The Survey of Diversity in Leaf, Breack and Fruit Morphological Characters of Carpinus Betulus in Various Geographical Conditions
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European Hornbeam Carpinus Betulus ‘Fastigiata’
Smart tree selections for communities and landowners European Hornbeam Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’ Height: 35’ Spread: 25’ Site characteristics: Sun to partial shade; prefers moist, well-drained soils Zone: 5a - 7a Wet/dry: Tolerates drought, heavy soil and alkaline soils Native range: Europe, Western Asia Salt: Sensitive pH: 5.0 - 8.2 Shape: Narrow when young, becoming oval Other: Narrow branching angles Additional: Transplant in spring, somewhat slow to establish from bare root Pests: Some occasional dieback Bert Cregg, MSU Bert Cregg, Bert Cregg, MSU Bert Cregg, Bugwood.org Hungary, of West Univ. Norbert Frank, Content development: Dana Ellison, Tree form illustrations: Marlene Cameron. Smart tree selections for communities and landowners Bert Cregg and Robert Schutzki, Michigan State University, Departments of Horticulture and Forestry A smart urban or community landscape has a diverse combination of trees. The devastation caused by exotic pests such as Dutch elm disease, chestnut blight and emerald ash borer has taught us the importance of species diversity in our landscapes. Exotic invasive pests can devastate existing trees because many of these species may not have evolved resistance mechanisms in their native environments. In the recent case of emerald ash borer, white ash and green ash were not resistant to the pest and some communities in Michigan lost up to 20 percent of their tree cover. To promote diverse use of trees by homeowners, landscapers and urban foresters, Michigan State University Extension offers a series of tip sheets for smart urban and community tree selection. In these tip sheets, we suggest trees that should be considered in situations where an ash tree may have been planted in the past. -
Charbrook Nursery
charbrook nursery Plant List Spring-Summer-Autumn 2020 Name Size Wholesale Red Maple 1.5"-2" $200.00 Acer rubrum `Brandywine`, `Frank Jr.`, `Franksred` TM, `Sun Valley` 2"-2.5" $260.00 Single-stem 2.5"-3" $380.00 3"-3.5" $500.00 3.5"-4" $670.00 4"-4.5" $860.00 Sugar Maple 1.5"-2" $250.00 Acer saccharum `Fall Fiesta`, Flashfire 2"-2.5" $300.00 2.5"-3" $380.00 Autumn Blaze Maple 2.5"-3" $360.00 Acer rubrum 'Autumn Blaze' x 'Freemanii' 3"-3.5" $470.00 3.5"-4" $640.00 4"-4.5" $850.00 Shadblow Serviceberry 4'-5' $195.00 Amelanchier x grandiflora 'Autumn Brillance' 5'-6' $240.00 Multi-stem 6'-7' $285.00 7'-8' $420.00 8'-10' $630.00 10'-12' $855.00 Yellow Birch 1"-1.5" $180.00 Betula alleghaniensis 1.5"-2" $250.00 2"-2.5" $350.00 2.5"-3" $460.00 Sweet Birch 1.5"-2" $210.00 Betula lenta 2"-2.5" $300.00 2.5"-3" $400.00 Paper Birch 1.5"-2" $210.00 Betula papyrifera 2"-2.5" $300.00 Betula papyrifera `Varen` 2.5"-3" $400.00 Charbrook Nursery 71 Gates Road Princeton, MA 01541 Page 1 Franz Fontaine Hornbeam 2"-2.5" $320.00 Carpinus betulus `Franz Fontaine` 2.5"-3" $460.00 3"-3.5" $620.00 American Hornbeam 2"-2.5" $300.00 Carpinus caroliniana 2.5"-3" $390.00 3"-3.5" $510.00 Northern Catalpa 2.5"-3" $360.00 Catalpa speciosa 3"-3.5" $470.00 3.5"-4" $690.00 4"-4.5" $900.00 Giant Dogwood 2"-2.5" $280.00 Cornus controversa `June Snow` 2.5"-3" $350.00 Tamarack 10'-12' $400.00 Larix laricina 12'-14' $530.00 (Spring dig only) 14'-16' $710.00 Crab Apple 1.5"-2" $210.00 Malus x `Donald Wyman` , `Schmidtcutleaf` TM, `Snowdrift` 2"-2.5" $260.00 American Hophornbeam -
Hornbeam Carpinus Betulus
34 W I N G E D S E E D S W I N G E D S E E D S 35 Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Hornbeam Carpinus betulus Leaves are large and five-lobed, with ornbeams are native trees found largely in south-eastern his introduced species grows in a wide dark green upper range of habitats and soil types. Sycamore sides.The seeds HEngland, with scattered trees in other parts of the country. T come in pairs, that They tolerate a wide range of soils, including sands, gravels and is an excellent coloniser and is often consid- are joined together ered a problem species as, in certain habitats, at an angle. heavy clay, but grow best on damp, fertile soils. Hornbeams including woodland, it can become the domi- produce excellent autumn colours, retaining their leaves throughout much of the winter. nant species. Large tree (5:10:25) Sycamore wood is light in colour, strong and One of the hardest and toughest woods in hard, and is used for kitchen table-tops, floor- Britain, the name hornbeam derives ing, veneers and toys. from the fact that the wood is as This species supports a limited number hard as horn. It was used for of insect species, which includes large cattle yokes, waterwheels and numbers of aphids. In consequence, butchers’ chopping blocks. The migrating warblers can often be found timber also makes excellent fire- feeding in sycamores in the autumn. The wood. tree also supports good lichen growth, Hornbeams are valu- particularly in the west of Britain. able to wildlife, pro- ducing nutlets Seed Guide: Collect the fruits from the which are eaten tree in autumn when they turn by hawfinches brown. -
SP532 Trees to Plant in Containers Or Wells
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Forestry, Trees, and Timber UT Extension Publications 3-1999 SP532 Trees to Plant In Containers or Wells The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_agexfores Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation "SP532 Trees to Plant In Containers or Wells," The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service, SP 532-15M-3/99 R12-4910-17-001-00, https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_agexfores/54 The publications in this collection represent the historical publishing record of the UT Agricultural Experiment Station and do not necessarily reflect current scientific knowledge or ecommendations.r Current information about UT Ag Research can be found at the UT Ag Research website. This Trees for Tennessee Landscapes - Choosing the Right Tree is brought to you for free and open access by the UT Extension Publications at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Forestry, Trees, and Timber by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Agricultural Extension Service The University of Tennessee SP 532 Trees to Plant In Containers or Wells Donna C. Fare Wayne K. Clatterbuck Research Horticulturist Assistant Professor USDA-ARS Forestry, Wildlife US National Arboretum & Fisheries Donna C. Fare C. Donna Donna C. Fare C. Donna Pleasing example of a group of trees growing in containers. An in-ground tree planter with a magnolia tree. Landscaping in a small area is challenging, but popular. An important aspect of container or well planting is the Planting trees in small areas can limit root and shoot devel- soil or growing medium. -
Evidence of Low Chloroplast Genetic Diversity in Two Carpinus Species
Available online: www.notulaebotanicae.ro Print ISSN 0255-965X; Electronic 1842-4309 Not Bot Horti Agrobo, 2017, 45(1):316-322. DOI:10.15835/nbha45110799 Original Article Evidence of Low Chloroplast Genetic Diversity in Two Carpinus Species in the Northern Balkans Mihaela Cristina CĂRĂBUŞ 1, Alexandru Lucian CURTU 1, Dragoş POSTOLACHE 2, Elena CIOCÎRLAN 1, Neculae ŞOFLETEA 1* 1Transilvania University of Brasov, Department of Forest Sciences, 1 Şirul Beethoven, 500123, Braşov, Romania; [email protected] ; [email protected] ; [email protected] ; [email protected] (*corresponding author) 2National Research and Development Institute in Forestry “Marin Dracea”, 65 Horea Str., 400275 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] Abstract Genetic diversity and differentiation in two Carpinus species ( C. betulus and C. orientalis ) occurring in Romania was investigated by using three chloroplast Simple Sequence Repeat markers (cpSSRs). A total of 96 and 32 individuals were sampled in eighteen C. betulus and six C. orientalis populations, respectively. A total of four chloroplast haplotypes were observed. Two haplotypes were specific for C. betulus and two for C. orientalis . Most of C. betulus populations were fixed for the predominant haplotype (H1), which was observed in 82% of the individuals. All C. orientalis populations were fixed for one haplotype or the other. Populations with haplotype (H3) are spread in southern Romania and the haplotype (H4) was observed at the northern limit of C. orientalis natural distribution range. Genetic differentiation among populations was moderate in C. betulus (GST = 0.422), compared to the high value observed in C. orientalis (GST = 1.000), which can be explained by the occurrence of a distinct haplotype in the peripheral population. -
The Relationship Among Infection Intensity of Viscum Album with Some Ecological Parameters of Host Trees
Int. J. Environ. Res., 1(2): 143-149, Spring 2007 ISSN: 1735-6865 The Relationship among Infection Intensity of Viscum album with some Ecological Parameters of Host Trees Kartoolinejad, D.1*, Hosseini, S. M.1, Mirnia, S. K.2, Akbarinia, M.1 and Shayanmehr, F.1 1Natural Resources Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2Agriculture Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Received 20 March 2006; Revised 12 Dec 2006; Accepted 10 Jan 2007 ABSTRACT: We investigated the relations among infection intensity of European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) with host tree features in Nour Forest Park, located in Caspian Forests in North of Iran. The number of 30 circular plots with an area of 0.1 ha were sampled in all places have an aggregation of infested trees. Parameters including DBH, height, distance to stand edge, distance to conspecific tree, bark diameter and the number of adult mistletoe per tree for all infected individuals were recorded. Results showed that the mistletoe abundance and infection intensity in Parrotia persica was more than the other host species and also, have positive significant relation with DBH, distance to conspecific and locating in the stand edge, but no significant relation observed about height of host trees. Results of this study suggest that individual differences among host trees (specially DBH) play an important role in explaining local abundance and distribution of mistletoe plants. Key words: Infection intensity, European mistletoe, Host trees, Caspian forests, Conspecific tree *Corresponding author: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Mistletoes are a polyphyletic and diverse real root, parasitize the stems of dicotyledonous group of flowering plants comprising over 1306 trees and shrubs by means of parenchyma organs species from a broad range of habitats across all named haustoria, developing from the radicle of continents except Antarctica. -
Approved Street Tree and Shrub List, from Public Works Standards
STREET TREE LIST Excerpt from Public Works Standards Section 5 Street Design Standards (Current as of October 1, 2019) Street Trees Planter Space (ft) Botanic Name Common Name 3- 4- 6- DT Watering Notes 3.9 5.9 8+ Acer circinatum Vine maple X Regular Utility friendly, native, fall color Acer palmatum Japanese maple X Regular Mature height 15' cultivars minimum Carpinus betulus Frans Fontain X X Regular Columnar tree Frans Fontaine Hornbeam Carpinus japonicus Japanese X Regular Tolerates full sun and hornbeam heavy shade Cercis canadensis Eastern redbud X Regular Avoid very hot, dry cultivars areas Cercis occidentalis * Western redbud * X Occasional Purple flowers emerge before leaves Chamaecyparis Hinoki cypress X Regular Evergreen, mature obtusa cultivars height 15' minimum Chamaecyparis Sawara cypress X Occasional Evergreen, mature pisifera cultivars height 15' minimum Chionanthus White fringetree X Regular Utility friendly, virginicus fragrant white flowers Eucommia ulmoides Emerald Point o X Regular Columnar tree 'Empozam' hardy rubber tree Lagerstroemia spp. Crepe myrtle X Regular Vase-shaped, large flowers Laurus nobilis * Bay laurel * X X Summer dry Evergreen, slow growing, fragrant leaves Maakia amurensis Amur maakia X X Regular Utility friendly Magnolia grandiflora Magnolia o X Regular Evergreen, slow 'Little Gem' growing, compact form Nyssa sinensis Chinese tupelo o X Occasional Fall color, good for difficult sites Pistacia chinensis Chinese pistache X X Regular Fall color, drought tolerant Quercus dumosa * Scrub oak * X Summer -
The Role of Canopy Gaps in Maintaining Biodiversity of Plants and Soil Macrofauna in the Forests of the Northwestern Caucasus
Ecological Questions 32(2021)2 http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/EQ.2021.017 The role of canopy gaps in maintaining biodiversity of plants and soil macrofauna in the forests of the northwestern Caucasus Nikolaj Shevchenko1, Anna Geraskina1*, Alexander Kuprin2, Evgeniy Grabenko3 1 Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation 2 Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation 3Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia *corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] Received: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 23 December 2020 Abstract. The research was carried out in the coniferous-deciduous forests of the northwestern Caucasus, growing in similar climatic and soil-orographic conditions. Three types of forests of different ages were studied: aspen-hornbeam (50-70 years), beech-fir-hornbeam (80-110 years) and fir-beech forests (over 450 years). The studies were performed on the territory Krasnodar Krai (upper reaches of the Pshekha river, State Nature Reserve Chernogor'e) and the Republic of Adygea (upper reaches of the Belaya river, the Caucasian State Biosphere Reserve) in the summer seasons 2016 and 2019. The research involves geobotanical, population-ontogenetic, and soil-zoological methods. It has been established that in the canopy gaps of all forest types species density of plants is almost twice as high as in under-crown areas or even higher due to good light factor and high soil moisture since the tree stand does not intercept precipitation. Regeneration of tree cenopopulations in all forest types is much more effective in canopy gaps compared to under-crown areas. -
Carpinus Betulus - European Hornbeam (Betulaceae) ------Carpinus Betulus Is a Columnar to Teardrop-Shaped Tree
Carpinus betulus - European Hornbeam (Betulaceae) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Carpinus betulus is a columnar to teardrop-shaped tree. Twigs European Hornbeam is noted for fine and dense texture, -olive-brown and lenticeled, with ornamental winter ornamental winter bark and buds, dense summer foliage, buds that are long and partially curving around the twigs pendulous spring catkins, and unusual autumn fruits. -the twigs are similar to those of the European Beech, but the latter has winter buds that extend straight out of FEATURES the stem at a 45 degree angle. Form Trunk -medium-sized deciduous tree; the -smooth and steel gray, but having a muscled character rarely available species form maturing to its appearance at 40' tall x 30' wide, with the common cultivars more compact; USAGE species form an upright oval growth Function habit in youth, quickly becoming a -specimen or focal point tree of great symmetrical and spreading oval (low-branched teardrop architectural value; can also be an effective year-round shape) with maturity screen or tall, wide hedge when used in rows -medium growth rate Culture Texture -full sun to partial sun; prefers a well-drained soil but is -fine texture in foliage and when bare; thick density in adaptable to various soils and soil pHs; if transplanted foliage and when bare, with many ascending twigs and in autumn, use amended soil, fertilize, mulch liberally, branches forming a thick canopy even in winter and avoid winter salt spray Assets -cultivars -
IHCA Recommended Plant List
Residential Architectural Review Committee Recommended Plant List Plant Materials The following plant materials are intended to guide tree and shrub ADDITIONS to residential landscapes at Issaquah Highlands. Lot sizes, shade, wind and other factors place size and growth constraints on plants, especially trees, which are suitable for addition to existing landscapes. Other plant materials may be considered that have these characteristics and similar maintenance requirements. Additional species and varieties may be selected if authorized by the Issaquah Highlands Architectural Review Committee. This list is not exhaustive but does cover most of the “good doers” for Issaquah Highlands. Our microclimate is colder and harsher than those closer to Puget Sound. Plants not listed should be used with caution if their performance has not been observed at Issaquah Highlands. * Drought-tolerant plant ** Requires well-drained soil DECIDUOUS TREES: Small • Acer circinatum – Vine Maple • Acer griseum – Paperbark Maple • *Acer ginnala – Amur Maple • Oxydendrum arboreum – Sourwood • Acer palmation – Japanese Maple • *Prunus cerasifera var. – Purple Leaf Plum varieties • Amelanchier var. – Serviceberry varieties • Styrax japonicus – Japanese Snowbell • Cornus species, esp. kousa Medium • Acer rufinerve – Redvein Maple • Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) • *Acer pseudoplatanus – Sycamore Maple • Acer palmatum (Japanese maple, many) • • *Carpinus betulus – European Hornbeam Stewartia species (several) • *Parrotia persica – Persian Parrotia Columnar Narrow -
Carpinus L. Hornbeam Or Ironwood
C Betulaceae—Birch family Carpinus L. hornbeam or ironwood Paula M. Pijut Dr. Pijut is a plant physiologist at the USDA Forest Service’s North Central Research Station, Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center,West Lafayette, Indiana Growth habit, occurrence, and use. The hornbeam Appalachian Mountains and northern interior regions to the genus—Carpinus L.—includes about 35 species of decidu- West (Furlow 1987b). The Latin American C. tropicalis is ous, monoecious, small to large trees, that are native to the divided into subsp. tropicalis of the highlands of southern Northern Hemisphere from Europe to eastern Asia, south to Mexico and north Central America and subsp. mexicana of the Himalayas, and in North and Central America (Furlow the mountains in northeastern Mexico and the trans-Mexican 1990; Hillier 1991; Krüssmann 1984; LHBH 1976; Suszka volcanic belt (Furlow 1987b). and others 1996). Five species are considered here (table The wood of hornbeams is extremely hard—hence the 1). Hornbeams occur mainly as understory trees in rich, common name “ironwood”—and is used for making tool moist soils on bottomlands and on protected slopes handles and mallet heads. It is also used to produce the (Metzger 1990; Rudolf and Phipps 1974). European horn- high-quality charcoal used in gunpowder manufacture beam is an important forest tree species throughout Europe (Bugala 1993; Furlow 1990). Species of ornamental interest (Furlow 1990). In Mexico and Central America, Carpinus in the United States are listed in table 1. Most of the infor- tropicalis (J.D. Sm.) Lundell forms a dominant canopy mation presented in this chapter deals with European and component (Furlow 1990). -
A Critical Taxonomic Checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae)
© European Journal of Taxonomy; download unter http://www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu; www.zobodat.at European Journal of Taxonomy 375: 1–52 ISSN 2118-9773 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.375 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2017 · Holstein N. & Weigend M. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph No taxon left behind? – a critical taxonomic checklist of Carpinus and Ostrya (Coryloideae, Betulaceae) Norbert HOLSTEIN 1,* & Maximilian WEIGEND 2 1,2 Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. * Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Email: [email protected] Abstract. Hornbeams (Carpinus) and hop-hornbeams (Ostrya) are trees or large shrubs from the northern hemisphere. Currently, 43 species of Carpinus (58 taxa including subdivisions) and 8 species of Ostrya (9 taxa including sudivisions) are recognized. These are based on 175 (plus 16 Latin basionyms of cultivars) and 21 legitimate basionyms, respectively. We present an updated checklist with publication details and type information for all accepted names and the vast majority of synonyms of Carpinus and Ostrya, including the designation of 54 lectotypes and two neotypes. Cultivars are listed if validly described under the rules of the ICN. Furthermore, we consider Carpinus hwai Hu & W.C.Cheng to be a synonym of Carpinus fargesiana var. ovalifolia (H.J.P.Winkl.) Holstein & Weigend comb. nov. During the course of our work, we found 30 legitimate basionyms of non-cultivars that have been consistently overlooked since their original descriptions, when compared with the latest checklists and fl oristic treatments. As regional fl oras are highly important for taxonomic practice, we investigated the number of overlooked names and found that 78 basionyms were omitted at least once in the eight regional treatments surveyed.