[§ler1e McPeeks -_~.s Geological surVe~ Rpt. 96-4063.tit Page 1 I
Hydrogeology of the Surficial and Intermediate Aquifer Systems in Sarasota and Adjacent Counties, Florida
By G.L. Barr U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4063
Prepared in cooperation with SARASOTA COUNTY, FLORIDA, and the SOUTHWEST FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
Tallahassee, Florida 19% I Cylene Mc~e_el
.,
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director i !
f::!i!l!i't I
Any use of trade, product, or firm names In this publication Is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. I '
For additional information Copies of this report can be write to: purchased from:
District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Suovey Branch of Information Services Suite 3015 P.0. Box 25286 227 North Bronaugh Street Denver, CO 80225-()288 Tallahassee, Aorida 32301 _Cyleme McPeeks ~U.S Geolo~ical~ur:vey~R'!:p'.':t.~9~6:_:-4:::D~6~3:::.t".:_if_-·_--______~~~-~P~a"'g'-e~3~1
CONTENTS
Abstract ...... Introduction...... I Purpose and Scope...... 2 Description of the Study Area ...... 2 Previous Investigations...... 4 Methods for Describing the Hydrogeology...... 5 Acknowledgments...... 6 Hydrogeologic Framework...... 7 Surficial Aquifer System ...... 7 Intermediate Aquifer System ...... 10 Lithology and Age ...... 10 Areal Extent and Thickness ...... II Hydraulic;; Properties ...... I2 Geologic Faulting ...... 12 Ground·WatcrUse ...... 13 Ground·WaterQuality ...... 13 Surficial Aquifer System ...... 14 Intennediate Aquifer System ...... 15 PenneableZone 1 ...... 15 i Permeable Zone 2 ...... 16 Permeable Zone 3 ...... 16 Carlton Reserve and South Venice Test Wells ...... 17 Ground·Water Flow ...... 18 - Summary ...... 18 Selected References ...... 20
Figures [Most figures are located at the back of this report.] 1. Map showing location of the study area, ground· water quality study area, and test wells...... 3 2-4. Diagrams showing lithologic, hydrogeologic, and geophysical data at the: 2. Carlton Reserve test well...... 6 3. South Venice test well...... 7 4. Walton test well...... 8 5. Hydrogeologic framework in the study area...... 9 6. Map showing location of hydrogeologic sections in the study area ...... 23 7-16. Hydrogeologic sections in southwest Florida: 7. Section A·A' ...... 24 8. Section B·B' ...... 25 9. Section C-C' ...... 26 10. SectionO.D' ...... 27 11. Section B--E' ...... 28 12. Section F·F' ...... 29 13. SectionG-0' ...... 30 14. Section H·H'...... 31 15. Section I·r...... 32 16. SectionJ.J' ...... 33 17 •22. Maps showing~ 17. Generalized thickness of the surficial aquifer system in southwest Florida...... 34
Contents Ill ------.. ···--···-·-·-··--···-·-··-··------::------c-::-:-::-::-::--:c:-----~---- ' Cylene McPeeks : .. ~~~~-~ological Survey Rpt96-4063.tif Page 41
18. Generalized altitude of the base of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida...... 35 19. Generalized thickness and extent of permeable zone 1 of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida...... 36 ·( 20. Generalized thickness of penneable zone 2 of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida ...... 37 21. Generalized thickness of permeable zone 3 of the intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida ...... 38 22. Generalized thickness and extent of the Venice Clay in southwest Florida ...... 39 23. Major pumping centers in southwest Sarasota County ...... 40 24. Surficial and intermediate aquifer system ground-water quality monitor wells in southwest Sarasota County ...... 41 25-40. Maps showing: 25. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ...... 42 26. Sulfate concentration in water from wells open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ...... 43 27. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the sur:ficia1 aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ...... ~ ...... 44 28. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County ...... ~ ...... 45 29. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable w· zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 46 i 30. Sulfate concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 47 31. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, I permeable zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 48 ' 32. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 49 ! 33. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system. permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 50 34. Sulfate concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County ...... ,...... 51 - 35. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, I permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 52 ! 36. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 53 37. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County ...... ~ ...... 54 38. Sulfate concentration in water ft:om wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 55 39. Dissolved-solids concentration in water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest S8I11Sota County ...... 56 I! 40. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County ...... 57 41-50. Graphs showing: 41. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, at the Englewood Water District well EPZ 9, 1987-93 ...... 58 42. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, at the Venice Gardens well field monitorwell9, 1985-90 ...... 59 43. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, at the Plantation monitor well MW4, 1987-94 ...... 60 44. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intennediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, at the Southbay Utility well PZ2, 1983-94 ...... 61 45. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intennediate aquifer system, penneable zone 3, at the EWD RO Production welll, 1983-93 ...... 62 46. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, penneable zone 3, at the Plantation monitor well MW3, 1987-94 ...... 63
IV Conlllnbl 47. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Sarasota County Utility well PZ3, 1985-94 ...... 64 48. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Southbay Utility well PZ3, 1989-93 ...... 65 49. Chloride, sulfate, and specific-conductance values at selected depth intervals below land swface at the Carlton Reserve test well ...... 66 50. Chloride, sulfate, and specific-conductance values at selected depth intervals below land surface at the South V~ce test well ...... 67 51. Diagrams showing major-ion concentrations of water from the intermediate aquifer system at selected intervals below land surface at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells ...... 68 52. Maps showing composite potentiometric swface of the intermediate aquifer system, May and September 1993 ...... 69 53. Section showing two-dimensional conceptual model of the intermediate aquifer system, southwest Sarasota County...... 19 54. Graphs showing water levels in the surficial, intermediate, and Upper Floridan aquifer monitor wells at ROMP TR 5-2, January 1993 to December 1994 ...... 70
Table [Most tables are located at the back of this report.] 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida...... 71 2. Ground-water withdrawals from the surficial and intermediate aquifer systems at major pumping centers, southwest Sarasota County, 1992 ...... 13 3. Well records for ground-water sampling network and ground-water quality data in southwest Sarasota County, 1993 ...... 76 4. Ground-water quality data collected with a pore squeezer at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells, Sarasota County, 1992...... 80
CONVERSION FACTORS, VERTICAL DATUM, ABBREVIATED WATER QUALITY UNITS, AND ACRONYMS
Multiply By To obtain
inch (in.) 25.4 millimeter inch (in.) 25,400 micrometer cubic inch (in1) 16.39 cubic centimeter foot (ft) 0.3048 meter foot pel- day (ftld) 1.0 meter per day foot per day per foot [(ft!d)lft] l.O meter per day per meter mile (mi) !.609 kilometer foot squared per day (W/d) 0.0929 meter squared per day square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer gallon (gal) 3.785 liter gallon per day (g.J/d) 3.785 liter per day gallon per minute (gal/min) 0.06308 liter per second million gallons per day (MgaVd) 0.04381 cubic meter per second
Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (Of) can be converted to degrees Celsius fC) as follows: "C = 519 ("F- 32)
Contents V SEA LEVEl: In Ibis report. "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929)-a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called "Sea Level Datum of 1929,"
ABBREVIATED WATER-QUALITY UNITS
)liD micrometers mL milliliters jJ.S/cm microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius mg/L milligrams per liter J.lgiL micrograms per liter
ACRONYMS
SAS Surficial aquifer system lAS Intermediate aquifer system PZl Intermediate aquifer system. permeable zone 1 PZ2 Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2 PZ3 Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3 UFA Upper Floridan aquifer CU SASIPZl Confining unit between SAS and PZl CU PZ1/PZ2 Confining unit between PZl and PZ2 CU n2JPZ3 Confining unit between PZ2 and PZ3 CU PZ31UFA Confining unit between PZ3 and UFA EWD Englewood Wat VI Contonta ~Cylene.McPeeks::-u,s Geological siJrvey.RPt 96-4o63.tit Pa.~.ill Hydrogeology of the Surficial and Intermediate Aquifer Systems in Sarasota and Adjacent Counties, Florida ByG.L. Barr ABSTRACT Water ranges naturally from fresh in the surficial aquifer system and upper permeable From 1991 to 1995, the hydrogeology of zones of the intermediate aquifer system to the surficial aquifer system and the major moderately saline in the lower permeable permeable zones and confining units of the zone. Water-quality data collected in coastal intermediate aquifer system in southwest Florida southwest Sarasota County indicate that ground was studied. The study area is a 1,400-square water withdrawals from major pumping centers mile area that includes Sarasota County and parts have resulted in lateral seawater intrusion and of Manatee, De Soto, Charlotte, and Lee upconiug into the surficial and intermediate Counties. Lithologic, geophysicaL hydraulic aquifer systems. property, and water-level data were used to correlate the hydrogeology and map the extenfof the aquifer systems. Water chemistry was INTRODUCTION evaluated in southwest Sarasota County to Demand for public, industrial, and domestic determine salinity of the surficial and water-supply is increasing in southwest Florida largely intermediate aquifer systems. due to an influx of new residents and increased devel The surficial aquifer is an unconfined opment in coastal regions. In southwest Florida, aquifer system that overlies the intermediate ground water is the main source of potable water. In aquifer system and ranges from a few feet to over 1992, a variety of community potable water systems, 60 feet in thickness in the study area. Hydraulic ranging from county-owned water systemB to indepen properties of the surficial aquifer system dent businesses in Sarasota County were pennitted by the Southwest Florida Water Management District determined from aquifer and laboratory tests, and (SWFWMD) to withdraw ground water. The SWF model simulations vary considerably across the WMD also requires pennits by other independent study area. businesses that withdraw ground water for agricul The intermediate aquifer system, a confined tural, industrial, mining, and recreational purposes aquifer system that lies between the surficial and when the outside diameter of the well casing is 6-in. or the Upper Floridan aquifers, is composed of greater, total withdrawal capacity from any source or alternating confining units and permeable zones. combined sources is greater than or equal to 1 million The intermediate aquifer system has three major galld, or the annual average withdrawal from any source or combined sources is greater than or equal to permeable zones that exhibit a wide range of 100,000 gal/d (SWFWMD, 1994). Withdrawals hydraulic properties. Horizontal flow in the reported by these pennined water systems ranged intermediate aquifer system is northeast to from hundreds of gallons to more than 2 million gal southwest. Most of the study area is in a discharge lons per month. Domestic homes and private compa area of the intermediate aquifer system. nies do not require water-use pennits when the outside I CyiE!nf!_rv1pPeeks- U.S Geological Survey Rpt. 96-4063.tif diameter of the well casings is smaller than 6-in. and individual permeable zones and confining units of the withdraws are less than threshold pumpage rates. lAS, the potentiometric surfaces of the individual Ground water is withdrawn from three main permeable zones of the IAS and the UFA is not well aquifer systems in Sarasota County and neighboring defined. In October 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey counties: the surficial aquifer system (SAS), (USGS), in cooperation with the SWFWMD, began a intermediate aquifer system (lAS), and Upper Floridan 3-year study to define the hydrogeology of the surficial aquifer (UFA). Manatee County withdraws much of its and intermediate aquifer systems in Sarasota County potable water from the UFA. Southern Sarasota and adjacent counties (fig. 1). In 1993, Sarasota County and counties to the south rely heavily on the County became a cooperator and the study was surficial and intermediate aquifer systems for their extended through September 1995 and expanded to potable water. Umited supplies of potable ground include an evaluation of ground-water quality and water can be pumped from thin layers of the SAS and seawater intrusion along coastal Sarasota County, the upper two permeable zones of the lAS in those from Osprey to Englewood (fig. 1). areas. Limited amounts of water can be withdrawn from these potable water zones because they are thin and have limited areal extent. Slightly saline to very Purpose and Scope saline water is available in larger quantities from the This repert describes the hydrogeology of the deeper permeable zones in the area. Slightly saline to surficial and intermediate aquifer systems in southwest moderately saline water can be converted to potable Florida, focusing on the area where the Venice Clay water by desalinization but at a relatively large exists. The hydrogeologic framework is based upon expense. Because of the need for large quantities of lithologic, geophysical, head, water-quality, and potable water, 42 facilities for public water supply hydraulic property data from many existing wells and were permitted for desalinization operations in the three test wells constructed in Sarasota County during Sarasota..Charlotte County area in 1993; 19 of the the study. Data from existing wells were from the files facilities produced more than 100,000 gaYd (Mark of the USGS, SWFWMD, Floriwi Geological Survey Hanuuond, SWFWMD, oral commun., 1994). (FGS), Sarasota County Utility and Water The IAS has a series of penneable zo~ and Departments, and private consultants' reports. confining units, Water quality in the zones depends on Ground-water quality and the potential for seawater the hydrogeologic setting, flow dynamics, well intrusion in coastal Sarasota County between Osprey construction, and pumping stresses on the aquifer and Englewood were determined from water collected system. The confining units of the IAS limit from wells open to the SAS and !AS. movement of water between the various permeable zones. Many production wells are open to several permeable zones of the lAS, allowing for an Description of the Study Area interchange of water with significantly different water . quality properties. Consequently, potable water in The study area is about 1,400 mi2 and includes upper zones can be degraded by saline water from Sarasota County and pam of Manatee, De Soto, I deeper permeable zones. Wells with corroded casings Charlotte, and Lee Counties (fig. 1). The areal extent also can allow interchange of water among the zones. of the study area was selected by evaluating the ,. The withdrawal of ground water from production hydrogeologic framework and defining the landward wells near the coast increases the possibility of lateral extent of the Venice Clay, a membef of a confining seawater intrusion because of the proximity to the unit in the upper part of the !AS. A smaller part of the seawater/freshwater interlace at the coast Intense study area in southwest Sarasota County, between pumping of an upper permeable zone also can cause Osprey and Englewood and to the east in the general upconing of water with higher dissolved solids from vicinity of the Myakka River, was selected for lower permeable zones. evaluation of ground-water quality, seawater intrusion, A better understanding of the hydrogeology of and a general discussion of ground-water flow. the SAS and the lAS is needed to evaluate the effects The study area liea in parts of the Gulf Coastal of pumping on the entire aquifer system. Because of Lowlands, the lagoons and barrier chain, and the De insufficient hydrogeologic infonnation of the Soto Plain, all minor divisions of the Florida central or · CyleneMcPeeks:..ciJ~9C3e()I()Jll~al Survey Rpt. 96-4063.tif ,. HARDEE COUNTY ______J ______ i. I 27"00' CHARLOTTE COUNlY EXPLANATION GROUND-WAlER QUALITY STUDY AREA -·BOUNDARY OF STUDY AREA WAL- roN leST WELL MID NAME q § 1p MILES 0 5 10 KILOMETERS [:;;:~. ,• ·. I I I ! I meridian ·83"00' Figure 1. Location of the study area. ground-water quality study area, and test wells. . Introduction • I . I ~ylene McPeeks -U.S Geologk:ai_E)urv.=ey~R:;:p~t.-=9.:::6_-4;_;:0_:::6_:::3_::.ti::_f ______~~ Page1oil midpeninsula physiographic zone described by White other Miocene sediments into three discrete aquifer (1970). Land-surface altitude ranges from sea level zones. Tbe hydregeology and water quality of the three along Gulf coastal regions to over 100ft above sea discrete aquifer zone system of the Tamiami Fonnation .., level in southeast Manatee County. The area is charac and Miocene sediments were further described by terized by gradually sloping plains and terraces Joyner and Sutcliffe (1976) for Sarasota County and formed in shallow marine environments by advances partS of Manatee, Hardee, De Soto, Charlotte, and Lee and retreats of the sea during Tertiary and Quaternary Counties. Geraghty and Miller (1974, 1975) periods. Most inland areas are dry upland habitats with investigated the hydrogeology of the "water table an assortment of palustrine forested, scrub-shrub, or aquifer'' and the ''upper artesian aquifer'' at the Verna pi.Iustrine emergent wetland habitats (U.S. Fish and well field in northeast Sarasota County, the Wildlife Service, 1985). The area is marked with hydrogeology in centtal Sarasota County at the springs and karst features including, sinkholes, depres MacArthur tract (1981), and at Venice Gardens (1985), sions, and relict-sink lakes. where the !AS was tenned the "secondary artesian aquifer." Wo1ansky (1978) reported the hydregeology of the unconfined aquifer in Charlotte County. In Previous Investigations Brown's reports of the water resources of Manatee County (1981) and the Manasota basin (1982), he ~ Early reconnaissance reports of Florida before the ('·" called part of the lAS the "minor artesian aquifer." In mid-1980's, which described geology or gronnd water in the study by Sutcli1fe and Thompson (1983), in the the study area, reported the surficial or intermediate Venice-Englewood area. Sarasota and Charlotte aquifer systems in geologic or hydraulic tenns. These Counties. the hydrogeology and water quality of five proposed descriptions and Jllllllell for the surficial and aquifer zones were described for the surficial, intennediate aquifer systems as hydrogeologic units intennediate, and Upper Floridan aquifer systems. were acknowledged by the Soutbeas- Geological Society (1986). Tenninology for the SAS has generally A report by Wolansky (1983) describing the undergone few changes and has usually been called the hydregeology of the Sarasota-Port Charlotte area non-artesian aquifer, unconfined aquifer, water-table divides the Miocene and lower Pliocene sediments aquifer, or the surlicial aquifer. into two hydrogeologic units called the lower Hawthorn-upper Tampa aquifer and the Tamiami - Descriptions of sediments of the lAS by investigators have undergone a progression of upper Hawthorn aquifer. These two hydrogeologic terminology. Stringfield (1936, p. 131) combined the units are called the "intermediate aquifers," and I lAS with the Floridan aquifer in his investigation of correspond to the upper two permeable zones of the artesian water in Tertiary deposits of the southeastern present day !AS.In a study of the hydregeology of the States and refened tu both as "the nutin body of Vema well field in Sarasota County, Hutchinsnn water."ln 1966, Stringfield described the geology in (1984) also used Wolansky's terminology for the Florida and called the lAS the ''local artesian aquifers" Miocene and lower Pliocene sediments of the lAS. of middle Miocene and younger aged sediments. Campbell reported the geology of Sarasota County Parker and others (1955, p. 189) defined the Hawthorn (1985a) and De Soto County (1985b ). A water supply and Tamiami Formations as the "Florida aquiclude." and development stody by Dames and Moore (1985) Peek (1958) completed the first detailed geologic that included hydregeology of centtal Sarasota County study of Manatee County, noting that the Hawthorn (Ringling-MacArthur Reserve) notes a "secondary Formation serves as a confining bed for the Floridan artesian aquifer" within the Hawthorn and Tampa aquifer. Clark (1964) investigated the hydrelogic Limestone. Duerr and Wolansky (1986) reported the ; conditions near Venice, Fla.. and called the upper hydregeology and water quality in the surlicial and Hawthorn sediments the ''first and second artesian intermediate aquifers in central Sarasota County aquifers," an early attempt to distinguish individual (Ringling-MacArthur Reserve). I·~'):%'· permeable zones of the lAS. Since 1987, the USGS has published biannual Later, investigators began describing the lAS as potentiometric-surface map reports of the !AS in I an aquifer system with discrete permeable zones. southwest Florida. Potentiometric surfaces are Sutcliffe (1975), investigating the water resources of contoured based upon Wolansky's (1983) two Charlotte County, divided the Tamiami Formation and permeable zones of the !AS. Reports show general 4 Hydrogeology of the Surtlclal•nd lntermed'-te Aquifer Systttms In S.raaca mel AdJ.cent Countlu, Florida! --~-~~Page11 head relations, but insufficient areal coverage and drilled in 1991 by the USGS for geologic ... composite·head data have resulted due to a paucity of reconnaissance. At all three test wells (fig. 1), single permeable-zone head data. The first effort to continuous sediment and core samples were collected map the areal extent and upper and lower bounds of using split-spoon (upper 10 to 30ft) and wire· line the lAS was in a study of the geohydrology and water techniques. The Carlton Reserve, South Venice, and withdrawals of the aquifer systems in southwest Walton test wells were drilled to depths of 580, 701, Florida by Duerr and others (1988). Lithostratigraphic and 304 ft below land surface, respectively. The work by Scott (1988) lead to an accurate Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells understanding of the Hawthorn sediments and penetrated the UFA, and the Walton test well was subsequent revision to group status. The SWFWMD completed into the lAS. The Carlton Reserve test well (1990) presented ground·water quality results in was converted into a 4-in. monitor well with an open Manatee, Hardee, Hishlands, Sarasota, De Soto, and hole interval of 175 to 190ft below land surface. Charlotte Counties of water samples from wells open Personnel from the FGS and USGS provided to the surficial, intermediate, and Upper Floridan lithostratigraphic and paleontologic descriptions from aquifer systems; all water-quality data from IAS wells, samples collected at the test wells (Campbell and however, were reported as composite data because others, 1993; Wmgard and others, 1995). The FGS some wells were open to several permeable zones. conducted laboratory tests on selected cores of the Hutchinson (1992) assessed the hydrogeology of Carlton Reserve and South Venice wells using falling southwest Sarasota and west Charlotte Counties, and head permeameters to detennine vertical hydraulic reported On water quality of samples from springs and conductivities. Borehole geophysical data were wells open to the lAS and Upper Floridan aquifer; collected at the three test wells by the USGS. some water-quality data were of samples from wells Correlation techniques were used to construct open to several zones of the lAS. hydrogeological sections across the study area. The Infonnation about the hydraulic properties of data acquired during this study were used to construct the SAS and !AS was also obtained from reports by isopach maps of the surficial, intennediate, and Upper CH2M Hill (1978), Post, Buckley, Schuh, and Florida aquifer systems. At the three test wells, depth Jernigan (1981, 1982a, and 1982b), and AJdaman and intervals of hydrogeologic units were detennined and Associates, Inc. (1992). Hydrogeologic and well correlated with lithologic descriptions and signatures construction data from the SWFWMD Regional on the geophysical logs. Correlations subsequently Observation Monitoring Program (ROMP}, Water were made with log data from other wells on the ResoW"Ces Assessment Program (WRAP), Quality of section line. Head data from 15 ROMP sites and 1 Water Improvement Program (QWIP), and FGS well were used to define the depth intervals for information from the data·resources, water·use, and well-permitting departments were also used. permeable zones and confining units of the IAS; however, head data were interpreted with caution because of well construction techniques and seasonal Methods for Describing the Hydrogeology head changes that occurred during drilling periods that sometimes exceeded 6 months. Files of the USGS, SWFWMD, FGS, Sarasota Other well data used in the correlation of County, and consultants' reports were the sources of hydrogeologic units included reliable lithologic lithologic, hydranlic, borehole geophysical, and head descriptions from core or cutting samples, geophysical data From all the well data available, 61 wells were logs, and heads collected during drilling. Natural selected to evaluate the hydrogeologic properties of gamma and electric logs were used to establish the SAS, Venice Clay, and the permeable zones and geophysical profiles for the SAS and lAS. The most confining units of the IAS in the study area. comprehensive data for defining the Venice Clay were The areal extent of the permeable zones of the from the Carlton Reserve, South Venice, and Walton lAS has not been determined. In 1992, the Carlton test wells, and from ROMP sites 22, TR 5-1, and TR Reserve and South Venice test wells were drilled by 7-2. Samples of the Venice Clay at these sites were age the FGS to collect hydrogeologic data that could be dated by fossil identification, and mineral content was used to provide benchmark information for the SAS, analyzed by x-ray diffraction in samples at the three Venice Clay, and the lAS. The Walton test well was test wells. Selected data from the key wells, presented Introduction 5 r~y~~~eMcPeeks -USGeological_~ur:vey Rpt 96-4063.tif UTHOLOGY NATURAL GAMMA-RAY ELECTRIC RESISTIVITY SEALEVEL -:::..._~ ~~ _:;:: VENICE CLAY ~ ·~-~ ~ -~-- ~ "" ~- ~ ;, 9 :f-:- ..w ... a: 0 w > 300 Pl:l ..~ o-w w ~ .. 400 ui c ''> "t: -~--:-:-- ~ 500 UFA ;~ ''I" 000 COUNTS PER SECOND EXPLANATION D s.nd • C1aylolft [£] Phoo- !'22 lAS oonfining unO • LlmHWno ·---[£) Chen § lAS pormoablo =• ond numbo< SAS Surllclal equiler system PZ1 Penneai:Hzone 1 PZ2 Penneable zooe 2 PZ3 Permeable zone 3 lAS lntennedla• aquifer ayatem UFA Upper Floridan aquHer Figure 2. Uthologlc, hydrogeologic, and geophysical data at the Carlton Reserve test well. in figures 2-4, include lithology, hydrogeologic unit. Amleto A. Pucci, Lafayette College, Baston, Pa., who head, and borehole geophysical logs. also advised on core-squeezing, water sampling, and laboretocy analytical techniques; Roger Quick, Englewood Water District; Robert Money, Plantation Acknowledgments Utility; Steven E Park, City of Venice; and Betty The author gratefully acknowledges the support Thomas, Venice Gardens Utility, for providing of the SWFWMD and Sarasota County. SBiliSOta production-well and water-quality data at the respective County and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers allowed well fields; George Ulrich, USGS, retiree, who the drilling of test wells on their properties. Special voluntarily assisted in identifying lithologies at the test thanks are extended to the following individuals: Frank wells. Thanks also are given to the many residents in T. Manheim. USGS, for providing the core-squeezing Sarasota County who allowed water samples to be apparatus and technieal advice on sampling methods; collected from their wells. The author is grateful to I Hydrogaology of the Surficial and Intermediate AquHer Syt~lams In S.ruota end Adjac.rt CountiM, Florkle · CXIen~ McPeeks-l):~.Geological Survey ~t. 96-4063.tif UTHOLOGY HYDROGEOLOGIC NATURAL GAMMA~RAY ElECTRIC RESISTIVITY UNIT ~- :---vENICE CLAY C?' '-··----= J ~~ :f PZ3 :!- '1-., \?--- 100 I COUNTS PEA SECOND EXPLANATION Os.n• • Dolool<>no • Clay/oill W Phoophate i2.a lAS confiring ..,;, • Umoo1000 @] Chert ~ lAS permeable zone end number SAS SUrficial aquifer ayalam PZ1 Permeable zone1 PZ2 Pnneablezone 2 PZ3 Permeable ZOM 3 lAS lntannedlate aquifer aysllllm UFA Upper Floridan aquifer Figure 3. uthologlc, hydrogeologic, and geophysiCal data at the South Venice test welt. Jonathan D. Arthur and Thomas M. Scott. Florida records. vertical hydraulic conductivities, and Geological Survey, for their insightful comments and hydraulic properties of the SAS and lAS are listed in technical review of the Florida geology. table I. HYDROGEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK Surficial Aquifer System The surficial and intermediate aquifer systems. a The SAS consists of permeable, unconsolidated, series of unconsolidated and consolidated marine clastic sediments and some locally consolidated basal sediments from the land surface downward are more carbonates that range in age from Holocene to than 700 ft thick in the study area. The hydrogeologic Pliocene. The sediments are composed of fine to units in these sediments range in age from Quaternary medium quartz and phosphatic sand, clayey sand, clay, to early Tertiary. The hydrogeologic framework of the sandy clay, shells, limestone, and dolostone, and study area i~ presented in figure 5, The locations of 10 become increasingly phosphatic and clayey with hydrogeologic sections are shown in figure 6 and the depth. Carbonate sediments usually are components of sections are shown in figures 7-16. A summary of well deeper aquifers, but when clay and confining materials Hydrogeofoglc Framework 7 ' Cyl~ne McPeeks -U.S Geological SurveyRpt.:_3l_64_:..::.06:c3:c.c..:ctif ___ ~ Page~~1J HYDROGEOLOGIC UTHOLOOY UNIT NATURAL GAMMA-RAY ELECTRIC RESISTIVITY 100 0 100 200 OOUNTS PER SECOND EXPLANATION 0Sanct • Ooloo- • Claylollt 0 - ~ IAScon ...... unn @_]Chert ~ IAS-zcnoond"""'""' s~ Surldel aquifer •vr*fn ·u--PZ1 Perrr.able zone 1 P2'2 permeatjezone 2 PZS Pe~zana3 lAS lnlel'rnel:la .. aquifer system UfA Upper ROI'Idan aquifer Figure 4. Lithologic, hydrogeologic, and geophysical data at the Walton test well. are not present. the carbonates may be part of the base from 150 to 1,800 tt2id, and in western and of the SAS. The SAS is contiguous with land surface northwestern Charlotte County from 1,340 to greater and extends to the top of laterally extensive and lhan 3,340 fl'ld (table 1). Storage coefficients in vertically persistent sediments of much lower Sarasota County from aquifer tests at two wells in the permeability (Southeastern Geological Society, Carlton Reserve and the Vema well field 2E7 range 1986). Data collected during this study indicate that from 0.1 to 0.19. Horizontal hydraulic conductivity the SAS ranges in thickness from a few feet to more values from 15 wells in Sarasota County range from 2 lhan 60 ft (fig. 17). X 10·3 to 159 ft/d and in western and northwest Sediments of the SAS have a wide range of Charlotte County ranges from 47 to 60 ft/d. hydraulic properties because of variations in grain size and texture. porosity, depositional environment, and The water table of the SAS generally follows degree of fluid saturation. Previous investigations land-surlace topography; however, the water table show the hydraulic properties vary considerably varies in altitude seasonally because of recharge from across the study area (table 1). Transmissivities from precipitation and the effects of pumping. The water aquifer tests at eight wells in Sarasota County range table is generally 0 to 5 ft below land swface, and is at 8 Hydrogeology of the Surflcl•l•nd lntermedl•te Aquifer Systeme In Ser.. ot• and AdjiiCent Countfu, Florkta Holocene Unconsolidated to weakly Ane to medium quartz and phospluttic Surlicial aquifer Surlicial Quatemazy and indurated clastics sand, claJ Hiocene Undifferentiated deposits Tamiami Rmna.tion Arcadia Inter- Miocene Formation, Hawthorn mediate 3 Fossiliferous limestone aquifer Tertiacy Group l. and dolostone, quartz and system phosphatic sand, and clay Tampa Upper Member Oligocene Nocatee Member' fussiliferous limestone and dolostone, some Upper Suwannee limestone, clay and quartz sand; Roridan aquifer Floridan some tmces of phos- Lower aquifer Oligocene phate near top system ' Based on nomenclature of Southeastern Geological Society ( 1986). 'Based on nomenclature of Scott (1988). 'Baaed on age detennination by Covington (1993), Missimer and othera (1994), Scott and othera (1994), Wingand and otheiS (1993), and Wmganl and others (1995). Figure 5. Hydrogeologic framework in the study area ------...... ····..,...------:------_:; .. 'U Ill "'CD •F>a9e.161 land surface where surface-water bodies such as lakes, phosphatic sand, silt, clay, fossils, and accessory streams, and swamps exist. minerals. The confining unit below PLl consists primarily of clay with varying percentages of quartz and Intermediate Aquifer System phosphatic sand, silt, and accessory minerals, chert, and low penneability sandstone and carbonates. The lAS "includes all rocks that lie between and Within this confining unit and sometimes composing collectively retard the exchange of water between the the entire confining unit (figs. I 0 and 16) is the Venice overlying surficial aquifer system and the underlying Clay (fig. 5). The na.miVcnice Clay was probably first Floridan aquifer system" (Southeastern Geological used by Joyner and Sutcliffe (1976), and later by Society, 1986, p. 5). Three Illl\ior permeable zones are Sutcliffe and Thompson (1983), and Miller and recognized within the study area (fig. 5). Permeable Sutcliffe (1985) to describe a previously unnamed clay zones I, 2, and 3 (PZl,PZ2, PZ3), respectively, are in unit. No outcrops of the Venice Clay exist, but the upper, middle, and lower parts of the lAS. The presumably, below-water-surface exposures are zones are distinguished as separate units by present at about 50 ft below land surface in Warm intervening confining units, and by differences in Mineral Springs in southern Sarasota County (about water quality and water levels. The major permeable 9 mi northeast of Englewood) where Pleistocene to zones of the complex lAS may be thick sequences of Miocene sediments arc exposed along the open spring permeable sediments, or successive layers of vent wall. permeable and semi-permeable sediments that For this study, the Venice Clay is defined as a function as a single hydrogeologic unit. Boundaries of green to gray, magnesian clay composed of illite the major permeable zones and their confining units smectite, sepiolite, and palygorskite with little or no also may transverse cbronohorizons (sediments of the quartz, phosphate, or carbonates. Due to sampling same age). Some layers of clastic or carbonate techniques, previous descriptions may have included sediments within major confining units are more materials in contact above and below the Venice Clay. permeable and are capable of producing small The USGS conducted x-ray diffraction analyses of quantities of water to wells than other layers of Venice Clay samples from the Carlton Reserve, South • sediments; however, the layers may be thin or not Venice, and Walton test wells. Analyses showed that i areally extensive, and incapable of sustaining long the primary components of the Venice Clay are term ground-water withdrawals. magnesian clays composed of illite-smectite, sepiolite and palygorskite, containing little or no carbonate or Lithology and Aga quartz (Lucy McCartan, USGS, Reston, Va., written commun., 1992). The Venice Clay possesses swelling Sediments of the lAS in the study area include properties; several core samples collected at the South '····· fossiliferous limestone and dolostone, quartz and Venice test well expanded about two times the length phosphate sand, clayey sand, clay, sandy clay, and of the collection interval upon removal from the core chert, ranging in age from Pliocene to Oligocene barrel. Substantial amount& of quanz, phosphate, and (fig. 5). The relation between the stratigraphic and carbonates were Observed in sediments suprajacent hydrogeologic units shown in figure 5 is developed and subjacent the Venice Clay. Mixing of the Venice based on limited lithologic control in the study area Clay with these sediments during previous sampling and is, the~·efore, subject to change with more data. could explain earlier descriptions of the Venice Clay The confining unit below the SAS, the upper as being dolomitic. confining uni~ is the top of the !AS (fig. 5). The upper Geophysical data can indicate lithologic confining unit consists mostly of clay with varying characteristics of the sediment&. Natoral gamma and percentages of quartz and phosphatic sand, sil~ electric geophysical log data for 3 wells are given in carbonates, and micro- to macrofossils, and sometimes figw"es 2 to 4. The Venice Clay is identified on the dense, low-to-very-low-permeability carbonates. natural gamma log at the area of low intensity. Natural Permeable zone 1 lies below the upper confining unit gamma radioactivity is relatively low (25-30 counts (fig. 2) and consist& primarily of limestone, dolostone, per second) in the Venice Clay because of low or no and sand with varying percentages of quartz and phosphate content 10 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lnterm~~dl.te Aquifer Systems In Seruota and AdJacent Counties, Florida I C)l!e_rteMcPeeks- U.S Geological Survey Hpt~~6-406.-=3c.:.t:.cif ______~~~--~~~- Based on FGS and USGS evaluations of the Counties (fig. 19). Permeable zone 1 may exist in cores from the Carlton Reserve, South Venice, and eastern Charlotte and Lee Counties, although the extent Walton test wells and lithologic data from selected of it in those counties was not determined during this wells, Scott (1992) proposed that the Venice Clay be study. This is generally the thinnest permeable zone of recognized as a member of the Arcadia Formation, the !AS, averaging 80ft or less (fig. 19). Where Hawthorn Group. The Venice Clay previously was present, PZl always overlies the Venice Clay. defined as the basal part of the Tamiami Formation. Permeable zone 2 extends throughout the study Paleopalynologic evaluations of Venice Clay samples area and beyond, ranging in thickness from 20ft to from the Carlton Reserve, South Venice, Walton, ROMP 22, and TR 5-1 wells by Lucy E. Edwards greater than 190ft (fig. 20); the zone is thickest in (USGS, Reston, Va., written commun., 1994); eastern and southern Sarasota, and eastern Manatee Wingard and others (1993) reported the presence of Counties. Permeable zone 2 is always below the dinoflagellate assemblages that range in age from Venice Clay. early or middle Miocene. Permeable zone 3 extends throughout most of Permeable zone 2 underlies the confining unit the study area except in northern and eastern Manatee that contains the Venice Clay (fig. 5) and is composed Couoty (fig. 21); it probably extends beyond the study primarily of limestone and dolostone with varying area to the south. Thickness ranges from 0 feet in percentages of quartz and phosphate sand. silt, clay, central and western Manatee County to greater than fossils, and accessory minerals. The confining unit 300ft in southwest Sarasota County. Permeable zone 3 below PZ2 is composed primarily of clay with varying is generally the thickest permeable zone of the lAS in percentages of quartz and phosphate sand, sil~ and the study area. dense, low-to-very-low permeability carbonates. Upper, lower, and intervening confining units Permeable zone 3 underlies the confining unit always separate the permeable zones of the lAS. In below PZ2 (fig. 5) and is composed primarily of some locations however. the various confining units limestone and dolostone, and varying percentages of merge and function as a single confining unit (figs. 7- quartz and phosphate sand, silt, clay, fossils, and 16). This condition is most prevalent in the northern accessory minerals. The confining unit below PZ3, the lower confining unit, is the base of the lAS. The lower part of the srudy area. where penneable zones narrow confining unit is composed of clay with varying progressively to extinction in Manatee County. The percentages of quartz and phosphate sand, silt, and result may be very thick confining units between thin dense, low-to-very-low penneability carbonates. permeable zones. The upper confining unit generally is thickest in the southern part of the study area, Areal Extent and Thlckneaa ranging in thickness from about S to 150ft. Various middle confining units that separate PZl, PZ2, and The !AS exists throughout the eotire stody area; PZ3 range in thickoess from about IS to 240ft, however, some hydrogeologic units of the system arc depending on whether or not they merge with other not areally extensive. The lAS is thinnest in Manatee confining units. Because the Venice Clay is an County and thickest in County, ranging in Lee important hydrogeologic unit, it is delineated as a thickness from 221 to 745ft (figs. 7-16). The altitode discrete unit within the study area. The Venice Clay is of the top of the !AS can be extrapolated from the SAS a convenient marker bed that separates PZl from PZ2; thickness map (fig. 17); for example, where the SAS is the Venice Clay's stratignlphic position helps drillers 20 ft thick, the top of the !AS is at 20 ft below land surface. The bottom of the lAS coincides with the top to locate these zones. The Venice Clay occurs in of the UFA and ranges in altitude from less than 300 to southern and western Manatee, Sarasota, western De grester than 700ft below sea level (fig. 18). Soto and western Charlotte Counties. and probably Structurally, the !AS and its associated hydrogeological extends under the Gulf of Mexico (fig. 22). The Venice units have a gentle slope and dip one degree or less Clay ranges from 0 to 29 ft thick and averages about generally toward the south in the study area. II ft thick. The lower confining unit, generally Permeable zone 1 is not extensive throughout the thickest in the southern part of the study area and study area but exists in a part of western Manatee, where it merges with middle confining units (figs. 7-9, southern and western Sarasota. and western Charlotte 16), ranges in thickness from about 10 to 240ft. Hydrogeologic Fn11nework 11 [cylene McPeeks- u sGeologicaiSurvey Rpt ~6=""=06:::3~.t"'it___ ~------~-~~-- Hydraulic Properties 10·10 ftld noted above were from samples that did not saturate in the penneameter after 31 days or more; the The lAS is a heterogeneous unit because of sediments have very low hydraulic conductivity, and local variations in sediment composition and depositional environments, and in the diagenetic the values should be used with cautioli. Vertical (physical, chemical, and biological) processes that hydraulic conductivity for the confining units above have altered those sediments since they were and below penneable zone 3 at well TR 5-2 were deposited. As a result of these variations, hydraulic 0.1 ftld and 10 ftld, respectively, and were estimated properties of the hydrogeologic units of the !AS vary by model simulations (Hutchinson and Tromrner, greatly among and also within hydrogeologic units. 1992). Hydraulic properties of the lAS reported by previous investigators were sometimes determined from wells Geologic Faulting that were open to several permeable zones. Only values representative of discrete penneable zones and Geologic faulting has been reported in the lAS confining units are given in table 1. and the UFA (Hutchinson, 1992) in southern parts of the study area and may have important implications The principal hydraulic properties summarized in If in table 1 for the permeable zones and confining units for ground-water quality and movement the !AS. are transmissivity,leakance coefficient. storage faulting extends into the !AS, results could include: coefficient. and vertical and horizontal hydraulic 1) breaks in confining units and direct paths for conductivities. Some values of leakance coefficients upward flow of ground water from lower permeable for variow confining units arc given as values for a zones; 2) major permeable zones may be in direct permeable zone reported by other investigators; their contact with each other and water quality of one intent was to report leakage away from the permeable permeable zone may he affected by the chemical zone. Permeable zone 1 has transmissivities ranging properties of water in an adjacent permeable zone; and from 1,100 to 8,000 tt2td,leakance coefficients 3) conduit flow may occur and natural ground-water ranging from 3.6 x Hr' to 1.2 x w-1 (ft/d)lft. and flow rates and directions may differ from estimates storage coefficients ranging from 1.6 x Io-5 to 6.5 x derived from aquifer tests and model simulations that 10·4. Few hydraulic conductivity values are available assume porous media flow. Hutchinson (1992) for permeable material in any of the major permeable presents evidence for an east-west fault extending ' zones. except on the Carlton Reserve tract where r' from the lower lAS to the base of the Suwannee horizontal hydraulic conductivity for two wells in PZl Limestone in southern Sarasota and northern Charlotte ranged from 17'to 56 ft/d; the wells were reported to Counties. Based on observations during this study, be SAS wells •. but well construction data suggest these faulting appears to extend into the upper parts of the wells are open to PZl. Permeable zone 2 has lAS between the South Venice and TR 4-2 wells and transmissivities ranging from 200 to 5,000 'ttl!d, 5 nearby areas (fig. 7). The Venice Clay gently slopes in leakance coefficients ranging from 2 x 10· to 1.1 x the study area usually from O.oJ to 0.1 degree. in 10"3 (ft/d)/ft. and storage coefficients ranging from 6 X 6 southern Sarasota ColUlty a slight deviation of the to 6.2 X w-4• Permeable zone 3 has w- slope to about 0.3 degree between the wells may be an transmissivities ranging from 5,600 to 15,400 ft?-1~ indication of faulting that extends to shallow depths. One reported leakance coefficient of 3.5 X l!f' (ft/d)/ft. The South Venice well is on the down-thrown side. and Storage Coefficients ranging from 8.5 X 10-$ tO 6.4 and the TR 4-2 well is on the up-thrown side of the x 104 . All hydraulic conductivity values for sediments from the three test wells constructed during the study fault described by Hutchinson (1992). The Venice were detennined by the FGS using a falling-head Clay appears to he at the expected depths. Data from permeameter. Vertical hydraulic conductivity values wells near TR 4-2. although not included in the section for confiniug material within PZl, PZ2, and PZ3 in the lines, were used to corroborate depths of the Venice three test wells ranged from less than 3.6 x Hr10 to 2.4 Clay and showed inconsistency with the expected fault x w-3 ftld. Vertical hydraulic conductivity values of displacemenL Although not conclusive evidence, the the various confining units between PZI. PZ2, and depths of the Venice Clay at these wells suggest PZ3 ranged from I X 10"3 to less than 3.6 X 1tr 10 ft/d. additional fault lines or more complex faulting has The hydraulic conductivity values of less than 3.6 x taken place in the region north of Englewood. 12 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lntermedla Aquifer Sy•tllm. In Saruotll and Adf-"' CounltM, Florida I"C:¥1Eln_e McPeeks -U.S Geological SurveyRpt. 96-4063.tif Page 19] GROUND-WATER USE The SAS yields freshwater, which is used primarily for public and domestic supply, and lawn In coastal southwest Sarasota County, ground and agricultural inigation. Because of low water withdrawals from individua1 aquifers is reported transmissivity of the SAS and because most wells are to the SWFWMD by major pumping centers and small in diameter, withdrawal rates usually are less permitted users, to aid the evaluation of water quality than SO gal/min. If the wells are located close to the and ground-water flow in that area. Ground water is coast, withdrawal rates are intentionally decreased to primarily used for domestic, agricultural irrigation, reduce the possibility of seawater intrusion. Use of and public supply. A large part of ground-water use in water from the SAS varies among the communities in southwest Sarasota County is for public supply. Major the study area depending on the availability of other pumping centers are defined by this report as water sources. In Englewood and areas to the south, community potable water systems that pumped the SAS is used mostly for public and domestic 50,000 galld or more. The water systems were either a supply; north of Englewood, the SAS is used more utility company with a consolidated network of extensively for lawn and agricultural irrigation. Water production wells, or a municipality with several from the SAS usually requires treatment to remove dispersed well fields. Many private wells used for dissolved solids" The lAS yields larger quantities of domestic supply in southwest Sarasota County pump freshwater than the SAS or the UFA, although the less than 50,000 gal/d. In 1992, there were four major UFA yields larger quantities but with greater pumping centers in southwest Sarasota County that concentrations of dissolved solids in southwest produced 50,000 galld or more from either the SAS or Sarasota County. Water from the lower part of the lAS the lAS for public supply (fig. 23 and table 2)" is more saline than water in the upper part; Average daily withdrawal rates for 1992 ranging from consequently, community potable water systems and about 90,000 to 4,038,000 galld from these pumping other public facilities use desalinization or reverse centers are shown in· table 2 (SWFWMD, written osmosis processes to treat the water. commun., 1993). The ~or pumping centers, due to development preferences and population density in southwest Sarasota County, have been constructed GROUND-WATER QUALITY within 5 mi of the Gulf of Mexico. Ground-water quality was evaluated in this Table 2. Ground-water withdrawals from the surficial and study over a 1SS-mi2 area of coastal southwest intermediate aquifer systems at major pumping centers, southwest Sarasota County, 1992 Sarasota CoWlty between Osptey and Englewood, and [Major pumpina: <:e11tcr1 are commnnity potable wateJ aupply l)'lteml at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells where accumul.awi JtOUOd-water pumpage excccdcd 50.000 pl/d iD. 1992. (fig"!); this was done because of potential grouud Withdrawal rates weM Mported as avaqc values (Southwest Florida Wlllcr Man~t District data filea). SAS, surfldal aquifer ty11em; lAS water degradation from upconing-and lateral intrusion PZI, intermedi.llle aquifer system, permeabLe zone 1; lAS PZ2, iPtcnoedl.· of seawater. Southwest Sarasota Colutty had a ate aquifer :system. pcrmcable zone 2; lAS PZ3, iutamedilte aqWfer sy:s tcm, penncable zone 3; Jal/d, sallcml per day] sufficient number of wells in which water could be sampled and evaluated from discrete permeable zones; other parts of the study area lacked the required data Englewood Water District: sites. Lateral intrusion of seawater in Florida's aquifer ...... Well field 1 SAS 93,000 systems within this century has become a derivative of ...... Well field 1 lAS pzJ 90,400 coastal metropolitan development, and Sarasota ...... Well field 2 IASPZ1 103,100 County is no exception. GrouDd-water withdrawals ...... Well field 3 IASPZl 722.400 from the lAS in the county also have caused upconing ...... Well field 4 IASPZ3 1,6SS,300 of saline water from the UFA. Ground-water flow in the lAS in the study area at most times has an upward Plantation Utility IASPZ3 278,900 :Dow componen~ and consequently, pumping from one aquifer allows water in the next lower aquifer to move ~,, City of Venice well lield IASPZ2 27,000 IASPZ3 4.038,000 up through the system at a faster rate. Deeper hydrogeologic units are the source of vertically Venice Gardens Utility IASPZ2 268,100 intruded water containing higher dissolved-solids . IASPZ3 2,176,100 concentration. ·I···· Ciround-Water Quality 13 l [cylen~ Me Peeks - U.S Geological Survey Rpt.. 96-4063. til Page 20j Constituents that included chloride, sulfate, and collected from cores dwing drilling of the test wells. dissolved-solids concentrations, and temperature, pH, The purpose of collecting the samples was to evaluate ; and specific conductance nieasurements were used as interstitial water quality in confining material and to precursors to evaluate lateral seawater intrusion from demonstrate the capacity of a pore-squeezing 1.{ the Gulf of Mexico and upconing of saline water from apparatus to extrude water from sediments in Florida. :.,;: the UFA into the !AS. In order to characterize the The pore-squeezing technique aiul apparatus used in !·· ground-water quality in southwest Sarasota County this study were adapted from techniques used in the between Osprey and Englewood, 96 wells open to the petroleum industry and described by various SAS, and-individual permeable zones and confining investigators including Swarzenski (1959), units of the lAS were sampled from June to November Lusczynski (1961), Manheim (1966), Manheim and 1993 (fig. 24). others (1985), Pucci and Owens (1989), and Pucci and Only water from wells open to discrete others (1992). permeable zones as defined by this study was sampled. The pore-squeezing apparatus used in this study Well records and ground-water quality data for 96 included a stainless-steel hollow cylinder (3 in. in wells (26 SAS, 23 I'Zl, 28 PZ2, and 19 PZ3 wells) are length by 2.5 in. in diameter) with matching piston, given in table 3. Water samples from 85 of these wells, seals, gaskets, and a 0.45 Jllll filter. A small sediment including five SAS wells drilled by the USGS using a sample, about 1.5 in3, was taken from the interior of solid-stem auger rig in areas where data were not the unconsolidated core material immediately upon available, were collected by USGS personneL During removal from the well bore, inserted into the cylinder, the period June to November 1993, the USGS, using and pressed into the chamber by the piston. A pnxluction pumps, water taps, and portable centrifugal mannally cranked bar-clamp was used to apply the and submersible pumps, collected one water sample force needed to extrude interstitial water from the core from each of the 85 wells. Water samples were sample in the apparatus into a polyethylene tube or collected after 2 to 3 casing volumes of water were collector syringe. Volumes of water collected from evacuated and field measurements had stabilized. each core sample ranged from 3 to 14 mL. Extraction Field measurements included temperature. pH, and times ranged from S to SO minutes. specific conductance. Water samples were then sent to Water samples were analyzed by the USGS the USGS Water-Quality Laboratory, Ocala, Florida, Ocala Laboratory for cations, anions, iron, strontium, and analyzed for chloride, sulfate, dissolved solids, nitrogen, hardness, specific conductance, pH, and and nitrogen. Seleeled water-quality data for samples alkalinity. No field measurements were made. from 11 wells, qollected and analyzed by private Standard laboratory analytical procedures and induced sources, also were evaluated and are given in table 3. coupled plasma/mass speetrometry methods were The water-quality data were evaluated with respect to used. Water samples were collected from eight core secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCL) of samples at the Carlton Reserve test well and 6 samples the recommended secondary drinking-water regula at the South Venice test well. Some analyses were not tions (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1988) made when limited volumes of sample water were for chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids as follows: available; laboratory alkalinity and pH measurements were perfonned only on water from the Carlton Reserve test well. Alkalinity concentrations for the &econ-,. mulmum South Venice test well were not analyzed by field or contaminant level laboratory titrations, but were approximated by Chloride 250mg/L calculating the difference between cations and anions in milliequivalents per liter and converting to Dissolved solids 500mg/L milligrams per liter of calcium carbonate. Sulfate 250mg/L Water samples were collected from the lAS at Surficial Aquifer System selected intervals of clay within the major permeable zones and from the confining units between major Most of the 26 SAS wells from which water permeable zones at the Carlton Reserve and South samples were collected produce water with chloride Venice test wells (fig. 24). The water samples were and sulfate concentrations below U.S. Environmental 14 Hydroo-olagy of the SUrflol• and lnlonnedlate Aquhr ay.t;erM In s.ruata •nd AdJ•cent Countl.., Florida i I I ey!~r1e_M<;:Peeks- U.S Geological Survey Rpt. 96-4063.tif Page 211 Protection Agency (USEPA) recommended secondary bicarbonate, calcium sulfate, or sodium chloride type drinking-water regulations SMCL (figs. 25 and 26). (Hutchinson, 1992), although water of other types About half the water samples eXceeded the SMCL for exists in the study area. Water from the lAS is slightly dissolved solids: all water samples analyzed except saline with chloride and dissolved-solids one have dissolved-solids concentrations greater than concentrations generally increasing with depth. Water or equal to 300 mgiL and specific conductances in the lAS in most parts of the water-quality study area greater thao 500 mg!L (fig. 27). Nitrogen is not suitable for drinking without treatment because 'concentrations were also analyzed in water from wells the water exceeds the SMCL for dissolved solids open to the SAS. Nitrogen (NOz+N03) concentrations (USEPA, 1988). from most samples were less than the detection limit of laboratory analytical equipment (less than Permeable Zone 1 0.02 mg!L). The pH of SAS water ranged from 4.8 to 8.9. Water in the SAS is usually acidic due to contact Twenty-three wells open to PZl were sampled with carbon dioxide in the air and sediments; however, during the study (table 3). The distribution of chloride, some SAS water is alkaline because of dissolution of sulfate and dissolved-solids concentrations, and accessory shell and calcium materials. Temperatures specific conductance measurements in PZl are shown of the water samples ranged from 23.6 to 32.4°C. in figures 29-32. Chloride concentrations ranged from Wells within 2 mi of coastal or estuarine 45 to 1,520 mg/L. Sulfate concentrations ranged from environments have concentrations of chloride, sulfate, less than 0.2 to 1,200 mg/L. Dissolved-solids and dissolved solids that approach or exceed the concentrations ranged from 431 to 3,410 mg/L. USEPA recommended secondary drinking-water Temperatures ranged from 23.6 to 28.1 °C. The pH regulations. Water from wells in the study area more raoged from 6.6 to 7 .8. Specific conductances ranged than 2 mi from coastal or estuarine environments from 674 to 5,250 VS/cm. Chloride conoentrations usually had chloride and sulfate concentrations within exceeded USEPA regulations at five wells (index nos. the recommended limits. Water samples from the SAS 103, 107, 164, 168, and 169), sulfate at five wells in the central region of the water-quality study area (index nos. 90, 93, 164, 176, and 183), and dissolved had dissolved-solids concentrations less than solids for all wells except for three wells (index nos. 500 mg/L. The dissolved-solids concentrations greater 97, 105, and 188). than 500 mg/L that were detected more than 2 mi Wells at or near coastal and estuarine inland were in an area centered around major pumping environments and major pumping centers generally centers that include the Englewood Water District, produce water that exceeds USEPA regulations for Plantation Utility, and the City of Venice well fields chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids (figs. 29-31). (fig. 27). Coastal aod estuarine areas occasiooally are Water from PZl wells within 2 mi of coastal and subjected to short durations of flooding by high tides estuarine environments usually exceeded USEPA that result in inundation by sea water with high regulations for chloride and sulfate; wells within 5 mi dissolved-solids concentrations. Inlets, creeks, and had dissolved-solids concentrations greater than canals allow further contamination by seawater into 500 mg!L. Water from PZl wells that were 2 mi or areas beyond coastal margins. Chloride concentrations more from coastal and estuarine environments had on some barrier islands such as at the CaspersOn specific conductance measurements that were less than Beach well (fig. 25; index no. 10) may be less thao 1,000 V.Sicm; some of the highest specific expected due to local recl>arge. Detectable nitrite plua conductance measurements (table 3) were in water nitrate nitrogen concentrations (0.09 to 0.85 mgJL. from wells at or near coastal or estuarine environments table 3) in water from four wells may be due to (fig. 32). fertilizers in inland areas, or natural concentration Chloride. sulfate, and dissolved-solids levels in coastal areas. concentrations have been determined for water samples from welll64 (EWD EPZ 9) since 1987 (fig. 41). Although a variety of sampling techniques Intermediate Aquifer System have been used by the Englewood Water District personnel over the years. the effects of varying Ground water from wells tapping all permeable pumping rates are also apparent. Concentrations of zones of the lAS is predominately calcium chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids are relatively Ground-Water Ou•lty 15 Page22.. l stable when pumping rates are low, but increase during Water from many multiple-zone wells in the study periods of increased pumping (Roger Quick. the area can have local or regional effects on water Englewood Water District, Oral commun., 1993), such quality. An example of possible local effect is water as in 1991. Water from the area around the EWD well from wel174 (table 3 and figs. 33-35) which had field generally exceeds the USEPA regulations for higher than expected concentrations of chloride, chloride and dissolved solids (figs. 29 and 31). In the sulfate, and dissolved solids, and high specific area of the Englewood Water District well fields, high conductance. A well with high dissolved-solids chloride and sulfate concentrations probably result concentration, about 400ft away from well 74, may be from a combination of lateral seawater intrusion and open to PZ2 and deeper permeable zones, thus upconing of saline water from deeper permeable allowing saline water to enter PZ2 and into well 74. zones. Water quality at some pumping centers can High chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids fluctuate widely due to changes in withdrawal rates concentrations in ground water from an area centered from the pumping wells. Long-term concentrations of at the Venice well field could be related to lateral chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids in water from seawater intrusion induced by pumping. Pumping three wells open to PZ2 are shown in figures 42-44. from PZ2 and PZ3 in the Venice well field (table 3) Well locations are shown in fig. 24. Increases in may also cause upconing of saline water that migrates concentrations of chloride. sulfate, or dissolved-solids into PZl because of an upward hydraulic gradient concentration in water from Venice Gardens (VG 9) and Plantation MW4 coincided with increases in Permeable Zone 2 pumping rates on one or more occasions. Data from Moat of the 28 PZ2 wells evaluated and sampled VG 9 (index no. 185, figs. 33·35) and MW4 (index no. are in the northern half of the study area; few wells 182, figs. 33·35) indicate that water-quality changes in open to PZ2 were available in the southern half of the inbmd areas probably are the result of upconing of I area. Chloride concentrations in water from these saline water from deeper aquifer units. At the wells ranged from 48 to 4,920 mg/L. Sulfate Southbay lftility well PZ2 (fig. 44) both lateral concentrations ranged from 16 to 1,600 mg/L. seawater intrusion and upconing probably are ' Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 316 to occurring due to elevated wncentrations of chloride, 10,300 mg/L. Temperatures ranged from 24.4 to sulfate, and dissolved oolids. • 27.5 •c. The pH ranged from 6.5 to 7.7. Specific conductances ranged from 515 to 15,100 !15/cm. Permeable Zone 3 Chloride concentrations exceeded USEPA regulations at five wells (index nos. 56, 74, 108, 192, and 194, Nineteen wells tapping PZ3 were sampled in the table 3 and fig. 33), for sulfate from all except 9 wells northern half of the study area. Wells in the water (index nos. 70, 97, 146, 158, 182, 185, 187, 197, and quality study area used for public supply commonly 221, table 3, and fig. 33), and for dissolved. solids from are not completed in PZ3, except for those wells used all except 3 wells (index nos. 182, 185, and 193, table for reverse-osmosis treatment and agricultural 3, and fig. 34). irrigation, because the water has high concentrations Concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and of sulfate and dissolved oolids. Chloride dissolved solids generally are highest along the coast concentrations ranged from 33 to 4,200 mgiL. Sulfate and at major pumping centen (figs. 33·35). Lateral concen1rations ranged from 388 to 2,500 mg/L. intrusion of seawater probably takes place in coastal Dissolved-solids concentrations ranged from 1,120 to regions. Wells located more than 2 mi from coastal or 7,700 mgiL. Temperatures ranged from 25.6 to estuarine environments generally have concentrations 28.40C. The pH ranged from 6.4 to 7 .5. Specific of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved solids less than cenductances ranged from 1,347 to 10,370 flS/cm. USEPA regulations. Maps showing conoen1rations of Chloride concentrations in water samples exceeded water-quality parameters indicate upconing of saline USEPA regulations for drinking water for all except water from PZ3 in the Venice well field. six wells (index nos. 109, 112, 114, 123, 124, and 308, High concentrations of dissolved solids in table 3 and fig. 37). Sulfate and dissolved-solids inland areas is due to the interchange of water among concentrations in water from an the wells exceeded several permeable zones through multiple-zone wells. the standards. 16 Hydrogeology of the Suri'kliiiiMd lntermed.... Aquifer ay._,.,.ln Saruotli and Ad)Mient Countle-. Florida lcylene McPeeks- U.S Geological Survey Rpt. 96-4063.tif Pase231 ~-~~----- "-'~ -~--~·-··· ·-·····-· ·~··~· ~· -~--·------~------· :...... ~~~~ Water with the highest concentrations of ing unit through the upper part of penneable zone 2, a chloride and dissolved solids was generally from wells magnesium bicarbonate type in the lower part of per in the southern part of the study area (figs. 37 aud 39). meable zone 2, and a calcium sulfate type in perme However, sulfate concentrations were much lower in able zone 3 through the lower confining unit (:fig. 51). the southern part of the area Specific conductance ' Water from the lAS at the South Venice test well is a measurements of more than 2,000 J.LS/cm were calcium bicarbonate type in the upper confining unit common in water from wells in the study area between permeable zones 2 and 3, a sodium-magne (fig. 40); the distribution of specific conductance sium chloride-bicarbonate type in the lower part of the followed the same pattern as concentrations of confining unit between permeable zones 2 and3, and a dissolved solids. calcium sulfate type in penneable zone 3 (:fig. 51). Water in PZ3 has naturally higher Chloride, sulfate, and hardness concentrations, concentrations of chloride, sulfate, and dissolved and specific-conductance values generally increased solids than water in PZl and PZ2 in the study area. with depth in the !AS at both test wells (table 4 aud Pumping from PZ3 causes lateral seawater intrusion in figs. 49-51). At both test wells, chloride concentra coastal regions and upconing from the UFA, resulting tions were below the USEPA SMCL in all evaluated in increased mineral concentration. Plots of chloride, hydrogeologic units of the lAS. Whereas most sulfate sulfate, and dissolved·solids concentration from 1983 concentrations were below the SMCL in PZ2 and to 1994 for water from four wells open to PZ3 are upper zones at both test wells, sulfate concentrations shown in figures 45~48. In southern Sarasota County, of 270 aud 280 mgiL were detected in water from the chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations Venice Clay at the Carlton Reserve test well. The in water from EWD RO Production well1 (index no. highest sulfate concentrations at both test wells were 147 in table 3 and figs. 37-39) generally increased detected in water at depths below PZ2. The higher from 1983 to 1993. Pumpage from PZ3 at the chloride, sulfate, and hardness concentrations, and I Englewood Water District well field 4 increased from specific conductance in the lower penneable zones can i_· about585 Mgalld in 1983 to about 1,358 Mgal/d in be attributed to upward ground-water flow from the 1993 (a 132-percent increase). The increases in UFA at both test wells, and also to lateral flow due to chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations proximity to the Gulf of Mexico at the South Venice at the Englewood Water District RO Production well1 test well. Specific conductance measurements ranged - in late 1992 aud early !993 ""'probably due to a between 920 and 2,120 J.IS!cm at the Carlton Reserve pumpage increase at the Englewood Water District test well and 550 aud 2,080 ).lS/cm at the South Venice well field 4 from 1.4 ,Mgal/d in September 1992 to test well; the highest specific conductance measure 1.9 MgaUd in January !993 (EWD data files). ments were in water from PZ3 at both test wells Monthly fluctuations of chloride, sulfate, and (table 4 aud figs. 49-51 ). Generally, the water is in dissolved-solids concentrations water from slightly acidic or slightly alkaJinc at the Carlton Plantation MW3 (fig. 46), Sarasota County Utilities Reserve test well and pH ranged from 6.3 to 7 .9. Iron PZ3 (fig. 47), and Soutbbay Utilities PZ3 (fig. 48) are concentrations were usually less than the USEPA similar to concentration changes in water from well SMCL (0.3 mg!L) at both test wells, but were EWD RO 1 (fig. 45) and probably are related to 1.1 mgiL in permeable zone 2 and 0.4 mgiL in the changes in pumping rates. lower confining unit at the Carlton Reserve test well. Strontium concentrations, ranging from 1,200 to carlton Reserve and South Venice Tnt Wella 14,000 11g1L at the Carlton Reserve test well, aud 620 Comparisons were made between chloride. sul to 13,000 l!g/L at the South Venice test well, increased fate, and specific conductance data for water samples with depth, but some exceptions were detected. Nitrite from the lAS at different intervals in each borehole plus nitrate showed no discernible trend with depth; (figs. 49 aud 50). Major-ion diagrams for water sam concentrations as nitrogen ranged from 0.14 to ples from the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test 2.8 mgiL at the Carlton Reserve test well and less thau wells are shown in figure 51 and the data are shown in 0.02 to 0.42 mgiL at the South Venice test well, and table 4. were always below the USEPA SMCL (10 mg/L). Water from the lAS at the Carlton Reserve test The chemical composition of water samples well is a calcium bicarbonate type in the upper confi.n- from various depths in lhe two test wells was also com- ~¢y~neMcPeeks -U.SGeological survey ~R~p~t:_:·9:::6~-4:::0:::6~3:.:.ti~f -~~-----~~ Page 241 pared to the composition of water from other wells ta_p-. completely understood in the study area due to ping the same hydrogeologic units. Although the insufficient head data for discrete penneable zones of Carlton Reserve test well is slightly east of the water the lAS. quality study area (fig. 24), chloride, sulfate, and spe Water withdrawn from the lAS Will probably cific-conductance values for water from the Carlton result in changes in the chemical composition and Reserve test well were similar to or slightly lower than availability of the grouud water. The ability of ground the values for water from well70 inPZ2 and wells 114 water managers to detect these changes can be and 124 in PZ3 (tables 3 and 4). Chloride, sulfate, and enhanced by the use of numerical models. Conceptual specific-conductance values at the South Venice test ground-water fiow models, used to design numerical well were similar or slightly lower than values for models, may sometimes use simplified assumptions regional PZI and PZ3 water (tables 3 and 4). about the hydrogeology. U the hydrogeology is complex, as in the case of the lAS in the study area, more complex assumptions should be employed. The GROUND-WATER FLOW following assumptions should be considered when numerical models are used to evaluate ground-water Ground-water flow, described for the lAS in the :Bow of the lAS in the study area: study area, occurs under confined conditions. I. The !AS is heterogeocous. Although this study : i!lif Horizontal ground-water flow through the !AS in the shows that a broad range of hydraulic properties ~,, study area is generally from northeast to southwest, as exist for major penneable zones of the lAS, val ' indicated in the composite potentiometric surface ues reported by this and previous reports appear maps in May and September 1993 (fig. 52). Data used reasouahle and could he used for modeling pur to define head altitudes on the potentiometric maps poses. were from wells open to all or only parts of the lAS. 2. Two or three major permeable zones of the lAS The seasonal low (May) and high (September) water exist in the study area. The lAS should be evalu level periods, typical for the study area are also sho~ ated as a multilayer :Bow system. illlliliilllii in figure 52. The potentiometric surface ftuctuates in 3. Permeable zones 1 and 2 are only several tens of ~ response to hydraulic characteristics of the sediments, feet thick in some areas; thus, pumping may have rechaxge, dischaxge, and pumping stresses. A recharge a greater effect on water-level drawdowns in area can be defined as that part of a ground-water flow these areas. Models should be designed that con system that has downward head gradients, whereas a sider the effects of ground-water withdrawals discharge area has upward head gradients. A two from major pumping centers that withdraw dimensional conCeptual model of the flow system, 50,000 gaVd or more. shown in figure 53, represents a discharge area of the 4. Major permeable zones of the lAS have unique lAS in southwest Sarasota County. All lAS confining water chemistry. Different concentrations of dis units in the study area allow verticalleakance. Most of solved solids in the zones are important if parti the study area is in the discharge area of the lAS. cle-tracking simulations are performed. Some parts of the study area in Manatee, Hardee, and 5. Adequate head data of major permeable zones of De Soto Counties may be recharge or intermittent the lAS are lacking in the study area because of discharge areas of the lAS. nonuniform distribution of monitor wells. Obser The !AS has vertical grouud-water fiow in the vation wells outside the study area also are study area. An upward flow in the major permeable needed for the collection of head data. Head data zones of the lAS results in hydraulic heads that are necessary for evaluating model assumptions. generally increase with depth in the study area. The boundary conditions, water budgets, and ground general head relation between the SAS, !AS, and UFA water :ftuxes in and out of the aquifer units. at ROMP 1R 5·2 in Sarasota County is shown in figure 54. Head data from the wells shown in figures 2-4 indicate a gradual head increase in the !AS with SUMMARY depth, and so-. significant head increases occur when major permeable zones are penetrated during Demand for grouud water for public, industrial, drilling. Water-level relations betweeo the SAS, major agricultural irrigation. and domestic use has intensi permeable zones of the lAS, and the UFA are not fied the need to uuderstand the hydrogeology of the 18 Hydrogeology of the SUrftclal Md lntllrmed.._ Aquifer Syatema In SarMOIII Md AdJacent Countilla, Florida A E C H A R G E LAND SURFACE .. ~ ~ • WATER TABU! ········------~~~------·····AQUlf'Ea·····------·-·sy~-----···------ INTERMBDJATE AQUIFBR SYSTEM PERMEABLE ZONE I _, CONPI:NINO UNIT+ VENICE CLAY .. z IN'TERMBDIATE AQUJPBR SYSTEM HORIZONTAL PBRMEABLBZONB2 ~ - J: F!.OW 1;, .. OONFINJNO UNIT 0: c Q I z HORIZONTAL FLOW ::> ~ Q • INTERMBDIATB AQUIFER SYSTEM " PBRMEABLBZONB 3 ~v HORlZONTAL ... FLOW '~----:.,UPPERFLORIDANAQUIFER - -- ~------~ Figura 53. Two-dimensional conceptual model of the intennedlate aquHer system, southwest sarasota County. (The section is part of hydrogeologic section H·H', figure 14, from the Bay Indies well to the Carlton Reserve test well.) Summary 18 surficial and the intermediate aquifer systems in south County indicate that ground-water withdrawals from west Florida. The surficial, intennediate, and Upper major pumping centers have caused lateral seawater Floridan aquifers are the milin aquifer systems in Sara intrusion and upconing into the surficial and interme sota County and neighboring counties. ln southern diate aquifer systems. Sarasota County and counties to the south, limited Water-level data indicate that horizontal flow in supplies of potable water can be pumped from the the intermediate aquifer system is northeast to south surficial and intermediate aquifer systems. west. Most of the study area is in a discharge area of An investigation was conducted in southwest the intermediate aquifer system. Data from this study Florida from 1991 to 1995 to evaluate the hydrogeo indicate an upward heatl gradient in the intermediate logy of the surficial aquifer system and the major per aquifer system, where heads increase with depth. meable zones and confining units of the intermediate aquifer system in a 1,400-square-mile area that includes Sarasota County and parts of Manatee, De SELECTED REFERENCES Soto, Charlotte, and Lee Counties. Lithologic, ge 20 Hydrogeology af the Surficial ancllrd81"1Mdl... Aquifer Syat.ma In s.ruotli •nd AdJac:.nt CountJ .., Florict. I I r~~tleneMc~- us <3eolo9ical surveyRpt. 96-4663 tit regions, Proceedings of the third Ba1d Head Island Lusczynski, N.J., 1961, Filter-press method of extracting Conference on Coastal Plains Geology: Florida water samples for chloride analysis: U.S. Geological - Geological Survey Special Publication 37, p. 43-44. Survey Water-Supply Paper 1544-A, 8 p. Dames and Moore, Inc., 1985, Water supply development Manheim, F.T., 1966, A hydraulic squeezer for obtaining project, Ringling-MacArthur Reserve: Consultant's interstitial water from consolidated and unconsolidated report in the files of Sarasota County. sediments: U.S. Geological Professional Paper SSO-C, Duerr, A.D., Hunn, J.D., Lewelling, B.R., and Trommcr, p. 256-261. J.T., 1988, Geohydrology and 1985 water withdrawals Manheim, F.T., Peck, E.E., and Lane, C.M., 1985, of the aquifer &ystems in southwest Florida, with Determination of interstitial chloride in shales and emphasis on the intennediate aquifer system: U.S. consolidated rocks by a precision leaching technique: Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal, October 1985, Report 87-4259, liSp. p. 704-710. Duerr, A.D., and Wolansky, R.M., 1986, Hydrogeology of Mi1ler, R.L, and Sutcliffe, lL, Jr., 1985, Water-quality and the surficial and intermediate aquifers of central hydrogeologic data for three phospbale industry waste Sarasota County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey disposal sites in central Florida, 1979-80: U.S. Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4068, 48 p. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Geraghty and Miller, Inc., 1974, A reconnaissance appraisal Report 81-84, 77 p. of the water potential of the upper artesian aquifer at Missimer, T.M., McNeill, D.P., Ginsbmg, RN., Mueller, the Vema well field, Sarasota, Florida: Consultant's P.A., Covington, J.M., and Scott, T.M., 1994, Cenozoic report in the files of Sarasota County. record of global sea level events in the Hawthorn Group and Tamiami Formation on the Florida --1975, Ground-water resources of the Vema well platform: Abstract, Geological Society of America, field, Sarasota, Florida: Consultant's report in the files Annual Meeting, Seattle, Wash., Program with of Sarasota County. Abstracts, p. A-1.51. --1980, Hydrogeologic investigation of the upper Mularoni, R.A., 1994a, Potentiometric surface~ of the aquifer systems in the Venice Gardens area, Phase I intermediate aquifer system, west-central Florida, May and Phase IT: Consultant's report to the Florida 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-34, Department of Environmental Regulation, file no. 1 sheet. UOS8-11672S. --1994b, Potentiometric surfaces of the intermediate --1981, MacArthur tract hydrologic and water-supply aquife.r system, west-antral 'Florida, September 1993: investigation, Phase I: Consultant's report in the files U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-80, of Sarasota County. 1 sheet. --1985, Construction and testing of the injection well Parker, G.G., Ferguson, G.B., Love, S.K., and othen, 1955, at Venice Gardens': Consultant's report to the Florida Water resources of southeastern Florida, with special Department of Environmental Regulation, file no. reference to the geology and ground water of the UDS8-90S9S, 25 p. Miami area: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Hutchinson, C.B., 1984, Hydrogeology of the Verna well Paper 1255, 965 p. field area and management alternatives for improving Peek, H.M., 1958, Oround-wal.er resources of Manatee yield and quality of water, Sarasota CoUnty, Florida: County, Florida: Florida Geological Sunrey Report of U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources InvestigaDons No. 18, 99 p. Investigations Report 84-4006, 53 p. Post, Buckley, Schuh, and Jernigan, Inc., 1981, Aquifer test --1992, Assessment of hydrogeologic conditions with engineering report, The Plantation, Sarasota County, emphasis on water quality and wastewater injection, Florida: Consultant's report to the Florida Department southwest Sarasota and west Charlotte Counties, ofEnvironmenlal Regulation, tile no. UOS8-109386. Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper --1982a, Test of second utesian and Floridan aquifers, 2371, 74p. City of Venice, Sarasota County, Florida: Consultant's Hutchinson, C.B., and Trommer, J.T., 1992, Model analysis report in the files of the City of Venice. of hydraulic properties of a leaky aquifer system, --1982b, Floridan aquifer test engineering report, The Sarasota County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Plantation, Sarasota County, Florida: Consultant's Water-Supply Paper 2340, p. 49-62. report in the files of the Plantation Utilities. Joyner, B.F., and Sutcliffe, H., Jr., 1976, Water resources of Pucci, A.A, and Owens, J.P., 1989, Geochemical variations Myakka River basin area, southwest Florida: U.S. in a core of hydrogeologic units near Freehold, New Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Jersey: Ground Water, November-December 1989, Report 76-58, 87 p. v. 27, no. 27, p. 802-812. Select.d Refenncn 21 I Cylene McPeeks - u s Geological survey Rpt 96-4063.tif F>agezai Pucci, A.A., Ehlke, T.A., and ·owens, J.P., 1992, Confining Swanenski, W.V., 1959, Determination of chloride in water unit effects on water quality in the New Jersey Coastal from core samples: American Association of Plain: Ground Water, May-June 1992, v. 30, no. 3, Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 43, no. 8, p. 1995- p. 415-427. 1998. Ryder, P.D., 1982, Digital model of predevelopment flow in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1988, Secondary the Tertiary limestone (Floridan) aquifer system in maximum contaminant levels (section 143.3 of part west-central Florida: U.S. GeolOgical Survey Water 143, National secondary drinking-water regulations): Resources Investigations Report 81-54, 61 p. U.S. Code ofFedenll Regulations, Title 40, parts 100 Scott, T.M .• 1988, The lithostratigraphy of the Hawthorn tq_149, revised as of July I, 1988, p. 608. Group (Miocene) of Florida: Florida Geological U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985, Wetlands and Survey Bulletin 59, 148 p. deepwater habitats of Florida: U.S. Fish and Wildlife --1992, Neogene lithostratigraphy of the Florida Service National Wetlands Inventory, 1 sheet. peninsula-problems and prospects: The third Bald U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Aquifer test at Manatee Head Island Conference on Coastal Plains Geology, Junior College, Venice, Florida: U.S. Geological Abstract volume p. 34-35. Survey Open-File Release, in files of the U.S. Scott, T.M., Wmgard, G.L, Weedman, S.D., and Edwards, Geological Survey, Tampa. Florida. L.E., 1994, Rcintelprctation of the peninsular Florida --1986, Aquifer test at ROMP TRS-2, Sarasota Oligocene: A multidisciplinaJy view: Abstract, County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting, Release, in files of the U.S.Geological Survey, Tampa, Seattle, Wash., Program with Abstracts, p. A-151. Florida. Southeastern Geological Society, 1986, Hydrogeological White, W.A., 1970, The geomorphology of the Florida units of Florida: Florida Bureau of Geology Special Peninsula: Florida Bureau of Geology Bulletin 51, Publication 28, 9 p. 164p. Wingard, G.L., SUgarman. PJ., Edwards, L.E., McCartan, Southwcat Florida Water Management District. 1990, L.E., and Feigenson, M.D., 1993, Biostratigraphy and Ground-water quality of the Southwest Florida Water chronostratigraphy of the area between Sarasota and i. Management District: Southern region: Brooksville, Lake Okeechobee, southern Florida: An integrated 351 p. approach: Geological Society of America, Abstracts --1994, Florida Administrative Code: Rules of the with programs, v. 25, no. 4, 78 p. Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wmgard, G.L., Weedman, S.D., Scott, T.M., Edwards, L.E., • Chapter 40D-2, Pan 2.041, Consumptive Use of and Green, R.C., 1995, Preliminary analysis of W---Pcmrits Requirod, p. 2-2. integrated stratigraphic data from the South Venice Stringfield, V.T., 1936, Artesian water in the Florida corehole, Sarasota County, Florida: U.S. Geological Peninsula: U."S. Geological Water-Supply Paper 773-C, Open-File Roport 95-3, 129 p. p. 115-195. Wolansky, R.M., 1978, Feasibility of water-supply __ 1966, Artesian water in Tertiary limestone in the development from the unconfined aquifer in Charlotte southeastern States: U.S. GeolOgical Survey County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water Professional Paper 517, 226 p. Resources Investigations Report 78-26, 34 p. Sutcliffe, H., Jr., 1975, Appraisal of the water resources of --1983, Hydrogeology of the Sarasota-Port Charlotte Charlotte County, Florida: Florida Geological Survey area, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Report of Investigations 78, 53 p. Investigations Report 82-4089, 48 p. Sutcliffe, H., Jr., and Thompson, T.H., 1983, Occurrence Wolansky, R.M., and Corral, M.A., 1985, Aquifet tests in and usc of ground water in the Venice-Englewood area, west-central Florida, 1952-76: U.S. Geological Survey Sarasota and Charlotte Counties, Florida: U.S. Water-Resources Investigations Report 844044, Geologico! Survey Open-File Report 82-700. 59 p. 127p. 22 Hydrogeology of lhiiSurtlcill .,d lntermedlale AquW.r SystarM In Satnota and AdJacent CounUea, Florldli I Cylene McPeeks -U SGeolo9ical Survey Rpt 96-4063. til Pa9e29l ------t------0 I MANAlEE COUNTY HARDEE COUNlY ---"\"'~;;;;;.--.!'ow, 13727G' DE SOTO COUNTY H' W-588.5 J' "'"' CHARLOTTE COUNTY A 0 EXPLANATlON ~~a A-A' HYDROGEOLOGIC SECTION UNE ~ ~ 0 'IR 3-3 WELL AND NM1E ~ 26"30' ql-~---'-'~__.!11p MIL£8 ~ 0 5 10 Kll.OMETERS 1,;;:,:'!;!',!!! Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Albers Equal-area Conic projection Standard Parallelt 29D30' and 4S030', central meridian -83W i Figure 8. Location of hydrogeologic sections In the study area. Flgur.. 23 lcyien~-r.1~Peeks -.u SGeological surveyHpt 96-4063.tif A ~ A' ., " ~- '<1,:: :0 ~ " " :0 m g, w [" '"z .. ~ g,S ~ o! ~ ;;: ~lg' ~ ., g,8 "' ~I§ ~ :0 :0 ~ w ;j ~~;! "' ~ "< ~~~~ ~ .... e ~ g e ~ a ;;; "0 'I m ~ ~ ~iii ~ !I~ ~ FEET ~ ~ ~ ~ ~!., ~ ! ~ ~ ~ 1!! 100 " SEA LEVEL 100 200 300 400 soo BOO 700 800 VERnCAL SCALE GREATlY EXAGGERATED 0 5 10 MILES EXPLANATION 0 5 10 KILOMETERS Ill Surficial aquifer system Data used for Interpretation: tntermeclate aquifer system (1) Uthologlc log (2) Garrwna log 0 Confining lA"'It (3) Eleclric log ,. • Venice Clay (4) Head I' • Permeable zone 1 • Penneablezone 2 • Permeable zona 3 II Upper Floridan aquHer • - - Estimated Figure 7. Hydrogeologic section A-A: In southwest Florida. (Una of section is shown In figure 6.) 24 Hydi'Ogllology of the Surficial and lnlltrmedlate Aquifer Sy-.na In Blil'li*Ota Mel Adf~~eent Countin, Florida B B' " £ ~ ~ "± ::. ::. "~ z ":;: 'l ;;: z a 0 ;; ;;: ~ l £ z ti 0 w ~ i w z ·g ~ g ,.. 'r " !!1. § 8~ ~ tl !l! ,; "~ ~ ~ "z !!1. z ~ w o; !!1. " ~ !!1. "'"' N ~ g ~ ~ m I< ~ ~ "z " ~ FEET ~ "' II I .. ~ 10 ~ ~ ~ :0 100 " SEA LEVEL 100 200 300 I 400 i .. 500 -' 600 700 0 5 10 MILES I EXPLANATION 0 5 10 KILOMETERS j?' IJJI Surficial aquHer system Data UHd for interpretation: ,,,, I,.,. lntannedlate aquifer II)'Stem (1) U1hologlc log (2) Ganvna log D Confining unit (3)El-log Venice Clay (4)Head • Permeabla zone 1 • Permeable zone 2 • Permeable zone 3 Upper Floridan aquhr Ill--- •... _ ... Figure 8. Hydrogeologic section B-B' In southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.) ;' ' I .. Figure• 25 I. c §: c• ~ ~ 'I "'z " "' Q f ~ [ t; w §: z w " z Q !2 " "'~ £ . z t; ~ og,z ·18 Q w a iz ~ !2 ii' a: !2 N "' ::> N N i .. ~a: ;:; ~ lf"' I "'a: ..~ Ul !: 100 ( SEA LEVEL 100 200 300 400 500 ~ 600 I 700 ! BOO VEAnCALSCALEGREATlYEXAGGERATED 0 5 10 MILES 1---~----' EXPLANATION 0 5 10 KILOMETERS Ill Surficial aquifer system Data used for Interpretation: Intermediate aquifer aystem (1) Lithologic log (2) Gamma log D Confining unit (3)Eiectrlclog Venice Clay (4) Heed • Permeable zone 1 • Permeable zona 2 • Permeable zone 3 •Upper Aorldan aquifer • Estimated Figure 9. Hydrogeologic secUon C-C' In southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.) 26 Hydrogeology of th• Surflolal and lntermedlale Aquifer Syatam•ln su.. ota and Adjacent Countie., Florldll [cyieneMcPeeks - us. Geologic~! Survey Rpt.. 96-4063. til D' D ~ ij"~"' "''" xt; ",;_ ~ ~ »l E w z-~ ~ 6 ~ ~" § ~ ~ ~ ~ t; z Ill fl =- !! 8: § ~ ~;8 ""~ ~ ~ !! =- ~ " ~ ~ ::0 !g ~ ~ I b 5! ~ t:olw 2 "',_ 100 SEA LEVEL 100 200 300 'I 400 500 • 800 700 BOO EXPLANATION • surficial aquifer system Data uaed for Interpretation: (1) Uthologlc log lntermedla18 aquifer system (2) Gamma log D Coofining unit (3) Eleclric log • Venice Clay (4) Head • PermB8blezone 1 • Permoablezone 2 • Permeable zone 3 • Upper Floridan aquifer --- Estimated Figure 10. Hydrogeologic section 0.0' In southwest Florida. (Line of section is shown ln figure 6.) I Flguru E E' ~ :::."' ~ ;;: :::. ~ ~ 0 ;;: !! Q ~ g !! ~ z 0 z ~ Q z s (} t; w ~ ~ § ~ !!!. l!l. :::."' !!!. gj l!l. N ~ ~ ~ .. w~ "' FEET .. !!: !!: "' ~ "5! 100 " SEA LEVEL 100 200 ~ ~ 300 400 VEA.TICAL SCALE OREATLY EXAGGERATED 0 5 10 MILES EXPlANATION 0 5 10 KILOMETERS Ill Surficial aquifer syatem Data used lor Interpretation: Intermediate aquifer system (1) Lllhologlc log (21 Gamma log 0 Confining unit (3)E-.:Iog • Vank:o Clay (4) Head • Permeable zona 2 • Permeable zone 3 1111 Upper Rorldan -r • - - Estimated Figure 11. Hydrogeologic section E·E' In southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.) [S:yiene r'll~£'~eks_~~u sGeologicai .. Survey Rpt 9s-4063.tif Page 351 F p :; "! ~ :::. "':::. c~ "':::. .,;;: 3 0 l .. z i!i i!i § §: .:g w~ § w :1: 8iw e w e 0 ~:::. !rl z ;;; e e ~ N ~ ~ ~ :z w li§i!l; a: a: li' !o':!: "'0 ...... "' ~ i'i a: •! VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED O 5 10 MILES EXPLANATION 0 • 10 KILOMETERS flfl Surficial aquifer system Data used lor Interpretation: lntennedlate aquifer system (1) Uthologlc log (2) Gamma log D Confining unit (3) Electr1c log • Ven.,.Ciay (4) Head • Permeable zone ~ • Permeable zone 2 • Permeable zone 3 • Upper Floridan aquifer • -- EaUma1ed Figure 12. Hydrogeologic section F~P in southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown in figure 6.) Figures 28 , Cylene McF'eel G ;;: ;;: G' c~ '1: 2z c Q z ~ "- ~ ""' '! iii' ~ < .. !!!. ~ z z ~ !!!. Q Q VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED 0 5 10 MILES EXPLANATION 0 5 10 KILOMETERS • SUrficial aquifer syatem Cata used tor lntarpretaUon: Intermediate aquifer ayatem (1)~1og (2) Gamma log 0 Confining unH (3) Eleclrio log • Venice Clay (4) Head • Penneablezone 1 ...... """' . I·· • Pennaablezona3 • Uppa• Flooldan aqu,_ · -- Estimated I ! Figure 13. Hydrogeologic eectlon G..Q' In southwest Florida. (Une of section'' shown In figure 6.) 30 Hydrogeology of lhll SurfloiaJ .nc:llnaermed'-te Aquifer ay.tems In Saruotll and AdjiiCIInt CounUH, Fkttldll H ; H' ~., @: .. .. " N ~ g ~" iz § ~ w il ~ ~ § w !rl ; w ~ "' ~ ~ !2 "'w z ·~ ~ ~ >::.~ w "'z 0 "'i5 "'!5 "'., 3J w g " w :: ~ w 0 .. § ~ 0 0"' ! "' ~ "' .VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED 0f.--.,---'5--,--_.:.;10 MILES aJ SUrficial aquifer system EXPLANATION 0 • 10 KILOMETERS Intermediate aquifer system Data used for interpretation: Confining unlt (1) l.J1holo Figure 14. Hydrogeologic section H-H' in southwest Florida. (Una of section Is shown In figure 6.) I CyleneMcPeek~:_.~.s Geological surveY:Rf>i. 96-4663t.it I' ::. '<: "' ~ "'- .. ::. "' ..z 0 ::. q l ~ "'9 z z 0 i. " 0 ~ z ··8 §g:. "w 300 .... 500 800 700 EXPLANATION 0 5 10 KILOMETERS II Surficial aquifer system i Data l.l88d for Interpretation: Intermediate aquifer system (1) Lllhologlclog ~- 0 Cooflnlng unit (2) Gamma log (3)Eioetllclog ' • llenlceCJay ! (4)- i • Pe...... ,zone, ; • Permeable zone 2 • PermeableZ Figure 15. Hydrogeologic section 1-1' in southwest Florida. (Une of section Is shown In figure 6.) 32 Hydrogeology of the Burflclal•nd lntwmeclr.t. Aquifer Sy-.n. In S..sota and Adf.cent Counties, Florida I cy1ene Me Peeks :-u.s Geological survey R.pt 96-4663. tit J J' '< "' ~ ~ "oi ~ g ~ "'z z ~ 0 0 ~ !; !; "! ~ ~ w w !2 !2 !2 "' a ::! ;;;"' ;;; !::; ::1 a: a: §! :;! FEET >- >- I!' ! 100 SEA LEVEL i 100 I! 200 300 400 500 - 600 700 600 VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED 0 5 10 MILES I--.--'-~---' ~~~ SurfiCial aquifer system EXPLANATION 0 5 10 KILOMETERS lntenned"iate aquifer system Data used for Interpretation: (1) U1hoJoglc lag 0 Confining unit (2) Gamma log • Venice Clay ...... _.....,., (3) Elaclr1c lag . (4)-d • Permeable zone 2 • Pennaablezone 3 IIIII u..,.. Flo'clan aqulfe< • -- Estimated Figure 18. Hydrogeologic sec:tlon J-J' In southwest Rortda. (Une of section Is shown in figure 6.) Figura 33 ··Pae4b.il...... \L ...... '. ------t------1 HARDEE COUNlY L---·------J·-·---0 I DE SOlO COUNTY 27'00' CHARLOTTE COUNTY • I EXPLANATION -30·· GENEFW.JZEO UNE OF EQUAL 1HICKNESS OF lHE SURACIAL AQUIFER SYSlEM··Im&Nalla 10 feet. Dashed '6hen!l approximate. ..,. HachunNI Indicate thinner beds ~ :-'-'_ 26"30' 1 ' ~ 5 10 MILES 0 • 10 KIWMElERS Base from U.S. Geological Surwy digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Albers Equal-area Conic projection Standard Parallals29"30' and 45"30', central meridian ·83000' Figure 17. Generalized thickness of the surficial aquifer system In southwest Florida. 34 Hydrogeology of the SUrfldlillndlntermedlate Aquifer Systems In Saruota .nd Adjacenl Countin:, Florida I, Cylene McPeeks -U.S GeologicalSurveyRpl.96-4063tif ------t------ HARDEE COUNTY I I' ,L------~------I I I ------.1I ! DE 8010 COUNTY I CHARLDTIE COUNlY ~0~ 0 0 LEECOUNlY EXPLANATION <1""0 -.sao- GENERAUZED UNE OF EQUAL AL.TTTUDE OF THE BASE OF TilE INlERMEDIAlE PQUIFEA SYSTEM-~0 In feet belOW sea. lew!. lnt&MIII '\:> Is 100 1eet ~'---"~,..,.::-:"10 MILES ~ 0 5 10 KILOME1CAS Base from U.S. Geological Burwy digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Alber. Equal... rea Conic projecHon Standald Parallela29"30' and~. centr&l merfdlan -83-oo' Figura 18. Generalized aiUtude of the base of the Intermediate aquifer system In southwest Florida. Flgurw 35 I CyleneMcPee~~:.Us(oeologicaiSurvey Rpt 96-4b63.tif .. Page42jl MANAlEE COUN"TY HARDEE COUN"TY ,L------~------! I I' I '~'" ···- < ! DE SOlO COUN"TY I ! 27"00' 1•••• EX PLANAilON r······ -30- GENERAUZEDUNEOFEQU.tl. I lHJCKNESS OF PERMEABLE ZONE 1 OF lHE INlERMEDIAlE AQUIFER SYSTEM-InteNalla 10 feet The zeiO-foot line l&j)r88Einla the extant of the t.Wllt HachuntS Indicate thinner bade 26"30' I I q 5 10MILES 0 5 10 KILOMElERS central meridian -83W Figure 19. Generalized thickn888 and extent of permeable zone 1 of the lntennedlate aquifer system In southwest Florida. cyiene fv1~.eeks - u.s Geologicalsurv~x_ Rpt 96-4063.tif ··Page43l 82"1!1' ,------t------ MANAlEE COUNTY HARDEE COUNTY <@ 0~------J·----- I I DE SOTO COUNTY 27"00' 'Co CHARLOTIE COUNlY Q EXPLANATION -eo- GENERALJZEO UNE OF EQUAL ~a~ THICKNESS OF PERMEABLE ZONE 2 OF lHE IN1ERMEDIA1E ,«QUIFER SYS1EM-In1ervals are 20, ~ 40, and 60 1eet. Hachuras Indicate thinner beds 26"30' f .. ! q 5 10 MILES ~ 0 5 10 KILOMETERS Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Alben~ Equal-area Conk: projection Standan:l Parallele 29•30' and~. central mer1dlan -83"00' Figure 20. Generalized thickness of permeable zone 2 of the intermediate aquifer system In southwest Florida. Flgu.... 37 ldylene McPeeks-u.s Geological surveyRpt9~jo63.tit· ...•. - MANAlEE COUNTY HARDEE COUNlY L______J __ _ 'I I i DE SOTO COUNTY I 21"00' ~ CHARLOTIE COUNlY I EXPLANATION -200 - GENERAI.JZEO UNE OF EQUAL 'THICKNESS OF PERMEABLE ZONE 3 OF THE INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER SVSTEM-InleJVals 1U8 50 and 100 feet. Hachu.. slnclcate thinner beda 26"30' 9 ~ 10MILES 0 5 10 KILOMETERS i; Figure 21. Generalized thickness of penneable zone 3 of the intermediate aquHar system In southwest Florida. ------t------ MANATEE COUNlY HARDEE COUNlY I ' ~------~------ DE SOTO COUNlY 27"00' CHARLOTTE COUNlY EXPLANAllON -to- GENER.M.IZED UNE OF EQUAL lHICKNESS OF n-IE \IENICE CLAY-InteNalls tO ieet. The zero toot Ina repraaents the extent of 1t1e Venice Clay. Hachunta Indicate thinner beds ,.., .. i 9 15 10MILES I 0 5 10 KILOMETERS \. f Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:2,000,000, 1972 Albera Equal-area Conic piOjecUon Standard Parallels 29"30' and 45"30', central meridian -83"00' Flgure22. Generalized thickness and extent of the Venlce Clay In southwest Florida. ). I CyleneMcPeeks- U.S Geological SurveyRpf96-4063,tif. EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER·· •. Well field or utility 0 f. 0 1:2,000,000, 1972 Figure 23. Major pumping centers In southwest Sarasota County. 0221 015 c/86 cf' o',.,.. ' l....i·;:,· , .·.·,:,.,··,:.;,·.·.·.· EXPLANATION ' MAJOR PUMPING i CENTER ·- Well field or utllty I • ' * TEST WELL WEU. LDCATlONJINDEX NUMBER (as shov.nln table 3) - 0201 WELl. TAPPING SURFICIAL AQUIFER SYSTEM WELL TAPPING INTERMEDIATE . AQUIFER SYSTEM: .6164 PERMEABLE ZONE 1 0 108 PERMEABLE ZONE 2 (> 126 PERMEABLE ZONE 3 0 Figure 24. Surficial and Intermediate aquifer system ground-water quality monitor wells In southwest Sarasota County. Figura 41 I Cylene M~~eel VENICE GARDENS UTIUlY IIFVI MAJOR PUMPING CENlER Well field orutlllly • UNE OF EQUAL CHLORIDE CONCENTRA T10N- In mlllgrama -250"':"- per titer. Concanlrallon lnterwl variable, Dashed wr. .. 8PJ)IDX!mate. Hachul98 indicate 818U oneaaer value WELL-- Upper number Is Index number olD. In table 3; lower number Is chloride Q33 concentration I 0 5 KILOMETERS 1972 meridian -83W Figure 25. Chloride concentration In water from wella·open to the surficial aquifer system In southwest Sarasota County. 42 Hydrogeology of U. Surficial lind hrttirmed'-te Aquifer Sy1111NM In Saraotll and Adjacent Counties, Florhl• [<::¥!=~~ McPeeks jJS Geolo9ical Survey Rpi. 96-4063.tif f'a9e49JI EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPINQ CENTER • Well field or utility UNE OF EQUAL. SULFATE -250 .. ~ CONCENTRATION·· In milligrams per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Duhed where approximate WELL·· Upper number Ia Index number 0 • In table 3; lower number1aaulfate "' concentration 1mllf'ldlan -83"00' Figura 28. Sulfate concentration In water from weBs open to the surficial aquifer system in southwest Sarasota County. F1gurn 43 EXPLANA"TlON MAJOR PUMPING CENlER • Well field or utility UNE OF EQUAL DISSOLVED-BOUOS -soo~· CONCENlRAllON--In mllllgrwnt .n" per Nter. Concentration lnte!WI 8,28o variable. Dashed wharv approximate. ~ WELL- Upper m.mber II Index number Q393 In tabla 3; lower /Uf\ber Ia diNOived-aollde concentration 1 I 0 5 KILOMETERS ,1872 1meridian -83"00' Figure 27. Dlssolved'"'8olkls concentration in water from walla open to the surficial aquifer system In southwest Sarasota County. 44 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lntenudl... Aquifer 8y8tem8 In s.r..ot. and Adjacent Countllla, Florldll I Cylene Me Peeks- u ~-~~ological sur'Vey Rpt. !l6-4o63, tit .15_ Q1,460 I !'" EXPLANATlON MAJOR PUMPING CENTER Wei field or utility • UNE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC CONDUCT}li,ICE-In mlcroeiemens percenllmater. Interval w.rtable. De.ahed vmeta approximate. WELL-- Upper number Is Index number ~ In table 3; lower number Is apecffic oeoe cond"Cianco 0 projection I 29"30' and 45"30', central mer1dlan -83"00' Figure 28. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the aurf'tcial aquifer system In southwest Sarasota County. Flguree 4& [cylene Me Peeks - US Geological Survey Rpt. oo:46siiii VENICE GARDENS llllUTY ~~liON"\ EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTEFI II Well field or utility UNE OF EQUAL CHI.OAIDE -260~- CONCENTRATION-In milligrams par Iller. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate WELL-- Upper number Ia Index number In table 3; lower number Is chloride concentration data, Figure 29, Chloride concentration In water from wells open to the Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, In southwest Sarasota County. ]: .. .: ' ' ~ ,:;,.,.:.•'.' . . " 48 Hydrogeology Of U. SUrficial and Intermediate Aqult.r Sptem8 In s.r..ot. and Adjacent Countlu, Florida Cylen~ McPeeks -U.S Geolo(lical SurveyRpt. 96-4063.\if EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENlER~ • Well field or utility LINE OF EQUAL SULFATE -250··. CONCENTRATION--In milligrams per liter. Concentration lntef\1&1 variable. Daahed whera approximate WELl·· Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number is sulfate concentration Figure 30. SuHate concentration In water from wells open to the lntennedlate aquHer system, penneable zone 1, In southwest Sarasota County. Figura 47 EXPLANAilON MAJOR PUMPING CENTER- • Well field or utility UNE OF EQUAL DISSOLVED-SOUOS 2,0iXJ\,..,~ -SOO.. CONCENTRATlON--ln milligrams · per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Ouhed where approximate 162 WELL-- Upper number Ia Index number t::,.SiS'" In table 3; lower number Is dissolwd solide concentration Figure 31. Dissolved-solids concentration In water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, in southwest Saruota County. I I··· ! 48 Hydrogeology of~ Surflcltilend lnt..-medlllte Aquifer SyNmsln Saruota and Adjaoent Countln, Ftorida 82'"30' EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER Well field or utility • UNE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC -2,000~!' CONDUCTANCE·· In mlcroslemena per centimeter. Dashed ¥1ttere approximate. Hachurea indicate areaa ot leaaer value WELL- Upper number Ia Index number In table 3; lower number Ia specific conductance f Figure 32. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 1, In southwest Sarasota County. FIQURIS 41 1 gy~e~ne McPeeks -U.SGeologicaiSurveyRpt96-4o63.t~if_~-~~~~~~~~~~~~-~~~~~~~-P_-_a_····g···_e_·· __--_-_5_-·_e_· __ -_:.1 1lll!. 80 0 EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER • Well field or utility UNE OF EQUAL CHLORIDE -250·- CONCENTRATlON-ln milligrams per liter. ConcentratiOn Interval variable. Dashed where approximate. Hachures indicate areas of leaaarvalue WELL- Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number Ia chloride concentration Figure 33. Chloride conceniratlon In water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer syatem, penneable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County. ! 50 Hydrogeology of the SUrficial and lnterrMdlD Aquifer Systllm~~ln Sllruobl and Adjacent Countle., Florida 1Cylene McPeeks -U.S Geological Survey Rpt. 96;406_3~.t~i.f.~-~-~~-~~~~~--~ l'. EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER Well field or utility • UNE OF EQUAL SULFATE CONCENTRAllON-·In mllligrama -250•• per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate. Hachurea indicate areas of Jesaer value ..l2L WElL-- Upper number Ia Index number 0 360 In table 3; lower number Ia sulfate concentration 1:2,000,000, 1972 43~, central meridian -83000' Figure 34. Sulfate concentration In water from wells open to the intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, in southwest Sarasota County. Flgur.a &1 i Cylene flll.cPe.eks ~ u:~.~eological Survey Rpt.96--4663.tif ···.P...... a Jl e...... sa . .. 'l EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER- ' .~'1,~~00 Well field or utility ~WELLAELD3 • UNE OF EQUAL DISSOL.VED-SOUDS 27"00' - eoo .... CONCENTRATION- in milligrams per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate. '% Hachuraslncllcate areaa of lesser value WELL- Upper number Ia Index number 01£ In table 3; lower number Is dlsaolved sollds concentration , central meridian ·83"00' Figure 35. Dissolved-solids concentration In wat8r from wells open to the intennedlate aquifer system, penneable zone 2, In southwest Sarasota Cowrty. 52 Hydrogeology of the SurflcJ• end lntenneclate Aquifer Sylde!M In Sai'UCU and Adjactlnt CountJu, Rorlda EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER·· II Well field or utility 27000' LINE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC -1 000 .... CONDUCTANCE-In microalemena ' Per centimeter. Interval variable. Daehed where approximate ...1Q8_ WELL- Upper number Ia Index number D 15,100 In table 3; lower number Is specific conductance Figure 36. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the lntennediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, In southwest Sarasota County. Figures 53 EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER· Wall field or utility • UNE OF EQUAL CHlORIDE -soo-- CONCENTRATION-In milligrams per liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed where approximate .ill._ WELl.-- Upper number Ia Index number <> 3,250 In table 3; lower number Ia chloride concentraton 0 , central meridian ·83000' Figura 37. Chloride concentration in water from wells open to the lntennedlate aquHer system, permeable zone 3, In southwest Sarasota County. 54 Hydrogeology Of the SUrficial end lnlernwdlate Aqulfw Syllttl.,..ln a.ruot. •nd AdJacent Counliee. FIDridal I Cylene McF>e.eks -U.-S Geological Survey Rpt. 96-4063 tif·-·-- -~~~~~~~~~~~ EXPLANATION MAJOR PUMPING CENTER Wall field or utility • UNE OF EQUAL SULFATE CONCENTRA110N-In mllllgrama -1,000- per Utar. Concentration Interval Is 500 milligrams per liter. Dashed wheta approximate WELl.- Upper number Is Index number In table 3; lower number Is sulfate ooncentratlon 0 central meridian ·83W Figure 38. Sulfate concentration In water from weDs open to the intermediate aquHer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County. FJguru 55 i Cylene McPeeks =~crs GeoloiJicafsuiveyHpt 96-4063.tif -··-·-··-· ·-· ·~·-· ·--·-- '~~-~-·-·-~-... EXPLANATION • MAJOR PUMPING CENTER Well field or utility 27"00' UNE OF EQUAL DISSOLVED-SCUDS -1 OOO.. CONCENTRATION- In milligrams per ' · liter. Concentration Interval variable. Dashed whe19 approximate ~ WEll..- Upper number Ia Index number 0 7,320 In tabla 3; lower number Is dissolved-solids concentration 0 5 KILOMETERS '1:2,000,000, 1972 I 45"30', central meridian -83000' Figure 39. Oisolved-scMids concentration in water from wells open to the Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, in southwest Sarasota County. 56 Hydrogeology of the SUrficial and lntltrmedlate Aquifer Syalernt In Sar..m. and Adfeoent Countr.., Aorldll [cyiene Mcf'eeks -USGeolo9ica1 Survey RJJt.. 96-4063.tif -.... EXPLANATION '""""!!<'!!!' ENGLEWOOD MAJOR PUMPING CENTER DISTRICT Well tlald or ur\llty WEll. FIELD3 • UNE OF EQUAL SPECIFIC .. CONDUCTANCE·· In microsiamens --3,000 • ·per centimeter. lntaNal variable. Dashed where approximate WELL·· Upper number Ia Index number in table 3; lower number Is specific conductanca Figure 40. Specific conductance of water from wells open to the Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, In southwest Sarasota County. Flgurn 57 [cylene McPeeks: U.s Geological Survey Rpt 96-4063.tif Page 64j za: 600 Qw ~t: Bailer used to sample Sampling procedures to clearing casing volume a:-' (p~~~1W7~) (p =edIn 1989) !zffiwa. 400 Productn rates decteased ow nwell netd 3 Production rates Increased z::; / lnwellflald3 o.,. Oa: 200 Q3WC!J 0:- \ O::i! -'z 0 "-0 1087 1988 1089 1090 1991 1992 1993 za: ow 250 t=t: tli-' 200 !zffiwa. o"' 100 OC!JIS~ 100 w- t(~ 50 u.::;; -'z iil- 0 1087 1088 1089 1990 1991 1992 1993 a: 1,200 i!ill~ ~ ENGLEWOOD WATER DISTRICT EPZ 9 ~z~ 1,000 ~3801 :::::iQw I IN~';\; }f.Q'ABLE 3) ~I- a. c,ili"' 800 DEPTH 70 FEET !!;!1-::i! _,~ili 600 oOC!J ~ wZ::J 400 ~ 'Vy- 15"'8= ::;; '--J J ...... ----- ~ 200 1967 1988 1989 1900 1991 1992 1993 YEAR Figure 41. Chloride, sulfate, and dlasolved-eollds concentrations in water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zona 1, at the Englewood Water District well EPZ 9, 1987·93. (Data coDected by Englewood Water District personnel.) 58 Hydrogeology ol the Surflcbll and IntermediN Aqutfer Sy•IIMn8 In Su..atll and Ad)IICIInt Countlu. Florldll zc: Ow ~~ oli field produotioo ,_c: 200 re Increased zW w" O 120,---~------r---.----.---~--.----r---.----~--,---· 100 80 eo 40 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 450 400L---~~~--'~--'--~~~--~--~~~~~~~~~ 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1980 1991 1992 1993 1994 YEAR Figure 42. Chloride, suHate, and dissolved-solids concentrations In water from Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, at the Venice Gardens well field monitor wellS, 1985-90. (Data collected by Venice Gardens personnel.) Figures 59 Cylene McPeeks ~ U.S G.e.olosical Survey Rpt96-4663.tif. F>a9e66J 100,---,---~----.---.---~----.---.---~----r----r---.----. 80 60 40 20 0~--~--~--~--~--~----L---~--~--~----~--~--~ 1983 1984 1985 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 100,---,---~----.---.---~----.---,---~----r----r---.----. 80 60 \ 40 20~--~--~----L---~--~----L---~--~----L---~--~----" 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 800,---,---~----.---,---~----.---,---~----r----r---,----, Wolfla~-uction rates were incrnaed 500 PLANTATION MW4 3) I CASINGBBFEi'J~~,\!,wABLE DEPTH 180FE 400 I 300 200L---L---L---~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~ 1983 1984 1985 1988 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 YEAR Figure 43. Chloride, sulfate, and dls&otved-aoDcfs concentrations In water from Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, at the Plantation monitor well MW4, 1987-94. (Data collected by Plantation personnel.) 60 Hydrogeology of the Surficial and lntermedilte AquHer System. In Saruotll and Aci)Kent Countle•, Florldli @ylene IV1,9Peeks: u.SGeoloQical Survey Rpf96-4063. til Page:6tl a:w 1- 500 -:J iS a: w-w 400 c!;(a.. a: a: en o~;:::;; 300 ....IUJ~ :r()t!)<>z- 200 J o:::l <>:E 100 ;;; 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1868 1869 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 2,000 Zen Q:::;;a: ~~~~1,500 \_ <.--£LJ ~z-' :l~~ffienz "- 1,000 o;;; ()a: 500 1853 1984 1985 1... 1987 1868 1859 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 ~ C/) R::J 3,500 SOUTHBAY UTILITY PZ2 9~c: 271037082285901 -'-w 3,000 INDEX NO. 220 (TABLE 3) O~o.. CASING 60 FEET en en DEPTH 100 FEET ~l;:i 2,500 ~wa: ~()"'z- 2,000 ~ eng;;! i5 :::;; 1,500 ;;; 1853 1984 1985 1... 1987 1985 1859 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 YEAR - Figure 44. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolveckolids concentrations in water from Intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 2, .at the South bay Utility well PZ2, 1983-94. (Data collected by Southbay Utillly personnel.) Figures 81 [i::ylene~McPeek~ ~ U.s. C3eologicalsur'ley Rpt. 96-4o63.tit Z~a: 4,000 ~~ <2::; !zffi 3,500 w"- ()(/) z::; g;:; 3,000 ~3 2,500 a:-o::o J:--'z 2,000 () 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 :ia: 600 0~ ~::; ~:!'=re~~ !zffi 500 w"- ()Cil ·> z::; 400 0[2 ()" ~:J 300 <=! ~::; ::>Z 200 "'- 1980 1984 1985 1986 11187 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 ~ 9,000 !!!111ffi\!l!lll! ENGELW~ODWATER DISTRICT ~z-~ s,ooo Well fleld P:roducUon - :JQw AO PROD I WELl. 1 ratee were lricrused 0>-a. ~~47 ABLE3) "';:; "' 7,000 TH425 FE Wzc,_~ ~w e,ooo 0~12 . gJ 0 ::f 5,000 c;O:i! ~ 4,000 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 YEAR Figure 45. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations In water from lntermecllate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the EWD RO Production well1, 1983-93. (Data collected by Englewood Water District personnel.} 62 Hydrogeology of the Surflct.l and Intermediate Aquifer Sy... ms In Saruota lind Adjacent CountiN, Floridll f"cylen"e McPeel :ia: Qw 800 !;(t:: a:-' !zffiwa. 600 OUlz::; ~- 0 Figure 48. Chloride, sulfate, and dlssoJved-solids concentrations In water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Plantation monitor wall MW3, 1987-94. (Data collected by Plantation personnel.) Figures 83 @Y1~ne_t>1cPeeks -tis·Geological sur\ley Rpt e6-4o63.tif ·. · 000.---,---~----r---,---~----r---~--~----.---~ 500 400 300 200 100~--~----~----~----~----L---~----~----~----~--~ 1985 1986 1997 1990 1999 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 2,500 .-----.------r----~----~----,----~------,.-----r-----r-----, 1995 1998 1987 1988 1999 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994- 2,000 SARASOTA ~NTY UTIUTY PZ3 ~,~300"~'1 1,500 DrnH-330 ••w 1,000 c__ _,___ _,__~---'----'---~---'----'--~---' 1985 1985 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 YEAR Figure 47. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations ln water from intermediate aquifer system, permeable zone 3, at the Sarasota County Utility weU PZ3, 1985-94. (Data collected by Sarasota County personnel.) 84 Hydrogeology ol the Surficial and Intermediate AquHar Syahlmaln S.raaota and Ad)Kent Countln, Florida 400,---.---~----r----r--~----~---r--~----.---~----r---~ 300 200 100L---~--~---L--~----L---~--~---L----~--~--~--_j 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 2~,---~---r--~--~r---r---.----r--~----r---~---r---, 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 &OL---~--~---L--~----L---~--~---L--~~--~--~--~ 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 YEAR Figure 48. Chloride, sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in water from Intermediate aquifer eystem, permeable zone 3, at the Southbay Utility well Pl3, 1989-93. (Data collected by Southbay Utility personnel.} LS_~:~e McPeeks -LJ.s Geological Survey Rpt. 96:4063.tif 6- CHLORIOE CONCENTRATION, IN MILUGRAMS PER UTER HYDROGEOLOGIC UNIT AQUIFER"""""'- SYSTEM ..,.._ 'MEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, 50 CONFINING UNIT PERMEABLE WNE1 100 WATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED Iii USING PORE-SQUEEZING APPARATUS w AQUIFER"""""'""'"' 8YSTEM, LL PEIWE.\BLE ZONE 2 ~ ui 150 () L1' a: CONFINING UNIT ::J 200 "'0 ~ 250 3: 0 ....w en 300 INTERMEDIATE :I: AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE zot.E 3 li:w 0 350 400 4500 500 1 ,000 1 ,500 2,000 2,500 0 -SULFATE CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PEA LITER . 0 -SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE, IN MICROSIEMENS PEA CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CEI.SIUS Figure 49. Chloride, sulfate, and specHI~onductance values at selected depth Intervals below land sulface at the Carlton Reserve test well. 66 Hydrogeotogy of the SurfhUI and lnt.nnecllllle Aquifer Sym.ma In a...ota •nd Adjacent Countiu, Floridll 6- CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER HYDROGEOLOGIC •• ~ ~ ~ ~ 100 1~ ~ 1~ ~ = UNIT SURFICIAL AQUIFER SYSTEM CONFINING !.Roll Iii 50 INTERMEDIATE te AQUIFER WATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ~ USING POAE.SQUEEZING APPARATUS P~~E u.i100 ZONE1 CONFINING UNI ~a: 150 ::J INTERUEOIATE rn AQUIFER 200 PBXW~ ~ ZONE2 250 CONFINING UNI ~ 300 INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER ~w 350 c p~(.e ZONES •oo .~-~~.. =.~~-,.1,-:tooo:::-~--1=-,ooo=---:,:-:,ooo:!::::---:,~ .... 0 -SULFATE CONCENTRATION, IN MILUGRAMS PER UTER 0 •• SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE, IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS Figure SO. Chloride, sulfate, and speclfio-conductance values at selected depth Intervals below land surface at ~.·. the South Venice teat well. . ·- ··· Figuru ~ CARL IDN RESERVE TEST WELL SOUTH VENICE TEST WELL MIWEQUIVALENTS PER UTER MIWEOUIVALENTS PER UlEA CATIONS ANIONS CATIONS ANIONS 15 10 5 0 5 10 . 15 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 J < !!. < >- ..f 20 FEET CU SASIPZ1 Z7 FEET CU SASIPZ1 < :> < >- i 40 FEET VENICE CLAY n FEET lAS PZ1 i <. > 94 FEET lAS PZ2 < ~ETVENICE CLAY <: ( ..> I 148 FEET lAS PZ2 291 FEET CU PZ2JPZ3 ~ t f ) / f 162 FEET lAS pZ2 304 FEET CU PZ2IPZ3 .. 350 FEET lAS PZ3 """ 373 FEET lAS PZ3 f 432 FEET CU PZ3/UFA i " EXPLANATION SAS SurtideJ """"'" .,. lAS '""""'""iale ...... , - Sodium+ Potassium~ f PZ1 Permeable mne 1 of the lAS Calcium ~ Bicarbonate+ Carbonate PZ2 f'elmeable zone 2 of the lAS Magnesium Sulfate PZ3 Permeable zone 3 of 1he lAS cu SAS.IPZ1 Confining urVt between the SAS and pz1 cu PZ2IPZ3 Confining wit between PZ2 and PZ3 J CUPZ31UFA Confining l.l'lit between PZ3 and the Upper Flor1dan aquifer j Figure 51. Maiof'-ion concentrations of water from the intermediate aquifer system at selected intervals betow land surface at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test wells. . .. ,.---·-- !CYiene ivlcPeeks -u.s Geological survey Rpl. 96-'lo63.iit .....F>a ge .. ·.-.7. 5.'.1 ,I __ I N .g :g !~ lw ___ J'c __ 0 5 10 MILES 9 5 10 MILES 0 5 10 KILDME1CAS 0 5 10 KILDMETERS Bueslrom U.S. Geological Surwy dlliJIIIII data, 1:2,000,000, 1172 Albera Equal-are• Conic profecllon Slllndanl Pal'llll111 2Y.50" 1nd ~. centnlm.~dlan -13"00' ...,_,.,.,M....,(1-)i ""'-'"'""""~I M'odllled by Bllrr, 1&88 Mocllled by Barr, 1996 (1994b)i MAY 1993 SEPTEMBER 1993 EXPLANATION ...... ---20- POTENTlOMETRlC SURFACE CONlOUA -Shows altitude of - POtentiometric surface. Contour Interval Is 10 teet. HachurH indicate diPfUSiona. Datum Is sea level +--- Direction of ground-water flow Figure 52. Composite potentiometric surface of the Intermediate aquifer system, May and September 1993. Flgu,... 89 c;:.lene McPeeks-U.S Geological Survex Rpt. 96-4063.tif ...... Pait e.·.·.·.7 .. 6il 30 28 -' ~ 28 U'i I"' 24 Iii" ~ i!: ~20 ffi 18 e • SURFICIAl AQUIFER SYSTEM MONrroR WEI..L, CASING 8 FEET, DEPTH 13 FEET !;( Q ·l"ll'ERMEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE ZONE 2 MONITOR WB.l, CASING 100 FEET, DEPTH 120 FEET ;= 0 -INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE ZONE 3 MONITOR WELL, CASING 245 FEET, DEPTH 2815 FEET 6, ·INTERMEDIATE AQUIFER SYSTEM, PERMEABLE ZONE 3 MONITOR WELL, CASING 380 FEET, DEPTH 400 FEET ~ 16 w + ·UPPER FLORIDAN AQUIFER MONITOR WB.l., CASING 510 FEET, DEPTH 700 FEET Cl ~ 10 8~~-'--L~--~~-'--L~--'~~4--L-L--'--~-'--L~--~~-'--L~ JFMAMJJASONDJFMAUJJASONO . 1993 1994 Flgur11 54, Water levels In the surficial, Intermediate, and Upper Floridan aquifer monitor wells at ROMP TA 5-2, January 1993to December 1994. 70 HydrogiiOiogy of the Burflclal•nd lntermedl... Aquifer Systnw In s.ruot. and Ad)Kent CountiH, Florkhl Table 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surfiCial and intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida [EWD, &pwood Wll«District; FOS, Flodda Ocologicld Survey; SWFWMD. Soutbwcst Florida WrdD ManagcmtntDistrlct; ROMP, RecioDaJ Observation Monittr Program; USGS, U.S. Geological Sur Yey; ft, l'cet; ft?td, feet squami pel' day; (ft/dYJt. feet pel day per foot; ft/d, feet per day; <,less than;>, greatecthan; -,DO data] (:aslngfdepth or Hyd..... lc Site name/well -ogle T....- ...... s~ Identification rnaerv.r below land caefflclent ccnductlvl1y Reference ...... unH1 -{ft'td} coefficient surJat;e (ft) [(ftld}llt] (IUd) 7 Carlton R=ve 270803082210301 SAS ·- 0.0511 Campbell and others, . test well '• (1993) SAS ,, 7 .00233 Do. SAS .,. 7 .673 Do . CUPZIIPZ2 .,. 7 .001 Do. (Venice Clay) lAS PZ2 (confining 3 101 7 .00394 Do. material) IASPZ2(ccnfinU>g 'm 4 .0024 Do. CUPZ21PZ3""""""'' '165 7 .000196 Do. CUPZ21PZ3 3 179 7 .000155 Do. CUPZ21PZ3 '206 8 <.OIXI00000036 Do. lAS PZ3 (confining '402 1 <.Cl0000000036 Do. """"""') IASPZJ(ccnfinU>g 3 413 I <.00000000036 Do. 3 CUPZ3/UFA""""""'' 426 7.0000155 Do. CUPZ3/UFA ... , 8 <.00000000036 Do. CUPZ3/UFA '460 8 <.00000000036 Do. South Venice test 2703400822554 CUSASJPZI 7 .00282 Do. well '" CU SASIPZl .,. 7 .(XI385 Do. CU SASJPZI '59 7.00502 Do. CUSASJPZI 276 7.00592 Do. 2 IASPZI(ccnfinU>g 111 7 .00828 Do. 2 CUPZIIPZ2""""""'' 126 7•9.000265 Do. (Vemcc Clay) IASPZ2(ccnfinU>g '246 7 .0000002 Do. IASPZJ(ccnfinU>g""""""'' 3416 .00523 Do. f 3 lAS PZ3""""""'' (ccnfining 543 7 .000332 Do. ::! """"""') I ;j Table 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and intennedlate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida -Continued [EWO, Englewood Watec District; FOS, Florida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest Florid. Water Management District; ROMP, Regiooal Obscrvati011 Monitor Program; USGS, U.S. Geological Sur- vcy; ft, f'ect; ttl/d, fcc:t squared per day; (ftfd)lft, feel per day Jlef foot; ftfd, feet pel day;<, less lban; >,greater tban; -,no data] i casing/depth or Hydraulic .8 Site Ra11'11!1WWell Hydragaclogk Tranamls- ...... She ldentlflcatlon interval below land coetllclont conductivity Reference •!!...... -(n'ld) coetllclont .8 ...... (ft) [[11/d)/11) (11/d) ~ Walton test well 2711430822403 CU SASIPZl '25 ·- O.CXl0229 FGS, written comm. !l. - l (1991) IASPZ2(confining 8.00000752 Do. ..c 'so 3. material) E lAS PZ2 (confining ] 114 .0000454 Do. ,• materiol) 0. CUI'Z2/PZ3 3 182 8.()()()(X)()152 Do. i CUI'Z2/PZ3 '200 .0000324 Do. lAS PZ3 (confining 3 249 7 .00342 Do. l malerial) ~ CUPZ3/UFA 3285 7 .00139 Do. .:c G-IslaDd SAS 121,340-1,870 47-60 Sutcliffe (1975) l well field (west !f Clwiotte Co.) i G-IslaDd SAS 1 ~140.->3,340 53 Do. ~ well field (north- 5" west Charlotte Co.) ll' 4 Carlton Reserve SAS 1,800 0.19 's• Geraghty and Miller, Inc. (central Saruota (1981) I Co.) i Codlon Reoone SAS 1,100 4 0.15 55 11 Do. ,. (central Sarasota Co.) t Sarasota Central SAS 5-10110-16 !I 2.5-159 Ardaman and Assoc., J!. Landfill ~lox Inc. (1992) (12 wells, central f Sarasota Co.) Vema well-field J (northeast Sarasota [ Co.), t 14B4 272247082175301 SAS 41167 430 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. (1975) 2E7 272248082190302 SAS 21/8!5 250 4.11 0.1 S,ll 13.4 Do. 12E8 2722S5082180201 SAS 1000 470 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. (1981) I . ·--·······-··--- f()l ~;: ·:CD ., ':::J (1) s: 0 "U (1) (1) Table 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surfiCial and intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Rorida --Continued I"(/) '; .... '- ,.. [EWD, Englewood W~ta District; FGS, F1orida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest florida Wider Management DUtri~ ROMP, Regional Observation M~Hlitor" Program; USGS, U.S. Geological Sur- vcy; ft. feet; W!d, feet squared per day; (f'r/d)lft, Feet per day per foot; ftld, feet per dar. <,less than;>, greater than; -,no data) c en Ca:singldepth or L.oolaonoe Hydraulic Site namelwell Hydrogeologic G) She Identification interval below land ...... conductivity ...... (1) coolflclent ~·· swface (ft) """" (ft'ld) [(ftld)oft] (ftld) 0 ··- - i5 12obo 272255082180202 SAS 530 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. .o·, (1981) ~ 6E2 272256082183701 SAS 21142 160 Do. en c: 9E3A 272257082181702 SAS 20/40 150 Do. (1)< Englewood Watet '< District (southwest ;o; Sarasota Co.): .-o :!""""' EWD 265722082210301 lAS PZ1 25/40 7,800 0.00005 Wolansky and Corral Production 27 (1985) -~: EWD 265735082205701 IASPZl 49/SS 5,500 0.0007 .00011 Do. .J,.. Production 9 0 m EWD 270015082211301 IASPZt 3tns 1,260 .12 .00087 CH2M Hill, Inc. (1978) Production test 2 "'!:::!: EWDRS 270019082213701 IASPZ1 34192 8,000 .0005 .0004 Do. - EWDR3 270021082221301 lAS PZI 42J43 6.250 .0004 .0003 Do. EWD 270033082214201 IASPZ1 Jsno 3,320 .000036 .000016 Do. Production lest 4 EWDC-10 270036082214101 IASPZI 4'1l70 3,800 110024 .00017 Wolansky and Corral (1985) EWD 270038082211301 IASPZ1 Jsno 1,525 .005 .000058 CH2M Hill, Inc. {1978) Production test 5 EWD 270104082214101 lAS PZ1 4'1l70 1,608 Do. Production test 3 EWD 270107082211201 lAS PZ1 43fl0 2,970 .013 .00065 Do. Production ccst I VCnicc well field 32 270536082253901 lAS PZl 42159 1,100 .0009 Clark (1964) Carlton Rc1c:rve lAS PZ2 81120S 2,670 .00013 .0001 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. (central Sarasota (1981) Co.) MaDame Jr. Col- 270219082185801 lAS PZ2 1101270 200 110002 USGS test {1984) ~ lege, JOUib well 1!: Plantatioo Utility 270403082220501 lAS PZ2 701180 ''20o-40o 12,0000196- Poot, Bucldey, Schuh, : 3A .000038 and Jernigan, Inc. (1981) <:1 [S:~ :o·-; "0 CD CD ""' :;! Ta~e 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and Intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas in southwest Florida -Continued c [BWD, Eagiewood Water District; FOS, Florida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest Florida Waler Management District; ROMP, Re,ional Ob.sernltioo Monitor Program; USGS, U.S. Oeol.ogical Sur- en, !1: vey; ft, feet; ftltd. feet squared pel' day; (ftld)lft. feet per day per fOOl; ft/d, feet p« day;<, less than;>, peater than;-, no Uta) G) CD Calngldepeh or Hydraulic Q. Sll•n.melwefl Hydrogeologic liwlsml• ...... 0 klentlftcatlon Interval below land conductivity Ref...... sn. unh' elvlty (lt'ld) ooefflclom .<0 I ·~{ft) ((ft/d)llt) (flld) 15" ~ :~ 1 - Post, Buckley, Schuh, !!. Plantation- Utility 4 270405082215601 IASPZ2 661180 ''25<>-300 'fl.000045- - en l .00001 and Jernigan, Inc. (1981) c· ..c P1anta1ion Utility 5 270406082215602 lAS PZ2 681180 300 Do. < CD i!' ROMP TRS-2 270019082.234200 1ASPZ2 601100 S,OOO USGS test (1986) 1!: ;:o ROMP 18-1 271137082074801 lAS PZ2 s1nn 10J,600 Geraghty and Millec ., •, (1980) '!""'"; " 1 (0 j ROMP 18-2 271137082074802 1ASPZ2 571123 0:3,700 Do. C) 271137082284501 1,800 0.00006 SWFWMD data files J,.. i ROMP20 1ASPZ2 7S/125 0 C) ! Venice well-field 2 270536082253901 IASPZ2 77/140 55ll .0005 .000042 Post, Bucldey, Schuh, and Jernigan,. Inc. "' t (1982b) ~ !' Venice Gardens 270322082234701 lAS PZ2 6<>'160 12600-650 Geraghty and M"dler j wdl-fieldTPVG-1 (1980) Veruce Genlem 270322082234702 lAS PZ2 61/160 12450..550 12_00021- .00017- Do. • .0011 .00062 .. well-field ..• MWVG-1 400 i Veruce """""" 270430082221501 lAS PZ2 6Ul60 Do. I welJ..field'IP-49 400 .000006 Gemghly and Mille< Veruce """""" 270430082221S02 lAS PZ2 601160 l well-field MW-49 (1980) ! Vcnioe Gardella 270508082223301 lAS PZ2 6<>'160 65ll Do. I .well-field TPN-1 a 600 .00043 Do. Veruce """""" 270S08082223302 lAS PZ2 61/160 ~ well-field MWN-1 a Veruce Gonlem IASPZ2 87/9() 1,120 .000248 Geraghty and Miller, Inc. J well-ficld IA (1974) 3 Venice Gmdens lAS PZ2 97/150 610 Do. !. well-field 2A t Venice GardeDs lAS PZ2 1001106 720 Do. well-fidd3A 85/130 790 .000175 Do. Veruce """""" lAS PZ2 well-field SA ··············· ~---- Tab4e 1. Summary of well records and hydraulic properties of the surficial and Intermediate aquifer systems at selected sites and areas In southwsst Rorida -Continued [EWD, Englewood Wa!« District; FGS, F1orida Geological Survey; SWFWMD, Southwest Aorida Water Management District; ROMP, ~gional Observali.QII Monitor Program; USGS, U.S. Oeo!ogil;il S 1 ~matioa: SAS, surficial ~system; lAS fZI, iDtenncdiate aquifc;r ~}'Stem. permeable zone 1; lAS PZ2, intcnncdiatt; aquifer system, pcnncablc zone 2; lAS PZ3, intcnncdiate aquifcc system, permemll= DDC 3; CU SASIPZl, ccnfining unit betweea SAS ..d lAS P'Zl; CU PZUPZ2, c.:mfimna: unit between lAS PZl mel lAS PZ2; CU Pl:Z/PZ3, confining unit between lAS PZ2 .mt lAS PZ3; CU PZ31UFA, c.:mfbUag unit bctw.::e.IAS PZ3 and UFA; aDd. UFA, Upper Floridan aquifer. Zsput-apooa aamplc, iD feet below land llllface ..lccre _,,.,.. umpk, iD feet below laad .urr.::c 'Horizontal hydraulic COIIdocti.Wy 6vertical bydraulic 00Dduc6vity from model simubtions 1Awnge of 3 1c1t1 1 Samplc did not ~ 11\et 31 days 01' JllOie 9saq~~e may have bceu cliaturbcd mpcnncuDCtl:l' IO A¥erqe of aevaal malytical mcthodt for ODC t111t II Averap fmm 5 aqgifer tests u Avcrap &om multiple aquifer tests j ~CD' 'S:' J 0 "lJ CD CD ""en ;: Table 3. Well records for ground-water sampling network and ground--water quality data in southwest Sarasota County, 1993 :c ( C, degrees CdtiWJ; EWD, f!Dslewood Water District; mstcm, mk:losiemens per ccotimetu at 25 •C; mgiL. milJ.i&rams per liter, <. less than; -, no data; ROMP, Regioual Observation Monito£ Pro~ en :t SAS, surfk:ial. aquifer I}'Dm; lAS PZl, in~ aquifer system pc:nnWJIII mne I; lAS PZ2, intennlldiate aquifer sytlem penneable zone 2; lAS PZ3, iDtennediale aquifer system permeab]c zone 3; iDdex G) '& numbers mfu to fi 24] CD Sample Tempo Sulfete Dluolved Q., ...... pH Chlorlde ...... Sltenarn~~ geologic colleotion eollds o; no. {units) (mg/l) ... onlt ("C) (mg/l) (mgll) f 10 27032S082262S01 719 SAS 11-4-93 - 786 32 S05 0.16 !1. - II 270401082191201 Ramblcl''s Rest SAS - 1,1190 7.4 "2 874 l "' .. 12 270S42082261804 'ml!ce 'ltst 38 SAS 8-26-93 27.0 610 "' 0.18 13 2'70722082281001 Nokomis Beaeh 10112 SAS 11-4-93 26.6 7.3 7,000" 1,0011 14,800 o.ss i 14 271052082294401 Blactbum PoiDr: 10112 SAS 11-4-93 28.7 630 " 72 441 !. 15 2711S2082264601 Palmer Ranch 719 SAS 11-4-93 27.6 1.460 6.S 192 10 <0.02 40 26571<4082212301 Comm. Presby. ChmclJ --/42 SAS 7-29-93 262 ... 6.9 6 393 0.02 1,867 " <0.02 130 Xlll37082284505 ROMPTR20SAS 12132 SAS 6-23-93 ,.,23.9 6.7 26S 100 1240 131 270511082271701 BeaehCcxnbecApta SAS 8-11-93 1,444 6.9 .. 988 <0.02 I 139 265839082211301 &bier _, SAS &-02-93 32.4 516 8.9 32 319 0.09 E "' l' 142 2659S0082183401 Myakka Pinel GolfOub 42/SO SAS 7-29-93 28.6 1,200 6.7 124 863 <0.02 145 270919082234201 ROMPTRS-2SAS 8/13 SAS 26.5 6.3 13 73 467 lfTl 265959082183701 Myakka Pines Golf Cub 421100 lAS PZ1 8-19-93 25.0 ~860 7.1 710 no 1,780 160 270113082223302 BWD EPZ-5 4Qf70 lAS PZI 6-24-93 23.6 1,162 72 176 24 766 Hi2 265717082210301 BWDProd 14 56182 lAS PZ1 6-28-93 25.1 820 1.S 76 130 SIS 163 270111082211602 BWDEPZ-1 1021130 lAS PZl 7-o>-93 28.1 810 7.2 54 14 Sll 164 2'701l040822231101 EWD EPZ-9 40170 lAS PZl 6-28-93 26.1 S250 7.4 1,520 260 3,410 168 263826082201301 BWDTI:I-13 49190 lAS PZI 6-28-93 24.1 1,980 7.6 SIO 33 1.270 169 2651109012194001 EWD TI:I-6 45165 IASPZI 6-24-93 23.9 ~020 6.6 480 40 1,330 174 270140082240701 ~~ OardcDs 7 61Y104 lAS PZ1 7-29-93 25.0 1,088 7.7 144 7 1,410 176 27080108227(B()4 ROMP TR S-1 UH 4M9 IASPZI 6-22-93 2M 1,400 7,1 160 280 1,040 181 2J04060822?0104 P1mtatioo MW2-PZ1 S116S lAS PZI 7-06-93 28.0 914 7.6 104 160 S93 183 27074~1 Rcvdt 42KJO lAS PZI 7-16-93 24.4 ~600 7.2 185 1,200 2.250 184 265943082183901 M)'lkka Pinel ClolfOub 41Y4! lAS PZl 7-30-93 26.0 1,651 ~7 230 ss 1,080 188 270637082233701 Mantm 33150 lAS PZ1 8-10-93 24.4 701 72 48 20 456 189 27Qol.29082253701 ShiiWty 4S/S!i lAS PZl 8-<)6-93 269 1,229 12 144 813 190 27021608224!201 BomMch !.5180 lAS PZ1 B-10-93 252 802 72 54 Sl9 53 271125082292901 Delli 61119!i lAS PZ2 6-28-93 25.8 ~ISO 7.4 8S 1.000 1,9.50 S4 271137082284504 ROMP 20 UH 7!1125 lAS PZ2 7-3().93 24.8 1,790 7.4 85 740 I.SOO S6 270926()8229(001 Uppiacotl 681194 lAS PZ2 6-28-93 25.S 3.670 7.0 375 1,600 3,400 57 271159082284901 Hmaea 421108 lAS PZ2 8-<14-93 24.7 1,3()2 7.2 100 300 1.000 S8 270901082281101 Corpa. IIIYilO lAS P'l2 6-28-93 25.8 1,464· 7.2 124 320 1,100 62 270922082261801 VerdraJ. !i6f116 lAS PZ2 6-28-93 25.6 1,276 ~7 .. 310 961 63 27092S082243901 Brock 311190 lAS PZ2 7-02-93 24.4 1.331 ~7 60 440 1,0"70 69 270447082270801 Love 801'1!i0 lAS PZ2 7-02-93 25.9 1.1>92 7.2 92 260 772 ;: Table 3. Well records for ground-water sampling network and ground-water quality data In southwest Sarasota County, 1993 -continued (c, degree~ CcWus; EWD. Eaj:lewood Water District; mSicm. microsiemcns per centimeter It 2S 'e: mgiL, milliJ1111DS per liter, <,.less thaD;-, oo data; ROMP, Regional ObSClVatiOD Monitor Program; j SAS, amficial. aquifer- l)'ltl::m; lAS PZ1, imamcdiate aquifef system pcnncabie ~ 1; lAS PZ2, iDIClmediatc 11quifef l)'ltem pcm:wl&ble zoae 2; lAS PZ1, inrennediate aquifer sys~em petmelble zone 3; iDdex CUing/ Hydro Sample Tomo Spoclllc pH Chloride SUlfate geologic collection ....,,...... (units) (m!>'L) (mgiL) (mgiLasN) 1·;-.::... (feet) unft fC) (loS/em) ""'·""' a 70 270720082220501 Holland Landscaping 42183 1ASPZ2 6-29-93 "-' 831 7.2 .. 160 601 71 270633082232301 Burks 531108 6-29-93- 24.9 7.0 1,100 i 74 2'10544082214001 bldustrial Space. IDe. 7111160 !ASPZ2 7-16-93 2,910 400"' 830 2,190 !ASPZ2 7-07-93 25.4 613 7.6 49 I 108 265817082132.501 Coucbot 15CV166 !ASPZ2 15,100 7.4 4,920 10,300 1 ""' 146 2'7022'7082253201 RiDcbart 13&159 !ASPZ2 25.1 ... 7.6 164 17 S67 ISS 2'70940082283201 Som::moShorel 2 63187 !ASPZ2 7.1 1,400 151 2708480822'73501 t..U VilJa&e, be. !ASPZ2 25.6 1,860 7.1 "' 680 1,580 I lSI 2708420822Sl701 KiDg's Gate., IDe. 3 631140 1ASPZ2 6-23-93 252 m 65 376 1,730 " 171 27054508223<4101 VenieeRmeh,IDc. 11-20-93 "-' 7.4 210 420 1,260 i 182 2704060822:20103 Plllltatia:!. MW4-PZ2 lAS PZ2 25.7 7.7 S7 30 316 18$ 270432082231901 Vc!Uce Qaldeq 9 89(123 25.2 537"' 7.4 so 342 186 271022082235701 Austin 63/81 !ASPZ2 8- 192 2106180822451101 Veaice B.U hrk 51 70197 lAS PZ2 8-06-93 25.3 2540 7~ us 940 ~070 I 193 270213082223301 Circlewood 401S5 lAS PZ2 8-10-93 24.9 ,.. 7.6 67 398 i 195 21073108l2!il901 Faith BaptistCh. Deep 621% lAS PZ2 8-19-93 275 ~100 ,. 260 1,300" ~740 220 271037'08228~1 Soulbbay Utility PZ2 601100 lAS PZ2 '6-30-93 143 1,100 ~190 f 221 271V:J082'6'601 Caitnl Co. Utility PZ2 631200 lAS PZ2 '6-01-93 103 " 61S 109 271137082284503 ROMP20LH 250070 lAS PZ3 6-23-')3 25.6 2,600 6.4 .. 1,600 ~640 J 112 270808082:270503 ROMP TR S-1 Ul 27.51289 lAS PZ3 6-21-93 272 ~170 7.1 33 1,200 ~120 114 X70919Q82l34204. ROMPTR5-2TPA 3601400 lAS PZ3 6-23-93 28.4 2.S20 6.9 38 1,500 2,620 I 115 l70607082l62701 Venice RO 2 250f4.SO lAS PZ3 8-06-93 "-' ~"' 7.1 766 1,500 3,810 117 2705320822S4001 VaUceBy-PusPark 3CXV479 lAS PZ3 7- 305 270546082261701 """'" RO 4 23<1'450 lAS I'Z3 's-10-93 7.3 62S 1,625 2,110 306 270605082262101 _._RO 2A 2301450 !AS I'Z3 's-1<>93 7.3 665 ~125 3,180 307 210646082245101 VeaieclE 2691405 IASPZ3 la~I0-93 7.3 465 2,500 ~660 301 270'723082243201 197/360 IASPZ3 ,._,..., 7.3 100 1,700 1,720 1 309 '1:11029082285901 -Utility I'Z3 2211'446 !AS I'Z3 6-30-93 202 1,650 """"'"' ~- 1sampte c:o11ecta1. by nlility pc:noDDd IDil analyzed by private laboralorics 2sampte caUected md ...tyzcd by EDJiewood Water Distric:t wcU-ticld pmt:mJel 3siD!ple colJcctcd .md .W)'l'Zd by City of VaUcc wdl~fiold plll'IODDd Ground water-quality data collected a pore squeezer at the Cartton Reserve Sooth Venice test wells, Sarasota County, Florida, 1992 •a Table4. with and [UDCOIUOli.datcd clay material is tbc tource of all water samples. Alblimty conc:ct~trlltions from lhe South Venice test wdlarc ootlaboottocy data, but were approximated. SAS, surficial aquifer system; lAS, ~.-prlfersystem; V.C., VeDk:e Clay; PZl, permeablll r.one I; PZ2,.penneablezooe 2: PZ3, permeable Z0!1C 3; CU SA3/PZl,eoafiDi.ug:unit bctwccD SAS aDd lAS PZI; CU PZIIPZl, confining unit i between lAS PZ1 and lAS PZ2; CU PZ2IPZ3. confining wW: betwoen lAS Pl2 and lAS PZ3; CU PZ3/UFA, coafining unit betwccD lAS PZ3 mel. upper floridan aquifer, ft, feet; IJ.Sicm, micnJsiemens per i ceutimctct at ZSOC; mgfL. milliaraw pee lib:r; mgiL. microgwos per liter;<, less than;-, ao data] Sample Specific Hydrogeologic Sample Alkallirity Hardness, total ~ Site Name Site identification depth conductance pH (units) a unit collection date (mg/L) (mg/L) i (ft) (JJS/csm) r Carlton 270803082210301 20 CUSASJPZI 4-28-92 1,160 6.6 476 350 ..~ Reserve i 40 CUPZIIPZ2 4-28-92 1,240 6.5 443 375 i (V.C.) I 48 Do. 4-29-92 1,220 6.8 249 168 i 94 PZ2 4-3().92 920 7:1. 300 287 ~.. 148 Do. 5-02-92 940 7.9 512 294 •f !I 162 Do. 5-02-92 1,120 7.0 256 256 I 350 PZ3 5-27-92 2,000 7.1 238 1,068 !i 432 CUI'Z3/UFA 5-28-92 2,120 6.3 443 615 [ South Venice 270340082255401 27 CUSASJPZI 7-26-92 1,040 448 367 i 72 PZI 8-04-92 640 334 270 125 CUPZIIPZ2 8.()8-92 550 252 218 f ('I. C.) i f 291 CUPZ21PZ3 8-19-92 870 268 297 J 304 Do. 8-2().92 1,060 245 331 l 373 PZ3 8-21-92 2,080 286 1,067 t ··--..·• --.:. Tal>le4. Ground-water quality data collected with a pore squeezer at the Carlton Reserve and South Venice test welts, Sarasota County, Aorida, 1992-Continued• [UIICCXIsoliciiZd clay material. is tbc IOUlt:e of an w*'" SIUDples. AlbliDi.ty CODCCDtrations from tb= South vemce test well are DOt laboratory data, but weelpplOXimatcd. SAS, surlicial. aquifer system; IAS, i.nlenncdiate ~ sysrcm; V.C., Venice clay; PZI, permeable zwac 1; PZ2., permeable ZODC 2; PZ3, ~ zone 3; CU SASIPZl, CU111.aiDg unit betwcc:D SAS and lAS PZl; CU PZ11PZ2, confining unit • 1:Jetwoeu lAS PZI and lAS PZ.l; CU PZ2IPZl, CODiiniDg unit between lAS PZ.2 IIDd lAS PZ3; CU PZ3fUFA, confiDing unit betweeD lAS PZ3 aDd upper Floridan .:prlfer. ft. feet; ,&ian, microsicmens per centimeter, mWL, milligrams per liter,~ micrograms pee liter,<, less thaD;-, no data] Nitrogen, Calcium. Magnesium, Sodium, Chloride, Sulfate, Iron, Strontium, S-le Potassium. NO,+NO,, Site Name dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved depth dissolved (ft) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (!1g/L) {llg/L) (mg/L) Carltnn Reserve 20 llO 18 42 4.6 46 140 300 1,200 0.70 40 100 30 61 5.4 65 280 6 1,800 0.80 48 llO 34 48 52 270 80 1,900 0.52 94 68 28 46 6.8 69 31 40 2,000 0.28 148 llO 52 S4 14 66 46 1,100 3,000 0.14 162 so 31 44 8.2 52 52 20 2.80 350 240 llO 38 2.4 20 840 <5 14,000 0.38 432 140 62 140 ll 15 660 400 8,800 2.50 South Venice 27 130 lO 70 8.3 87 37 140 870 <0.02 72 92 9.5 24 4.2 34 4.0 <5 720 <0.02 125 64 14 24 4.8 45 4.8 130 620 0.30 291 58 36 so 8.7 100 49 <5 3,900 0.42 304 63 41 69 13 140 90 80 4,700 0.35 373 240 no 86 10 160 760 30 13,000 0.22 ~ f !! lcyle[le McPeek~ -U.s Geological sur¥ey Rpt.!)6-466:ftif .. , . i - •'• ~ i ! I' I !.·.• : .,,,,,,.,