Association. at -SHEFFIELD, JULY 24Th to 31St, 1908
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Mr E. RUiNAL , I 908D THt ANNUAL MEETING. ~JULY.4 JuLY 4, 1938.] THE ANNUAL MEETING.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'I L E1A JOURWNAL 3I Photograph by] Clumber House and Church. [(G. W. Wtlson ana Co. SEVENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE British Medical Association. AT -SHEFFIELD, JULY 24th to 31St, 1908. d. ' * HE visit, now so near at numerous fine reservoirs and valuable water rights, to. 4 4 hand, of the British Medical which it has added considerably. It lhas acquired the Association to Sheffield has tramways, which yield it a handsome annual profit-no- aroused an interest among less a sum than £45,696 for the year ending March, 1907, the inhabitants of the city Electric lighting is also now in the hands of the Corpora-- generally, and an evident tion, though gas continues to be supplied by a private- desire to make the visit a company. The markets have been purchased from the memorable one, which lord of the manor, the Duke of Norfolk; and many augur well for the success parks and recreation grounds have been added to the of the gathering. There city. has been no lack of prof- In 1876 Sheffield was a town of narrow streets and ferred hospitality on the no architectural pretensions whatsoever. The Moor, or- part of --private individuals "Sheffield Moor," to the south of the town, and and of firms, and the mem- 'the Wicker," to the north, were then the only wide bers of the Association will thorouahfares; whilst the streets in the centre of the have opportunities of see- town, especially High Street, formed a sort of "bottle All this is and Roche Abbey ing the various processes neck" between. changed, High Street,, Photograph bq C. F. Coombe. of manufacture especially Fargate, and Pinstone Street, both in width and in identified with Sheffield in the character of their buildings, do credit to the city. the large works and factories of the city. On two previous The Town Hall, opened by Her late Majesty Queen occasions the Association has visited Sheffield in 1845. Victoria in 1897, has taken the place of a number iunder its original title, the Provincial Medical and Surgical of inconvenient Corporation offices and a "makeshift" Association, when Dr. Charles Favell was President and council chamber in the old Mechanics' Institute, now Dr. Ferguson Branson Secretary, and again in 1876 as the the Free Library. Its fine proportions, marble entrance British Medical Association. On the occasion of the latter hall and staircase, spacious council chamber, and hand-- visit the Presidential chair was occupied by Dr. De Bar- some suite of reception rooms are worthy of one of the tolome, who was for many years President of the Sheffield principal cities in the kingdom. Sheffield now possesses. Medical School and Senior Physician to the Infirmary. a university, and hopes shortly to become the centre of a and the Secretaries were Dr. Keeling, who is still in new episcopal see. practice in Sheffield, and the late Mr. Arthur Jackson. The Address in Surgery was delivered by the late SOME SHEFFIELD TRADES. Mr. William Favell, one of a family still represented in Down to-the latter part of the eighteenth century the. Sheffield which for upwards of a century has held a mianufacture of cutlery in Sheffield was almost a cottage prominent and honourable position in the profession in industry. Large works were then unknown, and the- the town. master and his journeymen and apprentices dealt with every process. With the introduction of the steam engine THE CITY OF SHEFFIELD. in 1786 a great change took place. The workmen were A great transformation has taken place in Sheffield gathered together in factories, and division of labour wash since 1876. Often spoken of satirically then as " a large introduced down to the smallest detail. At the present village," it has since risen to the dignity of a great city. time, in the case of a pocket-knife, different hands are From a population of about 260,000 then, the number of employed in cutting the scales of ivory, wood, bone, etc., its inhabitants has increased to about 460,000 at the which form the outer casing of the knife. Another set of present time. The Mayor has become the Lord Mayor, men make the springs, another the brass or iron fittings. and the dignity and importance of his office has increased The forging, hardening, and grinding of the blades are all materially in the last thirty years. The Corporation has of them specialized industries, and the only workman now acquired the property of the old Water Company, with its known as a " cutler " is the man who makes up the knife THUS BRITISH 1 32 MEDICAL JOURNAL J THE ANNUAL MEETING. [JULY 4, I908. by putting together the several parts which-have been Silver-plating is one of the older industries of Sheffield, fashioned by other hands; In other branches of the asid old Sheffield plate, which represents the earliest form cutlery trade the same division of labour is met with. of'silver-plating, is now much sought after by collectors, Fortunately, the spirit fostered in bygone years by the and when genuine commands a high price. The art of Cutlers' Company, before the era of specialization, still plating silver upon copper was discovered in Sheffield in survives, and the Sheffield workman continues to take a 1742 by Thomas Bolsover, and held the field for a hundred pride in the quality of the work he turns out, with the years. In 1840 electro-plAting was discovered by a Bir- result that the reputation of knives made in Sheffield still mingham surgeon, Mr. John Wright, a native of the neigh- stands high in the markets of the world. bourhood of Sheffield, and for some time assistant to Although the name of Sheffield is, perhaps, more widely Dr. Shearman, of Rotherham. Although Messrs. Elkington, identified with the manufacture of cutlery than with any- of Birmingham, bought and patented the process, a Sheffield thing else, the city is also the chief armoury of the Empire, manufacturer obtained a licence to carry it out in Sheffield, no less than three of its leading firms being now able to and the Mr. Walker whom he sent to study the process furnish a battleship and its complete equipment of engines, at Messrs. Elkington's was the founder of the firm of arm-our, arms, and ammunition-a fact which renders Walker and Hall, now carrying on the trade in the city. Shefield unique amongst the manufacturing cities of the Britannia metal, an alloy of tin, antimony, and copper, -world. There is also a considerable amount of railway used principally in the manufacture of teapots, jugs, imaticrial manufactured in Sheffield, though in recent years spoons, etc., was introduced about 1769 by James Vickers, the town has suffered much in this respect from foreign of Sheffield, and the trade was very largely developed by competition. the well-known firm of James Dixon and Sons, of Cornisli Steel is produced in Sheffield by three methods: Place. Sheffield possesses one of the few Assay Offices in UEXTBENWH ANNIVERSARY rhe MUSEUM ofthe PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, Music Hall, Surrey Street. Open from eleven to four. 0P THE 10. The INFIRMARY. Dr. Favell, Mr. Henry Jackson, and Mr Thomas will meetgentlemen at the Infirmary at half past nme, on Thursday morning. 11. Messrs. Stuart, Smith & Cos STOVE GRATE MANUFAC- TORY, Roscoe Place Time of Casting, eleven A.M. and half-past four Ps.x. 12. Messrs. Dixon's BRlTANNIA METAL AND PLATED MANUFACTORY, Cornish Place. 13. The SOHO GRINDING WHEEL. JULY 30th AND- 3st, 1846. 14. Messrs. Shaw and Yeoman's SPINDLE MANUFACTORY, Bridge Street. (Du*t Fans.) 1-5. Messr Chadburn'sOPTICAL GLASS GRINDING ESTAB- LISHMENT, Staley Street, Wicker. 16. Joseph Rodgers 4nd.Sons SHOW ROOMS and IANNUFAC- T(ORY, Norfolk Street.. 17. Messrs. Creswick's SILVER PLATING ESTABLISH- MENT, Paternoster Row. 18. Yotnge's SILVER ROLLING MILL, Brammall Lane. OBJECTS WORTHY OF NOTICE IN THE TOWN AND NEIGHBOURHOOD OF SHEFFIELD. I The above-named Establishments will be opened to any Member Qf the tsociatitn durisg the two days of Meet. 1. The PARISH CHURCH. The Chancel contains Chantrey's first Bust. (Closed on Weduesday between the hours of ing, on the production of this Card. 11 and 12, and 3 and 4.) 2. The BOTANICAL GARDENS.... Mr. W. Jackson, M-r. CH&TSWORT , 12 Miles from Sheffield,onthe Rd. 3. liue CEMETERY...Ra. and Mr. BuSxton Beckitt HADDON HALL, ... 16 ditto.... on the Matlock Road. 4. T'he SHREWSBURY HOSPITAL {will be at the Cu'lers' HAuDwIcx ........ 20 ditto. o onthe Mansfield Road. The CHOLERA Hall at 5. GROUND ......) half-past six BosovaStR ......... 18 ditto on the Mansfield to Road. on Thursday morning accompany any Members of the W zNTWOiTET HOUSB 9 ditto. on the Barnsley Road. Association who may desire to visit these places. We4YTWORTU CASTLU 12 ditto . on the Barnsley Road. 6. T'he GOVERNMENT SCHOOL of DESIGN Dr.Harwood RociCa ABBSY...... 12 ditto.............on theRetfordlRoad. 7. WESLEY COLLEGE .-............. I &Mr.Nichol- son wiU attend on Thursday, at the Custlet-s' Hall, at half- ( past SiX A.M. All letters for Members of the Association directed, " Pro- 8 Messrs. Sanderson's STEEL CONVERTING FURNACES, vincial Medical and Surgical Association, Sheffield,' will be 132, West Street. forwarded to the care of Dr. BRANSON, the Local Secretary,I (Tt,tn over.), at the Cutlers' Hall. 1. The Crucible Process, of which a Sheffield man, the kinadom, the other Enalish offices being in London, Huntsman, was the discoverer a century and a half ago, Birmingham, and Chester.