Bird Watching in A GUIDE TO THE OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM

COMPLIMENTARY COPY 2016 EDITION

The has been approved by Nature Unit, Tourism Development Department Ministry of Primary Resources and Tourism Negara Brunei Darussalam

Published by Nature Unit Tourism Development Department Ministry of Primary Resources and Tourism Jalan Menteri Besar BE3910 Negara Brunei Darussalam

© Tourism Development Department, Brunei Darussalam, 2016

Second Edition 2016

All rights reserved. Not to be reproduced any part of the article, illustrations, and contents of this booklet in any form and by any means, either electronic mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the Director of Tourism Development Department, Brunei Darussalam.

Bird Watching in Brunei 2nd Edition 2016

ISBN 978-99917-81-00-6

Skin Decorative Design Nature Unit Team

Team Coordinator Mohd Jeffrey Hj Mohd Sunny Lai

Publishing Team

Nature Unit Team, Tourism Development Department Mohd Jeffrey Hj Mohd Sunny Lai Asulhamhaidi Mohd Ashrane Nor Azme Hj Deli

Sakam Conservation Program Mohammad Vol

Universiti Teknologi Brunei Mohammad Faiz Zil Hariri Hj Aji (Attachment Student)

2016 EDITION BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 1

CRESTLESS FIREBACK . Lophura pyronata BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI PHOTO . SUNGAI INGEI RESEARCH TEAM

Cover Photo . Mohammad Vol BIRDS PLATES IN THIS BROCHURE Wrinkled Hornbill . Aceros corrugatus 1. PHEASANT 23. CONTENT 2. PARTRIDGE/ QUAIL/ 24. BEE-EATER ROULROUL 25. DOLLARBIRD/ BROADBILL INTRODUCTION 3. DUCK 26. HORNBILL PAGE 2 4. HERON/ BITTERN 27. BARBET BRUNEI IN BRIEF 5. EGRET 28. WOODPECKER/ PICULET PAGE 4 6. FRIGATEBIRD/ ADJUTANT 29. PITTA/ NUTHATCH BIRD SITES LOCATION MAP 7. DARTER 30. / PAGE 6 8. HAWK/ EAGLE/ KITE 31. MINIVET IDENTIFYING 9. FALCON/ BUZZARD 32. SHRIKE PAGE 8 10. CRAKE/ / SNIPE 33. FAIRY BLUEBIRD/ BLACK/ BIRD CONSERVATION 11. WATERCOCK/ / MAGPIE PAGE 10 WATERHEN 34. TAILORBIRD/ PRINIA/ GETTING STARTED 12. STILT/ STINT/ LAPWING/ TRILLER PAGE 12 PLOVER 35. / STARLING BASIC GUIDE OF USING THIS BOOK 13. SANDPIPER/ REDSHANK/ 36. GRASSBIRD/ WABBLER/ PAGE 13 GREENSHANK BABBLER FEATURE BIRDS 14. CURLEW/ WHIMBREL/ 37. WHITE-EYE PAGE 14 GODWIT 38. MYNA ESSENTIALS 15. TERN/ PRATINCOLE 39. THRUSH/ STONECHAT/ PAGE 81 16. DOVE/ PIGEON MAGPIE ROBIN 17. PARROT/ PARAKEET 40. FLYCATCHER/ MONARCH White-bellied Sea Eagle 18. CUCKOO/ DRONGO 41. FANTAIL/ PHILENTOMA Haliaeetus leucogaster 19. MALKOHA/ COUCAL 42. FLOWERPECKER PHOTO, STEPHEN HOGG 20. OWL/ FROGMOUTH/ 43. SUNBIRD NIGHTJAR 44. SPIDERHUNTER

21. SWIFT/ SWALLOW/ 45. MUNIA NEEDLETAIL 46. SPARROW 22. TROGON 47. WAGTAIL/ PIPIT

2 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 3 Introduction

Birdwatching is a harmonious . These places are crucial

recreational activity which involves for the survival of species such observing wild birds in their natural as the threatened Storm’s Stork, which can be enjoyed by Lesser Adjutant, Cinnamon-

everyone. It can be done with the headed Pigeon, Bornean Ground naked eye, through binoculars Cuckoo and Straw-headed Bulbul. and telescopes, or by listening to Other birds such as the Ruddy

bird sounds. There are a number Kingfisher and the Hook-billed of reasons to participate in this Bulbul depend on the health of the activity, for some it is the thrill of . These include the

the chase, or racking up a long Brunei River, River Estuary, list of bird sightings. Others are Belait River, Tasek Merimbun, just content to get to know a few Luagan Lalak and Temburong

of the common birds and some do River. it as a profession to help in their

conservation, Most birders Prime wildlife viewing hours say that they simply enjoy the for most species are the first few opportunity to go outside, learn hours of daylight and the last

about nature, and spend time with few hours before sunset as the people who have like interests. birds are more active and vocal Whatever your inclination, it is

knowing that you are doing something fun, worthwhile, productive and positive.

Due to their accessibility and ubiquity, birds are a useful tool

in environmental education and awareness of conservation issues. Birds easily transmit values in

respect for nature and the fragility Magpie Robin of ecosystems for creating a Copsychus saularis PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG sustainable future. making them easier to spot.

BIRDING IN BRUNEI Although hawk-watching, one of Brunei has one of the the most exciting wildlife-watching most pristine in events, is frequently best enjoyed

and home to around 622 species during the middle of the day. The of birds, of which 49 species are procedure for nocturnal, or night- endemic only to Borneo, making active doesn’t get going

Brunei one of the most until after the sun goes down. species rich habitat in the world. Here thousands of species of plants On the Brunei hillsides, bordering

and abound, together with a the Malaysian state of Sarawak, further array of hornbills, barbets, birds are quite common, though babblers, sunbirds, spiderhunters, the logistics of getting to some

, trogons and floor of the areas are tough, especially dwellers like pheasants, pittas and during the monsoon season. wren-babblers.

In this brochure, we have selected Other important areas are the birds that are commonly sighted coastal and riverine , that and the list of areas that are easily include accessible for birders. CANOPY WALK, Ulu Temburong National Park

fresh-water swamps and mangrove PHOTO . David Kirkland 4 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 5

BRUNEI IN BRIEF GETTING TO BRUNEI Located on the northern shore of Air | Brunei’s only airport is

Borneo Island, Brunei Darussalam 10km from the centre of the is surrounded by the South capital. The national airline, Royal Sea in the north and the Malaysian Brunei Airlines has direct flights

state of Sarawak on every other between Bandar Seri Begawan and side. 13 destinations around the world

including Singapore, Kuala Lumpur AREA SIZE and Kota Kinabalu in Sabah. Geographically, the country Airlines, Singapore

consists of 2 parts with a total area Airlines, Air , Cebu Pacific and of 5,765 sq km. It is divided into Maswings also fly into Bandar Seri 4 districts - Brunei-Muara, Tutong, Begawan.

Belait, which are on the western portion, and Temburong, a less Land | If you are already in

populated area on the eastern side. Borneo, you can reach Brunei overland via Miri in Sarawak from the west, passing CAPITAL The capital city, Bandar Seri town or via Kota Kinabalu in Begawan (BSB) is based in the Sabah passing through Limbang and Lawas in Sarawak. Roads are Brunei-Muara district and it is the only port of entry by air. quite good and there are long distance buses that travel all the way from Kuching, Kota Kinabalu CLIMATE and Pontianak in Kalimantan, A hot tropical climate with high . humidity and rainfall. Rainfall

occurs throughout the year but is heaviest between September Sea | There are boats from the Muara ferry terminal, (about 25km and December. Temperatures range from 25-32 degrees Celcius northeast of Bandar Seri Begawan) and average humidity is 79%. between Brunei and Labuan island, (near Sabah) and Limbang

POPULATION in Sarawak. From Bandar Seri Begawan itself there is also a boat The country’s population of service to Limbang. If you wish to about 400,000 comprises 67% drive to Brunei, you can cut your Malays, 15% Chinese, 6% tribes road time significantly by taking a indigenous to Borneo and 12% 2 1/2 hour journey by ferry from others. Menumbok in Sabah to the Muara ferry terminal. LANGUAGE Bahasa Melayu (Malay) is the

national language but English is widely spoken.

CURRENCY

The unit of currency is the Brunei Dollar (B$) and is on a par with the Singapore Dollar that is also

accepted as equivalent exchange.

ACCOMMODATION

Brunei has a wide range of accommodation at competitive

rates. International standard, mid- Java Sparrow range, budget hotels and youth Padda oryzivora centres are all available. PHOTO . WILLIAM TAN Brahminy Kite . Haliastur indus PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG 6 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 7

GETTING AROUND BRUNEI Taxis | Available in Bandar Seri Water Taxis | The most common MUARA

Begawan, at the multi-storey car transportation in Kampong Ayer is by Muara Port park at Jalan Cator. There are also boat, you can hail one from any of Berakas Serasa airport taxis and taxis in most the jetties along the Brunei River and Rimba hotels and shopping centres. at Wharf in Bandar Seri Begawan. Mentiri Fares are not metered and should Fares are negotiable and should be Tungku BANDAR SERI BEGAWAN JERUDONG be agreed before the journey. agreed before the journey. Boat Gadong There is a 50% surcharge after services to Temburong operate from Sengkurong Tasek Lama 11pm for airport taxi services. It is Kianggeh Jetty between 7.30am to Mata-mata recommended to keep the contact 4.00pm daily. Kilanas Telanai Damuan of your preferred taxi driver for the Marburong Bunut arrangement of future trips. TUTONG To Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Bukit Panggal BRUNEI Batu Ampar

Wasan Rice Field MUARA Labu Batang Mitus Limau Manis DISTRICT Telisai Limbang, Sarawak Peradayan Tanjong Maya SARAWAK Kg Sungai Burong Menangah Lakiun (MALAYSIA) Bukit Udal Batu Apoi Lumut Sungai Liang Lamunin Ujung Jalan BANGAR Pak Bidang Belaban Baru KUALA SERIA Rambai Sg Tujoh BELAIT Sibut Tasik Merimbun Benutan Batang Duri Sg Mau National Park Badas Ulu Temburong Bukit Puan Long Tadion Bt Serawong National Park TUTONG To Miri, Sarawak DISTRICT TEMBURONG SARAWAK DISTRICT Kuala Balai (MALAYSIA) SARAWAK Labi (MALAYSIA)

BELAIT Bus | There are five bus routes in to Seria (91km/57 miles), Tutong DISTRICT Bandar Seri Begawan, operating (48km/30 miles), Muara (27km/17 Teraja from 6.30am until 6pm. The miles), and from Seria to Kuala

Central Line, Eastern Line, Western Belait (16km/10 miles). Line and Northern Line. The city bus system is well maintained Car hire | Self-drive or chauffeur- and inexpensive. Bus number 42, driven cars are available at the 44, 46, 48 and 56 route is from airport and major hotels. It is LISTED AREA FOR Bandar Seri Begawan and will pass important to specify whether an BIRDWATCHING through the Damuan area. Bus air-conditioned car is required. number 24 will pass through Berakas Documentation | An International PUBLIC ROAD Forest and for other birdwatching Driving Permit is required to hire a IMMIGRATION site, there is a bus terminal located at car. A temporary license to drive in ENTRY|EXIT POINT the multi-storey car park on Jalan Brunei is available on presentation Cator in the town centre. Services of a valid driving license from the operate from Bandar Seri Begawan visitor’s country of origin.

(Note: map size is not to scale) 8 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 9

LOOK FOR WING DESCRIBE HABITAT, BARS AND TAIL SHAPE AREA, AND CLIMATE Identifying species Next look for details on the bird’s Make note of the habitat in which body, wings, and tail. Keep an you have observed the bird, LISTEN FOR CALLS eye out for wing bars, colour you can do this even after the bird AND SONG patches, and other markings on has flown off. Did you spot the the body, when it is stationary or bird in a wetland or woodland? One of the best way to identify a in flight. What colour is its back Are you in an urban setting or in bird is to listen to the sound they and its belly? How long is its tail in the jungle? Each species of bird has make. Listening out for a bird’s relation to the bird’s body length? a typical region that they inhabit vocalizations is simple but it’s How does it hold its tail? Does it and making note of the area you’re also easy to forget to do, you can have a forked tail or is it square or in when you observe a bird can listen to a bird while you look at it. rounded? narrow the possibilities when you Listen to the calls and look out for try to identify that bird. Also, birds bill movements, to ensure you’re migrate and species composition associating the correct song with OBSERVE LEG in a region changes throughout the bird you’re trying to identify. COLOUR AND LENGTH the seasons, so make note of the Does the bird have long legs or time of year (or specific date you short legs and what are the colour? ESTIMATE GENERAL observed the bird). SIZE AND SHAPE If you can catch a glimpse of its A general picture of the bird, feet, try and determine if its feet chloris that is its approximate size and are webbed, or if it has talons. Record Your PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG shape, will often give you many Some birds even have toes that Observations After viewing the bird, write clues when placing it into the arranged differently than others and if you’re fortunate enough to down your observations for later Birds are active, energetic animals correct family of birds. Begin have a close- up view, see how reference. From markings to and you need a keen quick eye to with an assessment of the bird’s many of its toes point forwards or behaviour, write down anything spot as many details as possible overall appearance. What is the backwards. you noticed, it can all help when in a short space of time. There are approximate size of the bird? It’s you later sit down with a field many obstacles and identifying a easiest to estimate size in relation guide to confirm the bird’s species. bird can be a real challenge. To to well know birds. For instance, STUDY MOVEMENT Also, note the location, date, time stand the best chance of knowing is the bird you’re observing about AND FLIGHT what kind of bird you are looking of day of the sighting. the size of a sparrow? A robin? A PATTERNS at, you should know what to look pigeon? A turkey? Think in terms Observe the way the bird walks, for, what matters most and how to of silhouettes and try to get an how it holds its tail, or how it spend your precious viewing time. inkling for its general body shape. jumps from branch to branch. If it Does it stand upright and walk with flies off, watch for a pattern in its KEEP YOUR EYE ease, or is it unsteady and awkward flight, does it swoop up and down ON THE BIRD on land? in gentle arcs with each wing beat or does it glide gently and steadily. Every second of viewing time is valuable. When you spot a bird, MAKE NOTE OF FACIAL keep your eye fixed on the bird MARKINGS AND BILL DETERMINE and study it—absorb details of CHARACTERISTICS FEEDING HABITS

its markings, movements, song, After you have determined its If you can, try and determine what

feeding habits, and size. You may general size and shape, then you the bird is eating or how it feeds. want to take some quick notes or should be ready to start looking for Does it cling to a tree trunk and sketch things that catch your eye. other details. Start at the head, look dig at the bark looking for insects? But don’t focus too much on your for distinctive strips and patches Does it forage on the ground, jottings, try to maximize the time of colour including crown stripes, tilting its head to watch for insects you have the bird in view, as this is eye lines, nape colour, eye arcs or scurrying amongst blades of grass, your time to study it before the bird rings. Does it have a black ‘hood’ or does it move its bill through the

dashes off, out of sight. on its head? Do its feathers form a water at the edge of a pond.

crest atop its head? Also note the colour and shape of the bird’s bill. Wrinkled Hornbill How long is the bill in relation Aceros corrugatus to the bird’s head? Is it straight or PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG curved, conical or flattened? 10 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 11

BIRD CONSERVATION APPRECIATION Bird and wildlife conservation is One of the simplest pleasures

critical to the richness and diversity we get from bird and wildlife of the planet we share with more conservation is a genuine

than 10,000 species of birds. appreciation for our natural world. Understanding bird conservation We come into close contact with means understanding ecology. different birds and can discover

Wild birds are an integral part of their unique personalities and the ecosystem and serve many quirks. Even the common birds important purposes, including: in our backyard can teach us

Insect and rodent population appreciation of natural diversity. control By recognizing birds as unique and individual creatures, we can Distribution of seeds that leads better understand the need for to forest conservation appropriate conservation efforts. Food sources for bird predators

Awareness and By studying and conserving birds, we can better understand the Education relationships between all living Participating in one type of conservation program inevitably things on our planet and how the interactions of those relationships leads to a heightened awareness can affect humans directly. of other environmental and conservation issues. Birders

interested in preserving one species of shore bird, for example, may discover that the reason the

bird population is declining is

due to contaminated water. That

awareness of local pollution can lead to efforts for better water conservation that may in turn

impact local beaches or drinking water.

Conscientious birders should be aware of a range of environmental

issues, including:

• Pollution Dusky Munia • Lonchura fuscans • Pesticide effects PHOTO . WILLIAM TAN • Endangered species • Bird hunting regulations

• Predator populations BIODIVERSITY Birds are one of the most Each of these issues is

populous life forms on earth, interconnected and can impact and that biodiversity leads to a birds in often unexpected ways. richness of life and beauty. The Large numbers of feral cats

incredible numbers of bird species resulting from transient populations demonstrates amazing evolutionary or shelter overcrowding, adaptations, and by learning how for example, for example, can have

birds are able to adapt can we begin an impact on local bird populations to change our own behaviours to because of a greater number of live harmoniously in our world. Bird predators. Birders who are aware of

conservation can also highlight the these and similar issues can take diversity of different habitats. action to promote responsible bird conservation. BORNEAN GROUND CUCKOO . Carpococcyx radiatus PHOTO . SUNGAI INGEI RESEARCH TEAM 12 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 13

THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND Access to the birding site The interests of the Respect the wishes of local residents and landowners, and don’t enter bird come first Getting started private land without permission It applies not just when you are unless it is open for public access on depending on the location. Keep at a nature reserve, but whenever START BY WATCHING track of what you have seen, where you are watching birds at home or foot. Note that rules and codes can differ in each part of a country, so BIRDS IN YOUR and when, this way you can begin to abroad. Birds respond to people plan ahead and make sure you know GARDEN OR PARK. map populations. in many ways, depending on the where you can go and what you are You’ll be able to learn about species, location and time of year. permitted to do. identification techniques and there TAKE PICTURES Avoid disturbing birds and their shouldn’t be too many different Visual records are a great tool for habitats at all cost, as it may keep species that might confuse you. Make your sightings count identifying species if eye-to-eye birds from their nests, leaving chicks Get involved in national monitoring observation proves too difficult. hungry or enabling predators to LEARN TO IDENTIFY take eggs or young. schemes where your sightings can Take snapshots of birds that you contribute to local knowledge BIRDS BY THEIR CALLS want to identify later as well as and help map the population of a Be an Ambassador for You can download bird songs recording your sightings. particular species. This can aid in the birdwatching online and it’s a great idea to put conservation of a particular site and It will be most effective if it on an mp3 player that you can species of bird. take with you when you go into people lead by example and the field. sensitively challenge the minority BIRDWATCHING Rare birds of birdwatchers who behave FIELD BAG Think about the interests of wildlife inappropriately. Think about your BINOCULARS A field bag is useful for carrying and local people, respect legislation field craft and behaviour, not One of the most important pieces all your supplies when you go out before passing on news of a rare just so that you can enjoy your of kit that you should always be on bird watching. Although, every bird, especially during the breeding birdwatching, but so others can too. hand, carrying them on a neck individual will have different season. Think about whether the

strap is always wise for quick requirements, there is some site can cope with a large number access. equipment that it is essential to CRIMSON SUNBIRD of visitors and whether sensitive pack in your field bag. Aethopyga siparaja species might be at risk. RESEARCH THE AREA PHOTO . ABDUL HADI

A map of the area you will be Identification: You may find it BASIC GUIDE OF birdwatching in can help you plan useful to carry proper identification USING THIS BOOK a route of your trip and prevent particularly if you are visiting areas the occurrence of becoming lost. near private or restricted land. CHARACTER Before you go off on a birding trip A distinguishing feature or Water: Birdwatching may involve attribute of species by size,

read up on what birds you may periods of prolonged walking colour and other specific see with relevance to time of day so keeping hydrated is essential, physical characteristic.

and year. as depending on your location, IDENTIFICATION water sources may be few and far Habit and general between. JOIN A LOCAL BIRD feature of species. WATCHING GROUP Mobile Phone: Birdwatching AREA can take place in remote locations Go on an organised birding tour Common birdwatching area You’ll have the opportunity to visit so keeping in contact in case of species selected for sighting of the particular a great bird watching area under emergency is essential. Also if you for this book species.

the guidance of an experienced have a smart phone there are a Due to abundance of food birder. You’ll get to know other number of birding apps available supply in Brunei, many TRANSPORTATION METHOD TO BIRDWATCHING SITE bird watchers and share your to enhance your hobby. species of migratory birds can be seen almost all knowledge and meet experienced First Aid Kit and Emergency TRAVEL BY WATER year round. birders who can help hone your Equipment: In the unfortunate The area can be reached by boat or possibility of traveling skills. event of an accident and generally Birds which are listed in over wet area. keeping yourself safe from the this brochure are species TRAVEL BY WALKING RECORD YOUR elements; sunglasses, sunscreen that are seen naturally in The area can only be reached SIGHTINGS and lip balm, repellent, Brunei as determined by by walking or possibility of those frequently spotted and distance traveling on foot. Keep a pen and paper handy aspirin, plasters, antiseptic cream, torch and flares can facilitate. in logistically possible to TRAVEL BY ROAD for making notes from field reach areas. The area can only be reached by observations. Waterproof road or possibility of vehicle notebooks are more practical within jungle area. 14 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

1. PHEASANT Argus Pheasant Argusianus argus Crested Fireback Lophura pyronata

CHARACTER

• 65 - 67cm

• Only found in primary forests

• Uncommon local resident

• Population is declining due

to over-hunting and forest destruction.

IDENTIFICATION

• Male has cobalt blue facial

skin and dark crest.

• Dark blue upperparts, with PHOTO . SUNGAI INGEI RESEARCH TEAM yellowish tail feathers.

CHARACTER

• Male 120 - 165cm; Female 60cm AREA Ulu Temburong National Park, • Uncommon local resident Peradayan Recreational Forest • Only found in pristine primary forests.

Feeds on insects, fruits and • berries.

• Male display to the female in

a cleared dancing ground.

IDENTIFICATION

• Huge pheasant where male has elongated tail feathers.

Female is smaller and lacks

The long tail.

AREA

Ulu Temburong National Park

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

15 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

2. PARTRIDGE/ QUAILS/ ROULROUL Roulroul

Notes: ______

16 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

3. DUCK Wandering Whistling Tufted Duck

Notes: ______Northern Shoveler ______

______Garganey ______

______

17 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

4. HERON/ BITTERN Grey Heron Ardea cinerea

Purple Heron Ardea purpurea

CHARACTER

• 70 - 90cm

• Common resident species in

wetland areas such as coasts, estuaries, swamps and lakes.

• Can be seen waiting

motionless for at water

edge

IDENTIFICATION

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG • Body plumage is a mixture of brown, black and purplish-grey. CHARACTER Iris is pale yellow. Yellow bill, • 90 - 98cm legs and feet. Head is pulled • Some local residents, with back during flight. some winter visitors from the North. • Can be seen on in wetlands AREA such as lakes, swamps, rivers. Tasek Merimbun, • Feeds on fish, small reptiles Wasan Rice Fields

and small mammals.

• A large heron.

IDENTIFICATION

• Overall grey plumage. Head

and neck are white with black

line running from eye to crest. Yellow bill with yellowish

grey legs and feet.

AREA Tasek Merimbun

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

18 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Striated Heron Chinese Pond Heron

Notes: Rufous Night Heron ______

______

______

19 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Cinnamon Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis

Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus

CHARACTER

• 38 - 40cm

• Can be found in swampy areas and paddy fields.

• A very shy bird, and seldom

seen in open ground.

IDENTIFICATION

• Adult male has uniformly

rich cinnamon upperparts PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG and paler underparts. Adult female is duller with some white streaks on upperparts. CHARACTER Cinnamon wings are prominent during flight. • 30 - 40cm • Uncommon local resident with some being winter visitor.

• Prefers swamps, marshes, AREA paddy fields. Wasan Rice Field, Kuala Balai • Feeds on invertebrates.

IDENTIFICATION

• Dark crown and brownish

upperparts. During flight,

black wing feathers and tail can be seen.

AREA

Wasan fields, Kuala Balai

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

20 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

5. EGRET Little Egret Great Egret Egretta garzetta Ardea alba

CHARACTER

• 55 - 65cm

• Common winter migrant, and

some might have become

local resident.

• Normally along the seashore or in swampy areas.

• Occasionally in large flocks

when following a tractor.

• Stir up prey in mud or water

with feet by walking quickly.

IDENTIFICATION • A small delicate egret.

• Long thin black bill, black leg PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG and yellow feet

CHARACTER AREA • 80 - 104cm Commonly seen in Tutong • Common winter visitor sewage treatment plant, throughout Borneo, some Sg. Seria, Damuan might be resident. mudflats, Serasa mudflats, • Commonly found in wetlands, water village during low and mudflats. tide.

IDENTIFICATION • Largest migratory egret. • Heavy bills, long kinked neck, yellow bill during non- breeding season.

AREA Commonly seen in Tutong sewage treatment plant, Sg. Seria, Damuan mudflats, Serasa mudflats; Kg. Ayer (Water village) during low tide

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

21 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Cattle Egret Notes: ______Intermediate Egret ______

______

______Pacific Reef Egret ______

22 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

6. FRIGATE BIRD/ ADJUTANT Notes:

______

Lesser Frigate ______

______

______

______Lesser Adjutant ______

______

______

______

23 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster 3. DARTER

CHARACTER • 85 - 97cm • Locally common resident, found in swampy marshlands, rivers and lakes. • Sometimes seen swimming Notes: with only its head and neck above water surface. ______• Dives for fish and other aquatic reptiles with its sharp ______bills. • Sometimes can be seen ______perched and spreading its wings to dry. ______IDENTIFICATION ______• Long, thin snake-like neck, and pale streaks in plumage. ______• Greyish-yellow webbed feet.

______AREA Tasek Merimbun, Wasan Rice Field, Tutong Sewage Treatment Area

24 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

8. HAWKS/ EAGLES/

KITES Crested Serpent Eagle Grey-headed Spilornis cheela

Fishing Eagle Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus

CHARACTER

• 61 - 75cm

• Uncommon local residents.

• Can be found perched on

trees along interior rivers, wet

marshes and swamps.

• Feeds on freshwater fish.

IDENTIFICATION • Large greyish brown eagle

with white tail and broad PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG black terminal band.

AREA CHARACTER Ulu Temburong National Park, Peradayan Recreational Forest, • 45 - 74cm Kuala Balai • Common local resident, often seen perching on electric

cable in rural villages.

• Can be seen soar above

forests in mid-day.

Feeds on snakes, small • mammals and smaller birds.

IDENTIFICATION

• Black crown with small crest. Dark brown upperparts with

and chestnut underparts,

intersperse with white feathers

giving its characteristic look of scaly plumages. Bright

yellow bare facial skin.

AREA

Tasek Merimbun, PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG Ulu Temburong National Park,

Peradayan Forest Reserve

25 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

White-bellied Sea Eagle Rufous-bellied Haliaeetus leucogaster Hawk-eagle

CHARACTER • 70 - 85cm • Common local resident • Can be seen soaring along coasts, lakes, estuaries, and swamps. • Hunts by swooping down and snatching fish and other prey from water surface.

IDENTIFICATION • A large eagle with white, black and grey plumage, and wedge-shaped tail. In flight, white underwing coverts are Changeable Hawk-eagle prominent against dark flight feathers.

AREA Kg. Ayer (Water village), Brunei river

Wallace’s Hawk-eagle

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

26 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus

Bat Hawk

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG Black-shouldered Kite

CHARACTER • 45 - 51cm • Common local resident. • Can be seen soaring above swamps, coasts and mangroves. • Predator feeding on fish, reptiles and small mammals.

IDENTIFICATION • Bright chestnut brown upperparts with white head. Black Kite

AREA Tutong Mangroves, Kg. Ayer (Water village)

27 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

9. FALCON/ BUZZARD Black-thighed Falconet Peregrine Falcon

Oriental Honey Buzzard Osprey

28 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

10.CRAKE/RAIL/ SNIPE Greater Painted Snipe Notes: ______

______Common Snipe ______

______Buff-banded Rail ______

______

______

29 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

11.WATERCOCK/ MOORHEN/ WATERHEN White-breasted Waterhen

Notes: Purple Swamphen ______

______

30 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

12. STILTS/ STINTS/ LAPWING/ PLOVER Black-winged Stilt Grey-headed Lapwing

Long-toed Stint Kentish Plover

Little Ringed Plover Pacific Golden Plover

31 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

13. SANDPIPER/

REDSHANK/ Wood Sandpiper GREENSHANK

Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos

Common Redshank

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

CHARACTER • 19 - 21cm • Commonest wader in Brunei, normally seen on mudflats and mangroves fringe.

Common Greenshank IDENTIFICATION • Sandy-brown upperparts with white eye-ring and dark eye- stripe. Constantly bobbing its tail.

AREA

Kg Ayer (Water village) at low tide, Seria mudflats

32 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

14. CURLEW/

WHIMBREL/

GODWIT Black-tailed Godwit Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus

Eurasian Curlew PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

CHARACTER • 40 - 46cm • Seasonal, common winter visitor to Brunei. • Can be seen on coastal mudflats and mangrove forests feeding alone or in small groups. • Feeds on worms and small crustaceans by probing the mud with its long bill.

IDENTIFICATION • Brownish black crown stripe with long, decurved black bill.

AREA Brunei Bay mudflats, Kg. Ayer (Water village) at low tide

33 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

15. TERN/

PRATINCOLE/

RUFF

Whiskered Tern Oriental Pratincole

Notes: Common Ruff ______

34 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

16. DOVE/ PIGEON Spotted Dove Zebra Dove

Thick-billed Green

Pigeon Emerald Dove

Cinnamon-headed Little Green Pigeon

35 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Pink-necked Green Pigeon Jambu Dove

Large Green Pigeon Green Imperial Pigeon

36 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

17. PARROT/ PARAKEET Notes: ______Blue-crowned Hanging Parrot ______Blue-rumped Parrot (female) ______

37 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

18. CUCKOO/ DRONGO Plaintive Cuckoo

Moustached Hawk-cuckoo

Violet Cuckoo

Square-tailed Drongo-cuckoo

Bronzed Drongo

Racquet-tailed Drongo

38 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

19. MALKOHA/ Black-bellied Malkoha COUCAL Chestnut-breasted Malkoha Phaenicophaeus curvirostris

Chestnut-bellied

Malkoha

CHARACTER • 42 - 49cm • The largest malkoha in Brunei. • Common local residents. • Found in both primary and disturbed forests, cultivated areas, mature gardens. • Feeds on insects, small Raffles’s Malkoha lizards, frogs.

IDENTIFICATION • Dark grey head with prominent red patch of skin around eyes. • Upper mandible of bill is yellowish. Underparts and tail tip is dark chestnut brown.

AREA Ulu Temburong National Park, Perdayan Recreational Forest, Kuala Balai, Seria, Jalan Sg. Burung

39 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Red-billed Malkoha Notes: ______Greater Coucal ______

______

______Lesser Coucal ______

40 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

20. OWLS/ FROGMOUTH/ NIGHTJAR Collared Buffy Fish Owl Scops Owl Ketupa ketupu Otus bakkamoena

CHARACTER

• One of the commonest small

owl in Borneo.

• Found in disturbed areas and around cultivated farms.

• Feeds of insects such as cicadas, and also small

reptiles.

• Nest in tree cavities.

IDENTIFICATION

• Small, brownish owl.

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

AREA Tasek Lama, Kuala Balai, CHARACTER Peradayan Forest Reserve

• 38 - 44cm • Nocturnal

• Common resident in lowland

forests.

• Associated with water bodies

such as swamps, paddy fields, streams and rivers.

• Usually feeds on fish, frogs

and small mammals.

• Roosts in dense foliage trees

and palms.

IDENTIFICATION

• Long horizontal ear tufts; white V shaped patch

above bill.

• Generally dark rufous brown

plumage. PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

AREA Ulu Temburong National Park, Tasek Merimbun, Kuala Balai, Peradayan Forest Reserve 41 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Brown Wood Owl Large-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus macrurus

CHARACTER • 25 - 29cm • Common local resident. • Can be seen in open grasslands, cultivated areas, parks. • Normally seen rest on the ground or perch on a low branch.

IDENTIFICATION • Dark brown plumage with pale buffy spots.

AREA Sundan Frogmouth Tutong, Berakas Forest Reserve

PHOTO . Joseph Charles

42 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

21. SWIFT/ SWALLOW/ NEEDLETAIL Grey-rumped Treeswift Whiskered Treeswift

Barn Swallow Pacific Swallow

Brown Needletail White-breasted Wood Swallow

43 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

22. TROGON

Scarlet-rumped Trogon Notes: ______Red-naped Trogon ______

______

______Diard’s Trogon ______

44 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

23. KINGFISHER

Collared Kingfisher Todiramphus chloris Stork-billed

Kingfisher capensis

CHARACTER

• 23 - 25cm

• Local resident; one of the most common

seen in urban coastal areas of

Brunei.

• Can be seen in mangroves, swamps, coastal beaches,

gardens, ponds etc.

• Feeds on insects and small

reptiles such as frogs and

lizards.

IDENTIFICATION • Greenish-turquoise upperparts PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG with bright white underparts and collar.

CHARACTER

35cm AREA • Serasa, Kuala Balai • The largest kingfisher in Borneo.

• Common local resident.

• Seen in swampy areas

mangroves, paddy fields and along interior rivers.

• Can be seen perched on

branches or wire poles

waiting for preys such

as crabs, fish and small mammals.

IDENTIFICATION

• A stocky kingfisher with buffy orange head, massive red bill

and turquoise upperparts.

AREA PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG Tutong river, Belait river

45 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Blue-eared Kingfisher Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher Alcedo meninting

CHARACTER • 17cm • Forest kingfisher, occur in both good and disturbed forests along mangroves, streams and swamps. • Feeds on small fish only.

IDENTIFICATION • Distinctive blue band on back with bright metallic Common Kingfisher blue upperparts. White throat and patch on side of neck. Underpart is rufous orange.

AREA Tasek Merimbun, Tutong river

Bornean Banded

Kingfisher

PHOTO . ABDUL HADI

46 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

24. BEE-EATER Red-bearded Blue-throated Bee-eater Bee-eater Merops viridis

CHARACTER • 29 - 31cm • Commonest bee-eater in Brunei. • Common local resident, found in disturbed forests and open habitats. • Commonly seen perch on power cables close to forest edges. • Feed on flying insects such as bees.

IDENTIFICATION • Turquoise-blue, bee-eater with distinctive dark chestnut Notes: forehead and long blue central tail streamers. ______AREA Tasek Lama, Berakas Forest Reserve, ______Tasek Merimbun

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG ______

47 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Black-and-red 25. DOLLARBIRD/ Broadbill Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos BROADBILL

Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis

CHARACTER

• 25 - 28cm • Common local resident

• Can be found on disturbed

forests and cultivated areas.

• Normally seen flying in the

air with the characteristics large white patch on both side

of wings.

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG IDENTIFICATION

• Large-sized bird with black head and overall bluish-green appearance with red bill. CHARACTER • 20 - 24cm • Uncommon local resident AREA • Can be found in both primary Tasek Merimbun, Jalan Sg. and disturbed forests. Burung • More readily seen near interior rivers where the nest

hangs suspended over water.

• Feeds on fruits, insects and

other invertebrates.

IDENTIFICATION

• Attractive broadbill with black head and back, red

underparts. Upper mandible

of bill is bright cobalt blue

and lower mandible is yellow.

AREA Ulu Temburong National Park,

Peradayan Recreational Forest,

Kuala Balai

PHOTO . ABDUL HADI

48 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Black-and-yellow Dusky Broadbill Broadbill Eurylaimus ochromalus

CHARACTER • 13 - 15cm • Uncommon local resident. • Found mostly in primary forests and mature secondary forests. • Usually can be spotted at high canopy level. • Feeds on insects.

Banded Broadbill IDENTIFICATION • Black head and upperparts with white collar ring and bright yellow streaks on wings and back, pink underparts. • Bills are bright turquoise blue.

AREA Ulu Temburong National Park, Peradayan Recreational Forest, Kuala Balai

Green Broadbill

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

49 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

26. HORNBILL Wrinkled Hornbill Rhinoceros Aceros corrugatus Hornbill Buceros rhinoceros

CHARACTER

• 80 - 90cm Uncommon local residents. • • Only found in pristine primary

forests.

• Feeds mainly on figs and

other fruits; also on small insects and lizards.

IDENTIFICATION

• Large hornbill with red casque; white tail with black PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG central band.

AREA CHARACTER Ulu Temburong National Park, • 65 - 70cm Peradayan Recreational Forest, • Uncommon local resident. Kuala Balai

• Only found in primary forests

• Feeds on fruits and small mammals.

IDENTIFICATION

• Male has small red casque;

two-third of tail is white and

blue skin around eye.

AREA

Ulu Temburong National Park,

Peradayan Recreational Forest

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

50 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Bushy-crested Oriental Hornbill Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros albirostris

Wreathed

Hornbill

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

CHARACTER • 55 - 60cm • Common local resident. • Found in disturbed forests, cultivated areas, mature gardens. • Feeds on fruits and insects.

IDENTIFICATION • Black overall with white belly, vent and under-tail. Asian Block

Hornbill AREA (male/female) Seria, Kuala Balai

51 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Helmeted Hornbill

Notes: ______52 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

27. BARBET Bornean Brown Barbet Black-eared Barbet

Red-throated Barbet Notes:

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

Red-Crowned Barbet ______

______

______

______

______

______

______

53 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

28. WOODPECKER/ Olive-backed Woodpecker PICULET

Common Flameback Woodpecker

Buff-rumped Woodpecker Brown-capped Woodpecker

Crimson-winged Orange-backed Woodpecker Woodpecker

54 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

White-bellied Great Slaty Woodpecker Woodpecker

Notes: Grey-and-buff ______Woodpecker ______Rufous Piculet ______

55 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

29. PITTA/ Velvet-fronted NUTHATCH Nuthatch Fairy Pitta Sitta frontalis

CHARACTER • 12 - 12.5cm • Common local resident. • Normally found in primary forests and mature secondary forests. • An agile bird that can climb vertically up and down tree trunk searching for insects and ants on bark.

IDENTIFICATION • Black forehead with blue upperparts. Bill, legs and feet are red.

Hooded Pitta

AREA Ulu Temburong National Park, Peradayan Recreational Forest, Kuala Balai, Jalan Sg. Burung

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

56 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

30. IORA/ LEAFBIRD

Common Iora Aegithina tiphia

CHARACTER • 12 - 14 cm • Common resident species in Brunei. • Found in disturbed secondary forests, cultivated areas and gardens. • Territorial and usually occurred in pairs. • Feeding on small invertebrates found on leaves. Lesser Leafbird

IDENTIFICATION • Yellowish plumage on body, with darker yellow upper parts; long white feathers on the rump prominent during flight.

AREA Tasek Merimbun; Kuala Balai; Peradayan Forest Reserve, Berakas Forest Reserve

Greater Leafbird

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

57 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 31. MINIVET Grey-chinned Minivet Grey-chinned Minivet (female) (male)

Fiery Minivet Scarlet Minivet (male) (female)

Scarlet Minivet (juvenile)

58 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

32. SHRIKE Large Woodshrike Black-winged Flycatcher Shrike

Tiger Shrike Long-tailed Shrike

Sundan Cuckoo-shrike Lesser Cuckoo-shrike

59 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

33. ORIOLE/ BLUEBIRD/ BLACK MAGPIE/ CROW Dark-throated Oriole Large-billed Crow

Asian Fairy Bluebird Slender-billed Crow

Bornean Black Magpie

60 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

34. TAILORBIRD/ PRINIA/ TRILLER Rufous-tailed Tailorbird Ashy Tailorbird Orthotomus ruficeps

Yellow-bellied Prinia

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

CHARACTER • 11 - 12 cm • Seasonal, also known as Red- headed Tailorbird. • Common local resident in cultivated areas, gardens, disturbed forests. • Can be seen moving actively from branch to branch foraging for small insects. Pied Triller

IDENTIFICATION • Overall ashy grey plumage with rufous head, face and chin.

AREA Damuan Park, Kuala Balai 61 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 35. BULBUL/ STARLING Black-And-White Yellow-vented Bulbul Bulbul Pycnonotus goiavier

Grey-bellied Bulbul

CHARACTER • 20cm • Commonest bulbul in garden and cultivated areas. • A bold, successful opportunist, feeding on grass lawns. • Feeds on small fruits and insects. • Sometimes nests in garden shrubs

IDENTIFICATION • Broad whitish supercillium Buff-vented Bulbul with dark crown; yellow vent.

AREA Commonly seen in Tasek Lama, Kuala Balai, Berakas Forest Reserve, Damuan Park, Residential Areas

62 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Cream-vented Bulbul (juvenile) Streaked Bulbul

Hairy-backed Olive-winged Bulbul Bulbul

Red-eyed Bulbul Spectacled Bulbul

63 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Black-headed Bulbul Asian Glossy

Starling Aplonis panayensis

CHARACTER • 18 - 20cm • Successfully adapted to disturbance and commonly

found in city, gardens, cultivated areas and disturbed forests.

• Feeds on fruits and insects.

IDENTIFICATION

•Entirely blackbody plumage greenish iridescence.

Notes: Bright red eyes with black ______bill and feet.

______AREA ______Commonly seen in Tasek Lama, Kuala Balai, Berakas ______Forest Reserve, Damuan Park Residential Areas ______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

64 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 32. GRASSBIRD/ WABBLER/ BABBLER

Striated Grassbird Oriental Reed Wabbler

Black-capped Babbler Chestnut-rumped Babbler

Chestnut-winged Babbler Rufous-fronted Babbler

65 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Fluffy-backed Tit-babbler Notes: ______Chestnut-backed ______Scimitar-babbler ______

66 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

37. WHITE-EYE

Oriental White -eye

Notes: ______

67 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

38. MYNA

Common Myna Javan Myna Acridotheres tristis

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

Hill Myna CHARACTER • 25 - 26cm • Invasive species in Brunei. • Some small populations seen in Brunei. • Found in cultivated areas and along roadsides. • Commonly seen foraging for invertebrates on ground. • Highly adapted to human population areas.

IDENTIFICATION • Chocolate body with black head and yellow facial skin; white wing patch prominent during flight.

AREA Commonly seen in National Stadium Berakas, Sungai Akar

68 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

39. THRUSH/ STONECHAT/ Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis

MAGPIE ROBIN

Blue-rock Thrush CHARACTER • 20 - 23cm • Common local residents found in cultivated areas, garden, villages etc • Can be seen hoping on ground foraging for invertebrates • A favourite facing the problem of over- exploitation

IDENTIFICATION Eye-Browned Thrush • Glossy black upperparts and greyish black underparts with broad white wing-stripe.

AREA Tasek Lama, Residential Areas

Siberian Stonechat

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

69 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Chestnut-hooded Laughing-thrush Notes:

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

Sunda Laughing-thrush ______

70 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

40. FLYCATCHER/ MONARCH Blue-and-white Asian Paradise Flycatcher Flycatcher

Dark-sided Flycatcher Rufous-breasted Flycatcher (female)

71 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Mangrove Blue Flycatcher Little Pied Flycatcher

Black-naped Monarch Verditer Flycatcher

Mugimaki Flycatcher (female) Narcissus Flycatcher

72 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI 41. FANTAIL/ PHILENTOMA Pied Fantail Rhipidura javanica Spotted Fantail

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

Maroon-breasted

CHARACTER Philentoma (female) • 17 - 20cm • Very active small bird, can be seen constantly fanning out tail, and moving in lower mid-storey feeding on insects. • Normally found in disturbed forests, cultivated areas, mangrove forests, gardens.

IDENTIFICATION • Black head and upperparts Notes: with white supercilium, throat and lower underparts. Tails ______are dark-grey with broad white tips. ______

______AREA Berakas Forest Reserve, Tasek Merimbun, ______Jalan Sg. Burung ______

______

73 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

42. FLOWERPECKER Orange-bellied Yellow-vented Flowerpecker Flowerpecker Dicaeum chrysorrheum

CHARACTER • 9 - 10cm • Common local resident, prefers mature secondary forests and forest edges. • Can be seen actively foraging for fruits and small insects among foliage.

IDENTIFICATION • Olive-green upperparts with Scarlet-backed distinctive thin streaks on Flowerpecker underparts, yellow rump.

AREA Ulu Temburong National Park, Peradayan Recreational Forest, Kuala Balai, Jalan Sg. Burung

Scarlet-breasted

Flowerpecker

PHOTO . STEPHEN HOGG

74 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI Spectacled Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker Flowerpecker

Notes: ______

______

75 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

43. SUNBIRDS Crimson Sunbird Aethopyga siparaja

Brown-Throated Sunbird Anthreptes malaccensis CHARACTER • 9 - 10 cm

• Local resident, commonly seen in disturbed habitats and gardens. • Feeds on nectars and small invertebrates.

IDENTIFICATION • An attractive bright red

sunbird. • Adult male has bright red head to back, and black tail. Adult female is yellowish-

green.

CHARACTER • 12 - 13cm AREA • Common local residents. Tasek Lama, Damuan Park, Residential Areas • Prefers cultivated areas, gardens, forest edges.

• Feeds on nectar and insects.

IDENTIFICATION

• Adult male has metallic blue

upperparts with coppery brown throat. Female has

overall olive-yellowish body.

AREA

Kuala Balai, Tasek Merimbun, Tasek Lama, Jalan Sg. Burung

PHOTO . ABDUL HADI

76 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Olive-backed Sunbird Plain Sunbird Nectarinia jugularis

Purple-naped Sunbird

CHARACTER • 10cm • Local resident, commonly seen in disturbed habitats and gardens. • Feeds on nectars and small invertebrates.

IDENTIFICATION • Long bill; Adult male has Purple-throated distinctive metalic blue forehead, throat and breast. Sunbird Rest of body yellowish-green. Female is olive green without the metallic hue.

AREA Tasek Lama, Damuan Park, Residential Areas, Jalan Sg. Burung

77 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Ruby-cheeked Ruby-cheeked Sunbird (male) Sunbird (Female)

Copper-throated Sunbird Notes: ______

______

78 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

44. SPIDERHUNTER Spectacled Little Spiderhunter Spiderhunter Arachnothera longirostra

CHARACTER • 15 - 17cm • Common local residents in forests, cultivated areas and mature gardens. • Can be seen moving quickly through dense undergrowth of wild banana and ginger feeding on nectar and insects.

IDENTIFICATION • Dark olive-green upperparts with scaly looking forehead. Yellow-eared Very long bill with whitish- Spiderhunter grey throat.

AREA Ulu Temburong National Park, Peradayan National Park, Tasek Merimbun

PHOTO . ABDUL HADI

79 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

45. MUNIA/ SPARROW Dusky Munia Lonchura fuscans Java Sparrow

Padda oryzivora

PHOTO . WILLIAM TAN PHOTO . WILLIAM TAN

CHARACTER CHARACTER • 10cm • 16 - 17cm • Only found in Borneo. • Introduced species to Brunei • Common local resident. due to pet trade. • Found in all cultivated areas, • Can be found in open paddy fields, gardens, forest grassland, gardens and paddy edges. field. Often seen in groups. • Feeds on seeds and grains.

IDENTIFICATION • Small with blackish-brown IDENTIFICATION plumage. Lower mandible of • Black head with extension bill is greyish blue. white patch covering from cheek to ear. Grey upperpart,

with pink belly and flanks. AREA Tasek Merimbun, Tasek Lama AREA Wasan

80 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Scaly-breasted Munia Chestnut Munia

Eurasian Tree-sparrow Notes: ______

81 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

46. WAGTAIL/ PIPIT Notes: Yellow Wagtail ______

______Paddyfield Pipit ______

______

82 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

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83 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

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84 BIRDWATCHING IN BRUNEI

Acknowledgements

Quentin Phillipps for more NATURE SOCIETY Bird Researcher, Birds of enquiries IN BRUNEI Borneo Heart of Borneo Centre Brunei Tourism Local Nature Societies are run by For photographs, site Ministry of Industry voluntary members to promote locations and species and Primary Resources environmental activities, they information. Jalan Menteri Besar are actively involved in promoting Dr. Ang Bee Biaw Bandar Seri Begawan BB3910 awareness by sharing their Brunei Darussalam knowledge and experiences. These Heart of Borneo Centre, Brunei TEL +673 238 2822 | 238 2832 societies also have experienced Dr. Joseph Charles fax +673 238 2824 birdwatchers. Universiti Brunei Darussalam EMAIL [email protected] Brunei Nature Society www.bruneitourism.travel Roger Rajah www.bruneinaturesociety.org AsiaMemories Sdn. Bhd EMAIL Information counters brunei_nature_society@ nd Arrival Hall Editorial Team (2 Edition) Brunei International Airport hotmail.com  Hj Md Zamree Hj Junaidi Ground floor Director, Tourism Development Department Panaga Natural History Society TEL +673 233 5492  Hj Zulzalani Hj Osman www.bsp.com.bn/ Special Duties Officer Grade 1, Tourism Opening hours PanagaClub/pnhs/ Development Department Open daily, 9.00am - 12.00pm  Mohd Jeffrey Hj Mohd Sunny Lai 1.30pm - 4.30pm EMAIL  Asulhamhaidi Mohd Ashrane Closed on Friday and Sunday [email protected]  Nor Azme Hj Delli Nature Unit, Tourism Development Departrment Kampong Ayer Cultural and Tourism Gallery Acknowledgements  Wildlife Division, Ministry of Primary TEL +673 220 0875 Photo credit Resources and Tourism Opening hours Stephen Hogg Open daily, 9.00am - 5.00pm William Tan  Forestry Department, Ministry of Fridays closed, 11.30pm - 2.30pm Primary Resources and Tourism Abdul Hadi Closed on public holiday Dr. Joseph Charles  Mohd Faiz Zil Hariri Hj Aji Sungai Ingei Research Team University Technology Brunei (Attachment student to Nature Unit)

BIRD WATCHING Mohammad Vol  Bud Chapman TOUR operator Hanyrol Ahmad Sah  Mohammad Vol Sakam Conservation Program IN BRUNEI Brunei Wildlife Photography Club Disclaimer All information on the bird species featured in Sakam Enterprise (BWPC) this brochure is obtained from Heart of Borneo  Hj Mohd Husini Hj Bakar Centre.  Hj Roslan Hj Awg Ratu Sunshine Borneo Tours  Yong Kem Sin All rights reserved and Travel Birdwatching in Brunei June 2016 edition, printed  Abd Wafiy Hj Johari by the Government Printing Department, Prime  Asmali Asli Ministers Office is a second edition to the Birding Mark Putera Delima Tour in Brunei May 2013 edition, part of ‘in Brunei’  Sariah Hj Bujang series produced previously by Syensai  Mahdi Hussainmiya Mediabaze for Brunei Tourism Board. For other tour agencies in Brunei, please check No part of this guidebook may Brunei Birders Group Club be copied or reproduced without written permission from Brunei www.bruneitourism.travel (BBGC) Tourism Board. Information is correct at time of  Hj Abd Razak Hj Mohd Taha publication and the publisher is  Abidin Hj Lamat not responsible for any changes that come into effect after publication.  Ridzuan Mohsin  Mohd Sofian Tengah

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