(2017) Indigenous Knowledge and Governance in Protected Areas in Australia and Sweden
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ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Talbot, Leah Dawn (2017) Indigenous knowledge and governance in protected areas in Australia and Sweden. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/52049/ The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owner of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please contact [email protected] and quote http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/52049/ Indigenous Knowledge and Governance in Protected Areas in Australia and Sweden Thesis submitted by Leah Dawn Talbot Professional Certificate in Indigenous Research Methodologies – Melbourne University 2015 Masters of Science (Research) – James Cook University 2005 Bachelor of Science in Australian Environment Science – Griffith University 1996 Thesis submitted for the research Degree of Doctor of Philosophy College of Arts, Society and Education, Division of Tropical Environments and Societies James Cook University June 2017 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to start by acknowledging the Indigenous Peoples with whom I undertook this research project. Firstly, in the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area, Australia: the Rainforest Aboriginal Peoples (or, as many of us call ourselves, Bama). I acknowledge and pay deep respect to all the Elders and knowledge holders, including those who have passed, and the future generations yet to come. It has been an honour to be able to support you in continuing your strive to have your voices heard in this world heritage area. I give sincere thanks to those involved in the research, who took the time to share with me their insights, their knowledge and their personal thoughts. Without your much valued and respected input, this research would not have gone ahead. Secondly, in the Laponia World Heritage Area, Sweden: the Sámi Peoples. Again, I acknowledge and pay deep respect to all the Sámi Elders and knowledge holders, including those who have passed and future generations yet to come. It was a great honour to meet you, to spend time with you and hear your stories. I particularly enjoyed the opportunities to share our similar historical and cultural experiences. I hope I have been able to respect and support your continuing endeavours to have your voices heard in the Laponia World Heritage Area, and also in your country, Sweden. I give sincere thanks to those involved in the research, who took the time to share with me and teach me about their insights, their knowledge and their personal thoughts. Without your much valued and respected input, this research would not have gone ahead. To all of the participants, acknowledged as co-researchers in the research, I give thanks for your time, your insights and contributions to this research. Without your much valued and respected input, this research would not have gone ahead, either. I would like to acknowledge many organisations who gave their support, and thank them for the warm welcomes, and sharing with me various information and documentation. In Sweden, these include: the Laponiatjuottjudus (the world heritage management organisation); the Laponiatjuottjudus Library; the County Administration Board of Norrbotten; Gällivare Municipality, Jokkmokk Municipality; the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA); the Swedish National Heritage Board (SNHB); Ájtte – the Sámi Museum in Jokkmokk; and the Jokkmokk Tourism and Visitor Information Centre. In Australia, these include: the Wet Tropics Management Authority (the world heritage management organisation); Girringun Aboriginal Corporation; and Jabalbina Yalanji ii Aboriginal Corporation. In particular, I would like to thank the Board members and staff of these organisations. In addition, a special thanks and appreciation to CSIRO and JCU for their financial support. I thank JCU greatly for their support in waiving my tuition fees, and providing some funds to assist in final editing of thesis. I would also like to thank CSIRO Land and Water and the Biodiversity and Ecosystems Knowledge and Services (BEKS) Program. CSIRO employed me as a full time Indigenous Research Project Officer for three years to undertake this research, providing a rare and invaluable opportunity. CSIRO also provided substantial funds to enable international travel for the field work in Sweden. CSIRO’s BEKS Program supported the development of my scholarship, professional development and early career opportunities, and I greatly appreciated intellectual and other support from many colleagues, particularly Dr Pethie Lyons and Dr Cass Hunter. Collaboration with many colleagues as co-authors in papers published during this research has assisted greatly in my development as a scientist. I would like to acknowledge and thank CSIRO leaders Dr Jim Peacock, Dr Mark Lonsdale and Mr Jim Walker for their vision and commitment in supporting full time employment as critical for enabling Indigenous scientists. I give thanks to CSIRO leaders Dr Dan Metcalf and Dr Ian Cresswell for their ongoing support for my role. Further acknowledgement and thanks is due to Crocksolid Mining Labour Company, for a small independent financial contribution that assisted some fieldwork in the local region. An acknowledgement and thanks to Dr Suzanne Jenkins for your support and advice on editing and formatting the thesis. A very special and heart-felt thanks to my supervisory team. First, I would like to acknowledge my primary supervisor Prof. Hurriyet Babacan for her continued support, encouragement, persistence and guidance in my work. You always had such positive and cheerful encouragement. Your selfless support and advice was always present. Thank you sincerely for all your support and guidance over this journey. I would also like to thank Associate Prof. Glenn Dawes for his contributions and support as a co-supervisor. And finally, but not least, I thank Dr Ro Hill, my co-supervisor at CSIRO for her continued support, mentoring, persistence and guidance in my work. Words can’t say enough to thank you for all you have done to support my role and all you continue to do. You never doubted me, you continued to push me and challenge me, while always providing ongoing and consistent support. Your advice and guidance has been above and beyond and has been steady, since well before this journey even began and throughout. Rightly so, if it hadn’t been for the belief you have in me I would not have gotten to this point at all – thank you. iii A very special thanks to my family. To my parents, Elizabeth and John Talbot. Thank you for all your support and all your help with my girls. From school pickups through to watching them on the weekend so I could continue my focused work – thank you both for all your love, help and support. To my partner, Patrick, without you by my side every step of the way, this journey would not have commenced and I would not be at this point. Your consistent support and encouragement over many, many years have meant the world to me. Thank you for all your love, support, patience and help, with keeping the family and house functioning, taking care of and attending all the soccer games and training sessions, swimming and karate lessons and sitting through all the little girl birthday parties – thank you from the bottom of my heart. You are my rock and you continue to be my-everything – thank you and I love you forever. To my two girls: Juilianna-Bree (or as we call her, JB) and Jessie-Rose (my ‘Pumpy’) – you both have been my absolute inspiration. You both challenge me, the world around us and everything you know. You are both growing into intelligent, strong and independent women full of love and empathy for the world around you. Thank you both for your patience and understanding that my work has taken so much time and how important it has been to me. Thank you for traveling and accompanying me to many of my field visits including walking the mountain tops of Sweden with me. Thank you for continually showing your interest, love and appreciation for what I have been doing for these past few years. I hope one day you will know and understand that this is for you both… and most importantly, know this: that you can achieve your dreams no matter how high or how far they may be, always believe in yourself and you will get there. I love you both more than you will know – thank you my girls. iv DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in any form for another degree or diploma at any university or other institution of tertiary education. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been duly acknowledged in the text and a list of references is given. Leah Talbot 9 June 2017 v STATEMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF OTHERS Nature of Contribution Names, Titles (if relevant) Assistance and Affiliations of Co- Contributors Intellectual support Proposal writing and Data Analysis Prof Hurriyet Babacan and guidance Dr Rosemary Hill Content clarification, chapter outline advice, specific Prof Hurriyet Babacan reference advice, theoretical framework guidance, support in theoretical concept clarification Content edit and revision, chapter outline advice, Dr Rosemary Hill guidance on structural scaffolding of paragraphs and sentences, logic structure of paragraphs, theoretical framework guidance, reference guidance, formatting advice Editorial assistance Dr Suzanne Jenkins Michelle Woods Formatting of document