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Symbolism in Agriculture: a Qualitative Inquiry of the Visual Vocabularies of Graphic Communicators by Jenise Haynes Wooten, BA

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Symbolism in Agriculture: a Qualitative Inquiry of the Visual Vocabularies of Graphic Communicators by Jenise Haynes Wooten, BA Symbolism in agriculture: A qualitative inquiry of the visual vocabularies of graphic communicators by Jenise Haynes Wooten, BA, MAE A Dissertation In Agricultural Communications Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved Dr. Courtney D. Gibson Chair of Committee Dr. Cindy Akers Dr. Amy Boren-Alpizar Future Akins-Tillett, MFA Mark Sheridan Dean of the Graduate School August 2019 Copyright 2019, Jenise Haynes Wooten Texas Tech University, Jenise Haynes Wooten, August 2019 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Throughout my six years in the Agricultural Communications department, I have received a great deal of support. I want to thank all my classmates for accepting a nonconventional student such as myself. I want to thank my committee chair, Dr. Courtney Gibson, for guiding me through the long and winding road of research and writing. I look forward to future collaborations in the field. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Cindy Akers, for giving me the opportunity to teach and for the great example you show all the students in ACOM. Dr. Amy Boren-Alpizar, thank you for your support in my writing. I am forever grateful for your pep talks and excellent advice through this journey. I would not be at this juncture if not for Future Akin-Tillett. You have been an artistic mentor, coach, and cheerleader to me for decades. Thank you most of all, for your example of how to be a strong woman. I want to thank my family for their support and understanding. Without your encouragement, this goal would have been impossible. To my husband, Johnny, thank you for supporting me when I was mired in self-doubt and for telling me I can do this! Thank you to my daughter Holley for listening to my research ideas and for understanding when I was on a tight schedule. Most of all, thank you for pitching in and doing things before I was aware they were in needed to be done. Thank you to the first Dr. Wooten. You showed me that busy people could accomplish anything. ii Texas Tech University, Jenise Haynes Wooten, August 2019 To my mother, you have been my lifelong mentor. I am what and where I am because of your outstanding example. You showed me that tenacity is a virtue and that strength is in our DNA. I started this journey because your support showed me that anything is possible. I would also like to extend my thanks to my co-workers, who were my constant supporters and cheerleaders. None of this would be possible without my excellent support system, academic, personal, and professionally. iii Texas Tech University, Jenise Haynes Wooten, August 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ..................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................. viii LIST OF FIGURES ..............................................................................................ix I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 Topic and Statement of Problem ............................................................................. 4 Theoretical Framework ........................................................................................... 8 Study Design ......................................................................................................... 10 Participants ............................................................................................................ 13 Data Sources and Instruments ............................................................................... 14 Data Analysis Techniques ..................................................................................... 15 Limitations ............................................................................................................. 16 Delimitations ......................................................................................................... 17 Assumptions .......................................................................................................... 17 Conclusion ............................................................................................................. 18 II. AN QUALITATIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL IMAGES IN LITTLE GOLDEN BOOKS .................................................. 20 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 20 Background ............................................................................................................ 21 Research Objectives and Purpose of the Study ..................................................... 26 Theoretical Framework ......................................................................................... 26 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 28 Trustworthiness, Validity, and Credibility ............................................................ 37 Limitations ............................................................................................................. 38 Findings ................................................................................................................. 38 Discussion, Conclusions, and Implications ........................................................... 45 Recommendations ................................................................................................. 46 References ............................................................................................................. 50 iv Texas Tech University, Jenise Haynes Wooten, August 2019 III. A GRAPHIC ELICITATION STUDY OF GRAPHIC COMMUNICATORS AND AGRICULTURAL PERCEPTIONS ........... 54 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 54 Background ............................................................................................................ 55 Theoretical Framework ......................................................................................... 61 Purpose of the Study and Research Objectives ..................................................... 63 Methodology .......................................................................................................... 64 Trustworthiness–Validity and Credibility ............................................................. 69 Limitations ............................................................................................................. 70 Findings ................................................................................................................. 71 Discussion, Conclusions, and Implications ........................................................... 86 Recommendations ................................................................................................. 88 References ............................................................................................................. 90 IV. A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF GRAPHIC COMMUNICATORS AND THEIR VISUAL VOCABULARIES ........... 94 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 94 Theoretical Framework ....................................................................................... 100 Purpose and Objectives ....................................................................................... 101 Methodology ........................................................................................................ 103 Trustworthiness, Validity, and Credibility .......................................................... 108 Limitations ........................................................................................................... 110 Findings ............................................................................................................... 110 Discussions, Conclusions, and Implications ....................................................... 125 Recommendations ............................................................................................... 126 References ........................................................................................................... 129 V. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................ 133 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 133 Discussions for Phase One – Qualitative Content Analysis of Little Golden Books ................................................................................ 133 Discussions for Phase Two – Graphic Elicitation Exercise ................................ 136 v Texas Tech University, Jenise Haynes Wooten, August 2019 Discussions for Phase Three – A Phenomenological Study of Graphic Communicators and Their Visual Vocabularies ........................ 140 Recommendations ............................................................................................... 143 BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................
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