UNARMED and DANGEROUS the Lethal Applications of Non-Weaponized Drones
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Meeting the Challenge of Maritime Security
Meeting the Challenge Of MaritiMe Security A Publication Of Second1 Line Of Defense ForewOrd Meeting the Challenge Of MaritiMe SeCurity he interviews and essays in this booklet have appeared in earlier Section One: The Challenges versions on the web site Second Line of Defense (http://www.sldinfo. The Challenge of Risk Management 5 com/). SLDinfo.com focuses on the creation and sustainment of Protecting the Global Conveyer Belt 7 military and security capability and the crucial role of the support European Naval Force: A Promising “First” 9 community (logistics community, industrial players, civilian contractors, etc.) along with evolving public-private partnerships Section Two: Shaping an Effective Tool Set t among democracies and partners in crafting real military and security Building Maritime Security Tools for the Global Customer 12 capabilities. On SLDinfo.com, articles, videos and photo slideshows on military and Maritime Safety and Security: Going the Extra Mile 15 security issues are posted on a weekly basis. Building a 21st Century Port: The Core Role of Security 18 The Role of C4ISR in the U.S. Coast Guard 21 Some of the articles and interviews in Meeting the Challenge of Maritime Security are Shaping a 21st Century U.S. Coast Guard: The Key Role for Maritime Patrol Aircraft 23 excerpted from the longer pieces on SLDinfo.com, as indicated at the beginning of the Miami Air Station: USCG and Caribbean Maritime Security 25 article. The original pieces on the web site often include photos and graphics which are Building the Ocean Sentry ..62 6.52 27 not included in this publication. -
The Civilian Impact of Drone Strikes
THE CIVILIAN IMPACT OF DRONES: UNEXAMINED COSTS, UNANSWERED QUESTIONS Acknowledgements This report is the product of a collaboration between the Human Rights Clinic at Columbia Law School and the Center for Civilians in Conflict. At the Columbia Human Rights Clinic, research and authorship includes: Naureen Shah, Acting Director of the Human Rights Clinic and Associate Director of the Counterterrorism and Human Rights Project, Human Rights Institute at Columbia Law School, Rashmi Chopra, J.D. ‘13, Janine Morna, J.D. ‘12, Chantal Grut, L.L.M. ‘12, Emily Howie, L.L.M. ‘12, Daniel Mule, J.D. ‘13, Zoe Hutchinson, L.L.M. ‘12, Max Abbott, J.D. ‘12. Sarah Holewinski, Executive Director of Center for Civilians in Conflict, led staff from the Center in conceptualization of the report, and additional research and writing, including with Golzar Kheiltash, Erin Osterhaus and Lara Berlin. The report was designed by Marla Keenan of Center for Civilians in Conflict. Liz Lucas of Center for Civilians in Conflict led media outreach with Greta Moseson, pro- gram coordinator at the Human Rights Institute at Columbia Law School. The Columbia Human Rights Clinic and the Columbia Human Rights Institute are grateful to the Open Society Foundations and Bullitt Foundation for their financial support of the Institute’s Counterterrorism and Human Rights Project, and to Columbia Law School for its ongoing support. Copyright © 2012 Center for Civilians in Conflict (formerly CIVIC) and Human Rights Clinic at Columbia Law School All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America. Copies of this report are available for download at: www.civiliansinconflict.org Cover: Shakeel Khan lost his home and members of his family to a drone missile in 2010. -
Living Under Drones Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan
Fall 08 September 2012 Living Under Drones Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians From US Drone Practices in Pakistan International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic Stanford Law School Global Justice Clinic http://livingunderdrones.org/ NYU School of Law Cover Photo: Roof of the home of Faheem Qureshi, a then 14-year old victim of a January 23, 2009 drone strike (the first during President Obama’s administration), in Zeraki, North Waziristan, Pakistan. Photo supplied by Faheem Qureshi to our research team. Suggested Citation: INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION CLINIC (STANFORD LAW SCHOOL) AND GLOBAL JUSTICE CLINIC (NYU SCHOOL OF LAW), LIVING UNDER DRONES: DEATH, INJURY, AND TRAUMA TO CIVILIANS FROM US DRONE PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN (September, 2012) TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I ABOUT THE AUTHORS III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS V INTRODUCTION 1 METHODOLOGY 2 CHALLENGES 4 CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 7 DRONES: AN OVERVIEW 8 DRONES AND TARGETED KILLING AS A RESPONSE TO 9/11 10 PRESIDENT OBAMA’S ESCALATION OF THE DRONE PROGRAM 12 “PERSONALITY STRIKES” AND SO-CALLED “SIGNATURE STRIKES” 12 WHO MAKES THE CALL? 13 PAKISTAN’S DIVIDED ROLE 15 CONFLICT, ARMED NON-STATE GROUPS, AND MILITARY FORCES IN NORTHWEST PAKISTAN 17 UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET: FATA IN CONTEXT 20 PASHTUN CULTURE AND SOCIAL NORMS 22 GOVERNANCE 23 ECONOMY AND HOUSEHOLDS 25 ACCESSING FATA 26 CHAPTER 2: NUMBERS 29 TERMINOLOGY 30 UNDERREPORTING OF CIVILIAN CASUALTIES BY US GOVERNMENT SOURCES 32 CONFLICTING MEDIA REPORTS 35 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS -
The Impact of the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict in 2020 on the Perception of Combat Drones Serbian Journal of Engineering Management Vol
Ilić, D. et al. The impact of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in 2020 on the perception of combat drones Serbian Journal of Engineering Management Vol. 6, No. 1, 2021 Original Scientific Paper/Originalni naučni rad UDC/UDK: 623.746.2-519:005.52 Paper Accepted/Rad prihvaćen: 29. 1. 2021. 355.469.1(479.243)"2020" doi: 10.5937/SJEM2101009I Uticaj sukoba u Nagorno-Karabahu 2020. na percepciju borbenih dronova 1* 1 Damir Ilić , Vladimir Tomašević 1*“University “Union – Nikola Tesla”, School of Engineering Management, Belgrade, Serbia, [email protected] 1Univerzitet „Union-Nikola Tesla“, Fakultet za inženjerski menadžment, Bulevar vojvode Mišića 43, [email protected] Apstrakt: Upotreba borbenih dronova je aktuelna više od jednog veka. Tek poslednjih godina smo svedoci kako se evolutivni proces sa napretkom tehnologije pretvorio u pravu revoluciju. Sukob u Nagorno-Karabahu 2020, predstavljao je jednu od prekretnica u pogledu primene ove distruptivne tehnologije u borbene svrhe. Kao nikada do sada masovna upotreba borbenih dronova nije presudno uticala na ishod jednog konflikta. Zbog značaja koji pomenuti sukob predstavlja izvršena je SWOT analiza mogućnosti primene borbenih dronova u lokalnim konfliktima. Izvedeni zaključci mogu pomoći kako u razumevanju ishoda sukoba tako i u definisanju pravca kojim će se kretati dalja primena ovih borbenih sistema u budućnosti. Keywords: UCAV, Nagorno-Karabakh, konflikt, SWOT The impact of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in 2020 on the perception of combat drones Abstract: The use of combat drones has been existing for more than a century. Only in recent years have we witnessed how the evolutionary process with the advancement of technology has turned into a real revolution. -
An Analysis of the Extent of Presidential Power in Regard to Drone Strikes Kaitlyn Dugas
Eastern Michigan University DigitalCommons@EMU Senior Honors Theses Honors College 2014 An Analysis of the Extent of Presidential Power in Regard to Drone Strikes Kaitlyn Dugas Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.emich.edu/honors Part of the American Politics Commons Recommended Citation Dugas, Kaitlyn, "An Analysis of the Extent of Presidential Power in Regard to Drone Strikes" (2014). Senior Honors Theses. 392. http://commons.emich.edu/honors/392 This Open Access Senior Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at DigitalCommons@EMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@EMU. For more information, please contact lib- [email protected]. An Analysis of the Extent of Presidential Power in Regard to Drone Strikes Abstract Considerable controversy exists regarding the use of drones by the United States of America in the targeted killings of individuals overseas, including American citizens. The onc stitutionality of such strikes comes into question as well as whether the President even possesses adequate power, whether unitary or granted, to order the strikes against not only American citizens, who are obviously protected by the Constitution, but also foreigners to whom the Constitution may or may not apply. This study will take a look at presidential power from the perspective of each of the three branches of government within the United States and from the viewpoint of International Law in order to understand how much power the President actually has to order targeted killings. This analysis is followed by a case study. -
RAF Centenary 100 Famous Aircraft Vol 3: Fighters and Bombers of the Cold War
RAF Centenary 100 Famous Aircraft Vol 3: Fighters and Bombers of the Cold War INCLUDING Lightning Canberra Harrier Vulcan www.keypublishing.com RARE IMAGES AND PERIOD CUTAWAYS ISSUE 38 £7.95 AA38_p1.indd 1 29/05/2018 18:15 Your favourite magazine is also available digitally. DOWNLOAD THE APP NOW FOR FREE. FREE APP In app issue £6.99 2 Months £5.99 Annual £29.99 SEARCH: Aviation Archive Read on your iPhone & iPad Android PC & Mac Blackberry kindle fi re Windows 10 SEARCH SEARCH ALSO FLYPAST AEROPLANE FREE APP AVAILABLE FOR FREE APP IN APP ISSUES £3.99 IN APP ISSUES £3.99 DOWNLOAD How it Works. Simply download the Aviation Archive app. Once you have the app, you will be able to download new or back issues for less than newsstand price! Don’t forget to register for your Pocketmags account. This will protect your purchase in the event of a damaged or lost device. It will also allow you to view your purchases on multiple platforms. PC, Mac & iTunes Windows 10 Available on PC, Mac, Blackberry, Windows 10 and kindle fire from Requirements for app: registered iTunes account on Apple iPhone,iPad or iPod Touch. Internet connection required for initial download. Published by Key Publishing Ltd. The entire contents of these titles are © copyright 2018. All rights reserved. App prices subject to change. 321/18 INTRODUCTION 3 RAF Centenary 100 Famous Aircraft Vol 3: Fighters and Bombers of the Cold War cramble! Scramble! The aircraft may change, but the ethos keeping world peace. The threat from the East never entirely dissipated remains the same. -
Pioneers to Partners, British Aircraft Since 1945
Pioneers to Partners British Aircraft since 1945 Christopher Foyle & Leo Marriott Foreword by Marshal of the Royal Air Force, HRH The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, KG, KT spsfojd |EuoiiEUJ9iu| JO(EW snojauunu in jguiJEd |Eiiu9ss9 PUE lUEiJodum UE s\ Xjisnpm UOjlEjAE IjSjljjg 31)1 9J9l|M UOjlEnijS UJ9pOLJU 91)1 01 iinds puE s9|i!)Euosj9d §uu99iioid uo iijnq Xjisnpui UE LJUOJJ 9§UEip ss9|iu9|9J inq 9|iqns 91)1 SUElp >|00q 91)1 '9)111 9lfl. Uj p91E|nsdEDU9 sy 'sdjijSJiB U9A9 puE sj9p||2 'si|mq-9uuoq p S||E19p j9Uq §U|A!§ S9D|pU9ddE l)l|M S|Enp!Alpll! plIE S9!UEdlUOD J9||EUUS 91)1 3-1 H U9HO§JOj 1O[\J uojinquiuoD JofEiu E 9pEUJ SEIJ /Jisnpin qsjiug 9J9qM s9iuuuEj2ojd |Euo!iEUJ9iui jo spnpojd 9SOLJ1 SE ||9M SE pOU3d IBljl UlljljM l^EJDJjE l|mq l)SI!Ug /J9A9JO 'J9pJO )ED!§0|OUOJl)D Uj 'S|jB13p SujpjAOjd Xq A'JOIS ai)i SujiEJisn)!! '/Ep iu9S9jd 91)1 01 c^6|, iiiojj AJisnpu! ^EJDJJE ijsiiug 91)1 Uj 9§UEl)D 91)1 SlJEljD SJ9UJJDJ OJ SJ33L/0/J 'lU9JEddE X||pE9J S/EM|E 10 u sj Xijiuspi qsjiug 3i|i q§noqi|E p9iu9S9jd9j ||9M 9J9M S1SJ1U9DS pUE SJ99U|§U9 'SgjUEduUOD l)SjlUg tpjljM Ul EI1JOSUOD IEUOJ1EUJ91UI Ol p9| S9UUlUEJ§Ojd lU9LJUdO|9A9p l^EJDJIE JOfEUU JO 1SOD pUE 9|EDS J991JS 91)1 X||EniU9Ag S9iEJ9uuo|§uoD lEUisnpuj J9§JE| oiui pgqjosqE X||EnpEJ§ 9J9M pUE||!AE|-) 9p pUE (OlSjjg 'OJA\/ SE ipns S9UUEU snouiiEj PUE Xjisnpui IJEJDJJE 3i)i UjqijM SUOHESJIEJUOIIEJ JOfElU Ol p9| XiqEUEAUj S9pED9p JEMlSOd 31)1 JO Xll|E9J 3l)_|_ 'SS9DDnS LjljM p9UMOJD SXEM|E 1OU 9J9M SIJOJ-P 9S91J1 E qi|M s|i)i uo p|inq 01 iqSnos PUE uo|S|ndojd 13 [ Uj J9pE9| p|JOM 91)1 -
Rethinking the Drone War
RETHINKING THE DRONE WAR RETHINKING THE DRONE WAR NATIONAL SECURITY, LEGITIMACY, AND CIVILIAN CASUALTIES IN U.S. COUNTERTERRORISM OPERATIONS LARRY LEWIS DIANE M. VAVRICHEK A joint publication of CNA and Marine Corps University Press MCUP MARINE CORPS UNIVERSITY PRESS Quantico, Virginia 2016 This book represents the best opinion of the authors at the time of printing. The views and opinions are the authors’ own, and do not necessarily represent those of CNA, the Department of the Navy, the U.S. Marine Corps, Marine Corps University, or the U.S. government. MCUP MARINE CORPS UNIVERSITY PRESS Marine Corps University Press CNA Corporation 111 South Street Arlington, VA 22201 www.usmcu.edu/mcupress www.cna.org 1st printing, 2016 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Lewis, Larry L. (Lawrence L.), author. | Vavrichek, Diane, author. Title: Rethinking the drone war : national security, legitimacy, and civilian casualties in U.S. counterterrorism operations / Larry Lewis, Diane Vavrichek. Other titles: National security, legitimacy, and civilian casualties in U.S. counterterrorism operations Description: Quantico, VA : CNA and Marine Corps University Press, [2016] | Includes index. Subjects: LCSH: Drone aircraft--United States--History. | Drone aircraft--Government policy--United States. | Drone aircraft--Moral and ethical aspects--United States. | Uninhabited combat aerial vehicles--Government policy--United States. | Terrorism--Prevention--Government policy--United States. | Targeted killing--Government policy--United -
The Humanitarian Impact of Drones
THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES The Humanitarian Impact of Drones 1 THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES © 2017 Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom; International Contents Disarmament Institute, Pace University; Article 36. October 2017 The Humanitarian Impact of Drones 1st edition 160 pp 3 Preface Permission is granted for non-commercial reproduction, Cristof Heyns copying, distribution, and transmission of this publication or parts thereof so long as full credit is given to the 6 Introduction organisation and author; the text is not altered, Ray Acheson, Matthew Bolton, transformed, or built upon; and for any reuse or distribution, these terms are made clear to others. and Elizabeth Minor Edited by Ray Acheson, Matthew Bolton, Elizabeth Minor, and Allison Pytlak. Impacts Thank you to all authors for their contributions. 1. Humanitarian Harm This publication is supported in part by a grant from the 15 Foundation Open Society Institute in cooperation with the Jessica Purkiss and Jack Serle Human Rights Initiative of the Open Society Foundations. Cover photography: 24 Country case study: Yemen ©2017 Kristie L. Kulp Taha Yaseen 29 2. Environmental Harm Doug Weir and Elizabeth Minor 35 Country case study: Nigeria Joy Onyesoh 36 3. Psychological Harm Radidja Nemar 48 4. Harm to Global Peace and Security Chris Cole 58 Country case study: Djibouti Ray Acheson 64 Country case study: The Philippines Mitzi Austero and Alfredo Ferrariz Lubang 2 1 THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES Preface Christof Heyns 68 5. Harm to Governmental It is not difficult to understand the appeal of Transparency Christof Heyns is Professor of Law at the armed drones to those engaged in war and other University of Pretoria. -
The Viability of Drones As Maritime Patrol Aircraft
THE AURORA REPLACEMENT: THE VIABILITY OF DRONES AS MARITIME PATROL AIRCRAFT Maj R.D. Freeman JCSP 44 PCEMI 44 Exercise Solo Flight Exercice Solo Flight Disclaimer Avertissement Opinions expressed remain those of the author and Les opinons exprimées n’engagent que leurs auteurs do not represent Department of National Defence or et ne reflètent aucunement des politiques du Canadian Forces policy. This paper may not be used Ministère de la Défense nationale ou des Forces without written permission. canadiennes. Ce papier ne peut être reproduit sans autorisation écrite. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as © Sa Majesté la Reine du Chef du Canada, représentée par represented by the Minister of National Defence, 2018. le ministre de la Défense nationale, 2018. CANADIAN FORCES COLLEGE – COLLÈGE DES FORCES CANADIENNES JCSP 44 – PCEMI 44 2017 – 2018 EXERCISE SOLO FLIGHT – EXERCICE SOLO FLIGHT THE AURORA REPLACEMENT: THE VIABILITY OF DRONES AS MARITIME PATROL AIRCRAFT Maj R.D. Freeman “This paper was written by a student “La présente étude a été rédigée par un attending the Canadian Forces College stagiaire du Collège des Forces in fulfilment of one of the requirements canadiennes pour satisfaire à l'une des of the Course of Studies. The paper is a exigences du cours. L'étude est un scholastic document, and thus contains document qui se rapporte au cours et facts and opinions, which the author contient donc des faits et des opinions alone considered appropriate and que seul l'auteur considère appropriés et correct for the subject. It does not convenables au sujet. Elle ne reflète pas necessarily reflect the policy or the nécessairement la politique ou l'opinion opinion of any agency, including the d'un organisme quelconque, y compris le Government of Canada and the gouvernement du Canada et le ministère Canadian Department of National de la Défense nationale du Canada. -
Use of Unmanned Air, Maritime and Land Platforms by the Australian
Chapter 2 Background Introduction 2.1 This chapter will provide a background to the inquiry including the increasing use of military unmanned platforms, use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) by the United States (US), the proliferation of UAV capability and ADF use of unmanned platforms. Terminology 2.2 While popularly referred to as 'drones', unmanned platforms are an area of defence technology rich in acronyms and abbreviations. The range of terminology has been increased by a differing focus on the unmanned vehicle/unit itself and the associated systems of communication and control. In particular, the numbers and categories of UAV (also referred to as remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) or unmanned aircraft systems (UAS)) have soared in recent years. For convenience, the term 'unmanned platform' has been used in the committee's report to refer to all complex remotely operated devices and their associated communication and control systems. Unmanned platforms 2.3 Unmanned platforms often have a number of common characteristics. These include the structure of the platform itself, the external control system (such as a ground control station), the communications system which links to the control system, and the payload (which could include sensors or munitions). Automated functions are also often incorporated such as waypoint navigation via GPS. 1 Figure 2.1. Visualisation of UAV communications. 1 Extracted from Alberto Cuadra and Criag Whitlock, 'How drones are controlled', The Washington Post, 20 June 2014. 6 2.4 There are differing views on the first uses of unmanned platforms in a military context.2 Notably, in the 1950s, the Australian Government Aircraft Factory produced advanced 'target drones' (the GAF Jindivik) as part of an agreement with the United Kingdom (UK) for guided missile testing. -
How the United States Use of Double-Tap Drone Strikes Violates IHL Principles of Distinction and Proportionality
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall Law School Student Scholarship Seton Hall Law 2021 Transparency into Darkness: How the United States Use of Double-Tap Drone Strikes Violates IHL Principles of Distinction and Proportionality John Bonino Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Bonino, John, "Transparency into Darkness: How the United States Use of Double-Tap Drone Strikes Violates IHL Principles of Distinction and Proportionality" (2021). Law School Student Scholarship. 1125. https://scholarship.shu.edu/student_scholarship/1125 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 I. PRELIMINARY STATEMENT ............................................................................................. 2 II. PRINCIPLE OF DISTINCTION............................................................................................. 4 A. Distinguishing Combatants and Non-combatants ................................................................ 6 i. Medical Personnel ............................................................................................................ 7 ii. Protecting Civilians .......................................................................................................... 9 B. Overcoming the Mens Rea Requirement ........................................................................... 11 III. MILITARY NECESSITY AND THE IHL ......................................................................