding 24 August!I 2010 # F ¤£N-55 R a v i )" !

TaunsaC !I 1:5,000 © DigitalGlobe ! 138m # 2,314m # ¤£N-5 !I Total collapse of two major bridges along the east and westbound !I )" !I # Kot Isa Shah lanes of the N5 approximately 700m to the north-east of the town !I Sura Khel. All highway traffic diverted along an access road which )" )" !I ! # ! itself at risk of flooding. The east-west railroad lines unaffected and )" )" !N-70 !I operational. )" )" ¤£ # Kolar !I !I )" 1:100,000 © DigitalGlobe ¤£N-70 # u t l e j Jacobabad remained partially flooded in northern and eastern S sections of the city for over two weeks; completely encircled by )" 1:20,000 © GeoEye flood waters, leaving no functional land transport routes for aid or ¤£N-65 evacuation. Severe urban flooding of Kot Isa Shah Town !I !I )"

!I ¤£N-55 !I )" CPunjnad

1,455m # !I

#1,252m ¤£N-5

120m IDP camp sites, Sukkur# # 1,107m 29 August 2010 # # !I )" ¥¦¬ ¤£N-65 !I )" !I # Agriculture Flooding 27 August 2010 )" !I )"! !I N-55 C )" ¤£ !I Gudu !I !I !I Kashmore )" )")" )" !I

)" )" )" )" !I )" # ¤£N-5 !!I " ) )" 77m # 1:6,500 © DigitalGlobe !I #

)" Within Sukkur city, 12 IDP camps with several hundred individual ¤£N-65 )" !I tents were identified as open from satellite imagery recorded on 29 )" August 2010 !I N-55 # ¤£ CSukkur

# # © DigitalGlobe 1:18,000

Example of severe flooding of cultivated lands along Indus 158m # !I

2,156m # 61m !I # ¤£N-5 !I

Flooding of Ghaupur Town 1 Sept. 2010 #

# # 87m !I Sumar # Flooded Villlages ¤£N-55 16 August 2010 Hayat Khan Bagio # Jalbani !I )"

)" Sukkur Barrage 29 August 2010

)" Duri Dero

)" !I Warya !I ¤£N-5 !I

#914m # Niwan # # )" )"

# # 1:14,000 © DigitalGlobe

)" # # Town of Ghaupur severely damaged by flooding from canal breach !I 1:34,000 © DigitalGlobe on 8-9 August, has remained submerged for over month.

# ! )" 207m )" # 695m # )" Within the main flood water extent along the Indus there are # )")" )" )" )" # )")" )" 1:24,000 © DigitalGlobe thousands of small villages and towns that (as illustrated here in )" southern Sindh province) are either submerged under water or have # become literal islands within the Indus. ! The Sukkur Barrage resisted unprecedented water volume stresses # KotriC )" and remained intact and functional providing local authorities with limited but critical control over downstream Indus water flow. ¤£N-5 !I

#Kotri91m Barrage, Hyderabad

ak 29 August 2010 Satellite Data (1): ENVISAT ASAR IMP (HH) Source: DMC International Imaging Ltd. Source: NASA Rapid Response i L e ! r Resolution: 24 meters Crisis Satellite Data (5): Worldview-1 Landsat-7 imagery: ESRI WMS l Image Dates: 1, 3, 6 September 2010 Resolution: 0.5m Elevation Data: Aster GDEM Source: European Space Agency (ESA) Image Date: 2 August 2010 Source: METI & NASA 2009 ! a 31m !I !I # Satellite Data (2): ALOS PALSAR (FBD & WB1) Source : USGS,!I Digital Globe GIS Data : NGA, OCHA, USGS Legend # !I K Resolution: 25/100 meters Crisis Satellite Data (6): QuickBird2 Transport Data: Google Map Maker !I Image Date: 4 July & 5, 19 & 21 August 2010 Resolution: 0.6m Transport Data Copyright: SATELLITE ASSESSMENT ! ¥¦ Capital City ! !I Source: © JAXA, METI Image Date: 14, 16, 24 & 29 August 2010 © 2009 Google - Improve CLASSIFICATION: Crisis Satellite Data (3): RADARSAT-2 Source: USGS, GEOEYE with Google Map Maker )" Town / City Likely Resolution: 25 meters Crisis Satellite Data (7): GeoEye-1 Refugee Data: UNHCR Flood Affected Image Date: 5, 10, 21 August 2010 Resolution: 0.5m Hospital Data: WHO ! Power Plant Probable Maximum Flood Water Extent Copyright: Radarsat-2 © MDA 2010 Image Date: 5 & 10 August 2010 Flood Analysis: UNITAR!I / UNOSAT Multiple Input satellite sensors 28 July - 16 September 2010 Source: Canadian Space Agency Source: USGS, GEOEYE Map Production: UNITAR / UNOSAT C Barrage Satellite Data (4): UK DMC2 Crisis Satellite Data: MODIS Aqua & Terra Projection: UTM Zone 42N Possible Flood Waters- Multiple Resolution: 32 meters Resolution: 250 meters Datum: WGS-84 Airport / Airfield Input satellite sensors Image Date: 19 August 2010 Image !IDates: 28 July – 16 September 2010 !I 28 July - 16 September 2010 !I Province Border c s u t h District Boundary Pre-Crisis Indus River Extent K Kalianpur 1975 UTM Zone 42N (Mixed satellite imagery dates) u f Projection: Transverse_Mercator d o Primary Road u t c a n n Datum: Kalianpur_1975 n K h R Railroad 31m !I I # f Map Scale for A1: 1:1,675,000 o Note: The background Landsat-7 satellite image was clipped n Kilometers to represent only the shape of flood-affected districts during n this disaster and does not depict the full political extent of the R a 0 12.5 25 50 75 100 125 150 country of Pakistan. 1:16,000 © DigitalGlobe

The Kotri# Barrage resisted unprecedented water volume stresses ARABIAN and has remained intact and functional. I! SEA !I