Wheelabrator Harewood Waste-to- Energy Facility
Appendix 13-1 – Heritage Desk-Based Assessment
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Appendix 13-1: Cultural Heritage Desk-Based Assessment
Wheelabrator Harewood Waste-to-Energy (WtE)
Facility Preliminary Environmental Information Report (PEIR)
WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd.
October 2019
Quality information
Prepared by Checked by Verified by Approved by
Loïc Boscher Annette Roe Leonora O’Brien Annette Roe Archaeological Regional Director, Cultural Associate Director Regional Director, Cultural Consultant Heritage Heritage
Mark Service Amy Jones Senior Built Heritage Technical Director, Cultural Consultant Heritage
Revision History
Revision Revision date Details Authorized Name Position
1 25/09/2019 Technical review Annette Roe Regional Director, Cultural Heritage
2 25/09/2019 Verification Leonora O’Brien Associate Director
Distribution List
# Hard Copies PDF Required Association / Company Name
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Prepared by: Loïc Boscher Archaeological Consultant D +44 (0) 20 3043 9656 M +44 (0) 7990 074244 E: [email protected]
Mark Service Senior Consultant, Heritage T +44 (0) 20 3043 9211 M +44 (0) 7990 074213 E: [email protected]
AECOM Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited Sunley House 4 Bedford Park Croydon CR0 2AP United Kingdom
T +44 (0) 20 3043 9200 aecom.com
© 2019 AECOM Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited. All Rights Reserved.
This document has been prepared by AECOM Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited (“AECOM”) for sole use of our client (the “Client”) in accordance with generally accepted consultancy principles, the budget for fees and the terms of reference agreed between AECOM and the Client. Any information provided by third parties and referred to herein has not been checked or verified by AECOM, unless otherwise expressly stated in the document. No third party may rely upon this document without the prior and express written agreement of AECOM.
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Site Location and Description ...... 1 1.2 Proposed Development ...... 1 1.3 Scope and Structure...... 1 2 Legislation and Planning Policy ...... 2 2.1 Legislation ...... 2 2.2 National Planning Policy ...... 3 2.3 Regional Planning Policy and Guidelines ...... 4 2.4 Local Planning Policy ...... 5 3 Assessment Methodology...... 6 3.1 Standards and Guidance ...... 6 3.2 Study Area ...... 6 3.3 Data Sources ...... 6 3.4 Site Visit ...... 7 3.5 Analysis Tools ...... 7 3.6 Historic Landscape Characterisation ...... 7 3.7 Assessment Criteria ...... 7 3.8 Consultation ...... 8 4 Baseline Conditions ...... 9 4.1 Physical Site Conditions ...... 9 4.2 Previous Archaeological Investigations ...... 10 4.3 Heritage Assets ...... 10 4.4 Archaeological and Historical Overview...... 11 4.5 Historic Landscape ...... 15 5 Assessment ...... 17 5.1 Significance of Designated Assets ...... 17 5.2 Significance of Non-designated Assets ...... 27 5.3 Potential Archaeological Remains ...... 27 5.4 Historic Landscape ...... 29 6 Conclusion ...... 30 References ...... 31 Appendix A Archaeological Gazetteer ...... 33 Appendix B Built Heritage Gazetteer ...... 36 Appendix C Figures ...... 44 Appendix D Plates ...... 60
Tables
Table 1 Results of Trip Pit Ground Investigations undertaken within the Site (AECOM 2018). Depths are presented below in metres above Ordnance Level...... 9 Table 2 Historic Borehole Data for boreholes within 500m of the Site. Depths are presented as metres below ground level...... 10
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Figures (Appendix C)
Figure 1. Site Location Figure 2. Archaeological Assets Figure 3. Historic Landscape Character Figure 4. Built Heritage Assets within 5km Figure 5. Built Heritage Assets within 15km Figure 6. Saxton’s map of 1575 Figure 7. Taylor’s map of 1759 Figure 8. Milne’s map of 1791 Figure 9. Greenwood’s map of 1826 Figure 10. Barton Stacey Tithe Map of 1840 Figure 11. First Edition 6inch Ordnance Survey Map of 1874, Sheet 24 Figure 12. Second Edition 6inch Ordnance Survey Map of 1896, Sheet 24SE Figure 13. Third Edition 6inch Ordnance Survey Map of 1874, Sheet 24SE Figure 14. Aerial photograph dated 1947 Figure 15. Aerial photograph dated 1972
Plates (Appendix D)
Plate 1 North-west facing view of southern part of Site Plate 2 North facing view of the northern part of the Site Plate 3 North facing view from the Site Plate 4 East facing view from the Site Plate 5 South facing view from the Site Plate 6 West facing view from the Site
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1 Introduction
AECOM has been appointed by WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd. (‘the Client) to prepare a cultural heritage desk-based assessment (DBA) in support of a development consent order application for the demolition of existing buildings and the construction of Waste-to-Energy (WtE) facility north of the village of Barton Stacey, Hampshire (hereafter referred to as the ‘Site’).
The requirement of this assessment is to identify, map, and assess the significance of all designated and non- designated heritage assets that are present within the Site, and to determine the potential for the presence of as yet unknown heritage remains. The assessment also identifies heritage assets beyond the Site and assesses the potential for their settings to change as a result of the scheme. The baseline conditions presented in this document provide the evidence base for the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and therefore provide the evidence to inform decisions in relation to avoiding, minimising and/or mitigating the impact to both the known and potential cultural heritage assets identified. This DBA will form a technical appendix to the Cultural Heritage Chapter of the Environmental Statement (ES). 1.1 Site Location and Description The Site lies 3.6 km north of the village of Barton Stacey, Hampshire, and 200 m north-east of the junction of the A303 and The Street, centred on National Grid Reference (NGR) SU 43850 42810 as shown in Figure 1. The Proposed Development Site encompasses an area of approximately 8.76 hectares (ha), which is bounded to the south by an access road and to the west by The Street. Immediately to the east of the site is a mixed recycling facility, while to the north and north-east is a solar farm and arable fields.
The area earmarked for the Proposed Development is currently under cultivation, although a modern office building and associated car park is present in the south-east corner of the plot associated with the waste management and recycling facility immediately east of the Site. 1.2 Proposed Development The proposed development of the Site would entail the demolition of the existing building and car park, the levelling of the land’s already light gradient, and the raising of a screening earthen bank on the southern, western, and northern sides of the Site. The facility itself would include access roads, energy generating facilities, administration buildings, and a car park. Access to the site would be in the south-east corner of the Site, from the service road running just south of the Site. The Proposed Development will comprise a main facility building of up to 46 m in height and two stacks up to 80 m in height. 1.3 Scope and Structure This report has been prepared to determine the cultural heritage baseline to inform the ES chapter for the Proposed Development and conforms to the requirements of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) 2019. The objectives of this DBA are:
• to place the Site within its full historical and archaeological context through the collection of baseline information; • to identify known designated cultural heritage assets within the Site and 15km study area and to identify known non-designated cultural heritage assets within the Site and 1km study area, their setting, and significance where relevant; and • to identify the extent of previous ground disturbance and thereby the potential for the survival of previously unknown buried archaeological remains. This report is structured in six sections as follows, with illustrations and appendices at the end.
• The legislative and planning policy framework is provided in Section 2 (Legislation and Planning Policy) which also includes an overview of Historic England policy and guidance; • The methodology for assessment and determination of the study area is set out in Section 3 (Assessment Methodology);
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• A description of the Site’s historical and archaeological background is set out in Section 4 (Baseline Conditions); • Section 5 provides an assessment of the significance of known and potential heritage assets within the Site and study area which have the potential to be impacted by the Proposed Development; and • Finally, Section 6 summarises the results of the assessment.
2 Legislation and Planning Policy
The national legal framework for the protection of cultural heritage assets is set out by the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act of 1979 and the Planning Act of 1990. Legislative provisions covering the application of these laws are covered by the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), as well as regional and local policies where they have been developed. In the case of the proposed WtE facility, although guidance is issued by Hampshire Council, planning policy for archaeological assets is covered by the Test Valley Borough Revised Plan. 2.1 Legislation 2.1.1 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act (1979) The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act (1979) (‘the Act’) is the central piece of legislation for the protection of the archaeological resource. The first section of the Act requires the Secretary of State for National Heritage to maintain a schedule of nationally important sites. For the purpose of the Act, a monument is defined as:
“a) any building, structure or work, whether above or below the surface of the land, and any cave or excavation; b) any site comprising the remains of any such building, structure or work or of any cave or excavation; and c) any site comprising, or comprising the remains of, any vehicle, vessel, aircraft or other moveable structure or part thereof which neither constitutes nor forms part of any work which is a monument as defined within paragraph a) above; d) and any machinery attached to a monument shall be regarded as part of the monument if it could not be detached without being dismantled’ (Section 61 (7)).”
The Act further defines an ancient monument as:
“any Scheduled Monument; and any other monument which in the opinion of the Secretary of State is of public interest by reason of the historic, architectural, traditional, artistic or archaeological interest attaching to it’ (Section 61 (12)).”
A set of criteria, defined as survival/condition, period, rarity, fragility/vulnerability, diversity, documentation, group value and potential, assist in the decision making process as to whether an asset is deemed of national importance and best managed by scheduling. 2.1.2 The Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 The Act sets out the principal statutory provisions which must be considered in the determination of any application affecting either listed buildings or conservation areas.
Section 66 of the Act states that in considering whether to grant planning permission for development which affects a listed building or its setting, the local planning authority or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses. By virtue of Section 1(5) of the Act a listed building includes any object or structure within its curtilage.
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd 2.2 National Planning Policy 2.2.1 National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF; MHCLG 2019) The NPPF sets out the Government’s planning policies for England and how these should be applied to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development. The NPPF requires plans, both strategic and non-strategic, to make provision for the conservation and enhancement of the historic environment (paragraphs 20d and 28). Section 16 of the NPPF sets out a series of policies that are a material consideration to be taken into account in development management decisions in relation to the heritage consent regimes established in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 and the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990.
The NPPF sets out the importance of being able to assess the significance of heritage assets that may be affected by a development proposal. Significance is defined in Annex 2 as ‘the value of an asset because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic and can extend to its setting’. The setting of a heritage asset is defined in Annex 2 as ‘the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced’. In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the asset’s importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance (paragraph 189). Similarly, there is a requirement on local planning authorities to identify and assess the particular significance of any heritage asset that may be affected by a proposal; and that they should take this assessment into account when considering the impact of a proposal on a heritage asset (paragraph 190).
In determining planning applications, local planning authorities should take account of the following three points:
• the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets and putting them to viable uses consistent with their conservation; • the positive contribution that conservation of heritage assets can make to sustainable communities including their economic vitality; and • the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness (paragraph 192). Paragraphs 193 to 196 of the NPPF introduce the concept that heritage assets can be harmed or lost through alteration or destruction or development within their setting. This harm ranges from less than substantial through to substantial. With regard to designated assets, paragraph 193 states that great weight should be given to an asset’s conservation and the more important the asset, the greater the weight should be. This is irrespective of the level of harm to its significance as a result of any proposals. Distinction is drawn between those assets of exceptional interest (e.g. grade I and grade II* listed buildings), and those of special interest (e.g. grade II listed buildings). Any harm or loss of heritage significance requires clear and convincing justification, and substantial harm or loss should be wholly exceptional with regard to those assets of greatest interest (paragraph 194).
In instances where development would cause substantial harm to or total loss of significance of a designated asset, consent should be refused unless that harm or loss is ‘necessary to achieve substantial public benefits that outweigh that harm or loss’ (paragraph 195). In instances where development would cause less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated asset, the harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal including its optimum viable use (paragraph 196). In relation to non-designated assets a balanced judgment is required taking into account the scale of harm or loss and the significance of the asset (paragraph 197). Distinction is made between those non-designated assets of archaeological interest which are demonstrably of equivalent significance to scheduled monuments; the latter should be considered against polices for designated heritage assets (footnote 63). 2.2.2 Planning Practice Guidance (MHCLG 2019) The Planning Practice Guidance (PPG; MHCLG 2019) is a government produced interactive on-line document that provides further advice and guidance that expands the policy outlined in the NPPF. It expands on terms such as ‘significance’ and its importance in decision making. The PPG clarifies that being able to properly assess the nature, extent and the importance of the significance of the heritage asset and the contribution of its setting, is very important to understanding the potential impact and acceptability of development proposals (paragraph 008).
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The PPG states that in relation to setting a thorough assessment of the impact on setting needs to take in to account, and be proportionate to, the significance of the heritage asset under consideration and the degree to which proposed changes enhance or detract from that significance and the ability to appreciate it (paragraph 009).
The PPG discusses how to assess if there is substantial harm. It states that what matters in assessing if a proposal causes substantial harm is the impact on the significance of the asset. It is the degree of harm to the asset’s significance rather than the scale of the development that is to be assessed (paragraph 017). Generally, harm to heritage assets can be avoided or minimised if proposals are based on a clear understanding of the heritage asset and its setting (paragraph 008).
The NPPF indicates that the degree of harm should be considered alongside any public benefits that can be delivered by development. The PPG states that these benefits should flow from the Proposed Development and should be of a nature and scale to be of benefit to the public and not just a private benefit and would include securing the optimum viable use of an asset in support of its long term conservation (paragraph 020).
2.2.3 Historic England Planning Guidance Advice Notes (2015) Historic England has published a number of guidance documents that should be taken into account when assessing the historic environment. Of particular relevance are the Historic England Good Practice Advice documents, which are intended to provide information to assist local authorities, planning and other consultants, owners, applicants and other interested parties in implementing historic environment policy in the NPPF and the related guidance given in the national PPG.
There are currently three published guidance documents covering the historic environment - ‘The Historic Environment in Local Plans’ (Guidance Planning Advice (GPA) 1) (HE 2015a), ‘Managing Significance in Decision- Taking in the Historic Environment’ (GPA) 2) (HE 2015b), and ‘The Setting of Heritage Assets’ (GPA3 (HE 2015c). It should be noted that a fourth guidance document on ‘Enabling Development’ is forthcoming and was released for public consultation on 16th March 2017. Collectively the GPA documents replace the Planning Policy Statement (PPS) 5 Practice Guide which has now been withdrawn by Government.
Most relevant to this assessment are GPA2 and GPA3. GPA2 emphasises the importance of having a knowledge and understanding of the significance of heritage assets likely to be affected by the development and that the "first step for all applicants is to understand the significance of any affected heritage asset and, if relevant the contribution of its setting to its significance" (para 4). Early knowledge of this information is also useful to a local planning authority in pre-application engagement with an applicant and ultimately in decision making (para 7).
GPA3 provides detail on the setting of heritage assets and replaces earlier guidance on that matter published by English Heritage in 2011 (HE 2011) which has now been withdrawn. Paragraph 4 of the document confirms the extent of setting as defined in the NPPF to be the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced and that elements of a setting can make positive or negative contributions to the significance of an asset and affect the ways in which it is experienced. Historic England state that setting does not have a boundary, what might constitute an asset’s setting may change as the asset and its surroundings evolve and a new understanding of the relationship between neighbouring assets may extend what was previously understood to comprise setting (para 4). The GPA states that setting is often expressed by reference to views, comprising the visual impression of an asset obtained from a variety of viewpoints (para 6). Setting is not an asset or a designation but its importance is in what it contributes to the significance of an asset and its appreciation is not dependent upon public access (para 9). 2.3 Regional Planning Policy and Guidelines 2.3.1 Hampshire County Guidelines The Site lies within the County of Hampshire, which provides advice and guidance to local authorities in designating priorities and goals in managing their historic environment. This DBA has been prepared in accordance with the county’s latest guidance (HCC 2019a; HCC 2019b; HCC 2019c; HCC 2019d).
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd 2.4 Local Planning Policy 2.4.1 Test Valley Borough Revised Local Plan The Test Valley Borough Revised Local Plan DPD 2011-2029, adopted in 2016, sets out the planning framework for of local council for the following decade. Its policies and guidelines are aimed at delivering sustainable development for the area (Policy SD1) following the directive set out by the NPPF on favourable presumption. Policy E9 treats directly with Heritage assets, follows the guidelines set out by the NPPF closely, and states that development and/or works affecting heritage assets will be permitted provided that:
• it would make a positive contribution to sustaining or enhancing the significance of the heritage asset taking account of its character, appearance and setting; and • the significance of the heritage asset has informed the proposal through an assessment proportionate to its importance. Permission for development that would result in substantial harm or loss of significance to a designated asset will be withheld unless: • it is outweighed by the substantial benefit to the public of bringing the site back into use; or • the nature of the heritage asset prevents all reasonable use; and • its conservation can not be achieved by either a viable alternative use, support from public ownership or funding from other sources; and • the harm or loss is outweighed by the benefit of bringing the site back into use. The policy also states that developments which result in less than substantial harm to the significance of designated heritage assets will be considered against the public benefit of the proposal, including securing a viable use. Developments affecting a non-designated heritage asset will be balanced against the scale of the harm or loss, either directly or indirectly, to the significance of that heritage asset. Developments affecting non-designated assets would be balanced against the harm or loss to the significance of that asset. Only projects which demonstrate that the development will proceed after the loss has occurred will be permitted to destroy or alter heritage assets.
Paragraph 7.78 emphasises the importance of setting to the significance of heritage assets and stresses that proposals for development will need to address their impact on the setting and seek to preserve those elements that make a positive contribution to the significance of the asset.
In paragraph 7.82, the Local Plan states that developments which have the potential to cause harm to buried archaeological resources will require a desk-based assessment and may necessitate an archaeological field evaluation. In situ preservation of archaeological remains will be sought wherever possible, and where this is not feasible, a programme of archaeological investigation, excavation, and recording will be required by the Council.
The Local Plan also states that a development’s impact on the historical landscape needs to be assessed and will be taken into account by the Council in granting permission to the development (paragraph 7.84). 2.4.2 Test Valley Community Landscape Project The Test Valley Community Landscape Project was designed to provide a clear framework to guide the future development and management of the district’s landscape in order to ensure that the distinctive character of the borough is retained and change is accommodated in a positive way to the benefit of the people who live and work in the borough, the ecological and historical value of the borough and the overall condition of the landscape. The Proposed Development lies within the Drayton Chalk Downland Landscape Character Area (LCA10E). The framework focuses largely on maintaining the sustainable ecological landscape within the rural character of the downs. In terms of the area’s historic character, the guidelines highlight the need preserve Tidbury Ring and its setting. Avoiding further erosion of historic landscapes due to modern agricultural methods is also emphasised.
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd 3 Assessment Methodology 3.1 Standards and Guidance The assessment of baseline conditions was carried out following the guidelines of the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA), the Standard and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-Based Assessment (CIfA 2017) and the Code of Conduct (CIfA 2014). It also follows the Desk-Based Research Standards (HCC 2019b) and the regional archaeological research framework (HCC 2019a) provided by Hampshire County Council. 3.2 Study Area For highly significant designated assets (Scheduled Monuments, Grade I and II* Listed Buildings, World Heritage Sites, Registered Battlefields and Registered Parks and Gardens), a search area of 15 km was used from the assessment boundary. For the designated assets of Grade II listed buildings and Conservation Areas, a search area of 5 km from the edge of the assessment boundary was used. These search boundaries are intended to reflect the relative significance of the assets, their sensitivity to change and their topographical setting in relation to the Proposed Development Site.
The Zone of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) was used to identify those assets within the 15 km and 5 km study radii which could potentially have visibility to and from the Proposed Development. The ZTV was produced using a ‘bare earth’ scenario which only takes into account the natural topography of the landscape using contour data. It does not take into account any intervening settlements or vegetation cover that may exist and which would restrict intervisibility to a greater extent than modelled by the ZTV. For assets between the 5 km and 15 km study areas, only those Scheduled Monuments, Registered Parks and Gardens and grade I and grade II* listed buildings identified within the ZTV will be discussed in detail. Where a structure experiences a significant relationship with an asset outside the ZTV, this will be assessed to establish whether there will be an associated impact.
For non-designated heritage assets, the study area has been defined as a 1 km buffer from the Site boundary. This study area is deemed appropriate given the rural nature of the Site to establish the context of the potential for previously unrecorded archaeological remains to exist within the Site.
Where overlap exists between the historic buildings and archaeological resource, such as an upstanding Scheduled Monument, the asset has been discussed as part of the archaeological baseline below. 3.3 Data Sources The preparation of the baseline was informed by material gathered and collated from various sources, including:
• the Hampshire Historic Environment Record (search carried out on 19/08/2019); • the National Heritage List for England (NHLE) data; • databases of known archaeological sites, find spots, historic buildings and previous archaeological works including the Archaeological Data Service (http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk); • published and unpublished documentary sources such as Victoria County History and primary and secondary resources accessed via British History online (https://www.british-history.ac.uk/); • open Lidar data obtained from the Environment Agency accessed through Lidar Finder (https://www.lidarfinder.com/); • historic Ordnance Survey mapping and plans; • the British Geological Survey (BGS; http://www.bgs.ac.uk/geoindex/) Geology of Britain Viewer; • the Hampshire Archives and Local Studies; and • Hampshire County Council online portal (https://www.hants.gov.uk) for guidance and Test Valley Borough website (https://www.testvalley.gov.uk/) for the Local Plan and other planning information.
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd 3.4 Site Visit A Site visit and visual appraisal of archaeological assets within the study area was undertaken by AECOM on 22 August 2019. The main considerations of the Site visit were:
• to identify areas within the Site that may contain previously unidentified archaeological or historical remains; • to record current land use and identify the location, extent and severity of modern ground disturbance and previous construction impacts; • to identify historic buildings and related assets including listed and locally listed buildings; and • to identify and assess the setting of heritage assets. 3.5 Analysis Tools The data gathered through both the Site visit and desk-based review have been collated and the results mapped in ArcView GIS using Ordnance Survey base mapping.
An assessment of the historic development of the Site and its surrounds including a map regression exercise has been undertaken (Figures 6 to 15, Appendix C). This was designed both to provide a context for known assets and to help identify the potential for previously unrecorded archaeological remains to be present.
An assessment of the setting of assets and its contribution to their significance was determined with reference to Historic England guidance on setting (EH 2015c) and the PPG (MHCLG 2018). Statements in relation to the heritage significance of assets are made with reference to their Artistic, Architectural, Archaeological and Historic qualities as stated in the NPPF (MHCLG 2019). 3.6 Historic Landscape Characterisation The sources used to characterise the historic landscape within the Site included:
• Natural England’s National Character Areas; • Hampshire Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC); • published documentation; and • walkover and visual inspection of the Site. For the purpose of this study the GIS data for the Hampshire Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) Study were obtained from Hampshire County Council (HCC) and have been incorporated into the project under license from HCC. The dataset was in the form of HLC type polygons and is presented in Figure 3 of Appendix C. 3.7 Assessment Criteria 3.7.1 Cultural Heritage Asset Significance An assessment of the significance of assets and their setting has been undertaken in consideration of guidance and good practice issued by Historic England. A methodology for the assessment of significance of heritage assets is outlined in Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance (English Heritage, 2008) whilst Historic England GPA3 (2017) provides the basis of a methodology for the assessment of setting.
Annex 2 of the NPPF states that the significance of heritage asset is its value “to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. Significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting” (MCHLG 2019, 71).
Significance is often established by statutory designations such as listed buildings, scheduled monuments and conservation areas. More particular advice as to what contributes to significance is set out in Conservation Principles, which establish a method for thinking consistently about the heritage values that can be ascribed to a place. When making an assessment of significance, numerous aspects are considered including: architectural interest, historic interest, group value, social value, former uses and local distinctiveness. These aspects are grouped into four values: Evidential, Historic, Aesthetic and Communal.
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The terminology used in this desk-based assessment relates to the terminology used by both the NPPF and Conservation Principles, referring to significance in terms of heritage interest and not heritage values. Whilst heritage interest and heritage values are not completely interchangeable they are broadly similar.
In the related ES chapter, this value, interest, or significance of a heritage asset will be referred to as its sensitivity; ensuring that these documents’ terminology accord with that used under Environmental Impact Assessment methodologies. 3.7.2 Magnitude of Previous Ground Disturbance The magnitude of impact to buried archaeological remains caused by historic development has been assessed based on available data listed above, with particular attention paid to historic boreholes and available data obtained from previous archaeological evaluations and excavations in the study area. 3.7.3 Archaeological Potential The potential for an area to contain archaeological remains is rated ‘high’, ‘medium’, ‘low’, ‘negligible’, or ‘unknown’. This rating is based on an understanding of the archaeological resource as a whole and its national, regional and local context. This includes the number, proximity and significance of known and predicted archaeological/historical sites or find spots within the Site and its surrounding study area. 3.8 Consultation A scoping opinion was received from the Planning Inspectorate in April 2019 (Reference EN010104) and the comments raised by statutory consultees have been addressed in the scoping report (AECOM 2019).
Further consultation with the archaeological officer for Hampshire County Council was undertaken on 10/09/2019. The county archaeologist was largely in agreement with the findings of this DBA and highlighted the potential of the Site to contain previously unrecorded archaeological remains. Given the current state of knowledge of the surrounding area, he suggested that archaeological matters could be appropriately secured by a condition attached to planning permission, rather than being addressed at a pre determination stage. It was further suggested that this planning condition would require an archaeological mitigation strategy that would involve a preliminary archaeological evaluation in advance of construction works.
Responses from the Scoping Opinion regarding built heritage were as follows:
• The Planning Inspectorate considered that the study area applied to the assessment of effects on built heritage receptors should be sufficient to address the extent of the likely impacts including visual impacts. The Inspectorate directed that the ES should include an assessment to setting from appropriate viewpoints. Photomontages should also be used to illustrate how the Proposed Development would be seen in views from key heritage assets. In addition to visual impacts, the assessment of impacts to the settings of heritage assets in the ES should consider impacts from other relevant aspects/ matters such as noise and traffic. • Historic England’s Inspector of Ancient Monuments requested that all designated assets should be scoped in and assessed to a study area of 15 km in line with the proposed LVIA. A 15 km study area has been used but restricted to assets of high significance on the premise that the Proposed Development will not have a significant effect on assets of medium or low significance at distances of more than 5 km. An exception was made for grade II listed Registered Parks and Gardens on which it was felt significant effects could be possible at distances greater than 5 km. • Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council requested a 5 km study area including assessment of the Whitchurch, Tufton and Hurstbourne Priors Conservation Areas; Hurstbourne Park RPG; listed buildings within the study are and Locally Listed Buildings at Tufton Warren Farm. The 5 km study area takes in only a very small area of the Whitchurch Conservation Area which is not within the ZTV. The conservation area has not therefore been separately assessed. Tufton Warren Farm is located within the ZTV but, at approx. 3.5 km distant from the Proposed Development, it is outside the 1 km study area set for non-designated heritage assets. It is clear that at this distance the Proposed Development will not have the potential to change the asset’s setting sufficiently for impact to result in a significant effect. The locally listed buildings are not therefore assessed in this DBA. • Test Valley Borough Council requested that the study area for built heritage be set at 5 km and that key receptors within the ZTV should be assessed.
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd 4 Baseline Conditions
This section provides an overview of the archaeological and historical background of the study area in order to contextualise and understand the significance of the heritage assets within or near the Site. The baseline information presented will also aid in determining the potential for previously unknown archaeological deposits to exist within the Site and the potential impact of the Proposed Development on the archaeological resource. 4.1 Physical Site Conditions 4.1.1 Site Topography The topography of the Site is an important factor in understanding its historic development as well as the potentially surviving sequence of archaeological remains and the depth of modern disturbance. The Site is relatively flat, mainly between 60 m and 61 m AOD, with a slight slope in the western half of the Site rising towards toward the north-west and 76.5 m AOD at its highest point. It is located within the confluence of two perennial drainage channels that flow from north-east and drain into the River Dever 1.7 km to the south-west. The Dever in turn flows into the Test River 2 km to the west, forming part of the Hampshire Basin, which ultimately drains into the Solent at Southampton.
The local topography is shaped by these two perennial channels and their confluence with the River Dever, with hills overlooking the Site to the north-west, north, and north-east. As the Site is located on the north side of the Dever’s valley, there are long views from up the valley towards the east, down the valley towards the west, and across the valley towards Barton Stacey to the south.
4.1.2 Site Geology The British Geological Survey (BGS) digital data shows that the underlying bedrock for the Site consists of the Seaford Chalk Formation, composed of sedimentary bedrock of chalk formed approximately 84 to 90 million years ago in the Cretaceous Period. Superficial colluvium deposits of clay, silt, and gravel are located within the perennial drainage channels in which the Site is located.
Ground investigations carried out within the Site (AECOM 2018), show that topsoil typically extends 0,2 m to 0.65 m below ground level (62.0 m aOD mean) as shown in Table 1. Made ground deposits have been recorded in the easternmost part of the Site relating to the construction of the extant facilities (TP1). Made ground deposits are also recorded in the western part of the Site and relate to the remains of military amenities discussed below (TP 15 and TP16). Archaeological deposits containing previously unrecorded remains are most likely situated within these ‘topsoil’ deposits and may be cut through the underlying ‘head deposits’. Archaeological remains are unlikely to be present below a depth of approximately 60m aOD.
Table 1 Results of Trip Pit Ground Investigations undertaken within the Site (AECOM 2018). Depths are presented below in metres above Ordnance Level.
TP1 TP2 TP3 TP4 TP5 TP6 TP7 TP8 TP9 TP10 TP11 TP12 TP13 TP14 TP15 TP16
Made ground 62.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 64.5 64.4
Topsoil N/A 60.6 61.3 62.8 63.4 62.8 61.1 61.3 61.0 61.7 60.0 60.2 64.8 65.7 N/A N/A
Head N/A 59.3 60.2 62.1 62.7 62.3 59.3 61.0 60.0 60.8 59.2 60.0 64.4 65.1 N/A N/A
Chalk 60.7 59.1 59.6 61.0 61.9 60.6 N/A 58.8 58.8 59.3 57.5 58.1 63.0 64.1 63.5 63.2
Five historic boreholes identified through the British Geological Survey website, all of which are outside the Proposed Development Site but within 500m of its boundaries, are summarised in Table 2 and confirm the bedrock and superficial geology identified by the BGS website. The depths of topsoil are consistently higher than those reported within the Site due to their location south of the Site and therefore closer to the floodplain of the River Dever.
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Table 2 Historic Borehole Data for boreholes within 500m of the Site. Depths are presented as metres below ground level.
BSG ID: BGS ID: BGS ID: BGS ID: BGS ID: BGS ID: 412659/SU44SW1 412660/SU44SW2 412661/SU44SW3 412662/SU44SW4 412672/SU44SW1 18969520/SU44S NGR: NGR: NGR: NGR: 4 NGR: W48 NGR: 444200,142600 444100,142500 443900,142400 443800,142400 443710,142920 444120,142816 British Gas British Gas British Gas British Gas Barton Stacey B Barton Stacey 200m SE of Site 250m SSE of Site 400m S of Site 400m SSW of Site Camp 20m E of site 100m NW of Site Topsoil 0 - 0.7 0 - 0.8 0 - 0.6 0 - 0.6 N/A N/A
Head deposits N/A 0.7-1.7 0.8 - 2.0 0.6 - 1.7 N/A N/A
Seaford Chalk 0.8 - 7.3 1.7 - 5.3 2.0 - 6.0 1.7 - 5.3 0 - 168.4 0 - 57.0 Formation
Lower Clay N/A N/A N/A N/A 168.4 - 301.8 N/A Formation
4.2 Previous Archaeological Investigations Although no previous archaeological investigations have taken place within the Site Boundary, a small number have been undertaken within the study area that provide useful information to infer the potential for archaeological remains to be situated within the Site.
An evaluation undertaken by Wessex Archaeology in preparation for a proposed National Grid gas pipeline was situated on the eastern edge of the study area. In the first instance, this involved a field-walking exercise (WA 2006) followed by trial trenching in material-dense areas and a watching brief in areas of potential (WA 2008, De’Athe 2013). The watching brief in the section of the pipeline which crosses the eastern edge of the study area uncovered four ditches, one of which contained Roman pottery, and a pit which contained Bronze Age pottery. In addition, the wider evaluation uncovered a large number of burnt flint fragments and 391 pieces of worked flint in the vicinity of the River Dever, between 1 km and 1.5 km of the Site. Together with monuments discussed below, these finds suggest a significant Neolithic and/or Bronze Age presence in the valley.
A watching brief (Entwistle 2014) undertaken in advance of the construction of the recycling facility immediately north-east of the Site recorded a single area modern hardstanding thought to relate to the use of the Barton Stacey WWII military camp. The report noted that it remained unclear whether the lack of archaeological remains reflected the absence of such material or was the result of modern 20th century disturbance.
An evaluation (Greatorex 2003) carried out 400m east of the Site, in the area of the Owls Lodge Farm rifle range, revealed no archaeological deposits or material of archaeological significance. 4.3 Heritage Assets There are no World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Monuments, Registered Parks and Gardens, Registered Battlefields, or Listed Buildings within the Site. The 5 km study area includes seven Scheduled monuments, one registered park and garden and 183 listed buildings. Of these, the Registered Park and Garden, all seven Scheduled Monuments and 134 listed buildings are within the ZTV. The 5 – 15 km study area includes 118 Scheduled Monuments, 71 of which are within the ZTV, eight Registered Parks and Gardens and 27 Grade I and II* listed buildings within the ZTV.
In addition, there are 15 non-designated archaeological assets within the 1 km study area, one of which [A12] is located within the Site and consists of the remains of a Second World War to Cold War army camp cinema and post office.
Assets identified within the Site and study area have been given unique reference numbers. These are pre-fixed with [A] for archaeological assets and [BH] for built heritage assets. Each asset will be cross-referenced to the gazetteer in Appendices A and B. The location of archaeological assets is shown in Figure 2, historical landscape character is shown in Figure 3, and built heritage assets are shown in Figures 4 and 5, all of which can be found in Appendix C.
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4.3.1 Designated Assets A rapid review of the 125 Scheduled Monuments within 15 km of the Site was undertaken to assess the potential for these assets to be impacted by the Proposed Development. In the first instance it was decided that all Scheduled Monuments within the 5 km study area would be assessed to determine the extent of their settings and assess the potential impact. Scheduled Monuments located between 5 km and 15 km from the Site were then overlain against the ZTV and all assets which were found to be intervisible with the Proposed Development in a ‘bare earth scenario’ were considered for assessment based on their nature, distance, and the results of the Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) undertaken for the Proposed Development.
The majority of these are archaeological remains of limited extent located some distance from the Site. As such, it is considered that the Proposed Development would play little or no part in the setting of the vast majority of these assets. Of the 78 Scheduled Monuments that fell within the 15 km study area and within the ZTV, nine were considered as having a potential to be impacted by the Proposed Development through changes to their settings. These consist of four Neolithic long barrows [A3 to A6], Bronze Age barrows identified at two locations [A7 and A8], two Iron Age hill forts [A15 and A16], and the undated earthworks of the Andyke [A22]. These will be discussed in more details below.
The 69 Scheduled Monuments which are not included in this desk-based assessment are mainly prehistoric monuments and the occasional Roman villa and medieval settlement, all of which form part of wider prehistoric and historic landscapes spanning the Hampshire Downs. This prehistoric landscape, its significance, and its sensitivity to change are considered separately in this assessment (sections 4.5 and 5.4) and included in discussions of LVIA.
One Registered Park and Garden and four conservation areas have been identified within the 5 km study area. A total of 134 listed buildings have been identified within the 5 km study area and the ZTV. Eight registered parks and gardens have been identified within the 5 km to 15 km study area and the ZTV. Twenty grade II* and grade I listed buildings have been identified within the 5 km to 15 km study area and within the ZTV. 4.3.2 Non-designated Assets Non-designated assets include buildings, monuments, sites, places, areas or landscapes identified as having a degree of significance but that are not formally designated heritage assets. This includes locally listed buildings which have been identified as being of some significance by the local planning authority.
A single non-designated asset [A20] is located within the Site and consists of the remains of a cinema, post office, and road surfaces in use by the Barton Stacey Military Camp between 1938 and the mid-1980s when the base was decommissioned and the structures demolished.
Eight of the remaining 14 non-designated archaeological assets in the study area are prehistoric [A1, A2, and A9 to A14], dating from the Neolithic to the Iron Age. One of the assets is of medieval date [A17], two are modern [A18 and A19], and the last three assets [A21, A23, and A24] are of unknown date but likely to be prehistoric. 4.4 Archaeological and Historical Overview An assessment of the historic development of the Site through a review of available data and a map regression exercise has been undertaken to provide a context for known assets and to help identify the potential for previously unknown assets to be present within the Site.
4.4.1 Palaeolithic and Mesolithic (up to 4,000 BC) Palaeolithic remains are relatively rare nationally and none have been recorded within the Site, study area, or wider vicinity. Furthermore, although the Hampshire Basin is relatively rich in finds from this period (HCC 2019d), these are generally concentrated in secondary contexts, particularly in gravel deposits of the extinct River Solent and its tributaries, which include the River Test. The location of the Site within a perennial drainage channel several kilometres from both the Dever or Test river valleys and the absence of superficial deposits of Pleistocene or early Holocene date within the Site suggest there is little to no potential for Palaeolithic remains to be situated within the Site.
Mesolithic sites in Hampshire tend to be distributed at the margins of the Hampshire downs, concentrated in woodlands, heathlands, and the coastal plain and coast to the south of the chalk landscape (HCC 2019d). Although the chalk downland resources are expected to have been exploited by Mesolithic peoples, their use of this
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4.4.2 Neolithic (4,000 BC to 2,200 BC) The Neolithic period is defined by the arrival of farming practices, the domestication of plants and animals, and sedentary or mixed occupation patterns. The anthropogenisation of the landscape begins in earnest with the clearance of forested environments, the emergence of settlements, and the erection of monuments such as henges, cursuses, causewayed enclosures, and long barrows. Neolithic farms and occupation sites remain limited archaeologically, particularly as the cleared arable land often continued to be ploughed and disturbed in the following millennia.
The only Neolithic monuments encountered in Hampshire are long barrows (HCC 2019d), which tend to be geographically concentrated in the chalk downland such as the environment found in and around the Site. One possible such long barrow [A2] is situated 650 m to the west of the Site. It is located immediately east of the Andyke [A22], large undated earthworks of likely prehistoric date. The scheduled remains of several long barrows have been identified further afield. A cluster of four such barrows [A3 to A5] has been recorded approximately 4.5 km south of the Site and a single isolated long barrow [A6] is recorded 5 km east of the Site.
The Neolithic funerary landscape of Hampshire is considered of national significance as it represents one of the densest areas of such monuments in Britain. The presence of long barrows along the promontories is understood to signify ownership of the landscape by people occupying and cultivating the fertile lowlands. While the Site itself is not located in close proximity to any such monument, it likely formed part of a prehistoric agricultural and ceremonial landscape.
4.4.3 Bronze Age (2,200 BC to 801 BC) The development of metalworking and the beginning of the use of metals defines the beginning of the Bronze Age. This period witnessed an intensification of agricultural use of the landscape established during the Neolithic, following a similar settlement pattern concentrated in the Hampshire chalk downs (HCC 2019d). The distribution of Bronze Age sites within this landscape shows a bimodal distribution, with settlements and farms concentrated in river valleys, while large monuments such as dykes and burial mounds are not confined to low-lying areas but distributed more widely across the downs. These latter monuments are believed to represent an assertion of ownership, tying the land and its resources to certain people without necessary implying direct or permanent settlement.
No known Bronze Age archaeological finds have been recorded within the Site. However, four Bronze Age bowl barrows lie 350 m to 750 m north of the Site [A9 to A12], on the slightly higher grounds at the top of the valley edge. Two undated ring ditches, one of which contains what appears to be a central feature, have been recorded as cropmarks 800 m north-east [A23] and 600 m north [A24] of the Site. Given their proximity to similar Bronze Age features, these are likely to be from the same period. A further two non-designated Bronze Age ring ditches are present immediately north of the 1 km study area. Two scheduled clusters of Bronze Age barrows have also been identified within 5 km of the Site, consisting of three round barrows [A7] in a field approximately 4.5 km south of the Site and both a bowl barrow and a bell barrow [A9] situated 4.5 km south-east of the Site.
Given that the study area covers parts of the Dever river valley and the upper reaches of the Test river valley, areas which are known to have particularly dense concentration of prehistoric funerary monuments, the presence of these sites comes as little surprise. However, given the location of the Site within a low-lying perennial drainage channels, there is little potential for such funerary monuments to be situated within the Site.
In addition to the wide funerary landscape evidenced by these Bronze Age barrows, scattered burnt flints and worked flints identified by a previous evaluation 4 km east of the Site along the north bank of the River Dever (WA 2006) suggest some form of occupation or settlement of the valley during the Bronze Age. The Andyke [A22] located 1100 m south-west, and the faint remains of prehistoric field systems of uncertain date [A1] 800 m east of the Site are perhaps further evidence of this occupation. Lastly, recent excavations have identified a number of small enclosures and ditches suggestive of a small Bronze Age settlement 2.5 km to the south-east of the Site (WA 2008, De’Athe 2013).
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4.4.4 Iron Age (800 BC to AD43) The Iron Age is generally characterised not only by the appearance of iron tools and weapons, but with also with wide scale population growth, further intensification of agricultural production, and the appearance of new types of monuments such as hill forts and banjo enclosures. It is worth noting that burial monuments so prominent in the Bronze Age tend to be absent in the Iron Age, and it is likely that their role as symbols of ancestral land ownership was replaced by the assertion of political and military control implied by the presence of hill forts in prominent locations within the landscape. These forts were clearly associated with both occupation and exploitation of the surrounding landscape which likely continued and intensified from earlier periods.
No Iron Age sites have been uncovered within the Site. A complex network of cropmarks [A14] 800m north-east of the Site is perhaps evidence of a nearby late Iron Age or later Romano-British settlement. The scheduled remains of two Iron Age hillforts are reported along the valley of the Dever to the east of the Site. These consist of the Norsebury Ring Hillfort [A15] located 5.5 km south-east of the Site and the large and prominent Tidbury Ring [A16] 2 km east of the Site. The possible Iron Age remains of the Andyke [A22] already mentioned are situated 1.1 km to the south-west. 4.4.5 Roman (AD43 to 410) The Romano-British period, which officially began with the Roman invasion of Britain in AD43, may be argued to have begun earlier in Hampshire than in other parts of the island given that the King Verica of the Atrebates tribe, which dominated the region, was recognised as rex, or client king, around AD15. The use of client kingdoms in Britain had begun during Caesar’s second invasion of Britain in 53 BC and continued until the Claudian invasion of AD43. In fact, it is the overthrow of King Verica in Hampshire around AD40 that was used as the casus belli for the invasion that was nominally intended to force his re-instatement, but which in truth placed Britain firmly under Roman control. Friendly relations and trade between the Atrebates tribe and the Roman Empire for several decades prior to the invasion meant that Roman cultural features began to appear in Hampshire prior to the Claudian invasion.
Roman culture is readily recognisable in the archaeological record, dominated by the Roman civitas often evolving out of Iron Age oppida, the well-developed road networks linking these centres, the smaller settlements often located at their intersections, and the smaller villas dotted around the countryside largely operating as large farm estates. While Winchester (Venta Belgarum) and Silchester (Calleva Atrebatum) appear to be the two main centres of population during this period, Andover and Basingstoke (possibly Vindomis) were also important centres (HCC 2019d). These are linked by major Roman roads and it is worth noting that the Site is located nearly in the centre of the triangle formed by these roads, therefore quite far removed from the main Roman thoroughfares and population centres.
No Roman period assets have been identified within the Site. A small number of ditches containing Romano-British pottery [A13] have been recorded 950m east of the Site, and a possible Roman settlement [A14] has been identified in the 1 km study area. The possible settlement consists of a surface scatter of Romano-British pottery reported in close proximity to the cropmarks interpreted as likely to be of Iron Age origin, 800 m north-east of the Site. The association suggests that the Iron Age settlement may have been occupied or re-occupied during the Roman period. Evidence of the re-use of Iron Age sites in the Roman period is certainly evidenced at the scheduled remains of Tidbury Ring [A16], 2 km east of the Site, attested by the presence of several rectilinear enclosures within the hillfort enclosure reminiscent of Roman building morphologies. Tidbury Ring is marked on early OS maps as a Roman Camp, suggesting that the Roman connection had been noted since at least the 19th century.
Excavations along the Barton to Lockerley pipeline (WA 2008) also revealed evidence of Roman occupation, albeit further afield on the opposite side of the Dever. This consist of a number of features of Romano-British date 2.5 km south-east of the Site which included a possible Roman trackway, a number of small pits, and two large quarry pits.
Given the location of the Site some distance from the three large Roman settlements of Winchester, Andover, and Basingstoke, and its distance from any of the major Roman roads traversing the area, it is likely that any occupation of the Site would have been rural and agricultural in nature. The distribution and nature of Roman material in the study area certainly seem to corroborate this. 4.4.6 Early Medieval (AD410 to 1066) The decline of Roman Britain and the arrival of Saxon peoples across the English Channel mark the start of this period. Hampshire is no exception to this, and the decline of Silchester, and to a lesser extent Winchester, is a dramatic testament to changing settlement patterns. In addition to a general de-centralisation of authority, the
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No Anglo-Saxon archaeological assets have been identified inside of the Site boundary or within the wider study area. Historical mentions of the area around the site are limited but informative. When King Edward the Elder founded New Minster in Winchester in 903 AD, he granted it, through the abbey of Hyde, land which included 3 hides at Drayton in Barton Stacey (Page 1911). Although Drayton Farm is thought to have been located some 1.3 km north-west of the Site, land belonging to the farm is known to include the Site. Field boundaries in the immediate vicinity of the site may therefore have originated during the Anglo-Saxon period, although this has not been verified. 4.4.7 Medieval (AD1066 to 1540) The area around the Site remained largely rural and dominated by agricultural use throughout the medieval period.
Drayton is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as belonging to the Micheldever Hundred and as relatively large, encompassing some 37.8 households and providing a tax income significantly larger than either Bransbury or Barton Stacey. However, it must later have been incorporated into the Barton Stacey Hundred as in 1316 it is recorded as having been transferred from the Hundred of Barton Stacey to Buddlesgate and only returned to Barton Stacey in 1831 (Page 1911).
The land surrounding Drayton belonged to the New Minster in Winchester, nominally providing tithes to the Abbey of Hyde. From the Domesday survey onwards, the land is recorded as having been rented and cultivated by several freemen and the manor held by the well-known aristocrat Hugh de Port. The lands were expanded by Hugh de Port’s descendants in the 13th century. Through several generations, the lands were passed and divided by various branches of the family, leading to disputes over its ownership lasting well over two centuries, until it was finally sold in its entirety to Roger Ingpen in 1446. Two years later, in 1448, the Drayton holdings were released by Hyde Abbey to the Ingpen family and were henceforth held privately.
The land to the east of Drayton, which may or may not include the Site, belonged to a ‘Loge’ mentioned in historical records dated to the 13th century (RCHME 1996), and which may refer to the later Lodge Farm [A17] 700m east of the Site.
4.4.8 Post-Medieval (AD1540 to 1901) Historic maps show that the Site remained largely undeveloped for much of the post-medieval period (Figures 6, 7, and 8). During this lengthy period the land belonged to the Drayton Estate and was probably cultivated. It was not until the early 19th century that Drayton Pump Farm was erected on the plot of land directly south of the Site (Figure 9).
Roger Ingpen’s descendants sold the estate in 1607 to John Ryves, whose descendants then sold it to the Wright- Wilson family of Cranborne in Wonston.
Details of the estate become clearer in the 1759 Hampshire County map where Drayton is marked near the River Test. A small farm or hamlet to the south-east of Drayton may represent the farm just south of the Site. By 1808, maps show the road and pathway layout as they stand today.
In 1830 the Drayton Estate was owned by a London family, the Wright Wilsons. The Wright Wilsons were absentee landlords and used Drayton Lodge as a country retreat. The former parkland surrounding the house is now a largely wooded area approx. 600m west of the Site. In addition to the Lodge and parkland the family owned Drayton Farm to the south of the Site and a further six farms in Barton Stacey parish amounting to approx. half the area of the parish. On 19th November 1830 Barton Manor Farm, owned by the Wright Wilsons was burned as part of the Swing Riots. Three barns, a granary and wheat and hay ricks were lost but the house and stables survived.
More details are revealed in the tithe map of 1840 (Figure 10) and in the first OS maps of the area in 1876 (Figure 11) showing the formal estate of Drayton Lodge and the location of Drayton Cottages near the River Test. The estate’s lands extend to the Proposed Development and to Drayton Farm just south of it. The farm consists of a main north-north-west by south-south-east aligned building parallel to The Street, two perpendicular ancillary buildings, and a sub-rectangular well. The larger building, the southern ancillary building, and the well form a rectangular courtyard with The Street as its western limit. The field boundaries and network of tracks and paths
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4.4.9 Modern (AD1901 onwards) Although a 1910 map of the area only shows the renaming of Drayton Farm to Drayton Pump Farm on OS maps (Figure 13) while the rest of the landscape appears unchanged, the second half of the 20th century witnessed some radical changes to the area’s traditionally agricultural landscape. These may have drastically affected the preservation of local archaeological assets and their wider setting and are worth discussing in some details.
The area remained largely unchanged until 1945, although records show that the War Department (now the Ministry of Defence) had purchased much of the surrounding land in 1943 with the intention of constructing a training facility. The army base [A19], which appears on aerial photographs from 1947 onwards (Figures 14 and 15) and OS maps beginning in 1958, was divided into 4 groups around the Proposed Site – groups A, B, and C are aligned west to east as three clusters of buildings north of the A303 and D forms the fourth cluster south of the A303. The base appears to encompass Drayton Pump Farm, although it remains unclear whether the area was under military control. The farm itself appears now to be composed of four north-north-west by south-south-east aligned structures, but without the adjacent pump. The Proposed Development Site is situated between camps C and D, and it is unclear whether it is fully within the military base, or if only part of it was in use by the military. Two structures to the east of The Street and within the proposed Site boundary certainly belonged to the military installations and are annotated on 1958 and 1978 military maps as a ‘cinema’ and ‘post-office’ [A20]. The remains of access roads, hardstanding and the shallow foundations of these structures are still partly extant and were observed during the Site visit. In the 1958 OS map, camp B is immediately to the west of The Street, and is formed of a large number of buildings around a central parade ground. It should be noted that many of the structures may have been fairly ephemeral and may have moved significantly during the use of the site as a military base. Five new structures are built to the south-west of the junction of The Street and the A303, which do not appear part of the military base, and which are listed as Drayton Pump Cottages in the later maps. This may indicate the relocation of Drayton farm outside of MOD control.
Drayton Lodge was still standing in 1961 and its lodge in 1978. On the 1978 Ordnance Survey map the lodge to Drayton Lodge is labelled The Cottage.
Sometime during this period, a Cold War Royal Observer Corps Monitoring Post [A18] was built some 200m north of the Site, although it is known subsequently to have been demolished.
By 1978 the military complex was in declining use and much reduced. Camp D, south of the A303, had been demolished, while camp C was disused, and camps A and B appear smaller but still in use. Maps show that Drayton Pump Farm had been renamed to Drayton Pump Cottages, now limited to just two structures. Within the Proposed Development, the two post office structures and the pump appear to have been demolished, as do the structures directly opposite, on the western side of The Street. In contrast, the complex of buildings south-west of the junction appears to have grown significantly and now also named Drayton Farm Cottages. By the late 1980s military operation had ceased, the based was demobilised and the training facility decommissioned.
Recent aerial photography shows that neither the original Drayton Farm nor the military buildings remain, with both areas now covered by overgrowth. The military training camp layout is still visible, although most structures have been demolished. As an added note, the site has recently been used as a set in the filming of the Hollywood film ‘The Edge of Tomorrow’, which may have impacted the area in some ways.
The military developments of the last half century probably had limited impact on potential sub-surface archaeology as photographs of the camp show that most buildings and roads consisted of temporary structures without foundations. Their disuse and abandoned structures continue to negatively impact the character of the historical and prehistoric landscape. Within the Site, only the south-western corner is believed to have been affected and mostly likely only superficially. There is High potential for archaeological remains from the Modern era to be situated within the Site, however, they are considered to be of low significance. 4.5 Historic Landscape Several documents have been produced which describe the historic landscape character of Hampshire. These are broad brush in their approach but provide a context from which to assess the historic landscape character of the Site.
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4.5.1 Natural England National Character Area 130 Hampshire Downs The Site lies within National Character Area 130 covering the Hampshire Downs, defined as the central block of a broad belt of chalk downland that runs through southern England from west Dorset to East Sussex and Kent. It is generally described as a rolling, elevated, chalk arable downland with an open, exposed character that provides long-distance views. The Site itself is situated on the upper valley slopes typical of the region and which is characterised by extensive open tracts of large, low-hedged fields with thin chalk soils and abundant ancient semi- natural woodland blocks. The rivers and streams of the Test catchment, including the River Dever, are considered internationally significant as distinctive chalk rivers, running in deep valleys, cut into the chalk bedrock.
The Hampshire Downs hold widespread evidence of prehistoric settlement across the whole of the landscape, which is visually attested by the remains of numerous Neolithic and Bronze Age burial mounds as well as Iron Age hill forts. The valleys of the Downs typically hold evidence of Roman estates and nucleated medieval village settlement patterns. The field systems, boundaries, and dispersal of farmstead still extent today across the downlands evidence the gradual and planned enclosure from the medieval period onwards.
The present day settlement pattern varies between the relatively dense strings of villages along the lower river valleys, such as those in the Test valley to the west of the Site (i.e. Forton, Middleton, Longparish), and the very low-density, nucleated settlements in the upper reaches of the rivers and on the Downs (i.e. Barton Stacey).
4.5.2 Hampshire Landscape Character The Site is situated at the boundary between the two Hampshire Landscape Character Areas of the Test Valley (3b) and the Mid Hampshire Open Downs (8e).
In archaeological and historical terms these two areas are very much tied together, with floodplains of the Test River and its tributaries known to have been extensively exploited from the Neolithic onwards, while the upper valley slopes were often settled and the downlands peppered with the funerary monuments of successive Neolithic and Bronze Age occupation. The Iron Age landscape witnessed an opening up of the wider use of both areas, with hillforts dominating large swathes of downland and lower valleys. The Roman period saw further agricultural exploitation of the downlands and the appearance of villas and large farming estates. Settlements began to aggregate in the early medieval period, culminating in the bimodal distribution of nucleated settlements on the upper downlands and dense linear settlements along the valley floors, a pattern which continued throughout the medieval period and well into the post-medieval period. Today’s fieldscape is very much a result of the 19th century gradual enclosure of the landscape and the erection of new dispersed farmsteads across the downlands. 4.5.3 Hampshire Historic Landscape Character The Hampshire Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) forms part of the regional project covering all of Hampshire County. The Hampshire HCL is formed of an assessment of historic and current mapping that separated blocks of landscape into Types based on either morphology or land use. A total of four HLC broad types and six subtypes are present within the study area and listed in Table 1.
The GIS data for the HCL date within the Site was obtained from the Hampshire County Council and is presented in Figure 3. The HLC types presented in the figure have been used in this study to establish the existing time depth of the historic landscape of the Site and to examine how the surviving historic landscape of the Site relates to that of the surrounding areas, and to the rest of Kent; this enables an assessment of the sensitivity of the historic landscape to change. The HLC types can also be used to examine the evolution of the Site in the post-medieval and modern periods.
Broad Type Subtype HHLC 1 – Parliamentary Fields • HHLC 1.10 - Medium regular fields with straight boundaries • HHLC 1.11 - Large regular fields with straight boundaries
th HHLC 4 - Plantations • HHLC 4.5 - 19 century plantations (general) HHLC 7 – Valley Floor • HHLC 7.2 - Valley floor woodlands • HHLC 7.4 - Water meadows
th HHLC 14 - Defence • HHLC 14.5 - 20 century (1914-)
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Within the Site itself, the Hampshire HLC only lists a single type of landscape, 19th century plantations/other recent woodlands (HHLC 4.5). It should be noted, however, that given the results of the historic map regression (Figures 6 to 15) several areas of this landscape, including the western edge of the Site, should be considered as belonging to the 20th century military landscape of Barton Stacey Camp recorded immediately west of the Site (HHLC14.5).
Historic Landscapes immediately surrounding the Site consist of field systems (both medium and large) likely dated to the 19th century (HHLC 1.10 and 1.11), 19th century woodland plantations (HHLC 4.5), and 20th century defences associated with Barton Stacey Camp (HHLC 14.5). Further south, in the valley of the River Dever, the landscape is dominated by woodlands (HHLC 7.2) and water meadows (HHLC 7.4) typical of valleys of the Hampshire Downs. It should be noted that, since the demobilisation of Barton Stacey Camp in the 1980s, the military landscape is gradually reverting back to natural parkland. Evidence of the military layout is becoming increasingly difficult to define as the underlying features are disappearing under new growth vegetation.
Overall, the historic landscape of the Site and surrounding area is best described as largely rural and agricultural originating in the 19th century with later alterations from the construction of a mid-20th century military base. The time depth of the two historic landscapes within the River Dever valley has not been determined, but they are considered relatively common to the area.
4.5.4 Prehistoric Landscape
In addition to the more recent landscapes visible today and referenced above, the Site is also situated in a dense prehistoric landscape that spans the Neolithic to the Iron Age. The Neolithic and Bronze Age landscapes are largely visible today through the large number of funerary monuments (long barrows, round barrows, and bell barrows) scattered across the higher grounds of the Hampshire Down. The vast majority of these have been severely damaged by millennia of agricultural activity, but a large number remain today to some height. The extant Iron Age landscape, on the other hand, is one dominated by hill forts situated on hills and separated by just a few kilometres. These hill forts are expressions of military strength and ownership over the surrounding landscape and are strongly suggestive of the settlement patterns of the Iron Age.
While the Hampshire Downs are known as holding one of England’s densest concentration of Neolithic long barrows, most of these have been recorded some distance (~5 km or more) from the Site. This Neolithic funerary landscape may include the Site itself based on the prevalence of these types of monuments in the region as a whole. Although no such monuments have been recorded in the 1 km study area, it is probable that the Site was occupied during the Neolithic.
The Site itself is located in close proximity to a number of Bronze Age barrows that overlook the Site from the northern Dever valley’s edge. The Site would therefore most certainly have formed part of this Bronze Age funerary landscape. As it is located between the monuments on the higher ground and the floodplain of the Dever, it is likely that the Site would have been part of land over which the monuments imply ownership. It may have been settled, exploited, and traversed throughout the Bronze Age and forms part of this dense prehistoric landscape.
The Iron Age landscape is more dispersed across the Hampshire Downs, expressed through the imposing presence of hill forts. However, while the hill forts likely acted as central urban settlements, they would have been surrounded by wide rural agricultural lands that may have included the Site. The cropmarks of a possible Iron Age settlement 800m east of the Site certainly reinforce this.
5 Assessment 5.1 Significance of Designated Assets 5.1.1 Scheduled Monuments 5.1.1.1 Cluster of Three Long Barrows [A3, A4, A5] This group of three long barrows form a triangle roughly 1 km apart situated approximately 4.5 km south of the Site. All three are on differing alignments and, from west to east, are 58 m, 33 m, and 70 m in length respectively. They are all approximately 10 m wide, and survive to a height of 1 m. A further long barrow, although not scheduled and in a poorer state of preservation, is located 100m south-east of the easternmost barrow [A5]. All four of these
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd barrows are thought to be of Early to Middle Neolithic date (4300-2400 BC) and are typical of funerary monuments of the period. Aerial photographs show that all four monuments also include quarry ditches on either side of the barrows where chalk was extracted to construct them. The significance of the long barrows is derived from their archaeological interest in their ability to inform on Neolithic funerary customs, burial practices, and ceremonial activities according to the aims of the Solent-Thames Research Framework (Bradley 2016). The close clustering of these four long barrows is a rare occurrence nationally and gives these monuments particular importance such that they are considered of national significance. Furthermore, their level of preservation is considered to be excellent, with no outward appearance of prior excavation or looting. As such, they have considerable archaeological potential. Their setting is the surrounding funerary landscape and the countryside from which they can be viewed, which adds to their significance. 5.1.1.2 Long barrow 250m north-east of Upper Cranbourne Farm [A6] This long barrow is located approximately 5 km east of the Site. Although its remains are relatively poorly preserved, extending just 0.5 m above the surrounding ground level, the long barrow is relatively large, measuring 63m long and 20m wide. Seven metre wide quarry ditches are visible on either side of the barrow. The barrow is of national significance derived from its evidential interest in its ability to enhance our understanding of Neolithic funerary customs, burial practices, and ceremonial activities according to the aims of the Solent-Thames Research Framework (Bradley 2016). Its setting adds to this significance and consists of the surrounding Neolithic funerary landscape and the countryside from which it can be seen. 5.1.1.3 Three barrows SW of Newton Down Farm [A7] These three round barrows are located on either side of the B3420, south-east of Newton Stacey and 4.4 km south- west of the Site. Two of the barrows are located in a small wooded area north of the road and their state of preservation is unknown. The barrow to the south is located in a cultivated field, and while it is visible as cropmarks on aerial photographs, it has been largely truncated by agricultural activities. Given then morphologies, the barrows are likely to be of Bronze Age date. They are of national significance derived from their archaeological interest in their ability to inform on Bronze Age funerary and ceremonial practices. Archaeological evidence they contain may inform the research aims of the Solent Thames Research Framework (Bradley 2016 and Lambrick 2016). The setting of the barrows is the wider Bronze Age funerary landscape in which they are present and which contributes to their significance. As monuments intended to be visible markers of kinship and ownership, their setting also incorporates all areas from which they can be seen. Despite being included in the ZTV, which is based on a bare- earth model, the density of the woodland immediately surrounding the barrows suggests that there would most likely be no intervisibility with the Site across all seasons. 5.1.1.4 Bell barrow and bowl barrow at Kitson's Clumps [A8] These two Bronze Age barrows are located at the end of a chalk ridge overlooking the River Dever, approximately 4.4 km south-east of the Site. Although round barrows are relatively common across Britain, bell barrows are significantly less so and are known to contain much wealthier burials. They are of archaeological interest, and their significance is both national and derived from the information they may hold on Bronze Age funerary practices, ceremonial practices, social stratification, and due to the possible environmental remains they may contain in accordance with the aims of the Solent-Thames Research Framework (Bradley 2016 and Lambrick 2016). The prominence of these two barrows in the surrounding landscape lends them further significance as a testament to their importance. They are considered of national significance.
Both monuments form part of the wide Bronze Age funerary landscape across the Hampshire chalk downs which includes a number of round barrows located immediately north of the Site. This prehistoric landscape forms the setting of the asset and adds to its significance. 5.1.1.5 Norsebury Ring Hillfort [A15] Norsebury Ring Hillfort is a univallate hillfort located 5.6 km south-east of the Site, a monument type which is considered rare nationally with only 150 recorded examples across England. This hillfort survives relatively well and the survival of archaeological features has been demonstrated through a programme of archaeological geophysical survey. Fieldwalking exercises have recorded a dense material assemblage which includes finds dating from the Bronze to the post-medieval period. Norsebury Ring Hillfort is of archaeological and possibly historical interest, based on its ability to increase our understanding of prehistoric settlement patterns, settlement hierarchies, prehistoric lifeways, the transition from Bronze Age to Iron Age, and the re-use of monuments in later periods (Lambrick 2016). The setting of the hillfort includes the surrounding countryside which it once protected and the prehistoric landscape in which it was present. The setting adds to the significance of the asset.
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5.1.1.6 Tidbury Ring [A16] Very little is known about Tidbury Ring, located 2 km east of the Site. This is a large, likely Iron Age, hillfort with clear embankments and several rectilinear structures of possible Romano-British date visible as cropmarks within the enclosure. This nationally significant asset is of archaeological and possibly historical interest in the information it may hold on Iron Age and Roman settlement patterns, the transition between these two periods, and former ways of life (Lambrick 2016 and Fulford 2016). The setting of the hillfort includes the surrounding countryside which it once protected and the prehistoric landscape in which it was present, both of which add to the significance of the asset. 5.1.1.7 The Andyke [A22] The so-called ‘Andyke’ is a scheduled prehistoric earthwork situated 1100m south-west of the Site (SM 1015678). This 500m long roughly north-south orientated curvilinear feature consists of a ditch (14 m wide, 2 m deep) and bank (10 m wide, 3 m high) in the River Dever valley east of Bransbury. Although this monument is poorly understood, it is referred to as ‘Auntediche' in an Anglo-Saxon charter (Coates 1989), and has previously been interpreted as the defences of an Iron Age promontory fort. Although there is no direct evidence to confirm this theory, the Anglo-Saxon derived named is interpreted etymologically as signifying ‘giants’ dyke’ and suggests pre- Roman origins. Given its scale and morphology, it is most probably prehistoric and adds to our understanding of the wider prehistoric landscape around the Site. Its significance is evidential and derived from its ability to increase our understanding of prehistoric settlements, defensive structures, and management of the prehistoric landscape (Bradley 2016 and Lambrick 2016). The setting of the scheduled monument, which contributes to its significance, is the valley of the Dever and the wider prehistoric funerary and settlement landscape of the Hampshire chalk downlands in which the Site is located. 5.1.2 Conservation Areas The following discussion provides an outline of the special character and appearance of the conservation areas within the 5 km search area. This has been compiled through a combination of site visits and reference to current Conservation Area Appraisals, where available. Those listed buildings which lie within a conservation area are discussed as part of the wider character of the area. Those listed buildings within conservation areas of high significance or which have an influence in the wider area are singled out and discussed separately.
A total of four conservation areas are located within the 5 km search area, Barton Stacey, Longparish, Hurstbourne Priors and Tufton. 5.1.2.1 Barton Stacey Barton Stacey Conservation Area was designated by Test Valley Borough Council (TVBC) in 1984 in recognition of the special architectural and historic interest of the village. The conservation area centres on the village of Barton Stacey which is intersected by two roads, one running south from Longparish and one running east from Newton Stacey. The village’s origins are in the early medieval period, the first documentary reference being in 855. In the medieval period the village developed along the main north-south street with farms and dwellings on the street having long strips of land running back from them. The centre of the village is the intersection of its two main routes and the majority of the conservation area’s 24 listed buildings are located on either side of the village’s main street, The Street. In the northwest quadrant of this intersection at the highest point in the village the grade II* listed Church of All Saints [BH102] is located. The church is surrounded by nine grade II listed table tombs. All the other listed buildings within the conservation area are listed grade II. In addition to the church the conservation area character appraisal (TVBC 2009) singles out The Malt House [BH49], The Old Plough [BH52], The Old Vicarage [BH107], Wades Farmhouse [BH110], The Swan Inn [BH34] and The Old School House [BH33] as major key buildings. The character appraisal also identifies 20 buildings of local interest. A fire in 1792 destroyed the majority of the village and consequently most of the listed buildings date to the late 18th century rebuilding. Although there has been modern development to the south and east of the conservation area, the historic core of the village has generally been untouched. 5.1.2.2 Longparish Longparish Conservation Area was designated by TVBC in 1983 in recognition of the special architectural and historic interest of the village. The conservation area is located along a stretch of the B3048 that winds its way along the Test Valley between Wherwell in the southwest and Hurstbourne Priors in the northeast. The conservation area takes in the settlements of Forton, Middleton, Longparish and East Aston that have grown into one another to form the village of Longparish. The setting of the conservation area is enclosed, the bottom of the valley being at an elevation of approx. 58m AOD while the ridges on either side rise to approx. 120 m. Settlement in the conservation area is mainly ranged along the northwest side of the river above the floodplain. There are 64 listed buildings within the conservation area of with the conservation area character appraisal (TVBC 2010) singling out
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Church Farmhouse [BH16]; The Cricketers Inn [BH117]; Forton Farm [BH29]; Forton House [BH75] and Middleton House [BH15] as major key buildings. The appraisal also lists 46 buildings of local interest. Listed buildings within the conservation area comprise mainly domestic buildings dating mainly from the 16th to the 19th centuries including cottages, houses and farmhouses. There are also however a listed Stone Cross [BH17] and Stocks [BH87]. The conservation area has not been greatly altered by modern development and is situated along the same route that has linked its four constituent settlements for at least 800 years. The area contains the grade I listed Church of St Nicholas [BH120] built to serve the settlement of Middleton, and two country houses Longparish House in Longparish listed grade II* and the other, Middleton House (grade II), that retains a large part of its former parkland to the north. 5.1.2.3 Hurstbourne Priors Hurstbourne Priors Conservation Area was designated by Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council (BNBC) in 1990 in recognition of the special architectural and historic interest of the village. The conservation area is located in the valley of the River Bourne, a tributary of the River Test and centres on the historic core of the village to the north and south of a staggered road junction between the B3048 and the B3400. Settlement in the conservation area is on the western side of the B3048 to the north of the B3400 and on both sides to the south of the B3400. The conservation area also extends to land to the north and south of the grade II* listed Church of St Andrew [BH131]. The setting of the conservation area is the steep sided valley of the Bourne which rises from approx. 80m AOD at the valley floor to approx. 120m at the ridges on either side. The setting is rural with woods along the river and pastures either side. In addition to the parish church, the conservation area contains six further listed buildings. All are houses and cottages and all date to the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. Of these the largest and possibly the most significant are the grade II* listed Bee House [BH59]; and the grade II listed Manor House [BH130] and Long House [BH61]. The Bee House was once a pavilion or gazebo within Hurstbourne Park [BH164], a grade II registered park and garden to the north and east of the conservation area (discussed separately). 5.1.2.4 Tufton Tufton Conservation Area was designated by BNBC in 1981 in recognition of the special architectural and historic interest of the hamlet. The settlement is located on the south bank of the River Test. At the centre of the settlement is the grade I listed Church of St Mary, a small church of Saxon origin with Norman, 13th and 18th century additions. There are four other grade II listed buildings within the conservation area including a timber framed cottage of 15th century origin, two farm buildings and a K6 telephone kiosk. The conservation area is set in the wooded valley of the River Test with pasture on either side, no part of it is located within the ZTV.
A very small proportion of the southern tip of the Whitchurch Conservation Area lies within the 5 km study area. This part of the conservation area contains one listed building (Fulling Mill, NHLE 1092642) and is not within the ZTV. 5.1.3 Registered Parks and Gardens There is one Registered Park and Garden located within the 5 km study area [BH164], and another eight within 15 km [BH163 and BH165 to BH171]. 5.1.3.1 Hurstbourne Park [BH164] Hurstbourne Park is a grade II listed Registered Park and Garden located to the west of Whitchurch. The park encloses the village of Hurstbourne Priors to the north, east and west of the village. The 330ha park comprises formal terraced gardens and pleasure ground, designed parkland, and a wooded deer park. The south eastern boundary follows the B3400 road to Whitchurch which itself follows a broad bend in the River Test. The park inside this boundary climbs steeply to the wooded deer park which dates back to the 14th century and is now crossed by broad rides and avenues. These were created in 1707 to commemorate the Union of England and Scotland. The original house (1780-85) by James Gibbs on the northern part of the site was burned down in 1891 and was replaced by the current, unlisted building in the Jacobean style. The kitchen garden and stables to the west of the house are contemporary with the earlier house, while the pump house is a 19th century addition. All three buildings are listed grade II. The formal gardens are located to the south of the house while the pleasure grounds are to the north. Land to the west of the deer park and to the east and south of the house is under arable cultivation.
The park has historic interest as a good example of an 18th century park with its kitchen and formal gardens, pleasure grounds, parkland and deer park intact. The asset’s rural setting has been only slightly degraded by the presence of the four lane A34 between the park and Whitchurch. The presence of the road acts as a boundary to the expansion of Whitchurch in the direction of the asset.
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5.1.3.2 Highclere Park [BH163] Highclere Park [BH163] (grade I) is a late 18th century landscaped park and pleasure grounds on the boundary of the 15 km study area. The park was laid out by the first Earl of Carnarvon following plans by Lancelot Brown. The park was laid out over a medieval deer park but also incorporated elements of a late 17th/early 18th century rococo garden. The principal building within the park is the grade I listed Highclere Castle which is located outside the 15 km study area. The pleasure grounds are located to the south of the castle and are divided from the southern boundary of the RPG by a large area of woodland. Views extended southwards to Heaven’s Gate [BH159], a triple- arched eyecatcher located approx. 1.1 km south of the castle on the north-facing slope of Sidown Hill. The view originally contained a beech avenue from the house to Heaven’s Gate which was partially removed by the first Earl. The asset has historical interest as a fine example of a late 18th century park and for its connections with Lancelot Brown and the First Earl of Carnarvon. It has architectural interest for its buildings, aesthetic interest for its design and archaeological interest for the information it offers on the design of late 18th century parks. Apart from the placing of the A34 road which runs close to the eastern boundary of the asset, there has been little in the way of modern development within the park’s setting. 5.1.3.3 The Grange, Northington [BH165] The Grange, Northington [BH165] (grade II*) is located approx. 12.25 km southwest of the Site. The park dates to the mid-18th century but was extended and improved in the early 19th century. It was originally laid out in 1764 by Robert Henley, first Lord Northington to the designs of William Samwell and was remodelled in the Greek Doric style in 1805 by the architect William Wilkins with Robert Adam designing a kitchen block and bridge. The estate was sold in the early 19th century to Alexander Baring who employed Robert Smirke to build the west wing and Charles Robert Cockerell who laid out the terrace gardens in 1826. The 19th century additions were removed in 1969, but the main building was retained. The principal building is the Grange which is scheduled and listed grade I. The formal gardens are to the south and east of the house. The park surrounds the house and gardens and includes the Grange Lake to the east of the house, clumps of trees throughout and belts of trees at each boundary. The park has aesthetic interest and historic interest for its connection to a number of noted architects and to the Henry family, Earls of Northington and the Baring family. The park’s rural setting which includes it former estate has not been developed and contributes to the asset’s significance. 5.1.3.4 Laverstoke Park [BH166] Laverstoke Park [BH166] (grade II) is located approx. 7.15 km northeast of the Site. The Laverstoke Estate was bought in the mid-18th century by Joseph Portal, heir to a French Huguenot immigrant, Henri Portal. The park dates to the early 19th century and is laid out around the grade II* listed Laverstoke House, a late 18th century Palladian mansion by Joseph Bonomi for Joseph Portal’s heir, Henry. The mansion is located on high ground at the centre of the park with its principal entrance on its east side and its views to the south. To the south of the house a ha-ha separates the house from the park in which lawns dotted with trees run down to a lake formed by damming the River Test. The boundaries of the park are all fringed with trees. The park has aesthetic interest for its landscape design and features and historic interest for its connection to the Portal family and to the architect Joseph Bonomi. Despite the encroachment of the railway to the north and the expansion of the settlement of Overton to the east the park has a rural setting which retains much of its former estate and contributes to its significance. 5.1.3.5 Avington Park [BH167] Avington Park [BH167] (grade II*) is located to the northwest of Winchester approx. 13 km southeast of the Site. Only a small portion of the park at its southwestern corner is within the ZTV. The park has medieval origins and evidence of 17th century alteration but was laid out and landscaped in its current form by James Brydges, the 3rd Duke of Chandos in the mid-to-late-18th century. The principal building is the grade I listed Avington Park which stands in the centre of the park (not within the ZTV) on level ground with views west over Avington lake and east along an avenue of lime trees which extends approx. 850m. Informal gardens are laid out to the south, west and northwest of the house with lawns extending beyond a ha-ha over 200m westwards to the lake. A kitchen garden is located to the southwest of the stable block, itself to the southwest of the house. To the south, lawns separate the house from the grade I listed Church of St Mary which again is not within the ZTV. The park has aesthetic interest for its 18th century design and historic interest for its connection to the Brydges family. The park has a rural setting within the land that made up its former estate, which contributes to its significance. 5.1.3.6 Amport Park [BH168] Amport Park [BH168] (grade II) is located approx. 13.25 km west of the Site. The formal gardens consist of a series of terraces with water features designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens with planting designed by Gertrude Jekyll. The gardens extend to the south of Amport House, a grade II listed mid-19th century house placed on the site of existing 18th century pleasure grounds. To the east and west of the formal gardens are pleasure grounds while to the south is parkland (now under arable cultivation) dotted with trees and with woodland in the northwest corner. The park
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd and garden has historical interest for its preservation of the late 18th century pleasure grounds and as an example of a collaboration between Gertrude Jekyll and Sir Edwin Lutyens. Despite the establishment of the railway to the south and the expansion of the settlement of Amport to the north the asset has a rural setting within its former estate which contributes to its significance. 5.1.3.7 Lainston House [BH169] Lainston House [BH169] (grade II*) is located approx. 11 km south of the Site to the west of the village of Littleton. The park comprises formal terraced and walled gardens of the 17th and early 18th centuries. Plans for formal gardens were commissioned from Gertrude Jekyll in 1923. The principal building is Lainston House [BH144], a country house of the late 17th century. The garden also contains a grade II* listed dovecote [BH162] and a grade II* listed Walled Garden and Attached Animal Engine House [BH148]. From the east front of the house a series of terraces descend to Lainston Avenue which continues eastward for almost 1 km. A second avenue runs north from the lowest terrace. The formal gardens are mostly to the south of the house with woods beyond. The kitchen garden lies to the west of the house. To the north of the house is woodland with parkland beyond. The park and garden has historical interest as one of the oldest parks in the district. The suburbs of Winchester have encroached to the east but the park’s setting remains largely rural and contributes to its significance.
Lainston House RPG contains three grade I and II* listed buildings. Lainston House [BH144], grade II*, is located approx. 11 km south of the Site to the west of the village of Littleton. The asset is a late 17th century house with alterations of the 19th and 20th centuries. Construction is of brick with stone dressings and a tiled roof. The plan form is H-shaped with the central block ranged north-south and flanking wings. The main entrance is in the west elevation and has a stone surround with pediment which is mirrored by a pediment above the central window on the first floor. The roofs on all sides have attic dormers with gablets. The setting of the asset is its formal gardens and parkland [BH169] which are contemporary with the house.
The Dovecote 80 Metres North West of Lainston House [BH162], grade II*, dates to the 18th century and is in chequer work brick with a tiled roof. The plan is octagonal and inside are nesting boxes carved out of chalk. The asset has architectural and historical interest as an unusual, octagonal dovecote. The setting of the asset is Lainston House RPG [BH169].
The Walled Garden and Attached Animal Engine House, 75 Metres West of Lainston House [BH148], grade II*, dates to the late 17th and 18th centuries. The walled garden is octagonal and of brick construction. The animal engine house is in brick with a slate roof. The asset has architectural and historical interest as an unusual, octagonal walled garden and for the survival of the engine house. The setting of the asset is Lainston House RPG [BH169]. 5.1.3.8 Stratton Park [BH170] Stratton Park [BH170] (grade II) is located approx. 10 km east of the Site. The park is an early 19th century park and pleasure ground. In 1800 the Stratton park estate was sold by the fifth Duke of Bedford to Sir Francis Baring who commissioned Sir Humphrey Repton to design a house in a landscaped setting. Repton’s proposals were not taken up but some suggestions were later used. George Dance the Younger designed a Palladian mansion for the site between 1803 and 1806. The house was demolished in 1960 apart from the portico which was incorporated into the landscaping of a modernist house on the site. The pleasure grounds and formal gardens lie to the north and east of the modern house. There is parkland dotted with clumps of trees to the south of the house and woodland to the north and along the southern and eastern boundaries. The park and garden has historical interest for its connections with Sir Humphrey Repton and George Dance the Younger. The M3 motorway and A33 road form the asset’s western boundary but to the east the setting remains rural and undeveloped and contribute stot hr park’s significance. 5.1.3.9 Sparsholt Manor Garden [BH171] Sparsholt Manor Garden [BH171] (grade II) is located to the east of the village of Sparsholt approx. 11.45 km south of the Site. The gardens were laid out by Harry Inigo Triggs in 1922-23 as the setting for a new house, Sparsholt Manor which Triggs also designed. Triggs was a distant relative of Inigo Jones and started out as a garden designer with a specialism in using historical research to inform his work. He added country houses to his repertoire later in his career. The garden is divided into a series of garden rooms of different designs. A kitchen garden survives to the west of the formal layout. The asset has historic interest for the intact survival of both house and garden by the same designer. 5.1.4 Listed Buildings Within the 5 km study area are a number of small settlements that have not been designated as conservation areas, but which contain listed buildings. The significance of the buildings within the settlements derives from their
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd architectural interest and from their historic interest for their demonstration of the growth of the settlements in the post-medieval period. 5.1.4.1 Wonston The village of Wonston contains nine listed buildings, seven of which, all listed grade II, fall within the ZTV. Wonston Cottage [BH64] was a farmhouse with 16th century origins but is now a cottage. The asset is timber framed with brick cladding and a thatched roof and is associated with its former granary, Granary 10 Metres East of Wonston Cottage [BH132]. The five remaining assets comprise one house, St Olaf’s [BH54] and four cottages, Beech Cottage [BH65] (1178508); St Olaf's Pond Cottage (150 Metres West North West of Wonston Cottage) [BH63]; Lavender Mead [BH55] and Bray Cottage [BH134].The assets range in date from the late 17th century (St Olaf's Pond Cottage) to the mid-19th century (Bray Cottage) and are constructed variously from cob, infilled timber framing and flint rubble with thatched roofs. The village has seen some modern development and the village of Sutton Scotney has encroached to the west but in general the assets have a rural setting which contributes to their significance. 5.1.4.2 Wherwell While the village of Wherwell is located outside the 5 km study area, the four grade I and II* listed buildings within it, including Wherwell Priory, are assessed here together with listed buildings to the east of the village and within the 5 km study area and ZTV. The Priory, [BH151], grade II*, is located in Wherwell approx. 5 km west-southwest of the Site. The Priory is a large country house dating to the early 18th century with additions in the mid-18th century and alterations in the 19th and 20th centuries. The main elevations are stuccoed with slate roofs. The principal elevation faces north with a Doric porch at the centre and a half octagonal projection to the east end. The east elevation is similarly classical with a half octagon at both ends. The roofs have attic dormers and there is a cupola behind the east front. The house stands on the site of Wherwell Abbey, a Benedictine nunnery founded in the 10th century. The asset has architectural and historical interest as an example of an early 18th century classical mansion. The asset’s setting is the parkland surrounding the building between two channels of the River Test. The asset is associated with a number of other listed buildings including the grade I listed stables.
The Stable Block (30 Yards South of Wherwell Priory) [BH139], grade I, dates to the 13th century and were probably built as the nunnery’s refectory before undergoing alterations in the 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Construction is of banded flint and brick with chalk blocks, brick dressings and a tiled roof. Inside is a timber queen post roof and 19th century stalls. The asset has architectural and historic interest as a remnant of Wherwell Abbey and early surviving utilitarian building. The asset’s setting is the grounds of the former priory which retain enough of a sense of isolation to contribute to the asset’s significance.
East Lodge to The Priory [BH96], grade II and Gatepiers (To the East Lodge of The Priory) [BH5], both listed grade II, are within the 5 km study area and the ZTV. The gatepiers date to 1830 while the lodge is mid-19th century, both assets have historic interest as part of the improvements made to the estate in the 19th century. The setting of both assets is The Priory which contributes to their significance. The Church of St Peter and Holy Cross [BH150] 1179499, grade II*, is located approx. 5 km west-southwest of the Site in the village of Wherwell. The asset was built in 1856-8 and consists of aisled nave, chancel, north vestry, western bell turret and south porch. The walls are of flint with stone dressings the roof is tiled. The church was a replacement for a double-aisled medieval building, probably part of Wherwell Priory, and has historic interest as one of the later parish churches in the area. It is the priory, approx. 75m south of the church that defines the asset’s setting.
There are a number of listed buildings on the eastern outskirts of the settlement that are within the 5 km study area and the ZTV. On the B3048 Longparish Road are three grade II listed cottages, Toll Cottage [BH95]; Shepherds Cottages [BH4]; and Old Greenwich Cottage [BH94]. The assets date to the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Toll Cottage is rendered brick and chalk stone while Shepherds Cottages and Old Greenwich Cottage have plaster walls. All three are thatched. The River Test runs along the south side of the road which is not built up giving all three assets a rural setting which contributes to their significance. Further east on the A3048 is Dublin Farm with a grade II listed farmhouse and barn. Dublin Farmhouse does not lie within the ZTV but its attendant barn, Barn (30 Yards South of Dublin Farmhouse) [BH129] does. The asset’s rural setting and continued relationship with the farmhouse contribute to its significance. 5.1.4.3 Lower Bullington At Lower Bullington (formerly Bullington) there is a group of farm buildings close to the Church of St Michael [BH37] (grade II*). The church is late 12th/early 13th century and consists of a nave and chancel with later vestry, tower and porch. Construction is in flint with stone dressings, the church underwent restoration in 1871. Immediately to the west of the church is the grade II listed Church Farmhouse and Garden Wall [BH38], a brick and tile house of 17th origin with 18th century cladding. The house was restored and extended in the 20th century. To the north of the
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd farmhouse is the grade II listed Mill (Immediately North of Church Farmhouse) [BH39], a timber framed water mill of the 19th and mid-19th centuries. To the north of the church is the grade II listed Barn and Outbuildings (60 Yards East of Church Farmhouse) [BH40], a group of three timber and brick farm buildings arranged around a courtyard. The assets have group value and are in an isolated rural setting which comprises the listed buildings and the non- designated Bullingdon Manor and contributes to their significance. 5.1.4.4 Upper Bullington Upper Bullington (formerly East Bullington) was split by the opening of the A34 Sutton Scotney bypass in 1981. There are now three grade II listed buildings on the west side of the road and one on the eastern side. On the western side are Nos. 11 and 12 [BH42]; Nos. 13 and 14 [BH112]; and Granary (10 Yards South of No 11) [BH72]. The two pairs of cottages date to the 17th (11 and 12) and 18th (13 and 14) centuries. Nos. 11 and 12 are of brick and flint while 13 and 14 are rendered, both have thatched roofs. The granary dates to the early 18th century and is timber framed with brick infill. Although the A34 is close to the assets, approx. 50m away in the case of Nos. 11 and 12, it is well screened and the assets’ rural setting is unchanged. On the east side of the A34 Bullington House [BH41] (grade II) is an early 19th century house, formerly the vicarage, in painted brick with a slate roof. The asset is set amongst extensive lawns and the A34, though only approx. 75m to the west is screened. The four assets have historic interest for their part in the 18th and 19th century growth of the settlement and their setting, though compromised, continues to contribute to their significance. 5.1.4.5 Bransbury Bransbury Manor [BH43] (grade II) is a late 18th century brick and tile farmhouse in the hamlet of Bransbury approx. 1.85 km west-southwest of the Site. The farm retains two of its historic buildings, the early 19th century Wall (20 Yards East of Bransbury Manor) [BH44]; and the 18th century Farm Building (20 Yards East of Bransbury Manor) [BH113]. Both are listed grade II. The hamlet of Bransbury contains three further grade II listed buildings, The Barracks [BH114], a row of four early 19th century cottages with rendered walls and thatched roofs; Riverside Cottage [BH45], an early 19th century pair of brick and thatched houses; and Bransbury Mill [BH46], and early 19th century brick and tile water mill. The fact that the assets are contemporary with each other and with the manor and its farm buildings give them group value and they have historic interest as the constituent parts of a late 18th/early 19th century hamlet on the River Dever. The settlement has been subject to very little modern development and retains its rural setting which contributes to the significance of the assets within it. 5.1.4.6 Norton Norton Manor Near Sutton Scotney [BH66] (grade II*) is a late 17th century brick and tile manor house with early 20th century additions approx. 3.33 km southeast of the Site. The asset is associated with a grade II listed brick, timber and thatch Barn 100 Metres North of Norton Manor [BH56] and retains landscaping features including its walled kitchen garden. The asset has been subject to modern development in the form of a large brick and tile spa immediately to the north. The setting to the south, east and west however is rural and contributes to the assets’ significance. 5.1.4.7 Farmhouse clusters The 5 km study area contains four isolated listed farmhouses with associated listed farm buildings. All four groups derive their significance from their historic interest as surviving farm complexes.
Firgo Farmhouse [BH91] (grade II) is a 17th century red brick farmhouse with 18th and 19th century amendments and additions. The asset forms a group with [BH21] - Barn (30 Yards South of Firgo Farmhouse), , grade II; and [BH97] - Stable (20 Yards West of Firgo Farmhouse), grade II which both date to the 18th century. Despite the presence of the A34 some 330m to the east, the group retains a rural setting which contributes to its significance.
Gavelacre Farmhouse [BH122] (grade II) is an early 18th century farmhouse with earlier origins and later additions. The house is located to the northwest of the hamlet of Bransbury approx. 2.25 km west of the Site. The brick and tile house forms a group with three grade II listed 18th and early 19th century farm buildings, [BH22]- Stable (20 yards west of Gavelacre Farmhouse); [BH92] - Granary (30 Yards West of Gavelacre Farmhouse); and [BH93] - Barn (30 Yards South-West of Gavelacre Farmhouse). The group is screened from the A303 road approx. 400m to the north and retains an agricultural setting which contributes to its significance.
Manor Farmhouse, [BH115] (1339291, grade II) is an early 19th century brick and tile farmhouse in the hamlet of Newton Stacey approx. 3.6 km southwest of the Site. The asset has an associated Barn (20 Yards North of Manor Farmhouse) [BH47] (1093472, grade II). The asset’s agricultural setting contributes to its significance.
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5.1.4.8 Isolated Listed Buildings Four listed buildings within the 5 km study area are not associated with the farmsteads or settlements identified above and are assessed separately here.
Church Farmhouse and Garden Wall [BH36] is a grade II* farmhouse located approx. 275m northwest of the centre of Barton Stacey and approx. 1.45 km south of the Site. The asset does not fall within the boundaries of the Barton Stacey Conservation Area. The asset is a 15th century timber framed house which underwent additions and alterations in the late 18th century. The walls are of brick, stone and flint and the roof is tiled. The asset has historic interest as one of the oldest surviving dwelling houses in the district. The asset has no neighbours and its rural setting contributes to its significance.
The Thatch [BH90] is a grade II listed late 18th century cottage located outside the Longparish Conservation Area to the south of the village and approx. 1.33 km northwest of the Site. The asset is stuccoed and thatched. The asset has historic interest and aesthetic interest as an attractive and picturesque building. Once isolated the asset now stands on one side of a triangle of houses that have an almost suburban feel. Its outlook to the southwest however is wholly rural and the setting contributes to the asset’s significance.
Harewood Halt Small Wood Lodge [BH123] is a grade II listed former railway station and stationmaster’s house on the former London and South Western Railway’s Hurstbourne and Fullerton line. The asset was built in 1884 as Longparish’s station and survives largely unaltered. The asset has historic interest as part of the district’s railway history. The asset’s setting is the former railway line. The line was discontinued in 1960 but the route is still discernible allowing the setting to contribute to the asset’s significance.
Keeper’s Cottage [BH71] is a grade II listed cottage approx. 1.45 km east of the centre of Barton Stacey and approx. 1.95 km southeast of the Site. The asset is a 17th century timber framed house with a thatched roof. The asset has historic interest as one of the older houses in the district and aesthetic interest as an attractive and picturesque building. The asset has no neighbours and its rural setting contributes to its significance.
There are two grade II listed milestones within the 5 km study are and the ZTV, Milestone 100 Metres North of Lower Cranbourne Farm Moated Site [BH57] and Milestone 800 Metres West of Red House, Sutton Scotney [BH58]. Both milestones were erected by the Basingstoke and Stockbridge Turnpike Trust in 1755. The milestones have historic interest for their part in the history of the A30, historically the main route from London to the South West. The setting of both assets is the A30 which contributes to their significance. 5.1.4.9 Grade II* and grade I listed buildings within 5 km to 15 km study area There are 20 grade II* and grade I listed buildings within the study area between 5 km and 15 km from the Site. Of these, five assets associated with Wherwell Priory are assessed together with other assets in the village above and three assets are discussed in the section on Lainston House RPG above.
The Church of St James [BH135], grade I, is located in Ashmansworth approx. 13.5 km north of the Site. The church is a Norman structure of aisleless nave and chancel dating to the 12th century with additions and amendments in the 14th, 17th and 18th centuries. There is a squat bell turret in place of a tower. The church has historic interest as one of the older churches in the area and architectural interest for its Norman origins and later additions. The asset has a rural setting with only two isolated farms as neighbours. The church appears always to have been separated from the settlement, the historic maps show it connected to the village by footpaths. The setting has been compromised to an extent by the erection of a large farm building approx. 25m to the north but its continuing sense of isolation from the village adds to its significance.
The Church of St Michael [BH160], grade II*, is located approx. 13 km north of the Site in the hamlet of Crux Easton. The church dates to 1775 with late 19th century additions and takes the form of an aisleless nave and chancel in brick with a semi-circular apse at the east end and a small bell turret at the west end. The church has historic interest as a late 18th century church most probably built to serve the needs of the family at the contemporary, and grade II listed, Crux Easton House just 50m to the south. The asset’s setting is defined by Crux Easton House, the relationship has remained unchanged in over 200 years and contributes to the church’s significance.
The Church of St Thomas of Canterbury [BH145], grade II*, is located in the hamlet of Tangley approx. 13.74 km northwest of the Site. The asset is medieval in origin but was mainly rebuilt in 1875 when a western tower and spire were added. The single cell construction is in flint with a northern transept and eastern apse. The tower is in stone. The church has historic interest and architectural interest, particularly for its rounded apse. The church has an isolated, rural setting to the east of the settlement which contributes to its significance.
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The Church of All Hallows [BH158], grade II*, is located approx. 5 km north-northeast of the Site in the town of Whitchurch. The church is of Norman origin with Perpendicular work but is mainly a restoration of 1866. The plan form is of aisled nave, chancel, west tower with spire and south porch. The walls are of flint and stone rubble with stone dressing, the tower is stone. The tower is squat and will not have been designed to be visible over long distances. The asset has a village setting on the outskirts of the settlement amongst a number of listed cottages and opposite the listed late 17th century vicarage, once Parsonage Farm.
The Church of St Mary the Less [BH155], grade I, is located in the village of Chilbolton approx. 5 km southwest of the Site. The asset is a Norman structure of the 12th century with additions in the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries. A tower was added in 1842 and a vestry and porch as part of a restoration of 1893. The walls are of flint rubble with rendering to some parts and stone dressings, the roof is tiled. The church has architectural interest for its Norman origins and later additions and historic interest as one of the oldest churches in the area. The asset’s setting,the historic core of the village with a number of listed farm buildings and cottages to the south and farmland to the north, contributes to its significance.
The Church of St Michael [BH153], grade I, is located approx. 5.9 km southeast of the Site in the hamlet of Stoke Charity. The church was built c. 1190 with additions and amendments in the 13th, 14th, 15th and 17th centuries. Construction is flint rubble, mostly rendered and with stone dressings and a tiled roof. The church has architectural interest for its Norman origins and later additions and historic interest as one of the oldest churches in the area. The asset’s setting is the settlement which contains a number of listed buildings including cottages, an early 16th century farmhouse and a rectory and contributes to the asset’s significance
The Church of St Mary [BH154], grade II*, is located in the hamlet of Ashley approx. 13 km south-southwest of the Site. The asset dates to the early 12th century with later 12th, 15th and 16th century additions and amendments and restorations in 1858 and 1895. Construction is of flint rubble, mostly plastered and with stone dressings and tiled roofs. Its plan form is of unaisled nave and chancel with a south porch. There is no tower or bell turret. The church has architectural interest for its Norman origins and later additions and historic interest as one of the oldest churches in the area. The asset’s setting is largely enclosed by tree planting on the southern outskirts of the settlement on part of the remains of Gains Castle, a scheduled early 13th century ringwork and bailey.
Many of the churches in the 5 – 15 km study area are in isolated locations on the outskirts of the settlements they were built to serve. They are mainly in enclosed rural settings and while some have towers these are not tall and do not appear to have been designed with long distance views on intervisibility with other churches in mind.
Heaven’s Gate [BH159], grade II*, is an eye-catcher at the southern end of the grade I Highclere Park RPG approx. 14.9 km north of the Site. The mid-18th century asset takes the form of a brick wall pierced by three arches, the tall central arch being flanked by lower arches. The asset has aesthetic and architectural interest as an 18th century folly and historic interest as part of Highclere Park. The asset’s setting is Highclere Park including the grade I listed Highclere Castle approx. 1.1 km to the north from which it was designed to be seen, and from which it is still visible, and contributes to its significance.
Hill House [BH157], grade II*, is located in the village of Appleshaw approx. 14.3 km west-northwest of the Site. Hill House was built in the early 18th century of brick and tile in the Queen Anne style. The symmetrical front is of five bays with a central entrance and a pediment above the first floor. The house has architectural and historic interest as an early 19th century country house in the contemporary Queen Anne style. The asset is set within parkland to the west of the village with formal gardens to the rear and contributes to its significance.
Town Hall [BH138], grade I, is located approx. 5.45 km north-northeast of the Site in the centre of Whitchurch. The town hall dates to the late 18th century and is constructed in red brick with a tiled roof. The plan is of a central range with central entrance with a round-headed window above, a pediment with clock face above that and a square turret on the roof. Wings either side of the central range have smaller entrances. The asset has architectural interest and historic interest as the centre of Whitchurch’s civic life for over 200 years. The asset’s setting is the historic core of the town with listed shops and cottages either side and the listed White Hart Inn opposite which contributes to its significance.
Whitchurch Silk Mill [BH136], grade II*, is located on the north side of the River Test towards the south of the town and is approx. 5.4 km north-northeast of the Site. The mill was built in 1813-15 as a water powered sawmill and was converted to use as a silk mill in 1817-19 at which time a third storey was added. From 1886 the mill began an association with Burberry and by 1921 it was the sole surviving part of Hampshire’s silk industry. The mill was bought by Ede and Ravenscroft in 1971 and closed in 1985. Construction is of red brick and the principal elevation is symmetrical with a central pediment. The asset has historic interest as the last working example of a silk mill in Hampshire, architectural interest as a good example of an early 19th century mill building and archaeological interest for the information it holds on changing practices in the silk industry in the 19th and 20th centuries. The
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd asset’s setting is the River Test which at this point is wooded and extends to Winchester Street at the southern end of the town. The continued relationship between the mill and its former power source contributes to its significance.
The Barn to South of South Litchfield Grange [BH137], grade II*, is located approx. 9.8 km east of the Site to the south of the grade II listed South Lichfield Grange. It is a 17th and early 19th century barn of brick with bands of knapped flint and a thatched roof. The asset has architectural interest for its decorative brick and flint design and historic interest as a 17th century farm building. The asset’s setting is South Lichfield Grange and its surrounding parkland, its continued relationship with the estate of which it was once a part contributes to its significance.
28 Church Street, [BH140], grade II*, is located in Wherwell just over 5 km west-southwest of the Site. It is a house of the 15th and 16th centuries with some early 19th century features and a 20th century extension. Construction is timber framed with plastered panels and a thatched roof. The asset has historic interest as one of the oldest houses in the district. The asset has a picturesque village setting amongst a number of other, mostly listed thatched houses and cottages which contribute to its significance.
Northwood House, [BH149], grade II*, is located approx. 4.9 km southwest of the Site in the village of Chilbolton. The asset was built c. 1700 in the Queen Ann style with brick walls and a tiled roof. The main elevation faces south and has a recessed centre with a pedimented entrance. There are dormers in the north and west slopes of the hipped roof. The asset has historical and architectural interest and is a good example of a large country house in the Queen Ann style. The asset is located on the northern periphery of the village giving it a rural setting which has been unspoilt by modern development and contributes to its significance. 5.2 Significance of Non-designated Assets 5.2.1.1 Barton Stacey Camp cinema and post-office [A20] The significance of the remains of these military amenities is derived from their historical and archaeological interest in the potential they hold to inform on the research aims of the Thames-Solent Research Framework (Hind 2016), in particular to those related to Second World War defences and Cold War operations. 5.3 Potential Archaeological Remains 5.3.1 Previous Ground Disturbance Historical maps show that the Site remained undeveloped throughout the post-medieval period. In the mid-20th century, structures relating to the military base of Barton Stacey Camp were erected on the western edge of the Site. It was evident during the site visit that while some ground disturbance had occurred in the footprint of the two structures, possibly as a result of their demolition, much of the area was left intact. Hardstanding and road surfaces appear to have been laid directly on flattened ground and are unlikely to have caused extensive disturbance to subsurface deposits.
An office building and car park, constructed in the last decade, currently occupies the south-eastern portion of the Site. The building has no basement, and as such ground disturbance from the construction of this compound is likely to have been limited to the topsoil deposits.
Ground disturbance in the remainder of the Site is likely limited to the impacts of agricultural practices on topsoil.
5.3.2 Archaeological Potential This section assesses the potential for further unrecorded buried archaeological remains to be present within the Site. The assessment of archaeological potential is based on the data available at the time of writing and takes into consideration the known archaeological assets within the Site and study area, historical and cartographic evidence presented in the baseline This section assesses the potential for further previously unknown buried archaeological remains to be present within the Site.
Palaeo-environmental: The Site is located along the northern slope of the River Dever valley. Two small perennial drainage channels flow through the Site, which have incised small north-south channels. It is not thought that these channels would have resulted in any alluvial deposition across the Site. As such, it is highly unlikely that the Site contains any deposits of palaeo-environmental potential. The Site is therefore considered to have a low palaeo- environmental potential.
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Early Prehistoric: Palaeolithic and Mesolithic remains are rare nationally and often consist of residual finds recovered from alluvial deposits, terrace gravels and sediment sequences created by ancient rivers. There are no Palaeolithic or Mesolithic remains recorded within the Site, and while the study area does contain gravel deposits of an appropriate age for such remains, these do not extend into the Site. Thus the potential for early prehistoric remains is deemed low.
Neolithic: The Hampshire Chalk Downs are known to contain some of the densest concentrations of Neolithic monuments, consisting mainly of long barrows in various states of preservation. Although the Site is certainly situated within this Neolithic funerary landscape, the nearest long barrows are located a significant distance from the Site (approximately 4 km to the south and 5 km to the east). The Andyke, 800m south-west of the Site may have a Neolithic origin, although this has not been confirmed. Given the presence of these remains in the area but their dispersed distribution, the potential for Neolithic remains to be present within the Site is considered moderate. Any Neolithic material present would not likely relate to funerary practices but would likely consist of scatters of material relating to occupation or exploitation of the nearby natural resources.
Bronze Age: The Site is located in a dense prehistoric that includes a large number of funerary monuments in close proximity. Given the position of the Site on a slight slope along the northern Dever valley halfway between the river’s floodplain and several ploughed out burial mounds to the north, there is some potential for evidence of Bronze Age settlement, occupation, or land use to be present within the Site. The site is therefore considered to have a high potential for Bronze Age remains.
Iron Age: In addition to the highly visible remains of Iron Age hillforts of Tidbury and Norsebury located 2 km and 5 km from the Site respectively, the only Iron Age remains recorded within the 1 km study area consist of a complex system of field systems and enclosures recorded as cropmarks 800 m north-east of the Site and the remains of the possibly Iron Age earthworks of the Andyke 800 m south-west of the Site. The cropmarks to the north-east of the Site are suggestive of a small Iron Age settlement or farmstead that are located on a landform with a topography and aspect largely similar to that found at the Site. As such, given the potential for Iron Age remains to be present within the Site is considered high.
Roman: The only evidence of Roman occupation in the 1 km study area consists of a scatter of Romano-British pottery recorded in close proximity to the Iron Age enclosures and field systems visible as cropmarks tentatively dated to the Iron Age. This suggests possible continued occupation of the small settlement 800m north-east of the Site during the Roman period. Similarly, remains at the Tidbury Ring suggest some continuity between the Iron Age and Roman period there. Beyond these two sites, there is little evidence to suggest a dense Roman occupation of the wider area around the Site. The Site is located approximately 6 km from the nearest Roman road that linked Winchester to Andover. Given its distance from large Roman settlements and major transportation arteries, it is likely that the Site was situated within a rural and agricultural landscape during the Roman period. The main settlement types in the area are likely to consist of small farmsteads or villas such as those suggested by the cropmarks north-east of the Site, or the remains of field systems. The potential for Roman period remains to be located within the Site is therefore considered to be moderate.
Early medieval and medieval: The earliest historical reference to the area in which the Site is located is an early 10th century reference to lands of Drayton north of Barton Stacey which are likely have included the Site itself. Lodge Farm, to the east, is first mentioned in the 13th century. Together these references suggest that the Site may have been park of agricultural estates for much of the early medieval and medieval periods. Previously unrecorded archaeological assets from these periods that may be located within the Site would likely be limited to evidence of agricultural activities such as field systems and boundaries. Given the lack of such previously recorded remains within the study area, the potential for early medieval and medieval remains within the Site is considered low.
Post-medieval: The post-medieval period witnessed the evolution of the Drayton Estate through successive generations and land divisions. In the mid-19th century the estate built a new farm, Drayton Farm, immediately south of the Site, which may have managed the agricultural land of the Site. Historical maps show no other developments within the Site itself. Previously unrecorded archaeological remains dating to the post-medieval period that may be located within the Site would likely be limited to its agricultural use. The potential for such remains to be present within the Site is considered moderate.
Modern: Despite clear maps that show the use of the western edge of the Site as a cinema and post-office between 1939 and the 1980s, uses within operational military camps are poorly documented. There is therefore a high potential for previously unrecorded archaeological remains of the modern period, relating to the military use of the Barton Stacey Camp, to be situated within the Site.
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This desk-based assessment has identified the known archaeological resource within the study area and has predicted the archaeological potential of the Site. There is, however, still a risk that unexpected archaeological remains of all periods may be discovered within the Site.
5.3.3 Significance of Potential Archaeological Remains The NPPF stresses the importance of identifying and assessing the significance of any heritage asset and its setting that may be affected by a proposed development. Once significance has been established, the impact of any proposal can be appropriately assessed.
The significance of potential heritage assets is based on regional research resource assessments and research frameworks for the Thames and Solent (Hey and Hind 2016) as well as thematic and period-specific reviews such as the prehistoric period (EH, 2010), the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods (Pettitt et al., 2008; Prehistoric Society, 1999), the Bronze Age (Roberts, 2008), the Iron Age (Haselgrove et al., 2001) the Roman period (James and Millett, 2001), and Historic England’s Introductions to Heritage Assets and Selection Guides.
The assessment identifies a high potential for Bronze Age, Iron Age, and modern remains, a moderate potential for Neolithic, Roman, and post-medieval remains, and a low potential for remains dated to all other periods as well as for palaeo-environmental remains.
Evidence of Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Roman period remains would likely consist of occupation, settlement, agricultural, or resource exploitation activities. The significance of previously unrecorded remains of these periods would be evidential and derived from their potential to contribute to our understanding of past human activity based on national, regional or local frameworks. According to current evidence, isolated artefactual material or truncated/disturbed remains would be of low significance, while well preserved and in situ evidence for occupation/settlement remains could be of medium significance. In each case they would contribute to local and regional research frameworks.
Modern period remains are likely to relate to the operation of the Barton Stacey Camp in use between 1938 and the 1980s and may consist of remains relating to the use of the cinema and post office on the western edge of the Site or to military training exercises elsewhere. The significance of any such remains would be based on their archaeological and historical value and the information they hold which could contribute to our understanding of local military developments. Any such remains would be considered of low significance and would contribute to local research framework at most.
The significance of any remains that are compromised by poor preservation or truncation is assessed as very low. The significance of any previously unknown remains that may survive within the Site would derive from their evidential value and their potential to contribute to our understanding of past human activity guided by local, regional and national research priorities. 5.4 Historic Landscape 5.4.1 Historic Landscape Character The Site is characterised by a combination of agricultural field systems and woodlands originating in the 19th century and a military landscape dating to the mid-20th century which is slowly reverting to parkland. To the south of the Site are natural woodlands and water meadows associated with the use of the River Dever floodplain. All five of these historic landscapes identified by the Hampshire HLC are considered relatively common across both Hampshire and the Hampshire Downs.
In addition, the Site forms part of a Neolithic funerary landscape, a Bronze Age funerary and likely settlement landscape, and an Iron Age agricultural landscape. 5.4.2 Sensitivity to Change The importance and significance of historic landscape character is assessed in terms of sensitivity to change. Those with a high sensitivity to change should be accommodated and preserved where possible within new developments, or should be subject to well managed changes. Historic landscapes with a lower sensitivity to change can be potentially enhanced by new developments and can absorb most types and scales of essential, well-managed change.
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There are no historic landscapes within the Site with a very high or high sensitivity to change. Historic landscapes fall within the moderate, low, or negligible categories, as described below.
The 19th century fields (HHLC 1.10), 19th century plantations (HHLC 4.5), and 20th century defences (HHLC 14.5) are all relatively common throughout Hampshire and of, at most, local interest. As such, they are considered to be of negligible sensitivity to change.
The woodlands and water meadows within the valley floor (HHLC 7.2 and 7.4) are relatively common and considered of low sensitivity to change. They are, however, located 900m south of the Site and are unlikely to be impacted by the Proposed Development.
The prehistoric landscape dating from the Neolithic to the Iron Age, while common to the Hampshire Down is rare nationally due to its preservation, density, and extent. As such it is considered to be of moderate sensitivity to change.
6 Conclusion
AECOM was commissioned by WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd. to prepare a cultural heritage desk-based assessment in support of an Environmental Statement with the aim of obtaining planning permission to construct a new Waste- to-Energy facility. This DBA first sets out the heritage baseline for the Site in order to identify all known designated and non-designated heritage assets within the Site, to determine the potential for as yet unknown buried archaeological remains to be present within the Site, and to identify heritage assets within the study area that may have their settings impacted by the proposed scheme. This report includes an assessment of the significance, using NPPF terminology, of the known and potential heritage resources that may be impacted by scheme. Finally, this assessment has assessed the historic landscape within the Site and surrounding study area and determined its sensitivity to change.
There are no designated heritage assets within the Proposed Development. This report has identified one registered park and garden, four conservation areas and 134 listed buildings within the 5 km study area and the ZTV. It has identified 20 grade I and II* listed buildings and eight registered parks and gardens within the 5 km to 15 km study area These assets have been assessed to establish their setting and significance. The majority of assets lie within settlements, with limited potential for the development to be appreciable within their setting. With regard to features which have a more established relationship to the wider landscape, such as the registered parks and gardens and churches, key elements of their setting have been identified. Only where these key elements have the potential to experience significant change will further assessment be undertaken. As a result, it is considered that within the 5 km study area the Proposed Development has the potential for impact on three conservation areas and one registered park and garden. The Proposed Development will also have the potential for impacts on listed buildings outside the conservation areas, either within settlements or in isolation. Within the 5 – 15 km study area the baseline report has assessed registered parks and gardens and grade I and II* listed buildings. With one exception which is on high ground and has long distance views, the registered parks and gardens are located within the agricultural land that represents their former estates and at distances of over 5 km the Proposed Development will not affect the ability to appreciate the assets within their setting. The grade I and II* listed buildings comprise largely country houses in their own grounds with former estate land beyond, and churches, many of them in isolated locations outside the settlements they were built to serve. Although some of the churches have towers, none of the examples are tall and there is no evidence that any of them were built to be seen over long distances. At distances of over 5 km the Proposed Development will not have the potential to change these settings and thereby have an impact on these assets.
There is a single non-designated asset [A20] within the Site and a further 21 such assets within the 1 km study area. This asset within the Site is likely to be impacted by the Proposed Development. It has also determined that the site holds a high potential for previously unrecorded Bronze Age, Iron Age, and modern remains, a moderate potential for previously unrecorded Neolithic, Roman, and post-medieval remains, and a low potential for previously unrecorded early prehistoric, medieval, and palaeo-environmental remains.
The historic landscapes within which the Site is situated are considered to be of negligible, low, or moderate sensitivity. The Proposed Development has the potential to alter the latter of these, the prehistoric landscape dating to the Neolithic to the Iron Age, considered to be of moderate sensitivity to change.
The impact of the Proposed Development on these heritage assets will be discussed within the Cultural Heritage Chapter of the Environmental Statement (Chapter 13), for which this desk-based assessment has been completed.
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Harewood WtE Facility WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd References
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Appendix A Archaeological Gazetteer
Asset Reference Easting Northing Site name Description Period No. No. A1 HHER 63646 444902 142880 Cropmark of a Prehistoric A highly fragmented field system of probable prehistoric date is visible as cropmarks on aerial Prehistoric Field System, south-east of Lodge photographs to the south-east of Lodge Farm. Farm
A2 HHER 33308 443210 142650 Possible Long Barrow, East of The Oval enclosure to the east of the Andykes with an associated curvilinear feature (HHER Neolithic Andykes 33309) on its western side. Possibly the site of a Neolithic long barrow.
A3 NHLE 1012517 441765 138292 Long barrow 300m south-east of The monument consists a long barrow, surviving as a low earthwork, situated on the northern Neolithic Middlebarn Farm edge of a plateau. Forms part of a group of four long barrows in the immediate vicinity.
A4 NHLE 1013201 442586 138778 Long barrow 400m west of Moody's A long barrow surviving as a low earthwork in an arable field and situated just below the crest Neolithic Down Farm of a gentle SE facing slope. Forms part of a group of four long barrows in the immediate vicinity.
A5 NHLE 1012515 443359 138675 Long barrow 400m south-east of A long barrow surviving as an earthwork in an arable field and situated on a flat-topped spur Neolithic Moody's Down Farm adjacent to a firing range. Forms part of a group of four long barrows in the immediate vicinity.
A6 NHLE 1013005 448961 142489 Long barrow 250m north-east of A long barrow set along the east end of a low ridge and on the edge of an arable field close Neolithic Upper Cranbourne Farm to the east-bound carriageway of the A303.
A7 NHLE 1001900 441845 138951 Three barrows SW of Newton Down Three round barrows in an arable field near a series of older long barrows. Bronze Age Farm
A8 NHLE 1020318 447475 140105 Bell barrow and bowl barrow at The monument includes a bell barrow and a bowl barrow, both of probable Bronze Age date Bronze Age Kitson's Clumps (2400-700 BC), prominently situated at the end of a chalk ridge overlooking the River Dever 500m to the south.
A9 HHER 17586 444570 143500 Bowl Barrow Ploughed out bronze age bowl barrow was visible as a slight, spread mound. May contain Bronze Age internal pit (SU44SW6B).
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Asset Reference Easting Northing Site name Description Period No. No. A10 HHER 17587 443800 143600 Ring Ditch A ring ditch identified from aerial photograph. In close proximity to ploughed out Bronze Age Bronze Age barrows and therefore interpreted as similar.
A11 HHER 33277 444390 143610 Ring ditch A ring ditch identified from aerial photograph. In close proximity to ploughed out Bronze Age Bronze Age barrows and therefore interpreted as similar.
A12 HHER 63645 444425 143159 Cropmark of a Bronze Age Round The site of a Bronze Age round barrow is visible as a cropmark ring Bronze Age Barrow, North of Lodge Farm ditch on aerial photographs.
A13 HHER 60485 444865 142686 Plot 0.2, Watching Brief On Barton A watching brief for a proposed pipeline identified four ditches and a single pit. The ditches Bronze Age Stacey To Lockerley Pipeline contained Roman period pottery. Although the pit contained Bronze Age pottery, this was and Roman thought to be residual and therefore the pit remains undated.
A14 HHER 30575 444650 143300 Enclosure System, Bullington Complex of enclosures and field system visible on aerial photographs. No traces of the Iron Age markings were identifiable on the ground although there is a considerable scatter of calcined flint and a few pieces of Romano-British coarseware in the general area. Likely an Iron Age or Romano-British settlement.
A15 NHLE 1020317 449120 140092 Norsbury Ring hillfort The monument includes a small univallate hillfort dating to the Iron Age (700 BC-AD 43), Iron Age situated on an east-west aligned chalk ridge which flanks the River Dever to the south.
A16 NHLE 1001950 446270 142909 Tidbury Ring A hill fort of uncertain date but likely originating from the Iron Age. Several Roman period Iron Age to buildings have been identified within the enclosure from aerial photographs. Roman
A17 HHER 39977 444700 142980 Lodge Farm First documented in 13th century as 'Loge'. Medieval
A18 HHER 41701 443700 143400 Longparish Underground Royal Observer Corps Monitoring Post built in 1961; closed October 1968. No Modern trace of the structure remains.
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Asset Reference Easting Northing Site name Description Period No. No. A19 HHER 58004 443558 142872 Barton Stacey Camp Site of military camp created in 1938 by requisition of derelict estates at Barton Stacey. The Modern camp played a significant role in World War Two when large numbers of American forces - particularly 5 Division - were stationed there as part of the preparation for D-Day on 6 June 1944. The army has since left Barton Stacey, and the camp has closed, and the camp buildings were all demolished in the late-1980s. The army retains much of the land around Barton Stacey as training areas, and these are sometimes used for day and night exercises which involve firing.
A20 N/A 443814 142802 Barton Stacey Camp Remains of a cinema and post office which formed part of the Barton Stacey Camp identified Modern on the 1977 conveyance map showing MOD use.
A21 HHER 33309 443050 142660 Curvilinear feature NW-SE curvilinear feature located west of a possible long barrow (HHER 33308) near the Unknown Andyke.
A22 NHLE 1015678 442604 142628 The Andyke, Bransbury This 500m long roughly north-south orientated curvilinear feature consists of a ditch (14m Unknown wide, 2m deep) and bank (10m wide, 3m high) in the River Dever valley east of Bransbury. Although this monument is poorly understood, it is referred to as ‘Auntediche' in an Anglo- Saxon charter, and has previously been interpreted as the defences of an Iron Age promontory fort.
A23 HHER 33079 444620 143500 None Central pit located inside a ring ditch. Unknown
A24 HHER 33275 443840 143760 None Transcription of a ring ditch; air photograph reference AXL 110-112. Unknown
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Appendix B Built Heritage Gazetteer
Listed buildings within 5 km study area and ZTV
BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH1 <5km POST OFFICE 1092423 Listed Building II SU 43748 46291 Hurstbourne Priors
BH2 <5km 55 1092424 Listed Building II SU 43758 46956 Hurstbourne Priors
BH3 <5km WHEAT COTTAGE 1093352 Listed Building II SU 43560 41318 Barton Stacey
BH4 <5km SHEPHERDS COTTAGES 1093382 Listed Building II SU 39328 41281 Wherwell
BH5 <5km GATEPIERS (TO THE EAST LODGE OF THE PRIORY) 1093392 Listed Building II SU 39610 40851 N/a
BH6 <5km NEWTON COTTAGES AND BOUNDARY WALL 1093393 Listed Building II SU 43366 44672 Longparish
BH7 <5km THE DROVE 1093394 Listed Building II SU 43386 44628 Longparish
BH8 <5km MAIDEN COTTAGE 1093395 Listed Building II SU 43321 44660 Longparish
BH9 <5km MEADOW LAWN 1093396 Listed Building II SU 43320 44631 Longparish
BH10 <5km PRESTON COTTAGE 1093397 Listed Building II SU 43281 44610 Longparish
BH11 <5km WEST ASTON AND ASTON COTTAGE 1093398 Listed Building II SU 43272 44593 Longparish
BH12 <5km LITTLE NEWTON 1093399 Listed Building II SU 43289 44569 Longparish
BH13 <5km KEEPER'S COTTAGE 1093400 Listed Building II SU 43269 44519 Longparish
BH14 <5km TUDOR COTTAGE 1093401 Listed Building II SU 43191 44415 Longparish
BH15 <5km MIDDLETON HOUSE 1093402 Listed Building II SU 42206 44021 Longparish
BH16 <5km CHURCH FARMHOUSE 1093403 Listed Building II SU 42525 43914 Longparish
BH17 <5km STONE CROSS (OUTSIDE THE RECTORY GATE) 1093405 Listed Building II SU 42638 43967 Longparish
BH18 <5km WHITE WINDOWS 1093406 Listed Building II SU 42708 44017 Longparish
BH19 <5km FELLMONGERS BARN 1093407 Listed Building II SU 42826 44072 Longparish
BH20 <5km DEADMAN'S PLACK MONUMENT 1093409 Listed Building II SU 40097 44818 Longparish
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BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH21 <5km BARN (30 YARDS SOUTH OF FIRGO FARMHOUSE) 1093410 Listed Building II SU 46064 44488 N/a
BH22 <5km STABLE (20 YARDS WEST OF GAVELACRE 1093411 Listed Building II SU 41515 42696 N/a FARMHOUSE) BH23 <5km LOWER FARM COTTAGE 1093426 Listed Building II SU 42781 44156 Longparish
BH24 <5km EAST ASTON FARMHOUSE 1093427 Listed Building II SU 43902 45019 Longparish
BH25 <5km ORCHARD COTTAGE AND BARN 1093428 Listed Building II SU 43798 44966 Longparish
BH26 <5km INGLENOOK COTTAGE 1093429 Listed Building II SU 42172 43641 Longparish
BH27 <5km FORTON COTTAGE 1093430 Listed Building II SU 42025 43536 Longparish
BH28 <5km 1, 3, AND 5 1093431 Listed Building II SU 41973 43473 Longparish
BH29 <5km FORTON FARMHOUSE 1093432 Listed Building II SU 41877 43430 Longparish
BH30 <5km LONGPARISH HOUSE 1093433 Listed Building II* SU 43642 44831 Longparish
BH31 <5km VINE COTTAGE 1093434 Listed Building II SU 43403 44742 Longparish
BH32 <5km THE FORGE 1093435 Listed Building II SU 43477 40890 Barton Stacey
BH33 <5km OLD SCHOOL HOUSE 1093436 Listed Building II SU 43543 41091 Barton Stacey
BH34 <5km THE SWAN INN 1093437 Listed Building II SU 43518 41048 Barton Stacey
BH35 <5km SEALARKS 1093438 Listed Building II SU 43509 40866 Barton Stacey
BH36 <5km CHURCH FARMHOUSE AND GARDEN WALL 1093439 Listed Building II* SU 43364 41380 N/a
BH37 <5km CHURCH OF ST MICHAEL 1093440 Listed Building II* SU 45485 41228 N/a
BH38 <5km CHURCH FARMHOUSE AND GARDEN WALL 1093441 Listed Building II SU 45438 41238 N/a
BH39 <5km MILL (IMMEDIATELY NORTH OF CHURCH 1093442 Listed Building II SU 45436 41258 N/a FARMHOUSE) BH40 <5km BARN AND OUTBUILDINGS (60 YARDS EAST OF 1093443 Listed Building II SU 45479 41241 N/a CHURCH FARMHOUSE) BH41 <5km BULLINGTON HOUSE 1093444 Listed Building II SU 46329 41551 N/a
BH42 <5km 11 AND 12 1093445 Listed Building II SU 46161 41497 N/a
BH43 <5km BRANSBURY MANOR 1093468 Listed Building II SU 42011 42324 N/a
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BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH44 <5km WALL (20 YARDS EAST OF BRANSBURY MANOR) 1093469 Listed Building II SU 42067 42303 N/a
BH45 <5km RIVERSIDE COTTAGE 1093470 Listed Building II SU 42221 42216 N/a
BH46 <5km BRANSBURY MILL 1093471 Listed Building II SU 42377 42193 N/a
BH47 <5km BARN (20 YARDS NORTH OF MANOR FARMHOUSE) 1093472 Listed Building II SU 41058 40471 N/a
BH48 <5km YEW TREE COTTAGE 1093473 Listed Building II SU 43517 41216 Barton Stacey
BH49 <5km THE MALT HOUSE AND BOUNDARY WALL 1093474 Listed Building II SU 43505 41179 Barton Stacey
BH50 <5km TABLE TOMB 10 METRES NORTH OF CHURCH OF 1093475 Listed Building II SU 43491 41162 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH51 <5km TABLE TOMB 9 METRES NORTH OF CHURCH OF 1093476 Listed Building II SU 43494 41161 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH52 <5km THE OLD PLOUGH 1093477 Listed Building II SU 43486 40989 Barton Stacey
BH53 <5km VIRGINIA COTTAGE 1093478 Listed Building II SU 43487 40973 Barton Stacey
BH54 <5km ST OLAF'S 1095161 Listed Building II SU 47205 39425 N/a
BH55 <5km LAVENDER MEAD 1095162 Listed Building II SU 47448 39408 N/a
BH56 <5km BARN 100 METRES NORTH OF NORTON MANOR 1095164 Listed Building II SU 46939 41070 N/a
BH57 <5km MILESTONE 100 METRES NORTH OF LOWER 1095189 Listed Building II SU 47708 40714 N/a CRANBOURNE FARM MOATED SITE BH58 <5km MILESTONE 800 METRES WEST OF RED HOUSE, 1157217 Listed Building II SU 45179 39159 N/a SUTTON SCOTNEY BH59 <5km THE BEE HOUSE 1175623 Listed Building II* SU 44198 46379 Hurstbourne Priors
BH60 <5km LONGTHATCH 1175649 Listed Building II SU 43731 46393 Hurstbourne Priors
BH61 <5km THE LONG HOUSE 1175662 Listed Building II SU 43749 46686 Hurstbourne Priors
BH62 <5km GRANARY (100 YARDS SOUTH WEST OF 1179242 Listed Building II SU 43539 44777 Longparish LONGPARISH HOUSE) BH63 <5km ST OLAF'S POND COTTAGE (150 METRES WEST 1178487 Listed Building II SU 47046 39475 N/a NORTH WEST OF WONSTON COTTAGE) BH64 <5km WONSTON COTTAGE 1178501 Listed Building II SU 47227 39450 N/a
BH65 <5km BEECH COTTAGE 1178508 Listed Building II SU 47318 39782 N/a
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BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH66 <5km NORTON MANOR NEAR SUTTON SCOTNEY 1178545 Listed Building II* SU 46995 40979 N/a
BH67 <5km TABLE TOMB 12 METRES NORTH OF CHURCH OF 1178748 Listed Building II SU 43486 41164 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH68 <5km TABLE TOMB 5 METRES NORTH OF CHURCH OF 1178749 Listed Building II SU 43488 41157 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH69 <5km TABLE TOMB 7 METRES NORTH OF CHURCH OF 1178751 Listed Building II SU 43491 41159 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH70 <5km TABLE TOMB 2 METRES NORTH OF CHURCH OF 1178769 Listed Building II SU 43481 41155 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH71 <5km KEEPER'S COTTAGE 1178866 Listed Building II SU 44946 41163 N/a
BH72 <5km GRANARY (10 YARDS SOUTH OF NO 11) 1178875 Listed Building II SU 46177 41479 N/a
BH73 <5km HONEY COTTAGE 1179085 Listed Building II SU 42800 44116 Longparish
BH74 <5km GARDEN COTTAGE 1179114 Listed Building II SU 43775 44959 Longparish
BH75 <5km FORTON HOUSE 1179116 Listed Building II SU 41902 43638 Longparish
BH76 <5km KINGFISHER COTTAGE 1179130 Listed Building II SU 42075 43582 Longparish
BH77 <5km ROSE COTTAGE 1179148 Listed Building II SU 42048 43555 Longparish
BH78 <5km OWLS COTTAGE 1179161 Listed Building II SU 41975 43554 Longparish
BH79 <5km "OLD OFF LICENCE SIRRAH COTTAGE 1179170 Listed Building II SU 41996 43498 Longparish WESTHAY" BH80 <5km GRANARY (30 YARDS NORTH EAST OF FORTON 1179220 Listed Building II SU 41901 43462 Longparish FARMHOUSE) BH81 <5km YEW COTTAGE 1179252 Listed Building II SU 43365 44709 Longparish
BH82 <5km MALTHOUSE COTTAGE 1179297 Listed Building II SU 43145 44401 Longparish
BH83 <5km CRICKET FIELD COTTAGES 1179306 Listed Building II SU 43134 44365 Longparish
BH84 <5km GRANARY (60 YARDS NORTH WEST OF 1179310 Listed Building II SU 42130 44007 Longparish MIDDLETON HOUSE) BH85 <5km GRANARY (70 YARDS WEST OF CHURCH 1179331 Listed Building II SU 42458 43891 Longparish FARMHOUSE) BH86 <5km THE RECTORY 1179337 Listed Building II SU 42583 43961 Longparish
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BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH87 <5km STOCKS (NEXT TO CHURCHYARD) 1179340 Listed Building II SU 42620 43923 Longparish
BH88 <5km THE CURACY 1179344 Listed Building II SU 42661 43988 Longparish
BH89 <5km WESTBROOK AND BROOKSIDE 1179362 Listed Building II SU 42800 44104 Longparish
BH90 <5km THE THATCH 1179364 Listed Building II SU 43170 43941 N/a
BH91 <5km FIRGO FARMHOUSE 1179412 Listed Building II SU 46023 44491 N/a
BH92 <5km BARN (30 YARDS SOUTH-WEST OF GAVELACRE 1179449 Listed Building II SU 41502 42660 N/a FARMHOUSE) BH93 <5km GRANARY (30 YARDS WEST OF GAVELACRE 1179467 Listed Building II SU 41502 42707 N/a FARMHOUSE) BH94 <5km OLD GREENWICH COTTAGE 1179622 Listed Building II SU 39455 41326 N/a
BH95 <5km TOLL COTTAGE 1179625 Listed Building II SU 39294 41257 N/a
BH96 <5km EAST LODGE TO THE PRIORY 1179720 Listed Building II SU 39607 40859 N/a
BH97 <5km STABLE (20 YARDS WEST OF FIRGO FARMHOUSE) 1301944 Listed Building II SU 46024 44466 N/a
BH98 <5km RIVERSIDE COTTAGE 1302060 Listed Building II SU 42012 43453 Longparish
BH99 <5km QUEEN ANNE COTTAGE 1302073 Listed Building II SU 41979 43457 Longparish
BH100 <5km MILLHOUSE AND MILL 1302097 Listed Building II SU 44066 44762 Longparish
BH101 <5km HOME FARM COTTAGE 1302100 Listed Building II SU 43967 44951 Longparish
BH102 <5km CHURCH OF ALL SAINTS 1302289 Listed Building II* SU 43488 41145 Barton Stacey
BH103 <5km TABLE TOMB 10 METRES SOUTH OF CHURCH OF 1302300 Listed Building II SU 43489 41127 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH104 <5km CHURCHYARD WALL AND CROSS 1339255 Listed Building II SU 43487 41109 Barton Stacey
BH105 <5km TABLE TOMB 9 METRES NOTH OF CHURCH OF ALL 1339256 Listed Building II SU 43489 41161 Barton Stacey SAINTS BH106 <5km TABLE TOMB 5 METRES NORTH OF CHURCH OF 1339257 Listed Building II SU 43485 41158 Barton Stacey ALL SAINTS BH107 <5km THE VICARAGE 1339258 Listed Building II SU 43488 40930 Barton Stacey
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BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH108 <5km BARN AND STABLE (20 YARDS SOUTH-EAST OF 1339273 Listed Building II SU 41890 43397 Longparish FORTON FARMHOUSE) BH109 <5km JANOR 1339274 Listed Building II SU 43337 44725 Longparish
BH110 <5km WADES FARMHOUSE 1339275 Listed Building II SU 43458 40803 Barton Stacey
BH111 <5km ASH FARM HOUSE 1339276 Listed Building II SU 43562 40925 Barton Stacey
BH112 <5km 13 AND 14 1339277 Listed Building II SU 46121 41501 N/a
BH113 <5km FARM BUILDING (20 YARDS EAST OF BRANSBURY 1339289 Listed Building II SU 42096 42331 N/a MANOR) BH114 <5km THE BARRACKS 1339290 Listed Building II SU 42209 42320 N/a
BH115 <5km MANOR FARMHOUSE 1339291 Listed Building II SU 41060 40427 N/a
BH116 <5km GRANARY (10 YARDS SOUTH OF OLD MALT 1339292 Listed Building II SU 43556 41302 Barton Stacey HOUSE) BH117 <5km THE CRICKETERS INN 1339294 Listed Building II SU 43346 44656 Longparish
BH118 <5km GRANARY (15 YARDS NORTH OF MALTHOUSE 1339295 Listed Building II SU 43142 44425 Longparish COTTAGE) BH119 <5km STABLE AND CARTSHED (15 YARDS SOUTH WEST 1339296 Listed Building II SU 42516 43886 Longparish OF CHURCH FARMHOUSE) BH120 <5km CHURCH OF ST NICHOLAS 1339297 Listed Building I SU 42570 43907 Longparish
BH121 <5km THE COTTAGE 1339298 Listed Building II SU 42699 44007 Longparish
BH122 <5km GAVELACRE FARMHOUSE 1339301 Listed Building II SU 41552 42682 N/a
BH123 <5km "HAREWOOD HALT SMALL WOOD LODGE" 1339302 Listed Building II SU 41295 43094 N/a
BH124 <5km MEADOW FARM COTTAGE 1339308 Listed Building II SU 44054 44927 Longparish
BH125 <5km COWLEASE COTTAGE 1339309 Listed Building II SU 43769 44917 Longparish
BH126 <5km TEST VIEW COTTAGE 1339310 Listed Building II SU 42059 43559 Longparish
BH127 <5km YEW TREE COTTAGE 1339311 Listed Building II SU 42030 43505 Longparish
BH128 <5km 6 AND 8 1339312 Listed Building II SU 41992 43463 Longparish
Prepared for: WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd AECOM 41
Harewood WtE Facility – Desk-Based Assessment Project number: 6056815
BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH129 <5km BARN (30 YARDS SOUTH OF DUBLIN FARMHOUSE) 1339325 Listed Building II SU 39804 41463 N/a
BH130 <5km THE MANOR HOUSE 1339805 Listed Building II SU 43665 46447 Hurstbourne Priors
BH131 <5km CHURCH OF ST ANDREW 1339806 Listed Building II* SU 43918 46661 Hurstbourne Priors
BH132 <5km GRANARY 10 METRES EAST OF WONSTON 1350834 Listed Building II SU 47249 39448 N/a COTTAGE BH133 <5km Longparish War Memorial 1428863 Listed Building II SU 42492 44005 Longparish
BH134 <5km Bray Cottage 1095163 Listed Building II SU 47847 39397 N/a
BH135 5-15km CHURCH OF ST JAMES 1092445 Listed Building I SU 41071 56631 N/a
BH136 5-15km Whitchurch Silk Mill 1092645 Listed Building II* SU4625247901 N/a
BH137 5-15km BARN TO SOUTH OF SOUTH LITCHFIELD GRANGE 1092664 Listed Building II* SU 53070 45855 N/a
BH138 5-15km TOWN HALL 1092680 Listed Building II* SU 46243 48094 N/a
BH139 5-15km STABLE BLOCK (30 YARDS SOUTH OF WHERWELL 1093391 Listed Building I SU 39177 40671 N/a PRIORY) BH140 5-15km 28, CHURCH STREET 1093414 Listed Building II* SU 39124 40933 N/a
BH141 5-15km LONGPARISH HOUSE 1093433 Listed Building II* SU 43642 44831 N/a
BH142 5-15km CHURCH FARMHOUSE AND GARDEN WALL 1093439 Listed Building II* SU 43364 41380 N/a
BH143 5-15km CHURCH OF ST MICHAEL 1093440 Listed Building II* SU 45485 41228 N/a
BH144 5-15km LAINSTON HOUSE 1095761 Listed Building II* SU 44260 31616 N/a
BH145 5-15km CHURCH OF ST THOMAS OF CANTERBURY 1156218 Listed Building II* SU 33409 52447 N/a
BH146 5-15km THE BEE HOUSE 1175623 Listed Building II* SU 44198 46379 N/a
BH147 5-15km NORTON MANOR NEAR SUTTON SCOTNEY 1178545 Listed Building II* SU 46995 40979 N/a
BH148 5-15km WALLED GARDEN AND ATTACHED ANIMAL ENGINE 1178952 Listed Building II* SU 44132 31653 N/a HOUSE, 75 METRES WEST OF LAINSTON HOUSE BH149 5-15km NORTHWOOD HOUSE 1178985 Listed Building II* SU 39565 40249 N/a
BH150 5-15km CHURCH OF ST PETER AND HOLY CROSS 1179499 Listed Building II* SU 39146 40822 N/a
Prepared for: WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd AECOM 42
Harewood WtE Facility – Desk-Based Assessment Project number: 6056815
BH number Distance Name NHLE Type Designation NGR Conservation Area from Site BH151 5-15km THE PRIORY 1301832 Listed Building II* SU 39180 40736 N/a
BH152 5-15km CHURCH OF ALL SAINTS 1302289 Listed Building II* SU 43488 41145 N/a
BH153 5-15km CHURCH OF ST MICHAEL 1302427 Listed Building I SU 48878 39271 N/a
BH154 5-15km CHURCH OF ST MARY 1339063 Listed Building II* SU 38492 30903 N/a
BH155 5-15km CHURCH OF ST MARY THE LESS 1339283 Listed Building I SU 39481 40219 N/a
BH156 5-15km CHURCH OF ST NICHOLAS 1339297 Listed Building I SU 42570 43907 N/a
BH157 5-15km HILL HOUSE 1339464 Listed Building II* SU 30365 48633 N/a
BH158 5-15km CHURCH OF ALL HALLOWS 1339652 Listed Building II* SU 45994 47748 N/a
BH159 5-15km HEAVEN'S GATE 1339737 Listed Building II* SU 44596 57629 N/a
BH160 5-15km CHURCH OF ST MICHAEL 1339798 Listed Building II* SU 42478 56235 N/a
BH161 5-15km CHURCH OF ST ANDREW 1339806 Listed Building II* SU 43918 46661 N/a
BH162 5-15km DOVECOTE 80 METRES NORTH WEST OF 1350545 Listed Building II* SU 44189 31680 N/a LAINSTON HOUSE BH163 5-15km HIGHCLERE PARK 1000109 RPG I SU4498459143 N/a
BH164 <5km HURSTBOURNE PARK 1000216 RPG II SU4415748274 N/a
BH165 5-15km THE GRANGE, NORTHINGTON 1000296 RPG II* SU5561836505 N/a
BH166 5-15km LAVERSTOKE PARK 1000473 RPG II SU 49532 48909 N/a
BH167 5-15km AVINGTON PARK 1000529 RPG II* SU5243131764 N/a
BH168 5-15km AMPORT PARK 1000858 RPG II SU 29741 43700 N/a
BH169 5-15km LAINSTON HOUSE 1000862 RPG II* SU 44643 31673 N/a
BH170 5-15km STRATTON PARK 1000867 RPG II SU 54298 40984 N/a
BH171 5-15km SPARSHOLT MANOR GARDEN 1001704 RPG II SU 43816 31302 N/a
Prepared for: WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd AECOM 43
Harewood WtE Facility – Desk-Based Assessment Project number: 6056815
Appendix C Figures
Figure 1. Site Location Figure 2. Archaeological Assets Figure 3. Historic Landscape Character Figure 4. Built Heritage Assets within 5km Figure 5. Built Heritage Assets within 15km Figure 6. Saxton’s map of 1575 Figure 7. Taylor’s map of 1759 Figure 8. Milne’s map of 1791 Figure 9. Greenwood’s map of 1826 Figure 10. Barton Stacey Tithe Map of 1840 Figure 11. First Edition 6inch Ordnance Survey Map of 1874, Sheet 24 Figure 12. Second Edition 6inch Ordnance Survey Map of 1896, Sheet 24SE Figure 13. Third Edition 6inch Ordnance Survey Map of 1874, Sheet 24SE Figure 14. Aerial photograph dated 1947 Figure 15. Aerial photograph dated 1972
Prepared for: WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd AECOM 44
THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT LEGEND Application Site 1km Study Area
*# 100 0 100 200 km d x m . n o i t a c o Copyright L e t i
S Contains Ordnance Survey Data © Crown Copyright
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1 and database right 2019. - 3 1 e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
S CULTURAL HERITAGE _ n o t r DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a
B Client _ k r a p o r i WTI EFW HOLDINGS LTD. v n E _ I T Project Title W _ 5 1 5 8 6
5 WHEELABRATOR HAREWOOD 0 6 \ s
m WASTE TO ENERGY FACILITY e t s y S n o i t Drawing Title a m r o f n I
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4 0 0 5
\ SITE LOCATION s e c i v r e S t n
e Drawn Checked Approved Date m e TD DH LB 18/09/2019 g a n AECOM Internal Project No. Scale @ A3 a M
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60568515 1:10,000 0 0
4 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE 4 \ TERMS OF AECOM'S APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. AECOM ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY k u
. FOR ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR o FOLLOWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE c #
. *
n PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. o s l i
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4 Hampshire, RG21 7PP 0
0 Telephone (01256) 310200 - p i Fax (01256) 310201 w - www.aecom.com a b \ \ : Drawing Number Rev e m a N
e 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 km
l ± FIGURE 1
i 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m F THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT LEGEND Application Site 1km Study Area 5km Distance Band Scheduled Monument Archaeological Asset (! Prehistoric (! Neolithic (! Bronze Age <(! Bronze Age and Roman (! Iron Age (! Medieval (! Modern (! Unknown
A24 (! A11 (! A10 (! (!(! A23
d A18 x (! A9 m A14 .
s (! t e s A12 s (!
A A17 A16 l a c i A19 (! g o l ! Copyright o (! ( e ! a A21 ( A1 h Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data
c A13 r ! A2 A20 <(! A ( (! A22 © Crown copyright 2019. All rights reserved. -
A6 2 Licence number 0100031673. e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
S CULTURAL HERITAGE _ n o t r DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a
B Client _ k r a p o r i WTI EFW HOLDINGS LTD. v n E _ I T Project Title W _ 5 1 5 8 6
5 WHEELABRATOR HAREWOOD 0 6 \ s
m A15 WASTE TO ENERGY FACILITY e t A8 s y S n o i t Drawing Title a m r o f n I
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4 0 0 5
\ ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSETS s e c i v r e S t n
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A7
- A5 60568515 1:40,000 0 0
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. FOR ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR o FOLLOWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE c .
n PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. o s l i
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l ± FIGURE 2
i 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 km F THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT LEGEND Application Site 1km Study Historic Landscape 19th century plantations (general) 20th century (1914-) Large regular fields with straight boundaries Medium regular fields with straight boundaries Valley floor woodlands Water meadows d x m . r e t c a r a h C e p a c s d n a
L Copyright c i r
o t Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data s i H
© Crown copyright 2019. All rights reserved. -
3 Licence number 0100031673. e r u Data provided by: Hampshire Historic Environment g i F \ Record (HHER reference number 19/08/2019) e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
S CULTURAL HERITAGE _ n o t r DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a
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5 WHEELABRATOR HAREWOOD 0 6 \ s
m WASTE TO ENERGY FACILITY e t s y S n o i t Drawing Title a m r o f n I
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. FOR ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR o FOLLOWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE c .
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l ± FIGURE 3
i 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m F BH166 THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT LEGEND BH164 Application Site 1km Study Area 5km Distance Band Registered Park or Garden Conservation Area Listed Building Grade BH131 *# *# I *# *# II* BH59 *# II
BH20 BH30 *# *#
BH91 BH21 *#*# BH97
BH133 *# *# *# BH90 BH120 d x m . m k 5 n i h t i w s t BH123 e s s *# A e g a t i
r Copyright e BH93 H
t l Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data i BH22 *# BH122 u *#*# B
© Crown copyright 2019. All rights reserved. -
4 BH92 Licence number 0100031673. e r BH113 BH114 u g i BH43 F *#*## \ *#* BH46 e g *# a BH44 *# t i r
e BH45 H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y BH41 e BH42 c BH129 Purpose of Issue a t *# S BH36 *#*# CULTURAL HERITAGE _ BH94 *# * n BH112 o BH4 BH39 BH40 t *# BH72 r *# DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a *# BH71 B *# BH102 *#*# Client _ BH95 **# BH37
k BH56 r *# *# a BH38 p *# BH66 o r i WTI EFW HOLDINGS LTD. v *# n E
_ *# BH5 I BH96 BH57 T Project Title W *# _ 5
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c * i v r BH58 BH54 BH55 e S t #
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. FOR ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR o FOLLOWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE c .
n PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. o s l i
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l ± FIGURE 4
i 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 km F BH163 THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT # BH159
BH135 LEGEND *# BH160 # Application Site 1km Study Area ParkAndGardens_15km Conservation Area Buffer Distances 5 15 BH145 # Listed Building Grade *# I # II*
H166 BH157# B # BH138 # BH158 ## BH136 BH164 #
# BH137 d x m . m k 5 1 - 5 s t e BH168 s s A e g a t i
r Copyright e H
t l Reproduced from Ordnance Survey digital map data i u B
© Crown copyright 2019. All rights reserved. -
5 Licence number 0100031673. e r u g i F \ 0 e BH140 7 g 1 a t i H r BH150 #
e # ## B H *# \ BH151 BH139 s p a BH155 *## BH149 M _ 2 0 \ y BH153 e c Purpose of Issue a t *#
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# BH169 - ### # BH144 60568515 1:110,000 0 0
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l ± FIGURE 5
i 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 km F T HIS DRAWING IS T O BE U SED ONL Y FOR T HE PU RPOSE OF ISSU E T HAT IT WAS ISSU ED FOR AND IS SU BJECT T O AMENDMENT LEGEND Indicative Site Location d x m . 5 7 5 1 f o p a m Copyright s ’ n o
t x Ima ges obta ined under license from the a S
Ha mpshire Archives a nd L oca l Studies, -
6 Ha mpshire Record Office. W/K4/1/13 e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
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Copyright n o t
r a Images obtained under license from the B
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Hampshire Archives and Local Studies, 0 1 Hampshire Record Office. 21M65/F7/12/1 e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
S CULTURAL HERITAGE _ n o t r DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a
B Client _ k r a p o r i WTI EFW HOLDINGS LTD. v n E _ I T Project Title W _ 5 1 5 8 6
5 WHEELABRATOR HAREWOOD 0 6 \ s
m WASTE TO ENERGY FACILITY e t s y S n o i t Drawing Title a m r o f n I
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4 BARTON STACEY TITHE MAP 0 0 5 \ s OF 1840 e c i v r e S t n
e Drawn Checked Approved Date m e TD DH LB 18/09/2019 g a n AECOM Internal Project No. Scale @ A3 a M
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4 THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PURSUANT TO AND SUBJECT TO THE 4 \ TERMS OF AECOM'S APPOINTMENT BY ITS CLIENT. AECOM ACCEPTS NO LIABILITY k u
. FOR ANY USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OTHER THAN BY ITS ORIGINAL CLIENT OR o FOLLOWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT TO SUCH USE, AND ONLY FOR THE c .
n PURPOSES FOR WHICH IT WAS PREPARED AND PROVIDED. o s l i
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0 Telephone (01256) 310200 - p i Fax (01256) 310201 w - www.aecom.com a b \ \ : Drawing Number Rev e m a N
e 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m
l ± FIGURE 10 i F T HIS DRAWING IS T O BE U SED ONL Y FOR T HE PU RPOSE OF ISSU E T HAT IT WAS ISSU ED FOR AND IS SU BJECT T O AMENDMENT LEGEND Indica tive Site L oca tion d x m . 4 7 8 1 f o p a M y e v r u S e c n a n d r O h c n i 6 n o i t i
d Copyright E t s r i Ima ges obta ined under license from the F
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Ha mpshire Archives a nd L oca l Studies, 1 1 Ha mpshire Record Office e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
S CU L T U RAL HERIT AGE _ n o t r DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a
B Client _ k r a p o r i WT I EFW HOL DINGS L T D. v n E _ I T Project T itle W _ 5 1 5 8 6
5 WHEEL ABRAT OR HAREWOOD 0 6 \ s
m WAST E T O ENERGY FACIL IT Y e t s y S n o i t Dra wing T itle a m r o f n I
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- 60568515 1:10,000 0 0
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. FOR ANY U SE OF T HIS DOCU MENT OT HER T HAN BY IT S ORIGINAL CL IENT OR o FOL L OWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT T O SU CH U SE, AND ONL Y FOR T HE c .
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e 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m
l ± FIGURE 11 i F T HIS DRAWING IS T O BE U SED ONL Y FOR T HE PU RPOSE OF ISSU E T HAT IT WAS ISSU ED FOR AND IS SU BJECT T O AMENDMENT LEGEND Indica tive Site L oca tion d x m . 6 9 8 1 f o p a M y e v r u S e c n a n d r O h c n i 6 n o i t i d E
d Copyright n o c R eproduced with the permission of the e S
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2 1 e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
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B Client _ k r a p o r i WT I EFW HOL DINGS L T D. v n E _ I T Project T itle W _ 5 1 5 8 6
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4 T HIS DOCU MENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PU RSU ANT T O AND SU BJECT T O T HE 4 \ T ERMS OF AECOM'S APPOINT MENT BY IT S CL IENT . AECOM ACCEPT S NO L IABIL IT Y k u
. FOR ANY U SE OF T HIS DOCU MENT OT HER T HAN BY IT S ORIGINAL CL IENT OR o FOL L OWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT T O SU CH U SE, AND ONL Y FOR T HE c .
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l ± FIGURE 12 i F T HIS DRAWING IS T O BE U SED ONL Y FOR T HE PU RPOSE OF ISSU E T HAT IT WAS ISSU ED FOR AND IS SU BJECT T O AMENDMENT LEGEND Indica tive Site L oca tion d x m . 1 1 9 1 f o p a M y e v r u S e c n a n d r O h c n i 6 n o i t i d Copyright E d r i I ma ges obta ined under license from the h T
Ha mpshire Archives a nd L oca l Studies, –
3 Ha mpshire Record Office. 1 e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
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4 T HIS DOCU MENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PU RSU ANT T O AND SU BJECT T O T HE 4 \ T ERMS OF AECOM'S APPOINT MENT BY IT S CL IENT . AECOM ACCEPT S NO L IABIL IT Y k u
. FOR ANY U SE OF T HIS DOCU MENT OT HER T HAN BY IT S ORIGINAL CL IENT OR o FOL L OWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT T O SU CH U SE, AND ONL Y FOR T HE c .
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e 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m
l ± FIGURE 13 i F T HIS DRAWING IS T O BE U SED ONL Y FOR T HE PU RPOSE OF ISSU E T HAT IT WAS ISSU ED FOR AND IS SU BJECT T O AMENDMENT LEGEND Indica tive Site L oca tion d x m . 7 4 9 1 d e t a d h p a r g o t o h
p Copyright l a i r I ma ges obta ined under license from the e A Ha mpshire Archives a nd L oca l Studies, –
4 Ha mpshire Record Office. 134m87/1168 1 e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
S CU L T U RAL HERIT AGE _ n o t r DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a
B Client _ k r a p o r i WT I EFW HOL DINGS L T D. v n E _ I T Project T itle W _ 5 1 5 8 6
5 WHEEL ABRAT OR HAREWOOD 0 6 \ s
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4 AERIAL PHOT OGRAPH 0 0 5 \ s DAT ED 1947 e c i v r e S t n
e Dra wn Checked Approved Da te m e T D DH L B 18/09/2019 g a n AECOM Interna l Project No. Sca le @ A3 a M
- 60568515 1:6,000 0 0
4 T HIS DOCU MENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PU RSU ANT T O AND SU BJECT T O T HE 4 \ T ERMS OF AECOM'S APPOINT MENT BY IT S CL IENT . AECOM ACCEPT S NO L IABIL IT Y k u
. FOR ANY U SE OF T HIS DOCU MENT OT HER T HAN BY IT S ORIGINAL CL IENT OR o FOL L OWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT T O SU CH U SE, AND ONL Y FOR T HE c .
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e 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m
l ± FIGURE 14 i F T HIS DRAWING IS T O BE U SED ONL Y FOR T HE PU RPOSE OF ISSU E T HAT IT WAS ISSU ED FOR AND IS SU BJECT T O AMENDMENT LEGEND Indica tive Site L oca tion d x m . 2 7 9 1 d e t a d h p a r g o t o h
p Copyright l a i r I ma ges obta ined under license from the e A Ha mpshire Archives a nd L oca l Studies, –
5 Ha mpshire Record Office. 134m87/112/53 1 e r u g i F \ e g a t i r e H \ s p a M _ 2 0 \ y e c Purpose of Issue a t
S CU L T U RAL HERIT AGE _ n o t r DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT a
B Client _ k r a p o r i WT I EFW HOL DINGS L T D. v n E _ I T Project T itle W _ 5 1 5 8 6
5 WHEEL ABRAT OR HAREWOOD 0 6 \ s
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4 AERIAL PHOT OGRAPH 0 0 5 \ s DAT ED 1972 e c i v r e S t n
e Dra wn Checked Approved Da te m e T D DH L B 18/09/2019 g a n AECOM Interna l Project No. Sca le @ A3 a M
- 60568515 1:4,000 0 0
4 T HIS DOCU MENT HAS BEEN PREPARED PU RSU ANT T O AND SU BJECT T O T HE 4 \ T ERMS OF AECOM'S APPOINT MENT BY IT S CL IENT . AECOM ACCEPT S NO L IABIL IT Y k u
. FOR ANY U SE OF T HIS DOCU MENT OT HER T HAN BY IT S ORIGINAL CL IENT OR o FOL L OWING AECOM'S EXPRESS AGREEMENT T O SU CH U SE, AND ONL Y FOR T HE c .
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e 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m
l ± FIGURE 15 i F Harewood WtE Facility – Desk-Based Assessment Project number: 6056815
Appendix D Plates
Plate 1 North-west facing view of southern part of Site Plate 2 North facing view of the northern part of the Site Plate 3 North facing view from the Site Plate 4 East facing view from the Site Plate 5 South facing view from the Site Plate 6 West facing view from the Site
Prepared for: WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd AECOM 60
Harewood WtE Facility – Desk-Based Assessment Project number: 6056815
Prepared for: WTI/EfW Holdings Ltd AECOM 66