DOCSLIB.ORG

Beneficial Genotype of Swine FUT1 Gene Governing Resistance to E. Coli F18 Is Associated with Important Economic Traits

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Beneficial Genotype of Swine FUT1 Gene Governing Resistance to E. Coli F18 Is Associated with Important Economic Traits c Indian Academy of Sciences RESEARCH NOTE Beneficial genotype of swine FUT1 gene governing resistance to E. coli F18 is associated with important economic traits WEN-BIN BAO1,4, LAN YE1, ZHANG-YUAN PAN1,JINZHU1, GUO-QIANG ZHU2,4, XUE-GEN HUANG3,4 and SHENG-LONG WU1,4∗ 1Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, and 2College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, People’s Republic of China 3Suzhou Taihu Pig Breeding Centre, Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, People’s Republic of China 4Jiangsu Engineering Research Centre for Molecular Breeding of Pig, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213149, People’s Republic of China [Bao W.-B., Ye L., Pan Z.-Y., Zhu J., Zhu G.-Q., Huang X.-G. and Wu S.-L. 2011 Beneficial genotype of swine FUT1 gene governing resistance to E. coli F18 is associated with important economic traits. J. Genet. 90, 315–318] Introduction breeds (Shi et al. 2003;Yanet al. 2004;Wuet al. 2006;Bao et al. 2008). The above results suggested that it is not fea- Porcine post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) and porcine edema sible to select AA resistant genotype in FUT1 directly from disease (ED) are bacterial diseases caused by enterotoxigenic Chinese native pig breeds. In addition, we should target the Escherichia coli F18 (ETEC F18). These diseases cause breeding of ETEC F18 resistant breeds in imported breeds economic loss to the swine industry. The pathogenicity of only. ECF18 bacteria depends on the existence of ECF18 receptor Sutai pig is the hybridization product of Duroc and Taihu in the brush border membranes of the small intestinal mucosa pigs after 15 years of practices. In 1999, it was approved by in piglets (Nagy and Fekete 1999). Using the candidate gene National Committee of Livestock and Poultry Species as a approach and linkage analysis, Vogeli et al. (1997) demon- α new breed. Using a small number of AG type (9.2%) indi- strated that (1, 2)-fucosyltransferase gene (FUT1) in chro- viduals in FUT1 gene detected from Sutai pigs, our group mosome 6qll is the candidate gene controlling the adhesion conducted proper selection and assortative mating. While to F18 receptor. Research by Meijerink et al. (1997) showed we were working on the selective breeding for resistance to the existence of a G/A mutation at nucleotide 307 of FUT1 ETEC F18 in Sutai pig, we paid careful attention not only open reading frame (ORF); and that pigs with genotype AA to the resistant varieties of ETEC F18 but also to the stabil- are resistant to ETEC F18 and pigs with genotype GG or the ity and improvement of some important economic traits and heterozygote AG are sensitive to ETEC F18. Breeding for general disease resistance ability. The effects on these addi- disease resistance could be implemented by marker-assisted tional traits directly determine the feasibility of further breed- selection using FUT1 gene as the ETEC F18R candidate ing for diseases resistance. Based on the polymorphic detec- gene (Meijerink et al. 1997). In another study, we adopted in tion of FUT1 gene in the breeding base population of Sutai vivo adherent experiment of pig intestinal epithelial cells and pigs resistant to ETEC F18, we analysed the relationship of F18 E. coli and showed that the intestinal epithelial cells of these genotypes to the growth and development, and repro- piglets with GG and AG genotypes in FUT1 gene can adhere ductive ability. Therefore, we could further study the genetic to the wild E. coli and can also adhere to the recombined effect of FUT1 gene. This is necessary for designing the new E. coli which is expressing F18 pilus and F18 subunit F resistance varieties system of Sutai pigs in future. in vitro (Wu et al. 2006). While studying the polymorphism at nucleotide 307 of FUT1 ORF in Chinese native pig breeds and imported breeds, some Chinese researchers found that the AA resistant Materials and methods genotype polymorphism at M307 was detected in imported Experimental materials breeds, the AA genotype was not found in any Chinese native Small amount of AG type (9.2%) individuals in FUT1 gene ∗ For correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]. detected from Sutai pigs were used for proper selection Keywords. pig; FUT1 gene; growth and development; reproductive performance. Journal of Genetics, Vol. 90, No. 2, August 2011 315 Wen-Bin Bao et al. and assortative mating to establish an ETEC F18 resistant B-ultrasound scanner: scapuloposterior position around the resource population of 576 Sutai pigs. About 1.0 g of ear 4th or 5th rib, last rib, and lumbosacral junction at 4 cm tissue was collected from every individual and placed into to the dorsal line) of 60-kg pigs (gilt pigs) were measured. a 1.5 mL Eppendoff tube in ice boxes before taking to the After reaching reproductive ability stable for the 3rd and lab. A routine phenol–chloroform method was used to extract 4th parity, the total number born (TNB), number born alive DNA from each sample. (NBA), body weight of litter (BWL), number of alive wean- ing litter (NW) and weaning weight of litter (WWL) were PCR-RFLP analysis measured. Using the general linear model (GLM) in SPSS ver- Primers: 5 -CCA ACG CCT CCG ATT CCT GT-3 and sion 11.5 software (SPSS, Chicago, USA), several charac- 5 -GTG CAT GGC AGG CTG GAT GA-3 were designed teristic values and relationship between different genotypes according to FUT1 gene sequence in GenBank (accession after endonuclease digestion were predicted by least square no. L50534). Exactly 25 μL of PCR product included 100 ng procedure. of template DNA, 5 pmol of each primer, 10× PCR Buffer, 2 mM dNTP mixture and 1 U of Taq DNA polymerase (TakaRa, Dalian, China) was used. PCR conditions carried out by thermal cycle, were 95◦C for 5 min, and then 94◦Cfor 40 s, 60◦C for 40 s, 72◦C for 45 s, 30 cycles and an exten- sion at 72◦C for 10 min. PCR products were checked in 1% Results and discussion agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide. PCR product, PCR-RFLP analysis for FUT1 gene 10 μL each, was digested overnight at 37◦Cby2UofHin6I (Sangon, Shanghai, China) restriction enzyme. The digested PCR products were detected with 1% agarose electrophore- fragments were electrophoresed in 10% polyacrylamide gels sis. A clear specific DNA band was shown at position 161 bp in 1× TBE at a constant voltage of 120 V, stained by silver which agreed with the predicted amplified fragment size and visualized under ultraviolet light using transilluminator. There is a restriction recognition site for Hin6I at position M307 in FUT1 gene that can be completely digested by Hin6I to produce GG phenotype (117/44 bp). If this posi- Performance measurement and statistic analysis tion has a G→A mutation, Hin6I enzyme would not be Individual body weight of breeding base population of Sutai able to digest the fragment resulting in AA type (161 bp). pigs was measured for newborn litter and 35-day-weaning When both alleles are existed together they produced AG litter. The body length, height, back width and back fat thick- type (161/117/44 bp). The restriction map is shown in ness (three points averages were detected for live body by figure 1. Figure 1. The genotyping results of FUTI gene by PCR-RFLP. Lanes 2, 4 were GG genotype; lanes 6, 7, 8 were AA genotype; lanes 1, 3 and 5 were AG genotype. M was pUC19 DNA/Msp I marker (Sangon, Shanghai, China). 316 Journal of Genetics, Vol. 90, No. 2, August 2011 Growth correlates of porcine FUT1 Polymorphism of FUT1 gene in Sutai pigs table 1. The average growth and development of AA type was better than those of AG and GG types. The weaning weight Among the 576 samples, the number of AA, AG and GG of litter at 35th day of AA and AG types were significantly genotypes in FUT1 gene were 135, 351 and 90, respectively. higher than that of GG type (P < 0.05). The body length Their corresponding genotype frequencies were 0.235, 0.609 of AA type was significantly higher than that of AG and GG and 0.156. The gene frequency for disease resistant gene A types (P < 0.05), with no significant difference between AG was 0.540, while the frequency for sensitive gene G was and GG types (P > 0.05). The body height and back width of 0.460. Before the selective breeding, no AA genotype was AA type were both significantly higher than those of AG type detected in Sutai pigs. The frequencies for AG and GG geno- (P < 0.05), with no significant difference from those of GG types were 0.092 and 0.908, respectively. The gene fre- type (P > 0.05). In terms of back fat thickness, AA type was quency for disease resistant gene A was 0.046, while the lower than AG and GG types with no significant difference frequency for sensitive gene G was 0.954 (Bao et al. 2008). among genotypes. This suggests that the artificial selection (selectively main- Jiang et al. (2005) proposed that AA genotype is a benefi- taining AG and AA types) substantially affected the FUT1 cial genotype for meat quality and carcass traits. Increasing gene distribution in the breeding base population of Sutai the frequency of the A allele not only enhances the groups’ pigs resistant to ETEC F18. anti-disease ability, but also improves the meat quality and carcass traits. He et al. (2006) found the fat content of pig with AA type in FUT1 gene was lower than that of AG and Relationship between FUT1 gene polymorphism, early growth GG types, with larger amount of total meat than AG and and development GG types and better meat quality than GG type.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The World Bank for OFFICIAL USE ONLY
    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: 49565-CN PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A Public Disclosure Authorized PROPOSED GRANT FROM THE GLOBAL ENVIR0NMEN.T FACILITY TRUST FUND IN THE AMOUNT OF US$4.788 MILLION TO THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR A Public Disclosure Authorized SHANGHAI AGRICULTURAL AND NON-POINT POLLUTION REDUCTION PROJECT May 18,2010 China and Mongolia Sustainable Development Unit Sustainable Development Department East Asia and Pacific Region This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the Public Disclosure Authorized performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective September 29, 2009) Currency Unit = Renminbi Yuan (RMB) RMB6.830 = US$1 US$0.146 = RMB 1 FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS APL Adaptable Program Loan AMP Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan BOD Biological Oxygen Demand CAS Country Assistance Strategy CDM Clean Development Mechanism CEA Consolidated Project- Wide Environmental Assessment CEMP Consolidated Project- Wide Environmental Management Plan CNAO China National Audit Office COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CSTR Completely Stirred Tank Reactor DA Designated Account EA Environmental Assessment ECNU East China Normal University EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMP Environmental Management Plan ER Emission Reduction FA0 Food and Agricultural Organization FM Financial Management FMM
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China
    Country Report for the Preparation of the First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China June 2003 Beijing CONTENTS Executive Summary Biological diversity is the basis for the existence and development of human society and has aroused the increasing great attention of international society. In June 1992, more than 150 countries including China had jointly signed the "Pact of Biological Diversity". Domestic animal genetic resources are an important component of biological diversity, precious resources formed through long-term evolution, and also the closest and most direct part of relation with human beings. Therefore, in order to realize a sustainable, stable and high-efficient animal production, it is of great significance to meet even higher demand for animal and poultry product varieties and quality by human society, strengthen conservation, and effective, rational and sustainable utilization of animal and poultry genetic resources. The "Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "World Status of Animal Genetic Resource " compiled by the FAO. The Ministry of Agriculture" (MOA) has attached great importance to the compilation of the Report, organized nearly 20 experts from administrative, technical extension, research institutes and universities to participate in the compilation team. In 1999, the first meeting of the compilation staff members had been held in the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, discussed on the compilation outline and division of labor in the Report compilation, and smoothly fulfilled the tasks to each of the compilers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Outlaws of the Marsh
    The Outlaws of the Marsh Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong The Outlaws of the Marsh Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong • Chapter 1 Zhang the Divine Teacher Prays to Dispel a Plague Marshal Hong Releases Demons by Mistake • Chapter 2 Arms Instructor Wang Goes Secretly to Yanan Prefecture Nine Dragons Shi Jin Wreaks Havoc in Shi Family Village • Chapter 3 Master Shi Leaves Huayin County at Night Major Lu Pummels the Lord of the West • Chapter 4 Sagacious Lu Puts Mount Wutai in an Uproar Squire Zhao Repairs Wenshu Monastery • Chapter 5 Drunk, the Little King Raises the Gold−Spangled Bed Curtains Lu the Tattooed Monk Throws Peach Blossom Village into Confusion • Chapter 6 Nine Dragons Shi Jin Robs in Red Pine Forest Sagacious Lu Burns Down Waguan Monastery • Chapter 7 The Tattooed Monk Uproots a Willow Tree Lin Chong Enters White Tiger Inner Sanctum by Mistake • Chapter 8 Arms Instructor Lin Is Tattooed and Exiled to Cangzhou Sagacious Lu Makes a Shambles of Wild Boar Forest • Chapter 9 Chai Jin Keeps Open House for All Bold Men Lin Chong Defeats Instructor Hong in a Bout with Staves • Chapter 10 Lin Chong Shelters from the Snowstorm in the Mountain Spirit Temple Captain Lu Qian Sets Fire to the Fodder Depot • Chapter 11 Zhu Gui Shoots a Signal Arrow from the Lakeside Pavilion Lin Chong Climbs Mount Liangshan in the Snowy Night • Chapter 12 Lin Chong Joins the Bandits in Liangshan Marsh Yang Zhi Sells His Sword in the Eastern Capital • Chapter 13 The Blue−Faced Beast Battles in the Northern Capital Urgent Vanguard Vies for Honors on the Training Field
    [Show full text]
  • The 10Th NIAS International Workshop on Genetic Resources: Genetic
    The 10* NIAS INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON GENETIC RESOURCES Present Status and Genetic Variability of Animal Genetic Resources in Asian Region Independent Administrative Agency National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS) December ll-12, 2002 Sponsored by National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences In corporation with National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS) and The Society for Researches on Native Livestock Present Status and Genetic Variability of Animal Genetic Resources in Asian Region Proceedings of the 10th NIAS Ineternational Workshop on Genetic Resources December ll-12, 2002 Tsukuba, Japan Printed in Japan by Sato Printing Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan Pubulished by National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan ISBN 4-931511-10-4 March 2004 Contents Page Welcome Address OBATA, Taro 1 Keynote Address Present Status of Asian Animal Genetic Resource and the Role of the First Report on the State of World's Animal Genetic Resources WAGNER,Hans-Gerhard 3 1 . Present Situation of Animal Genetic Resources in Each Asian Coun try Present Situation of Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China ZHANG, Guixiang, Zhigang WANGand Feizhou SUN 13 Present Situation of Animal Genetic Resources in India TANEJA, Vijay Kumar 21 Present Situation of Animal Genetic Resources in Vietnam THUY, Le Th1 and Nguyen Dang VHANG 33 Present Situation of Animal Genetic Resources in Japan MINEZAWA, Mitsuru 43 2. Status of Genetic Diversity in Each Asian Livestock from Genetic Survey in Asian Countries Genetic Diversity of Native Cattle in Asia TANAKA, Kazuaki and Takao NAMIKAWA 53 Genetic Diversity of Asian Water Buffalo FARUQUE, Md. Omar, Koh NOMURA, Yukimizu TAKAHASHI and Takashi AMANO 61 Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Domesticated Native Pigs in Asia, Focusing on the Short-eared Pig KUROSAWA,Yaetsu and Kazue TANAKA 81 Mitochondrial DNA Diversity in Asian Goats MANNEN, Hideyuki 87 The Genetic Diversity of Chicken OKAMOTO, Shin 93 3.
    [Show full text]
  • CBD Strategy and Action Plan
    Chapter 4 ACTIONS TO ENSURE IMPLEMENTATIONOF SPECIFIC CONSERVATIONMEASURES Legislation and Policy part of the projects themselves or separately. Ac- cording to the Environment Protection Law, it is Assess Adequacy of Conservation Policy- the responsibility of the implementing agency to Making and Propose New or Revised Policies carry out the environmental assessments, and the In terms of the use of the country's natural re- responsibility of NEPA to monitor the process and sources, the Chinese Government has adopted the its follow up. general principle of "overall planning, active pro- Enforce the policy of providing greater empha- tection, scientific management and sustainable uti- sis on conservation and emphasis on utilization lization." In its environmental protection and natu- when consistent with conservation. After the se- ral resources conservation, this general principle verity of the destruction of China's biological m- has been followed, in combination with a series of sources was recognized in the 1980s, China formu- policies that address the current conditions and lated the policy of "enhancement of resource development level in the country. The following conservation, active domestication and production, are the main policies that are applicable to the and rational utilization." This policy emphasizing implementation of the Biodiversity Conservation conservation first should now be more strictly put- Action Plan of China. sued by the various relevant agencies. Emphasize the policy of "prevention comes Enforce the policy that "those who develop are first" in environmental protection. Environmen- responsible for protecting, those who utilize arc tal considerations should be taken into account prior responsible for restoration, and those who de- to planning and initiating any significant actions stray are responsible for compensating." Be- undertaken, whether by government or by other cause of the impacts of development and industri- parties.
    [Show full text]
  • Animal Agriculture in China: a Report of the Visit of the CSCPRC Animal Sciences Delegation
    This PDF is available from The National Academies Press at http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=19802 Animal Agriculture in China: A Report of the Visit of the CSCPRC Animal Sciences Delegation (1980) Pages Jacob A. Hoefer and Patricia Jones Tsuchitani, Editors; 211 CSCPRC Animal Sciences Delegation; Committee on Size Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of 7 x 9 China; Commission on International Relations; National Research Council ISBN 0309030927 Find Similar Titles More Information Visit the National Academies Press online and register for... Instant access to free PDF downloads of titles from the NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES NATIONAL ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 10% off print titles Custom notification of new releases in your field of interest Special offers and discounts FROM THE ARCHIVES Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. To request permission to reprint or otherwise distribute portions of this publication contact our Customer Service Department at 800-624-6242. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Animal Agriculture in China: A Report of the Visit of the CSCPRC Animal Sciences Delegation http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=19802 ~ ~( S CSCPRC REPORT NO. ~1 ,{\ I Animal Agriculture In ChinaJ CJD~ Report of the Visit of the CSCPRC Animal Sciences Delegation Edited by Jacob A. Hoefer and Patricia Jones ~chitani (\'' 0-.A f ~? Submitted to the Pommittee on Scholarly Communication with the People's Republic of China NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Everything About Shanghai
    2007 SHANGHAI BASIC FACTS Compiled by: Shanghai Municipal Information Office Shanghai Municipal Statistics Bureau Published by: China Intercontinental Press C ontents 1-History of Shanghai 5-Geographic Location and Natural Conditions 11-Population and Employment 17-Comprehensive Economic Strength 23-Economic Structure 27-Rural Economy 31-Modern Industry 35-The Tertiary Industry 45-Modern Information Industry The City Emblem 51-Urban Construction The City Flower 65-Opening to the Outside World Editorial Board 71-Pudong Development Editorial Staff 79-Urban Life 85-Science and Education 91-Social Undertakings 107-Scenes and Tourist Sites 123-Future Objectives 129-Main Websites in Shanghai The City Emblem Design of the city emblem of Shanghai was approved by the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress in 1990. The triangle emblem consists of graphics of a white magnolia flower, a large junk and a propeller. The propeller symbolizes the continuous advancement of the city; the large junk, one of the oldest vessels plying the Shanghai harbor, represents the long history of the port; and the large junk is set against a background of a white magnolia flower blossoming in the early spring, forecasting a bright future of the city. Back to >> C ontents The City Flower In 1986, the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress passed a resolution to adopt the white magnolia as the city flower. White magnolia is among the few spring heralding flowers in the Shanghai area. It is in full blossom in the early spring and before the Clear and Bright Festival, which usually falls on April 5 every year.
    [Show full text]
  • Feature Article
    FEATURE ARTICLE Surf and Turf Environmental and Food Safety Concerns of China’s Aquaculture and Animal Husbandry By Linden J. Ellis and Jennifer L. Turner In the summer of 2005, China’s largest pork-producing province, Sichuan, experienced an unprecedented human outbreak of the pig pathogen Streptococcus suis. The 215 cases totaled more than all of previous human cases worldwide (Greger, 2007). A year later, The Economist reported how hundreds were sickened in Shanghai from eating pork doctored with fat-reducing chemicals or injected with water to raise the weight of the carcass (“An Old Worry,” 2007). In the summer of 2007, the Jiangsu government banned hairy crab farming in and around Yangcheng Lake, for excessive nutrient production from the farms had created algae blooms that were threatening Suzhou’s drinking water (Yan, 2007). In the village of Cang Dong, Hainan, the stench of a pig farm of 10,000 ani- mals prompted protests when it was built only two miles from the village (Greenhouse, 2006). These stories all touch on health and environmental problems stemming from raising animals in high-density conditions. The emergence of livestock factory farms, known as concentrated animal feeding operations1 (CAFOs), and intensive aquaculture production are integral parts of China’s livestock revolution that began in the late 1970s to meet the demands of the country’s growing population. China’s poorly regulated “protein factories” pose considerable environmental and human health dangers from the relative ease of pathogenic and bacterial contamination between animals raised and slaughtered in dense quarters, the fragmentation and lack of transparency of the market, and the waste they generate.
    [Show full text]
  • TLR4 Gene Expression in Pig Populations and Its Association with Resistance Toescherichia Coli
    TLR4 gene expression in pig populations and its association with resistance to Escherichia coli F18 J. Wang1, Z.Y. Pan1, X.R. Zheng1, Z.C. Wu1, X.M. Su1, G.Q. Zhu2, X.G. Huang3, S.L. Wu1 and W.B. Bao1 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China 2College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China 3Suzhou Taihu Pig Breeding Center, Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, China Corresponding authors: W.B. Bao / S.L. Wu E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 12 (3): 2625-2632 (2013) Received August 7, 2012 Accepted March 15, 2013 Published July 30, 2013 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2013.July.30.1 ABSTRACT. TLR4 is the main recognition receptor of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, which play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity. We used real-time PCR to analyze the tissue expression profile and differential expression of TLR4 in 4 pig populations (Escherichia coli F18-resistant Sutai, E. coli F18-sensitive Sutai, Large White, Meishan), in order to determine the role that the TLR4 gene plays in resistance to E. coli F18. We found that TLR4 expressed consistently in the 4 populations, with relatively high levels in immune tissues and the highest level in the lung. Generally, the expression of TLR4 in E. coli F18-sensitive individuals was the highest, followed by that in E. coli F18-resistant, Large White and Meishan. In the spleen, lung, kidney, lymph nodes, and thymus gland, TLR4 expression is significantly higher in the E.
    [Show full text]
  • China Environment Series 9 ISSUE 9, 2007 China Environm E Nt S Ri Es 9 2007
    China EnvironmEnt SEries 9 iSSUE 9, 2007 CHINA ENVIRONM CHINA ENVIRONMENT FORUM E The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars NT S One Woodrow Wilson Plaza • 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW E Washington, DC 20004-3027 RI Tel: 202-691-4233 • Fax: 202-691-4001 ES E-mail: [email protected] 9 2007 China Responds to Environmental Health Challenges Surf and Turf: Threats from Aquaculture and Animal Husbandry Guangdong: Protecting Ecological and Human Health? Clean Water, Clean Coal: Reports From the China Environmental Health Project FSC logo Plus: Notes From the Field, Spotlight on NGOs ISBN: 1-933549-29-7 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, established by Congress in 1968 and head- quartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and in- formed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of EDITOR COVER PHOTO the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, A fisherman examines his net for fish after casting it in the polluted waters Jennifer L. Turner advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center.
    [Show full text]
  • Genome-Wide Association and Evolutionary Analyses Reveal the Formation of Swine Facial Wrinkles in Chinese Erhualian Pigs
    www.aging-us.com AGING 2019, Vol. 11, No. 13 Research Paper Genome-wide association and evolutionary analyses reveal the formation of swine facial wrinkles in Chinese Erhualian pigs Tao Huang1, Mingpeng Zhang1, Guorong Yan1, Xiaochang Huang1, Hao Chen1, Liyu Zhou1, Wenjiang Deng1, Zhen Zhang1, Hengqing Qiu1, Huashui Ai1, Lusheng Huang1 1State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P.R. China Correspondence to: Lusheng Huang, Huashui Ai; email: [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: pig, facial wrinkles, GWAS, evolutionary analyses, artificial selection Received: February 27, 2019 Accepted: July 1, 2019 Published: July 15, 2019 Copyright: Huang et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. ABSTRACT Wrinkles are uneven concave-convex folds, ridges or creases in skin. Facial wrinkles appear in head, typically increasing along with aging. However in several Chinese indigenous pigs, such as Erhualian pigs, rich facial wrinkles have been generated during the growth stages as one of their breed characteristics. To investigate the genetic basis underlying the development of swine facial wrinkles, we estimated the folding extent of facial wrinkles in a herd of Erhualian pigs (n=332), and then conducted genome-wide association studies and multi- trait meta-analysis for facial wrinkles using 60K porcine chips. We found that facial wrinkles had high heritability estimates of ~0.7 in Erhualian pigs. Notably, only one genome-wide significant QTL was detected at 34.8 Mb on porcine chromosome 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Expression Level of FUT1 Gene in Different Pig Populations and Its Relationship with ETEC F18 Resistance
    www.symbiosisonline.org Symbiosis www.symbiosisonlinepublishing.com Research Article SOJ Veterinary Sciences Open Access Expression Level of FUT1 Gene in Different Pig Populations and its Relationship with ETEC F18 Resistance Liu Y1, Xia RW1, Yin XM1, Huo YJ1, Zhu GQ2, Wu SL1, Bao WB1* 1Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Jiangsu, 225009 China 2College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Jiangsu, 225009 China Received: June 11, 2015; Accepted: August 21, 2015; Published: September 16, 2015 *Corresponding author: Wen Bin Bao, Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou Jiangsu, 225009 China, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Escherichia coli α(1,2)-fucosyltransferase exhibiting α(1,2)-fucosylation of glycolipid and glycoprotein acceptors has been purified from F18-fimbriated are associated with porcine post submaxillary gland mucin [4]. Thurin and Blaszczyk-ThurinFUT1 weaning diarrhea and edema disease. Some pigs show inherent M [5] identified this enzyme as the homologue of the human resistance to F18 ETEC infection and this is associated with a G/A FUT1 Secretor enzyme. Recent studies indicated that gene was mutation at position M307 of the alpha (1,2)- fucosyltransferase E. coli important in the synthesis of the structure that was beneficial ( ) gene. PigsFUT1 with genotype AA are resistant to ETEC F18 and to the adhesion between F18 fimbriated bacteria and the pigs with genotypeE. coli GG or AG are susceptible to ETEC F18 infection. So the M307 of gene has been proposed as a genetic marker to small intestinal wall [6].
    [Show full text]