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Ethiopia COIS Report August 2006

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Ethiopia COIS Report August 2006 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT ETHIOPIA 31 AUGUST 2006 RDS-IND COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE ETHIOPIA AUGUST 2006 Contents PREFACE Latest News EVENTS IN ETHIOPIA, 1 AUGUST 2006 TO 31 AUGUST 2006 REPORTS ON ETHIOPIA PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED SINCE 1 AUGUST 2006 Paragraphs Background Information GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.05 ECONOMY ................................................................................................. 2.01 HISTORY ................................................................................................... 3.01 Dergue Trials ................................................................................ 3.04 Border Conflict with Eritrea 1998-2006....................................... 3.07 National Elections May 2005 ....................................................... 3.17 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ........................................................................... 4.01 April 2006 ...................................................................................... 4.01 May 2006 ....................................................................................... 4.02 June 2006 ...................................................................................... 4.03 July 2006 ....................................................................................... 4.04 CONSTITUTION .......................................................................................... 5.01 POLITICAL SYSTEM.................................................................................... 6.01 Political Overview......................................................................... 6.01 The Executive Branch.................................................................. 6.02 The Legislative Branch ................................................................ 6.04 Ethiopian politics in general........................................................ 6.05 Ethnicity in Ethiopian politics ..................................................... 6.09 Coalitions ...................................................................................... 6.10 The Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front ........ 6.11 The Opposition ............................................................................. 6.14 United Ethiopian Democratic Forces (UEDF) ............................ 6.22 Oromo National Congress (Member of UEDF)........................... 6.31 Southern Ethiopian People’s Democratic Coalition (Member of UEDF) ........ 6.32 All Ethiopian Unity Party (Member of CUD) .............................. 6.43 Ethiopian Democratic Party ........................................................ 6.46 United Ethiopian Democratic Party (Member of CUD) .............. 6.47 The Rainbow Party of Berhanu Nega ......................................... 6.49 Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement (OFDM) .................... 6.50 Council of Alternative Forces for Peace and Democracy in Ethiopia............ 6.51 Hadiya National Democratic Organization (Member of UEDF). 6.52 Rebel Groups/Illegal Opposition Parties.................................... 6.53 Ai-Ittihad Al-Islam (AIAI) ............................................................ 6.53 Oromo Liberation Front.............................................................. 6.54 Ogaden National Liberation Front.............................................. 6.64 Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Party..................................... 6.66 Ethiopian People’s Patriotic Front.............................................. 6.67 ii This Country of Origin Information Report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 31 August 2006. Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents. AUGUST 2006 ETHIOPIA Human Rights INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 7.01 SECURITY SITUATION................................................................................. 8.01 CRIME....................................................................................................... 9.01 SECURITY FORCES .................................................................................... 10.01 Police............................................................................................. 10.02 Arbitrary arrest and detention .................................................... 10.04 Armed forces ................................................................................ 10.05 Torture ....................................................................................... 10.06 Extra-judicial killings .................................................................. 10.17 Avenues of complaint .................................................................. 10.20 MILITARY SERVICE..................................................................................... 11.01 JUDICIARY ................................................................................................ 12.01 Overview ....................................................................................... 12.01 Former Members of the Dergue/Workers Party of Ethiopia ..... 12.05 Organisation ................................................................................. 12.09 Independence ............................................................................... 12.10 Fair trial ......................................................................................... 12.11 Penal code and code of criminal procedure.............................. 12.14 ARREST AND DETENTION – LEGAL RIGHTS.................................................. 13.01 PRISON CONDITIONS.................................................................................. 14.01 DEATH PENALTY........................................................................................ 15.01 POLITICAL AFFILIATION.............................................................................. 16.01 Freedom of political expression ................................................. 16.01 Freedom of association and assembly ...................................... 16.07 Opposition groups and political activists.................................. 16.13 FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND MEDIA .............................................................. 17.01 Overview of the Ethiopian media................................................ 17.01 Newspapers and journals............................................................ 17.03 Television and radio..................................................................... 17.15 The internet................................................................................... 17.18 HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTIONS, ORGANISATIONS AND ACTIVISTS.................. 18.01 Civil society .................................................................................. 18.01 Non-governmental organisations ............................................... 18.02 CORRUPTION ............................................................................................ 19.01 FREEDOM OF RELIGION.............................................................................. 21.01 Overview ....................................................................................... 20.01 Ethiopian orthodox church.......................................................... 20.09 Protestants.................................................................................... 20.14 Islam .............................................................................................. 20.15 Jehovah’s witnesses.................................................................... 20.20 Ethiopian Jews ............................................................................. 20.21 ETHNIC GROUPS........................................................................................ 21.01 Ethnic divisions............................................................................ 21.02 Languages in Ethiopia ................................................................. 21.09 Oromos.......................................................................................... 21.12 Amharas ........................................................................................ 21.19 Sidama/Sidamo............................................................................. 21.23 Somalis.......................................................................................... 21.24 Berta ............................................................................................. 21.27 Afar ................................................................................................ 21.28 Gurage........................................................................................... 21.30 This Country of Origin Information Report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 31 August 2006. iii Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents. ETHIOPIA AUGUST 2006 Anuak ............................................................................................ 21.31 Adare/Gefu (Harar) ....................................................................... 21.34 Beta Israel ....................................................................................
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