DOCSLIB.ORG

IRIE Issue 6: Ethics in Robotics

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
IRIE Issue 6: Ethics in Robotics IRIE International Review of Information Ethics ISSN 1614-1687 Vol. 6 (12/2006) Ethics in Robotics Editors Guest Editors Prof. Dr. Rafael Capurro (Editor in Chief) Uni- Dr. Daniela Cerqui, Department of Cybernetics, versity of Applied Sciences, Stuttgart, Germany, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading Wolframstr. 32, D-70191 Stuttgart RG6 6AY, UK E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: [email protected] Prof. Dr. Thomas Hausmanninger University of Dr. Jutta Weber Centre for Interdisciplinary Stu- Augsburg, Germany, Universitätsstr. 10 , D-86135 dies, University of Duisburg-Essen, Geibelstr. 41, Augsburg, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: [email protected] augsburg.de Prof. Dr. Karsten Weber European University Dr. Karsten Weber European University Viadrina, Viadrina Frankfurt/Oder, Germany E-Mail: kwe- Frankfurt (Oder), Germany, PO Box 17 86, D-15207 [email protected] Frankfurt (Oder), E-Mail: [email protected] Dr. Felix Weil quiBiq.de, Stuttgart, Germany, Editorial Office Heßbrühlstr. 11, D-70565 Stuttgart Marcus Apel E-Mail: [email protected] Mail: Rotebühlstr. 145, D-70197 Stuttgart E-Mail: [email protected] www.i-r-i-e.net IRIE International Review of Information Ethics Vol. 6 (12/2006) Vol. 6 (12/2006) Content Editorial: On IRIE Vol. 6 ..........................................................................................................................................1 Ethics in Robotics: Gianmarco Veruggio, Fiorella Operto: Roboethics: a Bottom-up Interdisciplinary Discourse in the Field of Applied Ethics in Robotics .......................2 Peter M. Asaro: What Should We Want From a Robot Ethic? ...............................................................................................9 Alistair S. Duff: Neo-Rawlsian Co-ordinates: Notes on A Theory of Justice for the Information Age ...................................... 17 John P. Sullins: When Is a Robot a Moral Agent? .............................................................................................................. 23 Brian R. Duffy: Fundamental Issues in Social Robotics ..................................................................................................... 31 Barbara Becker: Social Robots – Emotional Agents: Some Remarks on Naturalizing Man-Machine Interaction........................ 37 Dante Marino and Guglielmo Tamburrini: Learning Robots and Human Responsibility ............................................................................................... 46 C. K. M. Crutzen: Invisibility and the Meaning of Ambient Intelligence .................................................................................. 52 Stefan Krebs: On the Anticipation of Ethical Conflicts between Humans and Robots in Japanese Mangas .......................... 63 Maren Krähling: In Between Companion and Cyborg: The Double Diffracted Being Elsewhere of a Robodog ......................... 69 Naho Kitano: ‗Rinri‘: An Incitement towards the Existence of Robots in Japanese Society ................................................ 78 Miguel Angel Perez Alvarez: Robotics and development of intellectual abilities in children ...................................................................... 84 Dirk Söffker und Jutta Weber: On Designing Machines and Technologies in the 21st Century. An Interdisciplinary Dialogue. ...................... 91 © by IRIE – all rights reserved www.i-r-i-e.net ISSN 1614-1687 IRIE International Review of Information Ethics Vol. 6 (12/2006) Editorial: On IRIE Vol. 6 The third level asks the question, why we live with robots. Our main values are embedded into all our technological devices. Therefore, the question is: which values are we trying to realize through them? This issue is a very special issue. What it makes so Artificial creatures are a mirror of shared cultural special is the fact that we faced some of the issues values. Humans redefine themselves in comparison dealt in it in the process of creating it: some contri- with robots. This redefinition of living organisms in butions sent in by Email were blocked by the spam technological terms has far-reaching implications. mail scanner. They were - of course wrongly - Long-term reflections need to be developed and tagged as ‗sexual discriminating‘ but no alert was plausible scenarios need to be anticipated. given by the system. Now: who was to be made responsible if we – in fact in an uncomplicated und So we gather innovative conceptions of ethics and constructive thus human way – would not have engaged technoscience studies in this issue, which fixed the problem in time and the authors would not develop their argumentation in socio-political and have been included in the issue? On which grounds historical contexts to improve applied ethics in did the software decide to block them and thus can general and especially ethics in the field of robotics. it be taken as a moral agent? And finally, is the The issue collects a broad variety of themes and phenomenon of spam forcing us to use such agents approaches concerning very diverse fields of robot- in our social communication on which we have to ics and software agents such as educational robotics rely in various ways? There we are amidst the (Perez), entertainment robotics (Krähling), military subject of our current issue: Ethics in Robotics. robotics (Asaro), humanoids (Duffy), virtual agents In fact, robotics has become a fast growing research (Becker), ambient intelligence (Crutzen) and others. field and prosperous economic market. Robotic Philosophical and socio-technical aspects of human- systems are expected to interact not only with machine interaction (Becker, Crutzen, Duffy, Mar- experts but also with various every day users like ino/Tamburinni, Söffker/Weber) as well as the children, sick, elderly or visitors in a museum etc.. effects of different historical and cultural back- Although robots are therefore progressively sur- grounds of robotics (Krebs, Kitano) are also ana- rounding us in our professional lives as well as in lysed. In the beginning an overview of the roboeth- our private sphere, we have only few reflections on ics is given, groundings for future roboethical ap- the ethical and societal issues concerned with it. In proaches are discussed and roadmaps are devel- order to cover all the issues, we called for reflection oped (Asaro, Sullins, Operto/Veruggio). In this issue, at three complementary levels. we also accepted besides the regular, peer reviewed monographic contributions a dialogue between an The first one – that is the most common – concerns engineer in control dynamics (Söffker) and a phi- how human beings live in a technological environ- losopher (Weber) allowing for an interdisciplinary ment. It mainly consists in asking questions about discourse on the problems of human-machine the consequences (the so-called „impact assess- interaction and the foundations of political and ment―), and the way we (as users) handle robots. democratic participation in technology development. Classical ethical issues discussed as well as public policy fall into this category. We want to thank the authors and guest editors for contributing to this interdisciplinary and relatively On the second level, the reflection is directed to- young field and apologize for the postponement of wards questions of man-machine interaction and this issue due to some significant delays in the technology design. Robots are not regarded as the process this time – you might agree that it was ready-made products of engineers but as contested worthwhile in the end. We hope the contributions devices and emerging technologies. Concepts, help to support the further development of ethics, theories and means used in robotics to model the philosophy of science and technology studies in the relation between user and machine (master-slave, field of robotics – and especially to co-construct and interacting partners, caregiver-infant, owner-pet, shape our future lives with robots and agents in an etc.) are discussed concerning their ethical, episte- open and responsible way. mological, and ontological consequences. In addi- tion, questions of funding politics, military interest, Yours, media representation, and the like are central as- Rafael Capurro, Thomas Hausmanninger, Karsten pects on this level of discussion. Weber and Felix Weil, the Editors © by IRIE – all rights reserved www.i-r-i-e.net 1 ISSN 1614-1687 IRIE International Review of Information Ethics Vol. 6 (12/2006) Gianmarco Veruggio, Fiorella Operto: Roboethics: a Bottom-up Interdisciplinary Discourse in the Field of Ap- plied Ethics in Robotics Abstract: This paper deals with the birth of Roboethics. Roboethics is the ethics inspiring the design, development and employment of Intelligent Machines. Roboethics shares many 'sensitive areas' with Computer Ethics, Informa- tion Ethics and Bioethics. It investigates the social and ethical problems due to the effects of the Second and Third Industrial Revolutions in the Humans/Machines interaction‘s domain. Urged by the responsibilities involved in their professions, an increasing number of roboticists from all over the world have started - in cross-cultural collaboration with scholars of Humanities – to thoroughly develop the Roboethics, the applied ethics that should inspire the design, manufacturing and use of robots. The result is the Roboethics Road- map. Agenda Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................3
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Introduction to Robotics. Sensors and Actuators
    Introduction to Computer Vision and Robotics Florian Teich and Tomas Kulvicius* Introduction to Robotics. Sensors and Actuators Large portion of slides are adopted from Florentin Wörgötter, John Hallam and Simon Reich *[email protected] Perception-Action loop Environment Object Eyes Action Perception Arm Brain Perception-Action loop (cont.) Environment Sense Object Cameras Action Perception Robot-arm Computer Act Plan Outline of the course • L1.CV1: Introduction to Computer Vision. Thresholding, Filtering & Connected Coomponents • L2.CV2: Bilateral Filtering, Morphological Operators & Edge Detection • L3.CV3: Corner Detection & Non-Local Filtering • L4.R1: Introduction to Robotics. Sensors and actuators • L5.R2: Movement generation methods • L6.R3: Path planning algorithms • L7.CV4: Line/Circle Detection, Template Matching & Feature Detection • L8.CV5: Segmentation • L9.CV6: Fate Detection, Pedestrian Tracking & Computer Vision in 3D • L10.R4: Robot kinematics and control • L11.R5: Learning algorithms in robotics I: Supervised and unsupervised learning • L12.R6: Learning algorithms in robotics II: Reinforcement learning and genetic algorithms Introduction to Robotics History of robotics • Karel Čapek was one of the most influential Czech writers of the 20th century and a Nobel Prize nominee (1936). • He introduced and made popular the frequently used international word robot, which first appeared in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) in 1921. 1890-1938 • “Robot” comes from the Czech word “robota”, meaning “forced labor” • Karel named his brother Josef Čapek as the true inventor of the word robot. History of robotics (cont.) • The word "robotics" also comes from science fiction - it first appeared in the short story "Runaround" (1942) by American writer Isaac Asimov.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Impact of Robotics in Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences: from Insect Navigation to Human Cognitive Development
    IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development, Dec 2009 1 On the impact of robotics in behavioral and cognitive sciences: from insect navigation to human cognitive development Pierre-Yves Oudeyer1 Bekey, 2005; Dautenhahn, 2007; Floreano and Abstract— The interaction of robotics with behavioural Mattiussi, 2008; Arbib et al., 2008; Asada et al., 2009). and cognitive sciences has always been tight. As often On the contrary, while there has been many technical described in the literature, the living has inspired the specific articles in the past presenting experiments that construction of many robots. Yet, in this article, we focus changed our understanding of given behavioural or on the reverse phenomenon: building robots can impact importantly the way we conceptualize behaviour and cognitive phenomenon, few synthetic, concise and cognition in animals and humans. I present a series of interdisciplinary overviews exist that specifically focus paradigmatic examples spanning from the modelling of on the potential impact of robotics in behavioural and insect navigation, the experimentation of the role of cognitive sciences, and its conceptualization. morphology to control locomotion, the development of foundational representations of the body and of the (Cordeschi, 2002) presents a thorough technical and self/other distinction, the self-organization of language in comprehensive review targeted at specialists and robot societies, and the use of robots as therapeutic tools historians. (Clark, 1997; Dennet, 1998; Boden, 2006) for children with developmental disorders. Through these emphasize, among other topics, philosophical issues of examples, I review the way robots can be used as operational models confronting specific theories to reality, the use of robots as tools for cognitive sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Cyborg Insect Drones: Research, Risks, and Governance
    CYBORG INSECT DRONES: RESEARCH, RISKS, AND GOVERNANCE By: Heraclio Pimentel Jr. 12/01/2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................................... 1 I. BACKGROUND: THE RESEARCH ................................................................................................................................................ 2 A. Emergence of HI-MEMS .................................................................................................................................................. 2 B. Technical Background .................................................................................................................................................... 3 C. The State of the Technology ......................................................................................................................................... 4 D. Intended Applications of HI-MEMS ............................................................................................................................ 6 II. RISKS: DUAL-USE APPLICATIONS OF HI-MEMS ................................................................................................................ 8 A. HI-MEMS Pose a Risk to National Security ............................................................................................................. 9 B. HI-MEMS Pose a Threat to Personal Privacy .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Fun Facts and Activities
    Robo Info: Fun Facts and Activities By: J. Jill Rogers & M. Anthony Lewis, PhD Robo Info: Robot Activities and Fun Facts By: J. Jill Rogers & M. Anthony Lewis, PhD. Dedication To those young people who dare to dream about the all possibilities that our future holds. Special Thanks to: Lauren Buttran and Jason Coon for naming this book Ms. Patti Murphy’s and Ms. Debra Landsaw’s 6th grade classes for providing feedback Liudmila Yafremava for her advice and expertise i Iguana Robotics, Inc. PO Box 625 Urbana, IL 61803-0625 www.iguana-robotics.com Copyright 2004 J. Jill Rogers Acknowledgments This book was funded by a research Experience for Teachers (RET) grant from the National Science Foundation. Technical expertise was provided by the research scientists at Iguana Robotics, Inc. Urbana, Illinois. This book’s intended use is strictly for educational purposes. The author would like to thank the following for the use of images. Every care has been taken to trace copyright holders. However, if there have been unintentional omissions or failure to trace copyright holders, we apologize and will, if informed, endeavor to make corrections in future editions. Key: b= bottom m=middle t=top *=new page Photographs: Cover-Iguana Robotics, Inc. technical drawings 2003 t&m; http://robot.kaist.ac.kr/~songsk/robot/robot.html b* i- Iguana Robotics, Inc. technical drawings 2003m* p1- http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/hero/ *p2- Encyclopedia Mythica t *p3- Museum of Art Neuchatel t* p5- (c) 1999-2001 EagleRidge Technologies, Inc. b* p9- Copyright 1999 Renato M.E. Sabbatini http://www.epub.org.br/cm/n09/historia/greywalter_i.htm t ; http://www.ar2.com/ar2pages/uni1961.htm *p10- http://robot.kaist.ac.kr/~songsk/robot/robot.html /*p11- http://robot.kaist.ac.kr/~songsk/robot/robot.html; Sojourner, http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/home/ *p12- Sony Aibo, The Sony Corporation of America, 550 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10022 t; Honda Asimo, Copyright, 2003 Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • VIDEO GAME SUBCULTURES Playing at the Periphery of Mainstream Culture Edited by Marco Benoît Carbone & Paolo Ruffino
    ISSN 2280-7705 www.gamejournal.it Published by LUDICA Issue 03, 2014 – volume 1: JOURNAL (PEER-REVIEWED) VIDEO GAME SUBCULTURES Playing at the periphery of mainstream culture Edited by Marco Benoît Carbone & Paolo Ruffino GAME JOURNAL – Peer Reviewed Section Issue 03 – 2014 GAME Journal A PROJECT BY SUPERVISING EDITORS Antioco Floris (Università di Cagliari), Roy Menarini (Università di Bologna), Peppino Ortoleva (Università di Torino), Leonardo Quaresima (Università di Udine). EDITORS WITH THE PATRONAGE OF Marco Benoît Carbone (University College London), Giovanni Caruso (Università di Udine), Riccardo Fassone (Università di Torino), Gabriele Ferri (Indiana University), Adam Gallimore (University of Warwick), Ivan Girina (University of Warwick), Federico Giordano (Università per Stranieri di Perugia), Dipartimento di Storia, Beni Culturali e Territorio Valentina Paggiarin, Justin Pickard, Paolo Ruffino (Goldsmiths, University of London), Mauro Salvador (Università Cattolica, Milano), Marco Teti (Università di Ferrara). PARTNERS ADVISORY BOARD Espen Aarseth (IT University of Copenaghen), Matteo Bittanti (California College of the Arts), Jay David Bolter (Georgia Institute of Technology), Gordon C. Calleja (IT University of Copenaghen), Gianni Canova (IULM, Milano), Antonio Catolfi (Università per Stranieri di Perugia), Mia Consalvo (Ohio University), Patrick Coppock (Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia), Ruggero Eugeni (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano), Roy Menarini (Università di Bologna), Enrico Menduni (Università di
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Realization of a Humanoid Robot for Fast and Autonomous Bipedal Locomotion
    TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Mechanik Design and Realization of a Humanoid Robot for Fast and Autonomous Bipedal Locomotion Entwurf und Realisierung eines Humanoiden Roboters für Schnelles und Autonomes Laufen Dipl.-Ing. Univ. Sebastian Lohmeier Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät für Maschinenwesen der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktor-Ingenieurs (Dr.-Ing.) genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzender: Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Udo Lindemann Prüfer der Dissertation: 1. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Heinz Ulbrich 2. Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Horst Baier Die Dissertation wurde am 2. Juni 2010 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht und durch die Fakultät für Maschinenwesen am 21. Oktober 2010 angenommen. Colophon The original source for this thesis was edited in GNU Emacs and aucTEX, typeset using pdfLATEX in an automated process using GNU make, and output as PDF. The document was compiled with the LATEX 2" class AMdiss (based on the KOMA-Script class scrreprt). AMdiss is part of the AMclasses bundle that was developed by the author for writing term papers, Diploma theses and dissertations at the Institute of Applied Mechanics, Technische Universität München. Photographs and CAD screenshots were processed and enhanced with THE GIMP. Most vector graphics were drawn with CorelDraw X3, exported as Encapsulated PostScript, and edited with psfrag to obtain high-quality labeling. Some smaller and text-heavy graphics (flowcharts, etc.), as well as diagrams were created using PSTricks. The plot raw data were preprocessed with Matlab. In order to use the PostScript- based LATEX packages with pdfLATEX, a toolchain based on pst-pdf and Ghostscript was used.
    [Show full text]
  • Can a Robot Be Perceived As a Developing Creature?
    538 HUMAN COMMUNICATION RESEARCH / October 2005 Can a Robot Be Perceived as a Developing Creature? Effects of a Robot’s Long-Term Cognitive Developments on Its Social Presence and People’s Social Responses Toward It KWAN MIN LEE NAMKEE PARK HAYEON SONG University of Southern California This study tests the effect of long-term artifi cial development of a robot on users’ feelings of social presence and social responses toward the robot. The study is a 2 (developmental capability: developmental versus fully matured) x 2 (number of participants: individual ver- sus group) between-subjects experiment (N = 40) in which participants interact with Sony’s robot dog, AIBO, for a month. The results showed that the developmental capability factor had signifi cant positive impacts on (a) perceptions of AIBO as a lifelike creature, (b) feel- ings of social presence, and (c) social responses toward AIBO. The number of participants factor, however, affected only the parasocial relationship and the buying intention variables. No interaction between the two factors was found. The results of a series of path analyses showed that feelings of social presence mediated participants’ social responses toward AIBO. We discuss implications of the current study on human–robot interaction, the computers are social actors (CASA) paradigm, and the study of (tele)presence. obots, once imagined only in science-fi ction fi lms, are now being used for various purposes. New applications of robots in thera- Rpeutic, educational, and entertainment environments have caused an important shift in the study of human–robot interaction (HRI). Rather than viewing robots as mere tools or senseless machines, researchers are beginning to see robots as social actors that can autonomously interact with humans in a socially meaningful way.
    [Show full text]
  • Bandai June New Product
    Bandai June New Product ZZ II "Gundam Build Fighters", Bandai HGBF 1/144 Launching alongside the release of a new Gundam Build Fighters Try episode, the popular Z II is now available! Capable of transforming into its Wave Rider form, the model kit also comes with powerful large-scale weaponry. Set includes a large beam rifle, transformation replacement parts, and interchangeable hand. Runner x12. Foil Sticker x1. Instruction manual x1. Approximately 5.5" Tall Package Size: Approximately 12.2"x7.8"x3.1" MSRP: $27.99 Gyancelot "Gundam Build Fighters", Bandai HGBF 1/144 From the Gyan family, comes a new model kit featuring Gyancelot! With expert detailing on the shield and weapons, the color scheme and textures accurately reproduces the look from the anime! The large lance appears in the shape of the crest of the Principality of Zeon, and its blades can be opened or closed through the use of replacement parts. Set includes large lance, beam saber, shield, and interchangeable hands. Runner x11. Foil sticker x1. Instruction manual x1. Approx. 5" Tall Package Size: Approx. 11.7"x7.4"x3.0" MSRP: $19.99 Gya Eastern Weapons "Gundam Build Fighters", Bandai HGBC 1/144 This is a kit focusing on parts for hand-held weapons from the Build Custom series! The parts can be used to customize existing models from various 1/144 series. The large rifle from the HG 1/144 ZZ II can be combined with a newly molded clay bazooka and optional parts for the lance from the Gyancelot can be customized as well.
    [Show full text]
  • New AI and Robotics F. Bonsignorio Heron Robots Institute of Biorobotics
    New AI and Robotics ! ! F. Bonsignorio ! ! ! Heron Robots ! Institute of Biorobotics - SSSA, Pisa ! New AI and Robotics Introduction To take robots out of the factories in everyday life is not a free lunch. Have we the science or even the concept framework to deal with open ended unstructured environments? New AI and Robotics Introduction ! How the new paradigms in AI, from swarm intelligence to morphological computation and complex adaptive systems theory applications, (could) help robotics? Is robotics the science of embodied cognition? Is there a need to extend computation theory to manage the interaction with the physical world? Does robotics needs a 'paradigm change' from top- down symbolic processing to emerging self-organized cognitive behaviors of complez adaptive dynamical systems? New AI and Robotics Introduction Which relations are there between new AI, the US NSF idea of CyberPhysical Systems Science, and the concepts of embodied and situated cognition popular in European cognitive sciences community and a significant part of the robotics community? What does it mean in this context to be 'biomimetic'? New AI and Robotics Caveat :-) ROUTES TO CALIFORNIA AND OREGON 'EMIGRANTS or others desiring to make the overland journey to the Pacific should bear in mind that there are several different routes which may be traveled with wagons, each having its advocates in persons directly or indirectly interested in attracting the tide of emigration and travel over them. Information concerning these routes coming from strangers living or owning property near them, from agents of steam-boats or railways, or from other persons connected with transportation companies, should be received with great caution, and never without corroborating evidence from disinterested sources' From 'The Prairie Traveler', R.
    [Show full text]
  • Entertainment Robots Market Research Report - Global Forecast Till 2027
    Report Information More information from: https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/2925 Entertainment Robots Market Research Report - Global Forecast till 2027 Report / Search Code: MRFR/SEM/2149-CR Publish Date: February, 2020 Request Sample Price 1-user PDF : $ 4450.0 Enterprise PDF : $ 6250.0 Description: Entertainment Robots Market Overview The Entertainment Robots Market is expected to project at USD 3715.29 million and account at a CAGR of 23.06% during the forecast period of 2018 to 2023. The entertainment robots are specially manufactured for recreational purposes and are primarily important in the commercial and entertainment industry. These entertainment robots entertain people and especially kids by dancing, singing, and telling stories. Some of the famous robots in the entertainment industry so served for entertainment purposes are AIBO, Poo-Chi, iDOG, Bo-Wow, Gupi, Teksta, and i-Cybie are some of the important tools so served. The entertainment robots which come under the personal robotics market developed for utilitarian purposes, and also for recreational, commercial, and for entertainment purposes. Covid 19 Analysis The entertainment robots market experiences a declination in its production during the pandemic of COVID. COVID had a great impact on the manufacturing unit. A decrease in shortages of labor was marked. The outbreak also decreased the demand for production from end-users industries.The government imposed strict rules and regulations. He put forward the work from home initiatives for the employees. Wearing up masks and gloves was made compulsory and also strict actions were taken against those who tried violating the rules. Market Dynamics Drivers Rise in the growth of artificial intelligence technology, improving the growth of the geriatric population, and increasing the demand for animatronics pushes up the entertainment robots market.
    [Show full text]
  • Aachi Wa Ssipak Afro Samurai Afro Samurai Resurrection Air Air Gear
    1001 Nights Burn Up! Excess Dragon Ball Z Movies 3 Busou Renkin Druaga no Tou: the Aegis of Uruk Byousoku 5 Centimeter Druaga no Tou: the Sword of Uruk AA! Megami-sama (2005) Durarara!! Aachi wa Ssipak Dwaejiui Wang Afro Samurai C Afro Samurai Resurrection Canaan Air Card Captor Sakura Edens Bowy Air Gear Casshern Sins El Cazador de la Bruja Akira Chaos;Head Elfen Lied Angel Beats! Chihayafuru Erementar Gerad Animatrix, The Chii's Sweet Home Evangelion Ano Natsu de Matteru Chii's Sweet Home: Atarashii Evangelion Shin Gekijouban: Ha Ao no Exorcist O'uchi Evangelion Shin Gekijouban: Jo Appleseed +(2004) Chobits Appleseed Saga Ex Machina Choujuushin Gravion Argento Soma Choujuushin Gravion Zwei Fate/Stay Night Aria the Animation Chrno Crusade Fate/Stay Night: Unlimited Blade Asobi ni Iku yo! +Ova Chuunibyou demo Koi ga Shitai! Works Ayakashi: Samurai Horror Tales Clannad Figure 17: Tsubasa & Hikaru Azumanga Daioh Clannad After Story Final Fantasy Claymore Final Fantasy Unlimited Code Geass Hangyaku no Lelouch Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children B Gata H Kei Code Geass Hangyaku no Lelouch Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within Baccano! R2 Freedom Baka to Test to Shoukanjuu Colorful Fruits Basket Bakemonogatari Cossette no Shouzou Full Metal Panic! Bakuman. Cowboy Bebop Full Metal Panic? Fumoffu + TSR Bakumatsu Kikansetsu Coyote Ragtime Show Furi Kuri Irohanihoheto Cyber City Oedo 808 Fushigi Yuugi Bakuretsu Tenshi +Ova Bamboo Blade Bartender D.Gray-man Gad Guard Basilisk: Kouga Ninpou Chou D.N. Angel Gakuen Mokushiroku: High School Beck Dance in
    [Show full text]
  • Developing Biorobotics for Veterinary Research Into Cat Movements
    Journal of Veterinary Behavior 10 (2015) 248e254 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Veterinary Behavior journal homepage: www.journalvetbehavior.com In Brief: Practice and Procedure Developing biorobotics for veterinary research into cat movements Chiara Mariti a,*, Giovanni Gerardo Muscolo b, Jan Peters c,d,e, Domenec Puig f, Carmine Tommaso Recchiuto b, Claudio Sighieri a, Agusti Solanas f, Oskar von Stryk c a Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy b CVD & E-I Laboratories, Humanot s.r.l., Prato, Italy c Department of Computer Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany d Department of Empirical Inference, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen, Germany e Department of Autonomous Motion, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen, Germany f Department of Computer Engineering and Mathematics, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain article info abstract Article history: Collaboration between veterinarians and other professionals such as engineers and computer scientists Received 8 April 2014 will become important in biorobotics for both scientific achievements and the protection of animal Received in revised form welfare. Particularly, cats have not yet become a significant source of inspiration for new technologies in 29 September 2014 robotics. This article suggests a novel approach for the investigation of particular aspects of cat Accepted 31 December 2014 morphology, neurophysiology, and behavior aimed at bridging this gap by focusing on the versatile, Available online 10 January 2015 powerful locomotion abilities of cats and implementing a robotic tool for the measurements of biological parameters of animals and building cat-inspired robotic prototypes. The presented framework suggests Keywords: 3Rs the basis for the development of novel hypotheses and models describing biomechanics, locomotion, biorobotics balancing system, visual perception, as well as learning and adaption of cat motor skills and behavior.
    [Show full text]