VOLUME 65 NUMBER 1, 2011 GEOMATICA THE JOURNAL OF GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND PRACTICE LA REVUE DES SCIENCES DE LINFORMATION GÉOSPATIALE, DE LA TECHNOLOGIE ET DE LA PRATIQUE

CARTOGRAPHY IN CANADA 2007-2011 LA CARTOGRAPHIE AU CANADA DE 2007-2011

VOLUME 65, NUMÉRO 1, 2011 CANADIAN NATIONAL REPORT TO THE INTERNATIONAL CARTOGRAPHIC ASSOCIATION Fifteenth General Assembly, Paris, France, July 3-8, 2011

Janet E. Mersey Guest Editors: Eric Kramers Principal Janet E. Mersey, Chair of the Canadian National Committee to the ICA Deputy Canadian Canadian Eric Kramers, Natural Resources Canada, Deputy Canadian Delegate to the ICA Delegate to the Delegate to the F ICA ICA 8

It is a pleasure to present Canada’s the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, out by federal and provincial/territori- national report to the ICA, on behalf of was used to update glacial extents. The al government agencies; national soci- the Canadian Institute of Geomatics most up-to-date International Bathymetric eties and associations; and educational (CIG), to the delegates of the fifteenth Chart of the Arctic Ocean was innovatively institutions in Canada. These reports General Assembly. This is in accor- adapted and integrated into this new map. clearly illustrate the importance and dance with Article 5 of the ICA statutes The articles in this report were scope of geomatics in Canada, and on the occasion of the XXV obtained in response to a call for papers, provide rich detail showcasing the International Cartographic Conference and underwent the journal’s usual rigorous breadth of geomatics science that is in Paris, France. Titled Cartography in peer review process. The three-featured part of the work of many Canadians. Canada: 2007-2011, this comprehen- articles illustrate the thematic breadth of The complexity and diversity of carto- sive report is published as a special the field of geomatics, in this case encom- graphic and geomatics activity in issue of the Canadian quarterly journal passing topographic mapping, remote Canada demonstrates how vital they Geomatica and is distributed to all sensing, and online atlas creation. The are to all sectors of government, indus- members of the Canadian Institute of paper by Daniel Clavet, from Natural try and education. These reports also Geomatics. This special issue will be Resources Canada, explains the innova- show how difficult it is to imagine a the first issue of Geomatica published tive use of multiple data sources, includ- nation and a World without the high and available online through the CIG ing imagery from Canada’s Radarsat 2 level of integrated maps and data we website. While bringing unique chal- satellite, to produce topographic maps of currently use and experience daily. lenges to the publishing process, it northern Canada. By 2012, the CartoNord This publication was a team allows for a high quality, easily acces- project will have achieved its objective of effort, and we would like to sincerely sible, full colour document. This report providing complete coverage of all of thank everyone who contributed his contains contributions from over 50 northern Canada at 1:50 000. Radarsat or her time and energy in its prepara- geomatics specialists throughout imagery is also central to the article by tion. This includes authors who sub- Canada and reflects the high level of Gangyao Kuang, Jonathan Li and Zhiguo mitted material and those unmen- activity in this sector in Canada in gov- He. They derive and test a sophisticated tioned, but equally important, indi- ernment, industry and education. edge detection algorithm, allowing for viduals who reviewed this material. Canada’s national report is also a accurate detection of water bodies from Special thanks goes to Carol Railer, compendium of peer-reviewed feature SAR imagery with high noise speckle. Production Manager of Geomatica, articles and activity reports from Lastly, a contribution by Glenn Brauen, for her endless patience and advice organizations with a geomatics man- Stephanie Pyne, Amos Hayes, J.P. Fiset throughout the compilation process date, which together highlight and D.R. Taylor, a multidisciplinary and Jean Thie, Editor. Canada’s cartographic achievements research team at the Geomatics and We look forward to participating over the past five years. The cover of Cartographic Research Centre at Carleton in the XXV International Cartographic the report features the award winning University, highlights the creative design Conference, set to commence in July map of the North Circumpolar Region of a web atlas developed with open source 2011, in Paris, France. A stimulating and was produced by Natural software. Focusing on the Lake Huron and diverse program has been planned, Resources Canada’s, Mapping and Treaty Relationship Process, the atlas rep- thanks to the admirable efforts of the Information Branch, Atlas of Canada resents a unique tool for expressing Local Organizing Committee, the in 2008. The map incorporated consid- geonarratives or stories told through maps. International Scientific Committee, erable new data for all map features. Also included in this issue are summa- the French Scientific Committee and Circumpolar MODIS imagery, from ry reports of cartographic initiatives carried the ICA Executive Committee. J

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 7 RAPPORT NATIONAL CANADIEN À L'ASSOCIATION CARTOGRAPHIQUE INTERNATIONALE Quinzième assemblée générale, Paris, France, 3-8 juillet 2011

Janet E. Mersey E Rédacteurs invités : Eric Kramers Déléguée principale 7 Janet E. Mersey, Présidente du Comité national canadien à l'ACI Délégué adjoint canadienne à l'ACI Eric Kramers, Ressources naturelles Canada, Délégué adjoint canadien à l'ACI canadien à l'ACI Au nom de l’Association canadien- zone circumpolaire, du Centre canadien de graphiques entreprises par les orga- ne des sciences géomatiques (ACSG), télédétection, a permis de mettre à jour nismes des gouvernements fédéraux, nous avons le plaisir de présenter le l’étendue glaciaire. La Carte bathymé- provinciaux et territoriaux, les sociétés rapport national canadien aux délégués trique internationale de l’océan Arctique et les associations nationales ainsi que de la quinzième assemblée générale de la plus à jour a été adaptée et intégrée de les établissements d’enseignement du l’ACI. Ceci fait conformément à l’ar- façon novatrice dans cette nouvelle carte. Canada. Ces rapports font nettement ticle!5 des statuts de l’ACI, à l’occasion Les articles du présent rapport nous ressortir l’importance et la portée de la de la XXVe Conférence internationale ont été envoyés suite à une invitation à géomatique au Canada, et fournissent sur la cartographie à Paris, France. présenter des communications, et soumis des détails précis démontrant l’am- Intitulé La cartographie au Canada : au rigoureux processus habituel de publica- pleur des sciences géomatiques qui 2007-2011, ce rapport détaillé paraît en tion de Geomatica, soit une évaluation par font partie du travail de nombreux tant que numéro spécial de la publica- les pairs. Les trois articles illustrent l’am- Canadiens. La complexité et la diversité tion trimestrielle canadienne Geomatica pleur thématique du domaine de la géoma- des activités cartographiques et géoma- et il est distribué à tous les membres de tique, qui englobe dans le cas présent la tiques au Canada révèlent à quel point l’Association canadienne des sciences cartographie topographique, la télédétec- ils sont vitaux dans tous les secteurs géomatiques. Ce numéro spécial sera la tion et la création d’atlas en ligne. L’article du gouvernement, de l’industrie et de première parution de Geomatica diffu- de Daniel Clavet, de Ressources naturelles l’enseignement. Ces rapports prou- sée et disponible en ligne sur le site Web Canada, explique l’utilisation novatrice de vent également combien il est difficile de l’ACSG. Tout en introduisant des sources multiples de données, notamment d’imaginer une nation et un monde sans enjeux uniques dans le processus de l’imagerie du satellite RADARSAT-2 du le degré élevé d’intégration des cartes et publication, cela nous a permis de créer Canada, pour produire des cartes topogra- des données que nous utilisons et expé- un document de qualité supérieure, faci- phiques du nord du Canada. D’ici 2012, le rimentons chaque jour actuellement. lement accessible, pleine couleur. Ce projet CartoNord aura atteint son objectif La présente publication représente rapport existe grâce à la contribution de d’effectuer une couverture complète de tout un effort d’équipe, et nous souhaitons plus de 50 spécialistes des sciences géo- le nord du Canada à l’échelle de 1/50!000. remercier sincèrement les personnes qui matiques du Canada et tient compte du L’imagerie RADARSAT est aussi au cœur ont consacré leur temps et leurs énergies niveau élevé d’activités dans ce secteur de l’article de Gangyao Kuang, Jonathan Li à sa préparation, dont les auteurs qui ont au Canada, dans les gouvernements, et Zhiguo He. Ils calculent et testent un présenté des articles et les personnes, l’industrie et l’éducation. algorithme haut de gamme de détection des non mentionnées, mais tout aussi Le rapport national du Canada se contours, permettant une détection exacte importantes, qui ont évalué ces articles. veut également un recueil d’articles des plans d’eau à partir d’images RSO avec Nous offrons nos remerciements par- évalués par des pairs et de rapports bruits de chatoiement élevés. Enfin, la ticuliers à Carol Railer, gestionnaire de sur les activités des organismes ayant contribution de Glenn Brauen, Stephanie la production de Geomatica, pour son un mandat géomatique, ce qui, de Pyne, Amos Hayes, J.P. Fiset et D.R. infinie patience et ses conseils tout au concert, met en valeur les réalisations Taylor, une équipe de recherche pluridisci- long de la compilation ainsi qu’à Jean cartographiques du Canada au cours plinaire du centre de recherche en géoma- Thie, rédacteur en chef. des cinq dernières années. La couver- tique et en cartographie de l’Université Nous nous réjouissons de participer ture du rapport présente la carte pri- Carleton, a mis en valeur la conception à la XXVe Conférence internationale sur mée de la région circumpolaire-Nord graphique d’un atlas Web préparé avec un la cartographie, qui doit commencer en et a été produite en 2008 par l’Atlas logiciel en libre accès. Centré sur le pro- juillet 2011 à Paris, France. Les organi- du Canada, Direction de l’information cessus de relations pour le traité du lac sateurs ont prévu un programme stimu- cartographique, Ressources naturelles Huron, l’atlas représente un outil unique lant et diversifié, merci pour leurs efforts Canada. La carte incorpore une quan- permettant d’exprimer les géonarrations ou remarquables au comité organisateur tité importante de nouvelles données les histoires racontées grâce aux cartes. local, au Comité scientifique internatio- pour toutes les entités cartogra- Ce numéro comprend aussi les rap- nal, au Comité scientifique français et phiques. L’imagerie MODIS de la ports sommaires sur les initiatives carto- au Comité directeur de l’ACI. J

8 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 G E O M A T I C A

NEW DATA SOURCES FOR COMPLETING NATIONAL TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF NORTHERN CANADA AT 1:50,000

Daniel Clavet, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information

Complete topographic mapping coverage of Canada is essential as a basis for the sustainable develop- ment of its resources. In 2000, the unmapped areas at a scale of 1:50,000 in the Arctic islands in Nunavut and the Northwest Territories, amount to over 800,000 square kilometres, equivalent to approximately 1,500 map sheets. In 2003, a northern mapping project was launched to complete the topographic map cov- erage in Northern Canada. In order to explore all possible scenarios, the Centre for Topographic Information – Sherbrooke (CTIS) worked closely with the Canadian Space Agency and the private sector on various feasibility tests. After investigating multiple data sources, the combination of existing aerial pho- tography, LANDSAT 7 ETM+, SPOT5/HRS imagery, interferometric pairs of ERS 1-2 tandem and RADARSAT-2 imagery were chosen for planimetric data and Canadian Digital Elevation Data (CDED) acquisition. In 2004, mapping contracts were carried out on a test site and positive results from these tests initiated the production of the unmapped areas of Canada. The planimetric vector data are available on the Daniel Clavet GeoGratis Web portal and the CDED data sets are available on the GeoBase Web portal. La cartographie topographique complète du territoire canadien est essentielle pour le développement durable des ressources, car elle assure une géoréférence de base. En 2000, les régions non cartographiées à l’échelle de 1/50 000 dans les îles de l’Arctique au Nunavut et aux Territoires du Nord-Ouest couvraient plus de 800 000 kilomètres carrés, soit environ 1 500 feuillets cartographiques. En 2003, un projet de car- tographie topographique du Nord canadien a été initié afin de compléter la couverture cartographique. Différentes technologies satellitales et scénarios de production ont été investigués par le Centre d’infor- mation topographique – Sherbrooke (CIT-S) en collaboration avec l’Agence spatiale canadienne et l’in- dustrie privée pour effectuer des tests de faisabilité. Après avoir testé plusieurs sources de données, des combinaisons de photographies aériennes, d’images des satellites LANDSAT 7 ETM+, SPOT5/HRS, de paires interférométriques ERS1-2 et d’images RADARSAT-2 ont été retenues pour l’acquisition de données planimétriques et altimétriques. En 2004, des contrats de production expérimentale ont été émis sur un site test et les résultats positifs de ces travaux ont permis de débuter la production des zones non cartographiées du Canada. Les données planimétriques vectorielles sont disponibles sur le portail Web GéoGratis et les Données numériques d’élévation du Canada (DNEC) sont disponibles sur le portail Web GéoBase. Introduction Unmapped Areas of Canada

The Centre for Topographic Information pro- which the CartoNord project was launched. The duces and maintains topographic data for Canada at essential thrust was to develop the capabilities for scales of 1:250,000 and 1:50,000. While the gathering digital topographic data at the scale of 1:250,000 scale coverage was completed in 1970 1:50,000 in northern Canada. [Sebert 1970], the 1:50,000 scale map production Mapping this area is a big challenge. It is a was stalled in the late nineties, leaving a large por- remote territory with limited access and a short tion of northern Canada unmapped. Complete topo- summer season, complicating access to quality graphic mapping coverage of Canada’s North is checkpoints. The summer length is a critical factor essential as a basis for the sustainable development as it’s difficult to identify terrain features under of its resources. The unmapped areas, as of 2003, in snow cover. Cloud cover is also an important fac- the Nunavut and the Northwest Territories amount to tor, as the main data sources are aerial or optical over 800,000 square kilometres, equivalent to almost satellites images. The terrain is also variable from 1,500 map tiles (Figure 1). This is the context in GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 pp. 9 to 14 G E O M A T I C A

DETECTING WATER BODIES ON RADARSAT IMAGERY

Gangyao Kuang, and Zhiguo He, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, China Jonathan Li, Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario

This paper presents a novel geodesic active contour (GAC) model based on an edge detector for rapid detection of water bodies from spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery with high speckle noise. The original edge indicator function based on gradients is replaced by an edge indicator function based on the ratio of exponentially weighted averages (ROEWA) operator. Thus, the capability of edge detection and the accuracy of locating edges are greatly improved, which makes the model more appropriate for SAR images. In addition, an enhancing term is added to the original model’s energy function in order to boost the strength for the contour’s evolution. An unconditionally stable additive operator splitting (AOS) scheme and a fast algorithm for re-initialization of the level set function are adopted, which not only enhances the model’s stability, but also speeds up the model’s convergence remarkably. The experimental results on sim- ulated and real RADARSAT-1/-2 images show its efficiency and accuracy. Cet article présente un nouveau modèle de contour actif géodésique (GAC, de l’anglais geodesic active Gangyao Kuang contour) fondé sur un détecteur de contours pour détection rapide des plans d’eau à partir d’images radar à synthèse d’ouverture (RSO) spatioporté avec bruits de chatoiement élevés. La fonction originale d’indicateur de contours fondée sur les gradients est remplacée par une fonction d’indicateur de contours fondée sur le rapport d’un opérateur de moyennes pondérées de façon exponentielle (ROEWA). Par conséquent, la capa- cité de détection des contours et l’exactitude des contours localisés sont grandement améliorées, ce qui rend le modèle plus adéquat pour les images RSO. De plus, une modalité d’amélioration s’ajoute à la fonction d’énergie du modèle original dans le but de renforcir la puissance de l’évolution des contours. On a adopté un scénario de séparation d’opérateur additif (SOA) inconditionnellement stable et un algorithme rapide pour la réinitialisation des surfaces de niveau, ce qui non seulement améliore la stabilité du modèle, mais accélère aussi la convergence du modèle de façon remarquable. Les résultats expérimentaux sur des images simulées et réelles RADARSAT-1/-2 démontrent son efficience et son exactitude.

Jonathan Li 1. Introduction [email protected]

Water resources play an important role in envi- tion the cloud penetration capabilities that are funda- ronmental, transportation and regional planning, mental when mapping transient waters typically disaster management, industrial and agricultural associated to rainy periods. However, speckle noise production. Detecting water bodies is the first step usually occurs in SAR images due to the nature of for any planning, especially for Ontario, Canada, coherent imaging. It makes feature extraction from where the land-cover is dominated by water bodies. SAR image much more difficult than that from opti- Earth observation data, including spaceborne syn- cal imagery. In order to eliminate the speckle effects, thetic aperture radar (SAR) images, when used a significant research effort has been devoted to the jointly with in situ data, can provide an essential design of effective segmentation methods over last contribution for the creation of inventories of surface few decades. Among them, four types of the seg- Zhiguo He water resources, the extraction of thematic maps rel- mentation methods have been commonly used, evant for hydrogeographical studies and models namely, the edge-based scheme [Oliver et al. 1996; (e.g., land cover, surface geomorphology) or for the Collins and Kopp 2008], the Markov random field retrieval of (bio)geographical parameters (e.g., water (MRF) model [Fjortoft et al. 2003], level set theory quality and temperature, soil moisture) [Shultz and [Shu et al. 2010], and the region merging / region Engman 2000]. SAR data are suitable for mapping growing family of methods [Cook et al. 1994]. The water bodies, as the signal is principally sensitive to edge-based scheme aims to find transitions between moisture and to surface roughness. These data can be uniform areas, rather than directly identifying them. preferred to optical imagery taking into considera- GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011, pp. 15 to 25 G E O M A T I C A

ENCOURAGING TRANSDISCIPLINARY PARTICIPATION USING AN OPEN SOURCE CYBERCARTOGRAPHIC TOOLKIT: THE ATLAS OF THE LAKE HURON TREATY RELATIONSHIP PROCESS Glenn Brauen, Stephanie Pyne, Amos Hayes, Jean-Pierre Fiset and D.R. Fraser Taylor, Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Digital web atlases can incorporate perspectives derived from diverse participants or communities to Glenn Brauen create and present narratives using qualitative and quantitative information structured around a set of maps as organizational and analytical tools. Development of such an atlas requires a transdisciplinary team to contend with complexity in subject matter, technologies, and project dynamics. Technologies required are potentially as much an obstacle to some potential participants as they may be necessary to the fulfilment of a project’s outreach and communication goals. This paper describes the Cybercartographic Atlas of the Lake Huron Treaty Relationship Process, the open source atlas toolkit used to implement it, and features of the toolkit that are intended to encourage transdisciplinary participation. The discussion explicitly address- es issues related to the iterative processes, at multiple scales, required to develop atlas projects within an academic research setting while using and creating open source software.

Les atlas Web numériques peuvent incorporer les points de vue issus de divers participants ou commu- Stephanie Pyne nautés, afin de créer et de présenter des narrations comprenant des renseignements qualitatifs et quantitatifs structurés à partir d’un ensemble de cartes servant d’outils organisationnels et analytiques. La préparation d’un tel atlas requiert une équipe multidisciplinaire pour soutenir la complexité des éléments essentiels, des technologies et des dynamiques de projet. Les technologies requises représentent tant un obstacle en puis- sance pour certains participants éventuels qu’elles peuvent s’avérer nécessaires à l’accomplissement de la diffusion et des objectifs de communication d’un projet. Le présent article décrit le processus et les relations à l'implantation de l’atlas cybercartographique pour le traité du lac Huron, la trousse d'atlas, qui est un logiciel libre, utilisée pour sa mis-en-œuvre et les caractéristiques de la trousse qui sont destinées à favoriser la participation pluridisciplinaire. La discussion traite explicitement des questions relatives aux processus Amos Hayes itératifs à des échelles multiples qui sont indispensables pour élaborer des projets d’atlas dans un cadre de recherche universitaire tout en utilisant et en créant un logiciel libre.

Introduction

An atlas, containing an organized selection of navigational, political, cultural, economic, social, or maps [Wood 1987], can be an excellent medium for various combinations of these. In recent years, criti- conveying a range of perspectives on the many cal approaches to cartography [Wood and Fels 1986; Jean-Pierre Fiset aspects of a topic, issue or theme. Conventional Harley 1989; Pickles 1995; Crampton and Krygier atlases have historically focused their central themes 2005] have considered the political nature of maps around particular places or regions, such as cities or and have looked at mapping as a process [Turnbull towns, provinces or states, nations or continents. The 2007], both in terms of the design and development various maps in an atlas may highlight different of maps and in terms of their use. These approaches types of ‘information.’ For example, they may draw have attended to information that historically has attention, through the use of map ordering and the been omitted from conventional—often colonial— relations established between themes by the atlas maps and atlases and have expanded the scope of narrative, to one or more of the following dimen- possible map themes to include all manner of social D.R. Fraser Taylor sions that make up a ‘place’: geophysical, weather, GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 pp. 27 to 45 CANADIAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR THE ICA

Janet E. Mersey, Chair

Canada’s membership in the Delegate—Janet E. Mersey •To prepare for each quadrennial International Cartographic Association • Canadian Cartographic Association ICA General Assembly and is held by the Canadian Institute of (CCA)—Roger Wheate International Technical Conference Geomatics (CIG), Canada’s oldest • Association of Canadian Map by: surveying and mapping organization. Librarians and Archives (ACMLA)— Founded in 1882, and originally Colleen Beard a. Publishing a national report known as the Canadian Institute of • Deputy Delegate to the ICA—Eric covering government and Surveying, the CIG has a broad man- Kramers non-government mapping date to represent all the diverse aspects • Coordinator for the International Map activities, cartographic edu- of geomatics in Canada, including Exhibition—Dan Duda cation, technological devel- surveying, charting, remote sensing, • Coordinator for the Children’s Map opments (including geo- navigation, geographic information Competition—Karen Van Kerkoerle graphic information sys- systems, and cartography. tems), cartographic litera- Recognizing that there exist within The Chair of the Canadian National ture, activities of profession- Canada other national associations with Committee for the ICA has a four-year term al societies, and special interests in geomatics, notably the of office coinciding with the time between activities of interest; Canadian Cartographic Association ICA General Assemblies. According to pro- b. Identifying key issues which (CCA) and the Association of Canadian cedures outlined in the MOU, the Chair is will be discussed and voted Map Librarians and Archives nominated by the Canadian Cartographic on at the General Assembly, (ACMLA), the Canadian Institute of Association and ratified by the Canadian and preparing a Canadian Geomatics formed the Canadian Institute of Geomatics. Clifford Wood held position on these issues; National Committee (CNC) for the this position from 1987-1991, Norman c. Considering the nomination International Cartographic Association. Drummond from 1991-1995, Peter Keller of Canadians for executive As defined in a Memorandum of from 1995-2003, and Janet Mersey from positions and, if appropriate, Understanding (MOU) between the 2003-2011. encouraging such individu- CIG and the CCA, the CNC is chaired The mandate of the Canadian als to stand for election at by a CIG member who also serves as National Committee, articulated in the the General Assembly; the Technical Councillor for cartogra- Terms of Reference document, includes d. Ensuring that high-quality phy on the CIG executive. Membership the following: technical papers are pre- of the CNC, as described in a 2007 pared by Canadian authors revision to the original 1993 MOU, •To represent the Canadian cartographic for presentation at the includes a representative from the CIG, community internationally through International Technical CCA and ACMLA, along with three Canada’s membership in the Conference and publication other members who coordinate ICA International Cartographic Association; in the conference proceed- activities such as the National reports, •To review and develop a national posi- ings; and Canada’s contribution to the tion on administrative and cartograph- e. Providing a national exhibit International Map Exhibition and the ic matters relevant to the International illustrating advances in Children’s Map Competition. The CNC Cartographic Association; Canadian cartography by is currently made up with representation •To ensure that Canada is appropriately displaying representative as follows: represented on ICA standing commis- maps, charts, atlases and sions, ad hoc commissions, working other cartographic develop- • Canadian Institute of Geomatics groups, joint inter-associations work- ments since the previous (CIG) and Principal ICA ing groups, and committees; conference, and

46 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 • To encourage Canadian participa- Working Group on Art and Cartography Competition were organized by Karen tion in support of ICA education- Co-Chair: Sébastien Caquard Van Kerkoerle, while entries to the al seminars, publication of carto- (Concordia University) International Map Exhibition were graphic texts, and similar special coordinated by Dan Duda. The projects. Canadian exhibit consisted of 14 paper maps and 3 atlases, which were also The national committee normally A proposal will be put forward in displayed at the 2010 Canadian holds an annual meeting in conjunction Paris for the creation of a new Cartographic Association Conference with the conference of the Canadian Commission on Art and Cartography to be in Regina, Saskatchewan. Two of our Cartographic Association. This term, chaired by Sébastien Caquard. entries merited ICA awards. meetings were chaired by Janet Mersey Canadians made a strong contribution Congratulations to the cartographers at in Vancouver, British Columbia (2008), to the technical program of the 2009 ICA NRCan for their striking circular map Wolfville, Nova Scotia (2009), and conference in Santiago, Chile. Among the of the circumpolar region entitled Regina, Saskatchewan (2010); the next presenters from Canada were Yvan Désy International Polar Year (selected for meeting is planned for Calgary, (NRCan), Jonathan Li (Univ. of the cover of this national report). The Alberta, in June 2011. Waterloo), D.R. Fraser Taylor (Carleton map was awarded first place in the Canadians continue to be actively Univ), Eric Kramers (NRCan), Janet Thematic Map Category. In the Maps involved in ICA activities, both Mersey (Univ. of Guelph), Hansgeog based on Satellite Imagery category, a through serving on ICA commissions Schlichtmann (Univ. of Regina), map from the North American and working groups, and by preparing Jacqueline Anderson (Concordia Univ.), Environmental Atlas, Land Use 2005, national submissions for ICA confer- Douglas Hagedorn (Univ. of Calgary), was awarded second place. The map is ences. Positions currently held by Daniel Jacobson (Univ. of Calgary), the result of a multinational mapping Canadians on ICA Commissions and Sébastien Caquard (Concordia Univ.), partnership among Canada, Mexico Working Groups include: Songnian Li (Ryerson Univ.), and and the United States. Thanks to both Nicholas Chrisman (Université Laval). A Karen and Dan for their efforts in Commission on Maps and Graphics special highlight for the Canadian delega- preparing these entries. for Blind and Partially Sighted People tion was the splendidly illustrated presen- The ICA General Assembly in Chair: Dan Jacobson (University tation by Helen Kerfoot, an Emeritus Paris marks the end of my term as of Calgary) Scientist with NRCan. Currently serving Chair of the CNC. I am grateful to the Commission on Mapping from as Chair of the United Nations Group of CIG and the ICA for providing the Satellite Imagery Experts on Geographical Names, Kerfoot opportunity to represent Canada’s car- Vice-Chair: Jonathan Li, (University is a leading scholar in the field of geo- tographic community at the interna- of Waterloo) graphic toponymy who has been particu- tional level. It is always a pleasure to Commission on Theoretical Cartography larly concerned with the standardization of participate in ICA congresses and tech- Vice-Chair: Yaïves Ferland (Defence indigenous place names and the protection nical programs, and I look forward to R&D Canada) of cultural heritage. the exciting and diverse program Commission on Use and User Issues Canadian entries to the 2009 Barbara planned for the ICA meeting in Paris in Vice-Chair: Eric Kramers (NRCan) Petchenik Children’s World Map July 2011. J

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Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 47 Federal Government Activities 2007-2011 Activités du gouvernement fédéral 2007-2011

Agriculture and The external Web portal provides geospatial products and services such as Agri-Food Canada web-based interactive maps, planning tools, and integrated geospatial data on Agri-Geomatics, at Agriculture land use, soil, water, climate and biodiver- Indicators (AEI) web map product and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), now sity. Using interoperable Geographic (http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/aei). The AEI has an enterprise geomatics system Information System (GIS) technology, the application allows users to interac- that provides access to an external Web portal brings together data from dispersed tively explore, and compare, a suite of portal (i.e. http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/) and sources. It also provides expert help in ten agri-environmental indicators of an internal Geospatial Discovery applying and interpreting the information. agri-environmental interactions and Portal. Hosted by the new Agri- There are a number of geographic applica- risk between 1981 and 2006, allowing Geomatics Service (AGS), the enter- tions and downloadable datasets available various calculations like annual com- prise system was created to provide over the Internet in Canada’s two official parisons and changes over time. This information and support for improved languages. Many organizations have con- type of analysis is very useful for decision-making and risk manage- tributed to these data and applications, understanding the impact of policies ment, better agricultural policies, resulting in greater value for all users. and programs. One of the newest enhanced innovation and discovery, The Web portal has a wide range of tools, the Biomass Inventory and improved public awareness. interactive maps. These maps provide an Mapping and Analysis Tool (BIMAT, AGS builds upon the processes effective way to visualize and explore the http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/bimat), was and infrastructure put in place by the data created and/or maintained by AAFC developed to broaden our knowledge National Land and Water Information and its collaborators. Some compilations about the availability of Canadian Service (NLWIS) Major Crown have broad public appeal, such as the residual biomass as a renewable Project which was successfully com- Plant Hardiness Zones of Canada resource substitute for petroleum- pleted on March 31, 2009. AGS also (http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/phz; a joint initia- based fuels and for other industrial provides expertise on activities such tive with Natural Resources Canada) that processes. Users of the tool can make as geospatial data management, is useful for landowners to select shelter- well-informed decisions based on geospatial analytical services, licens- belt species for planting. Others are spatially explicit information that ing and partnership negotiations, and important components of policy-oriented presents a comprehensive view of training to AAFC resources. programs such as the Agri-Environmental biomass quantity and opportunity in

48 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Canada. This tool has already been •Crop Condition Assessment Programphiques et de jeux de données télé- used by the biomass industry to refine (CCAP) chargeables se trouvent dans Internet their business plans based on the vol- •Drought Watch Interactive Mapping dans les deux langues officielles du ume and sustainability of biomass •Manitoba Riparian Health Canada. De nombreux organismes ont available at any given location. •National Ecological Framework forcontribué à l’élaboration de ces don- The enterprise system also hosts Canada nées et de ces applications, ce qui les more than 700 datasets. One example •Plant Hardiness Zones of Canada rend encore plus utiles pour tous les of a publicly available, downloadable •Soils of Canada utilisateurs. dataset is the 2009 Land Cover Le portail Web offre un vaste (http://atlas.agr.gc.ca – choose Data). Dr. Sherman D. Nelson, Director éventail de cartes interactives qui This comprehensive, consistent, and Agri-Environmental Information and fournissent un moyen efficace de detailed dataset has advanced our Decision Support Systems visualiser et d’explorer les données knowledge of agricultural lands; it is Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada créées ou mises à jour par AAC et ses based on modern remote sensing tech- http://www.agr.gc.ca/ collaborateurs. Certaines d’entre elles niques and it is used as a foundation for attirent un vaste public, comme les a diverse set of agri-environmental Agriculture et Zones de rusticité des plantes au models that will form a baseline for Canada (http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/zrp) assessing change into the future. Agroalimentaire Canada (site exploité de concert avec Another newly completed geospatial Ressources naturelles Canada), qui product available to the public is the L’agrogéomatique à Agriculture et sont utiles lorsque les propriétaires Daily 10 km Raster-Gridded Climate Agroalimentaire Canada (AAC) dispose fonciers choisissent des espèces à Dataset for Canada, 1961-2003. This désormais d’un système intégré de géoma- planter comme brise-vent. D’autres dataset provides spatial and temporal tique qui donne accès à un portail Web sont des composantes importantes de variations in precipitation and temper- externe (atlas.agr.gc.ca) et à un portail programmes axés sur les politiques, ature at a daily time-step; it will allow interne de découverte géospatiale. comme le produit de cartes Web des the impacts of extreme events and con- Hébergé dans le nouveau Service d’agro- Indicateurs agroenvironnementaux http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/iae ditions to be better understood, thereby géomatique, le système intégré a été créé (IAE, ). allowing decision-makers to best miti- pour fournir des renseignements et de l’ai- L’application IAE permet aux utilisa- gate harmful impacts and support agri- de qui améliorent la prise de décisions et teurs d’explorer interactivement et de cultural producers to become more la gestion des risques, les politiques agri- comparer 10 indicateurs d’interactions resilient to crop destructive events. coles, l’innovation et la découverte ainsi et de risques agroenvironnementaux, The Agri-Geomatics Service con- que la sensibilisation du public. de 1981 à 2006, et d’effectuer divers tinues the work of NLWIS in sustaining Le Service d’agrogéomatique s’appuie calculs comme des comparaisons entre the enterprise geomatics system sur les processus et l’infrastructure mis en les années et les changements au fil des through the ongoing transformation of place par le Service national d’information ans. Ce type d’analyse est très utile geomatics delivery at AAFC. These sur les terres et les eaux (SNITE), un grand pour comprendre l’incidence des poli- services also provide continual projet de l’État mené à bonne fin le 31 mars tiques et des programmes. L’Outil de enhancements to the portals and 2009. Le Service d’agrogéomatique offre visualisation cartographique et d’ana- increasing availability to our nations’ également de l’expertise en gestion des lyse de l’inventaire de la biomasse data and information. Please share any données géospatiales, en analyse des don- (http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/ocib) est un tout comments or suggestions you may nées géospatiales, en négociation de droits nouveau moyen d’accroître nos have via the “Contact Agri-Geomatics” d’utilisation et de partenariats ainsi qu’en connaissances sur la disponibilité de http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/ page at: formation des ressources d’AAC. biomasse résiduelle canadienne en Interactive mapping Le portail Web externe fournit des tant que ressource renouvelable de remplacement des hydrocarbures et applications available at: produits et services en matière géospatia- le, comme des cartes interactives, des d’autres processus industriels. Les http://atlas.agr.gc.ca/ outils de planification et des données géo- utilisateurs de l’outil peuvent prendre •Agri-Environmental Indicators spatiales intégrées sur l’utilisation des des décisions éclairées fondées sur de •Agro-Pedological Atlas of Southterres, le sol, l’eau, le climat et la biodi- l’information spatialement explicite Eastern Montreal Plain, Quebec versité. Il vise à regrouper des données de qui donne une vue complète de la •Biomass Inventory Mapping andsources disparates au moyen de la techno- quantité et de la disponibilité de bio- Analysis Tool logie interopérable des Systèmes d’infor- masse au Canada. Le secteur de la •Canada Land Inventorymation géographique (SIG). En outre, il biomasse s’est servi de cet outil pour (Agriculture) Data Download fournit une aide d’expert aux fins d’appli- adapter ses plans d’affaires en fonction •Canadian Census of Agriculture—cation et d’interprétation de l’information. du volume et de la disponibilité de la 2006 Map Series Un certain nombre d’applications géogra- biomasse dans un lieu donné.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 49 Le système intégré contient éga- • Manitoba Riparian Health butions to the International Marine lement plus de 700 jeux de données • Outil cartographique d’inventaire de Organization (IMO) in the develop- dont le jeu de données publiquement la biomasse ment of e-Navigation systems are an téléchargeable intitulé Couverture du • Programme d’évaluation de l’état des integral part. sol 2009 (http://atlas.agr.gc.ca – choi- cultures Canada ratified the United Nations sissez Données). Cette carte complète, •Recensement de l’agriculture duConvention on the Law of the Sea cohérente et détaillée fait avancer les Canada! - Série cartographique de (UNCLOS) in 2003 and thus has until connaissances sur les terres agricoles, 2006 2013 to make its submission to the repose sur des techniques de télédé- •Zones de rusticité des plantes duUnited Nations Commission on the tection modernes et sert de fondement à Canada Limits of the Continental Shelf diverses modélisations agroenvironne- (CLCS) to extend its jurisdiction over mentales qui deviendront la référence Dr. Sherman D. Nelson, Directeur the resources on or below the seabed pour évaluer les changements à venir. Systèmes d’aide aux décisions pour les beyond 200 nautical miles to the outer Le Jeu de données climatiques quoti- services d’information agroenvironnementale limits of the continental shelf. The diennes rastrées à maille de 10!km pour Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada CHS is part of the Canadian team along le Canada de 1961!à!2003 est un autre http://www.agr.gc.ca/ with Natural Resources Canada produit de renseignements géospatiaux (NRCan), the Department of Foreign nouvellement offert au public. Affairs and International Trade who are Fournissant les variations spatiales et all working together towards this effort temporelles quotidiennes des précipita- and are responsible for the bathymetric tions et des températures, il servira à component of the submission. mieux comprendre les répercussions Canadian During the 2007-2010 period the des événements et des conditions CHS also provided data and expertise extrêmes. Aussi permettra-t-il aux déci- Hydrographic Service in the delineation of international deurs de trouver la meilleure façon d’en boundaries, dispute settlement and atténuer les effets néfastes et d’aider les The Canadian Hydrographic Service legal cases not related to UNCLOS. producteurs agricoles à s’adapter aux (CHS) contributes to the Government of From west to east to north, the événements qui détruisent les cultures. Canada’s priorities of sovereignty and safety in CHS has worked to increase safe nav- Le Service d’agrogéomatique Canadian waters and participates in research as igation and aid the economic devel- poursuit la mission du SNITE qui the authoritative source for hydrography and opment of coastal communities. consiste à soutenir le système intégré marine cartography in Canada. Hydrographic surveys in the de géomatique grâce à la transforma- The CHS offers mariners a suite of Canadian Arctic including tion permanente de la diffusion de la papers as well as BSB-format Raster Pangnirtung, Cumberland Sound, géomatique à AAC, aux améliorations Navigational Charts and Electronic Resolute, Arctic Bay and Nanisivik, continuelles des portails et à l’accessi- Navigational Charts (ENCs) in the interna- were all conducted to support the bilité grandissante aux données et à tional S-57 standard through a network of design and construction of new har- l’information. Veuillez nous faire part dealers worldwide. ENCs combined with bours and ports as well as to update de tout commentaire ou de toute sug- GPS, radar, ship course, speed and draught nautical charts for existing facilities. gestion à la page « Contactez-nous » data make a powerful Electronic Chart The CHS also conducted collab- du site!: atlas.agr.gc.ca. Display and Information System (ECDIS) orative surveys to support potential enabling mariners to fix a ship’s position oil and gas development on the Applications de cartogra- accurately and be alerted of hazards instantly. Makkovik Bank, off the coast of phie interactive disponibles The CHS also licenses data to value- Labrador. Additional surveys were undertaken to chart safe routes from à http://atlas.agr.gc.ca added-resellers so that innovative products can be generated for use with electronic the Newfoundland communities of •Atlas agropédologique du sud-estchart systems, chart plotters, and devices Ramea and Francois to the Penguin de la plaine de Montréal, Québec such as the Blackberry, iPhone and iPad are Islands for the resupply of the light • Cadre écologique national pour available as additional aids to navigation. e- station, for tourism navigation, and in le Canada Navigation, the harmonized collection, aid of search and rescue missions. • Cartographie interactive pour la integration, exchange and presentation of In the waters around Kitimat, B.C. surveillance de la sécheresse maritime information onboard and ashore between 2006-2009 the CHS resur- •Indicateurs agroenvironnemen-by electronic means to enhance berth to veyed the waters encompassing the taux berth navigation and related services, northern end of the main channel into •Inventaire des terres du Canadapromises to deliver improved navigational Kitimat (Douglas Channel) and sub- en agriculture safety and security at sea and protection of sidiary channels (Devastation, Loretta •Les sols du Canada the marine environment. The CHS contri- and Sue channels, Verney Passage).

50 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 The multibeam imaging of the Defence Geomatics Technicians for CF requirements. sea bottom and the water column can Troop number 1 holds all of the provide useful information for inte- deployable geomatics support capa- grated management of the aquatic Since the last Defence Geomatics bility of MCE and focuses on provid- Geomatica ecosystem. The CHS personnel with update in in 2007, the Mapping ing timely geomatics products and NRCan Earth Sciences staff received and Charting Establishment (MCE) has advice to commanders and troops on a “Federal Partners in Technology focused on providing geospatial support to military operations. Troop number 2 Transfer Award” in 2008 for their the Canadian Forces (CF) both domestical- is responsible for all survey tasks, expertise in applying the technology ly and internationally. The CF’s geomatics both terrestrial and aerial. It has been into practical situations related to resources have been strained by increased involved in three successive and very fisheries. Focused initially on hydrog- operational commitments with the contin- successful aerial data collection mis- raphy the fishing industry also adopt- uation of OPERATION (OP) ATHENA in sions over Afghanistan, aimed at pro- ed the software that generates digital Afghanistan, OP HESTIA in Haiti, OP viding current and accurate high-reso- seafloor maps from multi-beam sonar PODIUM (support to the Vancouver lution colour-imagery of the entire data to target key species and reduce Olympic 2010 games) and many other area of operations as it evolved. Since operating costs and the area of international and national operations. All 2008 the squadron’s resources have seafloor trawled. technical expertise within the Geomatics been stretched very thin with the con- The CHS collaborates with other Technician trade has been exploited, tinuous support of five to ten maritime countries through the interna- including very challenging and rewarding Geomatics Technicians in tional Maritime Organization (IMO) aerial survey missions over Afghanistan. Afghanistan, OP ATHENA; the 2010 and International Hydrographic With increased numbers of Geomatics Winter Olympics, OP PODIUM; vari- Organization (IHO) to influence the Technicians graduating from the School of ous high-level meetings such as the global policies on navigation to ensure Military Mapping (where they undergo a G8/G20 with the RCMP; the evacua- the establishment of and adherence to technically challenging 20-month initial tion of Canadian citizens in Lebanon, international standards and to benefit training course delivered in partnership OP LION; the earthquake in Haiti, OP from economies of scale through with Algonquin College in Ottawa) the HESTIA; many other lower-key oper- knowledge sharing. The CHS was a Geospatial Technicians’ trade has also ations; and continuing support to very early adopter of a Quality seen a significant increase in its force gen- many national military training venues Management System to meet and eration capabilities. This now enables and planning requirements. maintain the requirements of the IS0 Geomatics Support Teams located outside Digital Production Squadron (DP 9001: 2000 international quality man- of Ottawa, primarily situated in the army Sqn) is a base plant organization pri- agement standards. The benefits brigades, to be self-sufficient with their marily manned by civilian personnel. include improved operational efficien- force generation needs for deployed oper- This squadron’s role is to focus on the cy and quality of products and services. ations and support to domestic operations longer-term mapping requirements of In summary, the CHS with its within the control of their area headquar- the CF and its partners and allies, four pillars supporting navigation, ters. MCE has also developed web- notably through multinational agree- natural hazards preparedness and enabled services that are progressively ments. One of the keystone projects, response, boundary delineation and reinventing the way geographic data and the Multinational Geospatial Co-pro- sustainable ecosystem, plays a very products are provided to its customers. duction Program (MGCP), has contin- important role in the management of The general structure of MCE has not ued since its launch to provide world- Canada’s aquatic environment and to changed significantly since 2007. The unit wide mapping coverage at scales of support the Canada Shipping Act, the is composed of slightly more than 260 per- 1:50 000 or 1:100 000. It is currently Oceans Act, the Arctic Waters sonnel made up of 120 military and 140 putting Canada at the forefront of the Pollution Prevention Act and the civilians. The primary mandate of MCE initiative through well-defined work- International Convention for the remains to provide timely and relevant flows and outstanding quality manage- Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) to geospatial support to CF operations. This ment. DP Sqn also produces a very which Canada is a signatory. is accomplished through its division into wide array of data products for various five sub-units, namely Geomatics Support users, provides response work for Squadron, Digital Production Squadron, operations, contributes to the Air Force Geospatial Information and Services through high-resolution and high- Squadron, Engineering Section and the accuracy 3-D flight simulator data Kian Fadaie, Ph.D. School of Military Mapping. and runs one of the last government- Director, Hydrography Geomatics Support Squadron (Geo Sp operated large-volume lithographic Canadian Hydrographic Sqn) is organized into two troops and is presses in Canada. Fisheries & Oceans Canada responsible for the training, employment Geospatial Information and http://www.charts.gc.ca and force generation of Geomatics Services Squadron (GI&S Sqn) is

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 51 responsible for the delivery of all geo- Geomatics Technicians course and the Continuous efforts in improving graphic products and data to users Military GI&S Basic course. the level of street attribution in the across the CF, its partners and allies. MCE Headquarters is working fever- NGD has significantly increased the With Hydrographic Services Offices ishly to develop a long-term plan for the number of Named Streets and fully or (HSO) in Halifax and Esquimalt future of MCE as the CF shifts its focus partially addressed road segments acquiring, storing and distributing up- from Afghanistan to reconstitution or other allowing a very high level of geo-ref- to-date maritime geomatics products potential operations. With current plans for erencing rates of electors. to Canada’s Navy, Coast Guard and a CF transformation and a clear intent to Election Canada’s Electoral RCMP, this squadron’s mandate is conduct more military-related activities in Geography Database is also main- extremely wide and covers Canada the High Arctic, it is an exciting time for CF tained on a permanent basis to reflect from coast to coast. This squadron geomatics. Despite any foreseeable, and population movement and growth. It also manages the Canadian Map perhaps unforeseeable, changes in military provides a cartographic representation Depot to acquire, store, maintain and mapping requirements, Canadian Military of Canada’s 308 federal electoral dis- distribute both domestic and foreign Mappers will continue to provide geomat- tricts and is now divided into 64,385 mapping to all its customers. Web- ics support with both exceptional technical polling divisions and regrouped into services under the name GeoLap have knowledge and professionalism. 4,700 advance polling districts fol- also grown to become a primary focus Ostendamus viam—We show the way. lowing our last maintenance cycle of this squadron and consist of an completed in October 2010. online hub for the dissemination of all Major Primeau, CD In spring 2010, the Canadian geographic data and products. With Commandant - School of Military Mapping Council on Geomatics (CCOG) this online tool and various add-ons, Mapping and Charting Establishment approved the standards and datataset users can conduct their own data and Department of National Defence for a new GeoBase layer, Federal products exploration. This capacity http://www.forces.gc.ca Electoral Districts. Information and alone has dramatically increased the data has been available since May squadron’s outreach capability. 2010 on the GeoBase Web Site at Engineering Section (Engr Sect) http://www.geobase.ca/geobase/en/d continues to conduct research and ata/admin/index.html development into new and upcoming With the approach of the 2011 geospatial technology while providing decennial (10-year) census, the data- the services of life cycle management Elections Canada bases are being prepared for use in the for much of the complex geospatial readjustment of electoral district bound- equipment used in the CF. It has suc- The National Geographic Database aries. Representation in Government of cessfully integrated arising technology (NGD), a national street network contain- Canada’s House of Commons is read- within their workflows and influenced ing geographical features developed and justed after each decennial census to the operations in order to stay ahead of maintained jointly by Elections Canada reflect changes and movements in the mesmerizing speed of technologi- and Statistics Canada, has been redesigned Canada’s population in accordance with cal advancements, as illustrated with since our article appeared in Geomatica in the Constitution Act, 1867, and the GeoLap and GeoPDFs. 2007. The redesign now includes Statistics Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act The School of Military Mapping Canada boundaries and basic blocks. The (1985, as amended). Geographic (SMM) has continued to provide data enhancements were focused on Information Systems (GIS) are critical well-adapted institutional training to improving convergence with the GeoBase to the success of readjusting boundaries, Geomatics Technicians within the National Road Network (NRN) layer and also known as redistribution. very formal Canadian Forces other suitable geographic data sets widely Three applications are added to Individual Training and Education used by clients of Elections Canada and the toolset for redistribution purposes: System (CFITES). Having developed Statistics Canada. At this time, British the Commission Redistricting Tool and now implemented a total of five Columbia and major municipalities of (CRT), the Data and Mapping Tools courses ranging in duration from five Ontario have or are in the process of being (DMT) and the Public Web Tool weeks to two years, the School aligned. Thus, the basic geographical (PWT). The CRT is a fully functional enables the development and mainte- framework Elections Canada is using will redistricting application offering the nance of technical knowledge for the become a widely accepted standard facili- ten boundary commissions, with the Geomatics Technicians across the CF. tating the integration of other types of spa- support of Geography specialists from Key to the School’s success is an tial information. In the long term, street Elections Canada, the capability to alternate delivery strategy where network maintenance efforts will be prepare various boundary scenarios Algonquin College assists in the undertaken with a broader number of part- with demographic information. The delivery of the content that was devel- ners as convergence is completed in other DMT focuses on preparing Elections oped for the 20-month QL5A parts of the country. Canada’s geographic data, which is

52 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 currently conditioned for election pur- Geospatial Governance •A Geospatial Data Dissemination poses and providing mapping tools, to Activities Strategy (only available on respond to ad-hoc and redistribution Government of Canada net- mapping activities needed for redistri- Information management is at the core works)—to ensure that bution. The PWT offers the public the of meeting EC’s strategic outcomes, and Departmental geospatial data is capability to view the commission’s the Department has taken steps to ensure easy to publish, and obeys indus- boundary proposals and to respond in that geospatial data and tools are managed try standards that support discov- preparation for public hearings. appropriately. In 2008, an Advisory ery, access and visualization in a Furthermore, during redistribu- Committee on Geospatial Data and Tools consistent and application neutral tion, the GIS must prepare and hold Management (ACGDTM) was created to manner, contributing to the preser- multiple and overlapping scenarios of help with the coordination of the EC vation and enhancement of socie- electoral geography data for the cur- geospatial community and to provide lead- ty, culture and the environment. rent 308 electoral district boundaries ership and recommendations on geospatial •A Geospatial Data Discovery and the 308+ boundaries that will: 1) information management. A Geospatial Strategy (only available on be proposed by the boundary commis- Coordination Office (GCO) was estab- Government of Canada net- sions, 2) appear in the commissions lished within the Information Management works)—to ensure that reports, and 3) form the next repre- Directorate, Chief Information Officer Departmental geospatial resources sentation order. The representation Branch to develop and implement a are discoverable, obey industry order!states the names and defines the roadmap towards effective geospatial data standards and leverage mass mar- electoral districts of Canada that will and tools management. EC’s Geospatial ket approaches in supporting be in effect for a minimum 10-year Data and Tools Management Strategy (only geospatial discovery for all. period until the completion of the available on Government of Canada net- •A Geospatial Publishing redistribution that occurs following works), as well as other geospatial strate- Facility—to provide one-stop, the 2021 census. gies can be found on GCPEDIA. These centralized access to aid strategies provide a roadmap for good gov- Departmental data stewards in Herschell Sax ernance and management of geospatial data publishing their geospatial data Senior Policy Advisor as well as interoperability of geospatial in an easy, efficient and user- Electoral Geography data, services and systems, in order to friendly manner. Elections Canada streamline the geospatial data life cycle. http://www.elections.ca Another driver for strong geospatial governance is the recently endorsed Treasury Software Licence Board of Canada Standard on Geospatial Data (http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc- Consolidation eng.aspx?id=16553§ion=text). Under this standard, government departments must In terms of geospatial tool man- apply the metadata standard (ISO 19115) and agement, the Geospatial Coordination Web Map Server Interface Standard (ISO Office successfully consolidated 19128) to geospatial data by May 2014. EC ESRI licencing across the Department Environment Canada is actively working towards the implementa- to increase efficiency, accessibility tion of these standards, by developing and and decrease cost. One ESRI client implementing several initiatives such as: number was created for the entire Environment Canada (EC) has a •A Geospatial Data Repository—aDepartment, and licences for geospatial community of approximate- shared network drive where geospa- Arc/Info, ArcView and extensions are ly 500 people, actively carrying out tial practitioners can access authorita- now shared from one central licence mapping activities on a day-to-day tive, managed geospatial data collect- server. The Geospatial Coordination basis. These activities contribute to the ed or purchased by EC. Having data Office maintains and monitors the strategic outcomes of EC: ensuring in one central location protects licence server to ensure optimal soft- that Canada’s natural environment is Environment Canada’s investment in ware access for geospatial practition- restored and conserved; equipping geospatial data resources in accor- ers in the Department. This consolida- Canadians to make informed decisions dance with proper Information tion process has reduced the overall on changing weather, water, and cli- Management practices. The goal is to departmental administrative overhead mate conditions; minimizing threats to promote collaboration amongst significantly. The Department is also Canadians and their environment from Environment Canada’s geospatial working towards deploying one cen- pollution; and enabling Canadians to practitioners, while eliminating non- tral Open Source geospatial tool to benefit from responsible development authoritative data sources, duplication address the business needs of its of Mackenzie gas resources. of data and out-of-date data. geospatial practitioners.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 53 Environment Canada increased opportunity to interact with the Web Map Services. EC will continue Geospatial Symposium 2010 data behind the indicators. The data used in to participate on committees such as CESI come from a variety of sources, the Inter-Agency Committee on The Chief Information Officer depending on the indicator. Data are com- Geomatics, the Open Geospatial Branch’s Information Management piled by Environment Canada from numer- Consortium (OGC), and the Canadian (IM) Geospatial Coordination Office ous federal, provincial, territorial, and joint Advisory Committee to ISO Technical (GCO) held a Geospatial Symposium monitoring programs. Other government Committee 211 Geographic on February 9th and 10th, 2010 at the departments, such as Statistics Canada, Information / Geomatics. Improving Canada Centre for Inland Waters in Natural Resources Canada, Health Canada, geospatial information management Burlington, Ontario. The symposium and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, throughout the data lifecycle will con- was an opportunity for a face-to-face provide monitoring, survey and census tinue to be a main goal of meeting of EC’s geospatial communi- data. The CESI report can be found at: Environment Canada over the coming ty, managers, and participants from http://www.ec.gc.ca/indicateurs-indica- years. By streamlining data produc- other government departments to tors. The mapping application can be tion from capture to dissemination, it is facilitate knowledge sharing, network- found at: http://maps-cartes.ec.gc.ca/indi- expected that EC will increase its serv- ing and improvement of geospatial cators-indicateurs. ice to Canadians further. information management. For more information on geospatial The symposium presentations Canadian Information System activities within Environment Canada, highlighted EC’s applied geospatial for Protected Areas (CISPA) please contact the Geospatial activities with common themes such as Coordination Office ([email protected]). data acquisition, building user-friendly Environment Canada’s Canadian applications, and collaboration. Some Wildlife Service (CWS) identifies national- Debbie Pagurek, M.Sc. examples of the presentation topics ly important wildlife habitat whose loss Geospatial Coordination Office include bird surveying, air quality would have a direct impact on the Canadian Chief Information Officer Branch measurements and visualization, water population of one or more wild species. Environment Canada supply studies, data integration for Environment Canada works closely with http://www.ec.gc.ca developing sustainability indicators, other organizations to ensure that regional and global weather prediction these! nationally! important areas! are offi- modeling, and identifying environ- cially protected through its system of mentally sensitive areas for emergency Protected Areas. The Canadian Information preparedness and response. System for Protected Areas (CISPA) is a Environnement The symposium was a huge suc- Web Map Interface for Environment Canada cess and another symposium is Canada’s Protected Areas. The system is planned for Fall 2012. available in a fully accessible version Environnement Canada (EC) http://maps-cartes.ec.gc.ca/cispa- ( compte près de 500! personnes qui sciap/Disclaimer.aspx?lang=en Project Highlights ) and in a œuvrent dans le domaine géospatial et graphical feature-rich version In addition to the internal efforts qui effectuent quotidiennement des tra- (http://maps-cartes.ec.gc.ca/cispa- to govern EC’s geospatial resources vaux de cartographie. Ces activités sciap/flex_bin/main.html). This applica- and foster a collaborative geospatial contribuent aux résultats stratégiques tion allows the visualization of community, there have been several d’EC!: conserver et restaurer l’environ- Environment Canada’s Protected Areas net- project highlights that are available to nement naturel du Canada; doter les work with Canada’s Ecological framework Canadians. Here are some examples: Canadiens des outils nécessaires pour of Ecozones and Ecoregions. Reports can prendre des décisions éclairées sur les be produced by Ecozone, Ecoregion, changements climatiques, l’eau et les Canadian Environmental Protected Area, or by Custom defined area, Sustainability Indicators conditions climatiques; minimiser les which summarize the area in hectares and effets de la pollution sur la population The Canadian Environmental the percentage protected area or et son environnement et lui permettre Sustainability Indicators (CESI) ini- ecozone/ecoregion within the selected area. de bénéficier d’une exploitation res- tiative provides data and information Map views and reports can be printed and ponsable des ressources gazières de la to track Canada’s performance on key exported from the application as well. vallée du Mackenzie. environmental sustainability issues of concern to Canadians: air quality, Conclusion Activités de gouvernance water quality, greenhouse gas emis- Complying with the Treasury Board géospatiale sions, water levels and protected areas. Standard on Geospatial Data will continue A new and improved interactive map- to drive efforts within the Department to La gestion de l’information est un ping application gives users an create ISO 19115 metadata and ISO19128 élément fondamental pour atteindre

54 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 ces résultats stratégiques et le ment aux pratiques appropriées de ges- Symposium géospatial 2010 Ministère veille à ce que les données tion de l’information. On veut ainsi d’Environnement Canada et outils géospatiaux soient gérés favoriser la collaboration entre les spé- convenablement. En 2008, un Comité cialistes du domaine géospatial d’EC Le Bureau de coordination géo- consultatif sur la gestion des données tout en éliminant les sources de don- spatiale (BCG) responsable de gérer et des outils géospatiaux a été mis sur nées moins fiables ou périmées. l’information pour la Direction généra- pied pour faciliter la coordination de •Une stratégie de diffusion des donnéesle du dirigeant principal de l’informa- la communauté géospatiale d’EC et géospatiales (disponible exclusivement tion a organisé un symposium géospa- fournir un encadrement et des recom- sur les réseaux du gouvernement du tial les 9 et 10!février 2010 au Centre mandations sur la gestion de l’infor- Canada)!: pour que les données géospa- canadien des eaux intérieures de mation géospatiale. Un Bureau de tiales du Ministère puissent être facile- Burlington, en Ontario. Le symposium coordination géospatiale (BCG) a été ment publiées et qu’elles obéissent aux a permis aux membres de la commu- mis sur pied au sein de la Direction de normes de l’industrie sur la découverte, nauté géospatiale et aux gestionnaires la gestion de l’information, Direction l’accès et la visualisation de façon d’EC, tout comme aux participants générale du dirigeant principal de cohérente et objective et contribuant d’autres ministères, de se rencontrer, l’information pour créer et mettre en ainsi à la préservation et à l’améliora- d’échanger, d’établir des liens et de œuvre une feuille de route favorisant tion de notre société, de notre culture et chercher comment gérer plus efficace- une gestion efficace des données et de notre environnement. ment l’information géospatiale. des outils géospatiaux. On en trouve • Une stratégie de découverte des don- Les présentations du Symposium les stratégies sur GCPEDIA (dispo- nées géospatiales (disponible exclusi- ont mis en lumière les activités géospa- nible exclusivement sur les réseaux vement sur les réseaux du gouverne- tiales d’EC s’articulant autour de du gouvernement du Canada) ainsi ment du Canada)! : pour que les res- thèmes communs, par exemple l’acqui- que d’autres stratégies liées au domai- sources géospatiales du Ministère sition de données, le développement ne géospatial. Ces stratégies établis- soient identifiables, qu’elles respec- d’applications conviviales et la colla- sent une feuille de route de saine gou- tent les normes de l’industrie et boration. Quelques exemples utilisés vernance et de gestion des données qu’elles s’appuient sur des approches pour les présentations incluaient des géospatiales et assurent l’interopéra- du marché de masse en étant mises à recensements d’oiseaux, des mesures bilité des données, services et sys- la disponibilité de tous. et la visualisation de la qualité de l’air, tèmes géospatiaux afin de rationaliser •Un centre de publication des donnéesdes études sur les réserves d’eau, l’in- le cycle de vie de ces données. géospatiales : qui permettra au tégration de données afin de concevoir La norme sur les données géospa- Ministère de les administrer efficace- des indicateurs de durabilité, la modéli- tiales (http://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc- ment, facilement et de façon conviviale. sation prédictive du climat planétaire et fra.aspx?id=16553§ion=text), la détermination des zones environne- récemment endossée par le Conseil du Regroupement des licences mentales les plus sensibles afin de Trésor du Canada, est également un de logiciel développer des préparatifs et des outil fondamental de saine gestion. En mesures d’intervention d’urgence. En ce qui a trait à la gestion des outils Le symposium a connu un grand vertu de cette norme, d’ici mai 2014 les géospatiaux, le Bureau de coordination ministères fédéraux doivent appliquer succès; un autre est prévu pour l’au- géospatiale a regroupé les licences d’ESRI tomne 2012. aux données géospatiales la norme de tout le Ministère afin d’accroître l’effi- ISO! 19115 sur les métadonnées et la cacité et la disponibilité du service tout en Coup d’œil sur certains norme ISO! 19128 sur l’interface de en réduisant les coûts. Un numéro de carte du serveur Web. EC travaille acti- client ESRI a été créé pour l’ensemble du projets vement à mettre ces normes en œuvre Ministère et les licences pour Arc/Info, Outre les efforts internes déployés en concevant et en appliquant diverses ArcView et toutes les extensions sont par EC pour mieux gérer ses ressources initiatives, notamment : dorénavant partagées à partir d’un serveur géospatiales et favoriser le développe- de licences central. Le Bureau de coordi- ment d’une communauté géospatiale •Un entrepôt de données géospa-nation géospatiale entretient et contrôle le participative, plusieurs autres projets tiales! : disque réseau partagé où serveur de licences afin d’offrir le meilleur sont mis à la disposition de la popula- les spécialistes du domaine pour- accès possible aux spécialistes en données tion. En voici quelques-uns!: ront consulter des données géo- géospatiales du Ministère. Ce regroupe- spatiales fiables qui ont été collec- ment a permis de réduire sensiblement les Indicateurs canadiens de tées ou achetées par EC. En frais ministériels généraux. Le Ministère durabilité de regroupant toutes les données au travaille également à mettre en œuvre un même endroit, Environnement outil géospatial centralisé de type Open l’environnement (ICDE) Canada investit dans les res- Source afin de répondre aux besoins d’af- Les indicateurs canadiens de sources géospatiales conformé- faires de ses propres spécialistes. durabilité de l’environnement fournis-

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 55 sent aux Canadiens des données et de http://maps-cartes.ec.gc.ca/cispa- and more organizations have begun to l’information sur le rendement du sciap/flex_bin/main.html. Cette application apply its capabilities to improve the Canada quant aux problèmes de dura- montre le réseau des aires protégées d’EC way they manage and use geospatial bilité de l’environnement qui les pré- avec toutes les écozones et écorégions du information. The organic growth of occupent!: qualité de l’air et de l’eau, Canada. On peut générer les rapports par GIS in organizations as disconnected émissions de gaz à effet de serre, écozone, écorégion, aire protégée ou par GIS “islands”, implemented in depart- niveaux d’eau et aires protégées. Il zone personnalisée. Le système fournit la mental silos is obsolete as it fails to s’agit d’une nouvelle application car- superficie (hectares) avec le pourcentage capitalize on the benefits of scale. tographique interactive et améliorée d’aires protégées ou d’écozones et écoré- In the spring of 2007, Indian and qui permet aux utilisateurs de mieux gions dans la région sélectionnée. On peut Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) interagir avec les données imprimer les cartes et les rapports ou les embarked on a three (3) year plan to sous-jacentes aux indicateurs. Les exporter. implement an Enterprise level geo- données de ces indicateurs provien- graphic infrastructure with a corporate nent de diverses sources et varient Conclusion Geomatics Services function. The selon l’indicateur. EC compile les function includes access to a spatial data données de nombreux programmes Conformément à la norme du Conseil repository, a corporate compliant GIS fédéraux, provinciaux, territoriaux et du Trésor sur les données géospatiales, EC technology for both desktop and Web, conjoints. D’autres ministères fédé- poursuit des travaux de développement de access to geomatics standards and best raux tels que Statistique Canada, métadonnées (norme ISO!19115) et de ser- practices as well as access to geographic Ressources naturelles Canada, Santé vices d’interface de carte du serveur expertise for the delivery of geographic Canada et Agriculture et Internet. EC maintient sa participation aux based products and services. A number of Agroalimentaire Canada fournissent différents comités tels que le Comité mixte interactive Web map applications également les résultats de leurs sur- des organismes intéressés à la géomatique, developed for our programs are available veillances, levés et recensements. Les l’Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) et le on the INAC website: http://www.ainc- rapports des ICDE sont présentés à Comité consultatif canadien du Comité inac.gc.ca/1info/iactmps-eng.asp l’adresse suivante : technique!211 de l’ISO – Information géo- The Geomatics Services unit is http://www.ec.gc.ca/indicateurs-indi- graphique/Géomatique. L’amélioration de designed to work with departmental cators/Default.asp?lang=Fr&n=A07 la gestion de l’information géospatiale tout sectors and program managers to meet 3189E-1. L’application de cartogra- au long du cycle de vie des données conti- increasing demands for geospatial infor- phie est fournie à l’adresse : nuera à être l’un des principaux objectifs mation relating to INAC’s mandated http://maps-cartes.ec.gc.ca/indicators- d’Environnement Canada pour les années à responsibilities. This eliminates duplica- indicateurs/default.aspx?lang=fr. venir. En rationalisant la production des tion of Information Management données, de leur capture à leur diffusion, (IM)/Information Technology (IT) effort Système canadien EC estime qu’il pourra améliorer le service and investments. It has developed and d’information sur les qu’il donne aux Canadiens. continues to enhance the geospatial Pour plus de renseignements sur les acti- platform to more effectively provide aires protégées (SCIAP) vités géospatiales d’Environnement Canada, geo-based products and services to the Le Service canadien de la Faune communiquez avec le Bureau de coordina- programs, Aboriginals, and Northerners. d’Environnement Canada recense les tion géospatiale ([email protected]). It also plays a key role in managing its habitats fauniques importants dont la enterprise geo-systems. The main ben- perte aurait un impact direct sur la Debbie Pagurek, M.Sc. efit for the organization and its clients is population canadienne d’une ou de plu- Bureau de coordination géospatiale an increased data sharing and cross- sieurs espèces sauvages. EC travaille Direction générale du dirigeant principal functional collaboration between pro- en étroite collaboration avec d’autres de l’information grams in the delivery of services to organismes afin que ces aires impor- Environnement Canada Aboriginals and Northerners thus lead- tantes à l’échelle nationale soient offi- http://www.ec.gc.ca ing to enhanced business decisions. ciellement protégées par son program- Implementing an enterprise GIS me des Aires protégées. Le Système infrastructure does not happen canadien d’information sur les aires overnight. It requires the development protégées est une interface cartogra- Indian and Northern of an effective business case with sen- phique en ligne des aires protégées par ior management along with levels of EC. Le système est disponible dans sa Affairs Canada engagement throughout the organiza- version complète à l’adresse suivante : tion. Engagement has been obtained http://maps-cartes.ec.gc.ca/cispa- With the advent of mobile, web serv- through the provision of value-added sciap/Disclaimer.aspx?lang=fr et en ices and Google, Geographic Information services and success stories with the version graphique à l’adresse suivante : Systems (GIS) technology has matured key organizational stakeholders.

56 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Between 2008 and 2011, INAC lished map series and charts from the Over the past four years, CAG’s Geomatics Services has worked Canadian federal government. acquisition priorities have been four- closely with its community of practice, Between 1969 and 2006, the section fold and have concentrated on activi- stakeholders, and clients to geograph- acquired current published maps of other ties associated with the development ically enable programs. Through that parts of the world so they could be con- of the: engagement, our role is designed to: sulted by Canadian federal government departments that have interests abroad. In • Early Cartography Collection; 1. develop, enhance and coordinate 1976, CAG started to acquire major • Collection of published govern- geographic information manage- groups of manuscript and unpublished car- ment maps series that are not cov- ment and technology to ensure tographic materials from Canadian federal ered under Legal Deposit; reliable and consistent data and government departments and agencies. •Collection of cartographic and systems With the shift to the creation of digital geomatics materials relating to 2. facilitate the integration of maps in the 1980s, CAG has been actively the Arctic; and the, geospatial information for busi- acquiring digital cartographic materials, • Directive on Recordkeeping’ that ness applications that is, geomatics materials, since 1991. pertains to cartographic and geo- 3. build an understanding of the use This practice is now aligned with LAC’s matics materials that are created of geospatial information and strategic priority relating to digital infor- to support government business. technology mation. To date, the digital collection con- 4. ensure economic benefits to the sists of approximately 750,000 digital aer- In terms of the development of department, offering a common geo- ial photographs, 40,000 satellite and the ‘Early Cartography Collection’, platform, mitigating duplication of remotely sensed images, and 100,000 dig- CAG continues to seek out rare histor- data and systems (time & costs), reli- ital maps. These digital objects represent ical maps, hydrographic charts, plans, ability of tools and information. approximately 40 terabytes of data. Since atlases, and globes that present new LAC last reported to Geomatica, pub- geographic knowledge about Canada. Hélène Lachance lished cartographic materials that are pro- These contribute to an understanding National Geomatics Manager duced by Canadian federal government of the history of Canadian society and Indian and Northern Affairs Canada departments have became become subject cartographic techniques and practices. http://geoviewer.inac.gc.ca to Legal Deposit legislation. This legisla- Under the auspices of this program, 29 tion also encompasses published carto- maps have been acquired. The two graphic materials that are produced by pri- most significant acquisitions include vate sector publishers. are a chart by James Cook and a map Library and Archives Today, CAG is responsible for and the by Paolo Forlani. acquisition of architectural, cartographic, Canada and geomatics materials of national signifi- • James Cook: A Chart of the cance from departments and agencies of the Sea-Coast of Newfoundland Library and Archives Canada Government of Canada. In support of this between St. Laurence and (LAC) has been actively acquiring car- mandate, CAG will also identify, appraise, Point May. Survey’d by tographic materials in their various and acquire the documentary records of pri- Order of Hugh Palliser Esqr. forms since 1872. Cartography, vate sector architects, cartographers, engi- Commodore & c. & c. by Architecture and Geomatics (CAG), of neers, and surveyors that are appraised as James Cook, c. 1765. the Canadian Archives and Special being of national significance. They must Collections Branch (CASC), and its encompass representative activities of the • Forlani, Paolo: Il Disegno predecessors have been acquiring these surveying, mapping, and charting industry, del discoperto della nova materials as a separate archival unit ; private institutions, and members of the Franza, ilquale s’è havuto since 1907. At that time, the section general public. Cartographic materials cov- ulti, mamente dalla novissi- held 4,285 maps, plans, and charts. ered by the Legal Deposit regulations are ma navigatione dè Franzesi in Between 1907 and 1924, the collection acquired by the Published Heritage Branch, quel luogo, nel quale sivedono grew to 30,000 cartographic items. LAC. Due to the specialized expertise that tutte l’Isole, Porti, Capi, et From 1925 to 1945, cartographic resides in CAG about historical and modern luoghi fraterra chein quella acquisitions were almost entirely in the cartographic and geomatics materials, the sono / Venetijs aneis formis form of private documents and collec- section operates collaboratively with Bolognini Zalterij Anno. tions, or consisted of copies of carto- archivists from the Government Records M.D.L.X.V.I.(1566) [The graphic materials that were obtained Branch to appraise and acquire cartograph- drawing of the discovery of from other archives around the world. ic and geomatics materials of archival and New France, recently derived In 1949, the section developed a plan historical value from departments and from the newest voyage of the for the strategic acquisition of pub- agencies of the government of Canada. French in that region: In

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 57 which are seen all the islands, five years CAG will identify and fill gaps in ment partners in the management of ports, capes, and places the section’s cartographic and geomatics its architectural, cartographic, and inland which are in it (1566)]. data holdings that relate to the Arctic. geomatics assets. Similar to the goal associated with the Early For more information, please In terms of the development of the Cartography Collection, an Arctic collec- refer to the Library and Archives collection of cartographic and geomat- tion of maps and geospatial data will pro- Canada website at: http://www.collec- ics materials that are not covered under vide essential evidence about Canadian tionscanada.gc.ca the Legal Deposit program, CAG has occupation and activities in the North over acquired 20 maps and 3 archival col- time. As part of this priority, CAG will part- David L. Brown, Manager lections to fill gaps in the collection. ner with others to ensure the collection is as Cartography, Architecture & With respect to material that is comprehensive and as encompassing as Geomatics acquired from Canadian federal gov- possible. Canadian Archives & Special ernment departments and agencies, Also from a strategic perspective, and Collections CAG has acquired analogue and digital with respect to the ‘Directive on Library and Archives Canada collections from the Cape Breton Recordkeeping’, departments in the http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/ Development Corporation; Canadian Canadian federal government gather, ana- Ice Service, Environment Canada; lyze, interpret, use, and distribute geo- Elections Canada; International Joint graphic information to support the govern- Commission; National Air Photo ment’s surveying, mapping, charting, Natural Resources Library (NAPL), Natural Resources resource, and infrastructure management Canada; and Statistics Canada. activities and programs, and deliver reliable Canada— As part of the acquisition func- services. In these activities, there is a Earth Sciences Sector tion, CAG continues to appraise col- requirement for departments to define their lections and provide advice to federal core cartographic and geospatial data prod- government departments and agencies ucts, develop the business case for their cre- Role of Natural concerning their archival practices ation, identify the risks and liabilities asso- Resources Canada associated with architectural, carto- ciated with their use, and maintain their graphic, and geomatics materials. Over integrity through the implementation of Natural Resources Canada the past four years, appraisals and sound recordkeeping practices. (NRCan) is the primary federal part- advice have been provided to The latter activity is especially impor- ner for the provinces and territories, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; tant because maps and geospatial data are industry and other domestic players in Canada Aviation Museum; Canada often used as decision decision-making shaping Canada’s resource future. Post; Canadian Book Exchange tools in support of the demarcation, devel- NRCan develops knowledge and Centre; Fisheries and Oceans Canada; opment, and management of Canadian expertise on Canada’s vast and diverse Foreign Affairs and international lands and resources. They are used to landmass, which in turn strengthens International Trade Canada; improve our knowledge about land use the safety and security of Canadians Geographical Names Board of Canada and human occupancy. They can be used and the stewardship of Canada’s natu- Secretariat, Natural Resources Canada; to delineate spatial patterns associated ral resources and lands. House of Commons; National Capital with agricultural activities and define pat- Through Geomatics Canada, part Commission; National Defence and terns associated with the health of our of the Earth Sciences Sector, NRCan the Canadian Forces; Public Works forests, lakes, and rivers. Cartographic provides a variety of location-based and Government Services Canada; and materials and geospatial data are invalu- data and expert knowledge and servic- Transport Canada. able resources that can also be used to es that are used to inform policy and From a strategic perspective, communicate information about natural programs on natural resource issues, CAG is continuing to develop the sec- hazards and weather patterns that could as well as public health, safety and tion’s collection of cartographic and potentially imperil the safety of Canadian security. Geographical information, geomatics materials relating to the citizens on land and at sea. which is essential to governing Arctic. The objective is to align the In summary, maps, charts, and Canada, is managed, made accessible, section’s acquisition priorities in har- geospatial data are essential to document- and used, including: legal surveys of mony with the government’s focus of ing and communicating important ele- Canada, remotely sensed data, and protecting our nation’s sovereignty and ments of Canadian activity and society basic mapping information. As a leader security. As well, the government’s over time and space. Often collectively in mapping and geosciences, NRCan commitment to defending Canada’s they represent elements about Canadians has a long history of efficient and place in the world through the realiza- that do not appear in any other government effective management of geo-informa- tion of a strong Arctic vision is also record. In this environment, CAG will tion assets and pioneering new geo- supported. As a result, over the next continue to work with its federal govern- graphic and knowledge frontiers.

58 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Highlights for 2008-2011 access to an integrated view of reserve Seven products illustrate EOGD’s land information (http://www.ainc- work to develop remote sensing prod- Surveyor General Branch inac.gc.ca/ai/scr/qc/pm/infoenv/ITfev10- ucts and applications within mapping The Surveyor General has the eng.asp). and monitoring programs: legal responsibility to manage all sur- •ISO 19152—Land Administration veys and the parcel fabric on Canada Domain Model—The Surveyor General •Satellite data to support updating Lands, and to also maintain the original Branch is participating actively in the topographic maps in the North, by plans, journals, field notes and other development of the international standard providing topographic information papers associated with those surveys. on Land Administration Domain Model and land cover information (Land Canada Lands generally consist of (ISO19152) (http://www.isotc211.org/). Cover Fact Sheet: Indian Reserves, National Parks, the off- http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/optical/land- shore and land in Yukon, Northwest and International Boundary Commission cover2000_e.php; Extraction of 3-D Nunavut Territories. The Surveyor The International Boundary info from RADARSAT-2 Fact Sheet: General also serves as the Canadian Commission (IBC) is responsible for http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarrso/3d_e.p member of the International Boundary maintaining the boundary in an effective h) Commission, which is responsible for state of demarcation. The Commission •Orthorectified Landsat 7 mosaic maintaining the 8 891 km long bound- also regulates all construction within three of the Canadian arctic archipela- ary between Canada and the United metres of the boundary and is responsible go (Fact Sheet: States (http://sgb-dag.nrcan- for defining the boundary location in any http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/orthorec- rncan.gc.ca/index_e.php). legal situation involving the border tification/baffin_island_e.php) (http://www.internationalbound- •Satellite Image Techniques used Canada Lands Survey System arycommission.org/index-eng.html). for Terrain Mapping and The primary objective of the The IBC is currently modernizing Monitoring of the Mackenzie Canada Lands Survey System is to information systems. Information will be Valley Pipeline Route (InSAR provide the foundation to establish managed in a GIS with several thematic monitoring techniques Fact Sheet: property rights on Canada Lands by layers including new high resolution http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarrso/ins defining, describing and documenting imagery. The system has been used to cre- ar_e.php; IEEE publication on the extent of all land interests ate the first new official maps of the geological image base maps: (http://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/index- Canada – US boundary since the 1920s. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/free- eng.php). The system provides the abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4779346 legal parcels that support all regis- Canada Centre for Remote Sensing •Mapping and Monitoring River Ice tered land transactions on Canada The Canada Centre for Remote and Lake Ice Break-up and Freeze- Lands. Key recent activities include: Sensing (CCRS) receives and archives up using Synthetic Aperture Radar remotely-sensed data for Canada, devel- (SAR) Satellites (Fact Sheets: •Aboriginal Land Administrativeops methods and applications to enable http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarrso/riv Boundaries on GeoBase – The effective use of this data, and provides the er_ice_e.php and Aboriginal Lands data layer was Canadian Spatial Reference System. http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarrso/lak added to GeoBase in June 2009 e_ice_e.php) and upgraded in April 2010 Earth Observation GeoSolutions •Geomatics information for the (http://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/geobase- Division (EOGD) watershed serving Iqaluit, eng.php). EOGD, CCRS’ science foundation, Nunavut, using EO data and •Canada Lands Survey Registrysupports development of Earth Observation ground surveys (Fact Sheet: accessible in KML format – The (EO) sensors, improves EO data quality http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/geospa- Canada Lands Survey Registry and data handling methodologies, and tial/iqaluit_e.php) overlay in KML format was develops value-added EO-based informa- •Using satellite remote sensing to introduced in 2008 and is avail- tion, applications and services. The goal is monitor and assess ecosystem able for display in various earth to ensure EO’s potential is harnessed to integrity and climate change in browsers, such as Google Earth provide solutions enabling government to Canada’s National Parks (Fact (http://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/google- better deliver mandates including sover- Sheet: http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/opti- data-donneesgoogle-eng.php). eignty, safety and security, environmental cal/eco_integrity_e.php) •Reconciliation with Indian Landmonitoring, and natural resource manage- • National and Continental Scale Registry—Over 80,000 parcels were ment. EOGD is also involved in the devel- Land Cover Mapping with satel- reconciled with the Indian Land opment of next-generation satellite sensors, lite data (Fact Sheet: Registry in 2009-10. The electronic and the scientific preparations for effective http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/optical/nl Registry Index Plan (eRIP) simplifies and immediate use of data from soon-to-be- cc_e.php). The Commission for research of land records by providing launched sensors. Environmental Cooperation’s

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 59 Web site and all levels of government and is operat- Satellite gravimetry is being used to (http://www.cec.org/Page.asp?Pa ed on a public-private partnership model. study changes in total water content in geID=924&SiteNodeID=565) The project began in January 2009 and the the Great Lakes region and recently provides access to a poster map Facility’s first antenna was installed by the gravity data collection in the arctic was and the landcover data. A similar German Aerospace Center in collaboration used to assist in mapping sea floor map was featured as a pull-out with the Canadian company PrioraNet topography, helping define the supplement to the December 2009 Canada. The Facility was inaugurated in Canadian offshore boundary. issue of Canadian Geographic. August 2010 and is already being expand- A high level strategic plan for ed to meet additional demand. GSD was approved and made public Data Acquisition Division: Making (http://www.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/plan_e. Earth Observation satellite data Geodetic Survey Division php) in 2009, coinciding with signifi- readily accessible to Canadians The Geodetic Survey Division (GSD) cant organizational and human The Data Acquisition Division provides the standards for the measurement resource renewal. A detailed strategic (DAD) ensures access to satellite of latitude, longitude, elevation and gravity implementation plan will be publical- imagery through reception capability anywhere in Canada and monitors motions ly released in 2011. GSD seeks to from a network of government con- of our landmass in support of Geoscience increase collaboration in the scientific trolled facilities, and through Earth and Geomatics. The Canadian Spatial community and in the federal govern- Observation (EO) satellite data stew- Reference System (CSRS) serves as the ment with respect to GNSS. ardship services to the Government of foundation for all national georeferencing Canada and the Canadian public to and mapping activities including the Mapping Information Branch provide the availability of space-based Canadian Geospatial Data Infrastructure The Mapping Information Branch EO data in the format needed, when and is the standard specified for GeoBase. (MIB) was established in 2008 through needed and free whenever possible. GSD is promoting Global Navigation the merging of the Mapping Services DAD has implemented a new Satellite System (GNSS)-based position- Branch and the Data Management and business model consisting of satellite ing over aging monumented control infra- Dissemination Branch. MIB provides data receiving stations operated by the structure established with classical trusted geospatial and geoscience data private sector and satellite data stew- ground-based techniques. Usage of the of Canada’s landmass to enhance the ardship systems developed, operated CSRS Precise Point Positioning Web tool safety and security of Canadians, sup- and maintained by the Government of increased by 178% in the year ending port the stewardship of Canada’s natu- Canada. This has allowed DAD to March 2010 with a concurrent reduction in ral resources and land, and foster the introduce a modular operation scheme classical network access. GSD is expand- competitiveness of the resources sector. that: provides flexibility to add new ing data collection and analysis from The Branch is charged with the genera- sources of data and to introduce other Global Positioning System (GPS) to also tion and dissemination of geospatial stations as part of a network; include the Russian GLONASS and the knowledge that is used by broad seg- improves communications for the European Galileo satellite constellations ments of the economy, including the delivery and access to satellite in the coming years, with the first Canadian geomatics industry and in imagery; and promotes the private GLONASS results obtained recently. mass market applications on platforms sector involvement. Height reference system moderniza- such as smart phones. Since EO satellites orbit near the tion promises a new means of determining North Pole, Canada’s northern geo- heights above sea-level. The current refer- Accessible, trusted and current graphic location provides a significant ence system (Canadian Geodetic Vertical geospatial data competitive advantage in the field of Datum - CGVD28) is provided through a Throughout the 2008-2011 period, global remote sensing. The Inuvik network of monuments. Modernization, MIB updated, improved and increased Satellite Station Facility (ISSF) is planned for 2013, will enable measure- access to!its geospatial products, lead- located in one of Canada’s most ment of heights anywhere in the country ing federal efforts in making data northern communities to allow greater using GNSS technologies. Modernization accessible online, at no cost, and with- access to essential satellite data. of the Canadian Gravity Standardization out restrictions. Transition to no-fee The ISSF’s location in the Arctic Network is also underway, with field access for a range of products has by all enables it to receive data on Canada’s measurements to be completed in 2012. measures been very successful, result- North as soon as it is captured by Geodetic measurements are increas- ing in a massive increase in downloads satellites, allowing for fast delivery of ingly important for geoscientific applica- from the GeoGratis portal information and the ability to monitor tions. Precise measurements of vertical land (http://www.GeoGratis.gc.ca/). this strategic region in near-real time. motion are currently used for understanding MIB’s base topographic data is The ISSF was built with the sup- sea-level trends in the Arctic region, available through GeoGratis in several port of 15 international partners and fluid/gas withdrawal in the Mackenzie vector and raster formats, as well as stakeholders from the private sector Delta, and Great Lakes Basin hydrology. through a Web Map Service (WMS).

60 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 The Toporama WMS was upgraded in graphic maps. The geographic areas for key stakeholders, will lead strategic 2009 and is composed of topographic update were determined through input from geomatics policy development. The data offered as 16 layers of informa- various stakeholders and clients, and renewed priorities for GeoConnections tion, grouped by type under different aligned with priority mapping initiatives. are to promote awareness of new appli- scales, offering many options for data Beginning in 2009, new topographic maps cations of geospatial information and representation to meet user needs. were released covering the Lower to educate stakeholders on the impor- Updates to topographic data are Mainland of British Columbia in support of tance of interoperable solutions released on a six month schedule. the 2010 Winter Olympics. By the third through the adoption of operational Topographic data is generated from the quarter of 2010-11, production had sur- policies and standards. National Hydro Network (NHN) and passed 1000 new maps, with! efforts GeoConnections objectives will be the National Road Network (NRN), focussing on the completion of large areas reached through the following activities: collected through the GeoBase initia- of Canada’s North previously unmapped at tive (http://www.GeoBase.ca/) by the 1:50 000 scale. • The development and implemen- provincial and territorial partners. MIB developed a Map Generator to cre- tation of long-term national geo- The Atlas of Canada ate the new topographic!maps, a specialized matics strategies and policies in (http://atlas.NRCan.gc.ca/) provides production system using leading-edge GIS partnership with CGDI stake- authoritative thematic maps on-line technology. Through a series of processes, holders; about subjects such as people and the!system automatically draws data from a • Advancing the operational poli- society, the environment, the econo- geographic database, symbolizes the carto- cies and standards needed to my, history, and other specific and graphic features, positions the text and applies complete the CGDI, including the timely issues important to Canadians. the final map surround. The Map Generator development of tools and The 6th Edition of the Atlas is contin- has resulted in increased production to 800 resources to help organizations ually updated to reflect a changing topographic maps per year. Plot-ready digital integrate the CGDI into their context. In 2009-10, 70 new maps versions of updated maps are available on- business practices; were published on-line, including a line from the GeoGratis portal, while paper • Working with the geomatics com- series of maps and accompanying versions continue to be available though a net- munity to complete the CGDI by analysis of national and regional data work of certified map printers and regional developing policies to support the results from the 2006 Census result- distributors. use of geospatial information, ing from a multi-year partnership with encouraging standards adoption, Statistics Canada. A special series of GeoConnections Renewal and providing geomatics leader- interactive Atlas of Canada maps was In 2010, the Government of Canada ship and coordination in Canada. released in advance of the Vancouver announced a renewed commitment for the 2010 Winter Olympics. GeoConnections program (http://www.geo- Looking ahead, a new geospatial The Secretariat for the connections.ca/), and provided $11 million in business model is being implemented Geographical Names Board of funding over two years. GeoConnections sup- for MIB, with priorities including the Canada (GNBC), hosted within MIB, ports the integration and use of the Canadian completion of mapping for Canada’s is responsible for supporting the Geospatial Data Infrastructure (CGDI). The North; implementing a unified on-line activities of the Board, maintaining an CGDI is an on-line resource that improves the gateway to allow Canadians to search, official data base of geographical sharing, access and use of geospatial informa- discover, assess and access essential names for Canada, and for responding tion. It helps decision makers from all levels geographic information; a fundamen- to all routine toponymic matters relat- of government, the private sector, non-gov- tal rethinking of Canada’s national ing to Canada ernmental organizations and academia make mapping efforts; and demonstrating (http://geonames.NRCan.gc.ca). better decisions on social, economic and MIB’s role in management of loca- Diverse aspects of toponymy, such as environmental priorities. tion-based knowledge as essential for Aboriginal naming and issues related The previous phase of enhancing Canada’s social, economic to Canada’s North, have become a key GeoConnections provided funding to the and environmental prosperity. focus of NRCan’s contribution to the Canadian geomatics sector to develop GNBC. In 2010, geographical names application for decision-makers in four pri- were made available without cost ority areas of public health, public safety through the GeoBase portal. and security, the environment and sustain- able development, and matters of impor- Ann Martin Mapping Canada tance to Aboriginal people. With the Director, Data Dissemination Division Following extensive consulta- renewed commitment, GeoConnections Mapping Information Branch tions with national stakeholder groups will continue to provide leadership and Earth Sciences Sector in 2008, MIB began production of the coordination for the use of geospatial data Natural Resources Canada next-generation of Canadian topo- toward effective decision making and, with http://ess.nrcan.gc.ca

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 61 Ressources naturelles totalité des plans, des registres et des notes ( http://www.ainc- d’arpentage ainsi que tous les autres docu- inac.gc.ca/ai/scr/qc/pm/infoenv/IT Canada – Secteur des ments originaux se rapportant aux levés. fev10-fra.asp). Les terres du Canada englobent générale- •ISO 19152 – Modèle du domaine sciences de la Terre ment les réserves indiennes, les parcs de l’administration des terres – nationaux, ainsi que les zones terrestres et La Direction de l’arpenteur général Rôle de Ressources extracôtières des territoires du Yukon, des participe activement à l’élaboration naturelles Canada Territoires du Nord-Ouest et du Nunavut. d’une norme internationale relative Ressources naturelles Canada L’arpenteur général représente le Canada au Modèle du domaine de l’admi- (RNCan) est le principal partenaire au sein de la Commission de la frontière nistration des terres (ISO19152) http://www.isotc211.org fédéral des provinces et des territoires, internationale, qui est responsable de ( /). de l’industrie et d’autres partenaires au maintenir la frontière de 8!891!km entre le http://sgb- Commission de la frontière pays en vue de façonner l’avenir des Canada et les États-Unis. ( dag.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/index_f.php) internationale ressources au Canada. RNCan a pour . objectif de développer les connais- La Commission de la frontière Système d’arpentage des terres sances et l’expertise sur la masse conti- internationale (CFI) a la responsabili- du Canada nentale vaste et diversifiée du Canada, té d’entretenir la percée de façon à ce qui contribuent à renforcer la sécurité Le Système d’arpentage des terres du que la frontière soit bien délimitée. La et la protection des Canadiens, ainsi Canada a pour principal objectif d’établir Commission réglemente également que l’intendance des ressources natu- les bases de l’infrastructure de droits fon- toute construction à moins de trois relles et des terres du Canada. ciers sur les terres du Canada. Pour ce mètres de la frontière et est respon- Par l’entremise de Géomatique faire, il définit, décrit et documente l’éten- sable de définir l’emplacement de la Canada, qui fait partie du Secteur des due de tous les titres fonciers frontière dans toute affaire juridique sciences de la Terre, RNCan offre une (http://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/index-fra.php). Le où la frontière est en cause http://www.internationalboundary- large gamme de données géoréféren- système fournit les parcelles officielles qui ( commission.org/index-fra.html cées ainsi que des connaissances et des soutiennent toutes les transactions de ). services d’experts utilisés pour éclairer biens-fonds enregistrées sur les terres du La CFI procède actuellement à la l’établissement de politiques et de pro- Canada. Les principales activités récentes modernisation des systèmes d’infor- grammes sur des questions de res- comprennent notamment!: mation. L’information sera gérée à sources naturelles, de même que sur les l’aide d’un SIG comportant plusieurs enjeux de la santé, de la sécurité et de •Limites administratives des terrescouches thématiques, notamment de la protection publiques. L’information autochtones sur GéoBase – Une nou- nouvelles images à haute résolution. géographique essentielle à la gouver- velle couche de données sur les terres Le système a été utilisé pour produire nance du Canada est gérée, diffusée et autochtones a été ajoutée à GéoBase en de nouvelles cartes officielles de la utilisée; elle comprend notamment les juin! 2009 et a été mise à jour en frontière du Canada et des États-Unis, levés officiels du Canada, les données avril!2010 (http://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/geo- les premières à être créées depuis les de télédétection et l’information de base-fra.php). années 1920. base pour la cartographie. À titre de • Les Archives d’arpentage des terres Centre canadien de télédétection chef de file dans le domaine de la car- du Canada disponibles en format tographie et des sciences de la Terre, KML – Le calque des Archives d’ar- Le Centre canadien de télédétec- RNCan possède une longue expérience pentage des terres du Canada en for- tion (CCT) reçoit et archive les don- en matière de gestion efficiente et effi- mat KML, lancé en 2008, peut être nées de télédétection pour le Canada, cace des fonds de données géogra- affiché à l’aide de divers navigateurs élabore des méthodes et des applica- phiques et fait œuvre de pionnier pour offrant une vue globale de la Terre, tions afin de faciliter une utilisation repousser les frontières de la géogra- notamment Google Earth efficace de ces données, et fournit les phie et du savoir. (http://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/googledata- services du Système canadien de réfé- donneesgoogle-fra.php). rence spatiale. Faits saillants entre •Conciliation avec le Registre des terres indiennes – Plus de 80!000!par- Division de l’observation de la 2008 et 2011 celles de terrain ont été conciliées avec Terre et des géosolutions (DOTG) le Registre des terres indiennes en 2009 La DOTG, le fondement scienti- Direction de l’arpenteur général et 2010. Le Plan de référence électro- fique du CCT, participe au développe- L’arpenteur général est juridique- nique (PRÉ) simplifie la recherche de ment de capteurs d’observation de la ment responsable de gérer tous les documents relatifs aux terres en don- Terre (OT), à l’amélioration de la qua- levés et le canevas des parcelles des nant accès à un aperçu intégré de l’in- lité des données d’OT et des méthodo- terres du Canada et de conserver la formation sur les terres des réserves logies de traitement des données, ainsi

62 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 qu’à l’élaboration de données, d’appli- lac au moyen de satellites à radar à point, exploités et gérés par le gouver- cations et de services à valeur ajoutée synthèse d’ouverture (RSO) (fiches nement du Canada. Ainsi, la DAD a pu fondés sur l’OT. La DOTG vise à d’information introduire un mode d’opération modu- mettre à contribution le potentiel des http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarrso/river_ice laire qui offre la possibilité d’ajouter de données d’OT pour trouver des solu- _f.php et http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarr- nouvelles sources de données et d’inté- tions permettant au gouvernement de so/lake_ice_f.php) grer d’autres stations au réseau; qui per- mieux s’acquitter de son mandat, qu’il •Information géomatique sur un bassinmet d’améliorer les communications s’agisse d’assurer la souveraineté du versant d’Iqaluit, au Nunavut, utilisant pour la livraison et l’accessibilité des Canada, de protéger sa population, de des données d’observation de la Terre images satellite; et qui suscite la partici- surveiller l’état de son environnement et des levés de terrain (fiche d’infor- pation du secteur privé. ou de gérer ses ressources naturelles. mation http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/geo- Étant donné que les satellites Elle participe également à la mise au spatial/iqaluit_f.php) d’OT se déplacent sur une orbite près point de la prochaine génération de •Utilisation de la télédétection par satelli-du pôle Nord, la position géographique capteurs satellite ainsi qu’aux prépara- te pour la surveillance et l’évaluation de du Canada dans le Nord lui donne un tifs scientifiques en vue d’une utilisa- l’intégrité de l’écosystème et du change- important avantage concurrentiel dans tion efficace et immédiate des données ment climatique dans les parcs natio- le domaine de la télédétection à qui proviendront des capteurs dont le naux du Canada (fiche d’information l’échelle mondiale. La station satellite lancement est prévu pour bientôt. http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/optical/eco_inte Inuvik (SSI) est située dans l’une des Sept produits résultent des travaux grity_f.php) collectivités les plus nordiques du de la DOTG portant sur l’élaboration •Cartographie de la couverture terrestreCanada afin d’avoir le meilleur accès à de produits et d’applications de télédé- à l’échelle nationale et continentale à des données satellite essentielles. tection dans le cadre de programmes l’aide de données satellite (fiche d’in- La situation de la SSI dans de cartographie et de surveillance!: formation http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/opti- l’Arctique lui permet de recevoir des cal/nlcc_f.php). Le site Web de la données sur le Nord canadien dès •Données satellite permettant de Commission nord-américaine de qu’elles sont captées par les satellites, soutenir la mise à jour des cartes coopération environnementale de les livrer très rapidement et de sur- topographiques du Nord, en four- (http://www.cec.org/Page.asp?PageI veiller cette région stratégique en nissant de l’information topogra- D=924&SiteNodeID=565&AA_SiteL temps quasi réel. phique et de l’information sur la anguageID=2) donne accès à une La SSI a été établie grâce au sou- couverture terrestre (fiche d’infor- carte-affiche et à des données sur la tien de 15! partenaires et intervenants mation sur la couverture terrestre couverture terrestre. Une carte similai- internationaux du secteur privé et de http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/optical/lan re était offerte sous forme de supplé- tous les niveaux de gouvernement. Elle dcover2000_f.php; fiche d’infor- ment dans le numéro de décembre est exploitée selon un modèle de parte- mation sur l’extraction de don- 2009 de la revue Canadian nariat public-privé. Le projet a été entre- nées 3-D de RADARSAT-2 Geographic. pris en janvier! 2009 et la première http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarrso/3d antenne de la station satellite a été ins- _f.php) Division de l’acquisition des données : tallée par le Centre aérospatial allemand •Orthomosaïque Landsat!7 de l’ar- Faciliter l’accès aux données en collaboration avec la société cana- chipel arctique (fiche d’informa- satellite d’observation de dienne PrioraNet Canada. La station tion http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/ortho- la Terre pour les Canadiens satellite a été inaugurée en août!2010 et rectification/baffin_island_f.php) La Division de l’acquisition des don- prend déjà de l’expansion afin de •Techniques d’imagerie satellitenées (DAD) assure au gouvernement du répondre aux besoins additionnels. utilisées pour la cartographie du Canada et au public canadien l’accès à des terrain et la surveillance le long du images satellite qu’elle reçoit par l’entremi- Division des levés géodésiques couloir du pipeline de la vallée du se d’un réseau d’installations régies par le La Division des levés géodé- Mackenzie (fiche d’information gouvernement et de services d’intendance siques (DLG) fournit les normes pour sur les techniques de surveillance de données satellite d’observation de la les mesures de latitude, de longitude, InRSO http://ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/sarr- Terre afin d’offrir des données spatiales d’altitude et de gravité partout au so/insar_f.php; publication de d’OT dans le format requis, au moment Canada et observe les déplacements l’IEEE sur les cartes géologiques à requis, et ce, gratuitement dans la mesure de la masse continentale pour les l’aide d’images de télédétection! : du possible. besoins des géosciences et de la géo- http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/free La DAD a mis en œuvre un nouveau matique. Le Système canadien de réfé- abs_all.jsp?arnumber=4779346) modèle opérationnel comprenant des sta- rence spatiale (SCRS) est à la base de •Cartographie et surveillance detions de réception de données satellite toutes les activités nationales de géoré- l’englacement et de la débâcle des exploitées par le secteur privé et des sys- férencement et de cartographie, notam- glaces de rivière et des glaces de tèmes de gestion de données satellite mis au ment l’Infrastructure canadienne de

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 63 données géospatiales, et constitue la vimétriques dans l’Arctique a servi à carto- Toporama), mis à jour en 2009, com- norme spécifiée pour GéoBase. graphier la topographie du fond marin, per- prend des données topographiques La DLG favorise le positionne- mettant ainsi de déterminer la frontière offertes sous forme de 16!couches d’in- ment par géolocalisation et navigation canadienne au large des côtes. formation groupées par type à diffé- par un système de satellites (GNSS) Un plan stratégique de haut niveau rentes échelles, offrant plusieurs plutôt que par l’infrastructure vieillis- pour la DLG a été approuvé et rendu public options pour la représentation des don- sante du canevas géodésique matériali- (http://www.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/plan_f.php) nées afin de répondre aux besoins des sé par des repères au moyen de tech- en 2009, coïncidant avec un important utilisateurs. Les mises à jour des don- niques classiques de levés au sol. renouvellement des ressources humaines et nées topographiques sont diffusées à L’utilisation de l’outil Web de position- organisationnelles. Un plan détaillé de mise intervalles de six mois. Les données nement ponctuel précis du SCRS a en œuvre stratégique sera lancé publique- topographiques sont générées à partir augmenté de 178!% au cours de l’an- ment en 2011. La DLG vise à accroître la du Réseau hydro national (RHN) et du née qui s’est terminée en mars! 2010, collaboration de la communauté scienti- Réseau routier national (RRN), et tandis que, simultanément, l’accès au fique et du gouvernement fédéral en ce qui recueillies dans le cadre de l’initiative réseau classique subissait une réduc- concerne le GNSS. GéoBase (http://www.GeoBase.ca/) tion. La DLG vise à accroître la collec- Direction de l’information cartographique par les partenaires provinciaux et ter- te et l’analyse de données à l’aide du ritoriaux. La Direction de l’information carto- système de positionnement global L’Atlas du Canada graphique (DIC) a été créée en 2008 par la (GPS), afin d’inclure également les (http://atlas.NRCan.gc.ca/) fournit en fusion de la Direction des services carto- constellations de satellites du système ligne des cartes thématiques offi- graphiques et de la Direction de la gestion GLONASS russe et du système cielles sur divers sujets, notamment la et de la diffusion des données. La DIC Galileo européen au cours des pro- population et la société, l’environne- fournit des données géospatiales et géos- chaines années, alors que les premiers ment, l’économie, l’histoire, ainsi que cientifiques fiables sur la masse continen- résultats du système GLONASS ont d’autres questions spécifiques et perti- tale du Canada, afin d’améliorer la sécuri- été obtenus récemment. nentes, importantes pour les té et la protection des Canadiens, d’ap- La modernisation du système de Canadiens. La 6e édition de l’Atlas est puyer la gestion des ressources naturelles référence altimétrique représente un continuellement mise à jour afin de et des terres du Canada, et de promouvoir nouveau moyen de déterminer les alti- refléter l’évolution du contexte. En la compétitivité du secteur des ressources. tudes au-dessus du niveau de la mer. 2009 et 2010, 70!nouvelles cartes ont La Direction est chargée de la production Le système de référence actuel été publiées en ligne, y compris une et de la diffusion des données géospatiales (Système canadien de référence alti- série de cartes accompagnées d’une utilisées par de larges segments de l’éco- métrique de 1928 - CGVD28) est analyse des données nationales et nomie, notamment l’industrie canadienne constitué d’un réseau de repères de régionales obtenues lors du recense- de la géomatique, et dans des applications nivellement. La modernisation, pré- ment de 2006, résultant d’un partena- de grande diffusion sur des plateformes vue pour 2013, permettra d’effectuer riat pluriannuel avec Statistique comme les téléphones intelligents. des mesures de l’altitude partout au Canada. Une série spéciale de cartes pays au moyen des technologies du Données géospatiales accessibles, interactives de l’Atlas du Canada a été GNSS. La modernisation du Réseau fiables et à jour diffusée avant la tenue des Jeux olym- de normalisation canadien de la gravi- Au cours de la période de 2008 à piques d’hiver de 2010 à Vancouver. métrie est également en cours, et les 2011, la DIC a mis à jour, amélioré et faci- Le Secrétariat de la Commission mesures sur le terrain devraient être lité l’accès à ses produits géospatiaux, de toponymie du Canada (CTC), terminées en 2012. orientant les efforts du gouvernement hébergé au sein de la DIC, est chargé Les mesures géodésiques sont de fédéral en vue de rendre les données d’appuyer les activités de la plus en plus importantes pour les appli- accessibles en ligne, sans frais et sans res- Commission, en maintenant une base cations géoscientifiques. Des mesures triction. La transition vers un accès sans de données officielle des toponymes précises du mouvement vertical du sol frais pour une gamme de produits a été du Canada, pour répondre à toutes les sont actuellement utilisées pour com- sans contredit un franc succès, résultant en questions courantes de toponymie prendre les tendances du niveau de la une augmentation considérable des télé- relatives au Canada (http://geo- mer dans la région arctique, l’extrac- chargements à partir du portail GéoGratis names.NRCan.gc.ca). Divers aspects tion d’hydrocarbures/gaz dans le delta (http://www.GeoGratis.gc.ca/). de la toponymie, tels que l’attribution du Mackenzie et l’hydrologie du bas- Les données topographiques de base de noms autochtones et les questions sin des Grands Lacs. La gravimétrie de la DIC sont disponibles sur le portail relatives au Nord canadien, sont deve- par satellite est utilisée pour étudier les GéoGratis en plusieurs formats vectoriels et nus un élément clé de la contribution changements de la teneur totale en eau matriciels, de même que par l’intermédiaire de RNCan à la CTC. En 2010, les dans la région des Grands Lacs et, d’un service de cartes Web (SCW). Le ser- toponymes sont devenus accessibles récemment, la collecte de données gra- vice de cartes Web Toporama (SCW- sans frais sur le portail GéoBase.

64 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Cartographier le Canada nections.ca/), et y a alloué un financement de normes et en assurant le leader- À la suite de vastes consultations de 11!millions de dollars pour une période ship et la coordination dans le avec des groupes d’intervenants de deux ans. GéoConnexions soutient l’in- domaine de la géomatique au nationaux en 2008, la Direction de tégration et l’utilisation de l’Infrastructure Canada. l’information cartographique a entre- canadienne de données géospatiales pris la production d’une nouvelle (ICDG). L’ICDG est une ressource en ligne Pour l’avenir, un nouveau modèle génération de cartes topographiques qui permet d’améliorer le partage, l’accès et opérationnel dans le domaine géospa- du Canada. Les régions géogra- l’utilisation de l’information géospatiale. tial est mis en œuvre pour la DIC, dont phiques visées par une mise à jour ont Elle aide les décideurs de tous les niveaux les priorités seront de compléter la été déterminées d’après les commen- de gouvernement, du secteur privé, des cartographie du Nord canadien; de taires de divers intervenants et clients, organismes non gouvernementaux et du mettre en ligne un portail unique per- tout en tenant compte des initiatives milieu universitaire à prendre de meilleures mettant aux Canadiens de chercher, de prioritaires en matière de cartogra- décisions sur les priorités sociales, écono- découvrir, d’évaluer et d’obtenir des phie. En 2009, de nouvelles cartes miques et environnementales. données géographiques essentielles; topographiques couvrant les basses- La phase précédente du programme de procéder à une remise en question terres continentales de la Colombie- GéoConnexions a fourni des fonds au sec- fondamentale des efforts déployés en Britannique ont été publiées en vue teur canadien de la géomatique afin de cartographie à l’échelle du pays; et d’appuyer les Jeux olympiques d’hi- développer des applications pour les déci- d’établir le rôle de la DIC en matière ver de 2010. Au troisième trimestre de deurs dans quatre domaines prioritaires, de gestion des connaissances basées la période 2010-2011, la production notamment!: la santé publique, la sécurité sur la localisation, comme étant essen- avait dépassé 1000! nouvelles cartes, publique et nationale, l’environnement et le tiel pour améliorer la prospérité du et les efforts ont porté particulière- développement durable, ainsi que les ques- Canada sur les plans social, écono- ment sur la cartographie de grandes tions d’importance pour les peuples autoch- mique et environnemental. zones du Nord canadien qui n’avaient tones. Grâce à cet engagement renouvelé, jamais été cartographiées à l’échelle GéoConnexions continuera à assurer le lea- Ann Martin, Directrice, Division de de 1/50!000. dership et la coordination pour l’utilisation la diffusion des données, Direction de Pour créer de nouvelles cartes de données géospatiales en vue d’un pro- l’information cartographique topographiques, la DIC a mis au point cessus décisionnel efficace et, avec les prin- Secteur des sciences de la Terre un Générateur de cartes, un système de cipaux intervenants, permettra l’élaboration Ressources naturelles Canada production spécialisé utilisant la tech- de politiques stratégiques dans le domaine http://ess.nrcan.gc.ca/ nologie de pointe des systèmes d’infor- de la géomatique. Les nouvelles priorités de http://sst.rncan.gc.ca/ mation géographique (SIG). Au moyen GéoConnexions consistent à promouvoir la d’une série de procédés, le système prise de conscience des nouvelles applica- extrait automatiquement les données tions de l’information géospatiale et à sen- d’une base de données géographiques, sibiliser les intervenants à l’importance de attribue des symboles aux entités car- solutions interopérables par l’adoption de tographiques, positionne le texte et, politiques et de normes opérationnelles. Parks Canada finalement, fait l’habillage final de la Les objectifs de GéoConnexions carte. Le Générateur de cartes a permis seront atteints dans le cadre des activités Historical Context d’augmenter la production à 800!cartes suivantes!: topographiques par année. Des ver- The Parks Canada Agency (PCA) sions numériques prêtes à tracer de • l’élaboration et la mise en œuvre de manages 42 National Parks, 4 National cartes mises à jour sont disponibles en stratégies et de politiques nationales à Marine Conservation Areas, 167 ligne sur le portail GéoGratis, tandis long terme en géomatique, en partena- National Historic Sites, and commem- que des versions imprimées sont tou- riat avec les intervenants de l’ICDG; orates over 1500 places, persons, and jours offertes par l’entremise d’un •faire progresser les politiques et lesevents of national historic significance. réseau d’imprimeurs de cartes certifiés normes opérationnelles nécessaires à The PCA has been using GIS and other et de distributeurs régionaux. la réalisation de l’ICDG, y compris geomatics technologies to improve l’élaboration d’outils et de ressources decision-making since the late 1970s. Renouvellement de pour aider les organisations à intégrer Since then, the Agency’s reliance on GéoConnexions l’ICDG dans leurs pratiques; geomatics has grown and we now •collaborer avec la communauté de laspend a little more than 1% of our En 2010, le gouvernement du géomatique pour mener à terme salary budget working directly with Canada a annoncé le renouvellement l’ICDG en élaborant des politiques GIS. Over the last thirty years, GIS de son engagement pour le programme appuyant l’utilisation de données géo- activity in Parks Canada has been GéoConnexions (http://www.geocon- spatiales, en encourageant l’adoption largely project-based. There are 70

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 65 people who use the software for more 1. Coordinated GIS Planning Committee on Geomatics (IACG) Sub- than 50% of their average work week In 2007, PCA completed a GIS User Committee on Web Mapping Common and another 155 people who are occa- Needs Analysis (UNA) for 6 Sites across Look and Feel & Accessibility to bet- sional users of GIS. the Agency using the Tomlinson method- ter understand how we can provide In many organizations, GIS ology. Since then, PCA has refined the trip-planning information to audiences matures in one or two functional UNA methodology and adopted it as the in a way that meets or exceeds federal areas. At some point, the leaders of agency standard for identifying GIS government standards, while offering the organization realize that there are requirements. Last year, Parks Canada a fast, engaging, and visually pleasing advantages to having it serve all func- began a national UNA for the top priority map application. tions, and Parks Canada is no excep- corporate applications, and defined tion to this pattern. Recently, our top requirements for the National Integrated 3. Geomatics Infrastructure executive committee decided that Realty System, the GIS Atlas, and Internet Last year, Parks Canada con- geomatics staff members need to Maps for Visitors. structed a development-environment serve all functions within the agency. GIS Infrastructure that is replicating Under this decision, the functional 2. Development of Corporate test GIS data from data stewards in 20 lead for geomatics now rests with the Geomatics Applications national parks to a central server. The Chief Information Officer (CIO), geo- Parks Canada is currently evaluating Infrastructure also manages a national matics specialists continue to report to contract proposals for the National map-cache. To help ease the process- their usual managers and each of Integrated Realty System. The system will ing burden of episodic map-cache those managers must ensure that the increase the efficiency of 50 Parks Canada builds (these take a couple of weeks), geomatics priorities of the entire busi- Realty Officers. It will also enable them to Parks Canada developed a “delta- ness unit are met. share Realty GIS data (property ownership caching-script” that regularly rebuilds records, lease and licence information) with only those portions of the national Vision and Strategies for the rest of the agency and between PCA map cache that need to change due to Geomatics in Parks Canada: and Canada Centre for Cadastral edits of the underlying geodatabase. Management (Natural Resources Canada’s Pending funding, the system will be The vision for Geomatics within Surveyor General Branch) and the moved to a production environment in Parks Canada is a simple one: Directory of Federal Real Property (com- the next fiscal year. “Geomatics is applied to the top pri- piled by the Treasury Board of Canada). orities of each business unit as effi- Last year Parks Canada developed a 4. Provision of Tools, Training, ciently as possible, and is funded in prototype for the GIS Atlas. The Atlas is a and Best Practices proportion to the benefit it provides to web-based tool that, when implemented, A few years ago, PCA consolidated the Agency.” will serve basic desktop maps to the ~ software licences onto several licence To realize the vision, Parks Canada 4000 Parks Canada employees who do not servers. This has allowed PCA to pro- is using the following seven strategies: have the time or skills to access project- vide almost the full suites of ESRI and 1. Coordinated GIS Planning at The based GIS information. PCI software to all geomatics employ- National, Service Centre, and This year, Parks Canada is complet- ees, while saving tens of thousands of Area Field Levels; ing a prototype for a national dollars per year in licence costs. We also Closure Management System 2. Development of Corporate that is offer shared licensing for some Trimble, Geomatics Applications; required by several systems. It will help Idrisi, and Leica software products. 3. Development of a GIS Infrastructure; field-staff manage and communicate areas 4. Implementation of Geospatial of national parks that are closed due to What is Next? Information Management Standards; problem wildlife or forest fires. When Over the next three years, Parks 5. Provision of Tools, Training, and implemented, the application will reduce Canada will continue to use the GIS Best Practices; risk to wildlife, employees, and the public, UNA methodology to define require- 6. Increased Awareness by Managers and help PCA document the steps it took in ments of top agency priorities. Two of of How Geomatics Contributes to the management of each closure. the priorities identified thus far are: Business Outcomes; and Over the last two years, Parks Canada 7. Development and Implementation developed two successive prototypes of an 1. a GIS component for an asset of a Geomatics Accountability Internet map system for visitors to management system, and Framework. National Parks and National Historic 2. a law enforcement / incident Sites. The system, if funded, would help management / central dispatch Progress the Agency address issues of “competitive occurrence tracking system. Over the past couple of years, position”, the top risk identified by the 2010 Parks Canada Corporate Plan Parks Canada has made progress on . We All of the Product Descriptions Inter-Agency some of these initiatives: have been working with the from the national UNA will be rolled

66 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 up to refine technical requirements of the Parcs Canada 1. Planification coordonnée des SIG GIS Infrastructure, and to define an aux niveaux national, régional et agency-wide GIS Data Model that will local; be used by data stewards at their local Contexte 2. Développement d’applications sites. Because everyone will be follow- corporatives en géomatique; ing a consistent data model, the L’Agence Parcs Canada (APC) gère 3. Développement d’une infrastruc- Infrastructure will be able to replicate 42 parcs nationaux, 4 aires marines natio- ture SIG; data from the national parks and historic nales de conservation, 167 lieux histo- 4. Mise en place de normes de ges- sites to a central database, and on to the riques nationaux et commémore plus de tion de l’information géospatiale; consuming applications. Once these data 1500 lieux, personnages et évènements 5. Rendre disponible les outils, la sets have been assembled nationally, d’importance historique nationale. L’APC formation et les pratiques exem- Parks Canada will be able to share them utilise les systèmes d’information géogra- plaires; with other government departments and phique (SIG) et la géomatique depuis la 6. Sensibilisation des gestionnaires à with the public through the Canadian fin des années 1970 pour aider la prise de la contribution de la géomatique Geospatial Data Infrastructure. décision. Jusqu’à très récemment, la géo- pour l’amélioration de la prise de Within the next two years, Parks matique à Parcs Canada a principalement décision et l’atteinte des objectifs Canada plans to develop and imple- été utilisée et implantée projet par projet. stratégiques ; ment Geospatial Information L’utilisation de ces outils est croissante et 7. Développement et mise en œuvre Management Standards. Successful maintenant un peu plus de 1!% du budget d’un cadre de responsabilisation implementation of the standards will en salaires est consacré aux activités de de la géomatique. help preserve the value of our geospa- géomatique. Actuellement, il y a 70 utili- tial data assets, and ensure that they sateurs principaux (plus de la moitié de État d’avancement can be discovered and shared where leur semaine moyenne de travail) et 155 utilisateurs occasionnels des outils géoma- Depuis la définition de la vision appropriate. Parks Canada will contin- en géomatique, Parcs Canada a réalisé IACG Sub- tique, répartis entre le bureau national, les ue to work with the des progrès sur quelques unes de ses Committee on the Implementation of centres de services (régional) et les unités stratégies. the Treasury Board Standard on de gestion (local). Dans la plupart des organisations, la Geospatial Data. 1. Planification coordonnée des SIG géomatique est utilisée pour répondre à un besoin spécifique. Parcs Canada ne fait En 2007, APC a complété une Remember Where the Real Work analyse des besoins des utilisateurs is Happening pas exception à cette règle. Pourtant, les avantages sont nombreux à élargir l’utili- (ABU) de SIG pour six sites dans It is important to remember, that l’agence en utilisant la méthodologie while all of this organizing work pro- sation de la géomatique à l’ensemble des activités d’une organisation. Dans cette de Tomlinson. Depuis, l’APC a raffiné ceeds at a corporate level, Parks Canada la méthodologie des ABU et l’a adopté still has about 225 people conducting optique, le comité exécutif a récemment décidé que les employés en géomatique comme norme pour l’identification des project-based geomatics activity to besoins en SIG. L’an passé, Parcs meet day-to-day and year-to-year busi- devraient fournir un soutien à l’ensemble des activités de l’Agence. Canada a commencé une ABU natio- ness requirements at the departmental nale pour identifier les applications and field office levels. This activity Dorénavant, la géomatique est sous la responsabilité du dirigeant principal de corporatives prioritaires et a détermi- ranges from evaluating species-at-risk né les besoins du Système intégré State of the Park l’information (DPI) et les spécialistes en habitat, creating national de l’immobilier, l’Atlas SIG Reports, modeling environmental géomatique demeurent sous la responsabi- lité de leurs gestionnaires respectifs et et la cartographie Internet pour les assessments, helping to find lost people, visiteurs. and helping to manage forest fires. The l’ensemble doit veiller à rencontrer les priorités entières de l’Agence. challenge for Parks Canada will be 2. Développement d’applications developing and implementing the Vision et stratégies pour la corporatives en géomatique national systems, standards, and best- Parcs Canada est en train d’éva- practices while maintaining the pro- géomatique à Parcs Canada luer les propositions de contrat pour le ductivity of its employees. La vision de la géomatique à Parcs Système intégré national de l’immo- Canada est très simple!: «!La géomatique bilier (SINI). Ce système permettra de est appliquée aux priorités de la façon la partager les données spatiales de la plus efficace possible et est financée en gestion des biens (registre de proprié- Brock Fraser proportion des bénéfices qu’elle fournit à té des biens, baux et licences) avec le Geomatics Coordinator l’Agence!». reste du personnel de l’Agence tout en Parks Canada Agency Pour mettre en œuvre cette vision, augmentant l’efficacité des 50 agents http://www.pc.gc.ca Parcs Canada a défini sept stratégies!: du service immobilier. Ces données

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 67 seront également partagées avec le réplication des données spatiales de 20 applications corporatives et permettra Centre canadien de gestion cadastrale parcs nationaux vers un serveur central. à Parcs Canada de partager les don- (Direction de l’arpenteur général de Un des principaux obstacles identifiés a nées avec d’autres organismes gou- Ressources naturelles Canada) et la été la gestion de la cache cartographique vernementaux et le public par l’entre- Direction du Répertoire des biens nationale. Pour remédier à cette probléma- mise de l’Infrastructure canadienne de immobiliers fédéraux (compilation du tique, Parcs Canada a développé un script données géospatiales (ICDG). Conseil du Trésor du Canada). de création de caches à partir des deltas L’Agence planifie également de L’an passé Parcs Canada a déve- afin de réduire cette pression sur les res- développer et de mettre en place des loppé un projet-pilote pour l’Atlas sources informatiques. Le script ne refait normes pour la gestion de l’informa- SIG. L’Atlas est un outil Web qui, pas la cache en entier à chaque fois mais tion géospatiale. Ces normes aideront lorsque mis en œuvre, rendra acces- bien seulement les parties ayant changé à préserver la valeur des données géo- sibles des cartes de base pour l’en- dans la géodatabase sous-jacente. Suite à spatiales et faciliteront le partage et la semble des employés (environ 4!000) un financement, ce système serait transfé- découverte des données. En ce sens, qui n’ont pas les connaissances ou le ré vers un environnement de production Parcs Canada poursuivra sa collabora- temps pour accéder aux données de dès l’an prochain. tion avec le sous-comité du CMOIG projets SIG. qui est chargé de la mise en œuvre des Cette année, Parcs Canada est en 4. Outils, formation et pratiques normes du Conseil du Trésor du train de compléter un prototype pour exemplaires Canada sur les données géospatiales. un système de fermeture de zones qui Il y a quelques années, Parcs Canada a est requis par plusieurs autres sys- consolidé la gestion des droits d’utilisation Souvenez-vous d’où le vrai travail tèmes. Ce dernier aidera les employés des logiciels géomatiques sur des serveurs est fait sur le terrain à la gestion et à la com- de licences. Cette pratique a permis de Malgré l’avancement de toutes ces munication des zones de fermetures rendre accessible, à tout le personnel en initiatives nationales, spécifions qu’il y dans les parcs en raison de la faune ou géomatique, l’ensemble des produits ESRI a plus de 225 utilisateurs qui répondent de feux de forêt. Lorsque mise en et PCI tout en économisant plusieurs mil- quotidiennement à des demandes œuvre, l’application réduira le risque liers de dollars. Des licences partagées sont reliées aux opérations courantes de pour la faune, les employés et le public également disponibles pour d’autres pro- géomatique pour les parcs et lieux et aidera aussi l’APC à documenter les duits offerts par Trimble, Idrisi et Leica. historiques nationaux. Ces tâches tou- étapes qu’elle a utilisées pour la ges- chent plusieurs activités et pro- tion de chaque zone de fermeture. Et ensuite? grammes reliés au mandat de Parcs Depuis 2008, Parcs Canada a Dans les trois prochaines années, Canada tels, l’évaluation des habitats développé deux prototypes successifs Parcs Canada continuera d’utiliser la des espèces en péril, la création de pour un système de cartographie méthodologie de l’ABU de SIG pour défi- rapports sur l’état des parcs, la modé- Internet pour les visiteurs des parcs nir les besoins des priorités de l’Agence. lisation d’évaluations environnemen- nationaux et lieux historiques natio- À ce jour, les deux priorités identifiées tales, l’aide pour trouver les personnes naux. Ce système vise à positionner sont de mettre en place une composante disparues, la gestion des feux de forêt, l’Agence par rapport à la concurrence, géomatique pour : etc. Le défi pour Parcs Canada sera de aspect identifié comme le plus haut développer et de mettre en œuvre ces risque dans le plan d’entreprise 2010. 1. un système de gestion des biens systèmes nationaux, les normes pour la La collaboration avec le sous-comité gestion de l’information et les pratiques de la normalisation des sites et l’acces- 2. un système de suivi pour l’application exemplaires tout en maintenant les sibilité pour la cartographie Internet du de la loi, la gestion des incidents et la activités et la productivité des utilisa- Comité mixte des organismes intéres- répartition centralisée des incidents. teurs de la géomatique. sés à la géomatique (CMOIG) a permis de comprendre les besoins en informa- L’ensemble des besoins nationaux tion pour la planification de voyages. identifiés par l’ABU sera compilé pour L’objectif est d’atteindre ou surpasser raffiner les besoins techniques de l’infra- les normes du gouvernement fédéral structure géomatique et définir des tout en offrant une application carto- modèles de données nationaux qui seront graphique rapide, participative et utilisés localement dans les différents conviviale. sites. Avec l’utilisation d’un modèle de données commun, il sera possible de répli- 3. Infrastructure SIG quer les données à partir des parcs et lieux Brock Fraser L’an passé, Parcs Canada a mis historiques nationaux à une base centrale Coordonnateur de la géomatique en place une infrastructure SIG en de données. Cette base centrale de don- Agence Parcs Canada mode développement permettant la nées sera utilisée pour les différentes http://www.pc.gc.ca

68 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Public Works and Argentia Remediation The additional feature this site Project (2003 to present) offers is the extensive mapping of mine Government Services workings and information on mine With an 8000 hectare former US Naval openings. Many properties owned by Canada Base the Argentia project team’s goal was the CBDC are located on or near one of to compile and summarize fifty years of many coal seam outcrops (intersects The Public Works and information from the US Navy as well as between the ground surfaces). This Government Services Canada integrate environmental assessment and near surface coal was subject to boot- (PWGSC) Atlantic have continued to remediation projects into a single reposito- legging, subsidence and/or mine water develop innovative ways to use web- ry. The web-based GIS application enabled issues. In addition, many properties based GIS management tools since the project team, private industry and a land were retained by the CBDC because 1994. From major crown construct management group to quickly view envi- they are the site of former mine opera- projects, to complex remediation pro- ronmental investigation work as well as tions with shafts or other engineered grams and nation-wide business pro- general project information through one openings. The mine mapping GIS grams, web-based GIS software has application—ESRI ArcIMS. overlay allows easy reference to identi- provided the PWGSC with an effi- The Argentia GIS application includes fy any of these issues or more impor- cient and remote access based system. a site summary tool that is linked to a tantly for health and safety issues relat- It provides a single, secure, audit library of digital documents. The site sum- ed to ground stability assurance during ready, repository of geographic and mary tool lists information regarding proj- remediation construction. textual data with direct remote popu- ect files, summary of work, contaminates of lation, query, analysis, reporting and concern, remedial action plans, status, year Sydney Tar Ponds and dissemination capabilities. The inno- of work, environmental site assessments, vative use of this application with links to photos, and a project library. Coke Ovens Remediation other off the shelf applications has Studies and projects were both areal Project (2005-present) enabled multiple stakeholders, both and linear. To ensure site information was After a hundred years of steel government and industry, to exchange effectively captured during the close out production, the GIS provides histori- information quickly and efficiently in reporting process, reports were geographi- cal and current environmental and a safe and secure web-based environ- cally identified using a US Army grid sys- remediation data in a spatial format. It ment. Using Autodesk MapGuide, tem overlay on the GIS. With the touch of (ESRI Arc Server and SQL Server) is ESRI IMS, ESRI ArcServer, SQL a button the project team was able to linked directly to a MS SharePoint Enterprise and Oracle database tech- access a list of all reports for any one grid application to ensure efficient nologies linked with other software (100 yard area). exchange of documents and pictures such as MS Share Point, the PWGSC to one location while still being acces- Atlantic has managed complex proj- Cape Breton Development sible through multiple web-based ects. These include the Confederation Corporation (CBDC) Mine environments. Information gathered Bridge construction project connect- Closure Program (2002-present) and filed during the Project in ing New Brunswick and Prince Sharepoint is linked to the GIS appli- Edward Island, remediation projects A GIS application is used to manage cation to track progress as well as such as the Sydney Tar Ponds and the CBDC mine closure program. It facili- store valuable information. Coke Ovens Project, Cape Breton tates the management of property mapping Development Corporation (CBDC) and aerial photographs, site photos, health Mine Closure Program, the Argentia, and safety, and environmental information Newfoundland, US naval base clo- for over 700 sites associated with former sure, and the national business struc- coal mining operations. The application ture of the Accelerated Infrastructure provides tools to search and sort property Program in the Atlantic region. GIS details, environmental assessment reports, based data management provides an and figures, analytical data and historical ongoing project management tool in mine working details—using Autodesk spatial organization and presentation MapGuide. that is efficient and easy for multi As an example, the former Princess Alana Devanney level usage. Mine Site underwent environmental site GIS Specialist, PWGSC The following projects demon- investigations, remedial action planning, Belinda Campbell strate examples of how GIS was or is and design and remediation construction Environmental Specialist/Engineer used to facilitate and manage some all aided through the information sharing Public Works and Government major crown projects: between consultants, the PWGSC and the Services Canada CBDC project managers. http://www.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca/

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 69 Statistics Canada— addressed road network source data. In Geographic Concepts conjunction with Natural Resources Geography Division defines and Geography Division Canada and Elections Canada, agreements develops sets of standard geographic on road network source data for British areas and subsequently delineates Statistics Canada’s Geography Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, Quebec, these areas in support of the collec- Division is the centre of excellence Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and the tion, analysis, and dissemination of for geography subject matter and Yukon have been established providing statistical data. The standard geo- Geographic Information Systems provincial/territorial sources for named graphic areas for dissemination (GIS) for Statistics Canada. The divi- and addressed road network data. include both administrative areas (e.g. sion’s services include the creation Over time, the division intends to align municipalities) and statistical areas and management of spatial data its road network data to the geometry of (e.g. census metropolitan areas). The frames and the provision of data and provincial/territorial source datasets, when division monitors the evolution of the tools to support the Agency’s collec- and where a high quality source is avail- municipal structure in Canada in order tion activities and dissemination of able. Once this activity is completed in a to ensure an up-to-date set of legislat- statistical data. The four major ele- province, the geometry of the division’s ed geographic areas are available and ments of the division’s program are: road network will be very similar to that of included within the Standard management and maintenance of the the provincial network. This should result Geographical Classification System. Spatial Data Infrastructure; manage- in more efficient updating of the more than The division also works with provin- ment and maintenance of the Address 1.3 million kilometres of road network. It cial/territorial focal points, and Register; development of geographic will also make it easier for provincial data regional and local municipalities to concepts; and the provision of geo- users to integrate Statistics Canada’s small define sub-municipal geographic graphic products and services. In area boundaries, and related statistical data, areas to ensure the relevance of these addition, Statistics Canada’s within their own databases. small geographic areas. In addition, Geography Division collaborates with Geography Division develops, in con- all levels of government to foster the The Address Register junction with statistical programs, sets development of a national geographic The Address Register (AR) is updated of geographic areas for use by collec- system. This collaboration is essential using administrative data sources, field tion and processing activities. for developing strategies for efficient listing, and survey feedback results to Geography Division has under- and cost-effective acquisition of the maintain the list of dwellings in the AR. taken a comprehensive review of the data required to maintain Statistics Historically, the AR has been used by the methodology used in the delineation Canada’s Spatial Data Infrastructure census as a coverage field check and for of census metropolitan areas and cen- and the Address Register. the 2006 Census as a list frame for pur- sus agglomerations (CMA/CA) poses of collection in mail-out areas. The towards the 2016 Census. The The Spatial Data AR is now being used by other household methodology for CMA/CA delin- Infrastructure surveys as a frame, and this use is expect- eation was last fully reviewed in the mid-1970s, with some updates made Geography Division develops and ed to increase over time. since that time. As part of the review, maintains Statistics Canada’s Spatial The division uses several mainte- Statistics Canada will be consulting Data Infrastructure (SDI) consisting of nance processes which contribute to the with our stakeholders. The consulta- a series of databases in which the spa- timeliness and accuracy of dwelling tion will include key federal depart- tial data frame is maintained and addresses in the AR. First, all civic style ments, provincial/territorial represen- stored. A significant portion of this dwelling addresses (i.e. number, apartment tatives, and key municipal stakeholder frame is maintained jointly by number, street name, type, and direction) groups, and subsequently produce a Statistics Canada and Elections identified within census operations are report on a proposed methodology. Canada within the National harvested from data holdings to update the The report will be used to conduct a Geographic Database (NGD). The AR. After 2006, this resulted in the inclu- broader consultation in late 2011. The NGD includes a national coverage of sion of nearly 96% of all 2006 Census target is to define a new delineation roads (geometry, names, and address dwellings within the AR. Secondly, a quar- methodology by the end of 2012. ranges), the hydrographic network, and terly updating process using several the boundaries of the block structure. administrative data sources is used. Lastly, These data are used to produce spatial a field listing operation targeting small Geographic Products and data products (e.g. maps, reference areas where dwelling coverage in the AR Services files) and enable the geocoding of the is of concern based on analysis of admin- A comprehensive suite of geo- Address Register to geographic areas. istrative source data is undertaken. The graphic products and services is creat- A key data requirement for the results of this listing operation are then ed and widely used in the public, pri- maintenance of the SDI is named and used to update the AR. vate, and academic sectors. Following

70 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 each census, Geography Division comprennent la création et la gestion de Au fil du temps, la Division a l’in- releases a series of reference products bases de données spatiales et la fourniture tention d’aligner ses données du réseau (e.g. reference maps, road network de données et d’outils pour appuyer les routier sur la géométrie des jeux de file, boundary files) that enable users activités de collecte de l’agence et la dif- données de sources provinciales/terri- to relate statistical data to geographic fusion des données statistiques. Les quatre toriales, dans les cas et où une source areas, increasing the interpretability principaux éléments du programme de la de grande qualité est disponible. Une of small area data. Geography Division sont les suivants!: gestion et mise fois que cette activité sera terminée Division also ensures that its product à jour de l’Infrastructure de données spa- dans une province, la géométrie du line is consistent with current industry tiales; gestion et mise à jour du Registre réseau routier de la Division sera très standards in the continually growing des adresses; développement de concepts similaire à celle du réseau provincial. field of GIS. géographiques; fourniture de produits et Cela devrait donner lieu à une mise à Geography Division collaborates de services géographiques. En outre, la jour plus efficace de plus de 1,3 million with all levels of government to foster Division collabore avec tous les ordres de de km du réseau routier. Cela facilitera the development of a national geo- gouvernement pour favoriser l’élaboration en outre la tâche des utilisateurs de graphic system. This collaboration is d’un système géographique national. Cette données provinciales pour l’intégration essential for developing strategies for collaboration est essentielle à l’élaboration des limites des petites régions de efficient and cost effective acquisition de stratégies en vue de l’acquisition effica- Statistique Canada et des données sta- of the data required to maintain the ce et rentable des données requises pour tistiques connexes dans leurs propres Spatial Data Infrastructure. The tenir à jour l’Infrastructure de données bases de données. development of national common spatiales de Statistique Canada et le geographic data will contribute to the Registre des adresses. Le Registre des adresses continued improvement in the quality L’Infrastructure de Le Registre des adresses (RA) est of Statistics Canada’s data. In addi- mis à jour en utilisant des sources de tion, the use of common geographic données spatiales données administratives, le listage sur data will benefit users who integrate La Division de la géographie élabore le terrain et les mises à jour consécu- statistical data from various sources. et met à jour l’Infrastructure de données tives aux sondages pour maintenir la If you have any questions regard- spatiales (IDS) de Statistique Canada, qui liste des logements dans le RA. ing Statistics Canada’s Geography comprend une série de bases de données Historiquement, le RA a été utilisé dans Division’s products or services, dans lesquelles est conservé et mis à jour le cadre du recensement comme outil please call GeoHelp at 613-951-3889 un cadre de données spatiales. Une part de vérification de la couverture sur le or email [email protected] . importante de ce cadre est mise à jour terrain et, pour le Recensement de conjointement par Statistique Canada et 2006, comme base de listes, aux fins de Élections Canada à l’intérieur de la Base la collecte dans les secteurs d’envoi par nationale de données géographiques la poste. Le RA est maintenant utilisé (BNDG). La BNDG comprend toutes les comme base de sondage pour d’autres Joe Kresovic routes au pays (géométrie, noms et enquêtes auprès des ménages et on Director tranches d’adresses), le réseau hydrogra- s’attend à ce que cette utilisation aug- Geography Division phique, ainsi que les limites de la structu- mente avec le temps. La Division a mis Statistics Canada re des îlots. Ces données servent à élabo- en œuvre plusieurs processus de mise à http://statcan.gc.ca rer des produits de données spatiales (p. jour, qui permettent d’améliorer l’ac- ex. cartes, fichiers de référence) et permet- tualité et l’exactitude des adresses des tent le géocodage du Registre des adresses logements au RA. Tout d’abord, toutes en fonction des régions géographiques. les adresses de logements de type Des données source du réseau routier municipal (c’est-à-dire, le numéro, le Statistique Canada – comportant des noms et des adresses numéro de l’appartement, le nom de la constituent une exigence clé pour la mise à rue, le type et la direction) identifiées Division de la jour de l’IDS. De concert avec Ressources dans le cadre des opérations du naturelles Canada et Élections Canada, des Recensement ont été recueillies à partir géographie ententes sur les données source du réseau des fonds de données, afin de mettre à routier avec la Colombie-Britannique, jour le RA. Après 2006, il en est résul- La Division de la géographie agit l’Alberta, l’Ontario, le Québec, la té une inclusion de près de 96! % de comme centre d’excellence pour les Nouvelle-Écosse, l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard tous les logements du Recensement de secteurs spécialisés en géographie et et le Yukon ont été conclues pour fournir 2006 dans le RA. En deuxième lieu, un les Systèmes d’information géogra- des données du réseau routier comportant processus de mise à jour trimestrielle, à phique (SIG) de Statistique Canada. des noms et des adresses provenant des partir de plusieurs sources de données Ces services fournis par la Division sources provinciales/territoriales. administratives, a été mis en œuvre.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 71 Enfin, une opération de listage sur le ensembles de régions géographiques faire un lien entre les données statis- terrain a été lancée et visait les petites devant être utilisés pour les activités de col- tiques et les régions géographiques, ce régions où la couverture des logements lecte et de traitement. qui augmente l’intelligibilité des don- dans le RA suscite des préoccupations, La Division de la géographie a entre- nées régionales. La Division de la géo- selon une analyse des données de pris un examen exhaustif de la méthodolo- graphie veille à ce que ses gammes de sources administratives. Les résultats gie utilisée pour délimiter les régions produits correspondent aux normes de cette opération de listage sont alors métropolitaines de recensement et les actuelles de l’industrie dans le domai- utilisés pour mettre à jour le RA. agglomérations du recensement ne des SIG. (RMR/AR) en vue du Recensement de La Division de la géographie colla- Les concepts 2016. La méthodologie pour la délimita- bore avec tous les ordres de gouverne- tion des RMR/AR a été passée en revue ment pour favoriser l’établissement géographiques complètement pour la dernière fois au d’un système géographique national. La Division définit et élabore des milieu des années!70, et certaines mises à Cette collaboration est essentielle à ensembles de régions géographiques jour y ont été apportées depuis. Statistique l’élaboration de stratégies, en vue de normalisées et par la suite, délimite ces Canada consultera ses intervenants au l’acquisition efficace et rentable des régions pour appuyer la collecte, l’ana- sujet de l’examen de la méthodologie de données requises pour tenir à jour lyse et la diffusion des données statis- délimitation des RMR/AR pour 2016. Les l’Infrastructure de données spatiales. tiques. Les régions géographiques nor- consultations se tiendront auprès des L’élaboration de données géogra- malisées aux fins de la diffusion com- ministères fédéraux clés, les coordonna- phiques communes au niveau national prennent à la fois des régions adminis- teurs statistiques provinciaux/territoriaux contribuera à l’amélioration continue tratives (p.!ex. des municipalités) et des et des groupes clés d’intervenants munici- de la qualité des données de la Division. régions statistiques (p.!ex. des régions paux, et produira par la suite un rapport En outre, l’utilisation de données géo- métropolitaines de recensement). La sur la méthodologie proposée. Le rapport graphiques communes profitera aux Division suit de près l’évolution de la sera utilisé pour procéder à une vaste utilisateurs qui intègrent des données structure des municipalités au Canada consultation à la fin de 2011. L’objectif statistiques de diverses sources. afin de veiller à ce qu’un ensemble à consiste à définir une nouvelle méthodolo- Si vous avez des questions au jour de régions géographiques définies gie de délimitation d’ici la fin de 2012. sujet des produits et services de la par la loi soit disponible et inclus dans Division de la géographie de le système de Classification géogra- Les produits et services Statistique Canada, veuillez commu- phique type. La Division collabore en niquer avec Info-GÉO au 613-951- outre avec les coordonnateurs statis- géographiques 3889 ou par courriel infogeo@stat- tiques provinciaux/territoriaux et les Un ensemble exhaustif de produits et can.gc.ca. J municipalités, aux niveaux régional et de services géographiques est créé et est local, en vue de définir des régions largement utilisé par les secteurs public, géographiques inframunicipales, afin privé et universitaire. Après chaque recen- Joe Kresovic d’assurer la pertinence de ces petites sement, la Division diffuse une série de Directeur régions géographiques. En outre, la produits de référence (p.!ex. cartes de réfé- Division de la géographie Division élabore, de concert avec les rence, fichier du réseau routier, fichiers des Statistique Canada programmes statistiques, des limites), qui permettent aux utilisateurs de http://statcan.gc.ca

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72 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 PROVINCIAL AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENT ACTIVITIES 2007-2011

While the Resource Information and GIS-mapping data, which can be Management Branch (RIMB) within SRD found at: http://www.landuse.alber- is responsible for the core base-mapping ta.ca, along with much more informa- features, there exists a mix of private sector, tion. The South Saskatchewan not-for-profit and other government deliv- Regional Advisory Council is expect- ery mechanisms to create and maintain ed to provide its advice to government related products and information. in December 2010. Land-use classifi- Within the Alberta government, a cation maps, land-use layers and GIS strategic approach to integrated program mapping data files for the region will delivery is a key focus. Two examples of be available on the website at that initiatives embodying integrated approach- time. Development of the remaining es include the Land-use Framework and five regional plans will follow. GeoDiscover Alberta. ALBERTA GeoDiscover Alberta Land-use Framework The GeoDiscover Alberta Alberta Sustainable The Land-use Framework (LUF) is a Program (GDA) evolved from the Resource Development bold, new approach to guide the way Alberta Sustainable Resource and The Ministry of Sustainable Albertans use the land and natural Environmental Management (SREM) Resource Development (SRD) admin- resources. Our intent is to manage our lands Information-Sharing Initiative spon- isters Alberta’s Surveys Act. wisely and ensure that Alberta remains a sored by the Departments of Energy, Responsibilities in the act include great place to live, work, and raise a family Environment, Sustainable Resource coordination of geographic informa- – for ourselves, our children and grandchil- Development and the Energy tion components such as provincial dren. Under LUF, seven new land-use Resources Conservation Board. The positioning, mapping and land-related regions were created based on watersheds objective is to further the sharing of information systems. As such, while and rural municipal boundaries. Two prior- geospatial information across the geographic information is becoming a ity regional plans were identified and are Government of Alberta (GoA) and relevant or even a key part of business underway—the Lower Athabasca and between the GoA and its stakeholders. in many Alberta ministries, SRD South Saskatchewan regional plans. Each The GeoDiscover Alberta vision serves as the lead ministry for the gov- region will have a regional advisory coun- is based on a federated model with ernment on these issues. Spatial infor- cil to provide advice to the government as it multiple groups working together col- mation underpins much of SRD’s busi- drafts the regional plans. laboratively to develop and imple- ness, but it is also recognized as a nec- Advice from the Lower Athabasca ment shared policies, standards, infor- essary component of orderly provincial Regional Advisory Council included land- mation products and services, and land-use planning and development. use classification maps, land-use layers technical solutions. The objective of

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 73 the program is to facilitate informa- and is regularly updated. Approximately issues related to surveying, mapping, tion sharing through development of a 11,000 new plans are integrated yearly. and geodesy. The Unit continues to framework and supporting tools to: Rural data are available within 6,550 town- focus on development of High ships and urban cities and towns data are Precision Networks (HPN) at the • Identify and inventory land and available in 69 communities. Rural data are municipal level, integration of Global geographic information products; available in Universal Transverse Mercator Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) •Simplify access to these productsand 10-degree Transverse Mercator projec- base stations, height modernization, by establishing a cohesive portfo- tions, and urban data are available in 3- and general maintenance of the geo- lio of principles, policies, stan- degree Transverse Mercator and 10-degree detic spatial referencing system. The dards and best practices to enable Transverse Mercator projections. Cities of Edmonton and Calgary con- access to and sharing of informa- Cadastral data are available in tinue to lead the way in terms of HPN tion; and MicroStation design file (DGN) and maintenance and expansion. •Provide online access, evalua-AutoCad (DWG, DXF) formats and are Discussion is on-going with various tion, and basic analysis tools based on the NAD83 datum. The cities of GNSS base station service providers using common services that link Calgary and Edmonton, federal lands and regarding formal integration of base authorized consumers to defini- Métis lands are not included in this dataset. stations into the geodetic spatial refer- tive sources of data and services. Additional information on cadastral encing system. With regard to the mapping in the province, including sample modernization of the height reference Key accomplishments in 2009 data, can be found at the AltaLIS Ltd. Website: system in Alberta, the Unit continues and 2010 include the following: http://www.altalis.com/prod_prop_cad.html to validate data and prepare for migra- tion to the new geoid-based vertical •Launched successfully a portalDisposition Mapping datum, anticipated in late 2013. accessible to all GoA staff, with The Digital Integrated Dispositions Alberta’s Multipurpose Alberta more than 200 data layers and (DIDs) initiative, which maps all public Surveys Control Operations and Tasks services; land activities and new applications for (MASCOT) Survey System has been • Established a Policy Framework, licences, leases, and permits (dispositions), updated to a web-based server environ- including Information and Data was completed on October 1, 2009, and ment using ORACLE Application Management Guidelines and a entered into a monthly update cycle. The Server. MASCOT is used by the Unit Geospatial Metadata Standard; DIDs initiative facilitates effective and effi- to load, edit, adjust, and publish and cient land-use management and better deci- Alberta Survey Control data and forms • Engaged an extended group of sion-making for sustainable resource the backbone of the Unit’s establish- GoA ministries in the definition development. In support of this mapping ment and maintenance of the provincial of definitive authoritative data initiative, new disposition plans are being geodetic spatial-referencing system. sources, shared acquisition of submitted in a digital, geo-referenced for- Various other activities have been data and services, and potential mat. Currently, there are approximately undertaken in support of our internal provisioning of additional data 240,000 disposition activities on public (departmental) and external clients. and information products. land plus an additional 10,000 new appli- Support was provided for such things cations per year. This four-year project was as: the NAD83 (Original) versus Surveys and Technical initiated on August 1, 2005, through an NAD83 (CSRS) coordinate transfor- Services Section arrangement with the Spatial Data mation grid; control marker coordinate Warehouse Ltd. (SDW) and is being fund- data and analysis for LiDAR data Cadastral Mapping ed through the collection of a mapping fee acquisition; geoid model use in Since 1997, Spatial Data for each new disposition. Alberta; generation of coordinate data Warehouse Ltd. in partnership with Additional information on disposition sets for external users of the geodetic AltaLIS Ltd., has been responsible for mapping in the province, including sample spatial-referencing system; EDM cali- maintaining, marketing, managing, data, can be found at the AltaLIS Ltd. Website: bration survey analysis; development http://www.altalis.com/prod_prop_disp.html and distributing the Government of of standards and specifications for Alberta’s cadastral mapping data. GNSS surveying; and numerous one- Maintenance of the data is supported Geodetic Control off requests for data or support related by digital plan submissions and collec- The Geodetic Control Unit is primari- to geodesy, surveying, and mapping. tion of a $100 mapping fee for plans ly responsible for the maintenance and registered at the Land Titles office. enhancement of the provincial geodetic Resource Information spatial-referencing system and its associ- The data depict block lines, lot Management Branch lines, lot numbers, road limits, right of ated infrastructure. The Unit is also tasked way limits, plan numbers, dimensions, with provision of technical support to The Resource Information and other information found on plans internal and external clients on various Management Branch (RIMB) is a

74 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 service organization with a primary also has substantial areas of federally con- •Registered Documents (29,000,000) focus on developing and maintaining trolled lands, national parks, and Indian •Registered Survey Plans (366,000) a reliable land-information base to Reserves. Capturing Alberta Vegetation •Township Plans—for Alberta which all other natural resource and Inventory information within the Green Sustainable Resource Development land-management information can be Area is the responsibility of Sustainable (44,000) related. Collectively, this information Resource Development (SRD) and •Field Notes—for Alberta serves as the foundation for informed forestry companies with forest manage- Sustainable Resource Development decision-making by resource man- ment agreements (FMAs). (44,000) agers within Alberta. These land- The Grassland Vegetation Inventory •Alberta Survey Control information data are being managed (GVI) is the Alberta Government’s inven- Monuments—for SRD (20,000) and maintained in a central corporate tory for the grassland and parkland natural •Soils—Canada Land Inventory— repository providing provincial cover- regions within the province’s White Area. for Alberta Agriculture and Rural age and available in a format suitable The inventory is a comprehensive assess- Development to support requirements for the ment of this area’s landscape including •Other GoA Land-Related Services Government of Alberta, key stake- native vegetation, range site descriptions, (e.g., cemeteries) holders and the public. lentic and lotic features, and anthro- •Day Forward Imaging of Registered The spatial mapping data collec- pogenic characteristics such as cropping, Documents tively referred to as Base Features con- irrigation, pastures and industrial features. •Volume Data Services—(i.e., thou- sist of six separate, but fully integrated The inventory is being captured using dig- sands of titles) themes: Alberta Township System ital stereo colour infrared imagery at 0.4- (ATS), Hydrography, Hypsography metre ground resolution. In 2008-2009, The Phase 3 release of SPIN 2 (DEM), Access, Facilities and year three of this initiative, 209 townships included leading edge Web services GeoAdministrative Areas. During the were completed, bringing the total number and spatial data search capabilities 2008/09 fiscal year, 696 townships of of townships with GVI data to about 425. focused on meeting today’s GoA Base Features Access were updated, as needs. These services provide the well as 245 townships of hydrography Service Alberta ability for an external application to polygons (used for vegetation invento- Service Alberta is responsible for reg- directly query the SPIN 2 database ry updates). The whole province was istering land ownership rights in Alberta. for data. This ranges from a simple reviewed for facility activity, with The Land Titles Act provides the legisla- confirmation of a proper legal updates made accordingly. tive framework for the department to reg- description to actually receiving The Aerial Photography ister land-related documents that both cre- detailed surface or mineral title data Acquisition Program for 2008/09 con- ate and terminate legal rights in property. back to populate their own databases sisted of a total 112 projects. Of these, and/or applications in real time. 32 projects were completed for Alberta Land Titles System Using SPIN 2’s new spatial query Sustainable Resource Development capabilities, another ministry’s appli- (SRD) and 81 for Transportation. The Re-Development Status cation and/or geographical informa- SRD projects covered approximately In May of 2006, Alberta Land Titles tion system (GIS), can send a graphic 12,725 km² and supported vegetation introduced the Phase 3 release of its polygon of a geographically defined inventories, forest harvest updates, enhanced data delivery system SPIN 2 area and receive back a detailed data forest fire updates, land-use updates, (http://www.spin.gov.ab.ca), which is the response for all defined parcels. access / hydrography updates, and first implementation of a multi-year project It should be noted that Alberta biodiversity monitoring. The to redevelop Alberta’s entire Torrens-based Land Titles is a consumer of provin- Transportation projects were in sup- Land Titles Registration system, ALTA 2. cial cadastral and title mapping poly- port of highway / bridge alignment Building on the success of the original gon data (to facilitate spatially and condition and gravel pit volumes. SPIN system that provided legal-descrip- enabled searches in SPIN 2) and crit- Alberta is divided into three dis- tion-based or cadastral-map-based Web ical contributor in the update process tinct areas for administrative purpos- search access to registered plans of survey for these products. On a daily basis es. The Green Area, located in the and other Government of Alberta (GoA) Land Titles transfers newly registered northern and western portions of the land-related information, SPIN 2 has deliv- digital subdivision plans and land province, is primarily the unsettled ered access to Certified Land Titles, regis- titles to the out-sourced mapping portion of the province and forested tered documents (e.g., rights-of-way, service provider, Spatial Data lands not available for agricultural use caveats, easements) and volume (bulk) data Warehouse, for direct integration into other than animal grazing. The White services including the following: the cadastral and title polygon bases Area, located chiefly in the southeast within a responsive three-day time portion of the province, consists pri- •Registered Land Titles (2,056,000 cur-frame on average. marily of agricultural lands. Alberta rent titles—4,102,000 historical titles)

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 75 Alberta Transportation Recent Activities Alberta Transportation (TRANS) Maps are constantly used to serve is continuously developing and a multitude of needs for government improving the Transportation programs, industry and citizens. The Infrastructure Management System Government of Saskatchewan uses (TIMS). TIMS’ mission is to harness Geographic Information Systems knowledge assets to maximize the (GIS) and Geospatial data to support lifetime socio-economic value of business programs in most of its pri- Alberta’s transportation infrastructure mary ministries and agencies. Some investments. Geospatial data make up of the recent mapping activities under- the backbone of TIMS, and the GIS taken are further detailed below: application, namely the Geospatial http://www.geosask.ca Information Application (GIA), is a SASKATCHEWAN 1. Geo-portal ( ) fundamental component. Components is a single window entry point for such as geospatial representations of Saskatchewan’s geospatial data and the provincial and municipal network, Saskatchewan operates its geomatics map-based business applications. cartographic text, base map features, activities through a distributed service The site was initially launched in and geo-administrative boundaries are model in accordance with strategic direc- 2008/09 and continually provides maintained by GIA. All this informa- tions provided by a geomatics council of new data and information. The site tion is accessible through the TIMS’ senior executives. All ministries and agen- enables any user to discover, visual- WebMap using the intranet and cies of the government participate in the ize, and download Government of extranet to reach over 400 WebMap inter-agency geomatics business and tech- Saskatchewan geospatial data users. Also, in WebMap contains nical committees for broader cooperation through a number of services: Map TRANS’ Digital Videolog Library of and enterprise perspective. The Office of Gallery, Applications Gallery, near driver view video imagery, satel- Geomatics Coordination facilitates inter- Spatial Data Gallery, and Pre- lite imagery, aerial photography, and agency development towards common Packaged Data Gallery. Though the over 200 geospatial features. goals. site requires password authentica- Further, the annual maintenance Geomatics activities are focussed tion but is free to register and use. of the geospatial representations of towards advancing four primary goals: 2. Acquisition of new geospatial the provincial and municipal network imagery of the province is ongoing meets the National Road Network 1. Support significant improvements in through 2007-2011 with an imagery standards as specified on the GeoBase decision making refresh and maintenance program website (http://GeoBase.ca). The 2. Facilitate collaborative business models thereafter. The Saskatchewan Alberta portion of the National Road 3. Foster economic development and Geospatial Imagery Collaborative, Network dataset contains the repre- growth which cost-shares on the project, sentation of a continuous accurate 4. Create new or enhanced service delivery is a partnership of 30 organiza- centerline (yellow line in some cases) solutions tions representing Saskatchewan for all non-restricted roads in Alberta Government agencies, Federal that are five metres or more in width All ministries of government have Government agencies, and drivable with no barriers denying access to and are building thematic maps on Saskatchewan Municipalities, access. Included is a set of basic road a common base framework of digital map First Nations, Industry, communi- attributes, street names, place names, information. Base layers consist of cadastral ty-based organizations, and post- and block face address ranges. This data (land ownership parcels), topographic secondary institutions. SPOT satel- dataset is available at no cost to the data (water, roads, elevations, etc.) and lite panchromatic imagery of 2.5m end-user on GeoBase’s website there- imagery (from aerial photography and satel- resolution was acquired for 100% of by benefiting not only Albertans but lites). The cadastral, or surface parcel map, the province in 2007. The acquisi- all Canadians. is continuously updated in conjunction with tion of the more detailed 60cm the land titles registry process. colour orthophoto collection (2008- Phil Mackenzie, P.Eng. For several years, Saskatchewan has 11) is now approximately 80% com- Manager, Data Services had a policy of open access to standard plete with 100% coverage targeted GeoDiscover Alberta mapping information and most thematic for late 2011. An online system http://www.flysask.ca Government of Alberta data can be acquired by free download. An ( ) provides http://alberta.ca/ Internet portal (http://www.geosask.ca) imagery access for members and the has been implemented to make mapping public. This imagery is being used in ∞ ∞ ∞ products from all ministries and agencies dozens of business applications by more easily accessible. member agencies, the wider indus-

76 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 try and general public. A follow- development and construction plan- tools to be more broadly up refresh program will be imple- ning by industry. The new map- used within government mented following the initial pro- ping/GIS dataset layer is also avail- •Provide connectivity with gram’s completion. able through the Saskatchewan geo- key agencies for easier 3. Mineral Administrative Registry portal. exchange of dynamic cur- System (MARS) is an online dis- 6. Saskatchewan is very fortunate to have rent data for critical applica- covery, permitting and payment produced a cadastral map database a tions system for claiming parcels of few years ago and has subsequently • Enable integration of busi- land for mineral exploration. This developed a surface ownership parcel ness location intelligence project is presently nearing com- map layer synchronized with the into mainstream web appli- pletion with initial implementa- provincial Land Titles system. The cations and services tion scheduled for spring 2011. data is the most frequently used base 2. Crown Lands Administrative The project will utilize a number map in Saskatchewan as it represents Management System – A com- of other recently completed infra- the base on which all map layers mon administrative system based structure projects (Saskgrid defined by land parcel or survey sys- on accurate map information and basemap, Imagery, & Geosask tems are built. The data is maintained GIS analysis is planned for portal), along with the new per- daily and is available through development in 2011/12 by mitting and payment gateway to Information Services Corporation. Saskatchewan’s Land & Natural provide a much faster and more 7. The Agricultural Crown Land Map Viewer, Resource Management efficient system in support of (http://www.infomaps.gov.sk.ca/agri- Ministries. The system will facil- Saskatchewan’s rapidly expand- culture/ACLMV/) is an online mapping itate faster public application and ing resource economy. application that allows the public to search acquisition of appropriate per- 4. The Saskatchewan updated Road and view information and imagery of mits regarding crown land. Network map database is being government-owned agricultural land. Regulatory self compliance for maintained annually through a This has enabled the Ministry of organizations using the land will partnership arrangement between Agriculture to make more informed deci- also be facilitated, through the Governments of Canada and sion and promote sustainable develop- greater and easier access to up to Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan ment on more than seven million acres of date land restriction and caveat Highways and Transportation col- agricultural Crown land and over 80,000 information. The system will lects and maintains the road data land parcels that it manages. The appli- enable the agencies of govern- then shares the information with cation also supports the Ministry’s Crown ment to better coordinate their Natural Resources Canada for Land Sale Program by making it easy for efforts in managing provincial inclusion in the National Road farmers and ranchers to view agricultural land resources. Network (NRN) available on the Crown land available for purchase. The 3. Hydrographic map data – Natural Geobase Website application recently received an Award of Resources Canada has released (http://GeoBase.ca). This data is Excellence from ESRI Canada, which rec- the “Level 1” National Hydro also available from the ognizes outstanding achievements in the Network (NHN) for all of Saskatchewan geo-portal. application of GIS. The Award was pre- Canada. The Saskatchewan 5. The Geospatial Archaeological sented at the 2010 ESRI Canada User Watershed Authority (SWA) has Sensitivity System (GASS) proj- Conference in Regina. compiled a seamless version of ect was completed in 2010 to the NHN for all of Saskatchewan help developers in Saskatchewan Planned for 2010/12 and directly adjacent areas in get a rapid online indication of A number of key projects are expect- Alberta, Manitoba, Northwest archaeological, paleontological ed to be initiated or completed in the com- Territories, and Nunavut. or other heritage sensitivities in ing year(s) as follows: Updating this product is under- their project areas. The 1. Enterprise GIS – The Enterprise GIS way to improved stream connec- Archaeological Resource project was initiated in 2010 to con- tivity and flow direction informa- Management Section (ARMS) solidate the storage of Government of tion. SWA intends to make this currently reviews approximately Saskatchewan digital geospatial compiled and partially corrected 11,000 developments per year as information to better enable location subset version available on the part of land-use planning and business intelligence in government GeoSask Portal at: Environmental Impact decision making. The system will: https://www.geosask.ca/Portal/ Assessments. This project short- • Provide a common data store and in early 2011. ens the administrative time for eliminate duplicated GIS storage 4. Water Well Records—The development approval responses systems across government Saskatchewan Watershed and better facilitates resource •Enable existing GIS software and Authority is currently developing

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 77 a Web-based mapping application innovative and cost effective map informa- ronmental assessment, and resource to allow the public to spatially tion and services to the public. management initiatives. view, search, and query more than Project involvement includes the 125,000 water well records from John Potter, P.Eng. usage of the NOAA/AVHRR satellite its “Water Well Drillers Reports” Senior Geomatics Business and data between April 1 and October 30 database. The application is Policy Consultant for the Canadian World Crop expected to be publically avail- Office of Geomatics Coordination Monitoring Program. The Geocomp able from http://www.swa.ca in Information Technology Office of satellite image processing system pro- mid-2011. Saskatchewan duces daily and weekly composites 5. Geographic Addressing project— Government of Saskatchewan detecting change “happenings” for the The Ministry of Corrections, http://www.gov.sk.ca/ Global Climate Change Program along Public Safety and Policing with the Parks Canada Program. Work (CPSP) is developing a province is continuing in partnership with the ∞ ∞ ∞ wide geographic address database. Canadian Space Agency and the Civic addresses in major cities are Canadian Forest Service to extract land common, but this project will cover information from Landsat 7 additionslly implement a civic imagery. This is part of the Earth style address for all rural areas Observation for the Sustainable then accurately geo-code all Development of the Forest Project. address points with a coordinate Over 30 land cover classifications are location. A request for proposals being determined from the imagery. As was recently awarded to carry out part of the Kyoto Protocol, the Pacific the work with initial implementa- Forest Service and MRSC have agreed tion planned for 4th quarter of to evaluate the deforestation that has 2010. Results of this project will taken place between 2000 and 2006 integrate with the Road Network using Landsat imagery and other ancil- database and be of great value to lary data. The MRSC maps the Red not only CPSP but many other MANITOBA River Valley annually using Radarsat Ministries and agencies and 1&2 data. The MRSC also is the con- industry companies in tact and the liaison with the Canadian Saskatchewan as well. The mandate of the Geomatics and Space Agency for all Radarsat imagery 6. SaskBIZ Upgrade—SaskBIZ is a Remote Sensing Centre has been to devel- ordering within Manitoba. The MRSC site location and community profile op and implement a provincial integrated also has just completed a land use land application (http://www.saskbiz.ca) geospatial infrastructure by co-operating cover map of the proposed World to aid new prospective new busi- with all public sector agencies, avoid dupli- Heritage Site on the east of Lake nesses in finding suitable sites cation of data, and promote data sharing Winnipeg. The MRSC also assists based on proximity to specific within these agencies. To this end, a new potential users of satellite imagery to resources and infrastructure that unit is being established. GeoManitoba or see various types of satellites and their may be required. This site was ini- Manitoba Centre for Geographic potential usages. MRSC also orders tially implemented in 2003 and still Information, will combine the resources of satellite imagery for various users and receives a considerable use each the Manitoba Land Initiative, Geomatics, stores the original data sets in a climat- year. An application upgrade is Remote Sensing, Survey Services, ic and fireproof vault. The MRSC is planned over the course of the next Conservation Map Sales, the Digital also providing land use land cover 1 to 2 years in accordance with Orthophoto Refresh Program, and the mapping (17 cover type classes) for stakeholder input. Cadastral Mapping Program. The purpose Agro- Manitoba using Landsat 5 TM The trend towards greater utiliza- of this new unit will be to provide geospa- circa 2005. tion of online dynamic interactive tial leadership, coordination and services to maps will continue, with increased public and private entities that serve the cit- izens of Manitoba. efforts towards storing, maintaining, Topographic Mapping and linking map databases together to enable greater flexibility with the map Remote Sensing Section Section information collected. Current and The Remote Sensing Section provides The Topographic Mapping reliable map information has long been services that include research and devel- Section is responsible for topographic a key component of government oper- opment, education, consulting, software information and is designed to help ations in location based decision mak- applications, operational project work for support, evaluate, and manage ing and efforts will continue to deliver planning and policy development, envi- Manitoba’s resources.

78 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Manitoba is now in the fourth year As a result of its 2008-2011 work, Significant strides have been made in of the five-year Orthophotography over 200,000 land parcels have been com- this respect since the posting on the Refresh Project. By the spring of 2011, puted, bringing the total number of land MLI in April 2006 of an initial imagery for approximately 124,000 parcels in the system to almost 600,000 Manitoba reference grid product. This square kilometres of southern province-wide. The primary focus area for grid product is dynamic and will be Manitoba will have been captured. The the parcel mapping coverage in recent upgraded periodically as higher-level imagery was flown at a scale of 1:40 years has been the Capital Region, which cadastral products are generated. 000, is available in both colour and consists of 14 or so rural municipalities Manitoba is still lacking a survey qual- black and white, and at both 1-metre directly surrounding the City of Winnipeg. ity digital DLS quarter-section grid due and 50-centimetre resolution. The In 2009 the coverage area was expanded in part to the significant costs related to provincial 1:20 000 data set is now to include flood-risk municipalities neigh- producing one. complete for all of Agro-Manitoba and bouring an 80-kilometre wide corridor on eastern Manitoba. This data set either side of the Red River south to the Manitoba Geographical includes seven georeferenced layers of international boundary with the United Names Program information and is available in dxf and States. Over 364 separate MLI digital shape formats. This data is now being cadastral mapping datasets province-wide The Manitoba Geographical updated from the Orthophotography are updated under the section’s annual Names Program (MGNP) will not be Refresh Project imagery. maintenance program to ensure timeliness part of the new GeoManitoba unit but The compilation of base maps for of the parcel data to end users. will remain under the auspices of the the Treaty Land Entitlement parcels is The section created conceptual cot- Lands Branch. The MGNP provides a continuing, with severance lines tage lot subdivision designs for at least 20 provincial geographical names author- determined from contour information. sites under the Manitoba Cottage Lot ity for the enhancement, maintenance, Georeferenced base map features for Program on behalf of Crown Lands. The and protection of Manitoba’s geo- 24,000 square kilomtrees were com- new sites were province-wide. Approved graphical nomenclature. This is done piled for the Forestry Branch in the designs out of this group formed an inte- through the development and imple- Highrock Forestry Area. Data collect- gral part of public draws for provincial mentation of policies and procedures, ed includes designated areas, build- cottage lots. Opportunities for cottage lot the establishment and monitoring of ings, structures, roads, railways, utili- and economic development projects with toponymic quality control in govern- ties, hydrography, and some land First Nations groups are making signifi- ment documents, the research for and cover. The data was collected two- cant progress under separate processing of decisions on new and dimensionally using digital orthopho- Memorandum of Understanding agree- established names, the provision of a tography. The Topographic Mapping ments. These have been signed between names information centre and the Section also participated in agree- the Government of Manitoba and the management of the Commemorative ments with Natural Resources Canada Black River First Nation and the Fisher Names Program. for the updating of the 1:50 000 River Cree First Nation. Negotiations with Through the MGNP’s member- National Topographic Database and other First Nations groups for similar cot- ship on the Geographical Names Board the GeoBase National Road Network. tage lot and economic development proj- of Canada (GNBC), Manitoba ensures ects have been initiated. its ability to effectively liaise with other federal, provincial and territorial Cadastral Mapping The section continued to dedicate its efforts to develop a seamless digital departments to identify, evaluate, and Section Manitoba land reference grid, which affect provincial, federal, and national The Cadastral Mapping Section includes a fully topologically structured decisions. Work includes contributions is responsible for the development parcel-based approximation of the DLS through a variety of committees and and maintenance of a province-wide township/range quarter-section system in subcommittees including: digital cadastral (property) parcel southern Manitoba. This product is deemed •Advisory Committee on infrastructure based on land parcels essential for meeting departmental and Automation and Delineation; shown on registered plans of survey. public sector requirements for a general •Advisory Committee on The topologically structured data is purpose grid. It will support land-referenc- Nomenclature, Policy, and used extensively throughout govern- ing and spatial-referencing needs on sever- Research; ment, by provincial utilities and by al levels from thematic mapping to GIS •Canadian Geographical Names the general Manitoba GIS community application development. The section sup- Service (digital, Web-based data to meet land referencing, planning, ports the cause by creating and maintaining warehouse); and decision-making needs. All parcel the relevant map files as well as computing •Quality Control and Name data is downloadable for free from the coordinates for the DLS township frame- Delineation Web application spa- government’s spatial data warehouse work markers where they have been tied to tially delineating Manitoban (and (the MLI). provincial survey control networks. Canadian) toponyms;

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 79 •Developing national standardsManitoba’s toponyms. Manitoba also LIO supports, integrates, and makes for spatial delineation; and improved its toponymic archives with contin- available the work of others such as • Chairing a committee to examine ued development and coordination of exist- COSINE horizontal and vertical con- standards to ensure Aboriginal ing records as well as initiating the digital trol, Soils, and Municipal Boundary inclusivity in Manitoba and archiving of thousands of hard-copy records. data. It maintains and distributes—at Canadian toponyms. no cost—the Ontario Road Network David Campbell and the Ontario Trail Network, which Manitoba maintains and dissemi- Acting Manager, Topographic Mapping are effective and dependable consolida- nates the official Manitoba Manitoba Conservation tions of municipal, provincial, federal, Geographical Names Data Base Government of Manitoba and private data sets. LIO pulls togeth- (MGNDB) in a variety of hardcopy http://www.gov.mb.ca/ er organizations to develop common and digital formats and continues to products such as satellite and aerial market and distribute its two major ∞ ∞ ∞ imagery at much lower cost and higher publications: Geographical Names of quality across large areas. It also Manitoba, which includes the origin invests in an Ontario Parcel fabric for and location information for provincial and municipal government Manitoba’s place names and A Place of purposes as well as operating the Honour, 2nd Ed., which contains pho- Ontario Geospatial Data Exchange tographs and personal information for (OGDE). The OGDE has become a the majority of the 4000+ Manitobans very effective way of overcoming who have lost their lives during active legal and logistical obstacles to the war service. The Commemorative widespread sharing of data among Names Project is naming new geo- hundreds of public sector and non- graphical features in honour of governmental organizations. Manitoba’s fatal casualties of war Land Information Ontario is now including those Manitobans who have re-inventing itself to meet the new lost their lives in Afghanistan. needs of the next decade. It is in the Manitoba began working towards process of putting in place a new gover- building a comprehensive taxonomy of ONTARIO nance model and a new business model. Aboriginal Place Names in Manitoba, LIO is replacing its aging geospatial which will include a comprehensive list- The Ontario Public Service (OPS) has technology infrastructure in a massive ing of the history and culture of each always been a significant user of geospatial overhaul that will see tremendous Aboriginal name. MGNP, jointly with data and its functionality. Traditionally, improvements in service both to and by the Geographical Names Board of geomatics has been a fixture in resource the OPS to Ontario’s residents, busi- Canada, began development of national management, environmental protection, nesses and visitors. A soon-to-be-avail- standards establishing unique classifica- land use planning, and emergency able open-source metadata software tions to include cultural toponyms with- response. Over the last four years, the use solution is being implemented that will in existing taxonomic frameworks. of geomatics to meet the government’s allow more Ontario-centric data to be Manitoba also initiated an upgrade of its needs has expanded into all ministries and discovered and accessed. For a current toponymic data to enhance its accuracy subject areas and is integrated very closely list of data available through LIO see: and converted from degrees, minutes, with mainstream information management http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/en/Business/ seconds to degrees, minutes, seconds activities. Several ministries have devel- LIO/2ColumnSubPage/STEL02_16819 with three decimal seconds in order to oped geo-portals, both internal and external 9.html. accommodate requirements for facing; Interactive Web-based maps have increased accuracy of location data. The won awards for excellence in service deliv- Ontario Ministry of Natural MGNP maintained an ongoing liaison ery and the distribution of geographic data Resources (OMNR) with schools from kindergarten to grade and data services is the cutting edge of OMNR has initiated a significant 12 and continued distribution of Ontario’s emerging Open Data policy. review of all of the data sets that it Geographical Names of Manitoba to maintains. The ministry is placing spe- them, promoting the heritage and histo- Land Information Ontario (LIO) cial emphasis on establishing roles for ry of our province while providing a Land Information Ontario (LIO), custodianship and ownership, and is unique local resource reference. The affiliated with the Ontario Ministry of ensuring that the data can be more easi- MGNP enhanced its service to Natural Resources, envisions all of ly used for multiple purposes. In con- Manitoba’s francophone community, Ontario’s geographic information as being junction with national and federal including the completion and digital dis- well managed, accessible, easy to integrate, organizations, OMNR has changed sev- tribution of a bilingual glossary of and affordable. To meet these objectives eral of its data models for individual

80 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 features, such as Water, which has Website (http://www.ontario.ca/infrastruc- Ministry of Health & Long Term now been consolidated into the ture) to track capital spending in the Care (MOHLTC) Ontario Hydro Network (OHN). The Province of Ontario. The website tracks MOHLTC’s land ambulance dis- 2009 OMNR Geospatial Metadata thousands of projects worth over $9 bil- patch system was one of the earliest Policy ensures that all of the min- lion, ranging in size from a few thousand mission-critical geospatial tools used in istry’s digital data assets are known, dollars to over $100 million. For many the OPS. In addition, the ministry has understood and accessible. projects, funding came from all three lev- recently developed a GIS strategic plan els of government (federal, provincial, and that will see the ubiquitous use of Ministry of Transportation of municipal). Today, Ontarians can search geospatial data and functionality Ontario (MTO) by geography and view related informa- throughout the ministry. This ambitious MTO has implemented a tion on infrastructure projects across the initiative is not merely a technology Geographic Information Strategy con- province. This is part of the government’s exercise, but also a behavioural transition centrating heavily on managing infor- commitment to being more transparent that relies heavily on staff adopting good mation as a critical resource in all and accountable. information management practices. three of its core businesses: Provincial Highways Management, Ministry of Environment (MOE) Ministry of Northern Transportation Policy and Planning, MOE is a long-time manager and user Development, Mines & Forestry and Road User Safety. Like OMNR, of geospatial data and functionality. (MNDMF) MTO has ceased exclusive mapping Recently, MOE has introduced an OPS-fac- The Mining Act Modernization and become part of consortia that col- ing one-window, Web-based point of access initiative has significantly changed lects and manages data together. More to MOE’s geospatial datasets, in direct sup- the way the ministry conducts its recently, the Ministry has placed addi- port of the Ministry’s IM/IT vision. MOE business, and has created new, imagi- tional focus on geomatics to support has also created a portal to permit the shar- native, and effective ways of using the operation of its highways, as well ing of data with Ontario’s Conservation geospatial data. There are now sys- as in Transportation Policy and Authorities. As one of many public-facing tems in place — most of them avail- Planning. It is mandated to provide geospatial tools, MOE is about to release its able to the public — which support cost-effective transportation support- new online, geography-supported Guide to Aboriginal Consultation, Mineral ing Ontario’s broader economic, Eating Ontario Sport Fish. Tenure and Private Property Rights, social, and environmental objectives. and also Mineral Exploration and Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs (MAA) Development. As well, MNDMF uses Community Services Cluster of For many years now, MAA has been geospatial tools as part of its forest- Ontario Ministries (CSC) using its Aboriginal Consultation based economic improvement pro- The Ontario Ministries of Information System (ACIS), a Web-based grams, its northern development Municipal Affairs & Housing, geographic information system, to provide work, its on-line CLAIMaps applica- Education, Training Colleges & information on Aboriginal issues in Ontario tion, and for the collection and distri- Universities, Tourism, Culture, and through a geographic interface. Recently, bution of Ontario’s Geoscience Data. Citizenship & Immigration are now MAA has expanded ACIS access to 24 serviced by a single GIS organization- ministries across the OPS, and is now in the Other Ontario Government al structure. This reduces costs, lever- process of creating a publically available Ministries ages resources, extends the capacity version. ACIS contains information on abo- Virtually all of Ontario’s min- of the smaller business areas, and riginal communities, treaties and historical istries now use Geospatial data and/or takes advantage of centralized GIS- information, as well as land claims and functionality to perform their core based Project Management. Like rights assertions. business or share information. There other geomatics users in the OPS, are many examples of data use among CSC is augmenting its desktop GIS a wide variety of ministries: tools with centralized, service-based Ministry of Economic Development •The Ministry of Government solutions. This allows its clients satis- & Trade (MEDT) Services (MGS) uses geomatics factory access to their own data and As part of the Open Ontario initiative, data as a primary index to records other datasets, as well as applying MEDT launched its award-winning Select in the 54 land registry offices business intelligence tools and Ontario, a Web-enabled Geographic located throughout the province. approaches to geography. Information System (GIS) site-selection •The Ministry of Finance has tool in February 2010. Select Ontario begun using maps to support con- Ministry of Infrastructure allows users to conduct property, commu- sultation, development, and pub- In November 2009, the Ministry of nity, business and skills searches, generate lication of the annual Ontario Infrastructure (previously the Ministry reports and maps, and perform advanced Budget and the Fall Economic of Energy & Infrastructure) launched a proximity analysis on selected features. Statement.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 81 •The Ontario Ministry of l’information géospatiale propre à la Agriculture, Food & Rural Affairs gouvernance de l’État, que ce soit en manages soils and drainage tile matière d’agriculture, de transport ter- databases and provides geospatial restre, d’environnement ou de sécurité tools to analyze the economic civile, pour ne nommer que ceux-là. potential of rural areas. •The Ontario Provincial Police use Les bases de données geomatics for situational aware- cartographiques ness, tactical response, and dis- patch. Emergency Management Les bases de données cartogra- Ontario will roll out the phiques couvrent différentes portions Emergency Management du Québec selon les échelles de repré- Enterprise Solution (EMES) in sentation. Sur le plan local, l’échelle la produisent, l’utilisent et la diffusent pour 2012. de 1/20 000 couvre le Québec méri- mieux accomplir leurs missions. Pensons e •The Ministry of Health dional jusqu’au 51 parallèle, ce qui par exemple aux activités liées au dévelop- Promotion & Sport uses geomat- représente la partie habitée et la partie pement durable des ressources naturelles et ics to promote trail use and tracks aménagée pour la ressource forestiè- du territoire (forêts, faune, mines, gestion Ontario’s sport capacity for re. La couverture 1/20 000 à ce jour des terres publiques, etc.), à la planification events such as the upcoming est de 2 768 feuilles, soit une superfi- et à l’entretien des milliers de kilomètres de 2 Commonwealth Games. cie d’environ 650 000 km et 38 % de routes qui sillonnent la province et aux ser- •In addition, several agencies la superficie du Québec. vices d’urgence rendus à la population, qui affiliated with the Government of En ce qui concerne l’échelle reposent toutes sur une bonne connaissance Ontario (notably the Municipal régionale, les efforts des dernières géographique du territoire. Property Assessment Corporation années ont porté particulièrement sur Dans ce contexte, le gouvernement du (MPAC) and Elections Ontario) l’échelle de 1/100 000 qui couvre le Québec est un important utilisateur, pro- e rely heavily on the use of geo- sud du Québec jusqu’au 53 parallèle : ducteur et diffuseur d’information géogra- matics. The Ontario Realty la couverture complète a été achevée phique. Historiquement, les différents Corporation (ORC) makes its en 2007 et compte au total 255 feuilles, ministères et organismes du gouvernement 2 Ontario GeoPortal available to soit environ 960 000 km . Toutes les ont développé des bases de données géo- Ontario ministries. données à l’échelle régionale sont spatiales, des outils, des services et des maintenant offertes en format matri- Geomatics in Ontario has come a connaissances en géomatique qui répon- ciel, y compris un estompage du relief. long way over the last four years. dent spécifiquement à leurs besoins et au Sur le plan national, les échelles Geomatics is now the classic example of contexte de leurs activités. de 1/1 000 000 et de 1/5 000 000 qui corporate information forming a major, Le présent sommaire porte principale- couvrent l’ensemble du Québec sont valuable asset. Information is becoming ment sur les activités du ministère des depuis deux ans accessibles gratuite- properly catalogued and its full life cycle Ressources naturelles et de la Faune ment sur le site du MRNF en diffé- from inception to archive mapped out. (MRNF) et de ses principaux partenaires rents formats. We are proud of our achievements and en matière de cartographie et de géoma- Ces dernières années, le MRNF a expect to keep improving. tique et sur celles du Plan géomatique du entrepris la modernisation de l’infor- gouvernement du Québec pour la période mation géographique par le dévelop- Raphael Sussman de 2008 à 2011. pement d’un nouvel environnement Coordinator, Land Information Ontario de production et d’exploitation en Ministry of Natural Resources La référence géographique du ligne (EPEL) de ses bases de données Government of Ontario Québec au MRNF cartographiques. Cet environnement http://www.mnr.gov.on.ca/ est à la base de l’élaboration d’un nouveau modèle d’affaires en parte- Le MRNF a la responsabilité de pro- ∞ ∞ ∞ nariat pour la production de la carto- duire, d’entretenir et de rendre accessible la graphie du territoire au Québec. cartographie de base du Québec, aussi QUÉBEC appelée la Référence géographique du Québec (RGQ). Celle-ci comprend les Le Système sur les bases de données topographiques, le systè- découpages administratifs Introduction me sur les découpages administratifs et Au Québec, l’information géogra- socioéconomiques, la référence géodésique et socioéconomiques phique est à la base des activités de et l’imagerie. Il s’agit d’une référence Ces différents découpages sont plusieurs ministères et organismes qui unique et officielle sur laquelle s’appuie compilés par le MRNF en collabora-

82 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 tion avec les partenaires concernés tenariat entre le gouvernement fédéral, le par les acteurs du milieu régional dans des autres ministères. Ce système MRNF, les ministères québécois, les orga- 11 cas. Ils touchent deux communautés comprend les limites administratives nismes publics et les municipalités. Elle est métropolitaines, l’île d’Anticosti et 11 suivantes : composée d’environ 85 000 repères maté- régions administratives différentes. •les limites des 17 régions adminis-rialisés au sol (points géodésiques), dont Ces projets ont permis aux partenaires tratives, des 2 communautés environ 60 000 ont été établis par des par- d’obtenir des données géographiques métropolitaines et des 87 munici- tenaires et de 26 stations GPS permanentes, récentes de leur territoire en vue de palités régionales de comté dont cinq fédérales et trois municipales, qui soutenir la réalisation de leur mission, (MRC) et 17 territoires équiva- permettent un positionnement spatial pré- et ce, à une fraction du prix étant donné lents (TE); cis. Elle est complétée par des bases d’éta- la répartition des coûts entre plusieurs •les limites des 1# 112# municipali- lonnage servant au calibrage des instru- partenaires. Outre les effets positifs sur tés, des arrondissements, des 145 ments de mesure électroniques de distances la collaboration accrue entre les minis- territoires non organisés et des 82 et par une base de données géodésiques qui tères et organismes et les acteurs des territoires autochtones; est le guichet unique permettant d’accéder milieux régional et local, ces partena- •les frontières du Québec (fron-aux données produites par la Direction de riats ont contribué à améliorer le patri- tières internationales et interpro- la référence géodésique et ses partenaires. moine de connaissance géographique vinciales dont la frontière Québec- Divers ministères et groupes de pro- de l’État et à accroître l’offre de diffu- Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador). fessionnels utilisent l’infrastructure géo- sion de l’information géographique désique pour la localisation et l’implanta- pour les citoyens et les entreprises. Afin de supporter les applications tion d’ouvrages comme les barrages, les Le Ministère gère aussi la banque et les travaux d’analyse spatiale, ce routes, les ponts ou les édifices. La réfor- de données satellitaires du Québec, système comprend maintenant les me cadastrale, les arpentages officiels de une collection gouvernementale découpages socioéconomiques relatifs l’Arpenteur général du Québec et le d’images satellite qui contient actuel- aux élections, à la santé, à l’éducation Registre du domaine de l’État s’y ratta- lement plus de 4 300 images et qui est et à la justice. chent. La localisation des éléments liés à accessible en ligne pour les ministères La géobase gouvernementale la sécurité publique comme les zones et organismes québécois. À partir de inondables ou les zones à risques de glis- ces banques d’images, le MRNF a d’adresses municipales sement de terrain s’appuie sur ces réfé- notamment produit des spatiocartes Pour répondre aux besoins des rences. Les municipalités les utilisent, pour l’ensemble du Québec. Dans le citoyens en matière de localisation, entre autres, pour la gestion des réseaux cadre d’une entente avec le gouverne- un projet de création d’une géobase d’aqueduc et d’égout. Hydro-Québec et ment fédéral (projet d’imagerie natio- gouvernementale d’adresses munici- Gaz Métro l’exploitent pour la gestion et nale), le Québec est aussi en voie de pales à l’échelle de 1/20 000 a été le déploiement de leurs réseaux. se doter d’une couverture complète et mis en place. Cette géobase nommée à jour de son territoire en images « Adresses Québec » est réalisée en L’imagerie satellite SPOT. partenariat avec le ministère des Le MRNF est responsable de l’acqui- Transports, le ministère des Affaires sition d’orthophotographies numériques et Information géographique municipales, des Régions et de de données LiDAR pour tous les ministères en ligne l’Occupation du territoire et le (sauf pour les fins du ministère des Pour le citoyen, l’accès en ligne à Directeur général des élections. Depuis Transports). Ces données d’imagerie l’information est aujourd’hui devenu 2007 à 2008, diverses ententes ont numérique prises à différentes résolutions une nécessité. À cet égard, le MRNF permis d’associer les villes de spatiales servent majoritairement à s’est doté, ces dernières années, d’une Montréal, Longueuil, Sherbrooke et répondre aux besoins de gestion forestière stratégie pour la mise en place d’un Laval à ce partenariat. Adresses ainsi qu’à la mise à jour des cartes topo- volet géographique du gouvernement Québec ouvre la voie à l’établissement graphiques. Depuis 2005, le MRNF a mis en ligne qui comporte trois axes#: ren- d’un nouveau modèle de production de en place, graduellement, une approche de seignement aux citoyens, diffusion en données géographiques en réseau de partenariats pour l’acquisition d’orthopho- ligne de l’information géographique et collaboration avec le milieu gouverne- tographies sur le territoire québécois. Ces partage entre les partenaires ministériels mental et le milieu municipal afin partenariats impliquent plusieurs ministères et interministériels de cette information. d’assurer la précision, la fiabilité, et organismes ainsi que des acteurs du Plusieurs réalisations sont déjà à l’actualité et le caractère officiel des milieu régional. Ainsi, depuis la mise en souligner en matière de services en données d’adressage au Québec. place de cette approche, 23 projets ont été ligne aux citoyens : réalisés pour une valeur d’environ 7,2 M$ et La référence géodésique ceux-ci couvrent une superficie de 185 721 •Le Québec géographique L’infrastructure géodésique qué- km2. Ces projets ont été initiés par les (http://www.quebecgeogra- bécoise est le fruit d’un travail de par- ministères et organismes à 12 occasions et phique.gouv.qc.ca/) est un portail

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 83 qui donne accès à de l’informa- matique s’impose comme un outil de ges- • au développement d’outils com- tion sur toutes les cartes, atlas et tion indispensable. Elle a d’abord fait son muns (par exemple les normes et produits d’information géogra- entrée dans les ministères et organismes les standards) pour faciliter l’in- phique disponibles dans les dont le mandat est lié aux ressources natu- teropérabilité, l’intégration et la ministères et organismes du gou- relles, à l’agriculture, à l’environnement, réutilisation des données géogra- vernement du Québec. au transport ainsi qu’à l’aménagement et à phiques; •Le Répertoire géographique des la gestion du territoire. Aujourd’hui, les • à la mise en place des services services gouvernementaux applications géomatiques touchent plu- communs pour améliorer la diffu- (http://repertoire.atlas.gouv.qc.ca) sieurs autres domaines tels que la sécurité sion de l’information géogra- fait partie des localisateurs. Il civile, la santé, l’éducation et le tourisme. phique gouvernementale, particu- situe plus de deux mille points de lièrement pour les clientèles du services gouvernementaux et Un projet d’envergure gouvernement (les citoyens et les englobe 21#thèmes (bureaux régio- gouvernementale entreprises). naux, CLSC, CLE, CLD, etc.). •Vues d’ensemble du Québec Un projet touchant l’ensemble des (http://vuesensemble.atlas.gouv. intervenants gouvernementaux en géoma- Des retombées concrètes qc.ca) offre des vues générales du tique a été amorcé en avril 2008 par le Plan territoire sur fond cartographique géomatique du gouvernement du Québec, Réseau de transport ou d’images satellite. Il présente lequel relève du MRNF. Connu sous l’acro- terrestre du Québec le Québec en sept grands thèmes#: nyme ACRIgéo (Approche de coopération le relief, l’hydrographie, l’occu- en réseau interministériel pour l’informa- Un partenariat interministériel a pation du sol, les agglomérations tion géographique), ce projet d’envergure été constitué pour assurer le dévelop- et les villes, les aires protégées gouvernementale s’inscrit dans la lignée pement de la cartographie d’un réseau (collaboration du ministère du des grandes orientations gouvernementales de transport intégré cohérent et conti- Développement durable, de de modernisation des services de l’État. nu pour l’ensemble du territoire qué- l’Environnement et des Parcs L’ACRIgéo rassemble actuellement 22 bécois. Le produit intègre l’informa- (MDDEP), le réseau géodésique ministères et organismes. Le projet est cha- tion géographique détenue ou acquise et la mise en valeur des res- peauté par une structure de gestion qui lui par Forêt Québec et le Secteur des sources naturelles). est propre, composée de la Table gouverne- opérations régionales du MRNF, ainsi • Catalogue d’information géo- mentale de coopération en information géo- que par le ministère des Transports. Il graphique gouvernemental — graphique (Table), du Conseil de gestion et inclura le réseau routier supérieur et de trois comités interministériels. CIGG (http://catalogue-geogra- municipal, les sentiers de motoneiges La Table est composée actuellement de phique.gouv.qc.ca/). et des véhicules tout terrain, les routes 31 gestionnaires ayant des responsabilités Présentement, le site répertorie forestières et les chemins complémen- en matière de production, d’intégration, des documents du ministère des taires d’accès au territoire. d’utilisation et de diffusion de l’informa- Ressources naturelles et de la tion géographique. Elle assume un rôle Faune, de la Commission de Réseau hydrographique semblable à celui d’une assemblée généra- toponymie du Québec, de la le des membres de la coopération. Quant au du Québec Commission de la protection du Conseil de gestion, il compte 10 gestion- territoire agricole du Québec, la naires membres de la Table. Il a pour man- Ce projet, initié en 2010, vise la Financière agricole du Québec, le dat principal d’assumer la gestion courante mise en place d’un réseau hydrogra- ministère des Transports du de la coopération gouvernementale en phique intégré cohérent et continu sur Québec (Service de la géotech- information géographique. Cette structure l’ensemble du territoire du Québec. nique et de la géologie) et de gestion de l’ACRIgéo relève du comité Cette base vise notamment la création d’autres ministères et organismes de sous-ministres qui conviennent des d’un réseau hydrographique filamen- s’apprêtent à le faire. À maturité, orientations et des stratégies de gestion taire qui permettra aux utilisateurs le Catalogue permettra de ras- gouvernementale. d’ajouter divers attributs suivant une sembler en un seul lieu l’en- Pour leur part, les trois comités inter- géométrie commune et unique. Ce semble des produits géogra- ministériels se consacrent : partenariat intègre les connaissances phiques et des cartes disponibles de différents ministères, dont le dans les ministères québécois. • à la production en réseau de l’infor- MDDEP et le MRNF (Direction géné- mation géographique et de produits à rale de l’administration et de la La géomatique au valeur intégrée. Ce comité mettra en connaissance géographique et Forêt gouvernement du Québec place de nouvelles pratiques pour per- Québec). À plus long terme, d’autres Au gouvernement du Québec, mettre, entre autres, le partage des partenaires gouvernementaux seront comme ailleurs dans le monde, la géo- données géographiques; aussi invités à collaborer à ce projet.

84 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Diffusion de l’information until the full NHN is achieved within 3 géographique aux citoyens to 5 years. Plans for the next three years are currently being finalized. A et aux entreprises key component of this will be a vetting Comme l’un des objectifs de mechanism with stakeholders to ensure l’ACRIgéo est d’améliorer l’efficience development and user requirements de la diffusion de l’information géo- align. graphique gouvernementale auprès des Other activities within provincial citoyens et des entreprises, un groupe departments include the following: de travail se penche sur les différents Department of Aquaculture and aspects de la question. Son but est de Agriculture (DAA)—Work within proposer des principes et des approches DAA includes aquaculture and fisheries interministériels pour joindre cette The review identified five Key Result site delineation and resource planning. clientèle et lui offrir des services inté- Areas that needed to be addressed to be Department of Environment grés, conviviaux et efficaces. successful: governance, communication, (ENV)—In addition to the collabora- policy and standards, data, and infrastruc- tion with GeoNB, ENV has created an Déploiement des services ture. Service New Brunswick (SNB), the internet based GIS system called the Web géographiques lead agency for geomatics in New Sustainable Planning Portal (SPP) used by planning commission staff as Une équipe s’affaire à harmoni- Brunswick as mandated in the Service a tool when reviewing tentative subdi- ser les initiatives des ministères et New Brunswick Act, began implementing visions and development. The SPP organismes visant à rendre acces- of the action plan to develop a spatial data allows staff to view, query, and ana- sibles par services Web les données infrastructure (SDI) for New Brunswick in lyze provincial data sets pertaining to gouvernementales actuellement parta- 2007. While there has been progress in all environmental features and areas of geables. Il s’agit d’automatiser ces areas, perhaps the most visible progress special importance (as recommended échanges et de puiser directement à la for stakeholders has been in the infrastruc- by ENV in the provincial subdivision source les données pour les afficher ture area with the launch of GeoNB in review guideline). sur le Web et les intégrer à d’autres April 2009. GeoNB is the name that has Department of Social thématiques. been assigned to NB’s SDI. The initial release of GeoNB high- Development (DSD)—DSD acquired GIS software in 2007 and use it pri- Mario Hinse, directeur lighted the GeoNB MapViewer application http://geonb.snb.ca/geonb marily for socio-economic analysis Direction de la cartographie générale ( /). Uptake has and display. et administrative been steady and continues to increase. Department of Local Government Direction générale adjointe de GeoNB is receiving approximately 7,000 (DLG)—DLG has switched from a l’information géographique visitors per week as of October 2010. “metes and bounds” written descrip- Ministère des Ressources naturelles Since the initial offering, the NB tion for municipal boundaries to a et de la Faune Department of Environment (ENV) has map-based portrayal of boundaries for Gouvernement du Québec collaborated with SNB to develop and add http://www.mrn.gouv.qc.ca/ a flood-mapping tool to the MapViewer. any newly created or altered munici- Interest in providing additional data and pal boundaries. Department of Public Safety ∞ ∞ ∞ services continue. These same organiza- tions are currently developing an addition- (DPS)—DPS has recognized the NEW BRUNSWICK al service: a wetland indicator tool. strategic significance that GIS can An agreement has also been struck play in its operations and has recently between SNB and the Department of added a Geomatics Unit. As a result of In New Brunswick (NB) the Natural Resources (DNR) whereby DNR the significant investment DPS has focus has been responding to a geo- will become the custodian for the authorita- made in geomatics, a number of appli- matics review that was completed in tive hydrographic layer for NB, the New cations are now either operational or 2006. The review was an opportunity Brunswick Hydro Network (NBHN). Work in development. The department is for the province to revisit its geomat- to develop and maintain it is underway and involved in both orthophoto collection ics vision and refocus its efforts. The stages will evolve incrementally. The out- and LiDAR acquisition in support of key contribution of the review was the put from this collaboration is expected to be flood modelling. recognition and adoption of the NB’s contribution to the national hydro- Department of Transportation approach required to achieve the graphic initiative—the National Hydro (DOT)—DOT continues to utilize geo- desired results. It identified the need Network (NHN). The initial release of the matics to support the Asset for a collaborative approach if the NBHN is expected to be March 2011 with Management Business Framework and aims were to be fully achieved. subsequent versions following annually other departmental programs through

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 85 the integration of spatial data and ational activities more effectively and con- applications and distribution of the tinues to expand use of geomatics within data. The Department has implement- their valuation of properties. ed a network management system for At the municipal level, activity contin- maintenance of the DOT road network ues to be impressive. Of the eight cities and linear referencing system as well within NB, the three largest have invested as department assets such as surface, heavily in geomatics and have dedicated bridges, etc. The Transportation GIS departments providing support to oper- Related Attribute Management System ations and planning. Of these, Fredericton (TRAMS) was implemented in the has contributed greatly to the collaborative department by Exor and forms the approach to geomatics in NB. foundation for the GIS architecture The following is a snap shot of a few of that is currently being used. The the City of Moncton’s activities: Digital Video Data Collection program Geographic Information continues and has proven to be an •Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) is inService invaluable asset for the department. place for many Public Works vehicles Highlights include: Department of Wellness, Culture & as well as on regional transit buses •Continued support of the Sport (WCS)—The Heritage Branch with Internet broadcasting on board Province’s corporate approach to provides SNB’s PLANET application most buses. This information is avail- the management of geographic information on Provincial Heritage able online via a Web mapping applica- information, known as GeoNOVA Heritage Places designated under the tion; •Managing the Province’s primary Conservation Act . This information •GIS is used to assist with the munici- geographic information databases, alerts users to specific properties requir- pal plan review and in fire station sit- including the coordination of ing Ministerial approval prior to any ting and other analysis and modelling; interdepartmental/intergovern- intervention to character defining ele- •High resolution (7 to 15 centimetre) aer- mental geomatics activities and ments. In addition, the Historic Places ial imagery acquisition in 2010 and his- the provision of an effective Section in-house activities include popu- toric imagery/orthophoto production is access infrastructure lating the Web-based New Brunswick underway; Register of Historic Places. The register •Moncton GIS data is available on ESRI GeoNOVA (http://www.geono- includes a mapping function. Community Maps Program; va.ca) fosters a corporate approach to Archaeological Services, continues to •Millimetre accuracy mapping usingthe creation, maintenance and distri- use GPS and GIS software in its man- GIS/GPS fieldwork is ongoing and bution of geographic information to agement of the province’s archaeological expected to support 3-D applications accepted standards and shared resources. Information, including known when appropriate. amongst all users with the Province to sites and areas of elevated archaeological support decision making and to potential, identified through predictive David Finley reduce duplication of effort. One of modelling, is routinely used in environ- Manager, Topographic Infrastructure the cornerstones of GeoNOVA imple- mental impact assessments and other Service New Brunswick mentation is the ability for users to regulatory screenings. Government of New Brunswick easily access geographic information Service New Brunswick http://www.snb.ca/ within the province. Improved access (SNB)—In addition to the work relat- to geographic data is the current focus ed to GeoNB, SNB utilizes geomatics of the GeoNOVA iniative. Highlights extensively in other business areas. ∞ ∞ ∞ include: Geomatics is a key component of real •Nova Scotia Geographic property registry operations and con- Catalogue Enhancements tributes to SNB’s role in supporting NOVA SCOTIA •GeoNOVA Portal (enhancements the DPS civic addressing initiative. and usage) The Director of Surveys’ responsibili- Service Nova Scotia and • Enhancing Web Map Services ties include many activities related to Municipal Relations •Expanding Data Download geomatics. Providing leadership relat- Tools— GeoNOVA Data ed to the management and operation (http://www.gov.ns.ca/snsmr/) Download Service of active control sites by third parties Service Nova Scotia and Municipal •GeoNOVA Map Viewer enhance- is one area. The Property Assessment Relations (SNSMR), is the lead service ments Branch has recently embraced geo- delivery arm of government for programs •Development of new Geographic matics as a tool to allow managers to and services to businesses, individuals and Data Sharing Model plan and analyze data, carry out oper- municipalities. • Development of an Online Atlas

86 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 •Spring into Geomaticsfor depiction of interests in land. surveys, file management, as well as Conference Highlights include: development, maintenance, and data • Lidar Strategic Working Group •E-submission of Land Documents con-distribution of the Crown Land •Topographic Mapping Analysis tinues along with Online Access to all Cadastral Database. (NSTDB) documents and plans The Crown Land Information •Land Related Data Linkages inManagement Centre is a comprehensive Nova Scotia Geomatics Property Online registry of conveyance documents, sur- Centre (NSGC) •Creation of Property Onlinevey plans and maps dating back to the 1700’s for 3.5 million acres of Crown The core activity of the NSGC is Municipal Tax Link land holdings in the province. The Centre to maintain and disseminate the •Mass migration of Crown lands to maintains the Crown Land Cadastral province’s primary geographic data, Land Registry Database (CLCD) to provide access via including the Nova Scotia Coordinate •Conversion of land titles from the for- geographic location to information in the Referencing System (NSCRS), the mer Registry of Deeds system to land registry. This information is relied upon Nova Scotia Topographic Database titles by property lawyers, surveyors, and (NSTDB), the Digital Orthophoto others involved in land transactions to Mapping program, the Nova Scotia Nova Scotia Department of determine Crown Land ownership and Civic Address File (NSCAF), the Nova Community Services interests. Highlights include: Scotia Property Records Database The Department of Community (NSPRD), the Nova Scotia Geographic Services (DCS) is committed to a sustain- •Migration of Crown Land into the Names Database (NSGNDB) and the able social service system that promotes the new land titles system under the Nova Scotia Aerial Photographic independence, self-reliance, and security of Land Registration Act continues Database (NSAPD). In addition, the the people in Nova Scotia. This will be •Rationalizing of all databases in NSGC, in conjunction with the achieved through excellence in service the Branch toward creation of a GeoNOVA program, provides a variety delivery, leadership, and collaboration with central RDBMS – part of wider of support services to departments and our partners. The Department of project to place all information municipalities to make geographic data Community Services delivers a wide range assets into a Branch wide applica- holdings accessible. Highlights of the of social services to Nova Scotians in need. tion – LBPIMS (Land Branch period include: Work is done with other levels of govern- Property Information System) • Maintenance of the Nova Scotia ment and many community-based non- •Development of a DocuShare web Topographic Mapping Database profit organizations to provide this network application for serving scanned (NSTDB) of social services. Highlights include: documents and raster catalogue of •Continued focus on Provincial• Child Protection Mapping all mapping and plans – “one- Coordinate Referencing •Mapping of the distribution of stop-shop” for all data – both spa- •Air Photo Collection—235,000 licensed child care centres tial and attribute data for all air photos dating back to late •The Geographic extent of DCS’s Crown Land 1950’s Housing Services Central Region for •Working with Department of • Enhancements to the Nova Scotia program and service delivery plan- Environment to designate protect- Place Names File—reconcilia- ning ed areas in Nova Scotia tion and harmonization of com- • Global Microedit Summit 2006 •Utilization of GPS technology to munity names •Client Service Delivery Location improve the quality of Crown Land •Civic Addressing Maintenance Review Project survey information in isolated areas via the Nova Scotia Civic and this information is imported Address File (NSCAF)—430,000 Nova Scotia Department of into the GIS cadastral database Civic Addresses Natural Resources The Mineral Resources Branch Digital Information Services group is Land and Property The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has broad responsibilities relative to responsible for developing and main- Programs the development, management, conserva- taining the Mineral Resources Branch The Land and Property Programs tion and protection of forest, mineral, parks (MRB) Geographic Information of Corporate Registries is continuing and wildlife resources and the administra- System and associated databases, the with the vision established in 2001, to tion of the province’s Crown land. NovaScan bibliographic geoscience create a province wide modernized The Land Services Branch Surveys database, for supplying digital data electronic land registry. It features Division is responsible for the manage- and services to clients and staff, and online access to all documents, plans ment of all surveying activities on Crown for developing and maintaining the and indices, e-submission of all land land, including administration of all orders MRB Internet web site. Highlights documents, and increased use of GIS of surveys, quality control of completed include:

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 87 •Outfitting staff geologists with new changes of tree species, height, crown Nova Scotia Community handheld PCs which were used for closure or stocking and site classifica- Counts data collection—the ArcPad appli- tion cation called Ganfield developed •GIS formatted Inventory Data has been Nova Scotia Community Counts by the Geological Survey of converted to a National Standard and is a provincially supported Website Canada was modified to aid in the provided to National Forest Inventory that provides data that counts for data collection •Forest stand boundaries now beingcommunities. It draws on multiple •Conversion of digital data sets collected directly from colour ortho- sources for statistics at both provin- from Universal Transverse images to improve positional and area cial and federal levels of government. Mercator (UTM) projected to new accuracies within the forest database Statistics Canada’s Census of Provincial Standard of NAD 1983 •Development of a Forest Fuel—CodePopulation provides the foundation •Re-design and conversion of online mapping service in collabora- for statistics at the community level. abandoned mine openings, min- tion with the Forest Protection Data is displayed at thirteen levels of eral occurrences, drillholes, and Division geography that are familiar to Nova drill core databases into SQL •Ongoing review of silvi-cultural treat-Scotians. These statistics are used to Server databases ment collection information on crown inform planning and decision-making • Improvements to NovaScan – a and private land for community, program and policy public search application for geo- •Conducting mapping of Sirococcusdevelopment. Highlights include: science publications and maps shoot blight using 3D stereo models as •Working with the Nova Scotia database on Nova Scotia and its a way to identify possible Spruce bee- Department of Justice to create offshore regions. Upwards of 15, tle damage on Cape Breton Island geographic boundaries for their 716 MRB records ranging from •Collaboration with University of New Justice Centres and Police Districts. publications and maps, theses Brunswick in seeking to model nutri- •Making mapping contributions of and digital products ent and moisture regimes to assist with selected data to the GeoNOVA •Memorandum of Understanding mapping Ecosites as part of the Thematic Atlas. signed with Nova Scotia Ecological Landscape Classification •New and updated statistical Department of Environment that datasets on Community Counts allow DNR to take over some Nova Scotia Transportation throughout 2008 included 2006 responsibilities for groundwater and Public Works Census, 2006 Income data from resource management in the the Small Area and Administrative Province The Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Public Works Database, Canadian Community (NSTPW) provides a transportation net- Health Survey, Cancer Care Nova The Renewable Resources Scotia, Canadian Institute for Branch’s Forestry Division creates work for the safe and efficient movement of people and goods and serves the build- health Information, and Vital and maintains comprehensive forest Statistics. The printable maps sec- resource databases using geomatics ing, property and accommodation needs of government departments and agencies. tion is currently being updated technology. Information is used for with 2006 Census data. strategic and operational planning by NSTPW maintains 4,100 bridges and nearly 23,000 kilometres of road through •Partnering with the Nova Scotia virtually every program involved with Department of Justice and the forest resources in DNR. A sustain- four district offices. It plays a variety of roles in the development of a safe trans- National Crime Prevention able state can be reached, in part, by Centre in an effort to assemble understanding ecological processes of portation system while supporting the eco- nomic prosperity of Nova Scotia. NSTPW data on crime and safety in Nova all aspects of society. Information col- Scotia’s communities. lection, processing, and analysis are offers building, design and construction services to government and is accountable • The Social and Economic Status key components of developing (SES) tool, originally developed knowledge of ecological processes. for various industrial buildings, sites, and leased facilities. Highlights include: for use by the Fluoride Mouth Geomatics technologies are used for Rinse Program in the Department further learning in the renewable •Road Listing Database Clean Up of Health Promotion and resource milieu. Highlights include: Project (RLDCUP) and subsequent Protection, is now being used by road standards and conventions school boards to identify schools •Satellite imagery of the entire•Conducting a GPS Road Attribute that need extra resources to help Province for the period 2003 to Pilot Project children from disadvantaged 2005 is now available on-line to •Developing an online Highway communities to get a successful department staff Conditions Reporting System start in school. The SES tool is •Aerial photography acquired and is•Automatic Vehicle Location System being updated with data from the used to further update forest stand (AVL) pilot project conducted 2006 Census.

88 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 •A Municipal Polling Districtmanagement systems. GeoNOVA’s guid- Geography has been added for ing principles stand the test of time against Halifax Regional Municipality to an ever changing and emerging informa- provide a finer view of statistics in tion and geomatics specific back drop. urban areas. Discussions are under- Those principles are: way with the Cape Breton Regional 1. Create data once, as close to the source Municipality to do the same. as possible, and use it many times •Community Asset Mapping intro-2. Take a “corporate” approach to the cre- duced via the newly created Map ation, management, dissemination and Centre. Users select from over 15,000 use of geographic data and information maps at all levels of geography. 3. Adhere to the approved Standards for Geographic Information in Nova Department of Health Scotia Promotion & Protection 4. Share data and information freely among provincial government users YUKON Created in February 2006, this 5. Make Nova Scotia’s geographic data department brings together Nova discoverable and ensure metadata is Scotia Health Promotion, the Public managed in a sustainable way Geomatics Yukon is the corporate Health branch of the Department of 6. Maximize the use of partnerships to agency that delivers geomatics prod- Health, and the Office of the Chief build collaborative working relation- ucts and services to all parts of Yukon Medical Officer of Health. HPP has ships and optimize the use of our col- Government. Geomatics Yukon also experienced a great many successes, lective resources provides corporate coordination, sup- each of which has had a positive port, and liaison for internal govern- impact on the people of this province. With those principles holding firm, ment geomatics activities. In addition, A staff of experts in promotion, pre- GeoNOVA will continue to lead strategic this agency provides services to a vention, and protection is dedicated to analysis work like that recently conducted range of external agencies including improving the well-being of every on the Nova Scotia Topographic Database First Nations governments, federal Nova Scotian. Highlights include: and the Nova Scotia Civic Address File departments, municipal governments, •Development of GIS metadataover the next number of years. A coordi- non-governmental organizations, pri- and evaluation of all existing GIS nated geospatial infrastructure for the vate sector companies, and the public. data-sets is necessary and part of province is now within striking distance Geomatics Yukon provides a cen- the ongoing data QA/QC process and the recommendations on LiDAR tech- tral service to all clients by via its web- at HPP. nology will serve the provincial geomatics site: http://www.geomaticsyukon.ca/. •Maintenance and continuingcommunity well. The ground work is pre- This website contains spatial data, and development of the Nova Scotia pared in terms of an exciting new cooper- a list of links to interactive map appli- Trails Information Project ative data sharing agreement called the cations and imagery products with http://www.trails.gov.ns.ca ( ). GeoNOVA Alliance, which will see the downloadable footprints. This infor- • Development and maintenance of Province move into a whole new era of mation is hosted or referenced by Recreational and Sports Facility data sharing and cooperation among geo- Geomatics Yukon on behalf of various Database. matics stakeholders. Highlighting the Yukon Government departments and •Signage of the Trans Canadagrowing geomatics presence in Nova external agencies. Trail in order to provide First Scotia and “tuning” citizens into geogra- Other geomatics-intensive groups Responders better location data phy with such events as Geography in Yukon Government include the of persons along the Trans Awareness Day will continue to form part Department of Energy, Mines, and Canada Trail. of the GeoNOVA work plan. Lastly, the Resources, and the geomatics unit of strong ties formed with Municipal and the Department of Environment. Provincial Geomatics Provincial geomatics stakeholders will be Other departments maintain geomat- Future Overview— further strengthened with ongoing stake- ics capabilities that are more limited, GeoNOVA Perspective holder forums. focusing primarily on operational data creation and management as well as into 2011 and Beyond! Nancy Saunders departmental mapping. GeoNOVA continues to forge Director, Geographic Information Two major Yukon Government ahead championing the Province’s Services Service corporate initiatives during the period commitment and approach to devel- Nova Scotia & Municipal Relations 2008 to 2011 are the Corporate Spatial oping and delivering corporate geo- Government of Nova Scotia Data Infrastructure (CSDI) and the graphic infrastructure and information http://www.gov.ns.ca/ Yukon Base Mapping projects.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 89 Corporate Spatial Data present their data to the public or period, three large project areas Infrastructure internal clients. were mapped, totalling approxi- •Imagery—Yukon Government main- mately 29,000 km2. Despite the Yukon started CSDI development tains a large repository of satellite high resolution imagery, the in 2004 as a corporate initiative to imagery and aerial photographs at var- resulting map accuracy is only coordinate the government’s spatial ious resolutions. In the past, access to approximately 4 metres due to the data infrastructure. The CSDI includes this image repository was strictly file- poor quality of DEMs used. the central corporate services that sup- based; however, in 2010 ESRI’s •Mid Resolution Regional port the collection, sharing, and distri- ArcGIS Image Server was implement- Mapping. Mid-resolution (2 to 5 bution of spatial data for Yukon. It ed to make this imagery available to metres) imagery was initially seen includes the following main compo- internal users and Web mapping appli- as a cost-effective way of mapping nents: corporate spatial warehouse, cations more effectively. large areas of the Yukon. This operational environment, web map- option, however, is becoming less ping, image distribution, and metadata. Yukon Base Mapping necessary as the cost of the high The main CSDI activities during resolution imagery drops. Mid res- the 2008-2011 period are: In 2005, various Yukon Government departments identified the requirement for olution imagery can be created by resampling high-resolution •Corporate Spatial Warehouse— improved base map data. A joint project imagery if necessary. The focus has been on building between Yukon Government and Tr’ondëk •Regional DEM Mapping.A content in the Yukon Government Hwëch’in First Nation began in 2007 to strong need for regional DEM spatial data engine (SDE) reposi- develop high-resolution imagery and base mapping exists in Yukon; howev- tory as a method of sharing corpo- data products for the territory. The first er, DEM creation is still expen- rate data sets. The environment is phase of this project was to identify the best sive and satellite-based options read only and all data sets are fully approach for improving base mapping in remain limited. Research contin- modelled and have metadata. such a remote northern territory. This ues in this area. •Operational Environment—The research has continued through the 2008 to focus has been on building depart- 2011 period and a strategy has been devised Lauren Crooks mental operational environments. to create a framework for imagery-related Geomatics Yukon The spatial data requirements for base mapping projects in Yukon. Yukon Highways and Public Works each department are evaluated and This project has four streams: Government of Yukon then the data sets are modelled to • High Resolution Stereo Community http://www.gov.yk.ca/ streamline the specific business Mapping processes most effectively. The . The objective is mapping ∞ ∞ ∞ data sets are edited in separate all Yukon communities with stereo SDE environments and then high-resolution imagery (approxi- migrated to the corporate spatial mately 50 centimetre resolution) and warehouse for distribution. File- create digital elevation models based repositories are used in (DEMs). Communities will be some cases. mapped and then revisited on a three- • Web Mapping—The production to-four year cycle or more often, if Web mapping infrastructure is required. Once the DEM has been built on ArcIMS and Moxi generated, revisits will be focussed on Media’s IMF (Integrated mono imagery. Most communities Mapping Framework) technolo- have been mapped at a high resolu- gy. Yukon Government is cur- tion to date; however, few currently rently transitioning to ArcGIS have DEMs. •High Resolution Regional Server technology to take advan- Mapping tage of improved Web mapping . Large regional areas will NORTHWEST technologies and to allow for be mapped using high-resolution (50 enhanced data content such as centimetre) imagery. Newer satellites TERRITORIES imagery and annotation. The first such as GeoEye and WorldView Web mapping applications will enable mapping large areas with few In the Northwest Territories be released in 2011. This infra- ground control points which is impor- (NWT), several departments use geo- structure is available to all Yukon tant in remote areas. Reduced acquisi- matics to assist in delivering their pro- Government branches and, in tion costs in recent years have made grams, with the lead role being played some cases, external agencies to this a feasible option for mapping large areas. During the 2008 to 2011 by the NWT Centre for Geomatics

90 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 (NWTCG). The NWTCGprovides The following are some of the key •Mapping and analysis for the NWT geospatial data and services to all activities and accomplishments from 2008 State of the Environment Report, Government of the Northwest to present: 2010 Biodiversity Special Edition. Territories (GNWT) departments with •Mapping of various NWT territorial the following mandate: NWT Centre for Geomatics parks for the Department of Industry Tourism and Investment (ITI). •Technical support to meet govern-• Establishment of an ongoing enhance- •Oil and Gas mapping for ITI ment needs ment of an electronic spatial data Minerals, Oil and Gas Division. •Geomatics project work for access window. •Mapping for the Department of GNWT clients •Refresh of the GNWT Spatial Data Aboriginal Affairs and • Coordinate training requirements Warehouse, including Web Intergovernmental Relations on in geomatics Geographic Information Systems GIS international boundaries. • Maintain geospatial data and Web Mapping Service (WMS) •GIS project management assis- • Make spatial data and existing and data download capabilities. tance to numerous GNWT person- products readily available to all •The Centre has downloaded all available nel. For example: Created a proj- users via the internet SPOT images covering the NWT, and a ect framework and trained ENR •Represent the GNWT interests in 200 kilometre buffer. Once all SPOT contracted biologist on GIS data geomatics to the Government of images become available, the Centre will capture from their field marked Canada and other governments generate a mosaic, and make the data available on the Centre’s Portal. classified satellite imagery. NWTCG is hosted by the Shared • Creation of metadata and formatting •Mapping and analysis for the Services Centre of the Departments of of much of NWT Geomatics data Energy Planning Division/ITI on Environment and Natural Resources holdings for inclusion in the spatial various projects such as hydro (ENR) and Industry, Tourism and data warehouse. electricity options in the North Investment (ITI). Geomatics capabili- • In collaboration with the Department Slave Region, transmission line ties within ENR are centered within of Indian Affairs and Northern mapping for the NWT Power the Forest Management Division, the Development, the GNWT, aboriginal Corporation, etc. Wildlife and Fish Division, and the groups and industry aerial photogra- •Mapping for ENR on a Caribou Protected Areas Strategy hosted by phy, Digital Elevations Models Education Project. the Land and Water Division. There (DEM), and orthophotos were •Mapping for the Department of are regional geomatics expertise in obtained of the Mackenzie delta and the Executive on NWT internet Inuvik, Norman Wells, Hay River, valley. These are freely available connectivity. and Fort Smith. Geomatics within ITI online. •Mapping for the Environmental are centred within the NWT •An automated process was completed Protection Division/ENR on road Geoscience Office (NTGO). for the reception, processing, and post- extension options with reference Within the Department of ing of NOAA satellite imagery to the to layers of select land use data. Community and Municipal Affairs NWTCG website. This imagery is freely (MACA), the geomatics function is available. Departments of housed within the Surveys and •Assisting Health and Social Services inEnvironment and Mapping Unit of the Lands and disease monitor and mapping via a Natural Resources Infrastructure Administration Division. GIS. It is mandated to: •Developed a Strategic and correspon-•Forest Management Division ding Operational Plans. (FMD) has completed the first part • Provide aerial photography of their Forest Management • Conduct legal surveys •Coordinated the Mapping Requirement for the ‘Managing Our Information System project which •Develop topographic mapping includes the implementation of an within the communities Land’ Report (70 maps). •Updates of Wildlife Management Area enterprise relational database Geomatics related to culture and boundaries and legal descriptions as management system, digital forest heritage is the mandate of the Cultural required. and fire management map tem- Places Program within the Department •Working with Elections NWT to create plates, and a Wildfire of Education, Culture and Employment. maps for use in the October 2011 Management application. Any geomatics requirements for Territorial Election (anticipated to be •FMD, working in conjunction the Departments of Transportation, in excess of 50 maps when the project with the Wildlife Division, have Health and Social Services and is completed). completed the Taiga Plains Aboriginal Affairs and •Assist and develop geospatial services Ecozone classification and map- Intergovernmental Relations are cur- for the NWT Hydro Corporation’s ping project and is in the process rently supplied through the NWTCG. hydro development team. of doing the Arctic islands.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 91 •The NWT Fire history polygonNWT Geoscience Office dataset was revised to include cor- • Developed a mobile GIS application rect boundaries for fires from (ARCPad) using PC’s in geology field 1965 to 2005. projects. •The ecology of boreal caribou in•Provided mobile GIS application the lower Mackenzie Valley was training to University of Alberta field completed through the use of spa- school students with support of indus- tial analysis and mapping to sup- try partners. port the modeling of seasonal •Provide an outreach program that habitat. offers geomatics and geological infor- •Mapped, managed, and analyzed mation and training to communities data from satellite and GPS collars and interested parties. on grizzly bears, polar bears, bar- • Major contributions to the Geological for over thirty years. The geomatics ren ground caribou, and boreal Survey of Canada’s Remote services provided include community woodland caribou. Predictive Mapping Program. base maps, preparation of survey •Mapped caribou movements for• Maintenance of a Web-based spatial sketches, site plans, legal surveys, and use by local First nations. data access application, NORMIN acquisition of satellite images. The Web Query, which is a mineral show- Planning and Lands Section of CGS ings database with reference metada- has been given the mandate to provide Department of ta. these geomatics services. Community and •Maintenance of a Web-based data In 2006, CGS took a change in direction and decided to acquire satel- Municipal Affairs access portal, gateway providing download access to 60 years of lite images, instead of air photos, to •Completed a comprehensive land scanned, industry-submitted geologi- update their base maps. It was decided verification project that docu- cal reports to make this decision because the cost ments ownership and tenure status and time to acquire the images were of each land parcel within the Government of the Northwest substantially less. There are 25 munic- municipal boundaries of commu- Territories departments have developed ipalities scattered across an area nities in the NWT. This data was spatial data sets and possess extensive equivalent to one fifth of Canada’s used to populate the database that expertise in a northern framework. land mass (twice the size of the supports the Administration of the Partnerships have been an essential part of province of Ontario). There is also only Territorial Lands Act System the working environment and have been a two month window to acquire images (ATLAS). This data is freely developed with aboriginal groups, federal and the weather conditions during the available on the ATLAS Website. government departments, and among terri- summer months is unpredictable. It can •Completed a refresh of thetorial departments. be easily determined that the acquisi- ATLAS website with new web The base mapping and survey respon- tion of satellite images would mitigate technologies. sibilities outside the community bound- some of these obstacles. aries still resides with the Government of The images acquired are used to Canada, while the creation of thematic update the physical features of base NWT Cultural Places maps and base data within each communi- maps, such as water bodies, buildings, ty resides with the NWT. and infrastructure. The images are also Program used to create digital elevation models •The Ice Patch Research program Helmut Epp and contours at intervals of one metre. continues to assess the possibility NWT Centre for Geomatics Images acquired in previous years that melting ice patches in the Government of the Northwest Territories including 2006 and 2008 focused on Mackenzie Mountains may expose http://www.gov.nt.ca/ the built-up area of the communities artifacts similar to the ancient ice which varied with each due to their patches in the Yukon and Alaska. ∞ ∞ ∞ size. It should be noted that the munic- Landsat 7 satellite imagery was ipal boundaries are considerably larger used to reduce the number of NUNAVUT than the actual built-up areas. potential targets. This was further It was decided in 2009 that CGS augmented with aerial photogra- would acquire images for the entire phy and the creation of field maps The Department of Community and area within the municipal boundaries. and GPS locations. Field research Government Services (CGS), Government This was done to map remote infra- resulted in two positive archaeo- of Nunavut, has been providing geomatics structure such as waste disposal sites, logical sites identified. services to the Municipalities of Nunavut water sources, access roads, future

92 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 projects, and granular sites. In 2011, it 2010/2011 – World View -2 funding to resolve this problem. In is anticipated that CGS will finish • Qikiqtarjuaq 2008, CGS obtained $1.9 million mapping the land within the munici- • Sanikiluaq through the Indian and Northern Affairs pal boundaries. In the following • Pond Inlet Canada Strategic Investment in years, CGS will focus on built-up • Repulse Bay Northern Economic Development to areas which will enable us to update • Baker Lake survey 1,700 lots across Nunavut. In the maps for at least 12 of the com- • Pangnirtung some communities, CGS has created an munities annually. • Kugaaruk inventory of lots for the next 20 years. The following identifies images • Kimmirut CGS still retains the responsibility acquired since 2008 and the type of • Clyde River of approving all survey sketches for land satellite image used: •Coral Harbour within the municipalities prior to survey instructions being issued. CGS also pro- 2008/2009 – World View -1 Acquiring the World View and Geo vides drafting and planning services to • Kugluktuk Eye images have allowed CGS to obtain the communities. • Cambridge Bay images with a resolution of 50 centime- CGS is currently in the initial • Rankin Inlet tres, a RMSE of ±1 and contour interval of stages of developing a Geographical •Cape Dorset 1 metre. CGS confirms the accuracy of the Information System. Funding is need- • Igloolik images by overlaying legal surveys that ed to create an integrated database • Resolute Bay depicted existing building footprints over system that will also be used by other the satellite images. By comparing the Government of Nunavut departments. 2009/2010 – Geo Eye-1 images with the building footprints it was Development has begun and will con- • Taloyoak determined that the accuracy of the images tinue on an in-house system in the •Chesterfield Inlet is between 50 to 70 centimetres. event that funding is not obtained. J •Arviat In 1996, the responsibility to legally •Whale Cove –NRCAN survey lots was transferred from the Robert Chapple •Grise Fiord Territorial Government to the municipali- Senior Manager, Planning & Lands • Hall Beach ties. The municipalities though, have not Community and Government • Gjoa Haven been able to create an inventory of vacant Services •Arctic Bay lots. The Government of Nunavut has taken Government of Nunavut the initiative with the assistance of Federal http://cgs.gov.nu.ca/

25th International Cartographic Conference Paris—Palais des Congrès July 3-8, 2011 Enlightened View on Cartography and GIS

The French Committee of Cartography (CFC) organises the next International Conference on Cartography and GIS in 2011 in Paris, under the umbrella of the International Cartographic Association (ICA)

EVERYTHING ABOUT CARTOGRAPHY AND GIS IN A WEEK

• A conference gathering up to 500 oral presentations •A professional exhibition gathering the major providers of GIS services, data and maps • 3,500 participants • An exclusive exhibition gathering maps from around the world • A children drawings exhibition •Workshops organised by the ICA Commissions covering all fields of GIS and Cartography

AN EVENT FOR SCIENTISTS, ENGINEERS, DECISION-MAKERS AND MAP LOVERS www.icc2011.fr

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 93 FEDERAL, PROVINCIAL TERRITORIAL COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES 2007-2011

The Inter-Agency The IACG is directed by an Assistant •raising awareness of how geo- Deputy Minister (ADM) level Steering matics supports key government Committee on Committee supported by a Director priorities and business lines Geomatics (IACG) and General/Director level Working Group • articulating and establishing har- and a Secretariat. The Working Group monized national geomatics poli- The Canadian Council meets regularly to discuss and recommend cies on Geomatics (CCOG) solutions to common geomatics related •reaching agreement on a federal issues. Current membership includes 15 governance approach for geo- federal departments. matics Decision makers in government Objectives of the committee include increasingly rely on location-based, or the promotion, maintenance and wide- •optimizing federal approaches geo-spatial, information to effectively spread use of the Canadian Geospatial and interactions with provincial answer critical planning and policy Data Infrastructure (CGDI), including cur- and territorial agencies issues related to emergency prepared- rent and accurate data, common data stan- •creating a forum or network to ness and response, disaster mitigation, dards, and data collected once and reused ensure collaboration among public healthcare provision, environ- by many agencies. These objectives are members of the “federal family” mental assessment, and monitoring, met by: and sustainable development, among Current topics of interest at the others. The questions, “Are we certain • establishing cooperation IACG table include supporting Treasury Board (TB) in the imple- the data we are using is current? • recognizing lead roles for the collec- Accurate? Based on common stan- mentation of a federal Standard on tion, maintenance, analysis, integra- Geospatial Data that is consistent dards?” are of concern to users of tion and sharing of location-based location-based information. Two gov- with ISO standards on metadata and data and information to eliminate visualization, as well as working with ernment committees are working overlap and duplication by: together to answer these questions TB IT experts on Web Mapping and Accessibility in order to meet tech- and to ensure Canadians are aware of, •ensuring best efforts to reduce or and have access to data they need. nology challenges of Online eliminate federal inter-agency Government requirements. The intent charges for access and use of is to develop a “help guide” that common location-based data The Federal Perspective departments without in-house GIS • encouraging and furthering inter- expertise would us e to create basic operability of location-based data web mapping functions. The Inter-Agency Committee on and other information systems Another area of discussion is bet- Geomatics (IACG) is the federal ter coordination between the geomat- inter-departmental coordinating body •promoting common data standards thatics and earth observations communi- established to encourage the effective comply with international standards ties. Both the IACG and Canadian and efficient use of geomatics within • facilitating easy access to and use of Group on Earth Observations (CGEO) the Canadian government. location-based information by all acknowledge that better coordination as The IACG defines geomatics Canadians through, for example, the between federal data producers and “the suite of activities and services use of common data licenses, and users, in line with international efforts, involved in the collection, manage- • providing a consultative forum for the will place Canada in a strong position ment, analysis and integration of federal geomatics community. to help lead global initiatives. location-based data to enable To this end, a sub-group repre- improved decision and policy making Goals of the Inter-Agency Committee senting the interests of both the IACG for Canadians.” on Geomatics include: and CGEO is now discussing oppor-

94 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 tunities to better share and provide work data provides context and reference access to location-based data of all kinds for users of Canadian location-based infor- in order to ensure effective and efficient mation. Currently the data offerings include systems and efforts, thereby providing eight themes for Canada: administrative Canadians with the information they boundaries, digital elevation, the geodetic need to enable sound and sustainable network, geographical names, land cover, International policy and decision making. the national hydro network, the national This group will be an information road network, and satellite orthoimagery. Geographic sharing forum to identify and find Several of these data themes have evolved solutions for issues related to data to include more than one data layer. access and sharing, data archiving, IT Additional data themes are being evaluated Union infrastructure, operational policies, and for inclusion. international activities. It will also pro- CCOG collaboration has also resulted vide leadership to enable the exchange in the development of the Canadian of environmental and socio-economic Geomatics Accord. This cooperative Regional location-based data between federal agreement creates a framework for federal, departments, which could eventually provincial, and territorial collaboration in Geographic include other jurisdictions. the collection, maintenance, and distribu- tion of geomatics data. The initial Accord, in 2001, was signed by Ministers from Conference The Federal, Provincial British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova and Territorial Perspective Scotia, Prince Edwards Island, Newfoundland and Labrador, Yukon, and UGI 2011 Created in 1972, the Canadian the Northwest Territories. Federal Ministers Council on Geomatics (CCOG) is the from the Departments of National Defence, federal, provincial and territorial gov- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Public ernment consultative body for the Works and Government Services Canada, United and management of location-based infor- and Natural Resources Canada also signed mation in Canada. Its aims are to pro- the Accord. The 2007 renewal of the Integrated vide a forum for information exchange, Accord added Quebec to the list of signa- to enhance collaboration between tories. The CCOG is currently preparing jurisdictions and to develop, promote for a follow-up renewal in 2012. with the and support national geomatics stan- Benefits of the Geomatics Accord are dards and the Canadian Geospatial increased awareness of geomatics activi- World Data Infrastructure (CGDI). In 2005, a ties, reduced duplication of effort, greater Strategic Steering Committee was efficiencies and more effective promotion created to raise the CCOG’s collective of the uses of location-based information level of influence and the profile of in Canada. November 14-18, geomatics among senior government The Earth Sciences Sector of Natural executives in Canada. Resources Canada provides Secretariat 2011 CCOG led studies have con- support for both the IACG and the CCOG. tributed to the development of key More information on the Inter Agency national initiatives. Significant Committee on Geomatics can be found at: CCOG accomplishments have been: http://www.iacg-cmoig.org Santiago identifying the benefits of a CGDI for For more information about CCOG, Canada, establishing the closely relat- please visit: http://www.ccog-cocg.ca. J ed GeoBase initiative, and creating and promoting the Canadian Chile Geomatics Accord. Gordon W. Garrard The GeoBase initiative was IACG Secretariat developed to provide the key frame- Natural Resources Canada work or base, data component of the www.ugi2011.cl CGDI. Through the web portal Corinna Vester http://www.geobase.ca ( ) trusted fed- GeoBase Secretariat eral, provincial, and territorial frame- Natural Resources Canada

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 95 NATIONAL SOCIETIES AND ASSOCIATIONS REPORTS

Association of striving to influence policy decisions; to ences, the Association is always open create and maintain an active communica- to holding joint meetings with other Canadian Map tion network for the exchange of informa- map/geographic/spatial data organi- tion among members and the cartographic zations to share ideas and explore Libraries and Archives community; and to support the research and common themes. Association des professional development activities of cartothèques et members through publications, conferences Advocacy and Partnerships and seminars. Over the last few years, ACMLA archives cartogra- participated in the Canadian Council Publications on Geomatics (CCOG) National phiques du Canada The ACMLA has always maintained a Mapping Strategy (NMS) initiative (ACMLA / ACACC) strong publishing program. The Bulletin with one of our members in the continues to be published three times per Working Group. Overseen by the year as the primary vehicle of communica- NRCan GeoBase Steering Committee, The Association of Canadian Map tion with our members in Canada and the goal was to forge a long-term Libraries and Archives/Association des abroad. Since the last report to the approach to the planning and coordi- cartothèques et archives cartographiques International Cartographic Association nation of mapping in Canada. In the du Canada (ACMLA/ACACC) is the (ICA), the ACMLA has begun to explore wake of our very successful campaign representative professional group for options for digitizing and disseminating in 2007 to reverse NRCan’s decision Canadian map librarians, cartographic older editions of the Bulletin. We also offer to cease publication of topographic archivists and others interested in spatial a popular facsimile map series of Bird’s mapping, this was a welcomed initia- data and geographic information in all Eye Views, and Canada historical maps. tive for ACMLA to be involved in. Our formats. Since its inception in 1967, the The Association also maintains a strong participation represented the Canadian achievements of the Association have web presence through its web site at map users community, including the been notable. These include: http://www.acmla.org and the CARTA list- general public and academics within serv ([email protected] Canadian educational institutions. • a vigorous publishing program. TO.CA). The Association also maintains its Many members attended NMS round •the development of professional own members only listserv. Future plans table discussions across the country standards and international cata- include the addition of more French lan- sponsored by GIAC (Geomatics loguing rules. guage content on the Association website. Industry Association of Canada). The • advocacy for the importance of final report, Canada’s National spatial information (in all its for- Mapping Strategy is now published on mats) and the contribution of map Annual Meetings the NRCan website. libraries, geospatial data centres Members of the association meet ACMLA representation on the and cartographic archives. annually at venues across Canada: Montreal in 2007 with the Canadian Canadian Committee on Cataloguing Objectives Association of Public Data Users (CCC), through our Bibliographic (CAPDU); Vancouver in 2008 with the Control Committee, was very active The Association has as its primary Canadian Cartographic Association reviewing and submitting comments objectives: to engage in activities (CCA); Wolfville, Nova Scotia in 2009 to the international Joint Steering which further the awareness, use and with CCA, and the Geomatics Association Committee for the publication of understanding of cartographic materi- Resource Description and Access of Nova Scotia (GANS); Guelph in 2010 – the als (in all formats) for the Canadian with CAPDU; and we will meet in Quebec new cataloguing standards to replace research community and the public at City in 2011. Overall, we have found that the AACR2 standards. The RDA was large; to represent and promote the these joint conferences provide us with an published in June 2010. collective interests of Canadian carto- excellent opportunity to explore common ACMLA has also been active in graphic users by establishing contacts themes and solutions with our colleagues. protesting changes to the 2011 Census, with government agencies and by Based on the success of past joint confer- particularly the surprise cancellation by

96 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 the Government of the mandatory long opment, networking, and keeping current • To promote interest in maps and form census. This decision could have were the major themes revealed from the related cartographic materials far reaching implications for mapping survey. In response to the need for spatial •To further the understanding and projects and geospatial education activ- literacy, the association will be developing knowledge of maps by encourag- ities in Canada for many years to come. a teaching and learning-working group. ing research in the field of cartog- A public letter from the Association to The Association’s Bibliographic raphy both historical and current the Government can be found here: Control Committee organized a one-day • To provide for the exchange of http://maplib.blogspot.com/2010/07/ac pre-conference map-cataloguing workshop ideas and information and for the mla-letter-to-tony-clement-concern- in Guelph this year. This introductory discussion of mutual concerns ing.html. workshop provided a starting point for through annual meetings and In recent years, our Federal those cataloguers who want to learn about publications Government has been discussing cataloguing cartographic materials, specif- • To advance education in the field Copyright reform legislation. ACMLA ically paper sheet maps. of cartography and promote the has been active at various town hall This year’s recipient of the Student use of maps meetings and in writing letters to gov- Paper Award was Francine Berish for her ernment officials advocating for less paper Geolibraries, a review: the challenge The Association’s mandate is to restrictive as well as clear and consis- of maintaining an organizational standard offer a forum for the exchange of tent copyright guidelines that will aid alongside the promotion of interoperability ideas and the sharing of cartographic in the creation and sharing of geospa- and access. knowledge. In the new millennium, tial and cartographic knowledge. A the CCA considers its constituency to public letter to the Consultation The Future extend beyond cartography to process can be found here: In recent years, the Association has embrace closely related fields such as http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/008.nsf/en become increasingly active with advocacy Geovisualization and Geographic g/01421.html . and outreach The Association is commit- Information Science. Members are ted to its role to promote, protect and pre- kept informed about technological Member Outreach serve Canada’s rich cartographic heritage changes and opportunities that affect ACMLA launched a Mentoring in both paper and digital format and devel- and influence their professional stand- Program in late 2008 and reported a oping a spatially literate society. Our ings through annual conferences and very successful first year with many membership is looking forward to work- two publications, the refereed, inter- members participating. It was devel- ing cooperatively with the ICA and our national quarterly journal, Cartographica oped to provide a mechanism for colleagues in related associations to help , owned and published encouraging and supporting new achieve these objectives. by the University of Toronto Press, members in their professional growth and the quarterly Canadian and development and welcoming Andrew Nicholson Cartographic Association newsletter, Cartouche them into the profession and President of ACMLA . The CCA is administered Association. The program furthers by volunteer members across Canada two of the Association’s objectives: to who are elected to the Executive develop and maintain communication Committee chaired by the President. networks for the exchange of ideas The CCA has five Special Interest and information among members; and Groups: GIS and Geovisualisation, to support members’ professional Cartographic Education, History of development activities as these relate Cartography, Mapping Technologies to the objectives of the Association. Canadian Cartographic and Spatial Data, and Map Use and The program is overseen by a coordi- Association (CCA) Design. The membership elects a chair nator who is responsible for pairing for each Interest Group who serves a members, year-end evaluation, and Association Canadienne two-year term. The specialty group reporting to the Association. de Cartographie (ACC) chairpersons are tasked with organiz- In early 2010, the Executive ing a session at the Annual Meeting embarked on a Membership and coordinating an annual report and Cartouche Satisfaction Survey that resulted in a The Canadian Cartographic articles to . 44% response rate—most responses Association (CCA) was founded in 1975 from new members. The survey as a private, non-profit organization. The Membership results clearly indicated a need to goals and principles on which it was Membership is open to anyone develop personal expertise and the founded are to further the discipline of with an interest in any aspect of map- teaching of spatial literacy as part of cartography in Canada with the following ping and members are drawn from the their job portfolio. Professional devel- specific objectives: ranks of government, industry, acade-

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 97 mia, and from the general public. Most Dan Duda, a CCA member from Association of Canada members are residents of Canada, but Memorial University, has been active in about 25 per cent come from the organizing the Canadian National Map Lands Surveyors United States and other countries. The Exhibit at the bi-annual ICA meetings. At number of members has not changed the meeting in Santiago, Chile, The Atlas of The Association of Canada Lands appreciably over the last few years and Canada’s Circumpolar Regoin Map— Surveyors (ACLS) is a national self- remains at slightly more than 200. International Polar Year (2008) won first regulating professional association. It The CCA is ramping up its mem- prize out of 99 entries in the Thematic Map has 620 members located across bership recruitment by concentrating category. The jury report cited the map’s Canada (and the world), who have on post-secondary students and recent “unconventional format” (the map is expertise in surveying, photogramme- graduates who represent the future of round) and “beautiful design” as giving try, remote sensing, geodesy, hydrog- the association. The CCA offers the “the user a formidable impression of the raphy and land information systems. Norman L. Nicholson Scholarship to depicted region.” Licensed Canada Lands Surveyors outstanding students, and the (CLS) are the only ones authorized by President’s Prize competition for stu- the Canada Lands Surveyors’ Act to dents in both colleges and universi- Annual General Meetings perform cadastral surveying on ties. The competition requires stu- The Canadian Cartographic Canada Lands, which are formed by dents to produce a map on assigned Association meets annually at diverse Aboriginal Reserves, Federal Parks, themes that are then judged by a panel locations across Canada, and frequently in all lands in the three territories and the of experts at the annual general meet- conjunction with like-minded associa- offshore portion that is not under ing. Winners receive a monetary prize tions. The CCA has a program of Awards provincial jurisdiction. The objects of and their maps become part of the of Distinction, presented at the annual the Association are: Library and Archives of Canada col- meeting, that honour those individuals lection, and are also displayed on the who have made exceptional scholarly con- •to establish and maintain stan- association’s website. tributions to cartography, exceptional con- dards of qualifications for Canada tributions to the practice of cartography, Lands Surveyors; and exceptional contributions to the •to regulate Canada Lands CCA and the International Canadian Cartographic Association. The Surveyors; Cartographic Association most recent meetings have been in •to establish and maintain stan- dards of conduct, knowledge and (ICA) Saskatoon in 2007, as part of the Learneds conference; at the University of British skill among members of the The CCA plays a leading role in Columbia in 2008 along with the ACMLA; Association and permit holders; international cartography through its in Wolfville, NS in 2009 with the •to govern the activities of mem- involvement with the Canadian Geomatics Association of Nova Scotia; and bers of the Association and permit National Committee (CNC) for the in Regina in 2010, as part of the ‘Prairie holders; International Cartographic Summit’ that brought together the CCA, •to cooperate with other organiza- Association. The Canadian National Canadian Association of Geographers tions for the advancement of sur- Committee, chaired by a CCA nomi- (CAG), Canadian Geomorphology veying; and nee (currently Janet Mersey), is Research Group and the Canadian Remote •to perform the duties and exercise responsible for coordinating Canadian Sensing Society. In four years, we thus the powers that are imposed or participation in the International went from the centre of the country, coast to conferred on the Association by Cartographic Association, and has coast and back to the centre, following the the Canada Lands Surveyors Act. such specific responsibilities as principle of crossing the country to enable appointing representatives to ICA all regions’ members to participate. The Offshore Initiatives commissions, working groups and next meetings will be held in Calgary in The ACLS is committed to rais- committees, preparing a biannual 2011 along with the CAG, and in Ottawa in ing awareness of the responsibilities exhibit of Canadian cartography, pub- 2012 with the US-based Cartography and and concerns of respective stakehold- lishing a biannual national report on Geographic Information Society (CAGIS) ers in offshore Canada lands and to Canadian cartography, and facilitating find a common strategy to move this the submission of technical papers for industry sector forward for the better- presentation at meetings of the ICA. In ment of all. addition, Cartographica, is one of the The ACLS has been very active three journals endorsed by the ICA and Donna Williams in promoting the Marine Cadastre receives submissions of manuscripts President concept. A Marine Cadastre is a sys- through recommendations from the Canadian Cartographic Association tem that enables the boundaries of ICA’s Publication Committee. www.cca-acc.org maritime rights and interests to be

98 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 recorded, spatially managed and National Surveyors’ Conference at the Gala Dinner of the National physically defined in relationship to The last National Surveyors’ Surveyors’ Conference, May 8, in St. the boundaries of other neighbouring Conference was held from May 6-8, 2010 John’s, Newfoundland. or underlying rights and interests. in St. John’s, Newfoundland. It was a joint Winning the “Innovation in Thus, a CLS would have an important effort by the ACLS and the Association of Geomatics” category was Fugro role, as he or she has the expertise to Newfoundland Land Surveyors. The Jacques Geosurveys Inc. (Patrick deal with legal boundaries and ensure Conference was a success with over 140 Byrne, CLS) for the project entitled that the public’s interest is protected. delegates attending. “Accuracy and Precision in 120 metres Recognizing an opportunity to The highlight of the Conference was of water”. In the category “Contribution fulfill a need for a national certification the launch of the ACLS-AOLS to Society”, the winner was program for hydrographers and with an Promotional Video. Many attendees were Hydrographic and Geodetic Consulting aim to protect the public from unqual- in awe after viewing the footage. Total (David Gray, CLS) for the project enti- ified service providers, a task force investment in the project was just under tled “Geographic Definition of a formed by the ACLS and the Canadian $60,000. The video can be seen in the Maritime Boundary in Guyana”. Hydrographic Association (CHA) “Careers” section of the ACLS Web site at: Winning in the “Unusual Application in designed a certification program. In http://www.acls-aatc.ca/en/node/43. Some Geomatics” category was McElhaney essence, candidates would be required of the footage from the promotional video Associates (Jim Christie, BCLS, CLS) to obtain the Canada Lands Surveyors has been used to produce a 30 second tele- for the project entitled “LIDAR/GPS Commission in addition to some marine vision commercial that was shown on the Terrain Modeling for Hydraulic Design training and hydrographic survey Aboriginal Peoples Television Network and Evacuation Planning”. experience. This model meets the stan- (APTN) in the springs of 2010 and 2011. The next awards will be presented dards established by the International Next year’s conference will be held in at the Gala Diner at the end of the Hydrographic Organization. the land of the midnight sun, Yellowknife, National Surveyors’ Conference on Another achievement that is Northwest Territories from June 21-24, June 24, 2011 in Yellowknife, worth mentioning is the publication of 2011 at the Explorer Hotel. The conference Northwest Territories. This awards Canada’s the new book entitled kicks off with a midnight golf tournament program is open to all commissioned Offshore: Jurisdiction, Rights, and with tee off at 8:00 p.m. on the 21st. surveyors who are members of a Management. It is truly a high-end Canadian surveying association. publication and much needed for the The deadline for submissions for offshore industry as a whole. In addi- Labour Mobility this year’s awards was March 31, 2011. tion to being an invaluable tool to In the summer of 2008, the Canadian For more information and application : http://www.acls- train new Canada Lands Surveyors, it provincial and territorial Premiers signed form, go to aatc.ca/en/node/27 will help promote the role of the CLS an agreement to further reduce barriers to in the offshore industry. Copies can be Labour Mobility in all trades and profes- www.acls-aatc.ca purchased from: or sions. Following that event, pressure was www.trafford.com. applied on all surveying associations to implement full mobility. ACLS Scholarship In order to facilitate mobility, the The scholarship program was Involvement in the ACLS decided to reduce the number of introduced in 2003. Two $1,500 Aboriginal Community CLS professional examinations from three scholarships are awarded every year to 3 hour exams to one 4 hour exam for indi- worthy candidates. To obtain an appli- Our relationship with the aborigi- viduals who are authorized to practice cation form and further information on nal community has advanced consider- cadastral surveying in a Canadian the ACLS Foundation Scholarship ably in the last few years. Of particular province and who meet the hydrographic Program, visit the ACLS Web site at: note, the National Aboriginal Land surveying education requirement. To elim- www.acls-aatc.ca. Deadline for appli- Managers Association (NALMA) inate the time barrier for taking this exam, cation is May 15, of each year. The approached the ACLS seeking advice ACLS is proceeding with the implementa- Association of Canada Lands and assistance in establishing survey- tion of an on-line, on-demand Web based Scholarship Foundation Inc. is a regis- training programs for aboriginal land exam system. We hope to have this in tered charitable organization, and so it managers. The result has been the place early in the year 2011. is authorized to issue tax receipts. delivery of two training modules for NALMA’s new Professional David Thompson National Certification Program for First Nations Jean-Claude Tétreault Lands Managers. The modules were Geomatics Awards Executive Director delivered the first time in October of The third annual David Thompson Association of Canada Lands Surveyors 2005 and are still in practice today. National Geomatics Awards were presented www.acls-aatc.ca

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 99 The Canadian groups provide a forum for members to evant to geographic research, practice focus on their particular subject in geogra- and education. Association of phy, namely: In addition, activities are con- • Canadian Women and Geography ducted through the five Regional Geographers • Environment and Resources Divisions composing the CAG, name- • Tourism and Recreation ly the Western Division, the Québec The Canadian Association of • Economic and Social Change Division, the Prairie Division, the Geographers (CAG), the only national •Marine Studies and Coastal ZoneOntario Division, and the Atlantic organization representing practicing Management Division. Divisions elect their own geographers from the public, the pri- • Health and Health Care officers and have their own annual vate and the academic sectors, was • Indigenous Peoples meetings and in some cases publish a founded in 1951. Its mission encom- •Rural Geography newsletter and their own journals.! passes: 1) fostering and dissemination • Canadian Geomorphology This year, the CAG is actively of scholarly research in geography •Public Policy Issues supporting improvements in universi- through its Journal The Canadian •Geographic Information Sciencety-level geographic education aimed at Geographer/Le Géographe canadien, (GIS-SIG) providing better training for under- annual national meetings and a series of •Geographies of Asia graduate and better support for recent regional meetings; 2) promotion of • Geographic Education graduates entering the teaching profes- geographic education at all levels and •Diversity, Migration, Ethnicity and Race sion in a context of fiscal restraint. J improvement of teaching; 3) recogni- •Historical Geography tion of geographic excellence through •Urban Geography several annual awards; and 4) coopera- These groups organize special ses- Anne Godlewska tion with other national and internation- sions/workshops/panels at the Annual Professor, Department of Geography al organizations related to Geography. Meeting of the CAG where research Queen’s University Several activities of the CAG are results are presented and discussion Kingston Ontario, carried on within study groups. These forums are engaged on various topics rel- www.cag-acg.ca

The XXII Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing August 25-September 1, 2012 Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre Melbourne, Australia www.isprs2012.org

The Surveying and Spatial Sciences Institute of Australia and I would like to welcome participants to the XXII ISPRS Congress in Melbourne, 2012. Melbourne is my home town, and a place that I am proud to invite delegates and friends to experience.

The Congress will run for 8 days, from the August 25 to September 1, 2012. The programme has been designed to give visitors the maximum opportunity to enjoy all the attractions that Melbourne, the State of Victoria and Australia has to offer, as well as providing a rich and rewarding social and technical programme. The Congress will be well worth the journey.

In keeping with the times, and in an effort to have a Congress with minimal environmental impact (the Congress Centre has a 6 star environmental rating) much of the communication for the Congress will now be electronic. Please bookmark the URL for the Congress, and register for electronic updates. We will still provide hard copy for those who cannot receive email, but we hope to keep this to a minimum.

Cliff Ogleby, Congress Director

100 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 REPORTS FROM EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 2007-2011

Brock University: assignments, supervised work placements, remote sensing platforms. Students and applied training sessions. It includes a also apply their knowledge in real New Collaborative solid geomatics education that provides world applications by participating in students with a variety of career and post- the highly successful practicum pro- Geomatics Program graduate opportunities. gram, gaining valuable work experi- in the Department of ence and testing out career prospects. Dr. Marilyne Jollineau Faculty and graduate students use Geography Associate Professor community mapping and participatory While Brock University Program Coordinator for the GIS methods to examine natural (Department of Geography) and Concentration in Geomatics resource management, indigenous land Niagara College have offered a Department of Geography rights, and other related themes. The Concentration in Geographic Brock University role of geomorphology and hydrology Information Sciences since 2000, they http://www.brocku.ca/social-sciences/under- as critical determinants of landscape teamed up in 2007 to develop a new graduate-programs/geography element connectivity is also a new and improved Concentration in research direction within the depart- Geomatics. In four years, undergradu- ment, capitalizing on the increasing ate students in the Concentration in availability of Light Detection and Geomatics earn both an Honours Ranging (LiDAR) surveys over large degree in Geography from Brock Carleton University: management areas in Ontario, Quebec University and a certificate in and other regions of Canada. Other Geographic Information Systems— Department of recent interests include the develop- Geospatial Management from Niagara Geography and ment of radar and optical remote sens- College. The Concentration in ing techniques to the study of Arctic Geomatics responds to the growing Environmental Studies coastal ice features and to assess indi- need for individuals who possess both The Department of Geography and cators and impacts of climate change a solid academic background and the Environmental Studies offers undergradu- in the cryosphere. applied skills and substantive knowl- ate programs in Geomatics including a Carleton also houses the edge needed on the leading edge of B.A. Honours in Geomatics, a B.Sc. Geomatics and Cartographic Research technology in diverse areas; from Honours in Geography with a Centre and the Geomatics and urban planning and emergency Concentration in Geomatics and a Landscape Ecology Laboratory response services to environmental Geomatics Minor, which is open to stu- (GLEL, http://www.glel.carleton.ca/). management and ecosystem monitor- dents in all Honours programs. Geomatics GLEL is a leading multidisciplinary ing. This would normally involve is also one of the areas of specialization at research group comprised of five fac- attending college after gaining a uni- the Master’s level. In 2010 the department ulty members with geography, geomat- versity degree. However, the completed retrofitted its two teaching lab- ics and landscape ecology interests and Concentration in Geomatics combines oratories, with 56 high-end computer sta- expertise. The lab provides research the two in a single integrated program. tions running the latest versions of com- infrastructure for 25-30 graduate stu- The combination of a university educa- mercial and open-source GIS and Remote dents and visiting scientists or research tion and college training provides an Sensing software. fellows, including advanced comput- excellent background for individuals Students gain exposure to and critical ing, vehicles, boats, remote sensing who are seeking a career in many of analysis of GPS technology, spatial analy- equipment, and instrumentation for these areas, and will likely increase the sis, remote sensing and image analysis, car- vegetation analysis and other field chances for professional advancement tography, and geomatics programming. work. GLEL research seeks to improve once in the job market. This program is Faculty have worked both individually and spatial analysis techniques and spatial designed to provide students with a in teams on such diverse topics as road data, in particular, the mapping of variety of skills and abilities through design, water quality, beneficial agricultur- habitat at scales that are relevant to in-class lectures, hands-on laboratory al practices, and development of new wildlife populations. A primary goal is

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 101 the development of understanding of better feel of the geomatics field before post-diploma Graduate Certificate pro- relationships of population density and selecting their concentration. grams, Geographic Information persistence with habitat availability Our Marine Geomatics Advanced Systems Application Specialist and and pattern. Common interests among Diploma develops graduates who apply Geographic Information Systems the GLEL researchers generally lead to the integrated geodetic skills of GPS posi- Cartographic Specialist. a concentration on advanced landscape tioning and hydrographic surveying. The first of its kind in Ontario, the and habitat modelling and mapping to Students apply these to marine-based Geomatics Technician two-year diplo- support conservation science and activities such as bathymetric data acquisi- ma program is designed for high school resource management. In 2009, the tion and analysis, energy exploration graduates and combines the disciplines group was awarded a 3 year NSERC activities, and projects dealing with the of Geographic Information Systems Strategic Project grant to investigate coastal zone and offshore areas. (GIS), remote sensing, surveying/GPS, the impacts of landscape heterogeneity The fourth programme is our and Cartography. The program focuses and agriculture practices on biodiversi- Advanced Diploma in Geographic on geographic data collection, interpre- ty in eastern Ontario agroecosystems. Sciences, which accepts students from tation, presentation and dissemination. universities and with industry experience. Graduates from this program receive Dan Patterson This programme is an evolution of the advanced standing in the GIS Geomatics Advisor GIS, Remote Sensing and GIS for Specialist programs. Department of Geography and Business programmes with a common first Fleming was the first college to Environmental Studies term, then concentrations from January offer GIS training in Ontario, and has Carleton University through May. Graduates are employed as been doing so for over 20 years—all GIS Analysts, Spatial Data Analysts, GIS other college GIS programs have only Programmers/Developers, Market been established in the last few years. Analysts, Image Analysis Specialists, etc. We’re constantly upgrading and We are linked with our Applied changing our program to suit the cur- Centre of Geographic Geomatics Research Group rent and future demands of the field. Sciences: Programs (www.agrg.cogs.nscc.ca) in Middleton, For instance, we’ve recently revised NS, for (a) student projects and (b) to learn the curriculum to add new courses in in Geomatics from their activities. These include weath- remote sensing, web applications and We now offer four programme er-station monitoring, coastal-zone and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for groups at the Nova Scotia Community flood modelling, use of their Optech spatial data. As well, graduates of this College—Centre of Geographic LiDAR system, community and cultural program receive an Ontario College Sciences (NSCC-COGS) site in mapping, amongst others. We also have a Graduate Certificate—a credential Lawrencetown, Nova Scotia: one-year Joint Masters of Science that recognizes the comprehensive Two programmes (Survey (Applied Geomatics) with Acadia and advanced level of study required Technician Certificate and Geomatics University for qualifying graduates. in this program. Engineering Technology Diploma) Visit us at www.cogs.ns.ca or contact The jewel in the crown of the GIS continue to train first and second year [email protected] with specific questions. Specialist programs is the GIS Co- surveyors, who typically find employ- operative Project undertaken by groups ment in the private and public sectors David MacLean of students during the final two semes- of the geomatics industry. This GIS/Remote Sensing Faculty ters of the academic year (January to includes construction companies, pri- NSCC—Centre of Geographic Sciences June). During the January to April vate survey firms, oil and natural gas (COGS) semester, the students choose a project exploration companies and survey Lawrencetown, Nova Scotia B0S 1M0 and write their project proposal. equipment sales companies. Supplied by the GIS industry, munici- The Diploma in Geographic palities and government clients, Co-op Sciences is a two-year, direct-entry Fleming College: projects are completed during May and programme with five 2nd-year concen- June. The Co-op project course is trations: Community & Environmental Geomatics/GIS designed to be a learning and working Planning, Cartography, Geographic Department at experience for the students where they Information Systems, Remote Sensing apply the many skills they have and Interdisciplinary Studies. This pro- Frost Campus, learned. Projects that the students gramme replaces the long-standing undertake may include data acquisi- Cartography and Planning Lindsay, Ontario tion/pre-processing, database Programmes and the GIS Technician Fleming currently has three Geomatics design/processing, spatial and statisti- Programme with a common founda- and GIS programs: the entry-level cal analysis, programming, web tech- tional year that allows students to get a Geomatics Technician program and two nology and cartographic presentation.

102 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Graduates of Fleming’s carto- grounded in applications including the cre- the Anishinaabeg (or Anishinaabe graphic programs have earned a repu- ation of cybercartographic atlases such as peoples), through the develop- tation for excellence through their Antarctica; Canada’s Trade with the World; ment of an online cybercarto- achievements in the workplace, and Indigenous Artifacts and Knowledge, graphic atlas module of the Lake through cartographic and GIS compe- Kitikmeot Place Names Atlas, the Atlas of Huron Treaty Relationship. This titions. Over the years, they have cap- Arctic Bay and the Pilot Atlas of the Risk is part of the Indigenous tured 80 American Congress on of Homelessness. The Nunaliit Knowledge Research Theme.! Surveying and Mapping awards in Cybercartographic Atlas Framework is an annual competitions (student catego- open source technology developed at the Tracey P. Lauriault ry), as well as numerous awards from Centre, which facilitates participatory atlas The Geomatics and Cartographic the Canadian Cartographic creation and the means to tell stories. A Research Centre Association and the Canadian complete list of GCRCs publications can Carleton University Institute of Geomatics. Graduate be accessed from the website. employment rates remain high and In 2010, the Centre received a two- Fleming’s reputation in the GIS year grant from the Federal Government industry remains unequalled. International Polar Year Program to extend its work with northern communi- Lawrie Keillor-Faulkner ties and develop a “Distributed Réseau GEOIDE GIS-specialist Coordinator Management System for Northern Local Sir Sanford Fleming College and Traditional Knowledge”. This is in Network 2007-2011 School of Environmental and Natural partnership with Nunavut Arctic College Since its inception in 1998, Resource Sciences and the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK). GEOIDE (GEOmatics for Informed Frost Campus, Lindsay, Ontario This builds on a previous research study DEcisions) has nurtured researchers http://www.flemingc.on.ca/ entitled “Recommendations for the Data by different means in order to deliver http://flemingc.on.ca/geomatics-at- Management of Local and Traditional successful projects, consequently con- fleming/ Knowledge Collected for International tributing to the well being of Canadian Polar Year” (Pulsifer, 2009). Additional society. GEOIDE is a research net- ongoing research includes the following: work group assembling researchers at 28 universities across Canada, in a •2010 to 2012—The GCRC underrange of fields including cartography. Principal Investigation Claudio Aporta is GEOIDE continues to host an The Geomatics and awarded was awarded a 3-year SSHRC Annual Scientific Conference (ASC), Standard Grant entitled The Northwest an Annual Summer School (GSS), a Cartographic Research Passage and the Construction of Inuit Students’ Network (GSN), workshops Centre (GCRC) Pan-Arctic Identities. D. R. Fraser and significant knowledge exchange Taylor is the Co-applicant. activities. GEOIDE’s 2010 ASC was The GCRC is an official research •2010-2012 - Gwich’in Goonanh’kakdifferent from previous years since it centre of the Department of Goonwandak: The Places and Stories was a joint Conference with other insti- Geography and Environmental of the Gwich’in which is a sub-grant tutions in the geomatics field. Under the Studies at Carleton University direct- of Canadian Heritage grant to name Canadian Geomatics Conference ed by D. R. Fraser Taylor, Fellow of Gwich’in Cultural Society entitled (CGC), it was held in TELUS the Royal Society of Canada and Gwich’in Place Names Atlas D. R. F. Convention Centre in Calgary from Distinguished Research Professor. Taylor sub-grant PI. June 15-18, 2010. According to the par- GCRC research includes: cyber- •2009/12, A Cybercartographic Caseticipants, one of the most successful cartography, polar research, multisen- Study of the Lake Huron Treaty components of GEOIDE sessions was sory cartography (e.g. sound and olfac- Relationship Process, D. R. Fraser the Student Showcase, organized by the tion), cinématographie, indigenous Taylor, Principal Investigator, with GEOIDE Students’ Network. knowledge, participatory cartography, Co-applicant: Nancy Doubleday We continue to have an ongoing archiving and preservation, open (Geography and Environmental relation with our national and interna- source technologies and interoperabili- Studies, Carleton University and tional partners including student ty, the management of geographic Sebastien Caquard (Universite de exchange in particular with Germany, information and Global Map. The Montreal); has as a broad objective to Mexico, France and Europe. One of Centre is the home of the International increase the understanding of the our international workshops co- Polar Year Inuit Sea Ice Use and requirements for improved treaty- organized with our French partner Occupancy Project (ISIUOP) led by based relationships with Canada’s (CQFD) in our 2010 Annual Dr. Claudio Aporta. Our research is indigenous peoples and in particular, Conference led to an international

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 103 publication through an issue in! the with 46 employees) and Intelli³ (winner of Queen’s GeoComputation and Revue Internationale de Géomatique prizes for entrepreneurship). Analysis Laboratory (GCAL) for to be published in March 2011. One of Population Health and Disease the most exciting news from Nicholas Chrisman, Scientific Director Modelling. Dr. Chen and her research GEOIDE’s Business Centre is its col- GEOIDE Network, team will develop disease spread pro- laboration with a group of internation- Université Laval, Québec QC tocols by combining mathematical, al networks. Recently, six networks www.geoide.ulaval.ca environmental, and multi-level agent including GEOIDE Network, Canada, models to: (i) simulate transmission Korean Land Spatialization Group and impact of disease spread; and (ii) (KLSG), Korea, Cooperative evaluate the vulnerability of different Research Centre for Spatial communities to the potential outbreak Information (CRCSI), Australia, Queen’s University: of communicable diseases. Dr. Ryan CentroGeo, Mexico, National Centre Danby received a CFI—LOF grant to for GeoComputation, Ireland, and Department of develop a new lab facility dedicated to Future Position X, Sweden are creat- research on forest-tundra dynamics in ing a Global Network for Networks. Geography a changing climate. Dr. Danby’s This group’s mission is to promote the Certificate in Geographic research will integrate field ecology links between the existing projects Information Science: with geospatial analysis to address among the members as well as devel- The Geography Department of the questions related to the manner in oping new projects. The Network for Faculty of Arts and Science offers a study which the forest-tundra transition has Networks plan to look for new fund- option leading to a Certificate in responded to climate change and vari- ing and subsidies from international Geographic Information Science (GISc). ability in the past and examine the organizations such as World Bank and This option is available to all Queen’s physical and biological variables that the United Nations. University undergraduate students regard- interact to influence the establishment Our funding from the Networks of less of their degree concentration, and is and growth of trees and shrubs across Centres of Excellence (NCE) was intended for those who wish to enhance this transition. renewed in 2008 for the last phase their undergraduate degree with a GISc For more information on our (Phase IV) which started in April 1, Certificate. Students will select from a facilities, academic programs and 2009 and will end in March 30, 2012. suite of courses in geographic information research themes, please visit the Phase III ended with 34 projects and systems (GIS), remote sensing, spatial Department of Geography website Phase IV started with 8 projects and 8 modelling, statistics, computer science (http://geog.queensu.ca/). more projects joined in 2010 through and math. The Department of Geography the Strategic Investment Initiative operates two lab facilities that focus on Paul Treitz, Head (SII). Current research themes in GISc course delivery. For details on the Department of Geography GEOIDE projects include: Certificate in Geographic Information Queen’s University, Kingston, ON [email protected] Environmental change, Distributed Science, please visit: (http://www.queen- http://geog.queensu.ca/ sensors and Mobility. GEOIDE is su.ca/calendars/artsci/Certificate_in_Geo planning to have a new one- year proj- graphic_Information_Science.html). ects in 2011-2012. Also, there is a new funding available for workshops and Undergraduate and Graduate Research: publications promoting the result of The Department of Geography at prior GEOIDE projects, particularly Queen’s has two research facilities empha- Simon Fraser those funded in Phase III (2005-2009). sizing GISc. These include the Laboratory In 2009, a Special Issue of for Remote Sensing of Earth and University: Spatial Geomatica Vol. 63, No. 4, 2010, was Environmental Systems (LaRSEES) Information Sciences consecrated to the GEOIDE Network directed by Dr. Paul Treitz following those of December 2001 and (http://www.geog.queensu.ca/larsees/) and at the Department of September 2005. This issue assembled the Laboratory for Geographic Information Geography, Faculty ten articles first-authored by students. and Spatial Analysis (LaGISA) directed by Over the years, GEOIDE has Dr. Dongmei Chen (http://gis.geog.queen- of Environment su.ca/). In addition, in 2010 we were suc- contributed to a growing list of activ- In 2009, Simon Fraser University cessful in two Canada Foundation for ities that support a vibrant geomatics (SFU) inaugurated the Faculty of Innovation (CFI)—Leaders Opportunity industry. The list of spin-offs grew in Environment which became the new Fund (LOF) grant applications to establish this period with the creation of home for the Geography Department two new lab facilities related to GISc. First, Miovision (winner of our Phil Lapp and its Spatial Information Sciences Dr. Dongmei Chen is establishing the Award in 2009, and now a company (SIS) teaching and research programs.

104 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 The SIS stream includes the subject forest diseases, and archeology among oth- Environmental & Resource Science. areas of remote sensing, GIScience, ers. Publications from these research efforts Students admitted to the program regis- geovisualization, collaborative deci- have appeared consistently in leading inter- ter as full-time Fleming students during sion-making, spatial analysis and national and national journals. SIS faculty the third year of their Honours pro- modeling. From its establishment in members are further enhancing the visibility gram. Classes are held at the Fleming early 1990s until present, the SIS pro- of the department and the SIS research pro- College Campus. Students who suc- gram has grown from two to five full- gram by serving as editors or associate edi- cessfully complete all three semesters time faculties. As a result of an early tors of the International Journal of Remote of the GIS Application Specialist or retirement in 2009, we are in the Sensing, The Canadian Geographer and GIS Cartographic Specialist program process of recruiting a tenure track Geomatica journals, and by editing the with a minimum grade of 60% in all assistant professor in the area of envi- Springer book series on Advances in courses receive the corresponding ronmental remote sensing to begin in Geographic Information Science. Moreover, Ontario College Graduate Certificate summer 2011. faculty members serve on the editorial along with upper-level Trent Science The Spatial Information Systems boards of leading international journals; credits to complete a single- or joint- (SIS) Certificate is a key educational serve as the executive committee of the major degree. “Emphasis in program in our department and has a Canadian Spatial Knowledge and Geographical Information Systems large undergraduate student intake. Information (SKI) conference; co-chaired or (Applications)” or “Emphasis in Since September 2005, an undergradu- served on the program committees of impor- Geographical Information Systems ate GIScience major program is being tant conferences such as GeoComputation (Cartography)” is noted on their Trent offered jointly with the Faculty of and GIScience among others; as well as are transcript. These students are eligible Applied Sciences. Quite recently, a SIS active members of various commissions of to return to Fleming following comple- concentration was added to the the International Geographical Union (IGU) tion of their Trent Honours degree to Physical Geography stream. There are and International Cartographic Association complete the requirements for the GIS twelve undergraduate and four gradu- (ICA). The SIS program at SFU provides a Application Specialist or GIS ate courses offered within the SIS pro- vibrant and intellectually stimulating Cartographic Specialist Ontario grams, with healthy enrolments per research, teaching and learning environment. College Graduate Certificate. With this course in both the lower and upper articulation agreement students can divisions. The geography department Suzana Dragićević, Professor obtain, in effect, a Trent University possesses three state-of-the-art SIS Department of Geography Honours Bachelor of Science or Labs equipped with over 50 high-end Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Bachelor of Arts Degree in either www.sfu.ca/geography/ computers, a spatial data warehouse, Geography or Environmental and industry-standard software dedi- Science/Studies and a Geographical cated to support undergraduate student Information Systems Ontario College training. In last three years, 37 students Graduate Certificate in four years- have obtained the SIS certificate, and instead of five. In addition to under- three students have graduated with a Trent University graduate education and training, GIS GIScience major. Trent University offers a robust and Remote Sensing applications to The SIS research programs con- Geographical Information Systems (GIS) research and graduate education span a ducted within the Department of undergraduate education and training pro- wide variety of research projects Geography at SFU is internationally gram through the Department of through Trent’s Environmental and recognized and generously supported Geography and the Environmental and Life Sciences and the Applications of by major federal and provincial funding Resource Studies Program since 1993, and Modelling and Quantitative Methods agencies. There are four research labo- recently through the Department of Graduate Programs. Many of these ratories: Remote Sensing lab, Anthropology (Archaeology). GIS is projects are in partnership with the Geospatial Data lab, Spatial Analysis instructed at Trent University through a Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Modeling lab and Spatial Interface range of introductory, intermediate and (OMNR). Trent’s Watershed Science lab, all hosting and training dynamic advanced undergraduate courses using its Centre,— a joint venture with the teams of graduate students, research fel- Geomatics laboratory facilities, and OMNR and Fleming College, offers a lows, and post-doctoral scholars. Over through a wide range of research applica- variety of on-demand GIS training 12 graduate students at the Masters and tions in graduate training. Moreover, in col- courses to staff of Ministries, PhD levels have completed studies, and laboration with Sir Sandford Fleming Conservation Authorities, NGOs and there are 14 are currently in training. College, Trent University offers an private sector. From physical and The SIS research conducted cover a Emphasis in Geographical Information human geography, to DNA, wildlife, range of applied areas such as visualiza- Systems. The Emphasis is available to stu- landscape ecology and archaeology, to tion of hazards, population health, dents in the Honours B.Sc. or B.A. program computer modelling, climate change, health care, land-use/land cover change, at Trent University in Geography or in and aquatic science, GIS and Remote

Vol. 65 No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 105 Sensing applications to research are tion). Recent innovations in both fields, directly related to geomatics (Thematic rich and strong at Trent University. coupled with on-going development and Cartography, GIS Introduction, Internationally, Trent University has application of new technologies, highlight and! Advanced Geomatic Projects) strong collaboration ties in GIS and the value of an integrative program to while other courses use GIS, photo- Remote Sensing applications with the address both student interest and employ- grammetry or other spatial methods Food and Agriculture Organization of ment opportunities. and techniques (Geomorphology, the United Nations (FAO) and the UN The Environmental Geoscience and Physical Geography Laboratory, Environmental Program (UNEP) in a Geomatics Major will provide the opportu- Urban and Rural Studies, Regional variety of international projects in nity for study of the processes and proper- Geography, Territorial Planning, Latin America: the Amazon Basin ties of the biophysical environment along among others). The B.A. Honours in (including 8 countries), Mexico, Cuba, with a core foundation in spatial analytical Geography offers the opportunity to and Central America; in Africa: Kenya, techniques such as remote sensing, geo- students to do either an Honour thesis Ethiopia and Lybia; and in the Middle graphic information systems, and cartogra- or a field training. The use of geomatic East: Lebanon and Jordan. The Centre phy. Graduates of the program that select tools are frequently used to achieve for Earth Systems Observation and courses required for a “Professional those projects. A geomatic laboratory Geospatial Analysis (CEOSGA) Geoscientist” designation will meet the is available for our students. involving Trent University, Fleming academic eligibility requirements for mem- The Université de Moncton also College, the OMNR, Conservation bership as an Environmental Geoscientist offers a Master Degree in Agencies, NGOs and local government in the Association of Professional Environmental Studies (M.A.) in in Peterborough, is in its formative Geoscientists of Ontario (APGO), allowing which geomatic is used as an efficient stages and it is envisioned that it will for use of the P.Geo. designation. Ontario’s tool in many thesis related to environ- become a hub for Geomatics training, legislation under the Professional mental problems such as coastal ero- research and development activities in Geoscientists Act, 2000, requires registra- sion, watershed management, land- the Peterborough and the Kawartha tion with the APGO of anyone wishing to scape planning, assessment of green Lakes region. practice geoscience in Ontario. energy potential. In addition to Majors in Geography Raul Ponce, Associate Professor (BA), Environmental Governance (BA), Guillaume Fortin, PhD (GIS and Remote Sensing instructor) and Environmental Geography (BScEnv), Professeur adjoint de geographie Department of Geography and the Department of Geography continues to Université de Moncton Environmental and Resource offer a BSc Minor in Geographic Département d’histoire et de géograhie Studies Program Information Systems. This popular option Moncton, NB E1A 3E9 [email protected] Trent University, Peterborough, attracts students in a range of disciplines Ontario K9J 7B8 who recognize the applicability of spatial http://www.trentu.ca/geography/ analytical techniques to numerous research areas in the natural and social sciences. More information about all Geography pro- grams at the University of Guelph can be found at www.uoguelph.ca/geography/. University of Northern University of Guelph British Columbia, New Undergraduate Program Janet E. Mersey, Associate Chair in Environmental Geoscience Department of Geography Natural Resources- and Geomatics University of Guelph Beginning in September 2011, Environmental Studies the Department of Geography at the The collective geomatics University of Guelph will offer a new resources at UNBC from 2005-2010 BSc Honours Program in have focused on the Western Environmental Geoscience and Canadian Cryospheric Network Geomatics. The objective of the pro- Université de Moncton: (WC2N), funded by the Canadian gram is to provide students with a Foundation for Climate and solid foundation in two increasingly Département d’histoire Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS). This interrelated areas of scholarship; geo- et de géographie / Études multi-investigator project, led by science (the study of the Earth and its Brian Menounos (UNBC) involves systems) and geomatics (a discipline de l’environnement six western universities and one in the which integrates the acquisition, mod- The sector of Geography uses geoma- US, as well as government depart- eling, analysis and management of all tics in different undergraduate courses, ments and corporations. We have also types of spatially referenced informa- essentially as a tool.! A few! courses are contributed to the European Space

106 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Agency sponsored GlobGlacier proj- tain glacier image-elevation models, differ at each, but the similarities are ect (2007-2010), aimed at increasing as part of the UNBC High greater than the differences. global mapping of current glacier Performance Computing Centre: At the undergraduate level, there extents. The ongoing results of both http://www.unbc.ca/geowall are a series of second- and third-year projects include the acquisition at courses in GIS for geographic analysis, UNBC of the following hardware, Associated publications: mapping, and remote sensing. These software and data: Bolch T., Menounos B., Wheate R., 2010. lead to upper year courses in advanced Landsat-based inventory of glaciers in GIS techniques, a group GIS Research • Two photogrammetric worksta- western Canada, 1985-2005. Remote Project, or more specialized courses tions using Cardinal Systems VR Sensing of Environment, 114, 127–137 targeted at cartographic design, water- Mapping software to extract gla- Beedle, M. J., B. Menounos, B. H. shed hydroecology, forest manage- cier extents and elevation models Luckman, and R. Wheate, 2009. ment, and emergency response man- •Thousands of photogrammetri- Annual push moraines as climate proxy, agement. Electives of these are cally scanned historical air pho- Geophysical Research Letters, 36, required for the GIS minor program tos of glaciers in Alberta and L20501, doi:10.1029/2009GL039533. which is offered by the department. Of British Columbia from provincial Moore, R.D., Fleming, S., Menounos, B., course they are all available to non- and federal libraries, the latter Wheate, R., Fountain, A., Holm, C., specialized undergraduate students as through Mike Demuth, and Jakob, M., 2009. Glacier Change well. This year we are offering at St. Geological Survey of Canada in Western North America: Influences George a course in the Evolution of •Digital elevation models (DEM) on Hydrology, Geomorphic Hazards, Geographic Information, for the first from SPOT imagery and LiDAR and Water Quality. Hydrologic time. The Mississauga campus (UTM) for selected glaciers (the latter Processes, 23, 42-61. also offers Major and Minor programs through Mike Demuth, GSC); Schiefer, E., Menounos, B. & Wheate, R., in Geographic Information Science, four complete DEM sets from 2008. An inventory and morphometric with courses available aimed at trans- NTDB, BC TRIM, SRTM and analysis of British Columbia glaciers, portation systems analysis, land GDEM (ASTER) for the whole Canada. Journal of Glaciology, resource analysis, spatial modelling western region, along with 54(186), 551-560. and statistics, as well as a course on assorted DEMs from historical Schiefer, E., Menounos, B. & Wheate, R., communication with maps. aerial photos and maps. TRIM 2007. Recent volume loss of British Graduate and faculty research and SRTM DEM data were Columbia glaciers, Canada. using GIS has ranged far and wide. A assembled by Erik Schiefer as a Geophysical Research Letters, 34, few examples: the Remote Sensing postdoctoral fellow (now L16503, doi:10.1029/2007GL030780 and GIS Lab in the Physical Geography Northern Arizona U.) Building at St. George (spatially explicit •Satellite image archive from Roger Wheate, Associate Professor carbon and water cycle modelling), the Landsat, SPOT and ASTER for UNBC, 3333 University Way Transportation and Environmental western glaciers. A glacier inven- Prince George, BC Change Lab at UTM (spatial structure of tory for 2005 was generated from Tel: 250-960-5865 cities and regions, and the sustainability of Landsat imagery by postdoctoral email: [email protected] human activities), and the Cities Centre of fellow Tobias Bolch, (now ETH the University of Toronto (interdisci- Zurich). These data were sup- plinary research on urban issues, with plied to the glacier database, which a number of Geography and coordinated by the Global Land Planning faculty are associated.) Ice Measurements from Space The department also houses the (GLIMS) project University of Toronto: GIS and Cartography Office, which •Six (Topcon) survey level GPS undertakes GIS and mapping work for units, capable of Real-Time Department of researchers within and outside of the Kinetic data collection Geography and Program department, designs and publishes •Continuing field measurements maps to illustrate their results, in print in spring and summer from a in Planning or interactive web formats. Recent local glacier site (Castle Creek The Department has an active agenda projects illustrating the diversity of this Glacier), including maintenance in GIS-related matters: in our undergradu- work include web-mapping collabora- of weather stations, and remote ate program, in graduate and faculty tions with the Records of Early English data retrieval research, and in our GIS and Cartography Drama project, the Injury Prevention •True 3D Geowall with dualOffice. The department operates over the 3 Research Office (St. Michael’s Panasonic PT-5500U DLP based university campuses (Downtown, Hospital), and the Canadian Century projectors for display of moun- Scarborough and Mississauga), and details Research Infrastructure project. The

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 107 Office has also publishes a Technical the 4-year B.A. and B.Sc. streams offered have the option of taking the ADGISA Paper series documenting project- by the University of Winnipeg’s program either face-to-face or online based GIS work, and has created and Department of Geography. In essence this (http://www.viu.ca/adgisa/index.asp). maintains GIS data collections includ- joint program offers students the opportu- The face-to-face is an intensive, 8- ing the Neptis Foundation Geospatial nity to graduate with both a 4-year month program where students have Data Collection on Urban Issues. University of Winnipeg B.A. or B.Sc. the opportunity to interact with degree plus the 1-year Red River instructors and colleagues in a class- Byron Moldofsky, Manager Advanced Diploma in four years rather room setting and engage in a work- GIS and Cartography Office than the usual five years. study practicum. The online version University of Toronto The geomatics offerings at the extends over a 16-month period and University of Winnipeg also benefit from a has been designed for those unable to long-standing site license agreement with relocate to Nanaimo, British ESRI, whereby the full suite of ESRI prod- Columbia for the face-to-face option. ucts are available through a campus-wide In both options, students learn research and teaching site license. This how to will learn to use GIS, Remote University of allows us to offer training using the latest Sensing, GPS and Mapping tech- Winnipeg: Department generation of state-of-the-art GIS software. niques as a spatial information and Geomatics training at the University problem-solving tool in addressing of Geography of Winnipeg also benefits from the avail- real-world issues or problems. The The Department of Geography at ability of the state-of-the-art Planetary face-to-face program has a 9 credit the University of Winnipeg offers 3- Spectrophotometer Facility associated work-study practicum; the online ver- year, 4-year and Honours Bachelor of with the Department of Geography. This sion includes course work with a num- Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees federally- and provincially-funded facility ber of GIS project assignments. The in Geography. This reflects the diver- houses over $1 million of remote sensing range of GIS skills acquired in each sity of expertise that exists within the infrastructure, including a variety of field version of the ADGISA program are Department. portable and laboratory imaging and point the same – a skill set where graduates The University of Winnipeg is spectrometers, offering capabilities rang- are well positioned to secure full-time aggressively pursuing consolidation ing from the ultraviolet to the far-infrared. employment in the field of GIS. and expansion of its geomatics pro- Geomatics faculty at the University of Course titles for the face-to-face gram through a number of initiatives. Winnipeg are involved in diverse research ADGISA version are Foundations of With the recent hiring (September projects that employ a number of under- Geographic Information Systems; 2010) of a new geomatics faculty graduates every year. Current and recent Geodatabases; General Spatial member, the Department of projects include geological mapping of Analysis; Advanced Applied Spatial Geography is revamping and stream- regions on the Moon and Mars, field- Analysis; Visual Programming for lining its offerings in geomatics, offer- based studies of planetary analogue envi- GIS; Management Issues in GIS; GIS ing logical stepped course progressions ronments, and urban-rural fringe mapping Applications Project: Practicum; and in geostatistics, cartography, remote in Argentina. Internet GIS. sensing, and GIS. Course titles for the online ADG- Upper level geomatics courses Edward Cloutis, Professor ISA version are Foundations of focus on specialized training in various Department of Geography Geographic Information Systems; geomatics areas (e.g., radar, hyperspec- University of Winnipeg Geodatabases; Remote Sensing & http://www.uwinnipeg.ca/index/geogra- tral) as well as project-based courses, in Digital Image Processing; General phy-index which teams of students undertake geo- Spatial Analysis; Programming matics projects for external clients. Foundations; Advanced Applied Field-based activities and courses are Spatial Analysis; Global Positioning being developed, in areas such as Systems (GPS) and Survey Analysis; research methods, data collection pro- Visual Programming for GIS; tocols to supplement our classroom- Vancouver Island Management Issues in GIS and and laboratory-based instruction. Internet GIS. The University of Winnipeg University: Advanced Two years ago, ADGISA team recently completed an articulation Diploma in GIS participated in the Spatial Data agreement in GIS with Red River Infrastructure development project for College. Through this articulation Applications (ADGISA) the Republic of Lithuania. As part of agreement, the Advanced Diploma in Vancouver Island University is now this large, nation-wide project to GIS that is available through Red offering two versions of post-graduate develop a Geographic Information River College has been integrated into program in GIS applications. Students Infrastructure (GII), the country of

108 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 Lithuania’s National Lands Service which was delivered over a 1-year period VIU’s post-graduate programs in contracted Vancouver Island from May 2007 to May 2008. GIS applications enable students to University to develop nine GIS cours- Course titles for the SDI ADGISA ver- strengthen their theoretical knowledge es (http://www.viu.ca/sdi/index.asp). sion are Fundamentals of geographic infor- of GI Science and SDI, at the same ADGISA developed and participated mation systems; Geographic database man- time, develop and hone their skills in in deliver the courses. These courses agement systems (DBMS); Geodesy and using industrial software packages were to provide civil servants with a cartography fundamentals; Spatial analysis and technologies. J set of geomatic tools and techniques and modeling; Applications of geographic that would strengthen Lithuania’s information systems; Geospatial standards Michael Govorov geographic information infrastructure and specifications; Project management for University-College Professor at the local and national levels. Over geographic information systems; Advanced Diploma Program in GIS 180 GIS professionals from various Fundamentals of Spatial Data Vancouver Island University, ministries and local governments par- Infrastructure; and Web programming for Nanaimo BC ticipated in the training program, geographic information systems. http://www.viu.ca/adgisa/index.asp

This year’s conference will be held in the land of the midnight sun: Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, from June 21- 24, 2011 at the Explorer Hotel. The conference kicks off with a midnight golf tournament starting at 8:00 p.m. on the 21st. The program consists of: seminars and workshop on June 22nd and 23rd on the following interesting subjects: Aboriginal Land Claims and Negotiations, Natural Boundaries, Getting it Right, and The Role of the Surveyor in a Canadian National Parcel Map. There will be an ACLS Business meeting and Gala Dinner on June 24. As well, many activities for accompanying persons and a full slate of social events are planned. Exciting activities include exploring the natural wonders of Yellowknife in guided tours, a tour of the facilities of the famous “Ice Pilots” (Buffalo Airways) and DC-3 flight over the city, and discovering the history of the city and surrounding areas. Details will be posted on the Web site and surveyors from all jurisdictions are welcomed at http://www.acls-aatc.ca

La septième Conférence nationale des arpenteurs-géomètres aura lieu dans le territoire du soleil de minuit!:!Yellowknife, Territoires du Nord-Ouest, du 21 au 24 juin 2011 à l’hôtel Explorer. La conférence débutera par un tournoi de golf de minuit avec départ à 20!h le 21 juin. Le programme comprend les!séminaires et l’atelier de travail suivants les 22 et 23 juin!:!Revendications territoriales des Autochtones, Limites naturelles, Getting it Right (Bien faire les choses) et le Rôle de l’arpenteur-géomètre dans un plan parcellaire national canadien. Il y aura l’Assemblée générale de l’AATC et le souper du président le 24 juin. De plus, il y aura de nombreuses activités pour les personnes accompagnatrices de même qu’un programme chargé d’événements sociaux. Parmi les activités palpitantes, on compte l’exploration des merveilles naturelles des environs de Yellowknife dans des excursions guidées, la Buffalo Airways Experience – les désormais célèbres pilotes des glaces (série télévisée), visite du centre opérationnel de Buffalo Airways avec visite aérienne d’une heure de la ville en DC-3 ainsi que la découverte de l’histoire de la ville et de ses environs. Les détails sont affichés sur le site Web à : http://www.acls-aatc.ca. Les arpenteurs-géomètres de toutes les juridictions sont bienvenus.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 109 THE ICA INTERNATIONAL MAP EXHIBITION

A selection of Canadian maps was submitted to the 2009 International Map Exhibition in Santiago, Chile, and these entries are described below. A set is also being readied to send to the 2011 International Map Exhibition in Paris, France, but is not yet finalized. 24th International 1397 mm x 1397 mm, date published: Branch, Natural Resources Canada, November 18, 2008, language(s) of the Published by: Atlas of Canada Map Exhibition, legend: English. Program, Mapping Information As part of the International Polar Year Branch, Natural Resources Canada. Santiage, Chile, (IPY) 2007-08 and 2008-09 activities, and Scale: 1:5,000,000, size: 838 mm x November 15-21, 2009 related objectives of the Commission for 1080 mm, date published: May 1, 2007, the Geological Map of the World language(s) of the legend: English. Introduction (CGMW), nations of the circumpolar Natural Resources Canada’s Atlas Arctic have cooperated to produce a new of Canada, the Government of The maps and atlases listed below bedrock geology map and related digital Canada’s RésEau - Building Canadian were selected as the Canadian content map database at 1:5 M scale. It includes Water Connections initiative and the of the International Cartographic complete geological and physiographic Canadian Wildlife Federation have Exhibit at the International coverage of all onshore and offshore collaborated to produce this map that Cartographic Association’s (ICA) 24th bedrock areas down to 60 degrees north. promotes the importance of watersheds International Cartographic Conference through education. Canada’s five ocean held in Santiago, Chile from November Circumpolar Region – International Polar watersheds are colour-coded on the 15-21, 2009. The same exhibit was also Year (2008). Atlas of Canada Program, map: Pacific Ocean, Arctic Ocean, displayed at the Canadian Cartographic Mapping Information Branch, Natural Hudson Bay, Atlantic Ocean and Gulf Association’s conference in Regina, Resources Canada, Atlas of Canada of Mexico. Each of these five massive Saskatchewan from June 1-5, 2010. Program, Mapping Information Branch, landscapes contains a hierarchy of The map Circumpolar Region— Natural Resources Canada. Scale: watersheds. This map depicts 594 International Polar Year (2008) won 1:10,400,000, size: 813 mm in diameter watersheds, most of which are connect- first prize in the Thematic Map cate- (trimmed round), date published: ed and ultimately flow into an ocean. gory—congratulations to the cartog- December, 2008, language(s) of the legend: The scale of the map is 1:5,000,000 raphers from NRCan for their creative English and French. and the vertical near-side projection work. Another map in the category of This recently revised bilingual map has been used. Maps based on Satellite Imagery won was produced as a special product for the second place. It was part of the International Polar Year. It was produced Drawing the Line. Steven Fick, Canadian American Environmental Atlas, Land from the Atlas of Canada Reference Map, Geographic Enterprises. Scale: 1:20,000, Use 2005 and was a result of a multi- MCR0001, North Circumpolar Region size: 270 mm x 400 mm, date pub- national mapping partnership among (2008). Its round shape shows detail from lished: July 1, 2008, language(s) of Canada, Mexico, and the United States. north of 55 degrees latitude. All national the legend: English. Thank you to all the map makers and boundaries are shown along with The map summarizes the little- distributors who participated with this Canadian provincial and territorial bound- known history behind the determina- ICC project. aries and Canada’s 200 nautical mile off- tion of the four main sections of the shore Exclusive Economic Zone. National Canada-U.S. border. The style Danial Duda, Map Librarian, capital cities are displayed along with reflects on older styles of cartogra- Memorial University of Newfoundland other cities, towns, villages and hamlets; phy. Inset maps highlight various all have been updated to 2008. A number snapshots from the history. of significant northern features can be found such as the minimum permanent Wind Energy in Canada (two-sided Thematic Maps polar sea ice extent for 1972 to 2007, tree poster map). Steven Fick, Canadian Geological Map of the Arctic. line, undersea relief and undersea feature Geographic Enterprises. Scale: Harrison, J C; St-Onge, M R; Petrov, names, land relief, historical surveyed 1:800,000, size: 685 mm x 500 mm, date O; Strelnikov, S; Lopatin, B; Wilson, locations of the Magnetic North Pole from published: June 1, 2007, language(s) F; Tella, S; Paul, D; Lynds, T; 1831 to 2007 and updated glaciers, ice of the legend: English and French. Shokalsky, S; Hults, C; Bergman, S; fields and coastal ice shelves. The map was included as a pul- Jepsen, H F; Solli, A., Geological lout map in the June 2007 of Canadian Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Discover Canada’s Watersheds. Atlas of Geographic magazine. This poster Canada. Scale: 1:5,000,000, size: Canada Program, Mapping Information map shows wind speeds, access to the

110 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 electrical grid, and location of opera- tique), John Donner, Gord Robertson, shade base and three grid overlay. On ting and planned wind farms. Florin Savopol and Eva Siekierska (Centre the other side, historic sites informa- for Topographic Information), published by tion and maps will help to explore each Greater Toronto Coast. Catherine Centre for Topographic Information, location and entice understanding on Farley, Sharis Shahmiryan, David Beer, Mapping Information Branch, Earth why it is a national treasure. Doreen Martins, Toronto Star Sciences Sector, Natural Resources Newspaper. Scale: Varies, size: 660 mm Canada. Scale: 1:250,000, size: 1065 mm x Banff, Yoho and Kootenay National x 2545 mm, date published: August 2, 1120 mm, date published: July 1, 2009, lan- Parks of Canada. Michael Mitchell. 2008, language(s) of the legend: guage(s) of the legend: English and French. Scale: 1:185,000, size: 980 mm x English. This topographic map covers the 2010 1210 mm, date published: January 1, The map was originally published Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games 2009, language(s) of the legend: as a five part series of the Greater region, encompassing Vancouver, Victoria English and French. Toronto coast which stretches from and Whistler, in British Columbia. The map Hamilton to Clarington, Ontario. Icons is produced from various provincial, feder- are used to highlight the walking and al and U.S. digital topographic datasets, bike trails, facilities and activities that updated with SPOT imagery. The carto- run across the over 150 km stretch. graphic style is similar to the Canadian National Topographic System map series. Travel Maps The Cultural Mapping Project— Downtown Regina and Wascana Canadian Topographic Map—Port Horse Country. Steven Fick, Canadian Corridor. Christine Ramsay and Coquitlam. Yvan Désy, Topographic Geographic Enterprises. Scale: Kathleen Irwin, Christine Ramsay, Mapping Initiatives Program, Centre for 1:1,000,000, size: 120 mm x 130 mm, Kathleen Irwin (Arts Action Topographic Information, Mapping Date published: September 1, 2008, Inc./University of Regina) and Julia Information Branch, Earth Sciences language(s) of the legend: English. Siemer (University of Regina). Scale: Sector, Natural Resources Canada. Scale: The map illustrates an article Varies, size: 280 mm x 432 mm, date 1:50,000, size: 990 mm x 690 mm, date about a trip to the Big Bar Guest Ranch published: October 1, 2007, lan- published: June 1, 2009, language(s) of in the Caribou region of British guage(s) of the legend: English. the legend: English and French. Columbia. The map is designed to look The map represents the first stage Canadian Topographic Maps are like it is a piece of rawhide. The relief in mapping the entire City of Regina generated through a semi-automated map shading of this mountainous area is and provides an overview of profes- publishing process that limits human inter- made to look like it is part of the textu- sional cultural institutions, cultural vention to the final editing of the text pla- re of the leather, and the typography services and industries, and non-pro- cement (two hours). The source data reflects an older style of map labelling. fessional cultural organizations. This consists of a variety of provincial and map is instrumental in finding support federal datasets. Physical features have Ontario Travel Reference Map. Lan for strategic cultural development and been revised using Spot Imagery contribu- Joyce, ed., ITMB Publishing Ltd. Scale: in developing the city’s identity and ted by the Province of British Columbia. 1:1,000,000 (south) and 1:500,000 unique sense of place for all its citizens. (north), size: 990 mm x 686 mm, date Protected Heritage Places of Eastern published: January 1, 2009, language(s) Inuit Regions: 2006 Census Newfoundland. Tracy Harvey, Cynthia of the legend: English and French Subdivisions (CSDs) within Inuit Chute, Debra Calder, and Dawn Allen, Parks Canada is a huge country and Nunaat with an Inuit Identity Canada. Scale: 1:50,000, size: 990 mm x mapping it is exceedingly difficult due Population of 100 or more. Statistics 660 mm, date published: July 1, 2008, lan- to its size. Ontario is one of the largest Canada. Size: 431 mm x 279 mm, date guage(s) of the legend: English. of the ten Canadian provinces and the published: January 1, 2007, language(s) The map shows Eastern most populous, but geographically, of the legend: English and French Newfoundland’s protected heritage places. only the southern half of the province These maps were published for The layout provides visitors with the geo- has been habitated or developed. This the 2006 Census of Canada. They are graphy of the area and key information map shows the entire province on a available on the Statistics Canada that communicates the significance of the double-sided sheet. It involved carto- website (www.statcan.gc.ca). landscape and style of each place. It dis- graphers from Vietnam, Ontario, and plays community place names, roads, Vancouver. This map was a complex Topographic Maps hiking trails and location of public facili- undertaking. Combining the lakes and ties offered within the Park and Historic rivers with the dense network of roads Vancouver 2010 Olympic and sites. On one side, a 1!:50,000-scale topo- with different standards along with the Paralympic Winter Games Region. graphical map of Terra Nova National mass of towns and cities made this a Marc-Alain Poupart (JLC géoma- Park was designed with an elevation hill very demanding project.

Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011 GEOMATICA 111 Atlases some of the information contained in over a thirty year period. Over 55 Kitchener’s Geographic Information maps have been published including Kitchener Atlas. Leslie Sharpe, with System. It is intended to be used as a quick maps of each country. It was decided contributors Melanie Wawryk, Sean reference by office and field staff. to bring this information into a book Thirtle, Amy Schmidt, David van format and took two years to do so. Riel, Justin Thibert, Mike Elliott, Thirty different cartographers worked Nancy Steinfield under the guidance on this project. of Dianne Adams and Jeff Ham, The South America – Travel Atlas. Lan Joyce, Corporation of the City of Kitchener. ed., ITMB Publishing Ltd., Number of Number of pages: 138, size: 280 mm pages: 112, size: 145 mm x 215 mm, date x 430 mm, date published: April 22, published: January 1, 2008, language(s) of Newfoundland and Labrador Seabed 2009, language(s) of the text: English the text: English Atlas. Types: Digital Atlas, Type: The Kitchener Atlas is a book of ITMB has developed a comprehen- Primarily vector GIS but includes maps which summarizes and displays sive digital database of South America OGC Web Mapping. J

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112 GEOMATICA Vol. 65, No. 1, 2011