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Mcfate's Mission Profile by nina burleigh Montgomery McFate, anthropologist and military adviser, at home in Washington, D.C. Montgomery McFate, senior adviser to the Department of Defense in a controversial effort to put anthropologists in the service of national security, long ago went undercover. This former California-hardcore-punk-scene denizen’s only nod to that past life is her tightly cropped dyed- blonde hair. The pantsuits McFate now wears could easily be from Hillary Clinton’s closet, and she Mhas gold studs, not safety pins, in her ears. The daughter of beatnik parents, McFate grew up on a decommissioned World War II barge and now lives in a well- appointed Washington, D.C., apartment where she and her U.S. Army vet husband recently played host to the Swedish defense attaché. Yet at 41, Montgomery McFate apparently still can’t resist the lure of transgression. Though coy about it, she’s said to be the brains behind the blog I Luv a Man in Uniform, where Pentagon Diva feverishly debates the relative hotness of various Department of Defense wonks. agency But whether her colleagues at the DOD, or anyone else, really artist . e . h believe she is Pentagon Diva is of . t little concern to her. She has much for more important work to do. For the past five years, McFate, hannan McFate’s a Yale- and Harvard-educated cultural anthropologist, has been jacquie : Mission on a self-described evangelical makeup mission to help the U.S. and government better understand the Can a former punk roCker raised on a houseboat cultures of Iraq and Afghanistan. hair . Change the way ameriCa fights? meet the pentagon’s McFate wants to make sure newest weapon in the wars in iraq and afghanistan larsen that American “war fighters”— Pentagon-speak for the troops—are erika equipped with the kind of : photo 120 / More / September 2007 Profile m c fate’s mission knowledge that field anthropolo- a $20 million project, awkwardly gists gather, say, about the isolated “I was named the Human Terrain System. tribes of Papua New Guinea and As senior adviser, McFate vets the share with one another in books interested in ground teams. Her ideal hire, she and lectures. “A lot of people says, has a PhD in Middle Eastern think this information is out the intellectual studies, is fluent in Arabic and there,” she says. “That’s not true.” also happens to have trained with At the simplest level, there’s this connection the Navy Seals. And, yes, she has oft-cited example: American found a few. guards at checkpoints should between these McFate’s work has won her know that Iraqis regard a hand accolades (including a Distin- held up with palm facing out as a two worlds— guished Public Service Award sign to approach, not to stop. And from the navy) and the support of then there’s the big picture: that anthropologists some very prominent members the United States’ plan to disman- of the military establishment. tle every aspect of Saddam and armies.” “She is the person I would hold Hussein’s government relied on responsible for getting the the assumption that a stable of the secretary of defense; she Department of Defense to really bureaucracy had been in place spent 18 months interviewing talk about why it is and was to begin with—a fatal mistake, hundreds of soldiers returning important to understand the McFate believes. “If we had known from Iraq and Afghanistan about culture in a place like Iraq,” says more about Iraq then, we’d have cultural miscues and dangerous retired navy commander Lilia realized that the whole country miscommunications. Ramirez, a program director at the had already been ripped apart “For example, Iraqi Shias fly Department of Homeland Security under Saddam Hussein,” she says. black flags, which have symbolic and one of McFate’s mentors at “That kind of misunderstanding religious meaning,” McFate says. the ONR. “And she has really should never happen again.” “Some marines told me that, connected well with the marines early in the war, they attacked and soldiers.” taking flak at home unnecessarily because they Many fellow anthropologists, McFate wasn’t always this clear misinterpreted this as a sort of however, are less enthusiastic about her “mission” in life, but opposite of surrender—a sign that about McFate’s work, troubled she’d long been fascinated by the read ‘Shoot here!’ by the idea of linking humanistic notion of making social science “If the military is trying to scholars to the national security relevant to the military. “I was rebuild a country, fight an insur- apparatus. They fear that her interested in the idea of an intellec- gency and establish civil order, efforts will undermine American tual connection between these two common sense dictates that they anthropologists’ safety and different worlds—anthropologists ought to know as much as possible credibility overseas. and armies,” she says, noting that about the environment—physical “The Pentagon hopes that Margaret Mead, among others, had and social—in which they are anthropology can be to the war on worked on government projects operating,” she says. Not only terror what physics was to during World War II. “Anthropolo- did McFate identify gaps in the the Cold War. If that happens, gists even use the same language military’s cultural knowledge, but our discipline will never be the as intelligence services—words she proposed filling them by send- same,” says Hugh Gusterson, a pro- such as local knowledge and infor- ing teams of social scientists into fessor of anthropology at George mant.” In 2003 McFate began the field to act as military staff Mason University. “I have no issue exploring these connections dur- advisers. In a Department of with anthropologists doing a ing a fellowship at the Office of Defense scrambling to resolve the one-day briefing with U.S. troops Naval Research, and her work growing crisis in Iraq, her idea before they leave for Iraq,” he there led to a study for the office caught on fast; the initiative is now adds. But projects such as McFate’s 122 / More / September 2007 Profile m c fate’s mission are “using culture to grease the danced the night away; Wilson skids for occupation.” would later model a character on “The bottom line is that the McFate in her novel Colors Insulting needs of anthropology and the to Nature. In the book a girl named needs of military action are Lorna serves as the common- radically at odds,” reads one sense-talking ballast for the main angry post on the blog Savage character—in a relationship that Minds: Notes and Queries in closely resembled the real-life one Anthropology. “McFate is arguing the two friends had when they for an enlightened tyrrany [sic], were growing up. Wilson says she’s but a tyranny nonetheless.” not surprised to find her old pal working for the DOD. anarchy on the Bay “Very early on in her girlhood, Strains of opera and the aroma of she developed Teen Beat–style McFate’s an increasingly fragrant lamb stew and Neal Cassady, and sold fake first wave of crushes on the movers and shakers waft in from the kitchen, where Polynesian wooden statues to scholar- at the center of exclusive, hermetic McFate’s husband, Sean, 38, is Trader Vic’s for a living. advisers and usually male-dominated have hit cooking. The apartment is filled Mitzy did her homework in the the ground subcultures—punk rock, for with nineteenth-century Asian relative peace of a bus stop bench, in Iraq and example, and its charismatic lead- art. Two pampered Siamese cats, prompting cops at one point to Afghanistan; ers,” Wilson says. “Her intellectual soon she’ll Tosca and Lakme, slink around suspect that the solitary little girl be joining crushes turned toward more behind Japanese screens and pad with the long light-brown hair them. complex and exclusive social over the Oriental rugs in the living was a child prostitute. A beloved orders: the Ivy League, the military. room. Smoking American Spirits grandmother (“the only stable At heart, she was always a fan. She one after another—“They don’t person in my life when I was really adores tough people with have the weird chemicals the growing up,” she says) lived with big brains, burning ambitions. others have”—McFate reminisces them on the barge for a time, but She brilliantly found a way to make about her offbeat childhood: “In she died when McFate was eight. this her profession.” the world I lived in, there was no Her father, who had served in the The punk scene lost its appeal bedtime, no dinner or breakfast. Marine Corps during the Korean when some of Mitzy’s friends began No one helped you get to school on War, was mentally ill and spent doing hard drugs, sometimes with time, because your parents were most of the years she knew him fatal results. “After all of those out all night or waking up in bed unemployed and living in a shack people died, I was like, whoa, this with someone new. I spent a lot of made of tinfoil. He committed has to end, I can’t be involved in this time trying to get out of my house.” suicide when she was 10. anymore,” McFate says. The only child of Frances By her teens, Mitzy was finding After working her way through Poynter and Martin Carlough, kindred spirits in the early 1980s two years of community college, she Mitzy, as she was known, grew up punk scene. “I was a very good was accepted at the University of on a disused military barge moored student in high school,” she says.
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