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Comoros Islands/Regional Seismic Sources and Related Effects

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Comoros Islands/Regional Seismic Sources and Related Effects SnT2015 Conference Comoros Islands/Regional seismic sources and related effects Ms.Mariama MADI NDC Manager, Seismic Data Analyst -Comoros- Acknowledgement: Volcano Observatory Comoros: Shafik Bafakih, Moussa Moegni Ali PTS: Martin Kalinowski (Advice), Remmy PHIRI ( Data support), Ranon Josef le Bras (KML hydro-Data provider), Pierrick Mialle ( Infrasound details), Dale Robin (software) This work is being performed based on the CTBTO Fellowship for Young Scien=sts and Engineers 2014, with objec=ve of raising awareness on natural Hazards inves=gaon, However, how IDC Data contribute to Naonal Issues for Civil and Scien=fic purposes and with interest of enhancing the scien=fic Documentaon to the Naonal Ins=tu=on CNDRS-NDC-Comoros SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Outline • Introduction • Statistical approach of Local Events and SEL3 Seismic Data evaluation • Events and Related Effects • Summary SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference I-Introduction The Interest of evaluang the local seismic ac=vi=es in the region of Islands rely on understanding how the level of local acquisi=on behaves from volcanic ac=vi=es and seismic events in vicinity, with ≥ 1.5 Magnitude (Volcano-OBS) and ≥3.7/4 IDC- SEL3s events. And, how IDC Data and Products contribute to answer some ques=ons in regard of small Islands geological Hazards (e.g: Comoro-Islands), furthermore, reframe the Use of Data for Research purpose. The subject is focused on two main parts: - Statistical approach of Local and SEL3s Seismic Data - Events and Related Effects SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Location - Four principal islands, lying in a WNW–ESE line at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel - Grand Comore (1148km2), hosting the active “Karthala volcano” (rising up to 2361 m .al) (Lat: ~ 11°44’S/ Lon: ~43°20’E) - Moheli (211km2; 790m al.) , dated to 2,2Ma (Lat: ~12°19’S/ Lon: ~ 43°44’E) - Anjouan (424km2; 1595m al.) , dated to 1.5 Ma (Lat: ~12°13’S/ Lon: ~44°26’E) - And Mayotte (374 km2; 660m al.),.dated to ~5.4 Ma, which is in an advanced stage of erosion and subsidence, and is encircled by a barrier reef…(Lat: ~12°48’S/ Lon: ~45°10’E) SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Region and Target Sources Chronology of Karthala Volcano Seismic Events Region of Interest: Constained box Lat: -15/-9 Lon: 41/48 Years within the ‘2000-2014’ period of Interest SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference IDC Data-record Ressources IDC Products REBs-IDC, SEL3s 2000-2014 Seismic Data SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference • II-Statistical approach of Local Events and SEL3 Seismic Data evaluation Mg 6 5 4 3 2 1 Magnitude events, Comoros OBS SEL3 Magnitude threshold:SEL3s 0 7/24/1998 4/19/2001 1/14/2004 10/10/2006 7/6/2009 4/1/2012 12/27/2014 9/22/2017 SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference A- Issues raised from the evaluation process upon the local acquisition (earthquakes, volcanic-seismic activities,...) are likely to answer some of practical questions: 1- Gaps of Data generated from local seimic Network technical issues within the period Interest would have been fulfilled taking in to account SEL3s Data period, which is showing a continuity of recording, which could be interesting to understand the aspect of events in vicinity during the period were the local recordings were missing. 6 4 SEL3s 2 0 7/24/1998 4/19/2001 1/14/2004 10/10/2006 7/6/2009 4/1/2012 12/27/2014 9/22/2017 Period 2- Absence of Appropriated So2ware for Local Data analyses and coherence would be fixed with some of the IDC purposes on NDC in-a-box soware (…): Local Data (volcanic activities) Conversion to CSS Format for NDC analyses commitments. SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Process: (From Suds to GSE) 7 from the 39 dmx format converted: a- File: “Winsuds290” into “c: driver” or other drivers b- Files Structure: c:\winsuds290 - bin - data - doc - etc - keys - liB c- Place of Data -data must be saved in \winsuds290\data\ Name file should be : YYYYMMDD*.dmx, YYYYMMDD and dmx are important, and (*) can be any combinaon of strings. Ex: 20130201_003643_KA_904.dmx d- Conversion Into “windows Dos prompt” : - Run the script for February 01, 2013: \winsuds290\bin\convert2css.bat 2013 02 01 e.g. of files: SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Converted data into ‘Geotool’ and Waveform Results are: Unfiltered waveforms Filtered Waveforms SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference B- Seismic activity region of Interest 1- West of Islands SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference 2- Regional Events and Facilities (IMS) Assessing IDC Regional Arrivals (Pn) we notice the importance of 3 components Stations in narrow area as for Comoros Islands, then how evolving the aspect of Data comparison, close events deduction and which of the IMS facilities record the most of Seismic events. Further, they many contribute to understand seismic records generate secondary effects, in the Region etc... SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Ex. 12 March 2014 Com. SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference III- Events and Related Effects SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Effects in consideration Analyses: The area (Lat:-15/-9 and Lon:41/48), reveal significant path of Knowledge that can contribute to many aspects of risks management, combining the 3 Technologies (Seismic, Infrasound, Hydroacous=c). Some of Data showed strong usefulness to the Islands that contribute to disaster warning design for Small Islands; performance of the IDC Technology through IMS Network; but also contribute to enhance more the aspect of IDC products acquisi=on and other related issues. SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference 1- Earthquake and hazard An earthquake was felt massively in Anjouan Island and made the populaon of the Island in panic in the night of 12 March 2014. Few damages have been seen in the west of the Island (Mutsamudu region), as the populaon has been witnessing at 20:43:32 night local =me. Tesmonies: Interviewed: -:« I was scared » -: I though I would die, it was shaking roughly 8s short moment -: The last one accured in last February, with moderated quakes, but the 12 March one, definitely was 7 to 8s period but was enough to make few and moderate landslides on small parts of Mutsamudu mounts. -: ….etc…. SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Event Location SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference 2- Infrasound detections generated by the 2005 and 2006 volcanic eruptions in Comoros (Gde-Comore Island) Eruption period of consideration From 2005 to 2006 the Volcano Observatory recorded sensitive seismic activities accelerated from continuing magma activities, and generated Explosive Eruptions. Secondary Crater Principal Crater SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference Reported by IDC Infrasound Expert: 3 sequences of Karthala volcano have been observed and recorded in IRED (Infrasound Reference Event Database) in 16 and 17 April 2005, and 28 May 2006. These erup=ons have been reported in the Database of Smithsonian, at that =me, the Infrasound Technology hasn’t been yet considered among the Reviewed event Bulle=n REB records of the IDC. 17 April 2005 28 May 2006 SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference 3- Seismic hazard and tsunami effects in Comoro-Islands 3-1- 2004 tsunami and Impacts in the Islands: A joined team (NDC included) has conducted surveys on two of the areas of interest in Gde-Comore Island, In 2006 and 2007 about 35 areas, were idenfied (South African Journal of Geology) during a survey. and part of the work was based on Villager Testimony -Record of Run up: 6-7m -High slope area (hilly) along coast line -Sea wall height is aBout 3.0m aBove sea level -Arriving of tsunami at 4:30-5:00am local Time -Inundaon connued unl 8:00 to 9:00am -None of the wave overtopping across sea wall ader 2004 Tsunami -First wave was the Biggest and caused inundaaon SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference 3-2- Importance of KML Data on raising tsunami awareness These KML hydroacous=c Data provided by the IDC reinforce the regional stas=cal statement on the expectaon of regional seismic sources likely to be generang a small or big tsunami in the area SnT2015 Conference, Civil and Scientific Applications Abstract n°: T1.5-01 SnT2015 Conference The Indian Ocean known as hosang major Sources of tsunami in the region, menaoning the exisang of suBducaon zone along the Indonesian plate, remains a key area to scienafic invesgaon. The 2004 Sumatra-Andaman damaging Tsunami triggered the research path on the area of interest, and (unfortunately) contribute hypotheacally to assess future
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