A Biographical Study of Leonard John Nuttall, Private Secretary to Presidents John Taylor and Wilford Woodruff

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Theses and Dissertations

1962

A Biographical Study of Leonard John Nuttall, Private Secretary to Presidents John Taylor and Wilford Woodruff

Clarence G. Jensen Brigham Young University - Provo

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BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Jensen, Clarence G., "A Biographical Study of Leonard John Nuttall, Private Secretary to Presidents John Taylor and Wilford Woodruff" (1962). Theses and Dissertations. 4822. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4822

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A biographical STUDY OF LEONARD ijohnJOHNdjohn FUTTALLNUTTALL PRIVATE SECRETARY TO presidents JOHN

TAYLOR AND WILFORD WOODRUFF

A thesis presented to the department of history brigham young university

in partial fulffulfillmentbulf illmentwillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science

by clarence G jensen july 1962 acknowledgments

appreciation is espreexpreexpressedssedased to the following individ- uals for their assistance in this study

to dr 9 eugene campbell dr richard D poll and dr Ggo byron done for their encouragement and helpful sug- gestionsgest ions in writingwritings to woW reed NuttalhuttallnuttallnuttallphubHut talltalilp annie baker nuttall floyd giles and other members of the nutballnut ballfamily for their assistance and informationinformationo to the staff of the brigham young university library church historians office utah state archivesArchi vespvesy and state department of education

lillittil TABLE OPOF CONTENTS page

0 LIST OF illustrations chapter I1 introduction dedefinition of terms fibitionsosourcesurees family background II11411 MILITARYMILITARY CIVICsCIVIC AND CHURCH activities TO 187518 utahutahwdwarr plorihgekexploring uintah valley thetho black hawhawkkkwanwarwan tivcivicic and church service his mission call litIII111 CHURCH MMAND CIVIC LEADER AT KANAB 30 BAbackground6 kground of canabkanab secondso66nd bishop of canabkanab dedicationde elcdicdie atlon of the st georgeG eorge temple kancanabkanabeanab stake organized call to work on church trustee in trust accounts

IV SECRETARY TO PRESIDENT JOHN TAYLOR C 50 A judicial trusacrusacrusadedb in utah aisiga6sigassignmentnment as secretary to esidentresidentpresidentpr john taylor coucounciladilndil of fifty retinretirementement of the church leaders death of president taylor V PRIVATE SECRMARYSECRETARY TO WILFORD WOODRUFF 70 beginningbe ginning his work first trip to washington DCdocdoo dutiesdutibs as secretary to president wilford woodruff iv chapter page estateRs tate of president john taylor the woodruff manifesto secondseconstripdtriptrip to washington DC dedication of the salt lake temple VI territorial superintendent OF DISTRICT SCHOOLS 88 mormormonmobmon educationeduc ation in1 n utah wotorkworkrk asa s superintendentsupertendentintendentintendantin of district schools growth of gentile control over education VII SCATTERED FAMILY linlipeLIFE 100 ellzabethelizabetheilzabethzabeth clarkson nuttall kisophia taylor nuttall viliVIII LAND AGENT FOR THE CIburch1urchCHURCH 10710 Esescheatmentcheatcheatmencheatmanmen t proceedings l&hdagenland abentagentt I1 relief soclesociesocietyttyy feorgreorgreorganizationanizationanizaanimationtion wawardrd andaadrendrerelieflielleilef society lacolhcoincorporationrporationsporationrporation aid to the Deseredesdeserefcer6teratfc sundalsunday school union church school system ix0IX DEATH AND FUNERAL 117 salt lake services provo funeral APPENDIXAPPBNDIX A WILLIAM AND MARY LANGHORN NUTTALL 120

APPENDIX B THE HISTORY OPOF L JOHN NUTTALL 124 v

APPENDIX CG PARENTS AND FAMILIES OF LEONARD JOHN NUTTALL c 128 vv APPENDIX doD revelation TO PRESIDENT wilforallfordWILFORDid WOODRUFF NOVEMBER 0 0 29241 1881889 f 0 0 0 133 bibliography 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 136

v LIST OPOF ILLUSTRATillustrationslonsIONS figure page

1 leonard john nuttallnuttaiinuttailnutHuttalltailtaii 1888 viivilv1va i

202 offofficers1cac e rs of the sevier county expedition commanded by LLO john etallhutetallHutnu talltailtaii august 1866 19 3 nuttall home in provo utah july 4 1902 102

vlvi 4 ia v 11717 i414waw

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fibfig 1 leonardleonand john nuttall 1888 CHAPTER I1

introduction

this biographical study of leonard john nuttallnuttailnuttaii emphasizes his contributions to the society in which he lived he is best known for his association with the first presidency of the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints through his position as private secretary to the first presidency and legal advisor to the relief society a womens organization in the same church he worked closely with the church leaders for over twentyfivetwenty five years he also held important positions of leadership in territorial education and military affairs this study begins when mrsmr nuttallnuttailnuttaii immigrated to america in 1621821852 from england and ends with his death in 190igo19050 soon after arriving in this country he contributed to the defense of utah in the utah and black hawk warswarse he later played a prominent role in the civic and ecclesiastical history of kanabkanabakanabo utah as stake president then moving to salt lake city he served as private secretary to president john taylor and wilford woodruff during a period of great difficulty for the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints during this same period from 1871877 to 1892 helielleile was active in civic affairs while holding the offices of chief clerk of the utah legislature and territorial superintendent of district 1 2 schools fromprom 1892 until his death he worked as a legal advisor for the relief society an aid to the deseret sunday school union and a member of the church board of education

definition of terms church refers to the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints elder is a title given to ordained members of the melchlzedekmelchizedek or higher priesthood of the hurchchurch3 saint is a member of the church with no designation to worthiness president refers to a person or one of three persons in charge of various phases of church activity such as stake president or one of the first presidency of the church quorum lsisi s a unit in the priesthood such as a high priest quorum or the quorum of the first presidency ward refers to a congregation of church members stakeisstake Is an organization of several congregations of church members

sources

the mostmoat valuable source of materials has been mriamrimr nuttailnuttaiinuttalsNuttallnuttalltsNuttalsaists journals and papers in possessionpossess ionlon of brigham young university A careful study has been made of all thesethose writings except for a small diary of one month in 18571879lq79 his journals begin in 187518 and continue with some omissionomissionsst 3 to 1904 1 four typed volumes of his journals plus the original twentysixtwenty six handwritten diaries are in possession of the brigham young university at proveprovo utah being occupied as a secretary on many occasions mr nuttallnuttailnuttaii was aware of the need for accuracy and his journals and letters are precise in recording details because his interest wawass on family and church activities however there are few entries containing information on civic matters which are not directly connected with the churchcharchochurcho three outline histories written by his family have been valuable for the first part of his life the first two on the life of lo10L john nuttallnuttailnuttaii and his first wife izabethelizabethellzabetheilzabethBl clarkson nuttall were written by his daughter clara Cco N11 giles A third account was compiled and written by W reed nuttall in conjunction with three of mr nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttallts ts grandchil- dren who knew him personally annie N bakerbakar ethel N moore 2 and christine ntN t Madsenmadsen2 other sources which have been helffhelpfhelpfulu1ua are the lt journal history of the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints at the church historianhistorianshistoriants ts office in salt lake cityolty nuttallnuttailnuttaii

ioneone pencilpenolipenpepclioil diary recording an deditionpeditionexpedition6xaxpedi tion to echo canyon during tthehe tahutahLT war and other miscellaneous undated entries is availavailablavailableavailablyablahiahle before his dallydailydaliy journal commences 0O after 1875187 the following portions are missing parts of1881of 1881 188188.1882 and 1883 and the period between 1885188 and 18871887.188 1893 and 189918990 and 1901 and 1903190361903.6

2seeaseesee appendices a0aaA B and coC 4 family genealogical records in possession of W reed nuttall and floyd giles in proveprovo proveprovo city records and the state board of education and state archives in salt lake cityoltyfityogityo many articles in the deseret news have also provided valuable primary sources in addition to the above sources personal inter- views with people who knew mr nuttall have given the writer several intimate details about his personalpersona 1 life 0

family bacharbachgrbackgroundaundound

leonard john nuttall was the son of william nuttall 9.9 a prominent ship builder whose trade led IlamhimAMIAM several places along the coasts of england 0 williamwilliamt s parents richard and elizabeth thompson nuttall were living in skertonshertonSkerton a uburbuburnsuburbs of Llancasterancaster when he was born on july 19 1791796 in his early life william lived at carlyle westmoreland and later established his family at liverpool where they remained until immigratingimmigratingto to america his wife mary langhorn born december 23 1798 in skap stministerwestministerWestwe stminister england was the m daughter of john and eleanor taylor langhorn william and mary were rriedariedmarriedma on july 8 1822 lo10L john nuttall was born in liverpool on july 6 1834183 he attended the ststc brides school in the same city until the age of thirteen and onehalfone half years when he was apprenticed asa s a boat builder five years later elder john taylor then an apostle in the mormon church came to 5 liverpool during his issionassionmissionm to francefranco from may 1801850 to march l82o185218201822 an acquaintance established at this time between L john and brother taylor whose mother was a sister to eleanor taylor grandmother of lo10 john developed into a lifelong brotherhood which ended ononlyly with the death of elder taylor in 1887 at Kayskaysvlllekaysvillewaysvilleville utah while he was president of the mormon church with the prospectprospectspeet of producing sugar in utah john taylor had studied the sugar beet industry in france and secured macmachineryhinerychinery for a processing plant to be estabiestablishedshed

j among the saints on his visit to england in icoyiqoy1 50 he tautaughtahtght the gospel to his relativesWillia williamsmts filyfamily who were cousins to elder taylor responded favorably as william Eeo his son joined the church in september that same year at liverpoolliverpools on october 6 ibo1801850 the remainderremainadertder of his family embraced the gospel as he and his wife and two remaining sons L john and joseph were also baptizedbaptibaptizedozedo being faithful to the call to gather to zion 11 wiwilliamlliam was ready to sail for america in l8j21852 with his family aboard the ststeamereamer rockaway with approximateapproximately17 twentyfivetwenty five other saintssaintlosaintso on board ship was also some eamexmex- pensive equipment for the sugar industry in utah which belonged to the newly organized deseret manufacturing companiotompcompanyCompcompanyoanyo after sailing from liverpool on march 6 1821852 the steamer docked at hownewnow orleans in april from this city the nuttall family followed the route of the sugar machinery as ititwasetwaswas 6 shipped up the mississippi river to st louis and transferred to small boats for its journey to ft Leavenwortleavenwortheh on the missouri river3riverrivera according to thomas delamare the machinery was lefleftt in the care of ellaseliaseilas morris and the nuttall 114 brothers this was hilehiiewhilew it was brought across the plains the pioneer company experienced great difficulties in their trek to utah becaubebaubecauseso the equipment was heavy and many of the wagons were constructed of uncunseasonedmasonedeasonedea soned lumber at the sweetwater river they ran into snow and subfreezingsub freezing weather and the supplies were so low that some of the cattle had to be slaughtered for food 5 although some of the equipment had to be left on the plains en route to utah the remainder waswaa brought to the banks of the provo river near the present outskirts of Pprovorovonovo city in november william and mary made their home at provo this same month and remained thetherethenere for the rest of their livesilves1i ves william dlediediedd on marcmarchh 4 18641864. in provo but mary lived to be eightytwoeighty two years of age and died in the same

3clara3oiaramclara CG N giles history of L john nuttailnuttall unpublished fourpagefour page MS in possession of brigham young university provo utaiutalutah p 1 typewritten 4nomasthomas delamare sugar machinery brought to utah comp e agures pioneplone y 1 pioneer in kate carter trtreasuresI asures of er histohistoryr salt lake city daughters of the ututah toneersTotonyerspioneersptoneersneers 19219 I1 41451 511williamwilliam and mary nuttailnuttallnuttaiinuttallaunpublishedunpublished MS in possession of W reed nuttallnuttailnuttaii provo utah 7 6 city on april 19 1880 at eighteen years of age L john thusuchus came into an area of new beginnings proveprovo city had gained its charter 18511861 birbin in january ibiiba181 and the utah stake had been1 en organized two months later george aoA smith 9.9 prominent church and elviccivic leader made his residence in provo in august 1621821852 and the first meeting house was begun the same month it was also during this year that the settlers in proveprovo were moving from the forts to the location where the ccityaltylty now stands 7 it was not long before L john participated in some of these beginnings according to his daughter clara giles he assisted william W alienallenallens henry white and elizabeth roper in organizing the first sunday school in provo at the log meeting house during the fall of 18318511853 and served in a local militia against ththee indians the same year 8 he later demonstrated his faithfulness to the church by serving in many of its offices continuously throughout his life on christmas day 18618565 L john married elizabeth clarkson who had also come from england with her parents thomas and kitty and sistesisterr ann in 18524 her fatherwasfather was

6tfamilyfamily records unpublished genealogicalgenealegenealocicalgical records in possession of floyd giles proveprovo utah totah7utahbutahtjtah Writerwritersfwriterssf frprojectejectoject provo mormon fipioneeraneeroneer city portland oregon binfordsBinfords and mort 1942tit1942titjittst p 6770 agiles8giles8gliesgiles p 2 8 born august ly151.5ijlj 1800 in hull yorkshire england and worked as a shoemaker kitty was born on september 25aj2j the same year as her husbandhusbandshusbandshusband99

golara9cac iara 0 HNO giles neinelnhistoryunhistorynHihistor7historystorystony of elizabeth clarkson Nuttnuttallnuttaiinuttalltalltalit unpublished threethreepagepage MS in posspossessionession of Brighabrighamyoungbrigham youngmYoung university provo utah p 1 typewritten CHAPTER II11

.9 AND CHURCH TO 5 MILITARYMILITARYO CIVIC 9 ACTactivitiesIVITIES 187is

utah war itin the year of 1871857 the kauvoonauvoo militia was reorganized for protection against the indian depredations in utah in response to general order number twoyswoytwo from the headquarters of the nauvoo legion in salt laketake cityolty 1 a mass meeting was held in provo on april 252 for the purpose of electing officers the organization taking place under the supervi- sion of peter voW conoverGonover brigadier general and commander of the proveprovo militia since the walker war fiftysixfifty six officers were chosen william E nuttall was one of eight captains lecterlectedselectedse and he commanded company C Infaninfantrytrye L john served as adjutant of the same unit 2 on july 6 tthehe organization of the provo military district was finished as william boB pace was elected mandercommandertonConoon four battalions were creaereacreatedted commanded by four majors and the colonelcolonelscolonelts ts staff

aseretldeseretideslDesesereteret news salt lake city april ll111 l87lag1871857 anrerecordc ord of the provo military districtdistrict1111 unpublished MS official record of the districtdistrdietrletiet during the utah war from april 252 1871857 to xaymay 17 1188858j in possession of brigham young universityUniver provo utah april 252 1871857 universituniversiasit 1 hereafterHer e after referred to as provo military diDistrictdistrictsdistrict1s tri c t 9 10 was completed 0 john was then assigned as adjutant in this staff 3 in 1671877 rumor reached washington that the mormonsmormonsamons were participating in unlawful activitiesactivitieslo lo president james buchanan acting without adequate investigation of the reports issued orders in may of 1871857 fortorfonton an army to be assembled at ft leavenworth and march to utah ahsoonassoonas soon as possible they were to accompany new federal officers taking the place of governor brigham young of the territoryandTerritoterritoryryandand other territorial officesoffices4off iceslees 4 on august 33yay colonel pace received a communique from general daniel H wells general commander of the nauvoo legion in salt lake city that a tolerably well authenti- cated report had been received of a united states army ap- proachingproaching the utah territory from the easteasfco the orderly record of the provo military district written in L johnsjohn handwriting indicates that this unit was on the alert continually until the winter snows made it impossible for tibuchanantsbuchanan armyarmy11 to enter the territoryTerritterritoryooryo the provo division received several communiques from general wells detailing them to gather all available firearms select and prepare sheltersheltersshelter8sheltery8 for grain storage in the mountains assist the

3lbld3131bidobido july 6 18718570

4 6 joseph4joseph fielding smith Essentialessentials in church historbistorhistory1011.01 salt lake city utah deseret news presspr e s s 1924 PP 49449 510010 11 immigrant trains coming to the valley explore and guard all possible entries to utah valley fromfronafron1 the east watch for spies on the spanish trail assist the settlers with the harvest of their crops 9 and escort the saints in the carson valleymissionvalleyvailey mission back to utahitahoutaho 5 then on october 9 ata eight amamo colonel pace received orders directly from governor brigham young to send one hundred and fifty men immediatelymediatelyimmediatelyediaedlately to salt lake city for further orders responding instantly the proveprovo unit assembled a sufficient number of men within onehalfone half hour to fill the detaildetailsdebalisdeballa L john accompanied this eastern expedition to echo canyon leaving provo on 0ctobercnoberoctober 9 andan returning after fiftyfiftysevenseven days of hardshiphardshipshardshipsoso 60 in his personal diary john stated that the men were ordered to march to echo canyon on october 1419 and proceeded thereafter to a camp on the weber river near the mouth of weber canyon where they were placeplacedd under the command of colonel nathaniel voV jones7jones 7 the men commenced to build a stone battery near the

5ppovo51i provo tt military Districtdistrictfdistrictsi august 3 to december 10 18718570

ebidoibido october 9 18718570 0 7ttatt pencilpe abilnbil diary of lo10 johrjohn nuttall unpublished MS contacontainincontaininginin9 miscellaneous data in possession of bridribrighbrigham9hamam younsyoung univeruniversitysity october 141416141616 1871857 1thehe pages are not numbered and many entries are not datedated do where dates are missing for footnote references the pages will hereafter be placed intnt braobrackbracketsoketsbetsetso 12 third crossing of thesathejathejsreekthejareekreek on thetche pioneer trail but soon moved to lower cottonwood grove where entrenchments were constructconstructedconstructedoedo after colonel jones had been ordered to great salt lake city colonel pace moved his men to the eighth crossing and there proceeded to dig three ditches on thetche ridge and side of the canyon where he states underitunderstunder two of these the road runs near the footfoottoot of the hillhlllhlllohallo on the 29th the camp moved to the eleventh crossing and itsetimsetset several men to work on the points building batteriesbettbELt teriesterles on each side of the road leading to big mountainmountainemountainomountaino A heavy storm in november forced the militia to suspend their construction of defenses and begin work on breaking roads overovenovon the mountains to enable supplysupp ly trains to reach the troops8troops 8 arriving back from salt lake city colonel jones ordered the men to proceed three miles up echo canyon where they camped these men remained in the canyon asalsats colonel albert sidney johnston of the united states army bolstered the morale of his men upon taking command of the utah expedition at blacks forkpork in omingowyomingoWy there were approximately 29002 500900goo men in the defense area east of saltlakesaltsait lake but as thetche crisis passed and itittift was ascertained that colonel johnston did notnott intend tottofcotco fforceorce his wayway through the canyon that fall the

bletterletter from colonel pace to george aoA smith november 27279 18571879lq791857. in journal history of the thurchurchurchch of jesus christ of0f latterlattenlatterdayday saints day by day account of events of the church recorded in the historianhistorians office salt lake city utah 13 men were released the firstfinst week in Decemberdecembersdecemb6r9december99 although the memenn suffered in the inclement weather john made no complaint in his personal dieldiaryry he did not describe the work of the group in detail but it is evident that he was spiritualspiritualmindedminded and took great care to record the inspirational messages that various church officials delivered as they visited the men his spiritual feelings were demonstrated in another way for among these trying circumstances in the mountain retreat after being blessed because of sitsicknesssidkness and then recovering he could feel to say it made me rejoice in the goodness of god 1110 on december 1 the command of colonel pace bebeganbangan their return journey home and upon arriving in provo they were met by many of the town people accompaniednaccompaniedunaccompanied by tthellelieile brass bandbandebando nilnii although Nuttalnufctallnuttalitsits records are silent for the next springspringaspringp the provo military district aided considerably in protecting cattle against the indians in proveprovorovonovo canyon they worked closely withthewith the citizenry by patrolling the area and building corrals so the cattle would not stray and give the indians an opportunityappoopportunity to steal theiatheratherntheme 12

9nanandrewdrexdrew loulovlovee neff hihistorystory of utahbitahjitah saitsaltlakesalt lake city deseret hewsnews press 190igo1940 L aplepplepp 1048110N 481ablo4blo 4 10fencil10 Fencilpencil diary 11 november 22022 1871857

11 A n 1 llibluoibid v december 4 18718570 12tprovo12tppovo military distriedestriedistricttt n ppo 501901goi0 14 nuttallnuttailnuttaii was one of the men who was ordered to destroy salt lake city by fire in the spring of 1881858 if the utah ex- peditionpedition were to enter the valley 131

exploring Uintahindahuintah valley in the fall of 1861 john accompanied colonel pace and ten other men on a Uintahindahujlntah valley expedition responding provo to this duty on september 3 9 twelve men left to explore the valley they traveled by way of hebetheberheben down strawberry valley and up the duehesneduchesnedue he sue riverrivery covering ffortythreeortyforty three miles by september 5 after going down strawberry valley the men divided to send an express to president youngyoungsyounge this conserv- ative report estimated that thirty farnifamiliesliesllesiles might find good farming land in uintah the company returned by the same route and arrived home september 17917 to find all was well 141

21 131nterviewinterview with annie nuttallnuttailnuttaii baker may 24v 19621962119620o andrew jenson also states this fact and gives the totalt 0 taltai number of men fforor the assignmehtassignment as one aundrehundrehundredd and ten see andrew jenson LDSL P S biorraphlcalbiogiabiographicalealeai enencyclopediamedlamedia 4 vols W n salt lake city andreandrew jansoj6nsojenson hihistorystory co I1 1901jigol1901 11I1 3553 in 1871857 the church leaders had decided to destroy all property in the mountain valleys if the army overcame the mili- titiaa resistance after a council of war in 1881858 these leaders changed their plans and talked of leaving the valley and fleeing to a place of refuge which brighambrigham young believed existed in the southwestern part of the territory the saints began evacuating the city in march but wordwor d was recelreceivedved early the next month that an pointeepointecappointeeappointee for vernorvernoygovernorgo of the territory alfred cumminggumming was making his way to salt lake without a military escort an ununderstandingderstanderstadding was soon 1mormon reached between the federal officers andan d leaderleaderss P andaridanidannd thesaintsthe Saints returned to their homes see brigham H roberts A oomprehensehensiveehensiveivelve dilhistorbistorstoryy of thetche church of jesusjes us christ of lattlatterer dazdayd saintsaints s rvolsvoiskvolsbvols salt lakefakewakemake aj1jcitit Y deseretDeserefc news press 193019001930 ivoIV 360361360361360 361061ogi n 14pencil14 pencil diary august 31 to september 17o17170 186118610 151

theT he black hawk war utah became involved in the black hawk war just at a time when it appeared that peace would be established with the indians misunderstandings which began at manti in april 1861865 spread through the southern part of the territory and caused fighting which continued through the summer of 18618699 john was again to be active in military affairs and associate with colonel pace who faced black hawk himself at gravelly ford a crossing of the sevier river between salina and richfield utahufcaho during this war L john experienced his most notabletabienotable military achievement j as he was appointed a colonel in the first brigade in the second division of the nauvoo leblonlegionlegionslegiono As the warm weather approached in the spring of 11866866 adianndianindian raids began afresh in the territory of utah becauseBeo ause the government had neglected to keep its promises made at the treaty in spanish fork the previous year the situation was serious orders were issued fforor the muster- ing of militia men in portions of the northern part of the territory around provo and salt lake to aid the local units in the southssouthasouth0 15 on may 8 the utah county military district was organized intinto0 a division under major general aaron

15orsonorson F whitney bistorhistorhi st oryonyY of0 f utah 4 vols salt lake city cannon and sons lb9291692 hoII11 119611195 191966 16 johnson commanding william pace was elected brigadier general of thetche first brigade and L john nuttall colonel of the first regiment under him colonel washburn chipman commanded the second regiment pace left provo in may and 16i participated in the campaign in sevier countyColantyluntytanty he sent several letters back to the first and second regiments which describe the unfortunate circumstances of the settlers and difficulties of keeping his men in supplies for the fortydayforty day volunteer periodperiods responding to orders from general wells major general aaron johnsojohnsonn supplied sixty more men from his division on july 1 twelve of these came from nuttaiiNuttallnuttalltsmuttaivsts regiment during this time thetche regiments in the proveprovo area were ordered to care for the soldierssoldierstsolsoidiersT families and protect the city and property from any surprise attack colonel pace returned on july 10 and another pla- toon was sent from colonel nutKutnuttnuttailnuttaiitalltalitaiiallsalis regiment to gunnisonGunnlsonison 17 on the day of the brigadier generalsgeneral returnreturns 0 on august 151 colonel nuttall began the sevier county expeditionexpeditions after meeting the remainder of the de- tachtachmentment at payson which was comprised of units from sprlngvlllespringvilleSpringville spanish fork provo and payson the company

16ttbbrigade record of thetche first brigade second division nauvoo LegionLegilegiontllegion11ontl11 unpublished MS official record of the first bribrigadede in possession of brigham young university may 8 1891857 171bid17117 bidibid may 8 to july 10 18670186 17 was completely organized on august 21 nuttallnuttailnuttaii and his men scouted the hills east of mantimantlmantti as some unidentified moving objects had been seen there upon entering salinsalinaa he stated that the houses had been vacant for some time and after going to the east of town he had this interesting comentcomment tottotoo make about the notorious indian chief heretsberetsherehene aherwherwheree black hawk and his indians after driving awayallaway allailali the cows of the settlers stood on a round mound above the town and taunted the people when they aroarosese in the morning and insultingly told them to come to the indians now for milk foefor their children we are virtually on the seat of warlewariwarl0 colonel nuttall never saw the war however only tietiothe battle sites As his company passed gravelly ford of the t sevier river where colonel pace encountered black hawk he stated good service was done by the boys showing they meant business but the 4 odds were greatly against themthemo tt 199

18 1 1expedition18expeditionExpedition to sevier CcountyQ entysuntys august 151 1866 unpublished fivefivepagedpaged MS in possession of brigham young university1ibraryuniversity library provo utahsutahputah august 21 1866 written in1 n L johntjohnfjohnis s hand lgjbidibid lugusaugustaugust 22 1866 historians have a different view of the service pace performperformeded at avellyadellygravellytr fordFOrd dradrodr andrew L neff stated here was a golden opportunity to strike a decisive blowbiowblog to terminate the war by killing or baggibaggingng the warwarlordlorlord d anda nd hihiss bravebravess the mimilitaryli tary purposep arpurp 0 se however was not to risk an engagement which must needs sacrifice militiamen but rather to recovertherecoreeorecovernecoverthethe livestock and incidentally administer such punishment as occasion offered without undue exposure A skirmish of three hours ensued with slight advantage to the whites ddenlysuddenlysuddenny a cloud of dust heralded the approach of reinforcements presumably natives without waiting to ascertain the facts general pace surrendered the field only to discover that the new- comers were pursuinrpursuing fillmore cavalry seventy strong who alone felt capable of coping with the eneoneenenrymy in prematurely 18 from here the regiment camped on the sevier river that same day after having met captain page and his men the next day he recorded that this captain left in fond spirits leaving us the defenders of sevier valley 1120tl 20 colonel nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttallailali graphically recorded the suffering at richfield as he stated arrived to see the people in most destitute conditions A cloud had burst on the west mountain that afternoon and had flooded the town filling the dugoutdugoutss with mud and water women were bailing out the places1aces where their beds clothing etc were under waterwater2121 the regiment moved camp to where Prattsprattsvilleville was located so a good lookout could be kept between richfield and east mountain As autumn approached colonel nuttallnuttailnuttaii and three other men escorted elders orson hyde and james A allred back to provo after attending conference in richfield of the seventytwoseventy two men under colonel nuttailnuttaiiNuttallnuttalltsts coandocommand thirtythirtyoneone returned on september 23 seven on october 606 and five on october 2421 22 thus ended a twentyfourtwenty four day expedition of

and weakly yielding the field and undoubted victovictoryry general pace allaliailallowedowed the one and the only one splendid opportunityopportunityortunity to slip by to administer the enemy and the enenemy6mamy cause a deathblowdeath blow black hawk P proprofitinprofitingprofitingfitin9 from the fortuitous con- fusionfusionslon effeceffectedeffect tedved an escape from the deathtrapdeathdeath trap venevene without sacrificing his booty though it was said that a bullet hadthad partially at least diminished the efficiency of the cele- brated chieftain neff p 4030103 otteotiexpeditionexpedition to sevier county n august 23 1866 21bid21bidibid p 3 seusterSMsmuster22tmusteruster roll of the first regiment fifirstrst bragadebrigadeigade utah county military district unpublished MS in bribrighamL ham young university library provo utah october 2424.ai2i 186901866 fig 2officers2 offleersbleersofficers of the sevier county expedition commanded2of by leonard john nuttall august 1866

19 20 one hundred and forty miles to richfield the muster roll contains a summary of the expeditionexpeditions achievements by stating that the men guarded the settlements of richfield alma now monroe and Glenwooglenwooddt and scouted in the nearby mountains 23 colonel nuttall perhaps unknowingly gave an in- dicationdication of the effectiveness of his leadership on the men as he stated every wish I1 could have was always anticipated if I1 wanted a detachment to go and scout a certain section of country there was always twice as many would volunteer as were needed n2it24na in 1872 nuttall accompanied general marrow colonecolonel1 pace and colonel A K thurber to spanish fork canyon for a conference with fifty to seventyfiveseventy five indians who had left the uintah indian Rereservatireservationpreservatiservati on he stated that tbroughhroughthrough the efforts of colonel thurber and others the ucooperativecooperativeco herd has been secured and driven out of spanish fork kanyon tilcattictticqi c also the herd out of hobble creek kanyon ticaIstic7q7qa and are well guarguardedde dv t252 eight chiefchiefss signed their mark on an agreement to return to the uintah reservation at another meeting two days later 2620 and this incident marked the last indian difficulty after the black hawk war

231bid23 ibid 24ftexpeditionexpedition to sevier county tt p 5 25deseret25Deseretdesere t newnewsys august 20 1821871872 26imd961bidagi961bid august 212221 22 187218720 21 civic and churchchurchserviceservice soon after the utah war ended nuttall became prominent in provorovo and territorial civic affairs he was elected councilor inprovoin provo city from 186118621861 1862 and 186618681866 1868 alderman in 1864 1872 and 1874 city recorder and auditor everyevery year from 1861 to 1875 except 1861863393.9 and city attorney in 1866 27 his faithful attendance at council meetings is indicated by the fact that all the records are in his handwriting from 1861 to 1872 except 1863 and a very few occasions when a deputy clerkassumdclerk assumed the responsibility throughout these years john was active as he served on numerous committees regarding city business on several occasions he also participated in initiating council action in march 1864 judge zerubbabelZerubbabel snow appointed him probate clerk of utah county he held this position continuously until september of 18751871 28 at this time he was in europe on a mission forrorpor the church the first territorial positions came to nuttall in 187218720 during this year he was appointed chief clerk of the legislative council of the territory of utah and he again held this position in 1874187 and 1878 29 in february of 1872

27miminutesnutes of the provo city council 1861187218611872111861 1872187211 official unpublished city records in the provo city offices proveprovo utah 28tprobate2 probate records of utah Countycountyltcounty11lt11 unpublished msoMS in county clerksclerkts offoffleeofficeice provo utah makarchmarchachrch 21 186118641864. 2 aalt9altgaltgaitisalt lake heraldhereeraldo januaryjan uai Y 1122 1151741874 jourjournalsnalsnais of the lelegislativeg i siasla fc i ve assemblyoA s s e rublyrnbly ir january 8 1872 as contained in n 8 S journal history january 1 18721 72 dedesedesopesoseretret newsonews 9 januajanuaryry 14141iky 187801878 22 he was also elected assistantassistantsecretarysecretary of the constitutional convention in salt lake city30oifcy3 this was the fourth attempt of the territory to obtain statehood although ordinance number five of the proposed constitution appealed for guidance from congress regarding any requirements which vierewere necessary to admit utah no reply was given 31 besides holding civic offices joljoijohnm participated in many public affairs for example he mlsWISwas marshall of the day in the provo celebration on july 2421 in 1860 and 1865186 at the same holiday event in 1868 9.9 2000 people were assembled to hear original songs by L john nuttall and henry tjo maiben accompanied by choruses sllLSSJLI1 c7andchandC and choir 0 0O to2tj2 he displayed efficient and interesting literary talent as he wrote several articles for the deseretdesbegeret hewsnews and salt lake heraldhereera id they treated such topics as the ad- vancementvancement of the timpanogosTimpanogos university during its ffirst term the dedication of the provo meeting house in 1867 and a description of the cornerstone ceremony of the timpanogosTimpanogos woolen factory in 187303318333 these articles are well organized and thorough in treating thethiethle developments under consideratioconsiderationconsideratioatlon

isalt3salt30salt lake herald february 20 1872 31whitney31whifcney31Whitney II11 6947216946947211972172119 32deseret323 2peapeDeserets e ret news august lt1 1860 august 2 1865186 august 4 ttibsstibs1 3333salt 8 1870 pe newsmews lake herald0 july seret saitsalt t0ta deseret august 24 y ibbaibb7I1 8071bythbyt1 anarluarldaridarlualltdiltdileallT7juneUFe j 187318734 23 john was also active in the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints on february 22 187918557 bishop evE H blackburn ordained him to the office of a teacher in the aaronic priesthood of this church william carter and seely owens conferred the melchizedek or higher priesthood upon him on may 19 187107log1857 as he was ordained a seventy in the twentieth quorum elder nuttall was sustained as a member of the high council during the dedication of the provo meeting house mentioned above and accordaccordinglyinglys he was ordained to thebhe office of a high riestpriest and set apart asaa a member of said council he was also set apart as clerk of 311 the high council on the same dayldaydaytday311l brother nuttall served as secsocsecretaryrotary in various organ izatizationsiziationsionslons both civic and ecclesiastical As the provo school of prophets was organized by president brigham young inirllritrl provo on april 151 1868 john was sustained as assistant seersecretaryseenetarydetary this institution met regularly on a weekly schedule until january 7sas7 1871 35 he was again chosen as secretary when a

34pencil34 pencil ppp 137 142714.27 diary rap 137147147 35journal35 journal of the provo school of prophetsprophets11 april 151 18681860 unpublished MS in the collection old utah stake paperspapers11 on microfilm in possession of brigham young university library the minutes end in january 797 1871 and it has not been determined in this study if this was the last meeting the records do not indicate that the school was discontinued at that time but no further records have been found 24211 group of provo saints voted to live the united order in 36 april 1874137413740 o mr nuttall was active in business affairs as he was secreseeresecretarytary in the proveprovo operativecooperativeco institution which was organized0 on december 4s4as 1868laga18680lagae the establishment of this institution caused the salt lake mercmeromerchantshants to finally respond to president youngisyoungieyoung advice and organize ziontszion operativecooperativeco mercantile institution the president had continually encouraged the saints to trade only with members of the mormon church but this policy was not followed ex- tensivelytensively and as a resultresuitresults many gentile merchants prospered in utah

in the october conference of the church in 1868 9.9 a resolution was adopted that members of the church should not trade with tf outsiders tjjr37 president young also advo- cated the establishment of the operativecooperativeco system as it laterlateremergedemerged salt lake merchants accepted the plan to buy from wholesale houses in the east ship the merchandise to utah and distribute it to small branches of the organization at cost they also effected an organization with brigham young as president but they were slow to act after the provo institution was organized with sound

ON 36utah writersWriwritersytersitersy project p 11711

0 p7pa 3brighama5fbrigham young journal of discourses london albert carringtonpcarrlngfcon 1869 litho 196 XII october 8 1868 285028 25 financial backing by provo merchants and president young the businessmen in salt lake city realized that if no action were taken the provo store would be the main supplier of eastern goods before connection with the eastern outlets was establishestablishededsedy precipitous action occurred in salt lake zionszion cooperativeco- operative mercantile institution was establishestablishededsedp and the provo organization became a branch of the co- operative system in utah0utahsutah038

his mission call an interesting telegram from proveprovo signed by james

B may EB daniels to tanner in paysonpays on on 22 1874 P states if you are going to goshen tomorrow tell nuttallnuttailnuttaii he Is appointed on a mission to england t097 A note addressed to L john in provo on this same day announced his call by saying you are appointed on a mission to england it will be necessary for you to signe slostolsiq7sic the factory bonds before leaving0leavingleavingsleavingd400 in a letter to his proveprovo sunday school class dated june ivy14 brother nuttall gives expression of his attitude toward this calling to my young friends and associates in the proveprovo sabbath school

N 0 38whltneyWhitney50whitney50 IsI1 27628276276285027628802762280285o28 339papers39911 paperpapers s of L john nuttall collection in brigham young university libraryLibrarytryg 19481918p folder 31 P 4oibid40ibld 26 it is with pleasing thoughts and reflections that I1 refer to the good times of our association and meetings in class since we have been organized as a class in the provo sabbath school and in as much as I1 have been called to leave you for a timtimee to bear the glad tidings of the gospel of life and salvation to the nation of my birth and to speak of the goodnessgoodagoodness of god to his people in these valleys of the mountains and the good that is beingbe i-ng brought about in the instruction imparted by the elders of israel and many of the worthy sisters to the youth and rising generation of the latter day zsic7licbiciic saints at home I1 expect to take great pleasure in so far filling the mission that has been asassignedsiamesipme d me and I1 trust I1 shall ever be remembered in your prayers and that I1 may accomplish all that my heart can desire to righteousness and return in the own due titimeme of the lord to again mingle with you prosecute your labors continue in the faith until zion shall be reredeemedeemeddeemed and the just reign triumphant upon the earthearthai caringoaringgaring for a family of nine children was a sacrifice for elizabeth as LOL john left her in provo having lost between five and six thousand dollars worth of real estate and personal belongings as their home had burned completely four years earlierearlier4242 ellzblizelizabethellzabethabe th faundoundfound additional reasons to be industrious as her husband left for great britain in company with david mckenzie john henry smithy and peter sin- clair on june 29 he was first assigned to the durham and hewnew castle Conferconferenceeneeeneoenco under the liverpool officelofficeboffice by president joseph F smith Y but within two months after this irstarstfirstf assignment nuttailnuttallnuttaii was appointed to labor in the millennial

41letter41tt letterdetter to the provo sabbath school june iklkll1414.11 187401871 42millennial42millennial star liverpool england august 11 1874 poP 05 27 star officeofflee43943943.943 herewhere he worked for bhethebheuhe remainder of his had him on mission the4 leaders of the church called this short mission of nine months to assist in secretarial work at the mission headquarters so he did but a limited amount of proselyting he did visit his relatives in lancaster however although they received him well and helped to gather genealogical data none would accept his gospel message 44 john displayed a wholesome attitude toward his mission through his writings in a letter to president joseph ri p smith recorded in the millennial star brother nuttallnut talltaiitali gave an optimistic view of the work after attending an appointment in london he wrote we had a splendid meeting quite a number of strstran-an gers present who seemedseemed muchmuehmuch interested in the remarks made this the north london Is one of the live branches and the saints are njoyingenjoyingenjoyinge their religion and feeling well 0 6 the work is progressing favorably in this conferenceconference4545 his happiness in the work is noted as he stated 1 I can assure you I1 have felt well in my labors as I1 have 11464 always done in the discharge of my duty 0 it 0 in his report to the church officials in salt lake city after his

ibid p 555 44interview44lnterview44Interview with annie nuttall baker may akiavi 1962 45millennial45millennial star april 18751875.18 p 252022 46deseret46deseret newsonews march 31 187518 28 return he stated that the church in the british isles Is 947 in the most flourishing and glorious conditiconditionon 0 notice was given on may 3 1871875 of elder nuttaiinuttailNuttallnuttalltsts release from his labors in the millennial star office to return to his home in utahanutaha0utah48 nuttall returned aboard the wyoming which sailed may 13 and arrived in new york on may 24 1871875049 elders hugh S gowans and henry husheseushugheshugeughes traveled in company with him along with one hundred and eightysixeighty six souls who were immigrating to utah from great britain many new converts saw president young for the first time as he and daniel wells met the party in farmlngtonfarmingtonFarmingfarmingtonotonstono utah on the train before arriving in salt lake on june 353.538503050 soon after arriving home from his nassionmission to england nuttall took sophia taylor as his second wife in a plural marriage relationship as practiced by the mormon church at the time 51 born at salt lake city on july ilslly14 iqyfqy1849 she

47 journal history june 18 1874187410

48millennial48millennial starstarpstary may 181875p aleplep 2802800 49bid49bidibid june 181875p appp 377378377 378 50ibidpibid julyjulys 18759187187691875.9 appp 48948458459458 4599 51joseph51 joseph smith ffounder of the mormon church in 1830 is reveredreverrevened as a prophet among the saints he claimed to have receivedreceived a revelation in 1831 or 18321832 9.9 aherwhereinwhereineln he was told that the doetrineearinedoctrine of plural marriage as prpracticedacticaceticed by certain old testament patriarchs was given by the lord he 29 was the daughter of president john taylor and harriet ann whitaker taylor she and lo10L john were married on august 31 187518 at salt lake city9clfcy252

later reported that he was mmandedcommandedc 0 to begin the practice of polygamy it was later lived by some few of the churchunchurchch leaders sedsecretlyretlybetly until 1821852 when the church aannouncednnounc ed to the world its belief in the principle and practice of plural Mrriageariagemarriage A small percentage of menme n who were in good standing with the church andabd financially able were assigned by the president to support additional wives

nt talltali family possession of attallnttallprovoallail records in reed nuttall utah 0 CHAPTER iliIII111

CHURCH AND CIVIC LEADER AT KANAB

background ofcanab kanab canabkanab was first inhabited by mormon settlers in the late iqoqy1850 1 s but trouble later arose during the black hawk war as a band of indians made a raid on the settlement in 1865186 As the depredations occurred the following summer and indian relations continued to be unsettled the town was abandoned in april of 1867 0 jacob hamblin performed effective work in the area for the mormons by making friends with the indians by 1870 a sufficient number of pioneers had resettled in canabkanab to organize a ward of the church hamblin described the visit of president young to canabkanab as follows in the spring of 1870 president brigham young his counselorc 0Wnsel6r george A smith apapostleOs tle erastus snow and other leaiealeadingding memenn of the church came to canabkanab accompanied byditwenty men as a guard As we had been notified of this visitvisit we had things in aass good order as possible the aiutespiutes seventyse venty in number washed off the dirt and paint which bebesmearedsmear d theirpersonstheir persons and put on a fair appearance for indians president youyoungng at first objected to sensendingding out the animals of the company to feed under an indian guard but afterwards consented to do so he espresexpresexpressedsed himselfhimselfseif wellweli satisfied with my labors and policy on the frontiers seilseii1

ljamajamijamesljames A jacob A narnNarranarna e es little lacobyacob hamblin2hamblinhambling2 narrativenarratiyenarrativadivtiye of his personal experiencesiences2 as a frfrontiersman0hti6rsman missionaryS ionaryconary to teetethe indianindianss andnd explorer saitsaltsa it larelakelaite city 0 deseretdeierefc newsnews press 1909 pv10 1021020 30 31 A manuscript history of the canabkanab stake at the church historianhistorians office records the organizing of the ward on this same visit in september 1870 president young and party visited kaneKane county tratravellingvelling to st george via pipe springs on september 10 1870 president young selected the site for the town of canabkanab and on the followfollowinging day sun sept 11 1801871870 he organized the saints at canabkanab into the canabkanab ward and ordained and set apart elder levi stewart as bishop 2 in nearby long valley the original settlers came from the muddy river mission in nevada which was founded in the 1860ts1860 when brigham young visited the muddy settlesettiesettlementsments in 1870 he advised them to return to utah and the next two years saw many of these pioneers settle in long valley and later establish a united ordersondersorderaorder3 with headquarters at mt

carmel another newly founded town was lendaleglendaleG 0 only a few months after the mt carmel order was established almost half of the members withdrew from the organization the eccle- siasticalsiastical leaders then advised those who wished to continue

2historyhistory of the canabkanab stake MS history in thetha church historianhistorians office salt lake city utah september 10 l801801870 othe firstafirstufirst unitedn itedcited order in utah was establisheestablisheddbyby president brigham youngyoung at st georgege or ge in 387487403.8743874018740387418741 its purpose was to lead the saintssaints to a cloaeclo6ecloserr spiritual union and dand6ncon- secrationse cration of propertyproperty the united orderorderss which were later established were not uniform they varied from a strict MunitycommunityCo life in some areas to a single familylikefamilyf amilamslamsiy likeilke organization which owned all things in concommonulonnionmion as founded at ordervllleorderville the orderorderss pbrienc6dexperiencedex Mmanyny difficulties andand practically all efthemofthemof them w6rwarweree didissolveds solved after ade&dea decadecade from the founding of the st george order see roberts V 4884894884890488 4894890 32

living the united order to move a ffewew mileimilesemileiS up the valley and it was these settlers who incorporated as the united order of dervilleordervllleordervilleOr in july 187518750 all their propertyproperty was deeded to the community corporation and each member sol- emnly covenanted to abide by certain rules suggested by brigham young4younsyoungyounga

second bishobishop of kanabkanabikanaba nuttall began an important career in his life after a twodaytwo day conference of the utah stake held at proveprovo where thousandsmthousands of the saints were assembled as president brigham young officiated on the first sunday in augustaugusta 1875p187 john was ordained bishop of canabkanab ward in southern utah and assigned to coordinate the six wards in the area and lead the united order of kanabkanabakanab6 5 soon after november 16 when the nuttallnuttaiinuttail family arrived in canabkanab in company with daniel hoeideldHIV wellsweliswellsfwellso party

0 0 a meetinmeeting9 oftheodtheof the board was held with church authoauthoritieauthoritiesritie s president danieldaniellellei ILHI weilswellswelis edward lorlorenzoe nzoanzo snowrzrastussnowylsrastus snow of the twelve apostles and other

kleona d A pi oncer leonardr J arrington ordervllleordervi116 0 utah linneerlibneer mormon FXebcperlmenP6 ri me nt in economicbconomic orizanization utah st e agricoagricuagriculturalituralunalunai cocoliellegalleggee monograph seriesseniesseiiselisellisi6s ifII11 no 2 march 19451954 797 9eae9 i de seret newsnewa 9 august 4 1875a187 the six wards in the area were PahPapahreahpabreahreahbreah johnsjohnsonon kacanabkanabnab dervilleordervilleOr glendaleglendalcyGlengien dalesdaiesdalCy and mtsmtemt cacarmeloarmelrmel these were all located in utah bubutt ththee stake also incleincluincludedded a few smaller settlements in arizona which were thought to be in the territory of utah 33 visiting elders among whom was bishbishopop lo10LIU john nuttall of provdoprovoproveo A letter from brigham young was read releareleas-s ing john roR young and levi stewart from their offices as president and bisbishophop and unitinftunitingc3ca the duties of both under lo10L john nuttallnuttailnuttaii as bishopbishopebishopo the purpose was to unite the hearts and feelings of the brethren and con- solidate the interests of the people0peopledpeople go0 this canabkanab order had been founded the april before nuttallnuttailnuttaii arrived but its inception was not well organized elder L john nuttallnuttailnuttaiinut talltailtaii who had been appointed suc- cessor to bishop levi stewart as bishop of6 canabkanab met with the people for the first time sept 19199 1871875 soon after that a branch of the united order was more per- fectly organized at canabkanab with the new bishop as presi dentdento most of the people now joined the order and worked in it a couple of vearsyearsearsy after which it was dis- solved by mutual consentcondentoconsentoconsento one other entry concerning the canabkanab united order appearing early the next year gives a good indication of its auspicious beginnings jan 339 1876 eleeieelectionctionaction took placplacee at canabkanab for board of united ororderonderder offofficersleers fiffiftyninefiftyafifty nine of our seventyfiveseventy five heads of families have declarbeclardeclareded them- selvesselveseive and all they possesspossesskypossessypossessy as subsubjectectact to the rules and principles of the united orderodderorderobordero although nuttallsNutt alls daily journal began two days before the above entry and he commented on various transac- tions of the order there is no comment on the organiza- tionseionstion iyrogressprogress or dissolution

6 minutes of the canabkanab united order as quoted in elsie chamberlain carroll ed historbistorhistoryy cfjanecf danezane counC Y salt lalakeice city kane county daughters ctheofathe the utah pioneers 1960 ppo 63 7yyhistory71i history of canabkanab ward MS history in the church historians office september 19 1875018760 abidqbidd january 3 1876 34

dedicationdedicatoonDedicade dica titoonon of the stestoS b ceo660ogo frerke tempietemple after serving as bishop of canabkanab ward for one year nuttallnuttailnuttaii went to st george for the dedication of the lower story of the temple which was completed sufficiently for use in baptism and ordinance work for the deaddeadobeado 97 he dramatically described the inspirational spespeechesoches given in the first latterlatterdayday saint temple in the western united states and the impact of the event on nuttallnuttailnuttaii was evident as he recorded on leaving the tempietempletemplettemples

0 feeling that this has been the best day of my life and desiring to have a determination to press onward in the great work of the last days in the redem- ption and salvation of myself wives 9 children and human 1.1 family 0 olo010 he bebesanbegansangan a long career in secretarial work for the leaders of the church as he corrected presidentPress ident youngs dedicatory prayer to be published and assisted elder wilford woodruff in copying the proceedproceedingsines of the dedication in his journal fforor the church history this did not end his labors in stestosfcisuci george however for he was among nine

univ9nivL boB lundwall comp temples of0f the most hielahelghhigh salt lake city utah printing coo 19bol1960tbon p 030bab3 tketeeakee mormon church constructsdonconeonstruttsstructs temples in which ordinalordinanordinancescesoes for the dead such as baptism and eternal marriage are herforperforperformedmed by proxy for those ancestors of the saints who havebave not been baptized by those holding the priesthood as claicialclaimedm d by the mormon church the stste george temple was somplecompletedted in 1877 at a cost of about 450000000000 being approximately liliii141lip111 feet long and 93 feet wide 10journal10lott journal of L john nuttall january 1pap1 16771877 hereafter referred to as nuttall journal 353 people who were named tottofcotco assist in ordinance work in the temple 11 beginning this new work but a few days later he was recorder for the first baptisms performed in the temple on january 9 1877IS 12 his duties were not consigned only to recording for he spent many hours with president young planning and writing methods of procedure devising forms to be used in recording ordinance work accomplished copying letters of instruction from the president to missionaries recording any new instruction to the people and doing physical work on the temple building and grounds nuttallnuttailnuttaii remained in st george until after april 6 when the remaining portion of the temple was dedicated by daniel wells counselor to president young as the general conference of the church was held in the temple after the memeetingstings L john traveled to canabkanab in company with john taylor lorenzo snow and orson pratt

canabkanab stake organicorganizani z e d april 18 1877 was an important day in the history of canabkanab and in lo10L johnisjohn lifeilfe the canabkanab stake was

ebidollibideibido nuttaii12nuttall12nuttall participated personallypersonallyin in these ordinances on ando 28258238 same whesaW march 23 andondnd j of this year henrhesa he was sealed in marriage to two women who died without being married these twotw0 persons sealed rrespectivelyespeftieqti vely on the above dates were Sarasarahallmansarah allmanhAllman who was born in englandEnglands and ann harrisoneharrisharrisonoHarrisonoon daughter of william and elizabeth earrisonharrison born july 8 1816 and died on july 8 1871857 seseee nuttall family records in possession of reed nuttall provo utah 36 organized by john taylor and nuttallnuttailnuttaiinut talltailtaii was announced atas prepnepresi-si tt dent from the neamesnnamesnames selected by president B youngyoungsyoungo O brother taylor set nuttallnuttailnuttaii apart and larenzolorenzol6renzo snow did the same for the two new counselcounselorsorso howard 0oa spencer and james I1 buntingbuntings As taylor also read the names of those who were called to the high council and presidents of the priesthood Qquorumsuorumsgorums in canabkanab unanimous consent was given by the congregation 13 A second important meeting of the day commenced as elder E snow invited all the brethren to assemble in franfr6nfrontt of the meeting house at which tiatimtime he said it was desirable tto0 revive our militia nanizationganizationorganizationor & pro- POSposede d L john nuttaanuttanuttallnuttailnuttaii11 as colonel of the 2 regeg st geogeorgergenge military dist who unanimouslyunanomouslyunanomouslybously sic stainedsustainedsu alalsoaisoS 0 H 0 spencer as lt toltoicolcole wmwra D johnson as begreg adjisadjtsad jtsats 141 in contrast to his earlier active participation in military affairs john made no further mermenmentiontion of this organizationorganizations activities the organization of the stake continued rapidly at firstfirsts as on the next day H B M jolley and thomas chamberlachamberlainin were set apart as members of the stake high council in dervilleordervilleOr and the other new stake leaders were sustained in the same town at quarterly conference in dervilleordervilleOr the following august erastus snow presented the following men as bishops all of whom were unanimously sustained thomas chamberlain of dervilleordervilleOr james

13ftnuttallnutfcall journaljournalsjournal11 april 18 1877 l4lbid141bid april 18 187718770 37 leithead of canabkanab henry B m10M jolley of mt carmel and richard robinson as presiding elder of upper canabkanab and settlers above the saw mill in long valley through his position as president of the canabkanab stake nuttallnuttailnuttaiihutnut talltalitaii became a leader over interesting communal types of living along with the typical mormon ward organization both types of organizations were but newly founded in kane county he worked closely with Ordervilleordervllleorderville as all important decisions in the united orders were made through the direction of the canabkanab stakestakes apostle erastus snow who was living in st george visiting leaders of the church and the first presidency 16 most of these leaders being inaccessible much of the time however nuttallnuttaiinuttailnuttNULt talltalitaii played a significant role in directing the order characteristic of his duties were arbitration of disputes within the order property settlement with those who withdrew sale of land receipt of tithing produce and transfer of some limited manufactured goods for the convenience of the order nuttall proved to be an able administrator in ecclesiastical and community affairs he found very early that it was difficult for people to live the dervilleordervllleordervilleOr experiment for three days after assuming leadership of the new state he wrote that the order was mixed in affairs

lIlibidbibid151bidbid august 151 1877 16arrington16Arrington ppo 252o20ao 38 hope to get them straightened out 1117 he always encouraged the development of the united order principle as a necessary part of the gospel speaking on this principle in st george he had saitsalisairearl1erqearlier we must work into the united

order sooner or later 0 0 10 it is the practice of what we preach that will save us 1018 alienallengilen frost who accompanied levi stewart to canabkanab in 1870 stated that nuttall gave the 11mostmost powerful order sermon I1 ever heard 11191 he seemed to enjoy instructing the people in public meetings and realized his position fforor he bfbffcenten spoke of having good freedom in speaking and administrative duties and as he stated the 1010.10 spirit of my calling upon meemeome l20122120 his letters indicate clear thinking in making administrative decisions 21

17nuttall17 Nuttall Journjournalalsaisalg april 23 l871871877 18tjournaljournal history may 14 1876 ppe 41 19tiarydiary of lilenalienallenailen frost 183819011838181818181901111901190111 MS copyc py at brigham young university library january 23 18701879 type writtenwritwrittenoteno 2020nuttall20ttnufctallnuttailnuttaiiNuttall journal june 26 1877187710 alan2lan example of his understanding of good human rela- tiontionshipsships is shown as bishop thomas chamberlain of dervilleordervilleOr asked about building a gristgoristnist mill for long valley nuttaiiNuttallnuttalltsnutfcalfsts advadviceice was thathatt only one was reallyneededreallyneailyneally needed it follows necessarily that to expend measures in building a new mill and keeping two illersmillersM egich only half employed will be a waste of capital and labor which is unwise & not the way to get richnichnieh he continued that to build another mill would also do injustice to bishop leithead who built his under the council of the authorities in southern utah see letter to thomas chamberlainchamberlainsChamberchamberlainglaing april 26 18781878.18780 39 typical of the close union of church and territorial affairs in utah nuttall was active in developing the community of canabkanabkanabakanabo A number of his early proposals were accepted by the citizenry and became town policy some of these actions were the fencing of canabkanab so the livestock would not destroy the crops starting a night herd for cattle and horses taxing the residents for construction and maintenance of water ditches removing the corral from the public square and driving the stock around the field to the canyon in addition he was elected to head the organization for the official townsltownsitete of canabkanab to be legalized president of the stockholders of canabkanab tannery and assessor of kane county he was influential in county elections as he nominated city officers for canabkanab in 187718779 and the following year served as chairmanchainman of the caucus for election of two delegates to kane county after being called to labor in1 n salt lake he continued to instruct his two counselors spencer and bunting regarding persons to be nominated in various offleesoffices 22 although a operativecooperativeco store was not established in canabkanab until after nuttall had moved to salt lake he actively encouraged its organization before leaving and directed the nature of its incorporation by correspondence with bishop johnson 23

22 22nuttall22nutfcallnuttailnuttaiiNuttall journal 9.9 august 1 1879187189

231bidaibid 9 august 1 187918796 40

call to work on churchcjaur ch trusteew in trust accounts after the death of brigham young nuttallnuttailnuttaii and his two wives traveled to salt lake to attend the general Ccon-on ference of the church in october 187718770 As the authorities of the church were sustained by the general membership he recorded 1 I never experienced such pleasurable sensations in my life as the voting was progressingprogress ingo tt 4P4 stopping tem- porarilyporarily at provo en route home nuttall was unexpectedly called into meeting with abraham 000oo smoot president of utah stake wilford woodruff and erastus snow he recorded bro woodruff eenfornaednforywd me that I1 was wanted at salt lake city to assist himself bros esnowE snow & jos PF smith as the auditing committee of the Ttrusteerustee in trusts accornaccountsaccounts and books commencedomeommendemenee forthwith 0 0 0 I1 asked fforor 11 anthonthmonthM to take my family hhonehomeome andand regulate matters at hohomeaffiennieffie but presttaylorPrestpresi taylor hadho d insisted on the matters being commenced rightri7ght away25away23 displaying great faith in his church leaders nuttall sent his family on the long journey to canabkanab and returned immediately to the church headquarters in saltsait lake city this was the beginning of several difficult long assignments in the church offices away from family and stake responsibilities the first mission ended nine months later in june in april of the next springspringe 187918719918719.9 he was again

24letter24letter to william D johnsonjohns on augustaugpust 21 18601880 25 nuttall journal october 13 1887 41 requested to return to salt lake to assist in the same work from this time until his release as stake president in 18841884.18814 practically all of his administration was accomplished by correspondence as he was unable to visit personally in the area except for a few occasions 26

the year after first being called to salt lake 9 nuttallnuttailnuttaii went on a sixsixweeksweeks tour of the mormon communities in arizona in company with orson frattsprattpratts lorenzo snow erastus snow and john toT taylor of the council of twelve apostles plus a few other menmenomono reporting on the tour to the deseret news nu gave an k in several lengthy articles ttallatallnuttallnuttaii optimistic view of conditions in arizonaarlzoarizonaoarizonanArizonao on november 252 he wrote from canabkanab there are many desirable places for homes for faith- fulfu1 latterlatterdaydaysaintsday saints who will devote their lives 1 to lengthen the cords and strengthen the stakes of zion 27 at a conference held in canabkanab on the return route to salt lake the speakers all commented on the progress made in the settlementsettlements special mention was made of the

26history26 history of canabkanab stakestaketshaket 18781884l878l884o1878188401878 1884 nuttallnuttailnuttaiinutfcall is named as being present at onlyfouronly four of the thirteen confer-c onfer ences held between june 9 1881871878 and the saasadesamsambsame day in 1884188491884.9 according to the manuscript history he was present in june and november 1.1 1878 november 1881 0 and september 1883 on the first date above he reported thehe brethren at canabkanab had recently built 1700 rods of fence enclosed about 1100 acres of land and concluded about four miles of water ditch the young peoples associations were in a flourishing condition as well as the sunday and day schools1schools 1

0 27deseretdeseret hewsnewnewss november 1878 42 t commodious new brick school which had been recently completed 28 it was a great strain to be in salt lake city away from family and loved onesbonesooneso to elizabeth lo10L john said for I1 am heartily sick of being here and more especially sincsinesincee I1 left you in proveprovo to go home without me but iwillawillI1 will do my best and trust in the lord you ask me to pray for you I1 never forget you inln my prayers9prayers t299 one of very few expressions of despair stands out during the october of 1879 when nuttallsmutfcallNuttallsailsalis family left him alone in salt lake city after a visit from kanabkanabakanabo

0 0 feeling much depressed in spirits as I1 would rather havebave continued south to see my folks hortehomehorne in safety & all the children there also atteattendattenos8sa some duties in a stake capacity that are much needed during this fall he talked with president taylor about returning to canabkanab on at least three occasions at me me con- ffirst 9 after hearing he said he would like to tinue fforor the present if I1 could only feel to do so but gave me no satisfaction as to the time I1 shall be needed here next erastus snow encouraged nuttallnuttailnuttaii to plan on permanent residence in canabkanab ten days laterlatero however president taylor explicitly stated he must not return to

abide281biibided see also october 151 19 and 30 1878 and november 1 b of the same neariyeariyear 29letter29Letter to elizabeth nuttallnuttailnuttaii octoberoct ober 2121p 18790187189 nuttailnuttaii30nuttall30 nuttall journal n october 12 1879187189 43 canabkanab before arranging the office affairs and would be released from stake leadership if it would be necessary 31 it was at the height of this period of anxiety when nuttall wrote the following to erastus snow who was visiting in southern utah I1 cannot personally present these things to prest taylor any more foforceableforceforeeforceablyfoncercearlyceablyably than I1 have done and have felt from our conversation while here and just before you left for home to rely on your explaining natters when in the south so that he could take it up and consider it as you represent the emergency although it seemed that you did say and do perspersonally0nallynaily all that could be said or done when here it was with this view that I1 telegraphed you to please telegraph him direct so that if favorable action is had I1 can make the necessary arrangements to meet you as you suggest I1 feel to be in your hands and the hands of the priesthood willing to be used to the best goodgoodagoodg and desirous to meet and fill the requirements placed upon one by those whose right it is to direct ft I1 do not want to be considered as murmeringmurmuringmurmering or that I1 was not in the right place but these stake matters do have weight on my mindsmind and I1 feel the responsibilities of them 0323232.32 one sees a great loyalty in nuttallnuttailnuttaiinufctallss character as heho is torn between two areas of responsibility despite the unfavorable circumstances he continued writing to snow in the same letter whatever steps you may feel to take will be acceptable to me and all favors and many kindnesses received at your hands are gratefully appreciated n33tt33 he

31nuttall31nnufctall31 nuttaiiNuttall journal 11 october 2 10 and 20 1879 32letter32letter to erastus snow october lbib1414.ll11 1879 331bidle331ibidbidlebidie 44 remained in salt lake 34 the last years of his administration were difficult as the communal group in dervilleordervilleOr experienced misunderstandings and divisions arose in the stake several members withdrawing from dervilleordervilleOr made it difficult for those who remained to prosper bunting saw this cause of trouble in january of 1882 as he wrotewrotesprotes we have been visiting most of the wards and districts of this stake of zion and knowing your interest in the welfare of the saints we take this opportunity of reporting to you 10 4 we now feel it to be our duty to speak plainly of matters in dervilleordervilleOr there is quite a difference of opinion and feeling between us and the board of dire-direc- torsctorborss of the UCTJO150 we are sorry to say some of the members are becoming dissatisfied and drawing out of the order ininconsequenceconsequence of the pressure that is being brought upon the people who are very destidostidestitutetutetube of underclothing furniture and cooking utentials icaic7sicasic7 etcetceecce etc we called the board of directors together and spent several hours with thethemm trying to get them to see the necessity of giving attention to advice and suggestions made to them by the apostles and the presidency of the stake bro spencerspencereer has been suggesting to the bp and board of directors fforor a year or more past to make things a little more safe and comfortable at homehorae to try and keep the different branches of home industry going and not spread too and too far but riono notice is fast 35 taken and no attention paid to these Matmattersterseterso 0 Is

220314twotwo years latelaterr nuttailnuttallnuttaii gave expression to the same feelingfee ling he stated to bishop williwilliamam johnson 1 I do not know at prespresentpresantent when I1 shall be releasedre ieasedsod to return home as I1 am kept quite busy and nothingnot ng satisfactorysa ti s factory Is said to that effect at least in my presence yet I1 am not without hopehopee tl letter to william D johnson april 30 1881 letten35letter35letter from joseph L buntingBuntingo january 2020420.4 188218820 45 nuttall still believed that the order should continue as he stated later the same year unity of action among the saints must be en courafzedcouragedcoucouragerraged especially at dervilleordervilleOr for they have started in an experiment which must be maintained they have donedone exceedingly well and struggled against adversity and powers of the destroyer and are now becomingbecoming compar- atively camfcomfcomfortableortableoptable appears a more spirit 36336.36 it liberal might exist 0 during these troubled times at Ordervilleordervllleorderville additional pressure was put on nuttall to visit the stake as a flood came sweepingswe eningeDing down the canabkanab canyon and the county election results were unfavorable for the Morcormonsmormonsmons bunting wrote to nuttallnuttailnuttaii on sunday last just as the people were coming from ward meeting in the afternoon a tretremendiustremendousfcremendiusmendius llefisafis7lie flood of water suddenly rolled down the canabkanab kanyon sweeping every thing before it that stood in the gaywaywawayewayoyo you can form some little idea of the magnitude of the flood when I1 tell you it filled the kanyon reaching from cliff to cliff spreading over on both sides of the old creek channel to a stencedistencediscencedi of i of a mile and when it reached the field below town it was from 3 to 41 feet deep and covered the entire bottom and sweeping away nearly all the wheat raised in the upper field as it stood in the shoorshockshook the hay and meadow held in the field and all 03737 canyon isla completely covered up 0 4 nephi johnson from canabkanab commented on the flood and elections as he stated we have just completed our ditchditoh which the late flood washed away at a cost of about twelve hundred dollars and people are now gathering in their grain and

36aletter3letter36letterLetter to howard 0 spencer and joseph lo10L bunting june 30 1882

37letterjfletterJf37 Letter from joseph L buntingBuntingstingo august 606 188318839 46 hay that was left by the flood on election did not go off as quietly as usual certain parties at canabkanab mt carmel glendale and upper canabkanab got up what they call an opposition ticket as they scratched off a portion of the names of those who were nominated by the countcountyy convention for county officers and placed other names in 3gfficers3.3 their place 0 0.0 being enabled to visit the canabkanab area in september of 1883 nuttall met with spencer and settled claims of three men who were leaving the order alalthoughthourhthough making settlement was difficulty nuttall formulated a plan which was accepted by the dervilleordervllleordervilleOr congregation as the future procedure for determining the amount of property each leaving party was entitled to inherit on departure A committee of three members was to be chosen each year to take an inventorinventory7 on the first of january and determine the total assets of the order ten per cent was deducted in favor of the order for expenses losses were subtractsubtractededs and improvementsimprovementsmenta added to the total value of community propertyproperty3939 bishop thomas chamberlain of dervilleordervilieordervilleonderOrderOr vilieville wrote to nuttall the next year informing him that so many people were leaving the order it was seriously decreasing their movable stock he explained plans to sell all the property to the stockholders except the factory sheep and sheep ranches tannery and saw mill because as he explained it the situation does not give satisfaction those who leave will

3838letter3wletterLetter from nephi johnson august i9ia17p 1883 nuttailnuttaii39nuttall39 nuttall JournalJourjournalljournelljournalsjournal1nailnallnaly it1 september 11 and 12012 188318830 47 continue to keep those who stay in straightened circumstances and will not give satisfaction to either party jaj01140 As late as april 28 1884 president john taylor encouraged the order to continue but then advised dissolution in 1885iqqy a year after L john was released from president of the stake all the property was auctioned off to the stockholders except the tannery woolen factory and sheep enter- prises which were left in hands of the unincorporated company until 1889 when they were sold1soldisoldasold41 although nuttall made very few comments in regard to his personal relationship with general stake membership it appears that a close bond of friendship existed with them these feelings were expressed as he visited the area after being called to labor in salt lake city in 1877 on christmas eve of this year a program was held in his honor at canabkanabkanabe after being escorted from his home with his two wives and children to the meeting house by bishop johnson nuttall stated on our arrival at the door thetlletile assembly arose to their feet in welcome bp johnson stated the object of the gathering and expressed aparapprappreciationeciation in behalf of all present I1 responded in acknowledge ment of the good feelings expressed and now made manifestmanire st thanked and blessed them after which sisterslater lucy johnson read a poem composed by herself for the occasion the house was as well filledfillod as I1 ever saw

40letter40letter from thomas chamberlain august liplliky11 188418840 arrington41arrinpt6nparrlngton p 37 48 it and a goodly number present who I1 had not seen out for a long time at the head of the hall my like- ness was placed over a prominent motto god riessblessbiessplesspiess our president tt a good spirit drevailed42prevailedprevailed4242

coming back to canabkanab in 1881 fforfonor a short visit 9 nuttallnuttailnuttaii wrote ttlitin met many of the saints who expressed their pleasure at meeting me 1143 this good relationship was marred in one way as tthethohe canabkanab irrigation company sold part of Nuttnuttallsnufctallallsailsalis stock to pay delinquent assessments he believed that the company had dealt unfairly in his absence but he could not travel to canabkanab at this time while he was in retirement with president taylor to evade the federal officers on charges of polygamypolygamy4444 A change in the canabkanab stake leadersleadershiphip occurred in september of 1883 and january of the next year As nuttallnuttailnuttaii visited canabkanab on the former date haH 0 spencer and Jjaj9 L bunting signedrresignede their posi- titionsons as counscounselorselors to L john nuttall who had for some time spespentnt most pff his time at the presidentpresidents office in salt lake Citycity04olfcy4504

4242nuttall42uuttallnuttaiiNuttall journaljournalsjournal11 december 2421 1878187 8

431bidibid novemberNoverabernaber 16 188118810 o 44notice441inotioe44 notice canabkanab irrlirrigationatlon company april 13 and 1915 1887 box 3 folderfoiderpolder 30 otherejtherethere are two notinoticescesecesooese the first states an assessmassessmentent of 17904 on stock valued at 10000 the second notice gives an assessment of 9500goo900950095.00 on field water stock valued at 02460002460024600. 451thistory45m history of canabkanab stakestakes september 9 1883 49 soon after the first of the year edwin doD woolley was set apart as the second president of the stake because nuttallnuttailnuttaii for some time past has been engaged in a very responsible position in the church at salt lake city where his labors were still neodedd&tneededanee dedA on january 9 1884188 when nuttallnuttailnuttaii was released from stake leadership his wives and children were all in salt lake city except fforor his oldest son 9 leonard john then twentyfivetwenty five years old he remaromaremainedined with his family in canabkanab to run the farm until 1887 when he moved to salt lake city 47 to work antheontheon the templetempleftempledtemple47temptempie lef

461bid461bidibid january 9 1884 7interview471nterview4 with annie euttanuttallnuttaii11 baker may 24125124 1962 mrs baker is the oldest child of leonard johnjohnj and oldest grandchild of lo10L john CHATERCHAPTER IV

SECRETARY TO PRESIDENT JOHN TAYLOR

A judicialjudtud 1 c i a 1 crusade in utahtitlitlib ah when nuttall assumed the duties of secretary at the church offices in 1879 thee first in a series of federal acts opposing polygamy had been passed the wave of the judicial crusade crescendocrescendoeded to a high peak in the 1880ts1880 when two discriminating lawselaws5laws the edmunds and edmundstuckeredmunds tucker acts were passed disfranchising the church members replacing territorial officers by a federally appointed fivemanfive man commission and incorporatingdisdisincorporating the church although it appears ostensibly that the cause of the campaign by the federal government against the church was polygamy historians writing on the subject see deeper reasons dr richard D poll states it must be noted that polygamy was not the only factor which produced friction between the mormons and their gentile non mormon contemporaries perhaps it was not even a major one particularly in the minds of those directly interested in promoting national con- cern over the mormon question i1

lrichardarichardlRichardlehardrichard D poll the twin relics a study of mormon polygamy and the campaign byb the government of the united states for its abolition lk521821890182 189018901 unpublishedun utaiutaishodubalubai shedshod mastermastenmasters thesis texas christian university 1939 p 6060 500 511 polygamy made its appearance as ariartan issue on the american political scene after being made a part of the republican platform accepted in june 18618561896 part of this platform read re solvedresolved that the constitution confers upon congress sovereigns overeignrereign power over the tarritoriesterritoriesTarri tories of the united states for their government and that in the exercise of this power it iiss both the right and the imperative duty of congress to prohibit in the territories those twin relics of barbarism polygamy and slaveryslavery22 six years later being a decade after the mormons made public their belief in the practice of plural marriage the first legislation against it was passed by the national government in the antiantibigamybigamy or morrill act of 18621862. this law defined bigamy as a crime punishable by not more than 900goo50000 three years imprisonment or both although president lincoln signed the bill no effort was made to enforce it and the provisions of the bill itself prohibited its ability to be enactedenacted33 no convictions were made against the mormons until after the second law was passed opposing them the poland act of 187418740 o restricting the powers of lorllornlocalal courts and abolishing the offices of territorial marshal and attorney generalgeneralygeneradyGene ralsraisraly this law paved the way for mormons to be indicted

2platform of the republican party adopted at philadelphia june 17 1861856 quoted in kirk hoH porter edoedyedp na parpan new 48 nationaltlonationa 1 parpzllatformstjplateplatformathorma york 1928 P ppo 484.8 3see33eeasee poll p llyliy115119 for a thorough discadiscussiondiscussionassion of the provisions of this act 2 in territorial courts of utah the mormon people saulsawsaursavr this act as a violation of the right to trial by juryajury a right to be tried by onesone peers both the mormons and gentiles desired that the

legality of the antiantibigamybigamy law be testedtestedoY and as four saints were arrested in 1874187184 george reynolds private secretary to president brigham young who was indicted by the third district court of salt lake city voluntarily appeared before the aidaldsaidsalds court 4 after the supreme court of the territory of utah dismissed his case on ground of the jury being called illegally he was indicted a second time in october of the next year on this occasion the territorial court upheld the decision of the district court and an appeal was made to the united states supreme courtcourto when the case was adjudicated to the surprise of the Morcormonsmormonsmons chief justice morrison R waite upheld the decision of the territorial court and the legality of the antiantibigamybigamy law of 1862 by his decision in january 187951879.5 the mormons had justified the breaking of the morrill act in believing that it would be declared unconstitutional by the supreme court As this basic premise was shattered in 1879 reasoning changed among the saints as many believed it a lesser transgression to break the laws of the land than covenants made with god

8 eroberts4roberts Vaqvq .9 roberts IV 5859958895999 51bidsibid 442 9 468470468 470 533

assignments s iani&nnentment as secdecrsecr detaryretarye tar v to0 president johnlaylorjohn laylortaylor two months before reynolds was to leave fforor imprison- 06 ment in lincoln nebraska 9 nuttall received a telegram from erastus snow saying pres taylor as wellwoll as ourselves think 7 you had better come as soon as convenient 0 upon arriving in salt lake city from canabkanab nuttallnuttailnuttaii was informed by snow that he was called to audit the trustee in trust accounts for the past year and draft a new system for keeping tracktraclel of tithing and general church businessbusinessobus inesso it appears however that there were additional reasons for his being called to salt lake city for as reynolds was leaving pres taylor directed geo reynolds to inform elder lo10L john nuttall as to the business of the presidents and trustee in trust offices

0 should he ffreynoiReynolreynoldjseynoids7reynoldjrdisdjs not receive executive clemency in 118p his case now before prest hayes and be called tto0 go away two days later nuttallnuttailnuttaiinutHut talltaiitail for the first tirnefcimescime fl attendedflattended the duties of the office as private secretary to frestprest taylortayloratayloro tt he wawass to associate closely with the leading council of the church during the judicial crusade described above this

ajen6jenjensons on I1 2092090 jenson stated that after reynolds left by train for the state penitentiary in lincoln nebraska on june 17170 he servedserved fforor only a short time therethereotherdo he was allowed to finish his sentence in the utah state penitentiarypenitentiaryo nuttailnuttaii7nuttallnuttall Journjournalalqalgaig apriapril1 2222y 187918790 8 bibid8ibidibid june 14 189018790 54 being one of the greatest crises of the organizationorganizationsorganizationts ts history it was 1892 before he was released as secretary two years after the church bowed to the authority of the government by issuing an official declaration generally calledca lied the woodruff manifestomanifesto99 commencing his work for john taylor at the church headquarters nuttallnuttaiinuttail became intimately associated with the man who had baptized him in england over twentyfivetwenty five years earlier very liberal in his views also very correct as to his policy of conducting affairs not moving in haste but careful and sure and safessafe tilo10 were the words describing president taylor immediately after L john began his new assignment his first work in salt lake consisted of auditing the books over which he found itattaa feeling of insecurity by the auditing coatycomty & prest taylor as the mannermanner in which the church books & accounts are kept &c the necessity of a more thorough system 11 before beginning his work nuttallnutballnutnub ballbali recommended that each department of the church offices take

9doetrinedoedoc trine and C ovenantscovenantsove nants salt lake city church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints 4 1960 apppapp 262726256257256 27257 besides denying charges that plural marriages had recently been herforperforperformedmed by the church president woodruff assured that none would be solemnizesolemnizedd in the future and that he would use his influence to persuade members of the church to follow the same course inuttall10nuttall10 nuttaiiNuttall journal october 19 1877 ilhlbidilibidIbid may 8 1879187189 55 an inventory and begin a more adequate system of bookkeeping this was accomplished rapidly as he received cooperation from bishop hunter and other members of the staff many hours were spent by nuttaiinuttallnuttail locating original deeds for church property 12 for at this time the estate of the late president brigham young was in disputed L spute resulting from a suit against the church and president taylor as trustee in trust for the corporation of tl-thee church by some dissatisfied heirs nuttallnuttaii also assisted in miscellaneous ways for the prepreparatipreparationparati on of a counter suit by the church 131qaq beginning in august 187918790

C L john met regularly with the council1 of the twelve apostles of the church keeping their official minutes in this work he was conscientious to a degree that some of the brethren considered him officioofficioususi nuttall not being present at a wetingmeting of the council when this charge was made reported that erastus snow defended him as speaking only when it was necessary so that proper action might be taken tolivetogiveto give the facts 1fl41 A very close bond existed between nuttall and president taylor father of sophia johnsjohntsjohn second wife he reported many conversations with the president both at the

nuttaiinuttallnut12nuttall12 nuttailnuttaiiNuttallHuttalltali journal n april 5 26 and 30 187818780 13roberts13 roberts IV 524924243152453105310 the settlement was reached during the latter part of 1879 nuttaiinuttail14nuttall14 nuttall journal october 6 1889 56 officeoffice and in his home where he also enjoyed many social gatherings attending stake conferences with president taylor and the other leaders was almost thebheuhe rule rather than an exception as nuttall accompanied him to most stake centers and individual wards in utah some of which were visited several times

council of fifty historically speaking nuttall wrote an important letter to george 0 cannon in 18601880 while the latter was in washington DC dear brotherbrothers at the last meeting of the council of apostles the propriety of calling together the council offiftyof fifty was considered on inquiring aass to the where- abouaboutsts of the records and names of the members it was understood that you have the custody thereof upon which I1 was directed to write to you for suchsuchsueh information as put the possessionposs ess of reeoreco s pre- will council in ionlon said recordsig1 paratory to calling the members together 0 0 A second letter also to brother cannon acknowledged the receipt of the requested information dear brother yours enclosing the key of small box came safely tobo hand we have also obtained the box and records in good shape lt 16 three days afteaffaaffcaateerr the second letter was writwrittenteno nuttall recorded in his journal we went this morning with eldereider F doD richards at his office and examined the records of the

15letter15letter to george Q cannon march 3 1880 16letter16letter to george cannon march 20 188018809 57 council of 500 or kingdom of god and made out lists of members now living 17 nuttall must have joined this council in 1880 as it was reactivated for the surviving minutes of the organ- izationization dated april 10 1880 listed him as one of the new 18 rnembersmembers nuttall demonstrated a great capacity to sacrificesacr iliceifice for the cause he believed to be most important in life the building of the kingdom of god 19 his strong belief in this cause

171nuttallitt171 nuttailnuttaiiNuttall journal march 29 188018801 18 w lmlnutes18minutesMinutes of the council of fifty april 10 188018800 o because of the important part this council played in the economics and politics of the history of the mormon church there has been considerable interest by historians to study its functions its influence however has remained somewhat of a mystery because neither the minutes nor many records are available especially after 1849184.9 the nuttall papers give valuable informationinformsinforma tion as they pick up the records again in 1880 see klaus hansen the theory and practice of the political kingakingdkingdomom of god in morrionmormon history 1829189018291829001890111890 ununpu-pub blished Mastkastermastermastersmastertserts thesis brigham young university 19919591959. p0paP 97097 irhe9rhe19the mormonistnormormonstMormormonsnon monsT literal interpretation of the bible accepts the biblical prophecy in the second chapter of daniel regarding the establishment of a kingdom of godgod on the earth before the advadvente nt of christ as a tantangiblegible organization the council of fiftfiatfiftyY orgongorganizedanizelanized in 184418441 was the agency through which the saints hoped to establish this kingdom over which jesus christ would eventually reign in person it is not to be confused with the ecclesiastical church organizationorganizations but it is a separate governgovernmentgovernmentsgovernmentementementa in theory there was a separation 11 of church and state but as one writer has stated 0 in spite of all the theortheoriesleslebies of a separation of the political kingdom from the church which seems to have been partly in- spired by the separation of church and statestatisstatlestatie under the consti- tuttutionionlon it is difficult to visualize such secarationparationseparationparation in practical operation hansen p 97 the truth of this statement is verified by the fact that first josephjoseiph smith then brigham young was president of the kingdom and the twelve 588 Is nowhere more clearly shown than as he prayed in a lonely spot in independence missouri where the church had earlier dedicated a lot for future construction of a temple beforebedore the apocalyptical ending of the world 200 nuttailnuttallnuttaii recorded lijalijT offered up my prayer and thanks given for the great privilege of standing on this sasacredcredered ground pray- ing that it might be preserved until the lord should give it to his chosen people to erect thereon a holy temple to his name my soul was filled withwi th JOjoyy4ya and a desire to live to see that day when zion shall triumphdifredbfre1 these deep religious convictionconvictionsconvictionspsp plus a sense of loyalty to the church leaders enabled nuttallnuttaiinuttail to doggedly pursue his course as a member of the council of fifty and secretary to president taylor and wilford Woodruffwoodruffgoodruff through deprivation of family friends and the comforts of a home as the church was directed by leaders in retirement for six years

apostles were influential members therefore in reality the power of the priesthood that governed the church also controlled the state the constitution of the kingdom similar to the united states constitution was patterned after a revelation reported by joseph smith it was babaseds ed on pure law4hichlaw which he believed wouldwo uad1d be taught by the priespriesthoodthoo d in the church and eventually through peaceful means would become inde- pendependentht according to president young speaking after the saints had been in salt lake valley for eleven years we have a nation here in the mountains that will be a kingdom by and bvby and be governed by pure law and principles what do you call yourselves some naymay ask here are the people of the kingdom of god it may be some time before the kingdom is fully developed but the time will come when the kingdom of god will reigreignn free and independent u brigham young journaljourna 1 of didiscoursessc ourse s octoberoct oberoben 1881858 9.9 p 3295329 20the lot was dedicated by joseph smith august 3933.9 1831 slnuttall21nuttallSl21 nuttailnuttaiiNuttall journal rt january 2 1890iago t 9 the council of fifty played an important role in the history of the mormon exodus to utah president young stated it was organized to devise the best manner to settle our people in some distant and unoccupied territory where we could enjoy our civil and religious rights as well as obtain redress for wrongs inflicted by the federal government and study the foundation of true principles of govern mentment122122 the councilcouncils influence did not diminish after the saints settled in the great basin for its domination over territorial government was pronounced dr james R darkhankclarkmank stated that it was

4 the policymakingpolicy making body of the kingdom of god it was the body from which policies for the civil government 0ofpmmen6 n on the earth were to emanate it was the policymakingpolicy making body the legislature of the state of deseret was the legislative agency required to put these policies into lawslaw e it is difficult to determine the extent of nuttailnuttalsNuttallnuttalltsNuttalsaists activities as a dual member in territorial capacities and the council of fifty as only three of his letters 24 two being

22briahambrigham youngyoun history of Brigbrighamhain young millen-mi lienilen 1844 james R 4 32 nial1 4 1 star P 320 as quoted in darkclarkmark the kingdom of god the council of fifty and thetiiethle state of deseret utah historical quarterlyrterlysterly april 1981958 p ikoibo14010 23clark23 clark p ibiibl141ibleibie1410 24nuttall24nuttailnuttaiiNuttall wrote a letter to bishop johnson of canabkanab in which he said in regardregard to the admission of more members to the 0 L I1 do not think it would be advisable at present in a short titimeme we may organize anotheranoanotherptherptherytheny ththenn changes and other admissions may be made what instructions you may have 60 previously cited page 566 mention the body or allude directly to it his appointment as a candidate for the ter- ritritorialorial superintendent of district schools for utah in 1881 as john taylor resigned to be discussed later 9 and his sudden emergence in the world of corporation directorships after 1879 givegl v6va credence to the fact that the council members entered important areas of territorial activities speaking of the dual position many members hadbad in various civic offices dr clark stated this system of interlocking chairmanships and diree tortorshipsworshipsships permitted the council of fifty or the general council to know what each of the agencies of government civic political economic or educationale ducat lonalional was planning and to influence their decisions without having identical personnel in the governing bodies of all these civil agencies of governmentgovernments25 As late as 1877 nuttall asked president john taylor if there was some employment in salt lake city as he was 26 anxious to work and earn hlazaezyehl7sl own living this work came two years later as he was elected as one of the eight directors of ziontszion savings bank and trust company and chairman of the election of stockholders for the same institution at the request of president taylor he became a director of to impart to those brethren named can be donedione in the usual manner 1tat letter to william D johnsonjohns on january 5 188118810 25 clank25clarkclark p 14414410

26t nt 18770 nutnuttallnuttaiinuttallkuttallnuttaiiKuttalltaiitali journal 4 october 10 1877 61 bullion beckbeek and champion mining company later the same year he was eleceleeelectedted to the executive committee of the Deseredeseretdeserefcfc telegraph company 277 Nuttnuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttallsallsailsalis continued direction of economic developments and elections in kane county after he moved to salt lake city occurred logically as president of the canabkanab stake as well as a member of the council of fifty in 18601880 he assisted william D johnson bishop of canabkanab in establishing 28 the first operativecooperativeco storestore in canabkanab he working in conjunction with erastus snow who was living in st george continued to influence the course of elections in the county 299 injn 1881 he wrote to howard 000oo spencer As regards your first experience in1 meeting in convention to select names to be put in nomination for our offices when our brethren will work for the general good and leave self out of the question a better tatestates of affairs will exist on such occasionoccasionsso suggest the leadingloading brethren select goodgoodagood5 efficient reliable menraen represent themthem300O As late as 1887 three years after being released from the position of stake president nuttall still influe- nced economic activities as he directed correspondence with

271bid 214 ibid september 252 l89i1879f march 24 and september 16516 1881

28letters28letters to william D johnson june 28 and august 21521 1880

29letter29Letter to erastus snow july 8 15801880138011 30letter30Letter to howard 000oo spencer august 27 1881 62 ZCMI in salt lake city and advised them not to finance a second general operativecooperativeco store in canabkanab 3131.31

retirement of the churchchurchlqqdqrsleadersleedersleadens

the severe edmunds act of 1882 besides attaching pen4mpe- nalties for plural marriage barred a polygamist or one living in habitationcohabitationco with more than one woman from holding any public officerofficeooffice declared all territorial offices vacantbacantovacanto and placed the duties under a fivefivemanman commission appointed by the federal government thus the mormon hold on the territorial government through elective offices was fatally weak- ened believing that the government was violating the right of freedom of worship by unconstitutional laws however the church leaders were determined not to abandon their cause after the edmunds law was passed president cannoncannons remarks revealed the brethrenbrethrens determination it is this principle of freedom we are determined to maintain we shallshalishailshallcontendcontend for it to the very uttermost as long as life remainsremainsoremanema inso we cannot re- nounce our religion we cannot throw it aside we cannot tratrampleMP le upon the commandments of god but we can endure the penalty of obeying godtsgod law even if it be imprisonment it is part of the ntractocontractco we know what others we had to endure for the religion of jesus 9 and if expect to obtain the same glory as they we must be prepared to endure the same consequencesconsequences3232 the first presidency was equally set on avoiding

go 3lletter from toT a webber Febfebruarfebruaryruar 16r 8 1887e188 3232george32qeorgeGeorge 0 cannon journal of discoursediscourses s junejuneo 188218821 p 44 63 arrest or fighting with the federal authorities by choosing to lead the church while in0 hiding two members of the presidency of the church brothers john taylor and george cannon went into retirement on february 1 1885188 33 while joseph F smith second counselor was in the hawaiian islands B H roberts stated that the exiled party consisted of john taylor george Q cannon L john nuttallnuttailnuttaii as secretary and charles 34 H wilkins as guard but nuttall lists a fifth person H C Barrellbarrell3barrellabarrell35353 president taylortaylortsTaylorts description of the administrationadministrations travesty on law revealed his justification for avoiding federal authorities he answered the question what would you do would you resent these outrages and break the heads of the men engaged in them and spill their blood no avoid them as much as you can whatwhetwhallwhatl I1 wonityouwon rouyou submit to the dignity of the law well wouldiwouldI1would1 if the law would only be a little more dignified but whenn we see the ermine bedraggled in the mudMUd and mire and eveveryevenyeryeny principle of justice violated it behooves men to taketalce care of themselves as best they may but when men tamper with your rights and with your liberties when little children are set in array against their fathefathersrs and mothers and women and children are badgered before courts and made to submit 19 when such conditions of affairs

33letter33Letter to daniel H wells may 19 1885188 nuttallnuttailnuttaii states that retirement technically began for cannon and himself on janujanuaryary 20 as they were obliged to remain concealed in the church office building until the evening of february 1 0.0 1885188

34roberts34Roberts IV 1240121 3513lnuttall351nuttallnuttailnuttaiiNuttall journal t february 11pap 1888 64 exist it Is no longer a land of liberty and it Is cer- tainly no longer a land of equal rights and we must take care of ourselves as bbest6tat we can and avoid being caught in any of their tratrapse0pstps5 nuttall gave more light on the attitude of the church leleadersleadensadersadens toward avoiding federal officers in hiding as he wrote to brother daniel H wells in liverpool england thespirittheTh spiriteSpirit plainly manifested that these brethren should keep out of the hands of the enenemyemyaemyp for the present at leastleast there has not been one day frfromom that time to the present but what we have been enabled to attend to the general dutiedutledutiess just as though we had been in the office with the exception of conversing orally with the brethren and holding public meetings we have not feltitfeltiefeitfelt it as any disgrace to hide from the fury of the storm while it rages and while we can be so blessed as we have been we also feel undismayed at the prospects before us 37 the prospects before nuttallnuttailnuttaiihutfcall were not pleasant however he suffered traumatic experiences at the death of president taylortaylon after 1887 his health was so poor he found it necessary to leave the territory for more freedofreedommp and hiding was so essential that he found it necessary to remain completely concealed from his children at least on two occasions while they were playing on the lawn in front of the home where he was staying

deathpeath of ndeerennePre siaidentaldentdent tataylor71or it is difficult to trace the activities of nuttailnuttallnuttaii for the first twentyninetwenty nine of the thirty rdonthsrtonfchs in exile

36deseret36deseret hewsnews february 25325 1885188 aletter7letter37letter373 Letter to daniel hoH weliswellswellsowellsp may 19 18818850 656 before the death of president john taylor in 1887 for no journal is available for the period january 1885188 to junesjune 1887 the diary of samuel batemanBatbatemannemansemann guard to president john taylor whose account begins in august 1886 and continues until the death of the president in july of the next yearyears inowin- dicates that nuttall spent considerable tirretime with the exiled partyperty as his name occurs twentytwotwenty two times from september 5J 1886 to june 24aksavs 1887 where nuttallnuttaiinuttailnuttallts ts account commences againagaln3again3838 it is clear that nuttall spent the last month comoomcomeooms pletelyplete17plemely with president taylor at the home of thomas fefo rouche in kaysvillewaysvillekaysvillesKays villevilles utahutahs writing correspondence and administering to his needs the agony of nuttailnuttaiiNuttallnuttallsnuttalltsNuttallsailsalists beloved leader is vivid and pathetic as he traces his physical condition each day despite the Presipresidentspresidenttspresldentts weaknessweaknesso nuttall commentedoommented on hishtahia tironiron will early in july and stated as they saw sosomeme men approaching the house who were thouthoughtthougittogIttoto bebetbei federal spies 1 that the president shoutshouteded tisitstandstand them ofoftoff f boys standthemstand them off we have our rights and will maintain them 397 but hiihishik

35 Ddiaryiary of samuel batemanbateman111ttl111 MS copy in brighaminbrigham young univ6ritylibrarysuniversity library provolproveprovo august 26s26 1886 to june dij2ij 1887 typeiwrittypewrittenteneteno it is interesting to note that although nuttallNuttalltailtalit didiaryr indicates he was with the presidentpr e sidehtf s partyparty continually after june 240p4021 the bateman recordsreccirdsads makenomake no moremore appreciableaparappreolablebie allusions to him thanbeforethan before nuttallnuttaiinuttallsNuttallsalis diary again picks up ththee record 39hufctall3911 nuttallnuttaii journal 1 l july 1 188718870 66 strength gradually waned during the last part of july until he was confined to his bedbedibedr Correspondcorrespondenceenceenco on church business continued to receive brother taylorTaytaylortslorts personal attention until a few days before his death nufctallsnuttalllts writings reveal that delegations from the apostles visited the home in kays ville at least once each week to attend to urgent affairs nuttallnuttailnuttaii was constantly with president taylor until july 29259 when he failed all afternoon until 5 minutes to 8 0 clock pm when he breathed his lastlastjlasij passing away without a pang or movement of limb his bed was surrounded by his wives marmanmarymanyy 0 andmaggieand magglemaggie Y taylor crestsprests geo Q canncannonon and joseph F smith elders L john nuttall and samuelsamuel batebafcemaneman jamesjames malin III11ILI CG barrell brother & sistesisterr rouche and their daughters josephine & elizabetheilzabethellzabethellizabeth baily all of whom werewore with the residentpresidentIl during his last momentsmomen ts thus passed away one of godssodgod noblemennobMob lemen driven into exile during which time he faithfully stood to his post and performed the labors of his high and holy calling his spirit will have a happy and joyous meeting with his brethren the prophets joseph & brigham & ththoseae who have gone before including his beloved divwiveswiv A& 8e six months after president taylortaylortsTaylortslorisioris demise nuttall still felt the moment of the occasion as he rerecountedC ollnieollnte d three years ago tonight crestsprestspreats taylor & cannon & m- yself went into exile so as to bebelbei able to attend to the duties devolving upon the brethren in the interest of the church many scenes have transpired since that day which will be arittewrittewrittenn by the future histohistorianrian I1 have done bypy the blessing of the lordlordy a good deal towards it41

nuttailnuttaii4onuttallnuttall journaljournalsjournal11 july 252 1887ibb188 4libldibid february 1 1888 67 nuttall buggesuggesuggestedsted that there might have been a way for the church to change the government policy which caused the leaders to retire speaking about a delegation of church authorities who were visiting mexico in search of a place of refuge for pepersecutedrsecuted saints he stated I1 am greatly in hopes that a favorfavorableelbieELble report will be made by these brethrebrethrenn erastuserastus snow brigham young jr john W tayloer7whotayloetaylo7 who are theretherb that & trtruelyUelelyy a city of refuge may be established for the faithful sainsaintst s when the united states find that they have riotnot got us intn a corner and cannot make a prey of us they may see that the businesbubinesbusinesss of crushing out mormonism is not likely to be so successful as they had anticipated and the democratic administration may be made to see that by their policy they are likely to destroy the democratic party norcormonsmormonsmormonsmo s and play into the hands of the republican partyparty42422 on two occasions nuttallnuttailnuttaii considered giving himself up to the courts so he could enjoy his freedom after enduring whatever punishment might be inflicted in both instances hoehoweverhowevero the brethren adviseadvisedd against this move in october 1888 on the first occasion church suits lerewere pending in the territorial courts and in february three years later george

42lelettertterater to william doD johnsonjohnsontjohnsony august 9 18850188 the church did spreadspread to canada and mexico during the judici-judicialal crusade in utahtotahtjtah the firfirstfipst colonist enenteredteredmexicomexico from arizona in luqlqq1885 andand settled in northernNoj thern chihuahua after settlement was made presidentresidentpresident diaz of mexico savegave a delegation from the church apostles permission to settle there and several prosperous settlements were founded soon after william D johnson former ishopbishopB of canabkanab during the seven years nuttall waswa s stake president was called to be the first bishop in mexico over the diaz ward in 1886 these settlements continued until the chaotic government conditions begin- ninginbinginning in igiligli19111911 forcedfodoeroe d the mormons to vacvaovacateateabe the area many have since returned see roberts VI 29242925927259 2427 68

Q cannon and joseph F smith instructed that he must not do it at present nuttallshutfcallsNutt allsalisails recorded thought concerning the matter was this was quite satisfactory to me as I1 hope to be always willing to observe thebheuhe command of my tt43 brethren as I1 have been in the pasicpasfcpastis retirement compelled nuttallnuttell to conceal himself behind a window curtain of homes in saisalsaltsaitt lake city on two dis- tressing afternoons as he saw his children playing on the lawn of the latter experience he wrote I1 saw my two children through the window but they did not see me they have not seen my facracfacee in over a year this is some of the liberty gguaranteeduar ante6d to me by the great maghanimoumagnanimouss nation my own children not permitted to behold my face44faceuv nuttailnuttaiiNuttallnuttalltsnutHuttalltaiitail ts wives visited him occasionally elizabeth from provo and sophia from salt lake city after leonard moved to salt lake city in 1884 elizabeth visited with lo10L o john at his home most week ends annie nuttallnuttailnuttaii baker recalled many occasions when president taylor accomptaccompaccompaniedaciedanied her grandfather to her fatherfathersIs home she reported that brother taylor and nuttallnuttailnuttaii were tigreatt1greatmgreat friends5friends tt455 nuttallnuttailnuttaii lived in many homes for a short time during the early partpart of his exile but resided at the gardo house for most of the

nuttailnuttaii43f nuttalltnuttall journaljournalsjournal11 february 11 1891 44ibid44t Ibid november 11 1888 451nterviewinterview with annie nuttall baker may 2429 1962196201962.0 69 time the last three years of retirementretirements special precau- tions were taken to avoid being seen with sophia and keeping her out of sight to avoid an indictment foiforfox unlawful cohabichhabi tationtationatation6tation46466 in may 1891 nuttallnuttaii gradually let himself be seen in public during this month he attended a sacrament meeting in provo the first one in six years and was overjoyed at the thoughts of being free on july 33yay nuttall talked with hiram B clawson and C H wilkin who assured him he could safe17safely come out of hidinghidingsgidings on his birthday three days later he triumphantly took a train to proveprovo where he found his family uchmuch surprised to see me walking to the house in the day time 47

46 tt nuttaii46nuttallnuttall journal april 19 188918891 ields471bido471ibldsbidebido july 6 1891 CHAPTER V

PRIVATE SECRETARY TO wilfordWMFORDWILFORB WOODRUFF

beginning his work ten days after the death of president john taylor brother george qiQ cannon and wilford woodruff who was then president of the twelve apostlesApost lesiless informed nuttallnuttaiinuttail that he was to take his place as secretary at the office and attend to the business As brother nuttall was broken in health after a confined retirement and needed recuperation he could not fill these duties after visiting sophia in verdaleriverdalerivendaleRi utah and endingspendings P some time in the mountains with elizabeth and children nuttallnuttailnuttaii faundoundfound a way whereby he could be employed and enjoy considerable freedom he was to act as a secretary to john T caine delegate from utah territory and accompany him to washington DCdcodooaco this was his first major assignment as secretary to president woodruwoodruffff

first trtripL to washlwashiwashingtonneton decedecaPDOCOC A thursday evening in november of 1887 nuttallnuttaiinuttail wrote in his journal this evening bro john T caine accompanied by geo A shumway called on me bro calnecaine said that he had some conversation with prest woodruff and cannon about inmyy

70 71 accompanying him tottofcotco washington anandana had come this winter 1 out to see me to learn my mind on the Triatterlattertriattertriastermatter four days later george reynolds brought a letter from the first presidency informing nuttall helielleile was called to go to washington DC with hon john T caine delegate from utah the next day he was set apart for this assignment given a missionary certificate to the eastern states mission and blessed for better health by the presidency of the church he leftloft salt lake city on a baggage car to avoid being seen by federal officers and on the train in woods cross near salt lake city he met mr caine his bifwifeifeelfewifee and edwin GQ woolleyWoolle yp who was also assigned to assist the congressman 2 john T caine was actiaatiactiveve in the eoplepeople s party in utah during the 1870b1870ts and became a delegate from the territor7territory

of utah in 1882 as georbegeorge q 1 cannon was denied a seat becausebeoabebause of practicing polygamy an important phase of his career be-b eem gan as he wadgadwasgas elected chairman of a constitutional convention ata salt lake city in 1887 nuttallnuttailnuttaii accompanied him to washington as calnecaine left to present a memorial for statehood to congress although section twelve of this proposed constitution prohibited the practice of plural marriage withoutwitliout

nie010 a nuttall journaltJourjournaljournaultnalt november 17s17 1887 sjudlth2judith ann roderick itattaA historical ststudyudy of the congressional cardercareercarger of john T calnecaine tt unpublished mastermasteryIs thesis brigham young university 199l1959ipp19591991 IPPPP 7475074747750 differing from nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttallts ts account she states the delegation left in december and that franklin stS richards and william toW riter were in the party 72 further legislation being necessary and nade it impossible tto0 change this provision without the approval of congress 3 the delegation was unable to succeed in achachievingleving statehood 0 nuttall was engaged in letter writing and other Mmi-is- celscellaneouslaneous secretarial work immediately after arriarrivingarrivingiarrsvingi two weeks before thethobhebho memorial for statehood was presentepresenteddo he spoke of gained procedure it was decided to not aresepresepresentnt the presentationpresestatioentatioentatloation of the constitution & memorial at present but the brethren will see as many of the senators as possiblep oss ihleibleihie and learn their views as lvisivisit ls deemed best to present the matter in the senate irst4firstafinstafitis nuttall s writings however reveal no interest in or propensi-prope nsiansi ty for politics as he neglected to make special mnmentionmenttont ionlon about three of the most important happenings on gained trip whowhenn the memorial fforor statehood of utah was presented in the senate by tainecalnecaine when the calnecaine bill appealing for admission of utahubah was introduced or as franklin S richarrichardsds wwasas questioned by a subcommittee in the senate to determine whether the hurchhurehburchchurchG was sincere in its pledge to support a state constitution 5 which outlawed plural marriage 1 one happening caused nuttall to comment antheontheon the political scene in congress this action was a resolution against

eroberts3roberts vioVI 116ilg15511551560161560igge nuttall4nuttallhuttallHut talltailtaii journal 11 december 6 16871887 5seeasee roderick appp 78810JQQI78JQ QI81o for a discussion of cainesbainesoainescainelne Is activities during this trip 73 the church by an antiantlantti mormon fred T duboisdubols republican delegate from idaho nuttallnuttailnuttaii stated mr dubolsdubois made remarks for 16 minutes full of vituperation and falsehoods about the 116 cormonsMormormonsmons 10 on this occasion nuttall also ggaveave his only recorded thoughts about the effectiveness of gained work by writing he COainoainjetaineeaine7setsatjeT was granted unanimous consent to have his remarks printed in the records he received marked attention and a good feeling prevailed soasomsome of the republican members went over to the democratic side so as to be near him to hear his remarks and was willing to give him more time I1 think much goodD for our people will come out of this days workwork7worke nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttallts ts work in washington was suddenly brought to an end in september 1888 he received a telegram to the effecteffe ct 1tt I nuttalsuttalj717 was needed at salt lake immediately 8 and asking if I1 could be spared and when I1 could start in salt lake city he was informed that george 0 cannon was being indicted on charges of unlawful cohabitation and he

6 nuttall Journjournaljournalsjournalqalsaisalq tl august 225p 18880 7ibidibid august 252 1888 speaking of calnencainecalnegainedt s congressional career one writer has said in part due to his consistent work in behalf of his constituents congress was able to secure the passage of only one bill direedirectedte d towards the destruction of the political rights of the mormons during his five successive terms of office the one measure passed was the 1887188 edmundstuckeredmunds tucker act calnecaine should be recognized as one of thetho dominant forces in the eventual achievement of statehood roderick appp 12728127280127 28280 8ttatt 8nuttallnuttallnuttailnuttaii journal septembersepbembor laia15115. 1888 Is 74 9 nuttallnuttaiinuttail was needed at the office to take clannonscannon place 7

dudubputpubtiesbiesblesie s asa s secretaryy t 0 presidentprepne sjlajl d elat woodruff nuttallsNuttalls responsibilities were somewhatsornewhat different under president woodruff than his earlier experiences were with president Taylortaylor while traveling extensively with

woodruff 9 nuttall was after this time leftlej t in charge of managing the offices as the brethren attended the outlying stakes except for some few excursions and a trip with president woodruff to portland oregonoregong for the lattlatteriatterlatterslattertserts healthhealthshealtha the responsibility of signing recommends allowing the saints to enter the st george or logan temple was performed regularly by nuttallnuttaiinuttail as he affixed his signature for the first presidency of the church 10 upon his release from the utah penitentiary george Beyreyreynoldsnolds again worked in the church offices answering correspondence and nuttall continued as before in the position of private secretary to the president11president 11

9findingfinding greater clclemencyemeney under the Ccleveland1eve land administration than formerly several violators of the antiantlantt bigamy lalaww surrendered to federal authorities after forfeiting a bail in 1886 cannon surrendered himself tcto uniteunitedd states mamarshaimarshalhalDerrshalderrs dyery in salt lake citycitytwoolty two dadaysvs after the above tele- gramhaiderwas sent reoereceivingiving a fine of 400045000 and sentence of 17517 days he was released on february 21 18891.889188910 loinin november 1892 this policy was changed sso0 that stake presidents and bishops were the only ones required to sign nuttaiinuttail11nuttall11 nuttall Jourjournaljournalsnalsnaisnalo ll11 october 20 1890018900 75 after amnesty was granted to president joseph F smith in september of 1891 nuttall was given thethemthey direct responsibility of collecting all the official churcchuocchurchh records of the historians office which had beenboenboon concealed during the perse cutioncutionscautionscut ionslonsso heilellelie was to put them in order and seeisaeis6e that there were no gaps in the church historyhi steryostoryo he recorded that the leaders tt expressedttexpressed their entire confidenceconfidehce in my ability to do this as none had been more familiar with this matter and the rec- 1 i p ords than myself tt 12 one example of nuttallsnuttall7sNuttallsalisails assisting the president in an advisory capacity occurred when president woodruff became involved in the investigation of the dispute between thebheuhe hedrikitesHedrikites and the reorganized church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints over possession of a temple lot in jackson county missourimissourio brother woodruff asked nuttallnuttailnuttaii to accompany 13 him to the templeton hotel in salt lake itycityC for a hearinghearings J

121bidibid june 30 18910189110 13thethe Hedrichedrickiteiiedrickitekite church was founded by granville hedrick who had belonged to the mormon church in illinois bebeforefore the dedeathath of jojosephephsmithep smithhSmith but later became connectedconnee ted withVV ith various apostate groups he was chosen as the trubtrue prophet of the church of christ in 18611861 the group purchased a part of the plot of land that joseph smith had designated for thebhe temple site in the faturfuturfuturee city of zion he bellevbelieveded would be builtbulitbuiltobueltoID in 1893 the reorganized churchchanch of jesus christ of latterLattelatterdayrOdayday saints founded in 186018610 by men who had also been membersmeiffloersmoers of the mormon thurchurchchurthunch entered suit against the hedrickitehedrlckitesHedrickite s for possession of the temple lot on grounds that they were the true successors of the original church from which they came the hedrickitesHedric kites were able to keep possession of their titled property 76 after a fforenoonforenoonorenoon of the tritrltrialtriaiailalyall nuttallnuttaiinuttail statedstatedo

0 0 0 rp me heAA rpresidentresidentpresident woodruffwoodruff7askedasked inn regard to the persipersistantpersistentstanT questioning as to presenting revelations received by the prophet josephjo seph smith to bhethebuhe saints for their acceptance etcetcoecco and wondered what they wanted I1 told him they did so for the purpopurposede of provinprovingrf by him that thetche revelation on celestial marri8lfmarriagee was not valid because it had not been accepted by thefcheache saints in his life time and it was not even made publicpublico he was more on his guard in the afternoon and gave them some strong testimonytestlmonyo 141

estateEs tate of presidepresjdepresident nt jojohn tnrlor wilemileuhliewhile in retirement in Kayskaysvillekaysvlllewaysvilleville three weeks prior to his deathdeathsdeathy president taylor discussed his will with his sons george Jjo and john Wwo taylor in company with nuttall and cannon and the first three named became the executors of the estate 0 nuttallnuttailnuttaii recorded that A plot of the same was submitted which had been proposed and linesforlinesiines for an equitable division drawn on the same by bro nuttall 0 0 0 which was examined by thetche president and brethren and the president expressed his approval of the samesamco 151 nuttall wrote several letters to heirs of the estate but it was difficult for him to complete his work as one of the executors wlwimewhilewimame in hiding and laboring in washington DC part of the timetimeo there is no indication that he was able to perform much additional work to that which was accomplished

w0wa nuttaii14nuttall14 nuttall journaljournalsjournal11 march 21 1892

1.1 ay .9 18 1I layiop ju1yV 3 9 1887870 77 two or three months immediately after president taylors death until november of the next yearyonan when ao bracebruce taylor one of the heirs filed a motion on the probate court in salt lake city to have nuttallnuttailnuttaii released from his executorshipexecutorsexecutorshipohipo taylor affirmaffirmededeedo

0 0 0 that L john nuttallnuttaiinuttail is incompetent to act as such executor for the reason that he iiss on the under- ground and is in concealment to avoid the serviceservi ce onn him of criminal process from the court of this disdistrictstriet that the oftenseoffense that the said john Llo10 nuttallnuttailnuttaii sicailcliesic7 is charged with as affiant is informed and believeflsbelieves fsas the crime of polygampolygamypolygamyoyo that the said john lcL nuttalnuttaiinuttall 1 by persons interested in the said estate except by previously arranged meeting in some secret plapiaplacede andand only afteaateafterr much delaydelayo that said john lo10L nuttallhasnuttailnuttaiiNUttall has wron- gfully negienegleneglectedctedacted said estate and has long neglected to perfoperformrm any suchsuehsuch act asa s such executor wherefore affiant asks that powers of said executor be suspended and that he be cited to appearlndappear and show cause why his letters should not be revokedrevoredorevokedorevokedo 1 three days later nuttall recorded in his journal bro moyle ZJjamesames fao110130H askedmeasked me what kinkindd of an answer teeace 3 I1 wished to make to brucebr3ce Taytaylorslorts complaint 0 I1 aidaldsaidsaldS I1 had assistedas sisted in getting the property of the estate into its present position that I1 left the territory nearly one year aagogo for my health and was awayaway several months and was willing to do all that lay in my power to carry out the feelings of the majority of the heirs as to whether they wished me to continue as one of the executoexecutorexecutorsrs I1 am quite willing to be relieved from that duty if they wish itito prest taylor puputt me there and if the heirheidheldheirss did not want me or wished a change they say so and I1 would vacate17vacate o707oa17

16 A bruce taylor complaint sworn beforebefore probate A 18880 judge eilelielleilasellasas smith at salt lake citroncityoncityotty on november 10 9 1888 see nuttall Journjournaljournalsjournalpalpalgaig april loly10 1889 fforor copy of the complaintcomplaintscomplaintoCompla into 17117ibld171bidobidabido november 17s17 188818880 78

nuttall did not appappearearean before the courtscourty30 ourt but he did express his willinwillingnessgnessgnoss to continue as an executor of the estateestaleoestateo heilellelie answered the probate courbcourt order in a lotterlotten 2121. datednovemberdated november l888s188810 to the honorable the probate court in andcand for the county of salt lake territory of utahitahoutaho I1 lo10L john nuttallnuttailnuttaii one of the executors of the last will and testestamenttament of john taylor deceasedeceasedd being ordered to show cause why the letters testamentary hereto- fore issued me 9 in the matter of the said estate should not be revoked respectfully representrepresents that after having qualified as such executor I1 performed my duties as such to the best of my ability that I1 assisted in the preparation of the inveanveinventoryntoryantory filed giving of notice to creditors and the adjustment and settisettlementement of the affairs of said estate until the month of november 1887 when my health completely failed me and upon the advice of my physicianphysic lanaiana I1 left the territorterniterritoryTerritory of utah for a change of climate ititbeinginbeingbeing absolutely necessary to do soo that while itat is true that I1 did so leave the terri- ttoryory and was absent therefcherefthereforeoreone for some months there after I1 am now and have been for sometime labolaboringring for the interests of the said estate and the settlemsettlementent thereof and butbut for the order made hereinhelheiteinneinkein settledssuspendingus pen ing my letters testamentarytestamentaryo I1 would have joined in the render- ing of the account which the executors of the said estate are about to filoofeilooilelie that I1 am now prepared and willing to act as such executor and to perform inymy duties as such tto0 the best of my abilityabilifcyo howeverHowevers I1 am not desirousdesirous of further participating in the adminisadministradministeradministrationtra tion of the said estate if the heirs therein obobjecthect0ect to the same and if the courcourt from the premises thinks it not meet for me to actaoto lb0 nuttallnuttailnuttaii made no comment regarding his retirement which did make his participation in public matters difficultdifficultodifficulty the appeal to other heirs was disappointing to nuttall for many wished him to vacate his position as executor he was

18letter18letter to the salt lake county probate court november 24 1888 see nuttall Journjournalaljalp april 1pap1 18691889 for copiocopycopyo 79 accordingly relieved of this position the latter part of november 188818880

gieglethejie woodruffapowpo druff manifestoajimji the question of abolishing the practiceprac bicebleeulee of plural marmarg riageariage by the church had been raised several times in utah before the Manifestmanifestomanifestollolloilott was presented to the saints4 and accepted 6 by their vote at general conference 5 october 1890 0 As early as 1865186 when the colfaxcoifoolfgolfax party talked with brigham young they received the impression that polygamy might be given up if proper pressure were brought to bearbeanbearobeano 1719 the constitutional convention of 1872 in salt lake city considered an ordinance number five which would indirectly bring the question of the practice of plural marriage befbeforebea oreone congress as a condition of the admission of utah to the union although this section was not accepted as part of the docudocumentme nt presented in washington several leading mormons supported the moveogoveo As mentlgentlmentionedonedboned previously pages 717271729tl71 ts9tsa729tsy72 the proposed constitution of 1887 made emphatic provisions for out- lawing plural marriagesmarriamarriagesogeso 20 nuttall was one who opposed this trend of stopping

111n 1 plural nurriagemarrimarriagesmarriageoageo he stated 5 iti do not see howlow such a thing could be done consistently with our covenantcovenantssl tt2l21

19 VOV robertsRoberts 1781791781790178 1791790 2oibidibldo IV 462 u 21ttnuttallalt2lt hut talltalitaii journalJourjournaltjournaultnalt december 19 188818880 80 that considerable pressure viaswas put on president woodruff to stopatop the practice of plural marriage in the church is verified by an entry in nuttallsnutfcallsNuttallsalis journalsjournalojournalo As presidents cannon and smith of the first council of the churchy and john wo young one of the apostles considered the uttermatter of form- ulating an official statement on the doctrine of blood atone- ment 22 nuttallnuttailnuttaii stated that brother young felt it would be a proper time to state in court that instructions have been given by the presidency that no more plural marriages shall be solemnized itys23 butbuttbute since elder cannon felt that president woodruff was the only one who had the right to make such a decision and at the request of young it was decided to refer the matter to president woodruff before further aeactiontion the next day nuttall made this significant entry bro D R bateman called for me with a bugybuggybug 9y this even- iningg & took meme to the gardo househouseohousdo I1 found presprosre s woodruff therethereotherdo he with prespros geo 0Q cannon had met this afternoon Wwo yo with brbro0 john youngYOung 0 le grand youngsyounggung jasja s H moylemoyiemoy1eae & R W young to consider the mattematterr as presentpresenteded & talked upon yesberyesteryesterdayday and the question wasas left with rresprespros woodruwoodruffff to decidecldecideodecidedde the prepropnepresidents ident told me of this & aidaldsaidsalds thathatt he had made the subject a matter of prayprayerpr and by the voice

22tmanifestomanifesto of the esidencyresidencypresidencypreslesi dency and apostles tt salt lake citoltcityoltyy december 12 1889 as quoted in george aoqo cannon the histohistoryry of the MorMormoncormonsmormonsmormonssmormonessmonsss their Tersepersecutioncution aandhd travels lagl1691 eunpuunpublishedunpublishedblushed MS in brigham youngyoun iversitydiversityuniversityuniverlversity LibralibrarylibraryfryFrys bertinepertinepertinentnt sectionssectionssections are also quoted in roberts IV 136137136170136 137 this statement repudiates the idea that the church has a elief in or practices the shedding of blood of those who b- apostatize from the church to save their spirits in the next life

23 1 nuttaiinuttail23nuttallnuttall journaljournalsjournal1 november 23 18891089 0 81 of the spirit helielleile waswa s directed to write after he had con- cludedcloudedd 0 he asked me to copy a Revolationrevelation which he had eceivedrreceivedreceived I1 did 300soo 242 A copy of this message which presidentpreselpres1l dent wilford woodruff believed came directly from the lord appears in nuttaiiNuttallkuttallsnuttalltsnuttKuttallsalists diariodiarydianydiaryo 252 part of it statesstalest let not my servants who are called to the presidency of the church deny my word of inymy law which concernsconcerns the salvatsalvationionlon of the children of men letlotdet them pray for the holy pinitspirit which shall be giveng l ven them to 9aideuldeguideguldeuide them in 0 0 nay their abtsactsoantso 0 let myrayrny servants who officiate as your counselors before the courts make theltheitheirtheinr piepleadingsadingsakings as they are moved upon by the holy spirit 3 without any further pledges from the priesthood and they Shallhalihailshallshalishail be justifiedjustifiedo I1T the lord will hold the courts 4 with the officers oftheodtheof the government and the nation responsible for their acts toward the inhabitants of zion nuttallnuttailnuttaii continues the same entry by saying havihavingng hearheardd bro J W youngs reasreasonort I1 elteibelbfeltfeibfelb very much worked up in my feelings for I1 did not feelifthat as a church we couldc 0aidalduld assume the position in reganegaregardrd to celestial marriage which he seeseemedmed to desire should be taken and when fresrresprespros woodruff commenced talking to me this evening I1 felt thtimtkimtt he had becobecomeme converted ztoatofo eldeeldereidereyder youngyoungs thinkingthinking7fchinklngl77 and actually trembled for I1 knew such had not been the prest woodruffs feelings before but as I1 wrote at his dictation I1 felt better all the time and when complete I1 fefeltfeitlt as light and joyous as it is possible to feel for I1 wassatisfiedwas satisfied that prespros woodruff had received the word of the lordlordo when piespres jos fl smith returned and read the revelationrevelationevelation heho was moved to tearteanjeantearsvearss and expressed his approval and aceeacceacceptanceptgpagncenee of the word of the lord to his servants & saintlosaintso 2 the effect was much the same on president cannon the next day aspas upon hearing this message he expressed his satisfaction

ebido241ibidob id 25seesee appendix D for copiocopyo 261t nutnuttailnuttaiinuttallnubmuttall1juttallMut talltaiitali journal november 24 1889laag18890 82 at the mind of the lord as given to prest woodruff in the 27 matter spoken of 0 0 nuttalllnuttallsNuttalNuttallsalisll s change of view in regard to president wood ruffsbuffsruffnuffruyf Is motives for issuing the manifestollManifestmanifestoolloilott appears more understandable as the writings of the president emphasize that he did not yield to the demands of the federal government until being personally convinced it was the will of the lord he stated in 1891 the lord showed me by vision and velationrevelationr4ra exactly what would take place if we did not stop this practice if we had not stopped it 0 0 Yyouou wouldW ou ad1d have no use fforor brbrotherbrothenotherothen memerrillrrillrili for brother Edlefedlefsensentseny brother roskelley ffor0r brotherbr other leleishmani sffiman or fforfonor ananybofyofof the men in thisthithl s temple atloat logannogangan for allaliaila11 ordinanoordinadoordinancesordinancinanoes wouldw 0uld be stostoppedapedpped throughout the land ofzion ziobozioho confusion would eignrreign throughout9 israel and manymany men would be made prisonersprlsonerslsonisoners this trouble would have come upon the wholewhoie church pdand we should have been compelled to stop the practicepracticedpractice2practiceo2o2 two years later he said at the dedication of the salt lake temple t thedevilthe devil still has p6werpower and the son of god knew full nellifwellifwellweli if something was not done in order to checkche ok this zferseoution7persecutlon7 all these things I1 1haveave rreferred to would have come foto passpasso yes I1 saw by vision and revel-re ve l- ation this temple in the handshaadsnds of the wicked 0 I1 sasaww our 0 org city in the hands of the wickedwickedo 0 0 therefthereforecheref the son of godGO d felt disposed to have that tthinghing presentedpr6seprasentedanted tottotoo the church and to the world for purposes in his own mind a 0 0 029

27lbid271b1qp november 252 1889 discourse of wilford woodruff november 1 1891 Ggo homer edo scescoursesed s d as quoted 1 m in durham discourwiscourM oursescourseM ses of wilforwilford woodruff salt lake city bookerbookcraftaft7taco0 0 Tjaj1 1577357719t60 apoppo 2132172132170213 217 29durham29durham appp 217218217 218 83 nuttall demonstrated a capacity to accept the teach- ings of his church leadersadensleadersleadens in the issuing of the tt manifesto he made no further adverse comment on the change of thinking and accepted the spirit of the change in his personal life after the document was made public a year aftersl the above revelation the depth of feeling between mr nuttall and sophia is seen as he stated I1 find there is much feeling among the people in re gard to the testimony given by prestprestt woodruff & cannon in the manifesto before the master of anderychanceryCh sophia feels all riright9ht & I1 9savegaveave her all the encouragement I1 could to keep her quiet hwe& we would trust in the lord to help us do our dutyduteydutoy to each other & to the church we did not feel that the lord wished us to abandon our covenants or fallfailfalifati in doing our full duty but to trust in him and do rightrightsrighty for we were joined together in holy bonds of matrimony according to his revelation & we could not repudiate our position & condition in life 30

ecoidecondsecond tripjp tot 0 wa ingtonshingtonshashingtonwashjpzbon the same month that nuttallnuttailnuttaii returned from washington dcfdafdoyD C brother calnecaine requested that he be allowed to return again for assistance however almost a year passed before he returned on a similar mission as the first trip upon arriving in washington nuttall recorded an interesting entry abouttheabout the manifesto

arrived in washington went with brother caine 6 0 talked over matters and mailedthemailmaiimalimailededthethe it of declaration of the 11 facialofficial presidpresidencycy and twelvetwelve11 to the ftcialmembers of the U SOS supreme court 31

3030nuttall30ftnuttallnuttailnuttaiiNuttall journal n ococtobertober 26 1891 3libid31lbld january 4 1890 84 during nuttallsNutt alls second stay at the capital city tainecalnecaine fought against the cullomstrublecullom struble billbilla in 1890 the supreme court of the united states upheld the idaho law opposing the churchchurchy which required that anyone wishing to votvotemustvoteemustmust take a test oath to determine6etermpeterm lne if he were dis- qqualifieduallfiod by believing in or belonging teto aca church which taught the principle of plural marriagemarrimarriagesmarriageoageo thefhephe enemiesenernies of the church in utah were encouraged by the supreme courtcountcourtsts action and attempted to establish the same kind of oath requirement

in utah through the cullomstrublecullom struble bill 5 authored by robert BN baskins of utah and sponsored by senator cullom of illinois and representative struble of lobaolowaoiowao32 calnecainegaine opposed the bill through pressure from the influential businessmen in the nation 33 and the bill was not passedopassado after the manifesto was issued the reasons for its creationcreatloncreELtion were abolished although nuttallnuttail assisted caine in his personal correspondence as on his first trip he nade no significant comment on congressional activitiesactivitieso elisabethellzabethelizabetheilzabeth and her sonsop wilford joined mr nuttall in washington in mid 1890 and remained until he was released to return home in october of the same year

32roberts32roberts VI 211212211 212212a 33roderick33roderick pop 1211210 858 pe cationcatlondicationdidictationdedication of the salt lake iremtletempIremTlellelieie at the services for laying the capstone of the salt lake temple on april 6 1892 a resolution was accepted by the saints in attendance to provide sufficient funds to dedi- cate the temple in one bearoyearoyeapo nuttallcassistednufctall assisted in following the resolution to a conclusion as he was appointed a member of a factfactfindingfinding committee of five persons to make an ap- portionportionmentment to several stakes and wards funds yet needed to finish the salt lake templetempietempleotempled 134 after the proposed assessments to the stakes were accepted by the firstpresidencyfirstfinst presidency 015000010000 was assigned to thirtytwothirty two stakes 35 the fundraisingfund raising project being a success the temple was ready for dedication exactly one year after the capstone servicesserviservicesoceso sitting with presidents of stakes on the melchizedek priesthood standsstandy nuttallnuttailnuttallts ts intense feelingfeelingss were vividly por- trayed in simple languagellanguageslanguagel president woW woodruff spoke and afterwards offered the dedicatory prayerpra7er in 3434 minutes it presidentPre sident lorenzo snsnowow led in offering the shout of Hosannahosannahhp hosdenhosdnnhosannahah hoseoshosannahannah to godQ od andand the lamb my heart and soul were so full of the spirit of the lord that I1 couldc6caaildabild scarcelysearscareelyoely contain myself prest joseph F smith spoke 12 minutes very feelingly the congrecongregationgr atlon meltedtomelted to tears at his words andland spiritspirits I1 never36feltreitrelteit so well in my life I1 cannot express my feelingsfeelingsjbfeelings36Jbelt

3nuttall34nuttall34 nuttailNuttall journaljournalsjournal11 september 13 189218920

351 200 3ibidi351bidobido september 1414 and 20 toberoctober00 20 1892 0 the last entry includes the form letter sent to stake presidents

36ibld361bid 0 april 19 18931893018900 86 the significance of the dedication of the templetempietemples which had been undeunderr construction forty years 9 isla seen by the fact that the services were repeated approximately twice dallydailydaliy from aprilA 6 to april 18 so all the saints from sur- rounding areas could attendattends nuttall was present at six of these repeated services with his family and friends the day following the final dilatorydicatorydedicatoryde dicdlodioatory exerciseexercisesso a special meeting was held in the temple by the first presidency with the twelve apostles seven presidents of seventies stake Presidenpresidenciescies presiding Bishopbishopricricoricy and eight other men nuttaiiNuttalnuttallqnutKut talltalitaiilq being one of these eight men ex pressed his feelings in a formal way as people within the group were speaking as they desired to arise 9 L john nuttall said 1I have been astonished many times in the mermerciesclescieseles of the lord tto6 me in that TI1 have been called to labors I1 have been in thisthis chchurchch anandd kingdom 1 had no e know I have other desirdesirem than to the mind and will of god through the brepresidencypresilencysidency of the church and then tbto do what I1 have been called to do to the best of rhymy ability I1 am satisfied the 10lordrd has accepteacceptedacceptedd our0O uhiubi temple in its dedicdediodedicatiodedicationdedicationatioatlon and I1 ffeel6eae 1 totp uphold and sustainsus tain the presidencypresipresl dencydenoy of the church foe they have my love first 11fsas and I1 have full confidence in them 57 later this same month nuttall was called to be a temple worker 38 in the new sanctsanctuaryuary and began his labors on may 23 f 1893 he was to spend many hours at this work until his death twelve years later

37huttall371 nuttmutt allail Jourjournalnairnalo tf april 19 1893 3bibido 225 IM notmom I1t april 1893 87 although the bond between nuttailnuttallnuttaiinut talltailtaii indand president woodruff was not as personal as between him and john taylor he occasionally indicated a harmonious brotherhoodbrotherhoods on one occasion when president woodruff was ill nuttall recorded while I1 was sitting with him he very pleaspleasantlyantly re- ferforferredred to our labors together in the ststc george tetempletempiemple also whilst in the underundergroundground & espresexpresexpressedIsed his confidence in me & my integrity for which I1 was thankfulthankful3939 suffering from poor health in 1892 nuttallnuttailnuttaii was assigned a different kind of work which would enable him to travel and receive more exercise he experienced better health and remained active as a legal advisor to the relief society and member of the deseret sunday school union board and church educational system until his deathdeathadeatho

391bide391jblclbide may 6 1893 CHAPTER VI

territorial superintendentSUPER IMPENDENT OF DISTRICT SCHOOLS

mormon education in utah the mormon theology emphasizes the importance of education and significant accomplishments were realized by the church up to the time of nuttallsnutfcallNuttallsalisails administadmadministrationinist rationnation beginning in 188118810 1 in regard to development of educational machinery in the territory the year 1821852 was made important in the history

poc 1doctrinedoc trine and covenants 88787988788807879880780 79 threthreee years after the church was organized schools were begun in kirtland ohio in 1833 after the saints were drivedrivenn from this state they planned a temple in missouri to be used for worship and education but persecution hindered its corconsfcructionoIs tructientructibn in nauvoo illinois however the church obtained a liberal city charter which provided the citoltcityoltyolbyY thetche right to establish a uni- versityversity consequentlyconsequentlyantly the university of nauvoo was faundefoundefoundedd in 18111841 being controlled by a board of trustees which con- sistesistedd of a chancellor registrar and twenty regents the chuchurchrahr6h dominated the institution all lourlower schools were brabuabranchesndresndhes of this mother institution the university of deseret founded in utah during 1851801850 was patternedpatt ernedarned aftera the one of nauvoonauvooo the period from 1841847 to 1868 may be consideredconside3ed a time of mormon monopolyll of education in utah aass the church dominated elective officesofficesoicedo dro james Rre clardarkmarkk characterized five typetypess of schools in utah before 1869 vtiaroluntaryvoluntaryoluntary private which was open to all private venture schools operated by teacherstedchers for additional income ward schools sponsored by bishops ter- ritritorialorial publicpublio or common controlled by the legilegislatureslatsiatblature to 1861865 R legiblat I1 and a variety of schoolsschoolsoscho olsooiso see james darkclarkmark itchtichchurchur ch and state relationshipsrelationshipslationships in education in utah unpublished ed D dissertation utah state university logan utah 1981958 pp0apppppp 0 ikiivlivi1411411431411430ikoivo143 0 88 89 of public education in utah by the legislaturelegis labure section one of itann act in relation to common Schoschoolschioldschooldoldoid provided that county courts were authorized to create school districts in their areas sections two threesthree and four made provision for district officials and defined their duties 2 drdro J Cco moffitt stated this act provides a legal foundation upon which all schools might become public 0 4pap it recognized the territory as the source of government and extended local organization and administration to the people as an extension of that gov ernernmenternment3ment 3 another step had been taken forward as a public superintendent of primary schools for all of utah was appointed by the regents of the university of deseret as early as 185141851.4l81181 he remained under the control olof01 said boardboardsboarde but in 1865186 the legislature passed an act which required a super- intendentintendent for common schools to be elected and submit annual reports to that bodaobodybodyo 5

21aysAWSaws of0f thetjie jerrterr 1ittarzorz of utah l8218218 2 seciseeiseesecseefbeci 141 4 of ttanatanan act ininrelattonInRelatTonrelation to connoncammccmm schools

aj3j C moffitt the history of pubpublic1 1 c ededucationuca tion in utah salt lake city 196194 p 70709 bibidibid p 74 claws5laws ory 1865186 con- A atory an law Wof N the terriitoryt of utahutah act solisolidatingdatingdatingntsehstthgand kme ng sct7n nl law nuttallnuttail was the thirdthithlr d person to holdhoid this elective officeofflee from 1881 to 1887 and the last mormon before statehood in 189618961 90go super work as superintendentintendeintended nt of districtW schools mr nuttallnuttaiinuttail became involved in thisthins important area of the history of utah following a conversation with john sharp on main street in salt lake city in 1881 sharp said I1 have just received the resignation of hon john taylor to the nomination of territorial superintendentsuper tendentintendentintendantin of district schools 0 and have thought to put your name in nomination vjilljliiwill you accept if I1 do nuttaiitiutfcall answered in the affirmative272.7 he said iteatineatthat will do f and we wentwont each on our way 0 nuttallnuttailnuttaii workeworkedd energetically in the office of super- inintendenttendent during a difficult period of mornionmormon and Gentilgentiloolloilott relationships in utah7utahutahs beginning work in the latter part

6tnuttallnufctall journal july 28 ibal1881 7asaasAs uttallattallnutfcallN was elected to the office of territorial superintendent of district schools for utah there was a growing rivalry between the nonnonmormonmormon Gentilgentilesestiesliestt and mormons for control of utah and public educationeducationcatlon brdr clarciarolardarkmarkk stated that this contest for control of schools by nonnnonmormonson mormmormonsons began in corinne utah with 0positionoppositionP centeringcentering in hatwhatW waswa s calledea llelie d the ring by the Morcormonsmormonsmons they were able to elect a gentile to the office of superintendent of public schools for tooelethoele county in 18741874. thee first nonnonmormonnormonmormon to be elected to whysnyany important office in education in the terrterntennterritoryitoryatory john taylor carried every county but tooelethoele three years later and the election of 1879 also indicated growing opposition0 ositionposition by the non cormonsmormons in 1881 nuttallnuttailnuttaii polled 13268132ef votes john tataylorY lor 929 andna n3 reverend J UM cayner a prominentprominentromiprominentnent protestant educa- tor in utah 29259 executiveexec iltiveeltive records 187218861872 1886 doorbookdook C on file utah divisdivisionlontonion of archives salt lalakeke city1103 ity abas quoted in darkharkclarkmark church and tatestateS relareiarelationshipstiontionshipsships in education p 221 some mormons evidentlyevidentlyantly were not informinformedd of taylor ts resignation for nuttall gave his consent to be nominatedonlynominated oniyonly seven days before election on august 41 it was fourrodrrour0 o days before election that the deseretgeseret newsmews posted the peoplepeopledTs party candidates where nuttalnut tailstallstalisballs name apappearedpeared forfoiefole the first time in public asa s a candidate see deseret hewsnews august 1 1881 9.9 and clark church and state rerelationshipsonships in educationeducationseducation11 p 221 91 of 1881 he was somewhat acquainted with uhls supervisory posi- on tion as helieile had previously assisted john taylor4 several occasions with compiling reports and revising school lawlawo one week after receiving his certificate he began an extended tour of ten counties in southern utahitahoutaho 08 again in 1883 he commented on his travelstraveistravelsseisselso 1tt I have personally travelled through most of the counties of the territory and visited many district schools 9 his philosophy of education expressed the importance of common schools for he stated inIM his report that much has been said and written and with good results about common schooledschool usationucationeducationucation and it isJA necessary for these things to be inasmuch as we hold to the opinion that the common schools properly conducted form the basibaslbasiss of our success and prosperity and he that suggests the best plan of laying the foundationfoundadounda tion of true education is the best friend society hashasobaso 100 O nuttallsnuttaivsNuttallsalis suggestion to the legislature in his biannual report seems practical as one considers the lack of funds and facilitieso he recommended that evening classes be held in district schools so that adults might profit from vocational training that an stitutestatuteinstitutein be held for teacherteacherss to improve their professional techniques and he worked for the revision and creation of many forms to expedite office proceduresproceduresoproce dureso carefully outlining the qualifications of

10OLlo john nuttall school ReportreportsreportsysY 1880- n1 territorial 188118819 p 1101.0lo

91bid og 1882 188 po 9lbid 1882188318833 9 do i1 iolbidaM ppo 9 92 teachers he wrote that they must teach good moral lessons and subsuggestesuggestedsuggestedsugbestegeste d that this area be taught aass a course of study required for all teachersteachteachersoteachersonerso perhaps the most important quali-qua ii fificationtationcationcatlon of a good teacher was a liberal education which he could teach by supplementing the textbooks one of the duties of the superintendentsuperintendentwas was to decide on the selection of textbooks for the territoterritoryry by holding a convention of county superintendents together with the president and ffacultyacuityy of the university of deseret the firstti3st con- ventionventionlon was held at salt lalakeke city in 1882 Tthehe superintendent Is reports state that several differdifferentent textbooks had been used indiscriminately throughout the territoryterritory so that no uniformity had existed in the use of books prior to this time

by april of the next year however ji ten books selected at the convention were being used in all schoschooschoolsoolsols 12 the university of desedeseretdaseretret andbrighantand brigham young academy submitted reports to nuttallnuttailnuttaiinutHut talltaiitali but they were notnob responsible to him for funds karl G maeser wrote many lettersletteietters to nuttall recognizing him as superintendent in the territory and in which he sent reporaporeportsrtsarts perhaps the more significant aspect ofot their correspondenceocorrespondence however was nuttallsNuttalls role as a 9go00. between for maeser and the first presidencyPiepiesidenpresidensidency of the churchchurchy this period waswa s a time of great difficulty for maeser in

territorial schschoolsohoolooi001 reportsreports1ft1 apoppeapppppo 3399

12jbidibid P p 13 93 proveprovo 3 keepinkeeping the academy atab in operation 0 heho wrote nuttallnuttaii in 188638863.886 that there Is no need to allude again to the deplorable finanfinanbiafinancialblabia 1 condition of the Acadacademyemyl whwhichach1ch places the whole burden to carry the institution upon the shoulders of the teachers some of whom like myself have already lost more than one half of their last yearsyearn salary anandd cannot afford another sacrifice of that kind but I1 report to you 1 have made one desperate 0 ort to save that I last effort1 the academy from breaking up next christmasChrist nbsnas 0 As the financial condition contincontinuedaedued to grow worse a few months later one sees the great burden maesmaeserer bore dear brother sometime has elapsed since I1 have written to yyouou the last but my silence has been neither the result of in- difference to you personally nor of ladelacklaokiamelame of important matter fordiscussions discussion but was forced upon memo by the un- cevelodevelodevelopedped and uncertain state of affairsaffairsoaffairso referring to my former comicommunicationaunnun icationcatlon to you in regard to the condition of the bo Yto academy at proveprovo I1 have to add that thus far nothing hasha s been accomplished for the putting of the institution uponupon a safer basis 0 010 0 the teachers must know what they can depend on for the future as besides our salaries dueduo us from last school year the academy is falling behind with us during the present year very badly so that we cannot see our way clear in the future

13thethe br ighambighambrigham young academy foreforerunneforerunnerrunner of the brigham young universityuniverTsity was founded at proveprovo on october 16 18751870 it was the first academy established in utah by the churchchuncho the next yeayearr karl Ggo naemaemaeserser followed warren woW dusenberry as the second principalprinprincipaleprincipalocipalo speaking of the effective woworkrk of maeser mo lynn bennion stated that during the early years 11 the academy 0 0 survived its vicissitudes and apparently thrived on them 0 0 Q due in large measure to the genius of karl Ggo maeser1maeser 1 he served as principal until 1891 and was then elected superintendent of church scoolsospools see mo lynn bennion mormonismmormonigmMormonimormontmormoni gmsm aandndeducationnd ed ucatlanEducation salt lake city deseret hewsnews press 139log1939 Ppt 10150 14 14letternetterletter from karl G maeser august 21021 18818318866 94 especially in my case the outlook Is dark if oyoucbouc eenemies should commence their persecution with me also 1 nuttall encouraged the brethren in salt lake city to appro- priate funds to the institution and although the money was not fforthcomingorthcomingoorthcomingo maeser acknowledged his interest as he wrote early in 1887 your favor of0f january 29 has come to hahandadsnds and TI1 thank you kindly for your wowordsrdsads of eneenoencouragementouragement which I1 have stood in need 616oflatelyoblatelyorgof lately more than at any other time since I1 am in provoloprovoo 10

I1 growth of gentilegen tilebileblie control over gducatipnEW ucaugation in 1882 a fivelvefivemanfive man commission was sent to utah to regulate territorial affairs as provided in the edmunds lawslaw section nine drdro harrdarkclarkmarr in speaking about this period of education explains that the political situation in the territory caused the mormon effort to maintain control to be a futile effort the mormonsweremormons werewene fighting a losing battle andan d thetheyy fully realized this situationituatlon bothb othasas to gengeneraleraldoeralpopoliticallitibal ccontrol0ntroi of the territorTerriterritorytor andan d tthebhehe equallye quallqualiquail y vityitvitalvitaia 1 aontrolcontrolontrop of the public school attendedattended bytheirby their children if they were to head off the complete 10lossas6s of controldontiloliol and tebe forced to surretsurdensurrensurrenderder to the gengentileOentiletlle minority thethey should do sobyso by seeking and gaining admission into the union as a state which would restore majority ruleoruloeguleoint171

go Xo islelettertterater from karl maeser vembernovember 20 1886l886i0 see his letters from january 2222p february 22 and may 44sas 1887188791887.9 for further comments on the acadacademyemyt s difficult financial conditionconditions lletterlLaletter16letter16 etterLetter from karl GLgo maeser february 22022 18870188 mark17clarkpdark church and school relationships in education it p 2340 959 the territory did seek admissionadraissionadrais sionslon through a constitutional convention the same year the edmunds law was passed by the national congress j and the proposed constitution provided that schools be freed from denominatdenominatedenominationallonallonaibonal control but admission was again delayeddeladeiadelayedoyedo because of these unsettled conditions in the territory nuttall found it necessary to tread lightly in his work this caution is seen before the election of district superin- tendentstendents in 1883 when nuttall asked the commission by correspondence if they held the tl opinion that the edmunds law mantmeant that elections should not be held for the said super intendentsintendente 18i P the next year a struggle arose between the commission the Morcormonsmormonsmons and gentilesgentiles1111 over who controlled these district school elections while the commissionerscornmissicornnissimissi bonersoners appealed to the united states attorney general for direction ely hoH murray governor of the utah territory from 1880 to 1886 appointed william moM perry mine ahlnerowner and patron of the presbyterian westministerWest minister college in salt lake city as ter- ritritorialorial superintendent of district schools he was not however accepted by the commission or the Morcormonsmormonsmons when a reply came from the attorney general a few months later the question was still unresolveunresolveddo for although the governor was

18letter18letter to the united states commission for utah territory june 151 1883 96 given power to nominate a candidate the commission was required to make the appointment 197 on a second appointment governor murray was eventually successfulsuccessfulo as the office of superintendent was later taken from the mormons by makingmalting it an appointive rather than an elective officeofficeioeloe the new appointee parley L williams was also a prominent nonnonmormonmormon in utah because of not being recognized by the county district superintendents for some time his work was difficult nuttallsNuttalls letters indicate that he received most if not allaliailalipally of the district reports for the R year rather than williams john parks 9 president of the university of utahutahs while speaking of certificates from county superintendents stated in september of the same year 9 0 1t I can not however recognize any but those coming from yousyoueyout 20 some county superintendents were still reluctant the next year to cooperate until being advised to do so by nuttall 21 williams wrote bitterly of the failure of school officers to cooperate byvy saying they refused him as the legal agent and submitted the reports to nuttall forfeatea the years 18861086 and 1887

1901ark1901darkmarkark church and school relationships in aducaeduca tiontion1tiongft p 2432434 20letter20letter from john roR parks septemberSepteniber 14 188618860

2lletterletter from george H brimhall june 4 1887 0 97 his biannual reports were therefore incomplete for thesthesee two yearsye ar s 22 WilliamWilliawilliamstwilliamsfwilliametmstsf active opposition to mormon control of elective offices reached its height in 1886 at that time he received a court order against william m4maM stewartSteviartviant county superintendent of salt lake for refusing to submit his annual report to the bona fide officer previous to the firstfirstweekweek adlinedeadlinedo in october 23 stewart had refused on the grounds that he hadbad already sent the said report to nuttallnuttailnuttaiinutfcall whom he recognized as the legal officer an apheaappealappea 1 for dismissal of the case by the church attorneys franklin S richards lagrand young 9 and lyn meyers on the grounds that williams had not made a request directly to stewart for the school reports waswa s denied by the courtcountcourtscourtecounts during the proceedings the attorneys pleaded with

22paparleyriey lo10L williams territorial schooschool reportsf1reportsReport sf 188618871886 1887 p 1 the unituniteded states commission opposition to eormormormonmon cocontrolatrntr ol01 of education was again made apparentapparent in 1887 asa s ttheyhe y suggessuggestedted to the department of interior thathatt nononn mormonsmormon s weireweinewote 36sponsibleresponsible for anany educational accomplishments in the territory A resume of denominationaldenominatiortal school activity iss given in their report to demonstrate utah achievement in education for the year mokormonmormonrmon accomplishments on the other hand are ignored recommendation number six of the same report advised that the commissioner to locate university lands and county superintendents of districtdistriat schools be subject to confirmation by the commission before the candidates assume 6offleeoffice see report of the utah comails sion tto0 tthehe decrsecretarysecretar7ra of the interinteriorintertorToror ad1d saitsalt larelakeL zittvity trtribuneibuneabune rintrantprrlntR 1887 231f ourtcourtc order tt dodeseretsere t news october 16 1886 see alsaisalsoaiso octoberooctober 23 252 and 30 ldaidaleabl8abF 98 nuttallnuttailnuttaiinutballnut balluail to appear in courtcourtocourty stipulating that he was a polygamist and had been out of the territory during the controversy this action would disqualify nuttailnuttallnuttaii as superintendent 9.9 and according to the church attorneys 5 prevent arringorringstistirring up an issue over polygamy the council for thebheuhe church reasoned that the opposing law7erslawyers would quiz stewart in court and bring many members of the john taylor family to testify about nuttallshuttallsHuttNutt allsalis marriage to a second wife sophirsophiasophicL but nuttall curtly answered meyers young and ricaric1Richarrichardslardsdn that helielleile would not jeopardize his family by appearing in court altaitalthoughhougla his future social status regarding polygamy was promised to be uneffected by this case he suggested that it was easy for men to recommend such action when they had nothing to lose and informed the lawyers they would have to proceed as best they could in the stewart case without himhirn 244 the anomalous position of nuttall was revealed as he wrote to meyersmoyerss since the passage of the edmunds case regarding the

ecco 2 V .7 holding of officeofficer etcetco I1 havhavee felt that it zifgif 7 10I1 couldould honorably deliver the office to my lebilegalrifTJJsec cessorceasoroe ssorasor I1 would gladly do solosoosoto 0 I1 have only con-c 0n tinued to hah9holdhoidd office because I1 could not honorably give it upo 2 impimportantor ant changes in the educational system of utah occurred soon after nuttailnuttaiiNuttallnuttallsnuttalltsNuttallsalisailsts administration the head

24letter24letter to franklin so Richardrichardsrichardsorichardspsp november 1291212. 1886 25 6 18860 25letterletter to lyn meyers november 5 1886 99 office of education in the territory was rlinquishedrelinquished to the legal seccessorsuccessorsec cessor as the utah commission appointed parley Llo10 williams territorial Conoonmissionercommissioner of schooschoolsls on april 2 26 1887188 for a term of two yearspearsoyearso in 1890 legislation was passed establishing free public schools and providing fforfonor their sipportosupportsupportosupporto after statehood the title of the officeoff ieeicelee was changed a second time as john roR park became the first state 2 7 superintendent of public instruction in 1861896

26 26williamswilliams ppo 1

moffitte27mofflfctmoffittq po 830 CHAPTER VII

SCATTERED FAMILY LIFE

elizabeth clarksclarkson on nuttallnuttailnuttaii the nuttallnuttailnuttaii family life is an example of high ideals in devotion and sacrificesacrificedsacrificeo after LLO john and elizabeth made their home in provo in 18618561896 she soon experienced hardships as her husband was active in civic affairsaffairsoaffa irso he participated in the utah war the year afterafter they were married and the black hawk war in 186618660 next came a mission to great britain for the church in 1874 A daughter said of her she was left to care for the children the agagede d par-par ents and home and farmfarmobarmo all this she did in a happy uncomplaining waylowayo it was however not always a pleasant workworkansworkandworkandand she told of a walk she had one day nearly around the lake looking foror the oxen that had strayed around1 f away 0 she displayed considerable talent andaund industry as her husband becanebecame the bishop and then stake president of canabkanab As first stake relief society president in the canabkanab stake she served her church and communityeoracoraeonamunity until the family moved to salt lakelareo john complimented her on her work at one stake conference by saying much good instruction was given by sister nuttalloNut tallo lf she also augmented the family income at

IGIICS history of elizabeth clarsonclarkson nuttall p1ppa 1 nuttaii2nuttallnuttall Journjournalalgaig december 6 18l88188187j8ja 100 101 canabkanab by making and selling hats and other articles

0 0 0 she would select the straw iradbraid1 and dye ititait39 shape the hats make the flowers she used and trim the hatshatsobatso 0 duringpuringduning this time she also madernadeanade gloves of different kinds for men and women also wax flowerflowersoflowersoso she tanned the hides of the coyote some of which she made into a robe which was given to president wilford Woodruffwoodruff3woodruffewoodruffo33 it was a strain to care for a family of eleven children while her husband was called to salt lake city in auditing the church books elizabeth visited hihimom occasionally but the long trip was difficultdifficultodifficulty finally she moved to salt lake city with her children in the early isbosisoosl8isogs and lived there fforfonor approximately fivelvefive yearspearsoyearso while resresidingiding in this

citacitvcity she studied obstetrics and became a practical nurse 9 helping in several casescasesocaneso ersmrserso giles recorded that it was in 1885188 when elizabeth returned to live in proveprovo so the children could attend brigham young acadomy4academy A she moved the same year that mrmno nuttallnuttailnuttaii went into retirement with the church leaders 0 during this period of exile which lasted until 1891 she was able to see her husband only infrequentinfrequentlyo lyoiyo As her ausbahusbahusbandnd could not be seen in public it was necessary for her to come to salt lake on most occasions and spend only a few hours together under precarious conditionconditionsconditionsoso two times during periods of her husbandhusbandta ta ill health elizabeth was able to remain with him fforor a ffewew daysdaya

bilosagiles3gilesgilos p 220 4lbld41bid p 2 figpig 3 nuttall home in provo utah july 44sas 1902

102 103 As long as elizabeth lived her home was a place of gathering for the familiofamilyfamilyo mr 0 nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttallsNuttallsailsaliss birtbintbbirthdayirtintadayhday was a big event for the children for he loved to entertain and talk to themthemo mrs4mrsamrso ethel nuttall moore granddaughter of lo10L john stated that on such occasions my impression was always one of dignitydignityo 0 he wasw as one of the kinkindestdesto men that ever livelived do you felt thatthatochato ti 5 nuttallnuttailnuttaii spoke highly of elizabeth as he paid tribute on her birthbirthdaydayidayl this is the and52nd2nd anniversary of my wife elizabeths birthday I1 feel to bless her with every blessing for she has been a true and faithful wife to me and mother to her childrenchilchiichildrenschildrenodreno I1 pray that she may be spared for many years to enjoyenjpyenjoy life when we have that freedomfreedom which be- longs to us 0 elizabeth remained in proveprovo until her death on july 18 190219020 afterafter her demise one can see the pathos of uttalltsnuttallsNuttN allsailsalis loneliness as he wrote to william johnson former bishop of canabkanab 4

I1 have of courcoursese been very much engaged 0 0 10 on my pupublicblie also my private affairs as 1466 years of mrmarriedried myeny made many life withM wife cutout off so suddenly changeschangeloehanchanchangesogeso 9 Z 1j7i chave7haveh been reconciled as farfarlfark as possible and ffeele el to acknowledge the hand of the lord in our treatmenttreatments she was a noble boodgoodgoody loving andandaffectlonateate wife and mother and useful to her husbandhusbandshusbandohusbando 7affection

51ntervinterviewew with arsomrso ethel nuttallnuttailnuttaii mooremooresmoorey salem utah may 6 19t21962 nuttall61inuttallmuttallMut talltalitaii journaljournalsjournal11 april 28 188818880

M aletter7letterletter to william do johnson august 18 190219020 2042.04ioklok soehlasophiaS hiahla taylortaylon nuttall afterafterten lo10L john and sophiasSophi avs marriage in 1875 shehe moved to canabkanab for three years before returning with her husband to her place of birth salt lake cityolty in 187818780 two children died in infancy between 1879 and 1881 9.9 and these were extremely sad occasions for lo10L john as well as sophia 0 after convincing himself that the second child named john would survive his illness upon receiving a fatfatherfathertsfathertyhertshents lessingblessingb Nuttnuttallsnufctallsallsailsalis affection for his second family is recorded in his statement my wife sophia very much effected my own feelings 8 were also much wrought sponouponoupouo t nuttallnuttaii shared a close relationship with president taylor his father in law and attended many social and private gatherings at his home with sophiasophiaasophiao at the dedication of the logan temple in 18811884 she was the first female to bebo baptized for the dead while franklin do richards had the honor of berfperfperformingarmingorming the same first ordinance for a male person7personaperson 97 sophia had no home of her own in saltsaitsaitsalt lake city and found it necessary to live in several places with her children Accordingaccordinglylyo nuttailnuttallnuttaii stated in 1887 I1 had a conversation with president woodruff this afternoon and related to him my circumstances how my

nuttailnuttaiinuttall8nuttallnutkuttallKut talltali journal june 26 iaal1881 9lbid91bid may 21 1884labko 10510 self &8 family had lived during the past 9 years most of the tinettime0 without any home of our own & very much scatseat terskateredotervka 9without10 although nuttall purchased a home for sophia on west temple street across from temple square for a residenceresidencesresidence1resnesneo dencedenoe 1 she was unable to enjoy it for two years as she remaremainedenedlned in hiding to protect her husbandhusbandshushusbandobando 11 it was difficult to find suitable living quarters and avoid being seen in publiclpublicapublicy so she returned tto0 heherr home iinn aprilsapr 11 188918 8 9 at a riskrI1 s k of beibeingbel ng exposedexposedoexpose do she was however never apprehendapprehendedapprehendedoedo along with providing a hoahomhome 9 nuttall supported sophia financially as heho provided a monthly allowance and invested in stock in severalsoveral companiescompanierocompaniesocompan iesoleso although not always on an equal basis the interest of both wives was represented as investments were mademadeu on sophiasophias3 s birthday nuttall gave her a complimentary

Y lae D C tribute as helie recorded inn washingonWas hinston 9 docdoo I1 feel to bless my wife on this day for she has been true and faithful in passing through herhenheirhearhean trials with much fortitude and perserperserveranceverance especiallyespe ciallybially in her inexperi- ence of such a life and the many bereavements shesho has had during this timetimcotimeo 0 it is my brayetprayetprayer she mynay be spared and permitted to enjoy life with myself and family when we shall have that freedom which is ouriour right and to have an eternity of joy in the world to comecombocomoo 12 sophia was active in the residencypresidencyF of the seventeenth ward relief society in salt lake city for several yearspearsoyearso she

10mlolbid93lom august 16 laa1887188 ilibid9jojojbjo april 19919 1889 isibido121bidop july 14149 18880 106log then served as one of the twentyseventwenty seven lady missionaries who assisted the general Bpardgardboard of the relief society between 1897 and 1912 in visiting various stakes this was the only period in the history of the relief society when this procedure was follofollowedwedewedo 13 by nature she was quiet unassuming and faithful in the church 14 after her death at salt lake city on march 2020p 19190909 the deseretpeseretpqseret news said of herhersherd throughoThrouthroughoutbhogho utherher entire life she had been an earnest Wworker0rk6r inan thee a churchhurchureh orgdhiz&tioorganizationsns in the sunday school and mutualmutua1 ImproVeimprovementPent assocassociationslations as a girl in the foufourteenthrteenthsteenth tardwarwardd j and idtlaterer in tletiethei relief society of the seventeenthSevente6hth Wwardardaadaandn d as a gen0eneralbeneralgenerale ralrai relief society board missionmissionaryarrary this work however never interferedinterfered with her home duties for to her home and ildrenlidrenchildrenoh she always gave heherr first allegiance and as a kikindrid anandd devotedd6vav 0ted nothmothmothedmothep who will never be forgotten by those who knew herhero 1iwho

13 ta centcentenaryenary of relief1 e ai1ief societsochetsocietyooeaoeoce 1842 19i2igla4 salt lake city s generalgeneral boagoardr d of the reliefsocietyReliefie f s06Societywetymety 1941942 pip 344 interview with evavajev&jejensonn on olsonqlson thurchurchurchh hihistoriansst6rianj s orforrofficeicepbicep salt lake city marchmaramaroh 10 19621902igoa 0

5eaedeseretaeret nimnewsS 19 march 22 1909190910.190910 CHAPTER VIII

LAND AGENT FOR tebTBETHE HURCH0CHURCH

escheatment Proceedingproceedingsopr oc e e di apnp so the most severe legislation of thethobhebho federal government against the church was the edmundstuckeredmunds tucker law of 1887 which disdissolvedsolved the corporation of the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints on march 3 1887 it gave the attorney general of the united states the power to escheat all church property over 50000oyoooy except that used forfoil worship purposes to the united states governmentgovernments beforebefbea ore the death of president taylor in 188718879 the church worked through legal advisement to avoid losing any property which might hebe saved by establishing local corporations that could claim certain property these legal bodies were of two types a ward corporations which claimed realty corresponding to their nature and other local non ecclesiasecclqslas tical organizations which claimed real estate that a ward could not general church property in salt lake cityolty and other centers was dedeedededed to a corporation formed by individ- uals in the presiding bishopric of the church when thetche first escheatment case was brought against the church on july 30s30 188718870 by provisions of the edmundstuckeredmunds tucker law the 107 108 leaders stated that some of the property claimed was in violation of tthehe provisions mentioned above appealing to the supreme Courtcourt of the united states the church received another setback by the judiciary as the constitutionality of the edmundstuckeredmunds tucker law was upheld in this asecaseease when it was adjudicated in 1889 it was later decided that church property duly cheatedescheatedescheaescheates ted to the united states be used for education in the territory but before any funds were expended the woodruff manifesto had been issued and congress passed a resolution to restore the said property to the church it was after statehood in 1896 that the real estate was restored to the church

land agaentabentnt because of financial strain upon the church through the proceedings described above 9 it was netnecessarynec essary for the leaders to economize in 1892 As a result several lawyers were dismissed and the church office staff assumed additional responsibility in february of this saimsarmsame year nuttall wrote I1 was appointed todaybytoday by presprproses W woodruff & jos F smithtosmithcosmith to take charge of the buslinesshinessbustnessbusiness 0 0 0 as attornattorneye7ea in attabtattendingending to the incorporationincorpofation of church ward associations and church land matters 4

lrobertstroberts VI 1932001931932003 200

111 nuttaiinuttail2ttnuttallnuttall journaljournalsjournal10 february 24 189218192 109log the next month his official appointment came as president wilford woodruff wrote dear brotherBrotherRtherp you are already aware that bro I1 M waddell has been notified that his services aslandas land attorney for the church would be no longer needed after the last of this monthraonaonth anandd that he has been reqneqrequesteduestedbested to turn over to you all books and papers he may have in cconnectiononne ctionaction with the work he was retained to do yoyouu will therefore please see brother waddell for the purpose of learning from him all such papers and whatever iinformationnf orMat i 0 n hermayhe3mayhe may have to cormiunicacommunicateae in relation to this businessbusinessj the following day nuttall recorded pres woodruff told me to 114 take full charge of the business lwardalwarddardvard incorporationincorporatioaincorporatioe70 A comparison of nutnuttailnuttallnuttaiitalltstallas qualifications to assume these responsibilities in handling church realty with his ability to exercise the duties of territorial superintendent of district schools is interesting to notenobenoteenobee As mentioned pages 90919091190 gingln91 he had considerable experience in education before being elected superintendent A similar situation existed in 1892 for since comingcoming from canabkanabxanab to salt lake in 1877 he aided not only in the acquisition of a legal town site for canabkanab and obtained itsit but alsaisalsoaiso0 found several original deeds to church property and legalized others for church property in provo and salt lake citcilyocityo7 5 he therefore began

aletter3letterletter from president wilford wonodruffwoodruffodruff march 10 1892 nuttaiinuttail4nuttallnuttall journal tl march 11 189218920 51bideibid april 5 and 10 and may 3 1892 110 this work with an appreciable knowledge of the legal procedures involved waddell assisted nuttall in incorporating mt pleasant ward in march and nephi ward and sevier stake wards soon after but ward incorporation stopped here until after a meeting with the first presidency relief society officers and church attorneys at the next general conference of the church in october A question had arisen over ththe election of ward trustees and relief society incorporation unofficially george 0Q cannon and joseph foF smithsmibh decided nuttall should also takeittakeintake the matters of incorporatincorporateincorporationi on of church acadacademysemys & 6 schools in hand and attend to thernethemthermethorny ichiinhiwhilele waiting for a more clearly defined mthodmethodinethod of procedure for ward businessbusiness9 9 nuttall legalized the logan temple association and began investigating minor land pur- chases for the churchcharchochurcho soon after these beginnings he prepared for large scale incorporation by gathering data through questionnaires to all the stakes which requested necessary statistical information7informationinformations 7

reliefreitreltroll of soclesociesocietyyreqfzanizationre oreanorgan laatianqn two important happenings occurred in the history of the relief society at the next conference of the church in

bibid6ibidbid june 2421 189218929 7see7soejsoe nuttall journal n april 19 5892389218923.892 for cocopypy of questionnaires sent to the stake presidents in the churchchurche illiiilii october 1892 the national fomentswomenwoments relief society was effected 80 and a plan was laid for a legal incorporation of ward relief societies which would parallel the ecclesiastical organization this defensive procedure of incorporating the

societies grew out of an attempt to avoid aEL repeat perform-

ance of persecutions under the edmundedmundsedmundstucker8 tuctuetuckerkerken law a zina young 9 president of the relief societies fforfonor the church in 1893 explained the purpose of incorporating the societies when she stated some have supposed this new organiorganization0zation was merely an appendage to the reliefsociettyrelief society which is not the case and they do not isiderconsiderco it in its true light being for the better security andand welfarewelfareane 0offtheathethe reliefre ileflief societysocioty and to enable its members to transact their own business affairs to attend to their testimony and work meetings just the same as they have always been doing to own and hold theirthe 1rar realrea1 estate and personal property in their own right and be secured under the laws ofop our territory and rulings of the 00courtsurt s therein frofromm any questions which nihtmihtnightmight9 arise pertaining to the missionM is sionslon and worlwork of our sisterslihtin the relief society for such we understand the reorganization to mean 9.9 Nuttnuttallnuttallsallsailsalis responsibilities were now cleartoclear to incor- porate the relief society associations ward organizations and church academies to assure that the corporations were properly established it was necessary for him to travel throughout the entire church the law required that at leastleast three persons must enter into an agreement with the local

ades8desaseretesereteret hewsnewnewss october 7977. 1892 lettengletterglettenletter from zina young to mrs J E dillman and ellen karren marchamarch4march 1 1893 112 hrobatprobatprobatee judge to serve as officers of each corporation they must state the following terms location of the corporation length of time for it to be incorporated accurate description of real estate owned 9 and a complete explanation of the organizational structure of the associationassociationsassociationo 101 the nature of these incorporation procedures changed nuttailnuttaiiNuttallnuttalltsts church work completely after this conferconferenceenceenee until his death in 1905190igo he traveled extensively in utah idaho arizona colorado and new mexico besides these travels in the united states 9.9 he also made two trips to mexico and one to canadacelnadacernadaoatoaeCEL nada at least one reason for nuttailnuttaiiNuttallnuttalltsts assirmmentassignment over church land nettersnatters is clearaclearolearcleada a need for a change in work to improve his health suffering occasionally from poor health in canabkanab his condition grew worse during the judicial crusade in utah during the eighties it reached a climax at the death of president john taylor when nuttall was under strain and deprivation of adequate physical freedom after goinagoing to washington his health improveimprovedimprovedydy but it grew worse in the late eighties and early nineties causing him to retire several timstimesbimes to his home with elizabeth in provoeprovoo his activities after 1892 were impressive however no further reference to ill health was given in his writings nor did it stop his labors until immediately before his death

lecomplocomplO locompiled 1 11 1888 s os Compilediled laws of utautahhA ibba statstatutesute of the s7sa 1 A p1 cab 1e and dakeke W ant take uniteaunitedM stastleaocate localdocal lmoIMOrt saltsait la cityC I1 ty herberhereergergecberttt fePembroke1880olteolceoice 10 ad0d ch if1 sec 2262268 113 wardward and relierellerelief f societsochetsocietyY incincorporationrati on uintah stake officers witnessed thetheithem nearly clocklikeclock like incorporation procedure which nuttallnuttaiinuttail employed for the next decadedecaderdecadeo after traveling by team over rough roads from provo to attend the stake conference in vernal he incorporated the ward relief societies of vernal mill glinesgunes mountain delldelideil verdaleriverdalerivendaleRi and merrill wards in three days he was also present in each ward and spoke in stake conference two days after working in vernal nuttallnuttell next incorporated societies in utah stakestakeostaked he then began an extended tour of northernnorMor thern utah and idaho going as far north as redburgrexburgRexburg idaho in 1893 nuttallnuttailnuttaii began a twomonthtwo month trip to mexico to clarify certain deeds to church property in diadladiaz A question had arisen over the propriety of putting the deed of a coloni- zation company in the name of one individual instead of the company after settling the issue he incorporated the relief societies in the area and returned home the end of january he was again to return to mexico on church business six years later while still working as a legal advisor for the societiespa oheode tiette a but at this tim he had another responsibility as an aid to the deseret sunday school union boardboandboardo

aid jto0 thetjjetaje Pepesdeseretpeseretpeaeretpea eretseret sundaysunda school unluniongunlgnagn boardboand the first sunday school in utah was establishestablishedod by richard ballantinebaliantBallant lne in 18481843 numbering approximately fifty members the first year it grew rapidlyrapidiy until its influence

4 114 was felt sufficiently in 1867 to cause the first presidency to direct a more unified system george 0 cannon was selected as president of the central organization named the deseret sunday school union boardboards ten years later a more thorough structure was established creating better coordina- tion between local units on october 3 1897 nuttallnuttaii was called as an aid to the board which consisted of fourteen members eight aids and a general superintendency of five persons two years after nuttall joined the board a jubilee sunday school convention was planned to infuseninfuse new life into every department he acted as chairman of01 a t committee of subsistence and informationinformation1111 for the large conference held in 1899189910 12

church school sjajemisystem

during hishi a declining years nuttall became a member of the church school system this educational arm of the church was organized as it became apparent that the church was losing control over education in utah the first presidency issued a call for a separate church education system to be organized in 1806 but no action was taken A request

11ju S R li a il- day iaMW 1 of s I qpyj the lattelatterdaylatter k- dav saintint Msunday school 1 saitsalelasaltlaSalt lake cityolty deserede seret S undaysunday schoolschsohsoe 6 61 unionun i on 1900 f appp 0 1501 5oao 5205802 1pap ibidibidop plip 3939a 115 was again made after the edmundstuckeredmunds tucker law was passed which precipitated action part of the epistle from the firfirstst presidency in 1887186188 stated Q the duty of our people under thesethose circumstances is clear it is to keep their children away from the influence of the sophisms of fidelityinfidelityin and thetho gariesvagariesvogariesvo of the sects let them though it may possiblypoci sibly be at some pecuniarypecuniary sacrificeorificesacrificeericrierlfice tablishcablishestablishes schools taughttaught by those of our faith where being free from the traitraimelstraiatralatraintrainmelstrammelsmelsmeis of state aid 0 they can unhesughesunhesitatinglyitaitatinglytingly teach the doctrinedoctrinesS of true religion combined with the various branches of general educationci3bined1 5 in 1890 the first freslFresipresidencydency announced the establishment of their churchwidechurch wide school system and weekdayweek day religious classes nuttallnuttaiinuttail assisted in organizing these classes which were held in or adjacentad abentacent to the public schools one hour each 14 week before or after school time 0 the first journal entry available which tells of nuttallnuttaiinuttailnuttallsNutt allsalis activities as an aid to the sunday school board and members of the church school system occurs in 1899 as hee traveled via great falls montana to lethbridge and carlstoncardstonoardcandCardGardgardstonston albertaalbertas canada in company with karl Ggo Tolaesermaeser who was second assistant general superintendent of the boardboardsboardy heho metmot with various relief societies sunday schools and organized

13deseret13dnaduaDeseretdjaeretDja eretemet news october 12 1887018870 because of the difficulties iivoinvolvedinvoaved3ved in producing an effective religious educational system from this inconveni- ent schedule the results have been overshadowed by the s sem- inary system of the churohcchuroho this rreleasedtimee leasedreleased time program was begun at grantgrantteibeitebe high school at salt lalakedakece city in 1912 see darkclarkmark churchmchurch and state relationships in education n p 293 116 religion classesglasses in thetho areadareaoaroao accordinoaccording to Nuttallnuttalltsts journaljournals an unusual experience occurrmccurroccurreded in oardstonhardstonOardcayldstonston as sister elizabeth hannarbannarbannanhannan of the alberta stake gave a blessing to nuttall and maeser by the laying on of hands she pokespoke in a tongue un- known to those cresentopresentpresentopreppe sento after the blessiblessirifblessingrif was completedcompletelycompletedycomplecompie tedy he stated that zina card who was the wife of charles ora card interpreted the message into englishengilenglisherEnglienglishedsheoshedshoo15 nuttall recorded that he traveled a total of 10271 miles in 1899 andan held seventynineseventy nine meetincrsmeetingmeetingsoso his writings also indicate that he continued to be active in the three areas explained above until his journal ended six months before his deathdeaths

nuttailnuttaiinuttallnutkuttallKut talltailtaii journalsjournaljournal11 august74august 747 1899 the seventhseventh article of faith in the mormon church states ttwehtwewe believe in the gift of tongues prophecy revelation visions healing interpretation of tontonguesgues etcetcoecco 911 CHAPTER IX

DEATH AND FUNERAL

salt lake services

A life of devoted service to the church and country ended the evening of february 23 1905190igo asa leonard john nuttallnuttailnuttaii passed away peacefully at his home on west temple street in salt lake city at the ageago of seventy one although he became ill a 7pearyearrear before his death and never fully recov- ered helielleile had continued to be active and hihis3 death came as a surprisesurpriso at the announcement of his death the deseret newnews s printedprintprintessprintedsedteds with the death of leonard john nuttall the community loses a useful just and true man one whose life and labors are known throughout thebhe entire rocky mountain region 0 few men were better known or more loved than the deceased ienfen thethoeho deseret sunday school board presided at the funeral the following sunday as seymour BD young conducted the servicesservi oese the services were heldheidhold at four pm in the assemblyass embly hall on templtempitempletempie squaresquaroaquaro and the music was furnished by the templetempietompie cholrchoirchoirs eldor anthony llelie110H lund described nuttall i as a manmantmans

& who always engaged in doinodoing good heilelie loved to work adand his study was to make it successfulbuoosuooossfillOssessfillfullfuli heho spent

yows ldeseretidesineslDesde seresoreeretoretorebtalewsnewsnows february 24 9 1905190igo 117 118 hihiss lifeilfe6 in trying to build up the work of the lord upon the earthlif and the lord blessed him fforfonor his efeffortsforts he was a lovable man ever affable and had a pleasant greet- ing fforor all2alla several speakers commented on an industrious quality possessed by brother nuttall george reynolds with whom he labored as a secretary to the president of the church for several years told the assembly that nuttall was a man who could always be depended upon to respond to every call made upon him this same newspaper account which reported on thebhe address of john winderwhoWinder who was a counselor to joseph P11 smith said the speaker knew of no man better prepared to goro than brother nuttallnuttailnuttaii 11 the deceased was honoredhonoredned by the presence of the first presidency several of the twelve apostles and members of the sunday school board president joseph F smith spoke highly of him he was a man among men always faithful alwayalwayss to be trusted he was a truedtrueytrue honest andfaithfuland faithful servant of the lord he never made a misstep so far as his devotiondevdov obion to the church wawass concerned and he assedpassed away fully entitled to a crown of righteousness

prprovoavoqvo funeralfunpunora 1

A second funfuneraleral was heldheidhold for brother nuttailnuttaii at proveprovo the next monday he hadbadbedhed many friends andano relativesandrelatives

21bido2 ibid february 27 1905190igo

31bid31biobidblo february 22127127 190igo19059 11 Y there 9 for he had resided in the city for over twenty years and elisabethelizabetheilzabethellzabeth had returned for the last seventeen years of her life four boys in this first family were pallpallbearersbearers many oidtoldold time friends came to the provo services including veterans of the black hawk war with whom nuttall had served some of thenthem sang the memorial odeodet and the other music waswa s furnished by the tabernacle choir of proveprovo 9 of which L john was a member for many years in his earlier life the first presidency of the church were again represented by anthony ELHO lund who spoke for the second time the stand was taste- fully draped in white and bunting vines and decorated with plants and flowers in front of the stand was placed a large photograph of elder nuttall anandd beautiful floral offerings covered the casket 114 in addition to brother lulundnd other speakers were john smith who was patriarch in proveprovo seymour BOB young of the sunday school board bishop ralph poulton of provo and elder samuel S jones and william A morton these men spoke of the usefulqsefufu upright and honorable career of the deceased and fmaamaadede ffitting reference to his intggrlintegrityty and faithfulness 00of the principles of the gospelgo spelspeiapel

09 4 4deseretajerejer ettetc neassnewssN february 28 19059190igo 51bidle51ibidbidle APPENDIX A

WILLIAM AND MARY LANGHORN NMTALL

compiled by reed nuttall

ki APPENDIX A

WILLIAM AND MARY LANGHORN NUTTALL compiled by reed nuttanuttallanutta11 william nuttanuttaiinuttallanuttall11 was a shipbuildershipbulderlI1 born at skrtonsartonskertone near the city of lancashire england his trade ledle d him up andand ddownown the weswestt coast of england living for a while at carlyle in the county of weistmwestmwestmorelandoreland and later establishing his familyatfamilfamilyyatat liverpool it Is not known if his trade led him out to sea but he did bebecomecome fairly well fixed while he lived at liverioliverpoliverpooloieoleolo010 the nuttall family brig1natedoriginated at burybubunyry lancashire eng the name was first spelled nuthalghnuthaighnubNuthaigh which means nutfleldnutfieldo it Is thought that the people who lived on the lane that wentwont from bury to the field of nuts near the town werewe re first called cohnjohn georgegeorge william or richard of nuthaighnuNutththalahhaighthalphalrhalph lane soon it was shoshortenedrt e ned to nuttall there Is still a roadroanoadnoa d leaiealeadingding out to bury called nuttall lane tradi- tion has it that the early members of the family were weavers we think wllllanswilliamtsWilliawilliamesmts grandfather richard moved north to better his condition and have some evidence that his and his wife ts bodies were returned to bury after their death for burial in the old churchurchch of that cityoltyolby Williawilliamwilliamtswilliamesmts wife mary langhorn nuttall a beautiful lady kind and good was descendedde scesoe ndedanded from some of tthehe finest of northern englandenglands families and her linealineagege tracetracess back to england t s early kikingsngs she was a cousin of john taylor who later became president of the church william and mary their threethroe sons william ephriam leonard john and joseph andand willamwlliamwilliam ephriamlephriamsS sweetheartSw e 0 theart rosamond emily watsonwats on joined the churchurchchanohanandd1werewere batibatizedbaptizedP zed in loo1001850 by john taylor who was in europe at the time to perobapurobapurchasese machinery for the manufacture of sugar from bebeetsets grown here in the west the machinery was purchased in the fall of 1818151 1 laiial and left in chargchangchargee of Meilasellaseltas morrismo and the br othersothe rs 0 O liasilas rris nuttall 11 march 6 lq21852 they sasailed1 led from liverpool 0onrt the hipships 11rckwaycnwayrockaway0 a capt philip dedo la16 mare and a capt 1russellluesellrusseli had preprecededceded sic them to the states to purchase special wagons and oxen to haul the heavy machinery as some of the largest piecepiecess weighed over lb16 ttonsons about the 2th25thath of apriltheyapril they arrived at new orleans and all was transferred to river on smaller boats thathatthabb took the machinery and the accompanying saints up the missourmissourii to ftsatsft leavenworth the first fiftyfisty wagons theybotthey bothothobbob were made in st louis after the great fire the lumberlurnber wawass green and seasonedunseasoned and the wagons soon began breaking down ununderdardordqr the terrific loads that were placed in them these were given to 121 12122 saints withlighterwith lighter loads and fortytwoforty two grgreababa b santa fe wagons were purchased of charles HOH berryoperryperryo only about thirty saints had sailed from england on the rockawayrockawaysrockaway1t1 but by the time they left ftoatoft leaveleavenworthnw 0rththethe cocompanympa ny had bbeenle en joinedoinedcoined bbyy mamanyny saints and it became the longest wagon train to cross the plains up to that timefcimco it was now about the farstfirst of july and the real hard- shishlshipp of the journey beganbegano toirsthaul such loads over the rough prairie trails across rivers great and smallsmailsimillysrmilly climb steep mountain canyons thru all kinds of weather wasw as an undertak- ing that tried mensmons souls at sweetwater river they experienced the first severe snow storm two feet of snow and zero weather during the night of the storm many of tho cattle got away some werewore never foundfounds supplies ran low and sosomeme of the cattle had to be killed to eat farther along the wyoming trail they were met by joseph homehorne and laberlauerlaborlal-jer at fort bridger by abraham 00oo0 smoot with fflourfloun10 ur andan d supplies at bearboar river more storm forced them to leave some of the heaviest wagons whlewhichh werweree brobrott on to salt lake city the next springsprings theythoy crossed the bearboarbean river travelled on down thru emigration241141211 migratiagrati on canyon to salt lalakeke city then on to proveprovo it was now late in november having taken five months to travel over 1200 miles from fort leavenworth to provo their wonewomenn were no 1lessess brave and worked right along with theirthe ir mmene n william ephriam had marriedmarrimanri d Rrosamond0 s a ffioneffion d ememilyemliyi 1yay watson before thetheyy left glandoenglandenglandoEn she had beenloeen disowned and lickedkicked out by her family becaasbecausbecausee she had jijoinedined the church of the hated Morcormonsmormonsmons on the trip to utah she became pregnant with her first son and truly experienced the hardship and in- convenience of those times we modern folks can hardly con- ceive of the trialstrials the pioneer women endured sleeping on the ground with never enough bedding taking the few baths they got in some cold river at night so no one would embarrass them going days with sdardelyscarcely enough watelwater to drink leletiett alone to wash with the constant chore of meals prepared ovoverer camp fires oftimesofofttimestimes made oi-only117117.117 of buffalo chips the everiaeveniaeverlastings ti ng pendingmending of worn out clothing the cheering of their haustedexhaustedekhaustedek men the consoling of tiretinetiredtinedd and weary children the bearing and caring for babes tendintendingbendin9 the ill andananod laying away lovedcoved1oved ones who could no longer sustain life in those trying days on the banks of the timpanogosM agoganoggosos crooked rocky er tiTimpano provo rivriver as it was called by the indians 0 later amednamedn river rosaosrosamondamond emilyemliy had her child in a wagon bed they had camped near the precious machinery to batowatowatchh it thru the winter the bedbeobodboo of the wagon had been set off the running gears s6saso william ephriam could use them to hauhaul1 logs fforor their firstarstfirst home this baby boy was born the lth11thlithalthith of march 1831853 about ffourfounour inches of snow on the ground and the weather coldo he was named william george 1 it 0 leonard john nuttaiinuttall was born at liverpool england he attended st brides school of that citcocityooltyo when he was 16 123 he histhis parents and two brothers joined the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints he was a diligent and studious ladiad1aaa d and the wonderful doctrines of the restored gospel made a deep impression on himhimehimo helielleile was one of the stalwarts on the to sharing work and trip 1 utah the hard suffering of that momentuoumomenfcuouss sic journeyjourneysjournjourneyoeyo soon after arriving in utah he joined the kauvokauvoonauvonauvoo0 legion and participated in many of the skirmishes with the indians as well as thebheuhe evacuation of the saintssaints at the time of the johnstons armyo he bebecamecame one of the leading officers of the leblonlegionbeforelegion before itIA was disbanded achieving rank of colonelCO lonelionel Ssoonoon afaftert er comoomcominging to utah ho fell in loveiovelovo wiwithth a lovely english lass elizabeth clarkson and they vierewere marriedmarmanriednied at proveprovo he taught school farmed and was active in church and civic affairsaffairsoaffairsoinso he was sent to canabkanab asals stake president when that area was settledosettledo heilellelie was the recorder of the ge settledpie first st georgeorbeorge temple 0 heeieele was a beautiful writer and penmanpenmanopenmann much of his writing was written so fine it isLs dificultdifficult sic to read it without a magnifying glassgiassoglasso he kept an efteextensiveexte nsive diary most of his lifeilfelifcolefco several dates and points in church history were cleared up thru ininformatinformantinformationformat ion from his diaryolary about the time john taylor became residentpresident11 of the church he seleselectedoteddoted lo10L john as his personal secretary and asa s such he accompanied the church leaderleadenleaderss to washington DCdoc when they wentwent to plead for the church about polygampolygamypolygamyoyo he was one of the leaders in trying to get justice forfor the people of the church during the trials aandndtronetrotroublesubiesuhles about rolfolroiPolygampolygamyoagamyygamyyo heile was custodian of the church property for a while and alsoaiso0 served as secretarocretarysecretary for president wilford woodruffewoodruffowoo-druff alsaishe returned to his native england on a mission and was privileged to visit and preach the gospel to mnmanyanyy of hishi s relativerelativesrelativesoso his second wifegife was his secsecondond 0Ocousinou sin sophia taylor daughter of john taylor and harriet whitakerwhitcakerwhifcaker he anahisandhisand his two families established a number of homes in utah lilivingving at various times at saltsait lake city canabkanab st george and sev- eraleral places in provo he also built the first log cabin in spring lake joseph nuttall was the youngestyouagestngest of three brothers he wwasa s 14 when he joined the churchcharchochurcho heho too joined the nauvoo lelegion9 lonion soon afat terberher his arrival iinn utah aandn d served many years quelling indian raids and helping to keep order in the tetritorterritoryTetritor1 he also attendedattendedstodedatost bridebridess schooschool1 in livliverpoolerpoolpooi his first wife enilyemily isabelle chesley died witwithoutholit ississueue and he later married susan amelia saunsoseesaunsoseeo 0 0 0 they lived most of their life in provo farming taking part in church and civic affairs of the towntownotogno joseph was called on a mission to england where he served two yearspearsoyearsoQ 0 0 4 APPENDIX B

THE HISTORY OF L 4 JOHN NUTTALL

by clara 0 N giles APPENDIX B

THE HISTORY OF lo10L JOHN NUTTALL by clara C noN giles in liverpool england july 60 1834 was born a little boy who was namedname d leonard john this was my father his parents were elleliwliilamwilliamWilliala nuttall and mary langhornLanshorn both branches of the family were wellweilweliwo 11 known for their professional and business ability his early education was had at ststo brides school in liverpool and at the age of 13 12 he was bound an apprentice as a ship and boatboat maker he and his parentsarents and brother josephjoselphjoseiph were baptized in liveraliverpoolliverpoolooi001 oct 808 ibalaoiaoibo150180 by apostle john taylotaylorr his brother william had been baptized one month earlier the family composed of the parents and the three boys emigratede rhinhi grated sic to utah in 1852 they sailed across the atlantic in the ship rockaway starting march 6 1821852 and landing in new orleans the latter part of aprilsaprilo this same ship carried the machinery for the first beet sugar factorfactoryy that was built in amerlameulAmeriamericaamericalamericaocaecao the compancompanyy arrived in salt lake city odtoct 10 1821852 and in november moved to troveproveprovo where they made their home and took a part in the early development and building up of that city the same year the nuttall familyfamily arrived in prove another family of four cacameme from hull england this was composed of thomarhomathomasthomaas and kitty clarkson and two daughters ann and elisabethelizabethellzabetheilzabeth leonard john met and 200woowooeded elisabethelizabethellzabetheilzabeth and they were married docidecsdecedeosdoce 2502 186lag1856 to them 12 childchildrenten were born nine of whom were living at the death of ouourr parents it was in july 1831853 that he firsta tookto 0ic part in the suppression of the indian outbreaks firtwhich resuresulteditedcited in such hardships to the saints in utah and saipesanpesanpetete countiecountiess during 185718571837 a the fall and wintervintertgintert from august to sept 9 as regimental adjustantAdjust ant sic of the first regiment utah military district he took an active part in defending the rights of the people in what was known as the bucannanbuchannanBucannan war he was in the mountains exposed to the perils hardships and winter weather and was oneono of the 110 men detailed in case the order should be given to destroy salt lake city and make a barren desolate waste it heileeleeie wawass elected colonel of the first regiment first brigade utah military district may 8 18ul8b6 and received his 125 126 commissioncommis sionslon fronfrom governor charles durkee and he left provo 66 .9 aug 1915 181866 9 in command of a detachment of cavalry consconsist-st ining9 of 71 men on an expedition against the utah indians the expedition was part of the black hawk war the command was made up mostly of young men from utah county only eight of whom were marrien3arriedd in the church he was ever an energetic member in the fall of 1831853 he associated with williamwwilliam W alienallengilen henry whiteandwhiseandwhite and elizabeth roper organizing the first sunday school in provo classes were held in the first log rietingmeetingrie house those I1 have nanamedmed officiating as officers and teachersteachtoachersaersoenso he received the ordinatbordinatordinationslonstons to the priesthood in their orderonderorders lugaiugaaug 31t31 1867 he was ordained to be a elghhighfligh priest and set apart as a high councilor in utah takestake and as the clerk of the high councilCouncliocilo he also remained activeaotive in sunday school aandnd was the leader of the tabernacle choirohoir for many years he was appointed to ttakeake a mission to great britain and leftlaftloft homehomo june 29 1874187184 inn company with elder david mckenzieMcKe nale john henry smith and peter sinclairsinclairesinclairoSinclairo he labored in thebheuhe durham and ne- wcastle eonconconferoncosfereneferenofeneno es andand in the liverpool officeoflkoflieeleeice upon his return home he was called to southern utah andeaandwaand wass set aapartPart as bishobishopP of the eancanabkankanabab wardwardewardo he leftloft provo with his family in novemberNoVernber 1875187 and went to his nenewvv field of labor in dec 1876he1876 he wentwent to attend the dedicatory serv- icesiceieelee s of the ststimstip george empleempietempletempieT here he was called by freprepnepress brigham young to labor and was recorderrecreoneo orderorden for oveoverovenr three months eavinhavinhavingg been calledealleilelie d to presidepreside in the canabkanab stake he left st georgegeorge in company with apostles john taylortaylo10rt Lorenslorenzoso snow and erastus snow for kanaeanacanabkanabb and on april 171 1 1877 the canabkanab stake of zion was organized with L john nuttallnutta 11 as president howard 0 spencer and james lo10L bunting nselorscounselorsc6ucau he magn- ified his calling and continued in this position until june ilslly1414. 187918 7 9 whewhenn he wawass honorably released having beenbeeh called to labor as private secretaryse cretary to prpresprose s john Ttaylora71or elder Ggeorgeeorge reynolds who had been the secretary havinhavingg been sensentencedtended to prison for conscience sakeosakevsabev my father served in this position for eight years he was with fresprespros taylor during the years of his exile and was at his bedside at the time of his death july 252 188718870 he continued as secretary to presprospreso wilford woodruff until the spring of 1892 when in consequence of ill healthhealthy he was released to perform other duties that would give him more outside exercise he was appointed by frespresprea woodruff to take charge of the church and ward real stateestateestave matters and to look after the legal interesinheresintereststs of the relief oclooisocietyocietyevy of the churchchurch in this work hhe was actively engaged until the time of his deathdeathsdeathe in the civil history of provo he walswasWELs also prominent he was electerlectedelected to the city council of proveprovo in 86111861 and was also appointed recorder and auditor of the city in the same year these offices he held until 1871875

11 127 heilelle waswa s probaprobatete and county clerk of utah gountyandcountGountcountyyandand took the oath of office mar 21 0 186 holding this office fforor ten years heilelle waswaz interested in1nan the organization of the cooper-cooper ative storestoresS and the woolen mills in proproveprovovo in febfebopeb 1870 lal&L john nuttall did the first printing performed in utah comityC at provo citoltcityoltyy on his own printingprinting press on sunday morning sept 3 1870 while my father was atat springvilleSpringville attending sunday schooschool1 hishi s home and allaliail his householdh effecteffectss were destroyed by fire the citizens were called out of meetingmooting to save what they could but all hhomeomeope household property hay and grain were destroyed in a short time the loss being estimated at frofromm five to six thousand dollars reservedheservedhe served two terms inthein thebhe legislature of utahsutahasutah as chiefchi ef clerk he also served as a regent at the ttiveetiveuniversityrsityrosity of deseret for several years from 1881 to 1885 he wetWELwasstheathethe superintendent of district schools forutahfor utah territory 0 and he was a director in several of the leading mercantileiner cantile establishmentestablishmentsestablishmentsoso my father spent three years in washington DC130 in company with the hon john TsT cainecalne the delegate from utah assisting hihimm in his labors my grandfathorwilliamgrandfather william nuttaiinuttallnuttailnuttall11 diedd ie dinin provo march 18018 1864 age 67 years kymy grandmother mary langhorn nuttailnuttallnuttaiinutt a 11 died at Wallswallsburgburg utah april 17 1880lago acaseagee 81 years and 4 months myfatheromy father lal919L john nuttall was a busy man both re-reenreemremm ligiobigioligiouslyu slysiyaly and civilly and discharged every duty imposed upon himwithhimwichhim with that zoal and fidelity which characterisescharacterizesohargl cterizes godtsgod faithful serservantsvants he passed to his reward in salt lakdcitylake cityolty february

230239 1901905igo1 I at the age of 70 years and 4months4 months APPENDIX C

PARENTS AND FAMILIES OF LEONARD JOHN NUTTALL APPENDAPPENDIXIX 0

PARENTS OF LEONARD JOHN NUTTALLVUTTALL

WULIAMWILLIAM NUTTALL father ichardrichardR nuttall nothermothermothers elizabeth thompson birth 19 july 1796 at skertonshertonSkerton lancaster england deathdeaths 4 march 18611864 at proveprovo utah

MARY LANGHORN

father s john langhorn mother s eleanor taylor birthbirths 23 december 17961798 ata skap westministerWest minister england marriagemarriages 8 july 1822 at lancaster england deathdeaths 19 april 1880 at proveprovo utah

CHILDREN

I1 william ephraiephraimephralmephraemm nuttall 1821899518251899182 18995 2 leonard john nuttall 1834190183419051834 1905190igo 330 joseph louis nuttall 18361912183618364019121912

129 130

FIRSTFTRST FAMILY OF LEONARD joenJOHN NUTTALL

ELIZABETH CLARKSON

fatherfathers thomas clarkson mother kitty mccoy birth 28 april 1836 marriage 225 december 1861856 at provo utah death 18 july 1902 at provo utah

CHILDRENCITILDREN

1 elisabetheilzabethelizabethellzabeth ann nuttall borndorn 1 april 1881858 at provo utah married george shumway 9 april 1879 eight children died 2 february 1933 2 leonard john nuttailnuttallnuttaiinut talltalitaii jr born 5 december 1891859 ata provoo utah married christina little 11 march 18601880 fourteen ohildrenlidrenchildren died 17 october 1949191191911.9 3 thomas clarkson nuttall born 19 october lagilagl1861 at provo utah married larrietharrietI1 0 self 6 oemberdecemberDe 1883 four children died 1 december 1920 4 joseph william nuttallnuttaiinuttail born 16 december 1863 at proveprovo utah unmarried died 8 december 1917 5 mary clariesclarisoclarkso onn nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttalltailtaii born 27 december 1865186 at provo utah married alma tloldawayiioldaway died 131 66o60ao george albaibalberte rt nuttall born 24 september 1867 at american fork utah married olivia berborberg 28 may 1889 one child died 252 january 19141954 7 eleanor clarkson nuttall 1870 provo born 2 september 180187 at 3 utah MarrimarriedmalinmarriededMalinmalin M warner 8 november 1892 four earrichildren died 30 april 191955 80Q A daughter stillborn born 10 october 1869 at provo utah 990 leanora clarkson nuttallnuttailnuttaii born 12 febrfebruaryudry 1873 at provoprovos utah died 2 november 1874187184 10 clara clarksclarksonon nuttall born 252 march 1875 at proveprovo utah married joseph giles 252 june 190211902 eight children died 252 october 195519 ils11 heber clarkson nuttall born 5 may 18718777877 at canabkanab utah unmarried died 5 naymay 1897 12lae120 allfordwilfwllfordord ciarclarolarclarksonksonakson nuttall born 29 march 1878 at canabkanab utah mermarmenmarriedrie d deliadelladeila lowelowey 29 june 189918 g four children died 13 april 1935193igo

SECOND FAMILY OF LEONARD JOHN NUTTALL

SOPHIASOPHTA TAYLORTASTLOR father john taylor mother harriet ann whitaker births 14 july 18491811819 9 at salt lake cityolty utah Marrimanrimarriaizemarriagesaize 31 august 1871875 at salt lake city utah deathdeaths 20 march 1909 at salt lake city utah 132

CHILDREN

1 john taylor nuttallnutnub talltailtaii born illlii1 august 1876 at canabkanab utah died 226 june 1881 2 harrietharrletiet taylor nut tall bornborn 12 april 1879187189 at salt lake city utah died 27 september 1879 3 sophia elizabeth taylor nuttall born 9 bruaryfefebruarybreary 188111881 at salt lake city utah died 7 october 1882 440 william taylor nuttallnuttailnuttaii born 2 march 1883188 1 at salt lake citacitv utah married olive karlenarlemariekarmar ie christensencitibak1k june 19091909y two children died 28 october 1918 5 lenora taylor nuttall bornB orn illittlit14 march 1885 at rivRi verdalevendalerivendaleerdend aieaioalo utah married george B andrews 14 march 1908 no childrenchildrenchi ldren died 29 november 1911 606 marmarymanmanyy taalortavlortaylor nuttall born 16v16 julyjuljui 1889 aatt salt lake city utah marriedhyrfimmarried hyrum J christiansen 2 june 1909 six childrechildrenn died 26 november 1941 APPENDIX D revelationR atlonATION TO PRESIDENT WILFORD WOODRUFF

NOVEMBER 242 1889 APPENDIX D

revelation TO PRESIDENT WILFORD WOODRUWOODRUFFPr NOVEMBER 24 1889

thus saiththeSaithsaitch the lord to my servant wilfordWl lfordiford I1 the lord have heard thy prayers andand thy request 9 and will answer thee by the voice of my stritespiritsP thus salthsaith the lord unto my servants the presidencystrittof my church who hold the keys of the kingdom of god on the eartheartho I1 the lord hold the destiny of the courts in your midst 9 and the destinydestinyof of this nation and all other nations of the earth in mine own hands all that I1 have revealed and promised and decreed concerning the generation in which youy live shall comecoraecorne to pass and no power shall stay my hand let not my servants who are called to the presidencypresidencyof ofof my churchchurchy deny my word of my law whichW concerns the salvation of the children of men letthemleathemlet them pray for the holy spirit which shall be given them to guide them in their acts place not yourselves in jjeojeopardyPardy to your enemies by prpromiseamiseomise your enemies seek yoyourur destruction and the destructioneructiondestructiontructruotion 0fmyof my people if the saints will hearhearkenken unto my voice and the counsel of my Sservantservants the vvickenickedwicked shall not prevail let my servantsservantslnusl who officiaofficialofficiatete as your counselors before the courts make their pleadings as they are moved upon by the holy spirit without any further pledges frfromam6m the priesthood and they shall be justified 3I1 the lord will hold the courts withthewith the officers of vernmentsgovernmentgovernvennmentsmenty and the nation responsible for thetheirir acts towards the inhabitants of zion I1 jesujesuss christ the savior of the world amELM in your taidsmidstmaidst I1 am 7ouradvocateyour advocate withthewith the father fear riotnot little flockflook it is your fatherfathers good pleasure to 9lvegiveive you the kingdom fear not ththee wicked and ungodly search thetiietike scripturescripturesS for they areare they which testify of me alsoaisodiso those revelations whichwhi6hi I1 have given to my servant joseph and to all my servants since the world began which are recorded in the rerecordscords of divine truthtruthstruthe those revelations contain the judgments of god which are to be poured out upon all nations under the hbheavensavens which include great babylonbabyloneionelono thesethesse judgments are at the dd9rd6prdupr they will be fulfilled as god lives leave judgment with me it is mine salthsaith the lord watch the signs of the titimestimeameamee and they will show thefulfllthe fulfillmentnentment of the words of the lorddordlondsdonds let my servants call upon the lord in mighty prayerprayers retain thehe holy ghost as your constanconstantt companion and act as Yyouqu moved upon by be 1 are that spirit and all will well with 134 13135 youu9ua ththe wicked are fast ripening in inequity sic and they will be cut off by the judgments of god great events await you and thlthithiss genegeneratigenerategenerationrati on and are nigh at your doors awake 0 israel and have faith in god and his promises and heH6 will not forsake you I1 the lordwi11lordloro will deliver my saints from the dominion of the wickedwiewicke d in mine owownn ddueue ttimei me anandd- wayway I1 cannot deny my word neither in blesbiesblessingssings nor dgme d jujudgmentsdaments therefore let mine anointed giigaigird up their loinloinss 9 watch and be sober and keep my commandmentcommandmentsoso fraypray alftysalways and faint not exercise faith in the lord and in the promises of god be valiant in the testimtestimonyony of jesus christch isto the eyes of the lord and the heavenly hosts arearo watching over you and your acts thereforethere fore be faithful until I1 comescomeegomescome TI1 Ccome0me quicklybicklyquickly to reward every man according to the deeds done in the body even sosoesoo amen bibliography bibliography

books

A mormon Arrington 9 leonard J dervilleordervilleOr utah pipioneeraneeroneer experiment econoifcineconomicin organization utah state agricul- tural college monograph series II11 kono 2 march 19419540 benntbennibennionon M lynlynnn mormonism and educationeducaaduca t i on salt lake city deseret news press 19319399 cannon georbegeorgegeor9e q journal of discoursdiscoursepiDi scourscours sesseae s june 1882 london albert carrington isb91d69isby litho 19519blgbigo A centenaryC enten ary of relief Sosociety 184219421842 1942 salt lake city general board of theciezelezreliefrelie4reliedk society 1942194.2 clark jamesJAMes R the kindomkingdom9 of god the council of fifty anandd the state of deseret utahutah historicalhiatoriviatori c al aaruanuarntentrjlj april 19819581.958 delamaredeladlarep thomas sugar machinery brought to utah quoted s aryqry 1 in tartercartertantergarter kate treatreasures-ures of1 pioneer elstelathiathisto vol I salt lake city daughterdaughters of thetho utah pioneers 1921952 doetrineanddoctrinedootrinedoeDoo trine andcovenantsand covenants salt lake city church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saints 196019600 jenjensonson andrandrewew 1 ldesldvsld31 bib1ographi7ra cicalhicaloaioal enuclopediaeneye lope di a 0 4 volsvoisbolsovolso salt lake city andrandrewew jebsonrfenafen s on history company 1901190111 jublieejubilee histohi atoryr of the latterlatlatterdaydazday saint-sa int sundasunday school 1849 isugisgg10 salsaisaltsattsalb fcaaca kee oryo011 y deseret sundayS Un ay schoolC i unionunionsunson 1900 litlittielittlelivt le jaj6janiesme s A jacob hamblin A narrnarnatiyeakiye of his jpersonal EXperlenpperiencesperiener161.6se n cesoesc e s aa frontiersman eiselsmis si onaryconary aqtq bliebile indiansans andan rxarxexplorerexptoreri 0rer saltsatt lakedake cityolty te s ere t hewsnews pr e Is 19 09 N B e lundwalundwall11 P eddo tenpietempletempietempless of the most eihohlhohahoeiphelph salt lake city utah printing coo0oooo 1900 1 F pu- millannmillennmillennialu6uaP I 1starstadstartstars liverpool england joseph smith 11sheblisherrtoarto 1741741875187418715741874 1871875 137 138

minuteminutesS of the canabkanab united orderorderaorder1 quoted in carroll elsie chamberlain eedd historbistoreiselshia tory of kane countycountyo salt lake city daughters of the utah pioneerspioneerst9b0l9b0o moffitt john C the histohi st ory ofoflkofl publicpub licilc educationbdaxcationnin utah 0 salt lake cityolty lb1 keff andrewandrew lovloveloveelove0 e historyhistoxyhi atorystonyatony of utahitahoutaho salt lake city deseret nevlsnews press 101940 platform of the republican party adopted at philadelphia juneatijtine 17 18618560 11 quoted in porter kirk II11 adedo nanationalti ona 1 partpartyj naltformsnaLtplatfplantfformsorms new york 1928 roberts brigham H A coC omprehensivgrehensiveprehensive historyhis tory of jthe church of0 T prols jesus christghrist of latterddazdayd iz sainosaints b olsoisnrols 0 saitsalt lake city deseret newslatterpress 1930 smith joseph fielding essentials in chuichchurchatisjtiseistelsthisttaj 0 salt lake city deseret news pressy 1924 trj utahutahwriters1writers projectprojects provo marmomormon pioneerpi qncjer citj portportlandland oregon binfordsBinfords and mort 19igiigl422 whitney orson fo elshishistorytory of utah 4 volsvoisvolsicvolsio salt lake city cannon and sons id921q92

Ggo woodruff wilford 0 discourses quoted in durham homer ededo oun s 0 our se I1 piegg discoursesiftelg30 afof6f wilford woodruff salt lake city book raftcraft co 1946194b young brigham history of brigham young millennial star 18441844p ppo 328 journal olof01 dipi seso ourgurses8 e a october 8 1868 london mertaneedtmert7Carrcarrfagtonoarrarrin9tonnatonfagton 1669lueg 1fthofehontho 19619560 leonardlaonardlgonard john nuttallnuttaiinuttailnuttalltailtaii recordsre oordaboorda records inirilriirl possession of brigham young university containing diarlediariess letterss certificates military records and other miscellaneousletterpapers expeditionitexp0dition to sevier county august 15p1 1866l86611866111 this manuscript of nuttallnuttalsnuttallsNuttalsaisallsails expedition is in his handwriting musteeustermusterr r0rarollroli11 of the first regiment first brigade utah county military nisDISdistricttrictbrict october 24 1886 1tat this MS contains an inventory of nuttallsnuttallfsNuttallsalisails command in the black hawk warwareyare 139 nuttall leoleonardnard johnjohno journals of leonard john nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttalloNut tallotailo twtwentysixtwentye nty Ssixix handwritten diaries from 18718775 to 1904 except for parts of 1881 1882 and 1883 also periods from 1881887188518877889188778851885188 1887 189318991893 1899 and 190119031901190301901 19031903o the library Is also in possession of four volumes of typescript of these diaries 0 nuttallnuttailnuttaii leonard johnjohno letter press bookebooksobookshi four volumes from1879from 1879 to 190319030 nuttall leonard john pencil diary this partially legi- ble diary contains an account of an expedition to echo canyon during the utah war and other miscellaneous entries unpaged

other01 her uneublishedubiesubi1spublishedhe d matermat e r1ralaislalstaisbalsa Is batembatemandn samuelasamuelo diary of samuel BatbatemanemanO tt typescript in possession of brigham young university provo utahitahoutaho brigade record of the brigade second division nauvoo 11 first legion 1866 unpublished MSSessoassomsso in possession of brigham young university

I1 brimhall george hoH letter to Llo10 john nuttall june 44. 188718870 0 bunting joseph laL letter to Llo10 john nuttallnuttail january 20 1882 cannocannonn george Q the history of the Morcormonsmormonsmons 4 their persecu- titionon and travetravelstraveis1sas written in 1891 on file in brigham young university libraryLibralibraryoryo chamberlain thomas 0 letter to Llo10 john nuttall august llyliylbib1414. 188018840 clark james Rro church and state relationships in education in utah unpublished edd dissertation utah state uni- versityversity logan utah 19581980 frostfrostlfrosty allenailenalienaliene diary of alienallenailen frost 183819011838 1901 this typescript is in possession of brigham young university giles clara C Nno history of elizabeth clarkson Nutnuttaiinuttalltailatailotallo lt typed copy in possession of brigham young universityunlvorsityo

0 historyflhistbry of lo10L john nuttallenuttalloNuttalletalietallo typed copy in posses- sfsionon of brigham young university ibo140 hansen klaus 10 the theory and practice of the political kingdom of god in mormon history 182918901829 1890 unpublished mastermasters thesis brigham young university 1991959 historlofhistoryHist orlofof the canabkanab stakestakeostaked MSSassomsso giving chronological ac countcounty at church historianhisfcorianss office salt lake city utahitahoutaho

history of the kancanabkanabab wardwardo essoMS S giving chronological4 ac- countcount at thurechurechurchh historianhistorians s offofficeI1 ce salt lake city utahitahoutaho johnson nephienephilsnephila letter to Llo10 john Nutnuttallnuttailtailotallo august 17ayiy 1883 journal history of the church of jesus christ of latterlatterdayday saint-saintlosaintsos 11 daybydayday by day account of the history of the church at chuchurchrch historians officeoff 1 ce salt lake city utahitahoutaho jourjournalnalnai of thetheprovoprovo school of prophetsprophetsoProphe tso these minutes run frfrom0fn 44aprilPrilrii 151 1868 to january 7 187118710 microfilm copy in possession of brigham young university provo utahitahoutaho go maeser t kaeariearlkarlrl 3 letters to lo10L john Nutnuttallnuttaiinuttailtalli august 21 1886 november 20 1886 january 22 1887188 february 22 1887188 and eaymay 41 1887188710188740 minutes of the council of 10 188018800 11 typescript fifty april proveprovo in possession of brigham young university 9 utahitahoutaho minutesiminuteb oftheodtheof the provo city council 18611821861186118721872 11 unpublished city records in the provo city offices provo utahitahoutaho nuttall family records in possession of floyd ilesgilesG provo nuttallkuttallnutta1lamilyfamily Recordrecordsrecordsoso in possession of woW reed nuttallnuttaiiNuttalisallsally provo utah nuttallnuttailnuttaii L johnjohnajohno territorial school reports 188018811880188018810l88l1881o in possession of brigham young university provo utah territorial school reports 188218831882 1883 in posses- sstahst5hon of brigham young university proveprovo utahitahoutaho nuttall Vwo reed ed william and mary nuttall MSS in possepossessionssionassion of woW reed nuttallnuttaiiNuttallf provo utah pace william doD letter from colonel pace to george A smith 1857 vembernovemberno 27127 9 187 in journal history of the church salt lake cityolty utahitahoutaho parks john roR letter to Llo10 john Nuttalnuttallqnut talltaiitaillq september lly14 188618860 ivlivi polpoipoll1 ricrichardharddD the twin relics a study of mormon polygamy and the campaigncampaienaign by the government of the united states for its abolition 18521821890185218901890 1 unpubunputunpublished14isheddished mastersmastery thesis texas christian university 1939 ft probate recordsrecordsads of utah countycountyo microfilm copy in utah county clerks office proveprovo utahitahoutaho recordsrecords of the provo ilitarymilitaryM district MSS records from aprilapr 2592 1871857 to may 17 1881858 in possession of brigham youngil university provo utahitahoutaho roderick judith ann A storicalhistoricalhi st orical study of the congressional careecareercareenr of john Tto calnecainegained unpublished mastermasters thesis brigham young university 1959199o1990 taylor aoA brucedeucemeuce complaint sworn before the probate court of salt lalakeke city november 10109log 1888 copy in nuttallnuttailnuttaiinuttallsNutt allsailsalis JourjournalsjournalojournalqjounJourn aloaioalQnalonaio webber T G letter to Llo10 john nuttall february 8 1887 williams parley lo10L territorial school reports 9.9 188618871886 1887 young zinazinaocinao letter to mrs J Eeo dillman and ellen karren march 491 189318930

newspapnewspaperrss deseret news salt lake city 1871901871857 1905c190igo salt lake Heralheraldheraldlodlo salt lake city 187018741870187011018741874

public documentspocupient s

ws 0 mutahr gompilod1pap lalaws4 4 f utahr statutes afofqf the 4tnitedunited states ap 1 aidable imp oifcys loelocallylocajlydoedooaliallw ajipucableP idable and imd rtantreant saltsaitsaftsatt lake cityolty herbertherbertent lemvrokepembroke ludd1688

C w1886 caC on executiveexe cutiveautive reaora8re P 9 187212 1886 book c4 file at utah division of arohlvesarcaregre ivesaivesp saltsalesaiesaibsalb lake city lawslawa of thetorrhetorthe territoryatory of stahlutahlutah 186 an act in relation to common schoolsS llooalloo1100 so 142lillii112 laws of the teterritoryrritoaritory ofofjjtahutah lq22 itanan act consolidating and ameamendingding school laws rt ilail5 report of the utahtjttatah commission totqaq the secretarsecretansecretatretarnetardetaryretary of the interior isqj16 bab7 salt akelake city4oifcy s tribune print TSSTT1867

inteingeinterviewsrviewsreviews baker annie nuttallnuttaiinuttalloNut tallotailo interview held at provo utah may 242 1962 moore ethel nuttallnuttail interview held at salem utah may 6 196219620 olson Eevava jenson interview held at the church historians office in salt lake city utah march 10 196219620 AV biographical ytisCMISSTUDY7 doOF ildvinaaLEONARD 2idio1010joenJOHN TIVLIIMNUTTALL PRIVATE SECRETARY7 01TO serpseappresidentsarilerlyenlyIN 0 joenJOHN UOUVITAYLOR dnaAND WILFOHD WOODRUFF

anuv abstract ofjo AV thesis presented to04 the department ofjo history&ao4sth olistaqbrighamw 007young university

inUI partial fulfillment ofjo the requirements forrofroj the degree ofjo master of scienceselenceQOUGTOS

bysq ciarenceclarence ofgo fjensenjenaenjenannnolueuaeug july 26611962 ABSTRACT

the purpose of this study was to provide a biography of leonard john nuttall special emphasis has been given to his contributions to church and civic affairs heilellelie was born in 183418311 in england and after joining the churchchurch in 1821852 he irmigratedimmigrated to utah and settled at provo nuttall became active in military civic and church affairs while residing in utah county he served as adjutant to colonel pace in the utah war and colonel in the black hawk war as he led an expedition to sevier county against thebheuhe indians heilellelie was elected alderman city counselor and city recorder in provo probate clerk of utah county and chief clerk of the utah legislature he also helped to organize the first sunday school in proveprovo and served as secretary of the proveprovo united order and school of prophets clerk of the high council in the utah stake and missionary to great britain in 1871875 mr nuttall was called by Frespresidentpres ident brigham young to be bishop of canabkanab ward in IKkaneeaneane Ccounty0 antyunty and preside over the wards and united orders in the area in 1877 he was set apart as stake presipreslpresidentdent when the canabkanab stake was organized during his reslresiresidencedenoe in canabkanab elder nuttall was prominent as he helped to advance community and eccieeccleecclesiasticalsiasticalsiasslastical affairs in 1877 john taylor called nuttallnuttailnuttaii to salt lake city 1 2 to assist in auditing the church financial records two years later he and his family moved to this city and he directed the canabkanab stake through correspondence and occasional visits to the area until being released in 188401881 the same year nuttall moved to salt lake city he began serving as private secretary to president john taylor he was also territorial superintendent of district schools from 1881 until 1886 he companaccompaniedacaccompanaccompanyled the church leadersleaders in hiding in 1885 and remained withwithpresidentpresident taylor until his deathdeathsdeathe nuttallnuttail served as a member of the council of fifty after 1880 and his records give valuable information on this topic president woodruff also assigned nuttall to be his secretary in 1887 in addition he accompanied john T calnecaine to washington dcejdrejdoey on two occasions nuttallsnuttallnuttailnuttaiiNuttallsalisails writings contain a revelation president woodruff claimed to have received on the manifesto and comments about the apostles feelings toward this issue in 1892 nuttall was relereiereleasedas ed as secretary to president woodruff and served as anadvisoran advisor to the relief society for incorporation and other legal battersomattersmattersomat terso he was also an aid to the sunday school union and member of the church edu- deseret 7 cationalcat ional system until his death in 1905190igo ABSTRA A inlvr