Deleon Udel 0060D 12

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Deleon Udel 0060D 12 LAKOTA EXPERIENCES OF SECURITY: SELF AND THE SOCIAL by Justin de Leon A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science and International Relations Summer 2016 © 2016 Justin de Leon All Rights Reserved LAKOTA EXPERIENCES OF SECURITY: SELF AND THE SOCIAL by Justin de Leon Approved: __________________________________________________________ Paul R. Brewer, Ph.D. Interim Chair of the Department of Political Science and International Relations Approved: __________________________________________________________ George H. Watson, Ph.D. Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences Approved: __________________________________________________________ Ann L. Ardis, Ph.D. Senior Vice Provost for Graduate and Professional Education I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Daniel M. Green, Ph.D. Co-Professor in charge of dissertation I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Jennifer K. Lobasz, Ph.D. Co-Professor in charge of dissertation I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Elaine R. Salo, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ David MacDonald, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am extremely grateful to the members of my doctoral examination committee, many of whom had their own busy schedule and personal challenges throughout my writing process. A sincere thank you to my advisor Jennifer K. Lobasz; my chair, Daniel Green; and to committee members Elaine Salo and David MacDonald. I wish to thank those on the Lakota reservation who opened up their hearts and their homes to me for multiple years. This includes the Tribal Council who gave me their consent to conduct research within the reservation. It goes without saying that without their trust and assistance none of this could have been created. Thank you to the continual support of my partner Niki de Leon who helped me stay focus and grounded through this process. There are also many others who assisted me in the writing of this dissertation including Patrick Thaddeus Jackson, Brooke Ackerly, and Claire Rasmussen who gave me meaningful feedback while still at the proposal stages; Margaret Stetz and Pacha Bueno-Hansen who acted as important allies throughout my graduate and writing process; Sheryl Lightfoot who took the time to provide feedback and professional guidance; Tim Pachirat for showing me that an American intervention should be concerned with phenomena within American borders; Thu-Huong Nguyen- iv Vo who helped me think of corporal regimes as a means of understanding experiences on the reservation; Sahar Sattarzadeh, Nikos Vasilakis, Frank Gonzalez, Amanda Holmes, Catherine Fox, and Liam Cunningham who all assisted me with making sense of various theoretical challenges; Samantha Kelley and Brett Remkus who assisted at various points with additional citations and formatting; and to Lynn Corbett for keeping me on track and always being a supportive figure. v To those on the reservation who are working day by day to bring light into the world. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................... xiii ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ xiv Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 1 Field Note: Those who have a foundation have security ................................... 1 Section 1: Introduction ..................................................................................... 10 Lived experiences ....................................................................................... 10 Why focus on Native Americans and Indigenous peoples? ....................... 11 Fieldwork and methodology overview ....................................................... 16 Normative and positive language ............................................................... 18 Going Native and strong objectivity ........................................................... 20 Section 2: Lakota Lived Experiences of Security ............................................ 22 Historical context ........................................................................................ 22 Contemporary findings ............................................................................... 25 Spiritual metaphor of the Lakota hoop broken ........................................... 27 Reestablishing the hoop through self-affirmative cultural practices .......... 28 Engaging the past ....................................................................................... 30 Section 3: Lacanian Conceptualization of Self and Social ............................... 32 Science of the Subject ................................................................................ 33 Surveillance and confinement as the look of the subject ........................... 37 Phenomenology .......................................................................................... 40 A framework for understanding Lakota security ........................................ 44 Lacan for an Indigenous context ................................................................ 45 Foregrounding Lakota experiences and worldviews .................................. 52 Section 4: Structure of the Dissertation ............................................................ 53 ENDNOTES ..................................................................................................... 56 vii 2 STATE OF THE DISCIPLINE ........................................................................ 62 Section 1: Critical Security Studies and Ontological Security ......................... 63 Critical Security Studies and the Copenhagen School ............................... 63 Ontological security .................................................................................... 68 Section 2: The Benefits of Interdisciplinarity: IR and NAS ............................. 70 Engaging Indigenous experiences in IR ..................................................... 71 Section 3: Contributions to International Relations ......................................... 75 Lacan, IR, and security — Jenny Edkins ................................................... 75 Cosmology, IR, and security – J. Marshall Beier ....................................... 78 Section 4: Contributions to Native American Studies ...................................... 81 Politics of recognition, Indigenous politics, and IR – Glen Coulthard ...... 82 Engaging the phenomenal order, resilience, and rebuilding – Don Fixico 85 Section 5: Concluding Thoughts ...................................................................... 86 ENDNOTES ..................................................................................................... 87 3 METHODOLOGY AND ANALYTIC STRATEGIES ................................... 88 Section 1: My Place in the Academic Project .................................................. 89 Who I am .................................................................................................... 89 Getting told off ........................................................................................... 90 My brownness ............................................................................................ 91 Separating identities: station and person .................................................... 93 Who do I come from? ................................................................................. 95 Asian in America ........................................................................................ 97 Role of gender ............................................................................................ 99 Indigenous of North America and the Bahá’í faith .................................. 101 Section 2: Philosophical Foundations ............................................................ 102 Ontology: Interpretivism/reflexivism ....................................................... 102 Abductive reasoning ................................................................................. 105 Section 3: Methodological Considerations and Theoretical Perspectives ...... 106 viii Constructivism .......................................................................................... 107 Feminist methodology .............................................................................. 107 Data collected at margins ........................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Genetic Diversity of Four Filipino Negrito Populations From
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Commons@Wayne State University Human Biology Volume 85 Issue 1 Special Issue on Revisiting the "Negrito" Article 9 Hypothesis 2013 Genetic Diversity of Four Filipino Negrito Populations from Luzon: Comparison of Male and Female Effective Population Sizes and Differential Integration of Immigrants into Aeta and Agta Communities E Heyer EcoAnthropologie et Ethnobiologie, MNHN, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France, [email protected] M Georges EcoAnthropologie et Ethnobiologie, MNHN, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France M Pachner Andaman and Nicobar Association, Liestal, Switzerland P Endicott EcoAnthropologie et Ethnobiologie, MNHN, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons, and the Genetics and Genomics Commons Recommended Citation Heyer, E; Georges, M; Pachner, M; and Endicott, P (2013) "Genetic Diversity of Four Filipino Negrito Populations from Luzon: Comparison of Male and Female Effective Population Sizes and Differential Integration of Immigrants into Aeta and Agta Communities," Human Biology: Vol. 85: Iss. 1, Article 9. Available at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol85/iss1/9 Genetic Diversity of Four Filipino Negrito Populations from Luzon: Comparison of Male and Female Effective Population Sizes and Differential Integration of Immigrants into Aeta and Agta Communities Abstract Genetic data corresponding to four negrito populations (two Aeta and two Agta; n = 120) from the Luzon region of the Philippines have been analyzed. These data comprise mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hypervariable segment 1 haplotypes and haplogroups, Y-chromosome haplogroups and short tandem repeats (STRs), autosomal STRs, and X-chromosome STRs.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume Xxiii
    ANTHROPOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY VOLUME XXIII NEW YORK PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES 1925 Editor CLARK WISSLER FOREWORD Louis ROBERT SULLIVAN Since this volume is largely the work of the late Louis Robert Sulli- van, a biographical sketch of this able anthropologist, will seem a fitting foreword. Louis Robert Sullivan was born at Houlton, Maine, May 21, 1892. He was educated in the public schools of Houlton and was graduated from Bates College, Lewiston, Maine, in 1914. During the following academic year he taught in a high school and on November 24, 1915, he married Bessie Pearl Pathers of Lewiston, Maine. He entered Brown University as a graduate student and was assistant in zoology under Professor H. E. Walters, and in 1916 received the degree of master of arts. From Brown University Mr. Sullivan came to the American Mu- seum of Natural History, as assistant in physical anthropology, and during the first years of his connection with the Museum he laid the foundations for his future work in human biology, by training in general anatomy with Doctor William K. Gregory and Professor George S. Huntington and in general anthropology with Professor Franz Boas. From the very beginning, he showed an aptitude for research and he had not been long at the Museum ere he had published several important papers. These activities were interrupted by our entrance into the World War. Mr. Sullivan was appointed a First Lieutenant in the Section of Anthropology, Surgeon-General's Office in 1918, and while on duty at headquarters asisted in the compilation of the reports on Defects found in Drafted Men and Army Anthropology.
    [Show full text]
  • Performing Blackness in the Danza De Caporales
    Roper, Danielle. 2019. Blackface at the Andean Fiesta: Performing Blackness in the Danza de Caporales. Latin American Research Review 54(2), pp. 381–397. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25222/larr.300 OTHER ARTS AND HUMANITIES Blackface at the Andean Fiesta: Performing Blackness in the Danza de Caporales Danielle Roper University of Chicago, US [email protected] This study assesses the deployment of blackface in a performance of the Danza de Caporales at La Fiesta de la Virgen de la Candelaria in Puno, Peru, by the performance troupe Sambos Illimani con Sentimiento y Devoción. Since blackface is so widely associated with the nineteenth- century US blackface minstrel tradition, this article develops the concept of “hemispheric blackface” to expand common understandings of the form. It historicizes Sambos’ deployment of blackface within an Andean performance tradition known as the Tundique, and then traces the way multiple hemispheric performance traditions can converge in a single blackface act. It underscores the amorphous nature of blackface itself and critically assesses its role in producing anti-blackness in the performance. Este ensayo analiza el uso de “blackface” (literalmente, cara negra: término que designa el uso de maquillaje negro cubriendo un rostro de piel más pálida) en la Danza de Caporales puesta en escena por el grupo Sambos Illimani con Sentimiento y Devoción que tuvo lugar en la fiesta de la Virgen de la Candelaria en Puno, Perú. Ya que el “blackface” es frecuentemente asociado a una tradición estadounidense del siglo XIX, este artículo desarrolla el concepto de “hemispheric blackface” (cara-negra hemisférica) para dar cuenta de elementos comunes en este género escénico.
    [Show full text]
  • 036-Bengtsson-Finlan
    Unequal poverty and equal industrialization: Finnish wealth, 1750–1900 Erik Bengtsson., Anna Missiaia, Ilkka Nummela and Mats Olsson For presentation at the First WID.world Conference, Paris, 14-15 December 2017 Preliminary! All comments welcome 9 918 words, 10 tables, 3 figures Abstract This paper presents for the first time estimates of wealth and its distribution for Finland from 1750 to 1900. Finland is a highly interesting case for historical inequality studies, as a poor and backward European country which embarked on industrialization only in the late nineteenth century. This gives us the opportunity to re-consider common theories and arguments about the relationships between economic growth and inequality. Using wealth data from probate inventories, we show that Finland was very unequal between 1750 and 1850, with the top decile owning about 85 per cent of total wealth. This means that Finland was more unequal than much more advanced economies such as Britain, France and the US, which goes against the common assumption of poorer economies being more equal. It was also more unequal than its most immediate term of comparison, Sweden. Moreover, when industrialization took off in Finland and contra the commonplace assumption of industrialization increasing inequality (see the Kuznets Curve and its later developments), inequality started a downward trajectory where the share of the top decile decreased from 87 per cent in 1850 to 77 per cent in 1900, 71 per cent in 1910 and 64 per cent in 1920. We show that the high inequality from 1750 to 1850 is driven from the bottom, by a large share of the population owning nothing or close to nothing of value, while economic development after 1850 is pro-equality since the ownership of forests, since long in the hands of the peasantry, provided new export opportunities as pulp and paper became very valuable.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropology and GIS: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of the Philippine Negrito Groups Sabino G
    Human Biology Volume 85 Issue 1 Special Issue on Revisiting the "Negrito" Article 10 Hypothesis 2013 Anthropology and GIS: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of the Philippine Negrito Groups Sabino G. Padilla Jr Department of Behavioral Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines, Manila Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Padilla, Sabino G. Jr (2013) "Anthropology and GIS: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of the Philippine Negrito Groups," Human Biology: Vol. 85: Iss. 1, Article 10. Available at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol85/iss1/10 Anthropology and GIS: Temporal and Spatial Distribution of the Philippine Negrito Groups Abstract The hiP lippine "negrito" groups comprise a diverse group of populations speaking over 30 different languages, who are spread all over the archipelago, mostly in marginal areas of Luzon Island in the north, the central Visayas islands, and Mindanao in the south. They exhibit physical characteristics that are different from more than 100 Philippine ethnolinguistic groups that are categorized as non-negritos. Given their numbers, it is not surprising that Philippine negritos make up a major category in a number of general ethnographic maps produced since the nineteenth century. Reports from various ethnological surveys during this period, however, have further enriched our understanding regarding the extent and distribution of negrito populations. Using the data contained in these reports, it is possible to plot and create a map showing the historical locations and distribution of negrito groups. Using geographic information systems (GIS), the location and distribution of negrito groups at any given time can be overlaid on historical or current maps.
    [Show full text]
  • Major Human Races in the World (Classification of Human Races ) Dr
    GEOG- CC-13 M.A. Semester III ©Dr. Supriya e-text Paper-CC12 (U-III) Human and Social Geography Major Human races in The World (Classification of Human Races ) Dr. Supriya Assistant Professor (Guest) Ph. D: Geography; M.A. in Geography Post Doc. Fellow (ICSSR), UGC- NET-JRF Department of Geography Patna University, Patna Mob: 9006640841 Email: [email protected] Content Writer & Affiliation Dr Supriya, Asst. Professor (Guest), Patna University Subject Name Geography Paper Code CC-12 Paper Name Human and Social Geography Title of Topic Classification of Human Races Objectives To understand the concept of race and Examined the different views about classification of human races in the World Keywords Races, Caucasoid, Mongoloid, Negroid GEOG- CC-13 M.A. Semester III ©Dr. Supriya Classification of Human Races Dr. Supriya Concept of Race: A Race may be defined as division of mankind into classes of individuals possessing common physical characteristics, traits, appearance that is transmissible by descents & sufficient to characterize it as a distinct human type. Race is a biological grouping within human species distinguished or classified according to genetically transmitted differences. Anthropologists define race as a principal division of mankind, marked by physical characteristics that breed. According to Vidal de la Blache: “A race is great divisions of mankind, the members of which though individually vary, are characterized as a group by certain body characteristics as a group by certain body characteristics which are transmitted by nature & retained from one generation to another”. Race is a biological concept. The term race should not be used in connection with those grouping of mankind such as nation, religion, community & language which depends on feelings, ideas or habits of people and can be changes by the conscious wishes of the individual.
    [Show full text]
  • Race and Ethnicity in the Era of the Philippine-American War, 1898-1914
    Allegiance and Identity: Race and Ethnicity in the Era of the Philippine-American War, 1898-1914 by M. Carmella Cadusale Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the History Program YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIVERSITY August, 2016 Allegiance and Identity: Race and Ethnicity in the Era of the Philippine-American War, 1898-1914 M. Carmella Cadusale I hereby release this thesis to the public. I understand that this thesis will be made available from the OhioLINK ETD Center and the Maag Library Circulation Desk for public access. I also authorize the University or other individuals to make copies of this thesis as needed for scholarly research. Signature: M. Carmella Cadusale, Student Date Approvals: Dr. L. Diane Barnes, Thesis Advisor Date Dr. David Simonelli, Committee Member Date Dr. Helene Sinnreich, Committee Member Date Dr. Salvatore A. Sanders, Dean of Graduate Studies Date ABSTRACT Filipino culture was founded through the amalgamation of many ethnic and cultural influences, such as centuries of Spanish colonization and the immigration of surrounding Asiatic groups as well as the long nineteenth century’s Race of Nations. However, the events of 1898 to 1914 brought a sense of national unity throughout the seven thousand islands that made the Philippine archipelago. The Philippine-American War followed by United States occupation, with the massive domestic support on the ideals of Manifest Destiny, introduced the notion of distinct racial ethnicities and cemented the birth of one national Philippine identity. The exploration on the Philippine American War and United States occupation resulted in distinguishing the three different analyses of identity each influenced by events from 1898 to 1914: 1) The identity of Filipinos through the eyes of U.S., an orientalist study of the “us” versus “them” heavily influenced by U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Unconventional Linguistic Clues to the Negrito Past Robert Blust University of Hawai‘I, Honolulu, Hawai‘I, [email protected]
    Human Biology Volume 85 Issue 1 Special Issue on Revisiting the "Negrito" Article 18 Hypothesis 2013 Terror from the Sky: Unconventional Linguistic Clues to the Negrito Past Robert Blust University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol Part of the Anthropological Linguistics and Sociolinguistics Commons, and the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Blust, Robert (2013) "Terror from the Sky: Unconventional Linguistic Clues to the Negrito Past," Human Biology: Vol. 85: Iss. 1, Article 18. Available at: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol85/iss1/18 Terror from the Sky: Unconventional Linguistic Clues to the Negrito Past Abstract Within recorded history. most Southeast Asian peoples have been of "southern Mongoloid" physical type, whether they speak Austroasiatic, Tibeto-Burman, Austronesian, Tai-Kadai, or Hmong-Mien languages. However, population distributions suggest that this is a post-Pleistocene phenomenon and that for tens of millennia before the last glaciation ended Greater Mainland Southeast Asia, which included the currently insular world that rests on the Sunda Shelf, was peopled by short, dark-skinned, frizzy-haired foragers whose descendants in the Philippines came to be labeled by the sixteenth-century Spanish colonizers as "negritos," a term that has since been extended to similar groups throughout the region. There are three areas in which these populations survived into the present so as to become part of written history: the Philippines, the Malay Peninsula, and the Andaman Islands. All Philippine negritos speak Austronesian languages, and all Malayan negritos speak languages in the nuclear Mon-Khmer branch of Austroasiatic, but the linguistic situation in the Andamans is a world apart.
    [Show full text]
  • Ati, the Indigenous People of Panay: Their Journey, Ancestral Birthright and Loss
    Hollins University Hollins Digital Commons Dance MFA Student Scholarship Dance 5-2020 Ati, the Indigenous People of Panay: Their Journey, Ancestral Birthright and Loss Annielille Gavino Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.hollins.edu/dancemfastudents Part of the South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons HOLLINS UNIVERSITY MASTER OF FINE ARTS DANCE Ati, the Indigenous People of Panay: Their Journey, Ancestral Birthright and Loss Monday, May 7, 2020 Annielille Gavino Low Residency Track- Two Summer ABSTRACT: This research investigates the Ati people, the indigenous people of Panay Island, Philippines— their origins, current economic status, ancestral rights, development issues, and challenges. This particular inquiry draws attention to the history of the Ati people ( also known as Aetas, Aytas, Agtas, Batak, Mamanwa ) as the first settlers of the islands. In contrast to this, a festive reenactment portraying Ati people dancing in the tourism sponsored Dinagyang and Ati-Atihan festival will be explored. This paper aims to compare the displacement of the Ati as marginalized minorities in contrast to how they are celebrated and portrayed in the dance festivals. Methodology My own field research was conducted through interviews of three Ati communities of Panay, two Dinagyang Festival choreographers, and a discussion with cultural anthropologist, Dr. Alicia P. Magos, and a visit to the Museo de Iloilo. Further data was conducted through scholarly research, newspaper readings, articles, and video documentaries. Due to limited findings on the Ati, I also searched under the blanket term, Negrito ( term used during colonial to post colonial times to describe Ati, Aeta, Agta, Ayta,Batak, Mamanwa ) and the Austronesians and Austo-Melanesians ( genetic ancestor of the Negrito indigenous group ).
    [Show full text]
  • Finnish Nationalism
    State and Revolution in Finland Historical Materialism Book Series Editorial Board Sébastien Budgen (Paris) David Broder (Rome) Steve Edwards (London) Juan Grigera (London) Marcel van der Linden (Amsterdam) Peter Thomas (London) volume 174 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/hm State and Revolution in Finland By Risto Alapuro LEIDEN | BOSTON This title is published in Open Access with the support of the University of Helsinki Library. This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. First edition of State and Revolution in Finland was published in 1988 by University of California Press. The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available online at http://catalog.loc.gov LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2018043939 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill‑typeface. ISSN 1570-1522 ISBN 978-90-04-32336-0 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-38617-4 (e-book) Copyright 2019 by the Authors. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
    [Show full text]
  • The Indigenous World 2014
    IWGIA THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 This yearbook contains a comprehensive update on the cur- rent situation of indigenous peoples and their human rights, THE INDIGENOUS WORLD and provides an overview of the most important developments in international and regional processes during 2013. In 73 articles, indigenous and non-indigenous scholars and activists provide their insight and knowledge to the book with country reports covering most of the indigenous world, and updated information on international and regional processes relating to indigenous peoples. The Indigenous World 2014 is an essential source of informa- tion and indispensable tool for those who need to be informed THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 about the most recent issues and developments that have impacted on indigenous peoples worldwide. 2014 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS 3 THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 Copenhagen 2014 THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 Compilation and editing: Cæcilie Mikkelsen Regional editors: Arctic & North America: Kathrin Wessendorf Mexico, Central and South America: Alejandro Parellada Australia and the Pacific: Cæcilie Mikkelsen Asia: Christian Erni and Christina Nilsson The Middle East: Diana Vinding and Cæcilie Mikkelsen Africa: Marianne Wiben Jensen and Geneviève Rose International Processes: Lola García-Alix and Kathrin Wessendorf Cover and typesetting: Jorge Monrás Maps: Jorge Monrás English translation: Elaine Bolton Proof reading: Elaine Bolton Prepress and Print: Eks-Skolens Trykkeri, Copenhagen, Denmark © The authors and The International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA), 2014 - All Rights Reserved HURRIDOCS CIP DATA The reproduction and distribution of information contained Title: The Indigenous World 2014 in The Indigenous World is welcome as long as the source Edited by: Cæcilie Mikkelsen is cited.
    [Show full text]
  • Racial Groups of India
    Racial Groups of India India is a melting pot of races. It is an ethnological museum. The ancestors of the majority of present population have migrated to India from surrounding territories across the Himalayas. Indian population is constituted of major races of the world. We find people of different races in India. The present population of the Indian subcontinent can be divided into five racial groups- the Negritos, Western Brachycephals, the Proto-Australoids, the Mongoloids, and the Mediterraneans. The Negritos were the first of the racial groups that came to India. Proto-Australoid race came here just after the Negritos and their sources are Australian aborigines. The Mongoloids came to India through the passes of northern and eastern mountain ranges. The Mediterraneans came to India from the south-west Asia. 1. The Negrito: According to him the presence of Negrito race in India is a controversial issue. However, it is claimed that there is an element of Negrito race in Indian population and Negrito element is found in the blood of Andaman Islanders. Further, it is also pointed out that Negrito element is found in the blood of some South Indian tribal people like the Kadar and blood of Nagas. There are some who maintain that there are is no weighty evidence to prove conclusively the existence of Negrito element in Indian population. Whatever evidence is available, according to them, is inadequate to establish the presence of Negrito element in Indian population. Although there is controversy, it may be stated that the Negrito race existed in the past and has left little trace in India.
    [Show full text]