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Proquest Dissertations A HISTORY OF ASHFIELD PARISH HURON COUNTY, ONTARIO by Sister Mary Dolorosa Sullivan, C.S.J. Thesis presented to the Faculty of Arts of the University of Ottawa, through the Department of History, as partial requirement for the degree of Master of Arts. '"sty ot ° Ottawa, Canada, 1946 UMI Number: EC55484 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI Microform EC55484 Copyright 2011 by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis was prepared under the direction of Dr. Francis J. McDonald, of the Faculty of Arts, University of Ottawa. Access to valuable material was courteously made possible by: The Reverend Dr. Thomas J. McCarthy, Custodian of the London Diocesan Archives at St. Peter's Seminary, London; Professor Frederick Landon, Vice-president and Librarian at the University of Western Ontario; Mr. Galvin Hamilton Green of wYe Olde Curiosity Shoppe", Goderich; The Staff of the Department of Archives and Public Records of the Province of Ontario, Legislative Library, Toronto; Old Ashfield friends whose memories furnished the vitalizing element. We thank them all for their kind co-operation. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter page INTRODUCTION iv I.- FROM ERIN TO ASHFIELD 1 II.- LAND OF THE MAPLE LEAF CANADA IN 1840 19 III.- THE BLUE AND GOLD OF HURON 34 IV.- JUST A LITTLE BIT OF IRELAND SET IN HURON FAR AWAY 52 V.- ASHFIELD IN THE CHURCH IN CANADA 80 VI.- ASHFIELD AS A PARISH UNIT 97 VII.- ST. JOSEPH'S IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 118 VIII.- THE SPIRIT OF ASHFIELD 140 RETROSPECT AND PROSPECT 158 BIBLIOGRAPHY 165 Appendix 1. IRISH EMIGRANTS 169 2. LETTERS FROM THE ASHFIELD LETTER-BOOK 170 3. CROWN LAND PAPERS OF ASHFIELD TOWN PLOTS ... 172 4. CANADA COMPANY PAPERS 177 5. MISCELLANEOUS EXTRACTS RELATING TO HURON OR ASHFIELD 178 6. OAK LEAVES IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 182 7. NOTES IN BISHOP WALSH'S OWN HANDWRITING .... 183 INTRODUCTION "What jLs the matter with the folks out there?" expostulated the summer-visitor as he entered the sacristy where the parish priest was unvesting after having celebra­ ted Holy Mass that warm Sunday morning, August, 1934. •'Is there something wrong?" returned the pastor calmly. "Definitely yes, Father. Why, they are still in the church. Don't they know that Mass is over?" "And so that's it, is it? Young man, the whole trouble is that my parishioners are Christians. They have just shared in the most sublime Act of religion, and many of them have received their Lord in Holy Communion. They feel that they have time to remain to thank their God and to say a prayer for their dear departed, lying out there in God's Acre." "Oh—sorry—thanks, Father", and Mr. Summer- Visitor hurried to his Packard, casting a last curious glance at the strange people who were now congregating in friendly groups before the stately edifice to discuss the latest in the world of politics, fashion, crops or weather. Ever since, on the Irish section of the Lake Shore, the first frame structure was erected with its sanctuary towards the blue Lake Huron and its door opening INTRODUCTION v on the fertile fields, little groups have gathered here after the Sunday Mass to talk, joke, and argue, sharing one another's joys and sorrows, and oiling, for another week's wear, the wheels of life, with clean and wholesome wit and humour. For nearly one hundred years, the Sunday Mass has been the pivotal point around which the lives of the people of Ashfield Parish revolve. So true is this that the absence of anyone from "church" on Sunday means, almost without exception, serious illness. The spire of St. Joseph's can be seen miles away, its bell can be heard much farther, but the intangible influence of that for which it stands reaches beyond the realm of either sight or sound. The parish church, primarily the centre of religious life, is the centre of social, economic, and political life as well, for if there is a spot in Canada where men of the soil live the Faith they love, that spot is Ashfield Parish, in Huron County, Ontario. Katherine Hale, motoring through Ontario in the summer of 1936, passed by this same church, and in her charming book, This is Ontario, dismissed the entire district with these few lines: Between Goderich and Kincardine we noticed many farm houses with front doors boarded up, though they were by no means deserted. We wondered if their owners had forgotten that summer had come. But the country was lovely, INTRODUCTION vi seen in the half-light of the long warm evening— a rolling land of opulent farms, in which at that moment potato fields in flower were a dominant note *. The owners had not forgotten that summer had eome-~ the owners lived some distance away on one of their other farms or perhaps in a far-off city, having left the care of their fields to those who rented them. Today the same conditions obtain. The fields are not deserted, signs of vibrant life abound, but no one lives in the lovely houses. It was different yesterday, and,please God, it will be different tomorrow, but today Ashfield Parish is but a shadow of what it once was. "The opulent farms" are there, but the children of the old families are in the cities. "If you wish to meet Ashfield, you must go to Detroit", is a statement more than half true. Nevertheless, hopeful portents already appear. Plans are afoot to popularize agriculture in Ontario and to re-direct to rural life men of strong character, keen intelligence, and sound judgment, men who are willing to work, but who will be agents also in fostering coraaunity spirit by promoting recreational, social, and cultural activities. The government no longer treats a delegation on farmers' grievances with the impatience and irritation 1 This is Ontario, p. 58. INTRODUCTION vii too often shown to oountry relatives, but rather with the courtesy and deferenoe due to respectable neighbours. The Hierarohy of Ontario are evincing a keen interest in the situation, realizing what a safeguard to freedom resides in the ownership of property, and what a price­ less heritage of spiritual and cultural values the land holds. A Catholic Rural Life Movement has been in existence for some time which, it is hoped, will become more effective in the Archdiocese of Toronto through the medium of a Rural Life Program established, 1946, in St. Augustine's Seminary, Toronto, and in St. Peter's Seminary, London. Father Lord's Summer School of Catholic Action included in its 1946 program a "Rural Life in Principle" elective, under the direction of Father Anthony J. Adams, S.J.. The aim is the same in all—to face the problems of rural life by educating leaders to the gravity of the situation that through them the difficul­ ties may be solved and more young Catholics may be persuaded to remain on the farm. The Catholic Press also is weekly drawing attention to the national need for a Christian rural population. Rev. J. V. Urbain, warning against the incorporated commercial type of farm where creative activity is at a minimum, and the soil is made a machine of production, says: INTRODUCTION viii If demooraoy, freedom, religion and life itself are to be kept safe and secure, it means that our major battle is to be fought on the home-front by saving the family-owned farms. It is foolish simply to cry about false urban standards and industrial outrages. We must direct our best efforts towards cultivating a type of Christian family that will produce virtuous men and women ... to restore a new vitalitygto Christian home life and home culture tf. But what is more important than a changed attitude in government offioials, a new interest on the part of the Hierarohy or an awakened public press is the fact that the farmers themselves are uniting to improve the condi­ tions of the independent landowner. Their organization, the Canadian Federation of Agriculture, under the presi­ dency of H. H. Hannan, with headquarters in Ottawa, is sworn to a policy non-political but highly co-operative, based on the principles laid down by the Rochdale Pioneers. If farming holds the key to progress, all skeleton keys, hitherto held and used indiscriminately, must be destroyed. The day is just behind the dawn. That the prosperity of Canada is largely depen­ dent on the rural districts of our vast dominion is a fact beyond the realm of discussion. That the rural 2 The Family-Type Farm Since the War, Rural Life Column in The Canadian Kegister or Kingston, Fifth Year, Bo. 27, p. 7, col. 5. INTRODUCTION ix districts have had a large share in shaping Canada's destiny thus far is also a truth fully recognized. Consequently, until the local history of these smaller units has been minutely studied, and the humble folk, whose works and words are an index to the culture of the period, have been disinterred from the obscurity of the past, we cannot hope to understand the history of our country, to appreciate fully our great heritage or to feel that kinship with our ancestors on which true national love is based.
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