DOCSLIB.ORG

The Peninsula of Fear: Chronicle of Occupation and Violation of Human Rights in Crimea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Peninsula of Fear: Chronicle of Occupation and Violation of Human Rights in Crimea THE PENINSULA OF FEAR: CHRONICLE OF OCCUPATION AND VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN CRIMEA Kyiv 2016 УДК 341.223.1+342.7.03](477.75)’’2014/2016’’=111 ББК 67.9(4Укр-6Крм)412 Composite authors: Sergiy Zayets (Regional Center for Human Rights), Olexandra Matviychuk (Center for Civil Liberties), Tetiana Pechonchyk (Human Rights Information Center), Darya Svyrydova (Ukrainian Helsinki Human Rights Union), Olga Skrypnyk (Crimean Human Rights Group). The publication contains photographs from public sources, o7 cial websites of the state authorities of Ukraine, the Russian Federation and the occupation authorities, Crimean Field Mission for Human Rights, Crimean Human Rights Group, the online edition Crimea.Realities / Radio Svoboda and other media, court cases materials. ‘The Peninsula of Fear : Chronicle of Occupation and Violation of Human Rights in Crimea’ / Under the general editorship of O. Skrypnyk and T. Pechonchyk. Second edition, revised and corrected. – Kyiv: KBC, 2016. – 136 p. ISBN 978-966-2403-11-4 This publication presents a summary of factual documentation of international law violation emanating from the occupation of the autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine) by the Russian Federation military forces as well as of the human rights violations during February 2014 – February 2016. The publication is intended for the representatives of human rights organizations, civil activists, diplomatic missions, state authorities, as well as educational and research institutions. УДК 341.223.1+342.7.03](477.75)’’2014/2016’’=111 ББК 67.9(4Укр-6Крм)412 ISBN 978-966-2403-11-4 © S. Zayets, O. Matviychuk, T. Pechonchyk, D. Svyrydova, O. Skrypnyk, 2016 Contents Introduction. 5 Abbreviations . 6 PART 1. The Occupation of Crimea: Chronicle of Seizure . 7 PART 2. International Legal Aspect of the Occupation of ARC and the City of Sevastopol . 17 Overview of the Situation. 17. 2.1. International Legal Documents. 20 2.2. Regulatory Legal Acts of Ukraine . 24 2.3. Regulatory Legal Acts of the Authorities of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Self-Proclaimed Authorities of the Crimean Peninsula . 28 2.4. Regulatory Legal Acts of the Russian Federation . 30 2.5. International and national structures Regarding the Status of Human Rights in the Crimea . 32 PART 3. The Aftermaths of the Occupation: A Political Repressions System. 37 3.1. Characteristics of Repressions in Crimea . 37 3.2. The ‘Risk Groups’ in the Political Repressions System . 40 3.3. Prosecution of the Real or Alleged Supporters of the State Sovereignty of Ukraine . 43 3.4. Prosecution of Non-Violent Exercise of the Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion, Freedom of Expression and Information, Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and Association and Other Rights and Liberties . 45 3.5. Repressions Against the Crimean Tatar People as a Systemic Organized Opposition to the Occupation Regime. 48 3.6. Repressions Against any Forms of an Independent Civil Society . 51 3.7. Conclusions . 54 3 PART 4. A Year After: Main Violations of Human Rights in Crimea . 55 4.1. The First Victims of the Occupation. 55 4.2. Abductions and Tortures of Activists During the Occupation of Crimea . 58 Abducted persons, which were found. 59 Abductions and Disappearances of Individuals, whose Location is Currently Unknown . 65 4.3. Criminal Prosecutions for Political Reasons, Unlawful Arrests and Searches . 74 4.4. Forced Citizenship . 81 4.5. Violation of the Right to the Freedom of Movement. 85 4.6. Persecution of the Crimean Tatar Community. 89 4.7. Displacement of the Civilian Population . 91 4.8. Persecution of Dissidents . 94 4.9. Pressure on Media . 98 4.10. Bans on Rallies and Demonstrations . .109 4.11. Religion Under the Government’s Control. .121 4.12. Crimean Justice . .125 4.13. Victims of the ‘Russian Justice’ in Moscow . .132 4 Introduction rimea became a precedent in the modern world history. In the Cpost-war Europe, it is certainly a unique case when in a time of peace one state occupied and annexed a part of a territory of an- other state, thereby breaking all existing international and intergov- ernmental agreements. Despite the fact of occupation, the interna- tional community acknowledges only one legal status of Crimean peninsula: the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the City of Sev- astopol as parts of Ukraine. In deR ance of this, Russia established the control over this territory, thus leading to large-scale and sys- tematic violations of basic human rights. These actions of Russian authorities became a threat to peace and safety in the world, and led to establishment of occupation regime in Crimea. During the year of actual control of Russia over Crimea, the situation on human rights in the peninsula has been deteriorated so much that Valeriya Lutkovskaya, the Commissioner of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, called Crimea ‘a peninsula of fear’. Murders, tortures, kid- nappings, persecution of journalists, repressions against Crimean Tatar and Ukrainian activists, fabricated criminal cases, unlawful searches, restriction of religious freedom, forced citizenship, use of paramilitary formations, R ght against dissidents have become part of the everyday life of Crimeans. This publication based on facts and documents presents a chroni- cle of the occupation of Crimea, describes main human rights vio- lations, and sheds light on existing system of political repressions. It also contains a classiR ed collection of legal documents charac- terizing the juridical aspect of the occupation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the City of Sevastopol and implying the in- evitable responsibility of the Russian Federation for the occupation of Crimean peninsula. 5 Abbreviations ARC the Autonomous Republic of Crimea ODIHR O7 ce for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights AF the Armed Forces VR the Verkhovna Rada (Supreme Council) VR ARC the Verkhovna Rada (Supreme Council) of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea VRU the Verkhovna Rada (Supreme Council) of Ukraine SC RC the State Council of the Republic of Crimea UNGA the United Nations General Assembly ECHR the European Convention on Human Rights EU the European Union MIA the Ministry of Internal AT airs ICCPR the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights OSCE Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe UN the United Nations RF the Russian Federation CSCE Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe TRC Television and Radio Company CC the Criminal Code CPC the Criminal Procedure Code UOC KP Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Kyivan Patriarchate FL the Federal Law 6 The Occupation PART 1 of Crimea: Chronicle of Seizure1 1 he Russian Federation (RF) denied its military presence in TCrimea in the lead-up to the so-called ‘referendum’ of March 16, 2014. Only a year later did the Russian authorities acknowledge that Russian troops were operating in Crimea. The actions performed by Russia in Crimea are considered under international law as occupa- tion – the seizure of a territory or a part of a territory of one state by another state’s military forces. An occupation is generally a result of direct warfare between two states. However, in the case of Crimea, Pictured: ‘Little green men’ 1 This section has been prepared by Olga Skrypnyk, Crimea Human Rights Group 7 PART 1 THE OCCUPATION OF CRIMEA: CHRONICLE OF SEIZURE there was no open military conU ict, yet still a part of the territory of an independent Ukraine was occupied. The following chronicle of events conR rms these details. On February 23, 2014, at a rally on Nakhimov Square in Sevastopol, Crimea, busi- nessman Alexey Chaly was elected the ‘people’s mayor’ in direct violation of the law of Ukraine. On this day, the formation of so-called ‘self-defense’ forces (hereaf- ter, ‘Crimean self-defense’) was announced. During it’s R rst two weeks, the ‘Crimean self-defense’ acted jointly with Russian troops that were operating in military uni- forms but without insignias. It was these Russian troops who are called ‘little green men’. In 2015, Russian president Vladimir Putin, in a series of interviews and R lms about so-called ‘Crimean spring’, R nally admitted that the ‘little green men’ were in fact Russian military soldiers. The occupation of Crimea started in Sevastopol, which, according to a treaty be- tween Russia and Ukraine, served as the base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, a part of the Russian Navy and Russian Armed Forces. On February 25, two ‘Ural’ military vehicles with Russian license plates entered Yalta, 80 km from Sevastopol. The trucks with armed soldiers without insignia arrived at the Health Resort of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. The health resort director Vladimir Klemeshev admitted that they were Russian military. On February 26, a demonstration in support of Ukrainian sovereignty and the sta- tus of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was held in Simferopol, the administra- tive center of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (ARC). The demonstration was organized by the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people and was attended by several thousand Crimeans. The head of Mejlis, Refat Chubarov, addressed the speaker of Crimean parliament Vladimir Konstantinov with a request to adjourn the extraordi- nary session of the parliament of the ARC. Eventually the session was cancelled. At the same time, Russian nationalists organized a rally near the Crimean parliament demanding that Crimea join Russia. Their provocations led to clashes. On the same day, Russian Defense Minister General Sergey Shoygu said that the Rus- sian Defense Ministry would take measures to ensure the safety of the Black Sea Fleet in Crimea, which further led to an increase of Russian military presence in Crimea. Early in the morning on February 27, armed people without insignia seized the main administrative buildings of Simferopol – the Council of Ministers and the parlia- ment (Verkhovna Rada) of the ARC. The takeover of these buildings was conR rmed by Ukraine’s Minister of Internal AT airs Arsen Avakov.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Academia Militar
    ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 ACADEMIA MILITAR Análise da Intervenção Russa na Crimeia Autor: Aspirante de Cavalaria Tiago Filipe Simões Ramos Orientador: Professor Catedrático António José Telo Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Militares, na especialidade de Cavalaria Relatório Científico Final do Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada Lisboa, setembro de 2019 EPÍGRAFE “Submeter o inimigo sem combater é a excelência suprema.” Sun Tzu i DEDICATÓRIA À minha família. ii AGRADECIMENTOS Esta dissertação representa o culminar dos anos de trabalho, cujo produto não vem só do esforço individual, mas também do apoio de muitos outros, cuja menção é necessária para lhes dar o merecido mérito. Quero começar por agradecer à Academia Militar, instituição que me acolheu, sem a qual não estaria onde estou. Ao Curso Tenente General Bernardim Freire de Andrade, o meu curso de entrada, por todos os momentos partilhados, no “conhaque” e no “trabalho”, desde o início até ao fim da viagem. Ao curso Tenente General de Artilharia e Engenheiro Mor Luís Serrão Pimentel, por me ter acolhido a meio caminho e nunca me ter desenquadrado. Em ambos tenho amigos, sem os quais os longos anos tinham sido ainda mais longos. Ao meu diretor de curso, o Tenente-Coronel de Cavalaria Baltazar, pela dedicação, empenho e paciência na transmissão dos ensinamentos e pela integração no espírito da arma. Ao meu orientador, Professor Catedrático António Telo, cujos conhecimentos e orientação permitiram o desenvolvimento deste trabalho.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukraine: Multipurpose Cash
    Ukraine: Multipurpose Cash - Admin 4 Table - Partners with Ongoing/Planned/Completed Projects as of 12 May 2016 Completed Ongoing Planned Admin 2: Raion/ Admin 4: Settlements Oblast City Council City Council Cherkaska Cherkaska Cherkasy IOM Dniprodzerzhynska Dniprodzerzhynsk CU CRS Dnipropetrovska Dnipropetrovsk CU CRS Kryvorizka Kryvyi Rih CU CRS Dnipropetrovska Nikopolska Nikopol CU Pavlohradska Pavlohrad CU,PCPM CRS Pershotravenska Pershotravensk PCPM Artemivska Artemivsk CU CRS,PIN Artemivske PIN Bakhmutske PIN Berestove PIN Blahodatne PIN Bohdanivka PIN Dronivka PIN Hryhorivka PIN Kalinina PIN Kirove PIN Klishchiivka PIN Klynove PIN Kodema PIN Krasne PIN Krasnyi Pakhar PIN Kuzmynivka PIN Luhanske PIN Myronivka PIN Novohryhorivka PIN Novoluhanske PIN Artemivskiy Nykyforivka PIN Opytne PIN Paraskoviivka PIN Pereizne PIN Pokrovske PIN Pryvillia PIN Riznykivka PIN Semyhiria PIN Serebrianka PIN Siversk PIN Donetska Travneve PIN (part №1) Vasiukivka PIN Vasylivka PIN Verkhnokamianske PIN Vidrodzhennia PIN Volodymyrivka PIN Yakovlivka PIN Zaitseve PIN Zelenopillia PIN Zvanivka PIN Avdiivska Avdiivka PIN Bilytske PIN Dobropilska Bilozerske PIN Blahodat PIN Dobropillia PIN Hruzke PIN Krasnoiarske PIN Kryvorizhzhia PIN Kucheriv Yar PIN Novofedorivka PIN Novovodiane PIN Dobropilskyi Novyi Donbas PIN Oktiabrske PIN Rozy Liuksemburh PIN Sviatohorivka PIN Svitle PIN Vesele PIN Virivka PIN Zavydo-Kudasheve PIN Zolotyi Kolodiaz PIN Druzhkivska Druzhkivka CU,HAI HAI Dymytrivska Dymytrov HAI PIN HAI Dzerzhynska Dzerzhynsk HAI HAI Ukraine: Multipurpose
    [Show full text]
  • Constitution of Ukraine
    Constitution of Ukraine Preamble The Verkhovna Rada (the Parliament) of Ukraine on behalf of the Ukrainian people - Ukrainian citizens of all nationalities, expressing the sovereign will of the people, relying on the centuries-old history of Ukrainian state-building and upon the right to self- determination realised by the Ukrainian nation, all the Ukrainian people, aspiring to ensure human rights and freedoms, and life conditions worthy of human dignity, supporting the strengthening of civil harmony on the Ukrainian soil, striving to develop and strengthen a democratic, social, law-based state, realizing the responsibility in the eyes of God, before our own conscience, past, present and future generations, guided by the Act of Declaration of the Independence of Ukraine of 24 August 1991, approved by the national vote on 1 December 1991, adopts this Constitution as the Fundamental Law of Ukraine. Title I General Principles Article 1. Ukraine shall be a sovereign and independent, democratic, social, law-based state. Article 2. The sovereignty of Ukraine shall extend throughout its entire territory. Ukraine shall be a unitary state. The territory of Ukraine within its present borders shall be indivisible and inviolable. Article 3. An individual, his life and health, honour and dignity, inviolability and security shall be recognised in Ukraine as the highest social value. Human rights and freedoms, and guarantees thereof shall determine the essence and course of activities of the State. The State shall be responsible to the individual for its activities. Affirming and ensuring human rights and freedoms shall be the main duty of the State. Article 4. There shall be a single form of citizenship in Ukraine.
    [Show full text]
  • En En Motion for a Resolution
    European Parliament 2014-2019 Plenary sitting B8-0552/2017 3.10.2017 MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law pursuant to Rule 135 of the Rules of Procedure on the cases of Crimean Tatar leaders Akhtem Chiygoz and Ilmi Umerov and journalist Mykola Semena (2017/2869(RSP)) Elena Valenciano, Victor Boştinaru, Soraya Post, Tibor Szanyi on behalf of the S&D Group RE\P8_B(2017)0552_EN.docx PE611.478v01-00 EN United in diversity EN B8-0552/2017 European Parliament resolution on the cases of Crimean Tatar leaders Akhtem Chiygoz and Ilmi Umerov and journalist Mykola Semena (2017/2869(RSP)) The European Parliament, - having regard to its previous resolutions on Ukraine and Russia, and especially those of 4 February 2016 on the human rights situation in Crimea, in particular of the Crimean Tatars, of 12 May 2016 on the Crimean Tatars, as well as of 16 March 2017 on the Ukrainian prisoners in Russia and the situation in Crimea, - having regard to the United Nations General Assembly resolution 68/262 on the territorial integrity of Ukraine of 27 March 2014, affirming the commitment of the International community to the sovereignty, political independence, unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders, and to the United Nations General Assembly resolution 71/205 on the “Situation of human rights in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine)” of 19 December 2016, recognising the
    [Show full text]
  • Investigative Reporting
    Organization Cat Code Category Name Award Circ Group(s) Credits Entry Title Alexandria Times A05 Fashion and Personal Care First Place Non-Daily Group 4 Lyvian Sieg Bellies and Babies Alexandria Times A06 Food and Drug First Place Non-Daily Group 4 Lyvian Sieg Mount Purrnon Alexandria Times A10 Multiple Advertisers and Themed Pages First Place Non-Daily Group 4 Lyvian Sieg Village Hardware Grad Ad Alexandria Times A12 Professional Services (medical and healthcare-related only) First Place Non-Daily Group 4 Lyvian Sieg Cosmetic Hearing Alexandria Times A14 Small Space Ads First Place Non-Daily Group 4 Lyvian Sieg Winter Bellies and Babies Alexandria Times M01 Combination Picture and Story First Place Non-Daily Group 4 Lyvian Sieg, Denise Dunbar, Olivia Doran, Margaret Stevens, Cody Mello-Klein His long awaited day in the sun Alexandria Times M07 Specialty Pages or Sections First Place Non-Daily Group 4 Lyvian Sieg, Missy Schrott, Olivia Tucker, Stephanie Marrs, Elizabeth Holm Port City Flavor 2020 Amherst New Era-Progress D03 Slideshow or Gallery First Place Non-Daily Group 1 Lee Luther Jr. IRON Lives 5k race in Amherst Amherst New Era-Progress D04 Video First Place Non-Daily Group 1 Justin Faulconer A dramatic outdoor return Amherst New Era-Progress M03 General Make-Up First Place Non-Daily Group 1 Staff May 7, May 21, July 30 Amherst New Era-Progress P05 Pictorial Photo First Place Non-Daily Group 1 Lee Luther Jr. Candy Amherst New Era-Progress P08 Sports News Photo First Place Non-Daily Group 1 Lee Luther Jr. Fast Amherst New Era-Progress
    [Show full text]
  • ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEWS UKRAINE Second Review
    ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Committee on Environmental Policy ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEWS UKRAINE Second Review UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2007 Environmental Performance Reviews Series No. 24 NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ECE/CEP/133 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. 07.II.E.6 ISBN 978-92-1-116958-4 ISSN 1020-4563 iii Foreword Environmental Performance Reviews (EPRs) for countries in transition were initiated by Environment Ministers at the second “Environment for Europe” Conference in Lucerne, Switzerland in 1993. As a result, the UNECE Committee on Environmental Policy decided to make the EPRs a part of its regular programme. Ten years later, at the fifth Ministerial Conference “Environment for Europe” (Kiev, 2003), the Ministers confirmed that the UNECE programme of EPRs had made it possible to assess the effectiveness of the efforts of countries with economies in transition to manage their environment. The Programme has addressed tailor-made recommendations to the Governments concerned on improving environmental management to reduce their pollution load, to better integrate environmental policies into sectoral policies and to strengthen cooperation with the international community. The Ministers also reaffirmed their support for the EPR programme as an important instrument for countries with economies in transition, and they decided that the programme should proceed with a second cycle of reviews.
    [Show full text]
  • City of Republican Significance. Number of Residents, Thousand People: 379.5 Total Area, Sq
    CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CITY STATUS: CITY OF REPUBLICAN SIGNIFICANCE. NUMBER OF RESIDENTS, THOUSAND PEOPLE: 379.5 TOTAL AREA, SQ. KM: 1079.6; (by land: 863.5 sq. km) DENSITY OF POPULATION (persons per 1 sq. km): 439 TOTAL NUMBER OF SETTLEMENTS: 29 The city of Sevastopol is an administrative and territorial unit of Ukraine with a special status, which includes four districts (Leninskyy, Nakhimoskyy, Balaklavskyy, and Gagarinskyy), city of Inkerman (city of district significance), and 29 villages and settlements. Sevastopol is one of the biggest non-freezing commercial and fishing seaports. It is an industrial, scientific, technical, recreational, cultural and historical center in the south of Ukraine. The city is situated in the south-western part of the Crimean peninsula on the same latitude as the Italian city of Milan and the French city of Lion. The distance from Sevastopol to Kyiv is 1,050 km, 1,500 km to Moscow, 85 km to Yalta, 490 km to Istanbul, 1,700 km to Rome, 2,100 to Marseille, 2,400 km to Paris, and 2,800 km to London. The Sevastopol region borders with the Bakhchysaray rayon in the north-east and with the Greater Yalta in the south-east. The region is washed by the warm waters of the Black Sea in the west and south. The total land area of the Sevastopol region constitutes 863.5 sq. km, of which 12% are inhabited, 29% are occupied by agricultiural lands, 41% are occupied by forests and noubtains, 25% are represented by the industrial and residential districts, and 6% (57 sq.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukraine in Its Modern History, Has Experienced Two Historical Moments of Global Compromise
    The 1996 Constitution of Ukraine: A reflection of the values of the political elite. Ukraine in its modern history, has experienced two historical moments of global compromise. The first was the Declaration of Independence, when most Communists voted for the national ideals that we promoted, and the second was the adoption of the Constitution Ukrainian Parliamentary deputy (Interview #8) To Tato & Moko without whom my time in Cambridge would not have been The Illusion is not shattered Like a child it has grown. In a maturing reality, It became unrecognizable But it remains good. Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 Theoretical Framework ...................................................................................... 3 Values 4 Political Culture 6 Plan of the Dissertation 8 Methods ............................................................................................................... 9 The Interview Sample 10 Overall Approach 13 Coding 14 A Note on Presentation 15 Historical Overview of the Constitutional Drafting Process ........................... 17 Early Drafts 17 The 1994 Elections 18 The June 1995 Constitutional Agreement 21 The Syrota Committee 21 Final Stages 24 Nationality ........................................................................................................ 28 Clash of Symbols and Myths 28 Language 35 Citizenship and Nationality 38 An Imperfectly Unified Elite 42 Political Culture and Institutional
    [Show full text]
  • Crimea One Year After Russian Annexation
    POLICY BRIEF 24 March 2015 Crimea one year after Russian annexation Amanda Paul On 18 March 2014, the Lower House of the Russian Parliament approved a Treaty to annex the Ukrainian Black Sea Peninsula of Crimea by 443 to 1 votes. This act violated Ukraine's sovereignty, representing a fundamental breach of international law; the Helsinki Final Act of 1975 and the terms of the 1994 Budapest Memorandum, whereby the nuclear arsenal stationed on Ukraine's territory after the collapse of the Soviet Union was relinquished in exchange for security assurances of its sovereign territorial integrity. Russia, the US, France and the UK all signed. The annexation also violated a number of bilateral agreements between Ukraine and Russia. Russia's actions were immediately condemned by the international community. A 13 March European Parliament Resolution "firmly condemns Russia's act of aggression in invading Crimea, which is an inseparable part of Ukraine and recognised as such by the Russian Federation". One year later the situation in Crimea is bleak. The massive disruption of economic relations between Crimea and the rest of Ukraine, the nationalisation and confiscation of companies and a decrease in the agricultural and tourism sectors, along with international sanctions and isolation have brought about an increasingly difficult economic situation. Furthermore, there has been a worrying rise in extremism, xenophobia, and violations against human rights and fundamental freedoms. One of the most disturbing outcomes has been the persecution of persons belonging to minorities, in particular the Crimean ethnic Tatar community. While war in Eastern Ukraine has drawn the world's attention away from Crimea, the plight of the people in an increasingly lawless Crimea should not be forgotten.
    [Show full text]
  • International Crimes in Crimea
    International Crimes in Crimea: An Assessment of Two and a Half Years of Russian Occupation SEPTEMBER 2016 Contents I. Introduction 6 A. Executive summary 6 B. The authors 7 C. Sources of information and methodology of documentation 7 II. Factual Background 8 A. A brief history of the Crimean Peninsula 8 B. Euromaidan 12 C. The invasion of Crimea 15 D. Two and a half years of occupation and the war in Donbas 23 III. Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court 27 IV. Contextual elements of international crimes 28 A. War crimes 28 B. Crimes against humanity 34 V. Willful killing, murder and enforced disappearances 38 A. Overview 38 B. The law 38 C. Summary of the evidence 39 D. Documented cases 41 E. Analysis 45 F. Conclusion 45 VI. Torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 46 A. Overview 46 B. The law 46 C. Summary of the evidence 47 D. Documented cases of torture and other forms of inhuman treatment 50 E. Analysis 59 F. Conclusion 59 VII. Illegal detention 60 A. Overview 60 B. The law 60 C. Summary of the evidence 62 D. Documented cases of illegal detention 66 E. Analysis 87 F. Conclusion 87 VIII. Forced displacement 88 A. Overview 88 B. The law 88 C. Summary of evidence 90 D. Analysis 93 E. Conclusion 93 IX. Crimes against public, private and cultural property 94 A. Overview 94 B. The law 94 C. Summary of evidence 96 D. Documented cases 99 E. Analysis 110 F. Conclusion 110 X. Persecution and collective punishment 111 A. Overview 111 B.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Lands of the Romanovs: an Annotated Bibliography of First-Hand English-Language Accounts of the Russian Empire
    ANTHONY CROSS In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of The Russian Empire (1613-1917) OpenBook Publishers To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/268 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917) Anthony Cross http://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2014 Anthony Cross The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the text; to adapt it and to make commercial use of it providing that attribution is made to the author (but not in any way that suggests that he endorses you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Cross, Anthony, In the Land of the Romanovs: An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917), Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/ OBP.0042 Please see the list of illustrations for attribution relating to individual images. Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omissions or errors will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher. As for the rights of the images from Wikimedia Commons, please refer to the Wikimedia website (for each image, the link to the relevant page can be found in the list of illustrations).
    [Show full text]
  • Testimonies and Transcripts of World War II Jewish Veterans
    http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection Testimonies and Transcripts of World War II Jewish Veterans RG-31.061 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW Washington, DC 20024-2126 Tel. (202) 479-9717 Email: [email protected] Descriptive Summary Title: Testimonies and transcripts of World War II Jewish veterans RG Number: RG-31.061 Accession Number: 2007.277 Creator: Instytut ︠iu︡ daı̈ky Extent: 1000 pages of photocopies Repository: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives, 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW, Washington, DC 20024-2126 Languages: Russian Administrative Information Access: No restriction on access. Reproduction and Use: Publication by a third party requires a formal approval of the Judaica Institute in Kiev, Ukraine. Publication requires a mandatory citation of the original source. Preferred Citation: [file name/number], [reel number], RG-31.061, Testimonies and transcripts of World War II Jewish veterans, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives, Washington, DC. Acquisition Information: Purchased from the Instytut ︠iu︡ daı̈ky (Judaica Institute), Kiev, Ukraine. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives received the photocopied collection via the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum International Archives Program beginning in Sep. 2007. 1 https://collections.ushmm.org http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection Custodial History Existence and location of originals: The original records are held by the Instytut ︠iu︡ daı̈ky, Belorusskaya 34-21, Kyiv, Ukraine 04119. Tel. 011 380 44 248 8917. More information about this repository can be found at www.judaica.kiev.ua. Processing History: Aleksandra B.
    [Show full text]