DOCSLIB.ORG

Urgent Decentralization Problems in the Czech

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Urgent Decentralization Problems in the Czech ISSN 1648-2603 (print) VIEŠOJI POLITIKA IR ADMINISTRAVIMAS ISSN 2029-2872 (online) PUBLIC POLICY AND ADMINISTRATION 2020, T. 19, Nr. 2 / 2020, Vol. 19, No 2, p. 253–265. URGENT DECENTRALIZATION PROBLEMS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AT A REGIONAL LEVEL: POLITICAL, ADMINISTRATIVE AND SOCIOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS1 Yevheniy Haydanka Department of Political Science Trnava University in Trnava 23 Hornopotočná Street, 918 43, Trnava, Slovakia DOI: 10.13165/VPA-20-19-2-08 Abstract. This article proposes a comparative analysis of the modern Czech decentral- ization model and its institutional peculiarities. The author explores, in a comparative con- text, administrative-territorial features of local municipalities, consistent patterns of local budgeting, and the fragmentation of the political and party systems in the Czech Republic. The article provides expert findings with regard to contemporary problems with decentral- ization. On the basis of a wealth of empirical evidence (verified statistics and the findings of an expert sociological survey), the author draws conclusions on the efficiency of the con- temporary Czech decentralization model. The article discusses the idea that, through the lens of political issues, numerous confrontations arise in Regional Assemblies between the two key-players (AN0-2011 and ČSSD). The author outlines the substantial dependence of local budgets on state subventions that comprise up to 35–43% of the total budget. The sociological survey conducted in May 2017 suggests that the majority of decentralization problems occur due to uneven economic growth in regions, as well as insufficient political influence upon decentralization processes, as the efficiency of the present decentralization model does not rise above 60%. The results of the study’s findings on the problems with and prospects of decentralization, as well as positive or negative experiences with decentraliza- tion in the Czech Republic, may be applicable for similar institutionalization problems in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Keywords: Czech decentralization model; political fragmentation of Regional Assemblies; local budgets allocation, administrative and political decentralization levels. 1 Acknowledgements: We would like to express our gratitude to all the respondents for having participated in the survey, and to the International Visegrad Fund for providing the opportunity to carry out our research project. Y. Haydanka. Urgent Decentralization Problems In The Czech Republic At A Regional Level: 254 Political, Administrative And Sociological Dimensions Raktiniai žodžiai: Čekijos decentralizacijos modelis; politinė regioninių asamblėjų fragmentacija; vietos biudžetų paskirstymas, administracinis ir politinis decentralizacijos lygiai. Introduction The present study is aimed at outlining the key problematic issues in decentralization processes in the Czech Republic, particularly at the highest level of local self-government, i.e. the level of regions. The research hypothesis is based on proving the fact that the Czech Republic has been one of the leaders in the development of territorial democracy in its re- spective region. Exploring its positive experience of decentralization, especially the political and administrative aspects, would be a useful experience to borrow from for post-socialist countries, particularly in the light of extending the autonomy of territorial communities. The problems of structure and performance in the decentralization model developed have remained among the central research directions in both Czech and international academic scope. General issues of power decentralization in the Czech Republic at the level of regions have been investigated by Kopečký (2010), Illner (2011), and Hemming (2006). Specific theoretical and practical issues of decentralization optimization in the Czech Republic have been discussed by Cibáková and Malý (2009), and Ochrava and Půček (2011). Kruntorádová and Jůptner (2012) suggested an in-depth analysis of the tools for financial independence employed by municipalities, against the background of regional political conjuncture. One should not overlook Eurointegration amongst the crucial factors, having con- tributed to the intensification of decentralisation processes in the Czech Republic. Undoubtedly, rapprochement of the Czech Republic with EU public administration required improvements in the scope of local fiscal policy. R. Jahoda, J. Pekova, and J. Selesovky (2003) argue that it is of primary importance to extend the administrative competences of territorial communities in the scope of their own revenue allocation. On the other hand, the extended fiscal autonomy of territorial communities will not be able to institutionally fill local budgets due to the lack of effective political and public control. Moreover, the Czech Republic’s accession to the European Union failed to result in an immediate positive dynamic in terms of regional decentralization. According to M. Baun and D. Marek (2006), a centralized approach to the allocation of European financial funds has remained a problematic one. It should be noted, however, that institutional decentralization lies, above all, in the system of delegation of managerial competences from the centre to the regions. In this light, the mechanism of filling local budgets is important along with the degree of de- pendence of regions on public transfers (Hamerniková 2000). Even given the effective implementation of both administrative decentralization and decentralization reforms owing to the broad fiscal autonomy of the regions, a considerable amount of local tax autonomy remains relevant. As a result, this leads to an uneven allocation of revenues and expenditures in the fiscal policy of the region (Jílek 2009). Viešoji politika ir administravimas. 2020, T. 19, Nr. 2, p. 253–265 255 An effective system of governance at the local level remains one of the most problem- atic segments the post-socialist country faces in the course of democratic transformation. A country can achieve a consolidated democratic regime in the scope of politics and public administration reforms, yet local governance reforms require greater efficiency. In fact, decentralization of governance (including increased financial autonomy in the regions) has continuously been a ‘catch-up reform’ that requires the streamlining of pro- cesses in three areas: political (consolidation of party and political environment in the regions), administrative (implementing effective administrative-territorial reform), and fiscal (expanding fiscal autonomy in regions and reducing the weight of state transfers in local budgets). Methodology & data We conducted the respective data analysis at two methodological levels: 1. The chronological level – at this stage we monitored decentralization processes in their dynamics (in the course of transformation) 2. The comparative level – at this point we employed comparative analysis of the struc- tural components of the decentralization process in order to point out the general di- rection of the decentralization system. This method of analysis requires contemplation of certain components of decentral- ization in the Czech Republic at two levels: 1. The political level, involving a comparative analysis of the local political and party envi- ronment on the example of the latest Regional Assemblies elections (legislation on local elections, the results of 2014–2016 electoral processes at a regional level). 2. The administrative level, involving (a) territorial division (legislation on local commu- nities, the structure and entities of administrative-territorial division, and the adminis- trative status of Prague, kraj – region), and (b) local self-government (territorial com- munities, the level of financial independence of the communities, and the peculiarities of regional budgets’ formation and allocation). Our study is reinforced by the following sources of information: a) data on the num- ber of administrative districts and municipalities in December 2015 (Czech Statistical Office, n.d.), b) microeconomic indicators on local budgeting in particular regions dur- ing 2013–2015 (Czech Statistical Office, n.d.), c) electoral data about specific political parties’ representation at the latest 2014–2016 Elections to Regional Assemblies, (Czech Statistical Office, n.d.), and d) the findings of a 2017 sociological survey (own research)2. 2 We conducted a qualitative survey, the methodology of which involved sending questionnaires to experts involved in administrative processes at a regional level. The survey time framework was 8–22 May 2017. The respondents were selected according to their affiliation to local administration bodies. We received 9 completed questionnaires in total, representing mostly Eastern, Central, and Western parts of the Czech Republic: a) Karlovy Vary Region (1), b) Vysočina Region (4), c) Olomouc Region (1), d) Moravian-Silesian Region (1), e) Zlín Region (1) and (f) Prague (1). According to the professional indicator these proved to be: a) regional Government members (6), b) public servants in the departments of: education (1), legal sector (1), and architecture (engineering) (1). Y. Haydanka. Urgent Decentralization Problems In The Czech Republic At A Regional Level: 256 Political, Administrative And Sociological Dimensions The political dimension of decentralization – the division of political and party space at a Regional level Elections to local councils in the Czech Republic are held every 4 years in particular election
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pardubice Region
    The Czech Republic Is Experiencing a Period of Robust Boom Fall in Unemployment Rate Stricter Measures to Protect the Consumer The Czech Republic – King Among Spa Venues Pardubice Region 09–10 2006 CONTENTS Ministry of Industry and Trade I CZECH BUSINESS INTRODUCTION Question of the Month for Martin Tlapa, Deputy Minister of Industry AND TRADE and Trade.........................................................................................................4 Economic Bi-monthly Magazine with a Supplement is Designed for Foreign I ECONOMIC POLICY Partners, Interested in Cooperation with The Czech Republic Is Experiencing a Period of Robust Boom ..........................5 the Czech Republic Trade of the Central European "Foursome" Is Picking Up ................................7 Fall in Unemployment Rate ..............................................................................9 For the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic Issued by: I INVESTMENT Investment for More Than 2.3 Billion Euros....................................................11 PP AGENCY s.r.o. Myslíkova 25, 110 00 Praha 1, Czech Republic I PP Agency BUSINESS AND PRODUCTION Company with the ISO 9001 certified quality Stricter Measures to Protect the Consumer ....................................................12 management system for publishing services New Ways Of "Changes" Are Popular Among Businessmen..........................15 EDITORIAL BOARD: Martin Tlapa (Chairman), Ivan Angelis, I EXPORT Zdena Balcerová, Jiří Eibel, Zbyněk Frolík, Examples of Successful
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of the Health and Social Care Sector in the Regions of the Czech Republic in Comparison with Other EU Countries
    social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article The Development of the Health and Social Care Sector in the Regions of the Czech Republic in Comparison with other EU Countries Erika Urbánková Department of Economic Theories, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague 16500, Czech Republic; [email protected] Received: 6 April 2019; Accepted: 29 May 2019; Published: 3 June 2019 Abstract: In this paper, the quantitative status of employees in the Health and Social Care sector in the Czech Republic is assessed, and the future development of the sector is predicted both for the Czech Republic as a whole, and for individual regions according to the NUTS3 classification. At present, labor market prognoses are created using the ROA-CERGE model, which includes the main professions in the Health and Social Care sector. This article expands the predictions by adding the regional level and using extrapolation of time series, and it identifies the regions important for the given sector and the labor force. The position of the Czech Republic with regard to selected professions in comparison with other countries of the European Union, i.e., its qualitative status, is also assessed in the paper. The following professions are assessed: general nurses and midwives (both with and without a specialization), physicians, and professional assistants. Healthcare workers do not manifest geographical mobility between regions and work primarily in the region where they live. Since the Czech Republic’s accession to the EU, staff working in key professions have been able to work under comparable conditions in any of the member states. The workforce flow depends, among other things, on its qualitative representation in the given country.
    [Show full text]
  • Horseriding in East Bohemia Tourist Information Centres (TIC) in the Pardubice REGION Tel
    Horseriding in East Bohemia TOURIsT INFORMaTION CENTREs (TIC) IN THE PaRDUBICE REGION Tel. code (pre-dial) of the Czech Republic: +420 Tourist area IC Maštale TIC Luže TKI Jablonné nad Orlicí IC Lichkov Bohemian-Moravian Border Proseč 125, 539 44 Proseč Komenského ul. 286, 538 54 Luže nám. 5. května 30 Lichkov 203, 561 68 Lichkov tel.: 469 319 413 tel.: 469 671 223 561 64 Jablonné nad Orlicí tel./fax: 465 635 531 Municipal Library e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] tel.: 465 641 371, fax: 465 641 508 e-mail: [email protected] and Information Centre www.mastale.cz www.luze.cz e-mail: [email protected] www.lichkov.cz Moravské náměstí 65 www.jablonneno.cz 569 02 Březová nad Svitavou Services to Citizens and Tourists IC Nasavrky IC- Town Museum Králíky tel: 461 521 331 Poříčí u Litomyšle Náměstí 1, 538 25 Nasavrky IC Lanškroun Velké nám. 365, 561 69 Králíky e-mail: [email protected] Poříčí u Litomyšle 13, 570 01 Litomyšl tel.: 469 677 566 nám. J. M. Marků 12 tel.: 465 631 117, fax: 465 631 321 www.brezova.cz tel.: 461 616 991, 731 183 315 e-mail: [email protected] 563 01 Lanškroun e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] www.nasavrky.cz tel.: 465 320 007 www.muzeumkraliky.cz TIC Bystré www.ic-porici.infobec.cz e-mail: [email protected] nám. Na Podkově 2, 569 92 Bystré TIC Seč www.mesto-lanskroun.cz TIC Sněžník Dolní Morava tel./fax: 461 742 333 IC Svitavy Chrudimská 94, 538 07 Seč Dolní Morava 35, 561 69 Králíky e-mail: [email protected] náměstí Míru 48, 568 02 Svitavy tel.: 469 676 900 IC Letohrad tel./fax: 464 620 730, 602 378 150 www.bystre.cz tel.: 461 534 300, fax.: 461 532 057 e-mail: [email protected] Václavské nám.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Czech Metropolitan Regions: How to Improve Targeting RECEIVED: NOVEMBER 2015 of Innovation Policy REVISED: FEBRUARY 2016
    REVIEW PAPER Identification of Czech Metropolitan Regions: How to improve targeting RECEIVED: NOVEMBER 2015 of innovation policy REVISED: FEBRUARY 2016 ACCEPTED: FEBRUARY 2016 Viktorie Klímová Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Czech Republic [email protected] DOI: 10.1515/ngoe-2016-0005 UDK: 711.451:001.895(437.3) Vladimír Žítek Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Czech Republic JEL: R11, O31 [email protected] Citation: Klímová, V., & Žítek, V. (2016). Identification of Czech Metropolitan Abstract Regions: How to improve targeting of innovation policy. Naše gospodarstvo/ Concepts of national and regional innovation systems can serve as an analytical Our Economy, 62(1), 46–55. DOI: framework forming the empirical base for innovation policy creation. It is 10.1515/ngoe-2016-0005 possible to distinguish various types of these systems. One of these typologies is based on the assessment of innovation deficiencies. There are three types of regions: metropolitan, peripheral, and old industrial. Metropolitan regions can be characterized by a high level of research, innovation, and patent activity. The aims of this paper are to find relevant indicators that can be used as the basis for defining metropolitan regional innovation systems and using them for the identification of Czech metropolitan regions. The results of the point method combined with the cluster analysis showed that the capital city, Prague, as well as the South Moravian, Pardubice, Central Bohemian, Pilsen, and Liberec Regions can be defined as metropolitan regions. Key words: regional innovation system, knowledge, innovation, region, Czech Republic, metropolitan region 1 Introduction Innovation is an essential prerequisite for economic prosperity and wealth creation, because it has a significant influence on socio-economic development and its long-term sustainability.
    [Show full text]
  • Rationale for Government Resolution No. 315 of 26 March 2021
    Rationale for Government Resolution No. 315 of 26 March 2021 The current epidemiological situation is still unfavorable and the risk of the further spread of COVID-19 in the population is still very high despite the continuous decline in cases. Yesterday’s value of 7,853 (25 March 2021) is almost 3,000 fewer cases than last week (10,651; 18 March 2021), and the trend of the last two weeks, in which we have seen relatively lower daily values in week-on-week comparisons, continues. Given the still very high values, it is crucial for the epidemic to be slowed down and for the current decline to continue. Another important indicator of the overall population burden is the number of cases in the 65+ age category where, despite the continued decline, we are still seeing high figures; the share of the total is stable, around 15 to 16%. From an overall perspective, the current situation is still deemed a very high risk and “fragile”, because despite the continued decline we are still seeing very high daily figures of COVID-19 cases, especially as concerns the number of cases in the senior category (65+), albeit with a declining tendency. The value of the 7-day average had dropped below 8,000 cases, and is currently at 7,636 (the lowest value since 14 February 2021). It applies also for this indicator that despite the gradual decline, from a long-term perspective we are still at very high values. Regionally, the highest figures yesterday in descending order were reported in Central Bohemia (1,108), South Moravia (917), Ústí (848), Prague (796), Moravia-Silesia (755), South Bohemia (729), Pardubice (492), Vysočina (457), Zlín (371), Plzeň (369), Liberec (365), Olomouc (358), Hradec Králové (232), and once again the least in the Karlovy Vary region with 31 cases.
    [Show full text]
  • Univerzita Pardubice Fakulta Ekonomicko-Správní Ústav Veřejné
    Univerzita Pardubice Fakulta ekonomicko-správní Ústav ve řejné správy a práva Pardubický kraj – regionální cestovní ruch – možnosti a bariéry Nikola T ěšíková Bakalá řská práce 2013 PROHLÁŠENÍ Prohlašuji, že jsem tuto práci vypracovala samostatn ě. Veškeré literární prameny a informace, které jsem v práci využila, jsou uvedeny v seznamu použité literatury. Byla jsem seznámena s tím, že se na moji práci vztahují práva a povinnosti vyplývající ze zákona č. 121/2000 Sb., autorský zákon, zejména se skute čností, že Univerzita Pardubice má právo na uzav ření licen ční smlouvy o užití této práce jako školního díla podle § 60 odst. 1 autorského zákona, a s tím, že pokud dojde k užití této práce mnou nebo bude poskytnuta licence o užití jinému subjektu, je Univerzita Pardubice oprávn ěna ode mne požadovat přim ěř ený p řísp ěvek na úhradu náklad ů, které na vytvo ření díla vynaložila, a to podle okolností až do jejich skute čné výše. Souhlasím s prezen čním zp řístupn ěním své práce v Univerzitní knihovn ě. V Pardubicích dne 30. 4. 2013 Nikola T ěšíková POD ĚKOVÁNÍ : Ráda bych touto cestou vyjád řila pod ěkování vedoucí mé bakalá řské práce RNDr. Šárce Brychtové, Ph.D za cenné rady, informace a podn ětné p řipomínky p ři vedení mé práce. Také chci pod ěkovat své rodin ě za velkou trp ělivost a podporu poskytovanou po celou dobu mého studia. ANOTACE Předm ětem bakalá řské práce je analýza cestovního ruchu na území Pardubického kraje. První část je zam ěř ena na teoretické aspekty, které se vztahují k cestovnímu ruchu. Následn ě je charakterizován z hlediska cestovního ruchu vybraný kraj a analyzován jeho sou časný stav.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Tourism As a Driver of Rural Development. Case Study: Southern Moravia
    sustainability Article Cultural Tourism as a Driver of Rural Development. Case Study: Southern Moravia Milada Št’astná * , Antonín Vaishar, Jiˇrí Brychta, Kristýna Tuzová, Jan Zloch and Veronika Stodolová Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno 61300, Czech Republic; [email protected] (A.V.); [email protected] (J.B.); [email protected] (K.T.); [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (V.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +420-606-580-412 Received: 13 October 2020; Accepted: 29 October 2020; Published: 31 October 2020 Abstract: The main aim of the study was to find out whether cultural tourism could be a driver of rural development in the selected area and in general. In case yes, to what extent and under what conditions. Three districts in the South-Moravian Region, Znojmo, Bˇreclav, and Hodonín, situated in the rural borderland with Austria and Slovakia represented the study area. Both geographical and sociological methods were used to gather evidence for cultural tourism in that study. Firstly, attractiveness analysis of the area defined for cultural tourism took place. Next, factors influencing the potential for cultural tourism affecting rural development in South Moravia were evaluated. Finally, synergistic relations were discussed. In the territory, many forms of tourism intersect. Based on the results, it can be stated that cultural tourism can hardly be the main driver of rural development after the decline of agriculture because the region’s economy has branched out in several directions. However, it can be an important complementary activity that yields both economic and non-economic benefits.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Action Plan Liberec Region
    REGIONAL ACTION PLAN LIBEREC REGION – LOWER SILESIA For improving cross-border passenger rail Final transport Liberec Region - Lower Silesia 11 2018 D.T2.1.2 Page 1 The Trans-Borders project is to make a significant contribution to further development of German-Polish-Czech cooperation in the field of rail passenger transport. In recent years, quantitative, temporal and quality improvement has been noted between Lower Silesia and the Liberec Region, but this process requires continuation as public transport is still not fully competitive with, for example, individual means of transport. Targeted measures within the cross-border project will allow the process that has already started to continue. The development and implementation of a regional action plan aimed at connecting the cross-border region between Lower Silesia and the Liberec Region will contribute to connecting this area with the nearest TEN-T hubs in Wrocław and Praha and will improve not only its communication accessibility but also its attractiveness. The implementation of the regional action plan will support the strategy for sustainable cross-border passenger transport and will correspond to the proposed measures and actions. Page 2 MOTIVATION Linking the peripheral area of Borderland CZ/D/PL to the TEN-T node The neighbouring regions of Lower Silesia and the Liberec Region are located between two corridors of the European railway traffic core network, namely the Orient/East-Med Corridor and the Baltic-Adriatic corridor. For the development of both regions, it is necessary to improve access to the corridors and their respective hubs in Wrocław, Praha and Dresden and between them.
    [Show full text]
  • South Moravian Region
    iWATERMAP Regional Assessment: South Moravian Region Interreg Europe project iWATERMAP Version: 0.1 EN This is version 1, made in semester 3 of the iWATERMAP project Date: 27 November 2018 Strategy of South Moravian Region 2020 Target sectors of the document: • Advanced manufacturing and engineering technologies • Precision devices • Software and hardware development • Medicines, medical care and diagnostics • Aerospace technology Document Challenges: • Ecological sustainability, social cohesion, in a narrower sense, such as a low- carbon economy and technology, and finding ways to address them → direct and indirect economic effects • Quality and functioning of institutions is an important condition for company trust → Entrepreneurship and innovation (motivation, weaK vs. strong, ambition) • Preliminary orientation of research to public research institutions, education system and critical talent • The aim is to use available resources, not only financial but also human and material, in the most promising areas of research and entrepreneurship and to strengthen the competitiveness of the economy in the long term. • Effective interconnection of academic and business sectors • increase the involvement of advanced companies, ensure the interconnection of RIS with university strategies, extend interventions and application of research results outside the Brno agglomeration The phenomenon of the wider region of Moravia The South Moravian Region is historically and geographically and geographically a part of the wider region of Moravia. Almost 100% of this region belongs to the Morava River basin and also in terms of technologies for water management the individual parts of this region complement each other. The wider Moravia region thus includes, in addition to the two largest centers of Brno (South Moravian Region) and Olomouc (Olomouc Region), the Zlín Region and parts of the Vysočina Region, the Pardubice Region and the Moravian-Silesian Region, including the regional cities of Zlín, Jihlava and Ostrava.
    [Show full text]
  • Construction Sector Czech Republic Observatory Panel 2013+ Programme Thematic Objective 1 October 2015
    European Policy measure fact sheet Construction Sector Czech Republic Observatory Panel 2013+ Programme Thematic Objective 1 October 2015 Implementing body: Ministry for Regional Development, Figure 1 below represents the Government’s action plan for the State Housing Development Fund construction sector in Czech Republic. Panel 2013+ is in the list of Key features & The Programme is designed to provide priority measures for the construction sector. objectives: financial support for reconstruction and modernisation of all types of blocks of Figure 1: Support in construction sector flats, which must include measures leading to reduced energy intensity. Implementation date: 08/08/2014 - 2020 Targeted beneficiaries: Households, Construction companies, Trades people Targeted sub-sectors: Construction and related trades, Energy service sector Budget (EUR): € 22 Million (2015) € 23.3 Million (2016) In a nutshell In the Czech Republic, the majority of residential blocks were built between 1954 and 1994; nearly 1.2 million flats were built under prefab technologies across the country. 1 Technological faults were a feature of this type of construction at the time creating low- quality housing. Poor insulation, water leakages and a weakening metal structure in these buildings have an impact on safety of occupiers and energy loss; therefore consumers are paying a high price for the inefficient building. Further, modernisation of these blocks requires substantial financial resources. 2 Today, approximately 25-30% housing blocks have been reconstructed and modernised in order to achieve increased energy efficiency and improved overall housing quality. The Czech State Housing Development Fund launched the Panel 2013+ programme in August 2014 (Government Regulation No. 468/2012 Co 3) as an initiative designed to provide financial support for reconstruction and modernisation of all types of blocks of flats across the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Structure of Headquarters of Largest Enterprises in the Czech Republic from Quantitative Perspective
    Studia Ekonomiczne. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach ISSN 2083-8611 Nr 361 · 2018 Ekonomia 15 Jaroslav Urminský VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava Faculty of Economics Department of Regional and Environmental Economics [email protected] REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF HEADQUARTERS OF LARGEST ENTERPRISES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC FROM QUANTITATIVE PERSPECTIVE Summary: Largest enterprises play a crucial role in the economies of countries, regions and localities. This paper deals with spatial structure of headquarters of largest enterprises in the NUTS III regions in the Czech Republic. Attention is devoted primarily to industry and service companies. We concentrate on selected aspects, such as economic power or geographic concentration. The Lorenz curve and Theil index are use to express of the above concentration. We observe clear differences among largest enterprises in the service and industrial sector in terms of turnover size in 2015. The results of Theil index show that headquarters of largest enterprises in the service sector are much more concentrated than their industrial counterparts. The same holds true for turnover concentration. Dominant po- sition is occupied by Prague and its surroundings. In this region almost 50% of headquar- ters of the largest enterprises is located, which generates almost 50% of the total turnover. Keywords: largest enterprises, headquarters, Theil index, NUTS III Regions, Czech Republic. JEL Classification: R10, R11, D22, L29. Introduction Largest enterprises play a crucial role in the economies of countries, regions and localities. Largest enterprises dispose of significant production and capital capabilities or research and development infrastructure interconnected with in- novation potential. They are constitutive for the labour market by creating new direct and indirect jobs.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin 1 Low.Pdf
    Table of content WELCOME Page 1 1/ ORGANISATION Page 2 1.1/ Event Advisers Page 2 1.2/ Contact information Page 2 2/ PROGRAM Page 3 3/ VENUE AND ACCESS Page 4 4/ EVENT CENTRE Page 5 5/ ACCOMMODATION Page 6 6/ EMBARGOED AREAS Page 7 7/ TRAINING POSSIBILITIES Page 10 8/ CLASSES AND PARTICIPATION Page 10 RESTRICTIONS 9/ TIMING Page 11 10/ CLIMATE & HAZARDS Page 11 11/ EUROMEETING Page 11 12/ SPECTATOR RACES Page 11 WELCOME Dear orienteering fans, On behalf of the WOC 2021 organising team, I would like to For the fourth time in history we will welcome in the Czech I am very pleased that the Liberec Region will host the World welcome all of you to the World Orienteering Championships Republic the best orienteers from all over the world, who Orienteering Championships in two years. The competition 2021 in our beautiful sandstone area in the Czech Republic. will come here in 2021 to fight for world champion titles at which is going to be held there in July 2021, will only confirm Competition centre will be in beautiful town Doksy lies on the the 38th Orienteering World Championships. that the region is dedicated to sports. shores of Máchovo jezero (Mácha Lake) which, which is I invite you for a short journey through the time - let's Already in the past, the region has become a venue for surrounded by pine forests. Our bid is to make small “olympic remember the World Orienteering Championships important sport events, such as for the World Mountain Bike village” of part of this town, where all teams will be organized in Czechia throughout history: Orienteering Championships three years ago and last year, one accommodated.
    [Show full text]