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Medication Review Blood and Blood Formation Products

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Medication Review, Bloos and Blood Formation Products

PassAssured's Pharmacy Technician Training Program

Medication Review Blood and Blood Formation Products

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Definitions

Therapeutic Classes

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PassAssured's Pharmacy Technician Training Program

Medication Review Blood and Blood Formation Products

Click Here to Print Topic Help File , .pdf Click Here for Glossary Index! (Internet Access is Required for this Feature)

Definitions

Blood  A mixture of water, cells, proteins, and dissolved salts. Blood serves as the transportation system for hormones, nutrients, and waste products within the body.

Iron Deficiency Anemia  Anemia due to a decrease in circulating red blood cells and resulting in decreased delivery of oxygen to body tissues.

 Treated with iron salts (ferrous sulfate)

Megaloblastic anemia  Anemia due to increased circulation of immature abnormal red blood cells resulting in decreased delivery of oxygen to body tissues.

 Treated with specific vitamins and minerals depending on which ones are needed (vitamin B-12, folic acid).

Therapeutic Classes

Anticoagulants

Use  Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)  Pulmonary emboli  Atrial fibrillation with embolism  Prophylaxis of systemic emboli after myocardial infarction

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Mechanism of Action  Stop or slow the normal blood clotting processes

Patient Information  Instruct patient not to take aspirin or any new medications (including non- prescription medications) without his/her provider's knowledge.

Side Effects  Excess bleeding

Examples: Warfarin (Coumadin) - Legend Drug Heparin Enoxaparin (Lovenox) - Legend Drug Danapariod (Orgaran) - Legend Drug Dalteparin (Fragmin) - Legend Drug Anisindione (Miradon) - Legend Drug Dicumarol (Dicumarol) - Legend Drug Tinzaparin (Innohep) - Legend Drug Desirudin (Iprivask) - Legend Drug) Lepirudin (Refludan) - Legend Drug Argatroban - Legend Drug Bivalirudin (Angiomax) - Legend Drug Fondaparinux (Arixtra) - Legend Drug

Hemostatics

Uses  Treatment of excessive bleeding (e.g., surgical bleeding, hemophilia, vitamin K deficiency)

Mechanism of Action  Affects the blood clotting process

Examples: Gelatin (Gelfoam) - Legend Drug Thrombin (Thrombinar) - Legend Drug

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Aminocaproic acid (Amicar) - Legend Drug Phytonadione (Mephyton) Vitamin K - Legend Drug Factor VII (Monoclate) - Legend Drug Aprotinin (Trasylol) - Legend Drug Tranexamic acid (Cyklokapron) - Legend Drug

Antithrombotics

Use  To decrease platelet aggregation (stickiness) and to decrease unwanted clot formation (e.g., heart attack prevention)

Examples: Aspirin (Anacin, Ascriptin, Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin) - OTC Drugs Dipyridamole (Persantine) - Legend Drug Clopidogrel (Plavix) - Legend Drug Ticlopidine (Ticlid) - Legend Drug

Thrombolytics

Use  To dissolve existing blood clots

 To decrease the muscle damage associated with heart attacks

 To treat pulmonary emboli

Side Effect:  Excessive bleeding

Examples: TPA (Alteplase) - Legend Drug Streptokinase (Streptase) - Legend Drug APSAC (Eminase) - Legend Drug TPA (Activase) - Legend Drug Reteplase (Retevase) - Legend Drug Urokinase (Abbokinase) - Legend Drug

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Hemorrheologic Agents

Use  Intermittent claudication - severe cramping in legs

Mechanism of Action  Decrease blood viscosity and help to increase blood flow to areas of need

Side Effects  Nausea/vomiting

 Dizziness

Example: Pentoxifylline (Trental) - Legend Drug

Antianemics

Use  To treat anemia caused by iron or vitamin deficiencies (e.g., megaloblastic anemia)

Patient Information  Take with meals to avoid stomach upset

Side Effects  Diarrhea or constipation

 Nausea/vomiting

Examples: Iron Sulfate (Slow-Fe) - OTC Drug Ferrous Gluconate (iron supplement) - OTC Drug Folic Acid - OTC Drug Thiamine (Vitamin B6) - OTC Drug Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12) - tablets OTC Drug/ injection Legend Drug

Colony Stimulating Factor

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Filgrastim (Neupogen) - Legend Drug  given to cancer patients for bone marrow transplants must be refrigerated.

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