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ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2018 Prepared December 2018

Hypatia Interim Editors (July 2017-January 2019) Serene J. Khader (July 2017- September 2018) Alison Stone (July 2017-January 2019) Rocío Zambrana (September 2018-January 2019)

Book Review Interim Editors Joan Woolfrey (July 2017-January 2019) Simon Ruchti (July 2017-October 2018)

OVERVIEW

Although the 2018 annual report would typically not be written until all the data from Wiley and from our own reports become available for 2018, it is being written in December 2018 because of the editorial transition taking place in January 2019. It also covers information and metrics supplied by Wiley for 2017. Similar metrics for 2018 will available in Spring 2019 from Wiley.

In July 2017 the Nonprofit Board invited Ann Garry, Serene Khader, and Alison Stone to become Interim Editors of , and Joan Woolfrey and Simon Ruchti to become interim editors of HRO. Our initial appointments were for six months, but they were extended for two subsequent six- month periods. In September 2018 Rocío Zambrana replaced Serene Khader as an Interim Co-Editor. The Managing Editors, Miranda Pilipchuk and Maja Sidzinska (HRO) worked through the entire eighteen months.

From July through December 2017 Sally Scholz, previous editor, continued to work with manuscripts already in progress. The interim editors handled all manuscripts that had been submitted since July 1, 2017. Scholz prepared an annual report for 2016 in Summer 2017 and for 2017 in Winter 2018.

Hypatia published Volume 33 in 2018. It included a total of 39 articles, 2 musings, 1 review essay plus introductions. 33:3 was a special issue, and the Politics of Shame, edited by Clara Fischer, containing 11 articles, 2 musings, and an introduction. The other three issues contained a total of 27 articles, 3 introductions, 2 musings, and 1 review essay. Each open issue contained a cluster. The average time from original submission to final decision was 197 days (6.56 months). We have been able to start production immediately on accepted manuscripts. Time from acceptance to posting on Early View averaged 38 days. Further details are given later in the report.

The 2017 Annual Report from Wiley includes the following highlights: Institutional circulation grew by more than 900 libraries worldwide, including 7,669 institutions in developing economies that 1

receive free or very lost-cost access through philanthropic arrangements. Online readership increased by 97%; readership outside the U.S. now accounts for 55% of all article downloads.

Because Hypatia had almost no university support during 2018, funding was provided directly from the Nonprofit Board. Support for the staff of the journal and HRO, plus website costs totaled $105,727. See the 2018 Treasurer’s report for details. West Chester University contributed a few hours per week of graduate-assistant time for two semesters and one-fourth of one course release for Joan Woolfrey in Fall 2018; both West Chester and San Francisco State paid HRO postage expenses.

We editors owe many thanks to a number of people. First, for many hours of hard work done by the Managing Editors, Miranda Pilipchuk and Maja Sidzinska (HRO). It was extremely important for the smooth functioning of both Hypatia and HRO to have experienced managing editors with excellent judgment guiding us during the last eighteen months.

Members of the Nonprofit Board and of the Task Force, especially the Co-Chairs of the Task Force have also provided great support for us as well. A special note of thanks is owed to Yannik Thiem for his work on Hypatia’s website and . Finally, our thanks go to the entire staff at Wiley; they adapted graciously to our new circumstances and with flexibility and understanding.

Thanks go as well to the Search Committee, Kim Q. Hall, Chair, Ann Garry, and Paula Moya, for their work over many months to select the new editorial team for Hypatia.

We warmly welcome the new editorial team from the University of : , Erin McKenna, Camisha Russell and Rocío Zambrana, and the new Managing Editor, Sarah LaChance Adams of the University of Wisconsin—Superior. Led by Erin McKenna this fall, the new team has been working on the transition. McKenna will also co-edit HRO with Woolfrey beginning in January 2019. Zambrana assumed Khader’s duties in September, as noted above. Kaja Jenssen Rathe, incoming HRO Managing Editor, also began working in Fall 2018. We thank the entire Oregon team for their work this fall and look forward to Hypatia’s flourishing in their hands. Members from the current and new teams will meet together in early January to facilitate the transition.

BOARDS AND GOVERNANCE

Regular governance structures and procedures had been suspended with the resignation of the full board of Associate Editors in summer 2017. Because revision of the governance structure is still ongoing, during 2018 there was no board of Associate Editors or equivalent to provide assistance in editorial matters. Instead, beginning in February 2018 the Nonprofit Board and the Task Force functioned collectively to assist the editors on a variety of matters.

Membership on the Nonprofit Board changed in February 2018 and now includes: Linda Alcoff, President, Jacqueline Scott, Secretary, Nancy Tuana, Treasurer, Talia Bettcher, , and Ann Garry, as editorial representative.

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Task Force Co-chairs, , Serene Khader, and Yannik Thiem, were appointed by the Nonprofit Board in Fall 2017. Other members of the Task Force, announced in early 2018, include Maria Acosta Lopez, Teresa Blankmeyer Burke, Susan Brison, Kim Q. Hall, Amy Marvin, Camisha Russell, Naomi Scheman, Kris Sealey, Krushil Watene, and Andrey Yap.

No changes were made to Advisory Board or Editorial Board due to ongoing revision of the governance structure. There was no formal group of Local Advisors.

ISSUES SPECIFIC TO 2018

The interim editors, the task force, the nonprofit board, and the search committee for new editors have all worked very hard to address the deep concerns raised by a number of feminist during 2017 and especially to try to rebuild trust where it was lost. Although it has taken some time, we find a great deal of good will for Hypatia. The editors have found the vast majority of feminist philosophers are now very cooperative, for example, are willing to review for us, to submit papers, to refer authors and referees to us, and so on.

Perhaps the most pressing concrete issue since July 2017 has been the decline in number of submissions. This was due initially in large part to the controversy concerning Rebecca Tuvel’s article, “In Defense of Transracialism,” that was posted on Early View in late April 2017, but likely also to the increasing number of journals that publish primarily feminist , for example, philoSOPHIA, Feminist Philosophical Quarterly (FPQ), International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics (IJFAB), and Studies. Hypatia remains the most prestigious among them. There are in principle sufficient numbers of manuscripts being written for all of them to flourish at the same time that more feminist manuscripts are accepted into “general” philosophical journals.

In order to try to increase the number of submissions, the editors actively encouraged people to organize clusters (and in one case to “revive” a cluster that had stalled) and encouraged the submission of papers by talking to authors at conferences, through our website and social media. We also worked with those submitting special issue proposals by creating ad hoc committees to approve them as well as help to revise the calls for papers. In addition, we expanded the length of articles to 10,000 words excluding notes and references, and to 4,000 words for musings. Expansion of our word limit puts Hypatia in a more competitive position with respect to other journals. Note that in Fall 2017 Wiley abolished its page limit, so that even if our submissions increase greatly, we are in no danger of incurring extra expense.

In order to try to increase the number of articles published, we emailed authors who had received conditional acceptances (either with major or minor revisions) to encourage them to prioritize revising their papers. We also worked very hard to turn submissions and reviews around very quickly and to make decisions as fast as possible. We were aided greatly by the flexibility of the copy editor, Julia Perkins, and the production staff at Wiley. They all appreciated our situation as we went

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beyond customary deadlines. No issue in 2017 or 2018 was delayed, though some have fewer pages than in prior years. The figures given later in the report for both the number of submissions and publication time show that we have succeeded in both areas in 2018.

In early October 2018 news broke in that , James Lindsay, and Helen Pluckrose had perpetrated a “hoax,” more precisely, a two-year long series of fraudulent submissions to academic journals that they characterize as publishing “grievance studies.” Two manuscripts had been sent to Hypatia. The first, given “reject and resubmit” three times, was submitted in a fictional Latina name and concerned inclusive pedagogy. The second, accepted after one round of major revisions, was submitted using a retired faculty member’s name with his permission. It concerned humor, epistemic injustice and oppression. Upon discovering the fraud we immediately withdrew this manuscript from production. Those perpetrating the fraud posted online all the papers they submitted and the reviewers’ comments. The editorial team worked smoothly with the publisher and the nonprofit board to fashion responses to reporters. The fraud was reported on and discussed by a number of newspapers, blogs, and on social media. Of course, there was exaggeration and distortion, but at the same time a number of writers considered the paper accepted by Hypatia not to be a “hoax,” but a paper whose authors weren’t sincere in arguing for a reasonable position. Others noted the care our reviewers take with their work. We have not noticed a further decline in submissions resulting from this incident. Our public responses can be found at http://hypatiaphilosophy.org/feminist-philosophy-news/.

DIVERSITY AWARDS

The Diversity Essay Award was scheduled to be given in 2017. Six submissions were reviewed by an ad hoc committee. None was awarded the prize, although the committee referred one paper to the editors for potential revision as an open submission. Although it was revised and resubmitted, it was rejected in 2018.

The Diversity Project and Individual Awards competitions were held both in January and June 2018, although the projects awards are typically given only in June. When the June 2017 award competition was cancelled, both sets of applicants were told that, upon request, their applications would be considered in the next competition. A committee with membership from the Interim Editors, Task Force, and Nonprofit Board reviewed from both prior and new applicants. In January there were 16 applications for project grants and 6 for individual grants. In June, a newly constituted committee reviewed 11 project applications and 8 individual applications.

Individual grants of a maximum of $500 each (4 in January, 3 in June) were awarded for presentations at conferences on diversity topics; many awardees were also members of underrepresented groups in philosophy. Six were philosophy graduate students or either junior or temporary philosophy faculty without travel funds. Monteleon is a graduate student doing theoretical work in an interdisciplinary program. Total: $3,579.43

• Aurora Georgina Bustos Arellano (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)

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• Fulden Ibrahimhakkioglu (Middle East Technical University, Turkey) • Jonathan Kwan (CUNY) • Rebecca Monteleone (Arizona State) • Laura Roberts (Univ of Queensland, Australia) • Valerie Simon (Univ of Oregon) • Tiia Sudenkaarne (Univ of Turku, Finland)

Project grants totaling $7000 were awarded for the January 2018 competition to

• Andrea Pitts (UNC Charlotte)/Perry Zurn (American). Trans Philosophy Project (A conference plus resource development: including a trans philosophy bibliography, a list of journals and publishers that support trans philosophy, a list of "Best Practices" for trans philosophy, a trans philosophers listserv, and a Facebook group). $3000

• Sandrine Berges/Saniye Vatansever (Bilkent Turkey). Support for in Turkey. A multifaceted proposal including undergrad women's conference, speaker series, networking among women philosophers in Turkey, and starting SWIP-TR. $3000

• Nancy Tuana/Emma Velez (Penn State). Toward Decolonial . Conference. $1000 to defray some speaker costs.

Project grants totaling $4500 were awarded in June 2018 to

• Caroline Arruda, Danielle Guzman, Jonathan Picado (Univ Texas El Paso) for a conference for participants from Mexico as well as the United States and elsewhere, “Applied Moral and at the Border.” Undergrads were included as applicants and in other planning roles. $2000

• Allison Assiter/Dagmar Wilhelm (University of the West of England, Bristol) for a conference that includes both community and academic participation, “Vulnerability, Exclusion, and Domination.” $1500

• Gail Weiss (George Washington) for a conference and related series of events in the DC area that brings together scholarly societies with membership from diverse ethnic/racial/feminist groups, “Diverse Lineages of II.” $1000

EDITORIAL ACTIVITY

Volume 33 featured three open issues and one special issue.

Open issue articles total including clusters 27 Recent Scholarship on Simone de Beauvoir 3 + introduction cluster articles 5

Foreigners in Philosophy cluster articles 3 + introduction Gender and the “Great Man”: Wives of the 4 + introduction Canon cluster articles Review Essays 1

Special issue articles: Gender and the Politics 11 + introduction of Shame Special issue shorter pieces: Musings 2

Volume 34 (2019) will include 4 open issues:

34:1 Open articles 5 Found cluster on Trans Philosophy 3 + introduction Review essays 2

34:2 Open articles 9 - 10 Review Essay 1 Shorter pieces: Musing 1

34.3 We already have started scheduling open articles and review essays

Other clusters in progress:

• Gaslighting and Epistemic Violence (Alison Bailey, coordinator, from 2017 Claremont Conference) • The Ongoing Relevance of ’s (Clara Fischer, coordinator, from Irish SWIP 2018) • Trans* Experience in Philosophy (Amy Marvin, coordinator, from 2016 Univ Oregon Conference) • Inclusivity in the Teaching and Practice of Philosophy (2018 Eastern APA symposium that was cancelled for snow, Charlotte Witt coordinator) • Papers from 25th Anniversary Conference 2018 for A of One’s Own ( and Charlotte Witt coordinators)

Three special issues are planned for future volumes:

• 35:1 (Winter 2020) Indigenizing and Decolonizing , edited by Celia Bardwell-Jones and Margaret A. McLaren. (Developed from the 2017 FEAST conference) There are invited book reviews planned to accompany it.

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• 35:3 (Summer 2020) Toward Decolonial Feminisms: Tracing the Lineages of Decolonial Thinking through Latin American/Latinx Feminist Philosophy, edited by Nancy Tuana and Emma Velez. (Developed from their 2018 conference at Penn State.) • 36:1 (Winter 2021) Conjure : Tracing the Genealogy of a Black Women’s Intellectual Tradition, edited by Kinitra Brooks, Kameelah L. Martin, and LaKisha Simmons. (The editors were referred to us by Kristie Dotson.)

The first special issue was approved by the Associate Editors and turned over to us in 2017 before the CFP was final. The last two were approved by committees made up of editors, nonprofit board members, and task force members, using their relevant areas of expertise.

2018 SUBMISSION AND PUBLICATION DATA WITH SOME COMPARISON TO EARLIER YEARS

Reports in this section were run from Manuscript Central, supplied by Wiley, or compiled manually. Unless otherwise noted, data for the 2018 reports end around December 7 to 9. It was written in early December, except for an update of “Manuscripts Received” that was done in early January 2019. This accounts for the disparities in some of the manuscript totals.

Manuscripts Received Jan 1-Dec 31, 2017 Manuscripts Received Jan 1-Dec 31, 2018

Manuscript Type Original Revised Total Manuscript Type Original Revised Total Contested Terrains Special Issue 2 1 3 Diversity Essay Prize 1 0 1 Diversity Essay Prize 6 0 6 Indigenizing and Decolonizing 20 1 21 Feminist Philosophy Gender and the Politics of Shame 10 38 48 Invited Book Review 58 23 81 Invited Book Review 28 14 42 Invited Review Essay 6 4 10 Invited Review Essay 1 1 2 Invited Symposium Article 1 0 1 Original Article 126 26 152 Original Article 151 53 204 Total 173 80 253 Tracing the Lineages of 21 0 21 Decolonial Thinking Through Latinx Feminist Philosophy

Total 258 81 339

Both 2017 and 2018 bear some discussion. In 2017, one way to calculate the impact of the controversy concerning the article, “In Defense of Transracialism,” is to look at average monthly submissions.

New submissions for January through April 2017 averaged almost 19 per month. During the final 8 months of 2017, beginning immediately after the controversy started, new OA submissions averaged just over 12 per month, 63% of the pre-controversy submission level. The first 4 months of revised OA submissions averaged 6.5, the last 8 months averaged 5.6.

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Although we are very pleased that the number of 2018 submissions is higher than in 2017, it is important to remember that 41 new submissions are for special issues to appear in 2020. It is nonetheless heartening that our average monthly submissions to open issues have risen to 17. Also note that the total submissions to open issues (both new and revised) rose from a total of 152 for 2017 to 204 in 2018. In addition, the HRO editors have been inviting more book reviews and review essays in 2018.

Hypatia Reviews Online

In 2018 HRO published 39 book reviews, and one review essay. Four review essays are in the pipeline for 2019.

Year Review Essay Book Reviews Online 2015 2 32 2016 2 43 2017 0 41 2018 1 39

Number of Pages per Year

Thanks to Rebecca Kennison we have the following information about total pages per year.

2014: 4 issues, 960 pages 2015: 4 issues, 907 pages 2016: 4 issues, 925 pages 2017: 4 issues, 949 pages 2018: 4 issues, 728 pages

Countries of Submitting Authors

This table includes both new and revised submissions.

Country/Region of Submitting Author # Manuscripts Percentage

Argentina 1 0.3 %

Australia 10 3.1 %

Brazil 2 0.6 %

Canada 27 8.4 %

China 4 1.2 %

Colombia 3 0.9 %

Czech Republic 1 0.3 %

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Estonia 1 0.3 % Finland 3 0.9 %

France 1 0.3 %

Germany 4 1.2 %

Greece 2 0.6 %

Iceland 1 0.3 %

India 3 0.9 %

Iraq 1 0.3 %

Ireland 3 0.9 %

Korea (the Republic of) 1 0.3 %

Netherlands 6 1.9 %

Pakistan 1 0.3 %

Romania 1 0.3 %

Russian Federation 2 0.6 %

South Africa 5 1.6 %

Spain 4 1.2 %

Sweden 3 0.9 %

Switzerland 2 0.6 %

Taiwan 1 0.3 %

Thailand 1 0.3 %

Turkey 3 0.9 %

United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland 29 9.0 %

United States 190 59.2 %

Uncategorized 5 1.6 % Summary 321 100.0 %

Decision Ratio 2018

Decision All OA Indigenizing Invited Book Invited Review manuscripts and Reviews Essays (new and Decolonizing (new and revised) Fem Phil revised) Accept 16.9% (31) 1 73 4 Minor 16.4% (30) 4 22 revision Major 15.8% (29) 4 4 2 revision

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Reject and 25.7% (47) 1 Resubmit Reject 25.1% (46) 1

Total 99.9 % (183) 11

Desk Rejections

Desk Rejections are not recorded separately in Manuscript Central. We track them manually.

2015 6% (17 manuscripts; all regular issue submission) 2016 6% (14 manuscripts; 5% of total special issue submissions, 5% of regular issue submissions) 2017 7.3% (12 manuscripts) 2018 8.7% (16 manuscripts, including 2 special issue submissions)

Time to Decision

In 2018 the average time from original submission to final decision was 197 days (6.56 months).

The factors that vary the most (require the most time) are: 1. How long authors take to revise before resubmission Authors are not held to tight deadlines for submitting their revisions 2. How many rounds of review submissions undergo In 2018 two papers were accepted that had been revised 3 times. Most are 1-2 revisions; only 1 was accepted outright (and we’re told it hadn’t happened for years). 3. The length of review time. Reviewers are usually on time, i.e., within 6 weeks, but some ask for extensions, and a few are egregiously late in spite of both automated and personal reminders. This factor is noted in the editors’ ratings of reviewers that are entered into MC.

Average number of days from submission to decision (in a single round of review)

Type of Submission Days within a single round of review from submission to decision Invited Book Review 15 Invited Review Essay 34.5

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Original Article Open Issue 53 Indigenizing and Decolonizing F.P. 95

Average publication time once a paper is sent to the press

Year From receipt at Wiley to Early View publication 2014 63 2015 49 2016 45 2017 54 2018 through Dec 13 38

DOWNLOADS: TRENDS AND SPECIFIC ARTICLES

The graph below shows downloads from January 2016 through October 2018. The unusual year is 2017 because of the high number of downloads of Tuvel’s “In Defense of Transracialism” in Spring 2017. Hypatia has received 127,393 downloads on Wiley Online Library (WOL) through October 2018, a 22% decrease from the same time period during 2017. However, the more appropriate benchmark is the number of downloads in 2016. Hypatia’s WOL downloads are up 56% from 81,198 (January through October 2016) to 127,393 (January through October 2018).

Below are the 20 most downloaded articles for January through October 2018. They cover a broad range of topics, many dealing with multiple axes of diversity and oppression.

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Total Downloads 2018 YTD Vol. Iss. Article Title (through October) It's All In the Family: Intersections of Gender, Race, and 13 3 5,334 Nation Gender, Race, and the Regulation of Native Identity in 18 2 4,516 Canada and the United States: An Overview

32 2 In Defense of Transracialism 3,251 Precarity is a Feminist Issue: Gender and Contingent Labor 33 2 2,308 in the Academy 33 1 The Paternalistic Argument against Abortion 2,057 On Microaggressions: Cumulative Harm and Individual 33 1 1,523 Responsibility 25 4 Toward a Decolonial Feminism 1,506 Tracking Epistemic Violence, Tracking Practices of 26 2 1,220 Silencing 22 1 Heterosexualism and the Colonial/Modern Gender System 1,155 Being Lovingly, Knowingly Ignorant: and 21 3 1,004 Women of Color 27 2 Bodily Disorientation and Moral Change 760 30 4 What is a Stereotype? What is Stereotyping? 750

Essence of Culture and a Sense of History: A Feminist 13 2 748 Critique of Cultural Essentialism Feminism, Women's Human Rights, and Cultural 13 2 730 Differences Comforting Discomfort as Complicity: White Fragility and 32 4 685 the Pursuit of Invulnerability

33 2 -Hating: On , , and Hate Speech 683

Gender as Lived Time: Reading for a 33 1 671 Feminist Phenomenology of Temporality

26 3 Misfits: A Feminist Materialist Disability Concept 643

Can Non-Europeans Philosophize? Transnational Literacy 32 3 627 and Planetary in a Global Age

32 2 Imagining Disability Futurities 627

RATINGS AND

In Spring 2018 Wiley sent the Journal Citation Ranking (JCR) metrics for Hypatia, including Impact Factor, for 2017. The 2018 figures will not be sent until spring 2019. All information in this section is from the JCR report except for a Google Scholar report at the end.

Metric 2014 2015 2016 2017

2Yr Impact Factor 0.446 0.519 1.038 0.712

5Yr Impact Factor 0.778 0.804 1.168 0.942 12

2Yr IF Ranking for Women’s Studies 29 of 41 28 of 40 19 of 41 27 of 43

Citable Items Published 54 51 105 104

Immediacy Index 0.019 0.255 0.057 0.127

Cited Half Life 10 10 10.1 10.1

Total Citations to All Journal Content 616 746 1,053 1,293

EigenFactor 0.00126 0.00113 0.00134 0.00097

Article Influence 0.369 0.318 0.382 0.273

2yr IF Cites 45 56 109 74

5yr IF Cites 168 189 285 [Can’t find]

Journal and Peer Journal Rankings (peers not chosen by us)

WOMENS STUDIES (Total Journals: 43)

Change in Rank JOURNAL 2016 2016% 2017 2017% 2016 to Rank Rank Rank Rank 2017

HYPATIA-A JOURNAL OF FEMINIST PHILOSOPHY 19 53.7% 27 36.5% -8

DIFFERENCES-A JOURNAL OF FEMINIST CULTURAL STUDIES 11 73.2% 11 75.6% 0

FEMINIST THEORY 18 56.1% 20 53.6% -2

FEMINIST STUDIES 33 19.5% 32 24.3% 1

Five Journals Most Often Citing Hypatia During 2017

Title Impact Total Cites (from Factor All Years)

HYPATIA- JOURNAL OF FEMINIST 0.712 66 PHILOSOPHY

RIVISTA DI ESTETICA N/A 18

SLOW PHILOSOPHY: READING AGAINST THE INSTITUTION N/A 12

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FEMINIST APPROACHES TO BIOETHICS 0.184 11

PHILOSOPHIA- A JOURNAL OF CONTINENTAL FEMINISM N/A 11

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Google Scholar

For another approach to “influence,” compare Google Scholar’s list of Feminism and Women’s Studies Journals (classified as Social Science).

Journal h5-index* h5-median 1. Psychology of Women Quarterly 36 49 2. Women's Studies International Forum 28 36 3. Feminist Media Studies 28 35 4. 24 63

5. Feminism & Psychology 22 35 6. Hypatia 20 30 7. European Journal of Women's Studies 19 31 8. International Feminist Journal of Politics 19 26 9. Feminist Review 15 28 10. 15 28

*h5-index is the h-index for articles published in the last 5 complete years. It is the largest number h such that h articles published in 2014-2017 have at least h citations each.

PROJECTS FROM PREVIOUS YEARS FOR FUTURE ATTENTION

The interim editors want to note a few projects and initiatives started by previous editors that we dealt with only minimally or not at all. We recommend that the new editorial team or future board(s) consider them as they move forward. Note that only prior projects are included here.

• Hypatia Archives. Discussions about the need for archives and difficulties in creating them ceased in approximately 2016. Information on the issues involved in setting up archives can be found in past annual reports and in minutes and documents of previous Associate Editors.

• Social media. Hypatia’s Facebook page was shut down in Summer 2017. The interim editorial team considered reinstating it, but because there was no way to exclude comments, we did not. The account that Yannik Thiem created and maintained for Hypatia during 2018 has been used for announcements (as has our website and MailChimp list). It is our recommendation that the new team reconsider the best use of social media.

• Author interviews were done by (funded) graduate students and put online during Hypatia’s time at Villanova. They received thousands of views and increased the reach of the journal. To revive this project will take more graduate student funding than might be available now, but in the past some editors have used student interns for similar projects. Outside funding is also possible, for example, for interviews from conferences from which special issues are drawn. 1-4-19 AG 14