Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
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Local and Landscape Effects on Carrion-Associated Rove Beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Communities in German Forests
insects Article Local and Landscape Effects on Carrion-Associated Rove Beetle (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Communities in German Forests Sandra Weithmann 1,* , Jonas Kuppler 1 , Gregor Degasperi 2, Sandra Steiger 3 , Manfred Ayasse 1 and Christian von Hoermann 4 1 Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany; [email protected] (J.K.); [email protected] (M.A.) 2 Richard-Wagnerstraße 9, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; [email protected] 3 Department of Evolutionary Animal Ecology, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany; [email protected] 4 Department of Conservation and Research, Bavarian Forest National Park, 94481 Grafenau, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 15 October 2020; Accepted: 21 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 Simple Summary: Increasing forest management practices by humans are threatening inherent insect biodiversity and thus important ecosystem services provided by them. One insect group which reacts sensitively to habitat changes are the rove beetles contributing to the maintenance of an undisturbed insect succession during decomposition by mainly hunting fly maggots. However, little is known about carrion-associated rove beetles due to poor taxonomic knowledge. In our study, we unveiled the human-induced and environmental drivers that modify rove beetle communities on vertebrate cadavers. At German forest sites selected by a gradient of management intensity, we contributed to the understanding of the rove beetle-mediated decomposition process. One main result is that an increasing human impact in forests changes rove beetle communities by promoting generalist and more open-habitat species coping with low structural heterogeneity, whereas species like Philonthus decorus get lost. -
A Baseline Invertebrate Survey of the Knepp Estate - 2015
A baseline invertebrate survey of the Knepp Estate - 2015 Graeme Lyons May 2016 1 Contents Page Summary...................................................................................... 3 Introduction.................................................................................. 5 Methodologies............................................................................... 15 Results....................................................................................... 17 Conclusions................................................................................... 44 Management recommendations........................................................... 51 References & bibliography................................................................. 53 Acknowledgements.......................................................................... 55 Appendices.................................................................................... 55 Front cover: One of the southern fields showing dominance by Common Fleabane. 2 0 – Summary The Knepp Wildlands Project is a large rewilding project where natural processes predominate. Large grazing herbivores drive the ecology of the site and can have a profound impact on invertebrates, both positive and negative. This survey was commissioned in order to assess the site’s invertebrate assemblage in a standardised and repeatable way both internally between fields and sections and temporally between years. Eight fields were selected across the estate with two in the north, two in the central block -
Zootaxa, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Cephennium
Zootaxa 781: 1–15 (2004) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 781 Copyright © 2004 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Phloeocharis subtilissima Mannerheim (Staphylinidae: Phloeo- charinae) and Cephennium gallicum Ganglbauer (Scydmaenidae) new to North America: a case study in the introduction of exotic Coleoptera to the port of Halifax, with new records of other species CHRISTOPHER MAJKA1 & JAN KLIMASZEWSKI2 1 Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History, 1747 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3A6, email: [email protected] 2 Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 du PEPS, PO Box 3800, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1V 4C7, email: [email protected] Abstract Phloeocharis subtilissima Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Phloeocharinae), a Palearctic staphylinid, and Cephennium gallicum Ganglbauer (Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae: Cephenniini) are recorded for the first time for North America from Point Pleasant Park, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Can- ada. The bionomics of both species are discussed based on European data in addition to new obser- vations of their ecology in Nova Scotia. The role of port cities, such as Halifax, in relation to the introduction of exotic Coleoptera is discussed with examples of other species introduced to North America from this location. The earliest known record of Meligethes viridescens (Fabricius) for North America and the second and third reported locations of Dromius fenestratus Fabricius are also presented. Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Phloeocharinae, Phloeocharis, Cephennium, Scyd- maenidae, new records, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, North America, introduction, exotic species, seaports Introduction The port of Halifax, Nova Scotia, has been an active gateway for shipping for over 250 years. -
ARTHROPODA Subphylum Hexapoda Protura, Springtails, Diplura, and Insects
NINE Phylum ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM HEXAPODA Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects ROD P. MACFARLANE, PETER A. MADDISON, IAN G. ANDREW, JOCELYN A. BERRY, PETER M. JOHNS, ROBERT J. B. HOARE, MARIE-CLAUDE LARIVIÈRE, PENELOPE GREENSLADE, ROSA C. HENDERSON, COURTenaY N. SMITHERS, RicarDO L. PALMA, JOHN B. WARD, ROBERT L. C. PILGRIM, DaVID R. TOWNS, IAN McLELLAN, DAVID A. J. TEULON, TERRY R. HITCHINGS, VICTOR F. EASTOP, NICHOLAS A. MARTIN, MURRAY J. FLETCHER, MARLON A. W. STUFKENS, PAMELA J. DALE, Daniel BURCKHARDT, THOMAS R. BUCKLEY, STEVEN A. TREWICK defining feature of the Hexapoda, as the name suggests, is six legs. Also, the body comprises a head, thorax, and abdomen. The number A of abdominal segments varies, however; there are only six in the Collembola (springtails), 9–12 in the Protura, and 10 in the Diplura, whereas in all other hexapods there are strictly 11. Insects are now regarded as comprising only those hexapods with 11 abdominal segments. Whereas crustaceans are the dominant group of arthropods in the sea, hexapods prevail on land, in numbers and biomass. Altogether, the Hexapoda constitutes the most diverse group of animals – the estimated number of described species worldwide is just over 900,000, with the beetles (order Coleoptera) comprising more than a third of these. Today, the Hexapoda is considered to contain four classes – the Insecta, and the Protura, Collembola, and Diplura. The latter three classes were formerly allied with the insect orders Archaeognatha (jumping bristletails) and Thysanura (silverfish) as the insect subclass Apterygota (‘wingless’). The Apterygota is now regarded as an artificial assemblage (Bitsch & Bitsch 2000). -
Working Today for Nature Tomorrow
Report Number 574 Revision of the Index of Ecological Continuity as used for saproxylic beetles English Nature Research Reports working today for nature tomorrow English Nature Research Reports Number 574 Revision of the Index of Ecological Continuity as used for saproxylic beetles Keith N A Alexander 59 Sweetbrier Lane Heavitree Exeter EX1 3AQ You may reproduce as many additional copies of this report as you like, provided such copies stipulate that copyright remains with English Nature, Northminster House, Peterborough PE1 1UA ISSN 0967-876X © Copyright English Nature 2004 Acknowledgements Thanks are due to Jon Webb for initiating this project and to the many recorders who have made their species lists available over the years. The formation of the Ancient Tree Forum has brought together a wide range of disciplines involved in tree management and conservation, and has led to important cross-fertilisation of ideas which have enhanced the ecological understanding of the relationships between tree and fungal biology, on the one hand, and saproxylic invertebrates, on the other. This has had tremendous benefits in promoting good conservation practices. Summary The saproxylic beetle Index of Ecological Continuity (IEC) was originally developed as a means of producing a simple statistic which could be used in grading a site for its significance to the conservation of saproxylic (wood-decay) beetles based on ecological considerations rather than rarity. The approach has received good recognition by the conservation agencies and several important sites have been designated as a result of this approach to interpreting site species lists as saproxylic assemblages of ecological significance. The Index is based on a listing of the species thought likely to be the remnants of the saproxylic beetle assemblage of Britain’s post-glacial wildwood, and which have survived through a history of wood pasture management systems in certain refugia. -
Hox-Logic of Body Plan Innovations for Social Symbiosis in Rove Beetles
bioRxiv preprint first posted online Oct. 5, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/198945. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Hox-logic of body plan innovations for social symbiosis in rove beetles 2 3 Joseph Parker1*, K. Taro Eldredge2, Isaiah M. Thomas3, Rory Coleman4 and Steven R. Davis5 4 5 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 6 CA 91125, USA 7 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity 8 Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 9 3Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, 701 West 168th Street, New 10 York, NY 10032, USA 11 4Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, 12 USA 13 5Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, 14 USA 15 *correspondence: [email protected] 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1 bioRxiv preprint first posted online Oct. 5, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/198945. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 How symbiotic lifestyles evolve from free-living ecologies is poorly understood. In 2 Metazoa’s largest family, Staphylinidae (rove beetles), numerous lineages have evolved 3 obligate behavioral symbioses with ants or termites. -
Hox-Logic of Preadaptations for Social Insect Symbiosis in Rove Beetles
bioRxiv preprint first posted online Oct. 5, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/198945. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Hox-logic of preadaptations for social insect symbiosis in rove beetles Joseph Parker1*, K. Taro Eldredge2, Isaiah M. Thomas3, Rory Coleman3 and Steven R. Davis3,4 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 3Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA 4Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA *correspondence: [email protected] bioRxiv preprint first posted online Oct. 5, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/198945. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. How symbiotic lifestyles evolve from free-living ecologies is poorly understood. Novel traits mediating symbioses may stem from preadaptations: features of free- living ancestors that predispose taxa to engage in nascent interspecies relationships. In Metazoa’s largest family, Staphylinidae (rove beetles), the body plan within the subfamily Aleocharinae is preadaptive for symbioses with social insects. Short elytra expose a pliable abdomen that bears targetable glands for host manipulation or chemical defense. The exposed abdomen has also been convergently refashioned into ant- and termite-mimicking shapes in multiple symbiotic lineages. Here we show how this preadaptive anatomy evolved via novel Hox gene functions that remodeled the ancestral coleopteran groundplan. -
A Contribution to the Knowledge of Tachyporiane Group of Rove Beetles
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Linzer biologische Beiträge Jahr/Year: 2011 Band/Volume: 0043_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): Samin Najmeh, Zhou Hong-Zhang, Sakenin Hamid, Imani Sohrab, Rastegar Jinoos Artikel/Article: A contribution to the knowledge of Tachyporiane group of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinoidea: Staphylinidae) from Iran 1579-1586 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Linzer biol. Beitr. 43/2 1579-1586 19.12.2011 A contribution to the knowledge of Tachyporiane group of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinoidea: Staphylinidae) from Iran N. SAMIN, H. ZHOU, H. SAKENIN, S. IMANI & J. RASTEGAR Abstract: One of the four staphylinid groups (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), Tachyporiane group is studied in this paper. In a total of 24 species from 14 genera (including Phloeocharis MANNERHEIM, Bryophacis REITTER, Ischnosoma STEPHENS, Lordithon THOMSON, Mycetoporus MANNERHEIM, Sepedophilus GISTEL, Tachinus GRAVENHORST, Tachyporus GRAVENHORST, Aleochara GRAVENHORST, Atheta THOMSON, Myrmecopora SAULCY, Leptusa KRAATZ, Euryalea MULSANT & REY, Oxypoda MANNERHEIM) and 3 subfamilies (including, Phloeocharinae, Tachyporinae, Aleocharinae) are listed in this paper. Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Tachyporiane Group, Fauna, Iran. Introduction Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) is one of the largest families of beetles, with over 46,000 species known worldwide (NEWTON et al. 2001). Rove beetles are known from every type of habitat that beetles occur in, and their diets include just about everything except the living tissues of higher plants. Most rove beetles are predators of insects and other kinds of invertebrates, living in forest leaf litter and similar kinds of decaying plant mat- ter. They are also commonly found under stones, and around freshwater margins. -
Staphylinidae and Fungi1
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Faunistisch-Ökologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2000-2007 Band/Volume: 8 Autor(en)/Author(s): Lipkow Erhard, Betz Oliver Artikel/Article: Staphylinidae and fungi 383-411 ©Faunistisch-Ökologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft e.V. (FÖAG);download www.zobodat.at Faun.-Ókol.Mitt. 8, 383-411 Kiel, 2005 Staphylinidae and fungi1 By Erhard Lipkow& Oliver Betz Summary Associations with fungi have played an important role within the evolution of the Staphylinidae. Interactions with fungi occur in each of the four subfamily groups in the form of mycophagy or predation on other fungus-dwelling organisms. Mycopha- gous/fungivorous species are found in the following subfamilies: Micropeplinae, Neophoninae, Habrocerinae, Aleocharinae (e.g. Gyrophaena Mannerheim, Phanerota Casey, Eumicrota Casey, Placusa Erichson, Homalota Mannerheim, Stictalia Casey, Pseudatheta Cameron, Pagla Blackwelder, Polylobus Solier), Tachyporinae (e.g. Sepedo- philus Gistel), Scaphidiinae (e.g. Scaphisoma Leach, Cyparium Erichson), Oxyporinae (Oxyporus Fabricius). The following subfamilies include species with at least facul tative mycophagy: Glypholomatinae, Omaliinae, Proteininae, Dasycerinae, Trichophy- inae, Osoriinae. This review summarizes the diversity of relationships between beetles and fungi for several subfamilies and elucidates possible adaptations of their mouth- parts to mycophagy (especially sporophagy). Based on a microphagous -
Final Format
Forest Disturbance Effects on Insect and Bird Communities: Insectivorous Birds in Coast Live Oak Woodlands and Leaf Litter Arthropods in the Sierra Nevada by Kyle Owen Apigian B.A. (Bowdoin College) 1998 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, and Management in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Committee in Charge: Professor Barbara Allen-Diaz, Chair Assistant Professor Scott Stephens Professor Wayne Sousa Spring 2005 The dissertation of Kyle Owen Apigian is approved: Chair Date Date Date University of California, Berkeley Spring 2005 Forest Disturbance Effects on Insect and Bird Communities: Insectivorous Birds in Coast Live Oak Woodlands and Leaf Litter Arthropods in the Sierra Nevada © 2005 by Kyle Owen Apigian TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Figures ii List of Tables iii Preface iv Acknowledgements Chapter 1: Foliar arthropod abundance in coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) 1 woodlands: effects of tree species, seasonality, and “sudden oak death”. Chapter 2: Insectivorous birds change their foraging behavior in oak woodlands affected by Phytophthora ramorum (“sudden oak death”). Chapter 3: Cavity nesting birds in coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) woodlands impacted by Phytophthora ramorum: use of artificial nest boxes and arthropod delivery to nestlings. Chapter 4: Biodiversity of Coleoptera and other leaf litter arthropods and the importance of habitat structural features in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Chapter 5: Fire and fire surrogate treatment effects on leaf litter arthropods in a western Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Conclusions References Appendices LIST OF FIGURES Page Chapter 1 Figure 1. -
Hox-Logic of Preadaptations for Social Insect Symbiosis in Rove Beetles
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/198945; this version posted October 5, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Hox-logic of preadaptations for social insect symbiosis in rove beetles Joseph Parker1*, K. Taro Eldredge2, Isaiah M. Thomas3, Rory Coleman3 and Steven R. Davis3,4 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 3Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA 4Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA *correspondence: [email protected] bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/198945; this version posted October 5, 2017. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. How symbiotic lifestyles evolve from free-living ecologies is poorly understood. Novel traits mediating symbioses may stem from preadaptations: features of free- living ancestors that predispose taxa to engage in nascent interspecies relationships. In Metazoa’s largest family, Staphylinidae (rove beetles), the body plan within the subfamily Aleocharinae is preadaptive for symbioses with social insects. Short elytra expose a pliable abdomen that bears targetable glands for host manipulation or chemical defense. The exposed abdomen has also been convergently refashioned into ant- and termite-mimicking shapes in multiple symbiotic lineages. -
Catalog of the Staphylinidae( Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the End of The
CATALOG OF THE STAPHYLINIDAE (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA). 1758 TO THE END OF THE SECOND MILLENNIUM. I. INTRODUCTION, HISTORY, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, AND OMALIINE GROUP LEE H. HERMAN BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NUMBER 265 NEW YORK : 2001 Recent issues of the Bulletin may be purchased from the Museum. Lists of back issues of the Bulletin, Novitates, and Anthropological Papers published during the last five years are available at World Wide Web site http://nimidi.amnh.org. Or address mail orders to: American Museum of Natural History Library, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, N.Y. 10024. TEL: (212) 769- 5545. FAX: (212) 769-5009. E-MAIL: [email protected] CATALOG OF THE STAPHYLINIDAE (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA). 1758 TO THE END OF THE SECOND MILLENNIUM. I. INTRODUCTION, HISTORY, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, AND OMALIINE GROUP LEE H. HERMAN Curator, Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural History BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Number 265, pages 1–650 Issued July 18, 2001 (Parts I–VII) Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2001 ISSN 0003-0090 ... I Vnnametf'friassic fFossi{ .. Top: Staphylinus hirtus Linne. [he first species of Staphylinidae described !illustration after Panzer, 1796, Faunae insectorum Germanicae). Bottom: Unnamed Triassic fossil, the oldest known species of Staphy linidae (from photOgraph of original fossil). CATALOG OF THE STAPHYLINIDAE, PARTS I–VII PART I, pages 1–650 Introduction Brief History of Taxonomic Studies of the Staphylinidae Research History • Biographical