DOCSLIB.ORG

Redalyc.Species Richness and Relative Species Abundance of Nymphalidae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Redalyc.Species Richness and Relative Species Abundance of Nymphalidae Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN: 0034-7744 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica Stephen, Carolyn; Sánchez, Ragde Species richness and relative species abundance of Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) in three forests with different perturbations in the North-Central Caribbean of Costa Rica Revista de Biología Tropical, vol. 62, núm. 3, septiembre, 2014, pp. 919-928 Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44932441008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Species richness and relative species abundance of Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) in three forests with different perturbations in the North-Central Caribbean of Costa Rica Carolyn Stephen1 & Ragde Sánchez2 1. Knox College, Galesburg, IL 61401, USA; [email protected] 2. Asociación Theria para la Investigación y Conservación, San José, Costa Rica; [email protected] Received 20-III-2014. Corrected 30-IV-2014. Accepted 26-V-2014. Abstract: Measurements of species richness and species abundance can have important implications for regulations and conservation. This study investigated species richness and abundance of butterflies in the fam- Rica program Costa Special section (ACM) ily Nymphalidae at undisturbed, and disturbed habitats in Tirimbina Biological Reserve and Nogal Private Reserve, Sarapiquí, Costa Rica. Traps baited with rotten banana were placed in the canopy and the understory of three habitats: within mature forest, at a river/forest border, and at a banana plantation/forest border. In total, 71 species and 487 individuals were caught and identified during May and June 2011 and May 2013. Species richness and species abundance were found to increase significantly at perturbed habitats (p<0.0001, p<0.0001, respectively). The edge effect, in which species richness and abundance increase due to greater complementary resources from different habitats, could be one possible explanation for increased species richness and abun- dance. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (3): 919-928. Epub 2014 September 01. Key words: butterflies, disturbance effects, edge effect, nymphalidae, species abundance, species diversity, spe- cies richness, Chiquita Nature and Community Project, Nogal Private Reserve. Biological diversity has become increas- disturbance to ecosystems (Erhardt, 1985; ingly important in the realm of conservation Fleishman, Thomson, Nally, Murphy, & Fay, biology. Changes in species richness and spe- 2005; Bobo, Waltert, Fermon, Njokagbor, & cies relative abundance due to disruptions in Mühlengber, 2006; Pöyry et al., 2006; Leidner, continuous habitats have been used in multiple Haddad, & Lovejoy, 2010). Habitat loss is studies to suggest or evaluate management thought to be the greatest cause for insect decisions on which conservation efforts are extinction, and their populations can be easily needed to maintain the survival of a species or influenced by anthropogenic forest fragmenta- a community of species (Horner-Devine, Daily, tion (Hogue, 1993; Leidner et al., 2010). Bar- Ehrlich, & Boggs, 2003; Uehara-Prado, Brown, low, Overal, Araujo, Gardner, & Peres (2007) & Freitas, 2007; Sjödin, Bengtsson, & Ekbom, found that butterfly species richness in Brazil 2008; Hjältén et al., 2012). tended to be greater in primary forest than on Insects, and in particular butterflies, have Eucalyptus plantations, but that relative species contributed greatly to understanding tropical abundance of the species existing there tended biodiversity (DeVries, Alexander, Chacon, & to be greater on the Eucalyptus plantations. Fordyce, 2012). Although plentiful, insects Uehara-Pradoet al. (2007) compared primary are still incredibly prone to great popula- forest and fragmented forest in the Brazilian tion increases and decreases, and have been Atlantic, finding that butterfly species richness used frequently as important indicators of increased at fragmented sites while relative Rev. Biol. Trop. (Int. J. Trop. Biol. ISSN-0034-7744) Vol. 62 (3): 919-928, September 2014 919 abundance did not change, suggesting that and 84°7’ W) is at an elevation of 180-220m forest fragmentation and disturbance does not above sea level and is made up of 345ha of negatively affect species diversity. Horner- lowland rainforest. Mean annual temperature Devine et al. (2003) found that coffee farms is 25.3°C with a mean high of 30.2°C and a within 1-2.5km of a forest reserve had greater mean low of 20.2°C. Mean annual precipitation butterfly species richness and relative species is 3777mm. Landscape inclines generally fall abundance than both, farms 6-9km away and between 10-25% with rolling hills, although within the forest reserve itself, indicating that closer to creeks and the river, slopes can reach nearby forest may have a positive impact on 60%. Soils are of volcanic origin. The Sara- butterfly species richness and relative species piquí River forms the Western border of the abundance. It also suggests that forest edges reserve. Tirimbina falls within two Holdridge may experience increases in species richness life zones, Humid Tropical Pre-Montane For- and abundance. est and transition to Basal and Humid Tropical This study focuses on the butterfly family Forest. Primary forest makes up 85% of TBR Nymphalidae, which contains more species while the rest is secondary forest (Tirimbina than any other butterfly family in the world, Biological Reserve, 2010b). except the family Lycaenidae. Nymphalidae The data of the banana plantation/forest species can be found on every continent except border was part of a long term study executed Antarctica, although they are most diverse in by Chiquita Nature and Community Project at Neotropical regions (DeVries, 1987). More Nogal Private Reserve and forest fragments specifically, this study looked at fruit-feeding around it. This fragment is located close to nymphalids, a feeding guild in Nymphalidae, Puerto Viejo, Sarapiquí at 40-60m elevation. which feed on rotten fruit juices (DeVries et Mean annual precipitation falls between 3 al., 2012). The objectives of this study were to 712-4 000mm. The mean annual temperature compare species richness and relative species is 25.8°C, and the vegetation corresponds to abundance in the butterfly family Nymphalidae Holdridge Life Zone of Humid Tropical Forest in both the canopy and the understory between (Barquero Villalobos, 2009). Although close (a) mature forest habitat and two disturbance to Puerto Viejo, the surrounding area of this habitats: (b) river/forest (a natural disturbance) plantation is rural with fragmented forest. In and (c) banana plantation/forest (an anthropo- general, banana and pineapple farms are espe- genic disturbance). cially common in Sarapiquí (Municipalidad de Sarapiquí-Secretaria Técnica de Gobierno MATERIALS AND METHODS Digital, 2012a). Study site: This study took place primar- Data collection: In TBR, data was taken ily in Tirimbina Biological Reserve (referred from a river/forest border along the Río Sara- to as TBR in this study), located in the sec- piquí and from within the forest itself. In TBR, ond district of La Virgen, Sarapiquí, Heredia data was taken 5d/wk for 3weeks and 4d the Province in the North central-Caribbean area 4th week between 2 to 31 May. Data used from of Costa Rica. La Virgen has a population of the banana plantation/forest border were taken 8 715 people, and is a rural area (Municipalidad 3-7 May and 31 May-5 June, 2011 by staff of de Sarapiquí-Secretaria Técnica de Gobierno Chiquita Nature and Community Projects as Digital, 2012b). The TBR (345ha) is located part of their long-term butterfly survey. in the Sarapiquí River Basin of approximately Traps were made out of mosquito netting 1 923km2 in size. It is bordered by other pri- held in a cylindrical shape with an open bottom vate properties that altogether create 600ha and closed top approximately 30cm in diam- of continuous forest cover (Tirimbina Bio- eter and 1m in height as described in DeVries logical Reserve, 2010a). The TBR (10°24’ N (1987). Between 50 and 100mL of rotten 920 Rev. Biol. Trop. (Int. J. Trop. Biol. ISSN-0034-7744) Vol. 62 (3): 919-928, September 2014 banana were placed in a small plastic cup on a A species accumulation curve was created platform hanging about 5-8cm from the open to estimate the proportion of butterflies identi- bottom of the trap. Banana was mashed and left fied to the actual number of species in the popu- to sit about 1d before baiting. Traps were re- lation. Relationship between daily precipitation baited with banana only as necessary through- data versus daily captures of number of species out the week. Traps were checked once/d and number of individuals was estimated with (trap-day). All butterflies captured during a simple regression carried out with Statgraphics trap-day were counted by number of individu- XV.I (Statpoint Technologies, Inc. 2011). A als of each species and identified using DeVries regression was not done for the banana planta- (1987). Collected specimens were given to the tion/forest habitat due to differences in data Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio), collection on precipitation A “square-root-Y” Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica. Data model (best fit) was used in the mature forest on precipitation levels each day were obtained habitat and a “double-squared” model (best fit) from TBR. Sampling from the banana planta- was used in the river/forest border habitat for tion study was conducted in a similar manner. number of species. A “square root-Y” model Twenty traps were set up at the river/forest (best fit) was used in the forest habitat and a “squared-Y” model (best fit) in the river/for- Rica program Costa Special section (ACM) border throughout the entire study. For the first est border habitat for number of individuals. week of the study, 30 traps within the forest Simper Analysis was used to evaluate changes were used from another ongoing study.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Industrial Melanism" Debate
    Rev. Biol. Trop., 46(2): 297-330, 1998 Spatial distribution, territoriaiity and sound production by tropical cryptic buUerflies (Hamadryas, Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): implications forthe· '''industrial melanism" debate 2 Julián Monge-Nájera 1, Francisco Hernández María Isabel González 3, Javier Soley 4, José Araya4 and Stefano Zolla 5 Centro de Investigación Académica, UNED, Costa Rica. Mailing address: Biología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 Costa Rica; fax (506)2075550; [email protected]. 2 Unidad de Microscopia Electrónica, 3 Escuela de Estadística, 4 Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 Costa Rica 5 Centro Intemazionale Crocevia, Via Ferraironi 88G, 00172, Roma, ltaly. Received 23-V-1997. Corrected 19-1I-1998. Accepted 13-1I1-1998. Absh:act: Neotropical buttert1ies of the genus Hamadryas, noted by the emission of sound, spend much lime perching on trees and are believed 10 be cryptically pattemed and colored with respecI lo Iree trunks and branches ¡hey use asperching siles, bul ¡he subject had not been studied previously. This paper describes spatial distribution, territoriality¡¡nd sound production in five species, under natural conditions: Hamadryas amphinome (Lucas, 1853), H. februa (Godart, 1824), H. feronia (Fruhstorfer, 1916), H. glaucollome (Bates, 1864) andH. guatemalena (Bates, ! 864). Tree characteristics anduse by bunerflies were recorded under natural conditions in open habitats (grassland thinly eovered with trees) in Costa Riea and Panama, avoidíng the problems thal affected previous natural selection studies in Biston betularía (the "industrial melanism" moth). Males perched on the trees and used Ihem as courting territories. The butterflies perched more oflen on sorne individual trees, and dia no! use olhers.
    [Show full text]
  • Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) of the Área De
    Biota Neotropica 15(3): e20140118, 2015 www.scielo.br/bn inventory Fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) of the A´ rea de Protec¸a˜o Especial Manancial Mutuca, Nova Lima and Species list for the Region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Andre´ Roberto Melo Silva1,3,4, Douglas Vitor Pontes1, Marco Paulo Guimara˜es1,3, Marina Vicente de Oliveira1, Lucas Tito Faria de Assis1 & Marcio Uehara-Prado2 1Centro Universita´rio UNA, Faculdade de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas e da Sau´de, Rua Guajajaras, 175, Centro, CEP 30180-100, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 2Instituto Neotropical: Pesquisa e Conservac¸a˜o Caixa Postal 19009, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. 3Rede de Pesquisa e Conservac¸a˜o de Lepido´pteros de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 4Corresponding author: Andre´ Roberto Melo Silva, e-mail: andrerml.hotmail.com SILVA, A.R.M., PONTES, D.V., GUIMARA˜ ES, M.P., OLIVEIRA, M.V., ASSIS, L.T.F., UEHARA- PRADO, M. Fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) of the A´ rea de Protec¸a˜o Especial Manancial Mutuca, Nova Lima and Species list for the Region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Biota Neotropica. 15(3): e20140118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-06032015011814 Abstract: A study of the assembly of fruit-feeding butterflies in the A´ rea de Protec¸a˜o Especial Manancial Mutuca, Nova Lima, MG was conducted with the goal of inventorying the species of the site. Forty-two traps were used to attract fruit-feeding butterflies, divided between Cerrado (rupestrian field) and riparian vegetation, monthly over one year. 2245 butterflies, which belonged to 63 species, were recorded.
    [Show full text]
  • Títol Del Treball: Descripción Del Ciclo De Vida De Colobura Dirce (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) En La Comunidad Campesina De San Rafael, Amazonía Peruana
    Facultat de Ciències Memòria del Treball Final de Grau Títol del treball: Descripción del ciclo de vida de Colobura dirce (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) en la comunidad campesina de San Rafael, Amazonía peruana. Estudiant: Guillem Armengol Selvas Doble grau en Biologia i Ciències Ambientals Correu electrònic: [email protected] Tutor: Crisanto Gomez Lopez Cotutor*: Neus Collado Alsina Empresa / institució: EverGreen Institut Vistiplau tutor (i cotutor*): Nom del tutor: Crisanto Gomez Lopez NomNom del del tutor: cotutor*: Neus Collado Alsina Nom del cotutor*: Empresa/ institució: EverGreen Institute Empresa / institució: Correu(s)Correu(s) electrònic(s): electrònic(s): [email protected]; [email protected] *si hi ha un cotutor assignat Data de dipòsit de la memòria a secretaria de coordinació: Agradecimientos En primer lugar me gustaría agradecer a la doctora Neus Collado y al biólogo Esteban Fong la oportunidad de esta experiencia en la comunidad de San Rafael, además de haber depositado su confianza en mí para realizar este proyecto. En segundo lugar agradecer a mi tutor, el doctor Crisanto Gomez por la ayuda y experiencia en la redacción y evaluación de este trabajo que me ha guiado a través del mismo. También agradecer a todo el equipo de profesionales, voluntarios y estudiantes de EvenGreen Institute los cuales han hecho posible este estudió, en especial a Dani Pérez, Edu Roura, Joel Morell y Clara Sala. Asimismo, a toda la comunidad de San Rafael por hacerme sentir como en casa. Muy agradecido a todos los miembros del mariposario “Morphosapi”, en especial a Don Pedro y Don Herman, por compartir conmigo toda su sabiduría y hacerme crecer como persona.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships and Historical Biogeography of Tribes and Genera in the Subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
    Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKBIJBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 0024-4066The Linnean Society of London, 2005? 2005 862 227251 Original Article PHYLOGENY OF NYMPHALINAE N. WAHLBERG ET AL Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 86, 227–251. With 5 figures . Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of tribes and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) NIKLAS WAHLBERG1*, ANDREW V. Z. BROWER2 and SÖREN NYLIN1 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331–2907, USA Received 10 January 2004; accepted for publication 12 November 2004 We infer for the first time the phylogenetic relationships of genera and tribes in the ecologically and evolutionarily well-studied subfamily Nymphalinae using DNA sequence data from three genes: 1450 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 1077 bp of elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-a) and 400–403 bp of wing- less (both in the nuclear genome). We explore the influence of each gene region on the support given to each node of the most parsimonious tree derived from a combined analysis of all three genes using Partitioned Bremer Support. We also explore the influence of assuming equal weights for all characters in the combined analysis by investigating the stability of clades to different transition/transversion weighting schemes. We find many strongly supported and stable clades in the Nymphalinae. We are also able to identify ‘rogue’
    [Show full text]
  • BULLETIN of the ALLYN MUSEUM 3621 Bayshore Rd
    BULLETIN OF THE ALLYN MUSEUM 3621 Bayshore Rd. Sarasota, Florida 34234 Published By Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611 Number 125 5 April 1989 ISSN-0097-3211 NEOTROPICAL NYMPHALIDAE VII. REVISION OF NESSAEA Dale W. Jenkins 3028 Tanglewood Drive, Sarasota. FL 34239; Research Associate, Allyn Museum of Entomology A. INTRODUCTION Nessaea is a small distinctive genus of colorful butterflies in the subfamily Eurytelinae. The male and female adults have a bright, turquoise blue, diagonal crossband on the dorsal forewing, and unique apple-green coloration on the ventral surfaces of the wings. The males are black above, and most species have some orange on the dorsal hindwings. The females are brownish above with a blue crossband. Striking differences in wing coloration and pattern appear to reflect a record of phylogenetic history in both species and subspecies. Nessaea and Catonephele were previously combined in the genus Epicalia, and a revision by Stichel (1899) included Nessaea and Myscelia in the genus Catonephele. Rober, in Seitz (1915), and other authors have recognized Nessaea as a separate genus. Vane-Wright (1979) revised Nessaea based on specimens in European museums. He designated lectotypes, but did not formally recognize subspecies. He presented a cladistic study based on eight wing color/pattern elements. His revision was of great value in the present study. A phylogenetic and biogeographic study of the subtribe Catonephelina (Jenkins, unpub.) indicates that it is comprised of four monophyletic genera, Catonephele, Nessaea, Myscelia and a new genus Catocelia. Cladistic analyses required morphological studies and a revision of Nessaea to allow morphological comparisons with Myscelia and Catonephele (revised by Jenkins, 1984 and 1985, respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • Uehara-Prado Marcio D.Pdf
    FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA ELABORADA PELA BIBLIOTECA DO INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA – UNICAMP Uehara-Prado, Marcio Ue3a Artrópodes terrestres como indicadores biológicos de perturbação antrópica / Marcio Uehara do Prado. – Campinas, SP: [s.n.], 2009. Orientador: André Victor Lucci Freitas. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia. 1. Indicadores (Biologia). 2. Borboleta . 3. Artrópode epigéico. 4. Mata Atlântica. 5. Cerrados. I. Freitas, André Victor Lucci. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia. III. Título. (rcdt/ib) Título em inglês: Terrestrial arthropods as biological indicators of anthropogenic disturbance. Palavras-chave em inglês : Indicators (Biology); Butterflies; Epigaeic arthropod; Mata Atlântica (Brazil); Cerrados. Área de concentração: Ecologia. Titulação: Doutor em Ecologia. Banca examinadora: André Victor Lucci Freitas, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Paulo Roberto Guimarães Junior, Flavio Antonio Maës dos Santos, Thomas Michael Lewinsohn. Data da defesa : 21/08/2009. Programa de Pós-Graduação: Ecologia. iv Dedico este trabalho ao professor Keith S. Brown Jr. v AGRADECIMENTOS Ao longo dos vários anos da tese, muitas pessoas contribuiram direta ou indiretamente para a sua execução. Gostaria de agradecer nominalmente a todos, mas o espaço e a memória, ambos limitados, não permitem. Fica aqui o meu obrigado geral a todos que me ajudaram de alguma forma. Ao professor André V.L. Freitas, por sempre me incentivar e me apoiar em todos os momentos da tese, e por todo o ensinamento passado ao longo de nossa convivência de uma década. A minha família: Dona Júlia, Bagi e Bete, pelo apoio incondicional. A Cris, por ser essa companheira incrível, sempre cuidando muito bem de mim. A todas as meninas que participaram do projeto original “Artrópodes como indicadores biológicos de perturbação antrópica em Floresta Atlântica”, em especial a Juliana de Oliveira Fernandes, Huang Shi Fang, Mariana Juventina Magrini, Cristiane Matavelli, Tatiane Gisele Alves e Regiane Moreira de Oliveira.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and Patterns of Morphological Similarity Among Species from Eight Tribes of Nymphalidae
    Revista Brasileira de Entomologia http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262013005000006 External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae Luis Anderson Ribeiro Leite1,2, Mirna Martins Casagrande1,3 & Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke1,4 1Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531–980 Curitiba-PR, Brasil. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT. External morphology of the adult of Dynamine postverta (Cramer) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Biblidinae) and patterns of morphological similarity among species from eight tribes of Nymphalidae. The external structure of the integument of Dynamine postverta postverta (Cramer, 1779) is based on detailed morphological drawings and scanning electron microscopy. The data are compared with other species belonging to eight tribes of Nymphalidae, to assist future studies on the taxonomy and systematics of Neotropical Biblidinae. KEYWORDS. Abdomen; head; Insecta; morphology; Papilionoidea; thorax. Nymphalidae is a large cosmopolitan family of butter- served in dorsal view (Figs. 1–4). Two subspecies are recog- flies, with about 7,200 described species (Freitas & Brown nized according to Lamas (2004), Dynamine postverta Jr. 2004) and is perhaps the most well documented biologi- postverta (Cramer, 1779) distributed in South America and cally (Harvey 1991; Freitas & Brown Jr. 2004; Wahlberg et Dynamine postverta mexicana d’Almeida, 1952 with a dis- al. 2005). The systematic relationships are still somewhat tribution restricted to Central America. Several species sur- unclear with respect to its subfamilies, tribes and genera, and veys and other studies cite this species as Dynamine mylitta even after more than a century of studies on these groups, (DeVries 1987; Mielke 1994; Miller et al.1999; Freitas & these relationships still seem to confuse many who set out to Brown, Jr.
    [Show full text]
  • INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a Synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a Historical Sketch
    ZOOLOGÍA-TAXONOMÍA www.unal.edu.co/icn/publicaciones/caldasia.htm Caldasia 31(2):407-440. 2009 HACIA UNA SÍNTESIS DE LOS PAPILIONOIDEA (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA) DE GUATEMALA CON UNA RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Towards a synthesis of the Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera) from Guatemala with a historical sketch JOSÉ LUIS SALINAS-GUTIÉRREZ El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] CLAUDIO MÉNDEZ Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos, Ciudad Universitaria, Campus Central USAC, Zona 12. Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] MERCEDES BARRIOS Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas (CECON), Universidad de San Carlos, Avenida La Reforma 0-53, Zona 10, Guatemala, Guatemala. [email protected] CARMEN POZO El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR). Unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, A. P. 424, C. P. 77900. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, México. [email protected] JORGE LLORENTE-BOUSQUETS Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM. Apartado Postal 70-399, México D.F. 04510; México. [email protected]. Autor responsable. RESUMEN La riqueza biológica de Mesoamérica es enorme. Dentro de esta gran área geográfi ca se encuentran algunos de los ecosistemas más diversos del planeta (selvas tropicales), así como varios de los principales centros de endemismo en el mundo (bosques nublados). Países como Guatemala, en esta gran área biogeográfi ca, tiene grandes zonas de bosque húmedo tropical y bosque mesófi lo, por esta razón es muy importante para analizar la diversidad en la región. Lamentablemente, la fauna de mariposas de Guatemala es poco conocida y por lo tanto, es necesario llevar a cabo un estudio y análisis de la composición y la diversidad de las mariposas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) en Guatemala.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a Coastal Plain Area in the State of Paraná, Brazil
    62 TROP. LEPID. RES., 26(2): 62-67, 2016 LEVISKI ET AL.: Butterflies in Paraná Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in a coastal plain area in the state of Paraná, Brazil Gabriela Lourenço Leviski¹*, Luziany Queiroz-Santos¹, Ricardo Russo Siewert¹, Lucy Mila Garcia Salik¹, Mirna Martins Casagrande¹ and Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke¹ ¹ Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19.020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]٭ Abstract: The coastal plain environments of southern Brazil are neglected and poorly represented in Conservation Units. In view of the importance of sampling these areas, the present study conducted the first butterfly inventory of a coastal area in the state of Paraná. Samples were taken in the Floresta Estadual do Palmito, from February 2014 through January 2015, using insect nets and traps for fruit-feeding butterfly species. A total of 200 species were recorded, in the families Hesperiidae (77), Nymphalidae (73), Riodinidae (20), Lycaenidae (19), Pieridae (7) and Papilionidae (4). Particularly notable records included the rare and vulnerable Pseudotinea hemis (Schaus, 1927), representing the lowest elevation record for this species, and Temenis huebneri korallion Fruhstorfer, 1912, a new record for Paraná. These results reinforce the need to direct sampling efforts to poorly inventoried areas, to increase knowledge of the distribution and occurrence patterns of butterflies in Brazil. Key words: Atlantic Forest, Biodiversity, conservation, inventory, species richness. INTRODUCTION the importance of inventories to knowledge of the fauna and its conservation, the present study inventoried the species of Faunal inventories are important for providing knowledge butterflies of the Floresta Estadual do Palmito.
    [Show full text]
  • Lista De Anexos
    LISTA DE ANEXOS ANEXO N°1 MAPA DEL HUMEDAL ANEXO N°2 REGIMEN DE MAREAS SAN JUAN DEL N. ANEXO N°3 LISTA PRELIMINAR DE FAUNA SILVESTRE ANEXO N°4 LISTA PRELIMINAR DE VEGETACIÓN ANEXO N°5 DOSSIER FOTOGRAFICO 22 LISTADO PRELIMINAR DE ESPECIES DE FAUNA SILVESTRE DEL REFUGIO DE VIDA SILVESTRE RIO SAN JUAN. INSECTOS FAMILIA ESPECIE REPORTADO POR BRENTIDAE Brentus anchorago Giuliano Trezzi CERAMBYCIDAE Acrocinus longimanus Giuliano Trezzi COCCINELLIDAE Epilachna sp. Giuliano Trezzi COENAGRIONIDAE Argia pulla Giuliano Trezzi COENAGRIONIDAE Argia sp. Giuliano Trezzi FORMICIDAE Atta sp. Giuliano Trezzi FORMICIDAE Paraponera clavata Giuliano Trezzi FORMICIDAE Camponotus sp. Giuliano Trezzi GOMPHIDAE Aphylla angustifolia Giuliano Trezzi LIBELLULIDAE Micrathyria aequalis Giuliano Trezzi LIBELLULIDAE Micrathyria didyma Giuliano Trezzi LIBELLULIDAE Erythemis peruviana Giuliano Trezzi LIBELLULIDAE Erythrodiplax connata Giuliano Trezzi LIBELLULIDAE Erythrodiplax ochracea Giuliano Trezzi LIBELLULIDAE Dythemis velox Giuliano Trezzi LIBELLULIDAE Idiataphe cubensis Giuliano Trezzi NYMPHALIDAE Caligo atreus Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Archaeoprepona demophoon Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Eueides lybia Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Dryas iulia Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Heliconius charitonius Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Heliconius cydno Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Heliconius erato Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Heliconius melponeme Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Heliconius sara Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Philaetria dido Javier Baltodano NYMPHALIDAE Aeria eurimedia
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Life Cycle and Natural History of Butterflies of El Salvador Iii C
    Jou",al of the Le pidopterists' Society 33(2), 1979, 112-123 NOTES ON THE LIFE CYCLE AND NATURAL HISTORY OF BUTTERFLIES OF EL SALVADOR III C. HISTORIS ODIUS AND COEA ACHERONTA (NYMPHALIDAE-COLOBURINAE) ALBERT MUYSHONDT, JR. AND ALBERTO MUYSHONDT 101 Avenida Norte #322, San Salvador, El Salvador ABSTRACT. A complete photo-illustrated report on the early stages of Historis odius (Fabricius) and a partial of Coea acheronta (Fabricius) are presented, which reveals similarities between the two species suggesting a very close relationship. Both species utilize the same foodplant in El Salvador, Cecropia mexicana (Moraceae), whose close relative, C. peltata, has been reported as foodplant in Brazil by some authors under the vernacular name "Embauba." The placement of these two species in the Coloburini is questioned and some striking larval similarities with Smyrna blomfildia and S. karwinskii (both also questionably placed in the Coloburini) and with Pycina zelis (placed among the Vanesiini) are pOinted out. Larvae of Historis odius are subject to heavy parasitization mostly by tachinid flies and one case of nematode parasitization, (Mermis sp.), is recorded. Historis odius is by far more abundant in El Salvador than Coea acheronta and covers a wider range of altitudes. This article presents information on the life cycles and natural histories of the two largest species of butterflies included in the Coloburini: Historis odius (Fabricius) and Coea acheronta (Fabricius).1 The first time we saw the eggs of Historis odius was 6 October 1970 when our good friend Viktor Hellebuyck captured and papered a female. Some 15 eggs were deposited by the female while still alive inside the envelope.
    [Show full text]
  • The Radiation of Satyrini Butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): A
    Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 161, 64–87. With 8 figures The radiation of Satyrini butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a challenge for phylogenetic methods CARLOS PEÑA1,2*, SÖREN NYLIN1 and NIKLAS WAHLBERG1,3 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Peru 3Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland Received 24 February 2009; accepted for publication 1 September 2009 We have inferred the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis to date of butterflies in the tribe Satyrini. In order to obtain a hypothesis of relationships, we used maximum parsimony and model-based methods with 4435 bp of DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear genes for 179 taxa (130 genera and eight out-groups). We estimated dates of origin and diversification for major clades, and performed a biogeographic analysis using a dispersal–vicariance framework, in order to infer a scenario of the biogeographical history of the group. We found long-branch taxa that affected the accuracy of all three methods. Moreover, different methods produced incongruent phylogenies. We found that Satyrini appeared around 42 Mya in either the Neotropical or the Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental, and/or Indo-Australian regions, and underwent a quick radiation between 32 and 24 Mya, during which time most of its component subtribes originated. Several factors might have been important for the diversification of Satyrini: the ability to feed on grasses; early habitat shift into open, non-forest habitats; and geographic bridges, which permitted dispersal over marine barriers, enabling the geographic expansions of ancestors to new environ- ments that provided opportunities for geographic differentiation, and diversification.
    [Show full text]