Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 Te Aranga o Matariki ISSUE 18 Hikurangi returned to Ngati Porou

“Ehara taku “Kei te rukuruku a maunga a Te Rangitawaea i Hikurangi i te ona pueru.” maunga nekeneke he “Tukua mai ki aua maunga tu tonu ki Hikurangi te ko toku maunga e tauria kingitanga no te ana e te huka” po mai rano, no Na Te Aotaki tua whakarere he ihu to mai no te “Toitu te whenua” po.” Na Te Kani a Takirau

Legal title to Hikurangi was lost to of the Raukumara Park, subject to a All loose ends were finally tied up the a century ago. conservation covenant and an agree- when the application to provide a Efforts to restore the mountain to the ment over walkway access. walkway easement and conservation people began in 1989, with an agree- However, the final terms of the agree- covenant was signed off, June 20 - ment by the Crown to sell the part of ment had remained contentious un- at Uepohatu , . the mountain, covered by Pakihiroa til 1999 with the signing of a deed of “We were successful in having the Station to Te Runanga o Ngati Porou, agreement. whole mountain vested in the tribe. for $300,000. Further delays came from litigation The accessway, the easement and The following year the Minister of by Dr Hugh Barr and Public Access the conservation estate falls entirely Conservation agreed to return the . to us,” says TRONP chairman Mr Hikurangi Block, which had been part These issues were resolved last year. Api Mahuika. continued page 12 Report from the chairman Apirana Mahuika Ngati Porou tena tatau katoa. self wish to thank TRONP for the cost We can now truly say: Tangihia o tatau mate. Tukua atu of travel and accommodation for Ko Hikurangi te maunga ratau ki te po e au ai ta ratau moe. myself over the past decade to ne- Ko Waiapu te awa Ko tatau i muri nei, kia u, kia mau gotiate for our mountain. Ko Ngati Porou te iwi. ki nga take hei hapai i te iwi ki nga Thanks also to TRONP for meeting I also wish to thank many others taumata o te ao nei. the legal fees for Matanuku when Dr without whom the foundation and Another Nati Link comes to you full Hugh Barr and Public Access New platform for my part would not have of information and korero about Zealand brought litigation against our happened – in particular Dr Tamati things at home here. The return of ownership of Hikurangi. Reedy who drove this kaupapa Mt Hikurangi has come to an end Our ownership gives us the mana to when the then Pakihiroa Station after 11-years of tough negotiations. manage the Conservation Estate over owner Colin Williams first contacted Both Matanuku Mahuika and my- Hikurangi. him. continued on page 2

INSIDE Chief executive officer’s report ...... 2 Education Register ...... 5 Memorial Day for master carver ...... 3 Te Wananga o Rongomaianiwaniwa ...... 6 Education Grants ...... 3 Te Wananga o Matariki ...... 7 Te Puia depot returned to whanau ...... 4 Speech Competition winners ...... 10 Maori electoral option ...... 4 Tourism Ngati Porou ...... 11 Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001

Report from the chief executive officer Amohaere Houkamau Tena tatau nga uri Whangaokena, known to support the co-ordination group as o nga whetu some as East Island and to and when it is appropriate. matarau o Matariki others as Te Motu o Kaiawa. With the historical Maori Land Court nga mihi nui mo te This ceremony was part of hearing at Uepohatu last month, tau hou. Ki nga the Matariki Wananga which brought to completion the le- mate o tenei rohe hosted by Te Whanau a gal requirements for the return of puta no te motu Hunaara at Matahi o te Tau Hikurangi Maunga and the return of tangihia, kua hoki Marae, Horoera. the Public Works Depot to Te nga wairua ki nga This brings to an end two of Whanau a Iritekura in May, we are ariki o te po. our five Ngati Porou beginning to see some of the initial Ahakoa kaore a Wananga for 2001. The fruits from the investment that Ngati Hikurangi i te three remaining wananga Porou has made over many decades maunga nekeneke, mai rano tatau e will be Te Reo ake o Ngati Porou, for the return and retention of our whawhai ana mo te kawana o te August, Tokomaru Bay; Te Wananga whenua and taonga. whenua tapu nei. Kua tau, kua hoki o Hamoterangi, Labour Weekend, Te The other major area of Treaty Settle- te mana whakahaere o to tatau Poho-o-Rawiri Marae; Te Wananga ment that has sparked nationwide maunga ki roto i nga ringa o Ngati o Te Takapau a Maui, December, interest is Fisheries, principally ‘who’ Porou. He mihi tautoko ki te Whanau Hiruharama Marae. should the Treaty of Waitangi Fish- a Iritekura, kua u te kaupapa i These wananga are, in addition to, eries Settlement Assets be distrib- whakahokia tetahi wahanga o o and will compliment the annual Ta uted to and if it is to iwi, who are the koutou whenua. Apirana Ngata Memorial Lectures. iwi. Three judicial authorities Kei te rere nga moana me nga To the fore in the machinations of the ( High Court,the Appealate awaawa i nga momo tamariki o Runanga and other Ngati Porou Court and now the Privy Council) Tangaroa, a kei te rere hoki nga groups is the current discussion sur- have affirmed what the Runanga has momo huarahi mo te iwi hei whakatu rounding how the Ngati Porou Treaty always maintained that the assets he kamupene motuhake mo nga Claims (there are approximately 19 should be allocated to iwi and that rawa o nga tamariki o Tangaroa. individual claims) should be managed. iwi are the traditional tribes. No reira e te iwi, kia ora tatau e tau The outcome of the discussions thus So one could say that the early har- nei. far is that an independent Ngati Porou vests already brought to bare since We celebrated the beginning of the Claims Co-ordination Group has been Te Aranga o Matariki projects a very Maori New Year once again atop established and the Runanga, along bountiful and prosperous New Year Otiki looking across to with other claimants, will assist and mo tatou.

Report from the chairman (continued from page 1) Apirana Mahuika Tamati was then Sec- claims committee is do- est decision by the Privy Council retary of Maori Affairs. ing good work. Part of (July 2 2001) in which it upheld the Koro Wetere Minister its role is to have ongo- ruling by Paterson J in the Auckland of Maori Affairs, ing consultation with all High Court which was endorsed by backed Tamati for Ngati Porou people. If the Appealate Court, namely that which we as Ngati we are successful with allocation of fish assets and re- Porou must acknowl- our claims the returns to sources be to iwi. edge with gratitude. us will be very substan- Ngati Porou has always stated that Thanks also to Win- tial. it is capable of accommodating the ston Peters who TRONP is working hard needs of all its people – given the played a major role in to achieve positive out- resources and assets to do so. assisting with financial avenues to comes for our people and has been Hopefully Parliament will accept the make the purchase possible; Den- demonstrating much support for ruling by the Privy Council. nis Marshall, Minister of Conserva- whanau and hapu initiatives. Finally I must say a very Happy New tion; Nick Smith in spite of the con- Ngati Porou East Coast played a Year to all as we celebrate the be- frontational approach in pushing our friendly game with the ginning of the Maori New Year with respective views over Hikurangi and team in the last week of June and the rising of Matariki. the accessway - because at the end our boys played well, even though A four-page Ngati Porou feature in- of the day, he made it happen for us. BOP had the victory at the end of serted in the Gisborne Herald com- DOC staff, especially Peter the day, but not by much. Remem- munity news bulletin commemorated Williamson and Donna Llewell, so- ber BOP were the second division this celebration. licitor at head office – Kia ora. champions last year and are now in I wish every Ngati Porou well My next goal is to see our Treaty the first division. Ma Te Atua tatau e manaaki Claims bear fruit for all of us. Our It is also encouraging to read the lat- Kia Ora

page two Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 Pine Taiapa - tohunga

Whanau and friends gather at Rahui Marae (right) to honour the life achievements of Pineamine Taiapa (top left).

Streams of sunshine set a perfect Captain of the C Company of the 28 There are many places around the scene in , to celebrate and Maori Battalion, a farmer and a leader country where Pine has developed acknowledge the life of Tohunga of his people. plantations of flax species, each ap- Whakairo, Pineamine Taiapa. “He held many seminars in Ngati propriate to the particular task re- Mr Taiapa was born 100 years ago Porou which were attended by other quired. on June 6, 1901. iwi, in topics such as flora and fauna Mr Taiapa was a prolific writer. Much Hundreds of people gathered at Rahui and their significance to medicine of his material is held in libraries and Marae to remember the great artist and Maori art,” Mr Apirana Mahuika with his whanau. who was a major contributor in the says. He is most famous for re-establish- renaissance of Maori carving and Mr Taiapa also taught the prepara- ing ancient carving styles by reviving Maori art during the 1930s. tion of materials necessary for weav- carving techniques associated with Mr Taiapa was a Maori All Black, a ing and tukutuku work. the adze. Education grants distributed

More than $53,000 was distributed as education grants to 196 Ngati Porou students. TRONP trustee Atareta Poananga, speaking on behalf of the Education Grants committee, says that this year was one of the highest allocation of Runanga funds for Ngati Porou studying Although Ngati Porou East Coast lost 16-29 to the first division Bay of at a tertiary level. Plenty side in June the closeness of the game has supporters fired up She says “it’s brilliant” that 17 of the successful applicants for the home team’s entry into the second division. were studying at Masters, PHD and Doctorate levels. Careers in humanities, management, science and technol- ogy, fishing and forestry were the main areas of study for the education grant applicants. Ms Poananga believes that it is important that those skilled and trained in their respective fields return home to develop our people and resource assets and management skills for Register on the Maori electoral roll the iwi. Contact the Maori Roll co-ordinator “This is the main purpose why we set up these grants. So Lexi Puha 06-864 8121 that our people might come home and bring with them their “Kei a koe te tikanga – it’s your choice” wealth of learning and experience.” The Maori option to go on the Maori roll only comes around once every five years – and Ko te manu e kai ana i te miro nona te ngahere. this is it! Ko te manu e kai ana te matauranga nona te ao.

page three Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 Crown returns land to Iritekura

Pewhairangi, (pictured) says the day (June 2) marked a time of celebration for the whanau. “It has been a seven year journey of negotiations, de- lays and frustrations but the successful outcome makes it all worthwhile,” he says. On hand for the occasion was Minister of Maori Affairs Parekura Horomia. Mr Horomia said he was pleased to be present, to acknowledge the transfer back to Te Whanau a Iritekura, the small but “obviously significant” piece of land. Also present were Irene Taylor (pictured), representing the former owner of the depot site and Craig Linkhorn, lawyer with the Crown Law Office, both of whom be- came involved in the latter stages of negotiation. They presented to the Trust a framed copy of the new deed of ownership for the block, now in Maori land title. The block was initially offered back to Te Whanau a Iritekura at market value. However, the negotiating com- mittee was able to cite research completed by Treaty claims researchers employed by Te Runanga o Ngati Porou that highlighted several historical issues that had a bearing on a “fair” price for the land. Mr Pewhairangi said that, while the land had been bought back by Iritekura the price finally arrived at was “satisfactory”. A member of the negotiating committee, Sir Henare Ngata, also present at the ceremony, was reported as saying, when once asked what was the purpose of put- ting so much effort into having the land returned to Iritekura: “The principal purpose is simply to have the Blue skies blessed those who gathered to celebrate land back.” the official handing back of the former Works Depot Rei Kohere, former manager of the Treaty Claims Re- property at Te Puia to the local hapu, Te Whanau a search Unit for TRONP, was thanked for his role in help- Iritekura. ing to facilitate the successful outcome to negotiations. In 1993 the 2.1 hectare depot site became surplus to He, in turn, acknowledged a long list of people who had the requirements of the State Owned Enterprise, Works over the years contributed to the case. & Development Services Corporation (NZ) Ltd. Mr Kohere said the depot land and the historical mat- The block then became the subject of negotiation be- ters relating to it were symbolic of Ngati Porou Treaty tween the Crown and a committee established in 1994 claims. to represent the interests of the original Maori owners “This case, while important in its own right, also en- of the block and their successors. capsulates all the issues of Treaty breach that under- Chairperson of the Iritekura Whenua Topu Trust Mr Tate pin Ngati Porou land claims.” Kei a koe te tikanga - its your choice East Coast Maori roll co-ordinator Before 1993 there were only four Maori roll and 48.75% are on the Lexi Puha encourages all eligible Maori electorates. However when general roll. whanau to come on to the Maori MMP came about in 1993 the law Mrs Puha says you can make your roll. was changed so that the number of choice during the Maori Electoral She says the number enrolled on Maori electorates depends on the Option, which is being held this the Maori roll can help determine Maori roll numbers. year from April 2 to August 1. the number of Maori electoral seats. Since 1993 the number of Maori elec- “It’s our chance to give ourselves a “If all Maori were enrolled on the torates has grown steadily from four stronger political voice.” Maori roll there would be about 13 in 1993 to five in 1996 and six in 1999. For further enquiries Phone 06-864 Maori electorates. If all Maori de- There are about 320,000 Maori who 8121 Freephone 0800 36 76 56. Or cided to go on the General roll there are enrolled as electors at present. check out the Electoral Commisson would be no Maori electorates.” Of this number 51.25% are on the website www.elections.org.nz

page four Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001

Minister of Maori Affairs Report AN OPPORTUNITY TO Parekura Horomia CONTRIBUTE TO EDUCATION Ko Hikurangi DEVELOPMENTS te manuga Ko Waiapu te awa Ko Ngati Porou te iwi

Tihei Mauri Ora

Tena koutou e te whanau. The link between social A NGATI POROU AND EAST services, training and employment was very evident when my colleague Steve Maharey and I released COAST COMMUNITIES EDUCATION the Tairawhiti Forestry Labour/Skill Shortage Strat- REGISTER egy. The forestry industry can make a positive dif- ference for Maori people, given our ownership of land The initiative known as Whaia te iti Kahurangi - Strength- here and the potential for jobs. More work needs to ening Education Outcomes in Ngati Porou and East Coast be done to attract young unemployed Maori, let Communities - has contributed to exciting education de- alone keep the ones already working in the forestry velopments in and across the 19 schools and kura involved. These developments include: industry. Maori have a key role to play in both iden- tifying the problems and in ownership of the solu-  helping schools and kura to work more closely with tions. We want to offer a sustainable and worth- their communities while career choice for our tamariki (and ourselves)  helping schools and kura to work together on what on the land and in the forests. they are teaching There are some very hard issues to address for ex-  encouraging Ngati Poroutanga to add value to the New ample the lack of skills, poor work skills amongst Zealand curriculum the potential workforce and drug and alcohol abuse.  having a professional Principal’s Association working But tackle them we must if we want to go forward with enthusiasm and I know the strategy provides some good direc-  providing a computer network that helps principals and tion. The partnership between Te Runanga o Ngati teachers to run their schools better and to provide a better education for the children of the East Coast Porou, Ngati Porou Whanui Forests Ltd and the  providing close involvement in developments in the Waiapu Work Trust is an example of the significant teaching of literacy and numeracy and in assessing role that Maori can play in addressing the problems how children are doing at school within the forestry industry. There was an unmistakeable Ngati Porou presence One of the goals of Whaia te iti Kahurangi is to maintain at the recent Matariki celebrations in . strength in leadership across schools by both principals The po whakangahau marked the end of the two and innovative teachers. There are also opportunities to day Reo Maori conference at Te Papa. There was involve specialist expertise for particular one-off develop- an air of festivity as people crowded into the ments. Boatshed to celebrate Te Reo Maori and to enjoy the music of Toni Huata, Brannigan Kaa, Hare and To contribute to this goal, a Ngati Porou and East Coast communities Education Register is being established. This Ruia Aperehama and the guest performers Aaria. register would be maintained by Te Runanga o Ngati Porou The night gave me confidence that Te Reo Maori is with the intent that registrants be contacted when vacan- not only surviving but thriving. We all have a respon- cies occur and invited to put forward an application. sibility to make sure this taonga continues to be available for our mokopuna. Ngati Porou now seeks expressions of interest from people Looking to the future, I was very pleased to be at the or groups who will add value to education outcomes in ceremony where representatives of Te Whanau a Ngati Porou and East Coast Communities. Interest is Iritekura were returned the ownership of the old Min- sought from those who have Ngati Porou whakapapa and istry of Works depot block at Te Puia Springs. The those who have an interest in and understanding of Ngati occasion marked the end of nine years of talks and Poroutanga. government officials paid tribute to the integrity of Please contact: David Goldsmith, Transition Director, the negotiating committee. There is huge potential Whaia te iti Kahurangi Education Support Team, 7223 for the trustees to use the site for the benefit of the Waiapu Road, PO Box 226, Ruatoria, email: community and I have instructed Te Puni Kokiri to [email protected] by 31 July 2001. Please provide assistance through programmes like the supply your name, area of interest, mail address (and Maori Business Facilitation Service and Capacity email address if possible). A response will be avail- Building. Well done to all those involved and I look able to you within three weeks of receipt of expres- forward to future developments on the site. sion of interest.

page five Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 Te Wananga o Rongomaianiwaniwa Rahui Marae Tikitiki

Knowledge shared, history recorded Te Hapukuniha, “Papa Jacob” Karaka (pictured bot- tom right) and the whanau of Rahui Marae, Tikitiki hosted the first of the Ngati Porou wananga in April. Wananga Support The hui named Te Wananga o Rongomaianiwaniwa which was held mostly in Te Reo ake o Ngati Porou Five Ngati Porou wananga were set for this year was attended by Ngati Porou whanau from throughout due to a consistent deluge of requests from Ngati the motu including Wellington, Hamilton and Auckland. Porou kei te whenua. Rongomaianiwaniwa was the daughter of Porourangi “During our taura here visits last year mai i Kaikohe and Hamoterangi and the sister of Hau and Ueroa. ki Murihiku, Ngati Porou consistently said that one Papa Jacob led the day-long workshop, sharing his thing the Runanga could do for them was to facili- life experiences and historical stories of the area and tate a series of wananga on Ngati Poroutanga,” says the people who lived there. TRONP Ceo Amohaere Houkamau. A genealogical connection to the various iwi and hapu Plans to hold the wananga were planned at the end throughout the Ngati Porou area and beyond the of the 2000 year with pakeke from marae setting the Potikirua ki Te Toka a Taiau boundaries was given. themes for the wananga. “We younger ones were Discussions also included the tracing of whakapapa asked to help with organising the wananga.” to Rongowhakaata, Te Aitanga a Mahaki, Ngai So far two wananga have been successfully held - Tamanuhiri and Kahungunu. Te Wananga o Rongomaianiwaniwa and Te Papa Jacob’s advice for those who are learning Te Wananga o Matariki. Reo is to build a strong foundation. The third wananga in the series, is on Te Reo o Ngati He says this foundation can be set up with the thor- Porou and will be held, at Tokomaru Bay in August. ough knowledge and correct pronunciation of the Maori The other wananga for 2001 will be Te Wananga o vowels. Hamoterangi and Te Wananga o Te Takapau o Maui. “Learn to correctly pronounce these and you will have Ms Houkamau says the Runanga was asked by a strong base to build (the reo) upon,” he says. the host marae to support the wananga in an ad- ministrative role.

page six Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI June 2001

Te Wananga o Matariki, Te Matahi o Te Tau Marae, Horoera

The rising of Matariki heralds for iwi the Maori New Year. In Ngati Porou this event is celebrated annu- ally at Otiki, the East Cape Lighthouse hill. TRONP trustee Selwyn Parata says that it is ap- propriate the tradition be observed from Otiki over- looking Whangaokena because Otiki is the most easterly point of the mainland. Special celebrations for the start of the Ngati Porou maramataka’ included Te Wananga o Matariki which was held at Te Matahi o Te Tau Marae, Horoera – June 22-23. Marae pakeke Koro Dewes inspired the group at- tending the wananga with his stories, which related to Matariki and the surrounding area. Matariki ahunga nui – “The Pleiades with many mounds heaped up.” The New Year was indicated by the appearance of the Pleiades or Matariki. The mounds were heaped up for the kumara tubers, because the plant- ing season was not far off. The importance attached to Matariki is the fact that thought and plan- ning needs to be given to the com- ing planting season. It was often a time of hunger, when food supplies were getting low. Ka kitea a Matariki, na kua maoka te hinu - When Matariki is seen then the preserved flesh is cooked. The flesh of animals like birds and rats were preserved in fat, the work was done in May or June when Matariki appeared.

page seven Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 The Porourangi Maori Cultural School The following korero follows on from the Ngati Kahungunu tribe derives Me ko Manutangirua, ko Hingangaroa, the lecture published in Nati Link 17. its name. He begins now to come Ka tu tona whare Te Rawheoro, e; prominently into East Coast history. Ka tipu te whaihanga, e hika, ki Uawa. Ka puta te whakaitu, te Ngaio-tu-ki- We shall deal in detail with The link with the Porourangi line may be seen from the following brief Rarotonga, Rongowhakaata and his contribution Ka riro te manaia, ka riro te taowaru, table: to the make-up of the East Coast Ka taka i raro na i a Apanui, e, tribes in a later lecture. Ka puta ki Turanga….. Porourangi Here is the descent of Tupuhikai: Ueroa Takotowaimua This is the most definite and authori- Rongowhakaata Uetupuke Tokerau-wahine Ira tative statement of the existence in Tutaunga Pahirauwaka of Hauiti Iwipupu Tamatea this old center, Uawa, of a school of TUPUHIKAI Hurumaiterangi IRANUI KAHUNGUNU arts and crafts. Te Rawheoro became the leading whare wananga of the Tupuhikai and her husband lived at The Tamatea shown in the table as East Coast area from Wharekahika Whangara, where her name is asso- the father of Iranui and Kahungunu to Wairarapa. Rangiuia who lived in ciated with place-names, such as Te is according to our elders the fourth the early part of last century was its Mimi o Tupuhikai and others. She down from the Tamatea, who came last priest and teacher. Tokipuanga lived in the stirring times of Parua- to New Zealand in the Takitimu ca- of Ngatiira, Mohi Ruatapu of kaitangata, who is shown on our noe. Chiefly through these two of his Tokomaru, Hoani Te Parehuia of Hauiti table paged 13, Apanui-mutu, children as well as through other Ngatiira were among the pupils or son of Rongomaihuatahi on our Taua members of the crew of Takitimu tauira of Rangiuia. We shall find the table paged 9 and Tuwhakairiora, son Ngati Porou claims that canoe as one manuscripts left by Mohi Ruatapu of Te Ataakura on tables paged 3 and of the chief transports of their ances- and Wi Tamawhaikai, brother of II. Tupuhikai was killed near tors from Hawaiki. Hoani Te Parehuia very helpful in this Whangara by Tamaterangi of Wairoa, In the time of Hingangaroa the de- course. who came to seek and slay Parua- scendants of Porourangi through The fame of Hingangaroa attracted kaitangata. But this is getting too far Manutangirua were definitely occu- experts from other parts of the East ahead of our story. I may conclude pying the Uawa district. Hingangaroa Coast and from Te Kaha. The school the note on Hurumaiterangi and his was a great artist, carver and builder. he founded, Te Rawheoro, developed wife, Tupuhikai, by mentioning that He was an expert in the building of into an institution for teaching and among their descendants were canoes. It was this that led him and maintaining the occult knowledge Hinekino and Hinerimu, two sisters his wife Iranui to visit Kahungunu in brought from Hawaiki as well as a who were the wives of the great war- the Whakaki district of Wairoa. Iranui, school for training in the arts and rior ancestor of Whangara, KONOHI, then in child, saw Kahungunu and crafts. In a later generation Iwirakau Te Ropuhina and Hineumu, first his people finishing the body of a (see table paged II) of Waiapu and cousins, who became the wives of canoe and fixing the prow and stern Tukaki (grandson of TE HUKI, the great Wairoa and pieces by tying them on by straight Rongomaihuatahi (see table paged Mahia ancestor, and Rangikapitiao, joints, tuporo haumi. A canoe built 9) came to Te Rawheoro for an in- who became the wife of our own war- in this way depended largely on the tensive course in woodcarving. Ac- rior ancestor, TINATOKA and mother rauawa or side boards for strength cording to custom they brought a of Te Whakaohonga, the chief wife and rigidity. She told of her husband gift, Te Ngaio-tu-ki-Rarotonga, a cloak of Hunaara. who was an expert in such matters of the finest fibre and workmanship, The two younger brothers of and showed her brother the new way an heirloom which some authorities Hurumaiterangi, namely Tuhua and of dovetailing the pieces in. She ef- say came with the migrants from Tawhao are among the progenitors fectually if not modeslty illustrated Hawaiki, and proferred it in exchange of Ngati Hau and a section of Te what she meant by lying down and for the knowledge they came to Wahineiti. So that the elder branch placing her brother’s legs each side seek. Iwirakau added to the designs of the family of Manutangirua spread of her own. Hingangaroa was invited and styles of the Waiapu carvers new both southwards and northwards to Whakaki and there demonstrated details acquired from Uawa, while from Uawa. the art of joining haumi. It was at Tutaki founded at Te Kaha and the It is from the marriage of Hingangaroa Whakaki on the beach that Iranui neighbourhood, one of the most fa- with IRANUI that we trace the clos- gave birth to her second son, Mahaki. mous schools of carving in pre- est connection between the various The gulls pecked at the birth dis- Pakeha days. Outstanding ex- sections of the descendants of charge, hence the nickname Ewe- amples of the work of the descen- Porourangi from Turanga to karoro. dants of Iwirakau from the Port Wharekahika and thence to the Bay Hingangaroa’s renown as a master Awanui district may be seen in the of Plenty. Iranui was the sister of of the arts and crafts of his race is Auckland Museum. But they are Kahungunu, the ancestor from whom referred to in Rangiuia’s Lament: surpassed by the carved slabs of the

page eight Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 The Porourangi Maori Cultural School front part of a pataka or storehouse, the large population, which at this Ohomatakamokamo. As in other which had been hidden in a cave time occupied the Uawa district. cases the name was probably ap- north of Te Kaha to save them from The settlements linked up with plied to retainers and other nonde- the raiding Nga Puhi. These price- Whangara in the south and with script collections of peoples. At any less remains of the art of Tukaki and Tokomaru in the north. In the fighting rate a people called Ngaoho pervaded his descendants are also preserved which took place between Hauiti and many parts of the Bay of Plenty and in the Auckland Museum. his elder brothers they led large war penetrated to northern Waiapu. We The further story of Te Rawheoro parties whose numbers cannot be will take up their story in the proper School of Learning may be found in accounted for by the direct descen- order. my introduction to Rangiuia’s lament dants of Porourangi. In our previous Te Ahowaiwai mentioned by Wi from which I have quoted freely in lecture we recounted how the elders Pewhairangi are among the tangata these lectures. The Maori Purposes explained the existence of Ngati whenua tribes known to the elders Board are supplying the School with Ruanuku. Wi Pewhairangi accounts of this district, together with the eighty copies of the composition as for the number of Taua’s retainers by Pohoumauma, Raupo-ngaoheohe published in the Wananga magazine. importing them from the Bay of and others. The institution of Te Rawheoro School Plenty, the habitat of the tangata Wi Pewhairangi tells us, that when at Uawa presupposed a state of af- whenua tribes over whom Toi and his these hapu, who were sent by fairs in the district and among the descendants had cast the mantle of Tamatea to be a people for his grand- descendants of Porourangi…… their mana and chieftainship. The sons came they were absorbed into There were born to Iranui by names of the tribes sent by Tamatea the tribe known as Wahineiti. We Hingangaroa three sons, TAUA, to be a people for his grandson are have already seen that Ngati MAHAKI-EWE-KARORO and families in East Coast tradition. Te Ruanuku and Te Wahineiti were prac- HAUITI. With these three ancestors Pananehu are associated with the tically one people at the same time the compartments into which we can district and we will hear of they slew Poroumata and his sons. place the main subdivisions of the them besieging Kahungunu in his pa It is very important to remember in Ngati Porou tribe acquire definite- Maungaakahia at Nukutaurua on the this course and in your studies of the ness. We can say, that it is from the Mahia Peninsula under their leaders settlement of this district, the very eldest, Taua, that the Ngati Porou Tutamure and Tamataipunoa. Te considerable tangata whenua in the element in the make-up of the Hapu Pararaki are referred to in the early population. You will not other- Whanau a Apanui tribe is predomi- patere of Hineiturama of Te Arawa in wise be able to appreciate the many nantly derived; that it is from Mahaki- the following lines: evidences of occupation, especially ewe-karoro, the second brother, and the hill fortifications and terraced pa his marriage with Hinemakaho, that (Nga Moteatea: Part 2, song 131) which extend all along the seaboard Mokai taku whaea i riro atu na, Ngati Porou proper in the limited ap- and up the numerous valleys of the I waiho ai hei hikihiki taua plication of that designation trace Horouta canoe area. descent; and that Te Aitanga a Hauiti Ki te ihu o Pauanui, Ko te hapu Pararaki In the story of Taua and his younger with their center at Uawa claim the To peha taua e te Kirirarauhe ki te rangi. brothers we are concerned chiefly youngest of the sons, Hauiti, as their with the country north of Uawa and eponymous ancestor. The Pararaki people are heard of at west and northwest of it up the TAUA Uawa, up the Hikuwai and at Mangaheia and Hikuwai valleys. Ca- Tokomaru they were prominent in noe transport made possible the oc- I quote here a statement by Wi the killing of Tautini, grandson of cupation of these valleys, but the Pewhairangi, an elder of the Whanau Hauiti, at Toiroa pa. Their name is most important settlements were at a Ruataupare of Tokomaru: associated with the ope of Ngai Tuere the mouth of the Uawa on both “When the three children of Iranui under Tamakoro, Uetaha and other sides of the river and along the coast were born Tamatea-a-Muriwhenua chiefs when they tracked north from to Anaura, Te Mawhai and north of heard of it at Tauranga. When Taua Whangara to recover the lands of that point. was born he sent the Pararaki, Te Ruawaipu in what is now Matakaoa According to one authority the great Pananehu and Ngaoho hapu, also Te County. pa were at Te Karaka Marau and Te Ahowaiwai, to be a people for his As to Ngaoho there are several tra- Mawhai, and that the brothers lived grandson, Taua. When these hapu ditions. One is that it is an ancient at the POHATU-A-TIKI pa at Marau. came they were absorbed into the name for Te Arawa, representing the The name of another pa there was tribe known as Wahineiti. When Taua semi-divine origin of the tribe. The Te Iki-a-Tauira. Closer in to Uawa and and Mahaki saw these people had legend is that an atua in the form of north of it were PAONEONE and been sent for them they commenced Toi co-habited with Te Kuraimonoa, PAERAU. On the west bank of the to persecute their brother Hauiti.” chief wife of Toi, and begat Uawa river and up the Mangaheia We have in this statement an expla- Ohomairangi; hence Nga valleys were other great pa, two of nation of the traditional account of Ohomairangi or Nga which you see as you approach

page nine Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 The Porourangi Maori Cultural School Speech Winners Tolaga Bay township from the north. traced their immediate descendants In that environment and supported by in table paged three children. The his numerous retainers Taua lorded descendants of the eldest, Ratunuku, it over the people of Uawa. He was merged with the people of Turanga. the senior male representative of a One Hineka married Tamaihikitia- great line from Hawaiki and terangi, one of the great chiefs of Whangara. But he was overbearing Turanga and Whangara; while an- and grasping. With his younger other, Whatukai, was the ancestor of brother MAHAKI-EWE-KARORO he Tiopira Tawhiao, a chief of Te Aitanga appears to have exercised his privi- a Mahaki. The descendants of the leges as chief and overlord in a ty- other two children, Kahukaore and rannical manner. Kahukaura, live in the Waiapu valley. Mahaki was favoured by his elder They had one husband, Kuranui. brother and emulated the latter in The descendants of Hinerongorua, Ngati Porou students are showing manner and conduct. We have re- second daughter of Mahaki and their specialised skills in the art of corded the circumstances of his Hinemakaho, are the Whanau a Te speechmaking. birth, here is another account of it Aopare of the Karakatuwhero valley Three out of four Freemasons of New by the late Hone Ngatoto Tuwahiawa, near Te Araroa, a section of Te Zealand Cancer Society Smokefree which I quote here as an introduc- Whanua a Apanui through her mar- Schools Speech Competition win- tion to a fragment, which has riage with Apanui-Waipapa. But ners for the region are from Ruatoria. survived from the ceremonial open- Mahaki is renowned as the leader (From left) Matanuku Parata and ing of Te Kani-a-Takirau meeting and ancestor of Te Wahineiti, who Roimata Papuni Iles from Te Kura house at Uawa: occupied the Waiapu Valley, chiefly Kaupapa Maori o te Waiu o Ngati on the south side of the Waiapu Val- Porou took out the Maori section for ‘Mo Mahaki te tikanga o tenei haka, i ley. By his marriage with Rakairoa form 1 and 2. Puna Manuel from Te whanau atu i a Iranui ki te one i (I) he and his descendants obtained Manutahi School won the form 2 En- Kaimatai, kei te Whakaki. a substantial footing in the center of glish section. Ko te take o te haere a Iranui ki reira, i the Ngati Porou district and with the Over 500 students from 19 schools haere raua ko te tane, ko Hingangaroa, Toi background of the early Maori took part in the regional heats. ki te whakaako i a Kahungunu ki te settlers there. The trio will compete in a national whakatutaki haumi . Ka whanau level at Parliament in September. a Mahaki, ka puta te ewe i te akau, ka They were not the first of the kainga e te karoro, ka tau atu te Porourangi stock to penetrate the kowhitiwhiti o ro rimu ki runga. lower Waiapu Valley. There is evi- “Ko Mahaki i mate ki te moana i te dence, that the descendants of whainga i te ika, i te aturere, i te Rongomaianiwaniwa, daughter of atihakona.” Porourangi, preceded them, Rongomaianiwaniwa married one This is the haka fragment referred to. Tawakika, who by the genealogical It was part of the ceremonial wel- tables would be a contemporary of come to Eru Pahau of Mangahanea Rakaipo. Most of her children were and his party on the occasion of the found in occupation of the lower opening of Te Kani meeting house. Waiapu Valley, some on the north side of the mouth of the , “Nou anake te tipuna i whanau haere i te one i Kaimatai; some on the southern side between Ka tuku mai te karoro ka timotimoia, Waiomatatini and . ka kainga e te whitiwhiti Mahaki ended his days while out fish- Hoki rawa mai ki te kainga ka tutu nga ing off the Uawa coast. But this was tokotoru a Iranui. some time after the events, which will Ka mate ra koe i te ngaere-nuku. i te be narrated in our next lecture and Whangara-mai-Tawhiti are the win- ngaere-rangi, which led to his expulsion together ners of the recently held 49th I te whainga atu ki te ika tutu, ki te ika with this elder brother, Taua, from the Karaitiana Tamararo Tairawhiti Fes- koaro, ki te ika kohurawea...... lands immediately north of Uawa. tival of Maori Performing Arts. Ka tukua kaunehe ki te huanui, iri tonu Hauiti, the youngest of the children of Second-equal placegetters were te ake ki te whare!’ Iranui, led a revolt against Taua and Turanga Wahine Turanga Tane and Mahaki and succeeded after much Turanga Ararau. The wife of Mahaki was Hinemakaho, fighting in driving them from Uawa to These teams, along with Waiherere, sister of Poroumata, and a lady who the neighbourhood of Mangatuna and will be ‘representing’ at this year’s occupies a high place in the galaxy beyond. The circumstances will be national kapa haka festival at of Ngati Porou ancestors. We have detailed in our next lecture. Auckland.

page ten Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 “Living Culture” - OUR WORLD, OUR PLACE, OUR HOME

An update by Tourism Ngati What made our product so Porou co-ordinator Kerry attractive? Johnston We received the following For the third year, TRONP rep- feedback: resentatives took Tourism Ngati Porou to an International  An opportunity to meet Tourism buyer event. Ngati Porou people in TRENZ EXPO is New ways that allow real hu- Zealand’s showcase of the man exchange country’s best tourism and  That we were not travel products. commercialised The expo held at Christchurch  That all contact was with in May attracted 400 interna- Ngati Porou people who tional buyer companies and live in their respective com- 394 seller companies. munities This year saw a distinct day marae/home/farm stay combination  That structures hadn’t been built change in the buyer companies who for small groups 10 to 35 and free in- just for tourists. were seeking out the -authentic Maori dependent travellers-FIT, (camper van  That it is not only aspects of our product! type tourists.) This is a new experience, culture but the whole thing That’s where we come in - “Living Cul- which has not been offered before on ture” Our World Our Place Our home - the tourist market. Where to from here: Our Way! TRONP was also represented at the The four-day expo involved 70 con- We will maintain our edge in the local/ expo by trustee chairman Api Mahuika firmed appointments plus another 24, national/international market to ensure and Lillian Tangaere-Baldwin. scheduled outside of the EXPO that we do not become pawns in some- We worked around the clock meeting timeframe. one else’s game or the Maori face to with prospective buyers and promoting Out of the 40 wholesale buyer compa- someone else’s product and like other the Ngati Porou package as the next nies 34 confirmed they would return to local industry initiatives are relegated travel destination for those who really their respective countries and on sell to being purely the labourers. We want wanted the ‘authentic Maori product’. our product between August and Octo- to be the industry designers and lead- The tourism package includes a three- ber 2001. ers. Strength-based, child-centred, family focused

An update by Tuhono Whanau man- ager Min Love

Exciting new ventures are on the hori- zon for Tuhono Whanau, a programme designed to nurture the well being of our new mothers and their babies. We have recently welcomed four new kaiawhina (pictured left to right) Julliet Lardelli, Katerina Mill, Rauhuia Smith and Heni Tibble. (Also pictured is nine- month-old Kieran Wood.) The programme which has been based at Hamoterangi on Gisborne’s Wainui Road, since its launch last Oc- tober, will be relocating to the Kaiti Mall. Due to the growth of the programme it is inevitable that the service relocate to a larger venue. Each whanau are assigned with their phases and stages of child develop- We are sad to leave the warmth and own Kaiawhina based on mutual com- ment, parent-child interaction, home mauri that Hamoterangi has provided patibility. The Kaiawhiha visit the made resources, age appropriate ac- for us. However, the new move is an whanau regularly to assist them in ac- tivities, Te Hinengaro Miharo (informa- exciting venture with the larger space cessing community services. They tion about “The Amazing Brain”) and how increasing our capability to provide a also encourage whanau to draw on nature and nurture impact and influence more efficient and wider range of ser- their own strengths, skills and abilities the development of our children. vices to whanau. to achieve positive goals for them- The Kaiawhina are able to deliver the Tuhono Whanau would like to acknowl- selves and their children. entire Tuhono Whanau programme edge all the whanau who have taken The Kaiawhina are trained to deliver (in from a Ngati Porou/Iwi perspective as the opportunity to be part of this very the home) the Ahuru Mowai / Born to well as a mainstream perspective if this positive home based programme. Learn curriculum that focuses on is more comfortable for the whanau.

page eleven Te Runanga o Ngati Porou NATI LINK June 2001 Mountain back in the hands of Iwi

Ko Hikurangi te maunga, ko Waiapu te awa, ko Ngati Porou te iwi. Cel- ebrating the historic agreement over the title of Mt Hikurangi at Uepohatu Marae, Ruatoria in June were (from left) TRONP deputy chairman Selwyn Parata. Maori Land Court Judge Pat Savage, Ngati Porou kaumatua Tom Te Maro, deputy chief Maori Land Court Judge William Isaac, TRONP chairman Api Mahuika and Maori Land Court Judge Caren Wickliffe

Continued from page 1

“It’s quite different from other iwi The agreement ratified earlier this is a dream come true for Mr Mahuika mountains where they have to share month at Uepohatu allows TRONP and all those involved with negotia- management with DOC and also have to withhold access to the mountain tions for the return of the mountain. to share other issues pertaining to for up to 50 days a year for the pur- Mr Mahuika advised his son their mountain with others than the pose of spiritual, cultural or religious Matanuku Mahuika to take up the iwi themselves,” adds Mr Mahuika. events and for farming operations. legal case at no cost – to right the Counsel for the Runanga, Mr Since the alienation of Hikurangi and wrong that had occurred when their Matanuku Mahuika, says the out- other Ngati Porou lands, successive great-grandmother Ngoingoi Harata come legally confirms the mana generations have sought the return Taheke from Te Aowera took part in whenua status of Ngati Porou over of the mountain to Ngati Porou. the signing of the lease that first alien- Hikurangi. In 1989 the opportunity to negotiate ated the Hikurangi land from its “The mountain does not belong to the return of Hikurangi became a re- people in the early 1900s. any one sector – it belongs to all of ality. Colin Williams then owner of “Research indicates that what our Ngati Porou,” he says. Pakihiroa and one half of Hikurangi, tipuna actually signed was a lease An application to provide a walkway spoke with Tamati Reedy, the then but the lease provision became a sale easement and conservation covenant Secretary of Maori Affairs to ascer- provision …and that is how rapidly was granted by Deputy Chief Maori tain if Ngati Porou would want to pur- the law was changing. What we Land Court Judge Wilson Isaac, as- chase Pakihiroa, which encom- understood one thing to be – became sisted by Judges Caren Wickliffe and passes Hikurangi. something vastly different the next Pat Savage, after a hearing of sub- This became the platform for an 11- day.” missions from the Ministry of Con- year debate and negotiations with Ngati Porou pakeke, led by Sir servation and Te Runanga o Ngati Crown to expedite the return of Henare Ngata, Tom Te Maro and Porou. Both parties supported the Hikurangi to Ngati Porou. Hunaara Tangaere, all stressed the application and this coupled with the The transfer of the title complete with importance of the mountain as a fact that the three adjucating judges covenant and easement to TRONP taonga of the Ngati Porou people. are all of Ngati Porou descent.

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