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SIMULATION of DIFFERENT INTERSECTION DESIGN for IMPROVING TRAFFIC FLOW with FACTORS CONSIDERING LOCATION, POPULATION and DRIVER EXPECTANCY Sourabh Kumar Singh Dr

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SIMULATION of DIFFERENT INTERSECTION DESIGN for IMPROVING TRAFFIC FLOW with FACTORS CONSIDERING LOCATION, POPULATION and DRIVER EXPECTANCY Sourabh Kumar Singh Dr Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707 SIMULATION OF DIFFERENT INTERSECTION DESIGN FOR IMPROVING TRAFFIC FLOW WITH FACTORS CONSIDERING LOCATION, POPULATION AND DRIVER EXPECTANCY Sourabh Kumar Singh Dr. Anil kunte Associate Professor, Research Scholar, Associate Professor, Department of Civil Department of Civil Department of Civil Engineering Engineering, Shri JJT Engineering, Shri JJT Noida International University University University Dr. Paritosh Srivastava Abstract: In today’s economic growth the vehicular traffic is increasing day by day, which leads to failure of intersections before their time period. To increase the efficiency of these failed intersections the engineers added lanes to the existing major and minor roads, but this method do not give results which it used to deliver in the past, hence other methods were adopted. So to increase the efficiency and fulfil the criteria for successful intersection ,to cape with it several intersection are designed which are unconventional in nature like jug handle, bow tie, continuous flow intersection and median u turn which are very effective in increasing green time on highway and minor roads. The software used in this study is Auto- cad for planning and drawing purpose which can be used in sim-traffic software which will be used for simulation purpose of the traffic flow on different designs of intersections. The factors which are considered in this study are -location of town centre, population of the zone and driver expectancy. The final conclusion of this study is that continuous flow intersection provides the best results when the traffic is increased. The construction cost is least in median u turn and giving maximum result than all other intersections. Other factors should be considered when determining if one of the unconventional solutions should be implemented. Factors to be considered include expected population growth, right of way availability, and driver expectancy. As this study was not based on an existing site, these factors were not considered. Keywords : Autocad, Simulation, Intersection Introduction: It shows the journey because of fashion trends that are increasing in the use of personal cars where more families can pay for the car. Therefore, there is more congestion on the roads and traffic flow has become. Transition delays have increased and average speeds have decreased. They established today many crosses for several years and they Volume X Issue V MAY 2021 Page No : 383 Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707 cannot cope with the traffic flows “in an efficient manner. Adding vehicles to the road has” meant that traffic delays have increased as the traffic sign must be green only on the left turn. Engineers wanted to reduce the high-volume intersections with public improvements, such as activation signals, many left turns, “off-lanes and right- turn. As their intersection improves the “value of land around the intersection increases, which can lead to changes in” land structure. Is that the land is developed on a commercial basis, thus increasing “traffic through the intersection. Like and it increases traffic generation through the intersection” also reduces the level of service it provides to the intersection it. For intersection level, you must improve it. With increased crossroads, time loss due to longer intervals and drums increases, gradually left turns, longer pedestrian clearance time, increased lane imbalance, and potential delays in defensive purchases (due to longer distances in circulation). To improve some other non- traditional classes design cross activity. Unusual projects include guidance, continuous flow intersection (CFI), fishing arm , bend center and superstreet. A common feature of these options is the direct left cursor out of the house “more.Indirect left bending can improve safety and performance at high volume.”These models put vehicles to the left of the traffic flow without delaying or stopping lanes, reducing the possibility of delays and collision at the rear. It will also reduce the collision at the point of view when conducting manual processing indirectly to the left. Such methods “are effective on common highways in too narrow ways to obtain a left coil with sufficient storage capacity. There are two principles regarding choice of contracts. Firstly, the emphasis is on reducing vehicle delays. Automotive service is the main purpose of a functional artery class. Second, unconventional seek alternatives to reduce the number of overlapping points of intersections and leave a disagreement. Unconventional opportunities reduce the number of overlapping points with Forward some left turns. Reduction of conflict points that helps to increase safety and increase traffic flow. Studies show that unconventional” measures reduce traffic delays. However, problems with alternative options have been identified. Different arrangements can be confusing for drivers of conventional arteries. In addition, there may be more space is needed for other options that affect the well- established right to drive, which was higher construction costs than traditional methods. Other disadvantages of alternative options include more left turns, more markings and Volume X Issue V MAY 2021 Page No : 384 Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707 pavement markings, and pedestrians can cross the intersection at a greater distance .So, it is very important to study about the highway and highway engineering. Objectives 1. Each alternative would be designed using computer aided drafting (CAD) software. 2. This will allow geometric comparisons to be made between each alternative. Furthermore, each CAD drawing will be imported into traffic simulation software in order to determine the effects on traffic flow by each alternative. 3. Finally, the construction cost of each alternative will be based on the geometrics and area required to implement each alternative. 4. To determine if the benefits provided by the unconventional alternatives justify the additional cost to design and construct the unconventional alternatives. Methodology In order to accomplish these objectives, plans were laid out and agree upon for the purpose of compiling the correct amount of information and getting the correct procedures to go about the analysis. The plans followed were an extensive literature review, the design of each alternative, the simulation of traffic for each alternative, and the estimated construction cost of each alternative. Intersection Design Each intersection shall be designed in accordance with the guidelines set forth by the AASHTO manual. The intersections will follow a four-leg design consisting of a major and minor facility. For simplicity, it will be assumed that each leg of the intersection is level and that the two facilities cross at a 90° angle to one another. The intersections will be designed based on a vehicle speed of 45 miles per hour and an urban setting. Therefore, the design vehicle used will be a passenger vehicle and it will be assumed that 2% or less of the vehicles travelling through the intersection will be tractor-trailers. In order to compare intersection improvements, a base or “control” intersection must first be defined and analyzed. The existing intersection for this study will consist of two four lane roads intersecting at a 90° angle. Two lanes will be dedicated to each direction of travel. The travel lanes of the major road will be separated by an 18 foot wide median while the travel lanes of the minor road will not be separated by a median. At the intersection, the major road will provide one exclusive left turn lane from each direction of travel and no exclusive right turn lanes, while the minor road will not provide an exclusive lane for left or right turning. Volume X Issue V MAY 2021 Page No : 385 Science, Technology and Development ISSN : 0950-0707 Traffic Simulation Traffic simulation will be performed using Synchro Studio 7 and SimTraffic by Trafficware. The simulation program allows the user to import an AutoCAD drawing in DXF format as a background. The AutoCAD background essentially serves as a template so the user can replicate the intersection in Synchro Studio 7. After the intersection has been designed in Synchro Studio 7, the user can then define simulation parameters such as driver characteristics, volumes on both the major and minor facility, and signalization. Once the intersection has been designed and the simulation parameters defined, SimTraffic will be initiated to perform the simulation. Traffic Simulation Results “Traffic campaigns were conducted for each intersection project, including the base intersection. Traffic volume was used as described above; simulation was conducted for 120 minutes. The following three tables show the results of each intersection at different traffic volumes. Are the tables separated by the amount of traffic traveling on the highway. Tables are service level, average speed” and delays in the vehicle at the eastern edge of the table on the main road to the main crossroads between major and fewer roads. The tables are different for cost-effective measures based on less traffic.At the lowest traffic for this highway and highway study, the basic junction provides Level D service, with the delay for the car being almost a minute. An increase in the volume of the smaller road that reduces LOS F and significantly increases vehicle delays at major intersections. Which intersection at the intersection increases at the bottom of the economy
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