DOCSLIB.ORG

Oak & Oak Forests in Caucasia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

OAIQ Al'D OAK FORESTS I CAL CASL\ Peter A. chmidt Profc,.;er, Dre..Oen CnJ\eNt~ of Technology Depanment ot Fore't Sc1ence,, ln,otute of General Ecolog) and FnHronment \fanagement D-01737 Tharandt. German) Introduction to the Cauca! lb ReWoo When reganlmg the .. Caucasu~:· some authol"> reh:r onl) to the h1gh mountam~ of the Great Caucasu\. Here the term "Cauca,iu'' '' 1ll be: u'ed to reler to the rnure area located bet\\.een the Black Sea and the Ca..,p1an Sea nl the Cauca'u' Reg1on . Be..,1de~ the Great Cauca~u~. the Nonh Cau~.:<hiUn Plain belonging to the Ru\\lan Federation, ~well ,L\ the depre\siOm. and lnwlanth. muumam rangcs and the h1ghland south of the Great Cauca~u' up tn t11e 'outhem border of the ..,t,•le' Armema. AserbaiJan. Georg1a <South Cauca,ta, often called ''Transcaucasia l are abo included. The Great Cauca'u' extend~ betv.een the Black Sea and Casp1an Sea o\er a t.l1..,tan~.:c ul I 500 km and a breadth of 30-180 km. It wn'1't' of sc\ eml parallel mountain nrnges. The mam ndge i~ preceded toward' the nonh by a 'crond ndge (here the Elbrus, the highe't peak 5633 m. and the Ka,bel..:. the h1ghN peak 5C.I-W ml. a~ well a' the rock) ndge Cch3Jll of bme..tone mas 1h). The e h1gh mountam' form an 1mpo1U11t chmate and "ater di' ide bet\\ een Ea't Europe and South\\e't Asia, and thu' hetween t\\O continent'. Geological de,eJopment, a' \\ell as thc unique omgraph1c :md climatic 'iruation, gi\es ri-.c to a unique naturo~l semng and b1olog1cal dJ\eNt)' of Cauca,ia. The cultural dt\ei">Jt) charaden,uc ol moun­ tamous reg1on' 1s not le<>s unique. Likewbe. the cultural hJstol') and land u'e dat.ing back for millennia have influenced the land,cape' and habnut-.. Characteri,tlc orobiomes rich in relics and endemicc, (from ne<~r- ,hore montane tore't... up t<' the alpme gra~~lands) meet withm J 'mall geographic area with submednenanean and "·arm-humid b10mes. as v\cll a~ cnnuncntal sernwrid biomes <ct. BIN 2CX>O. Zazanashvili et a1 2000. Krever et al. 2CX)J St·hmidt 2C>O:!J. In the nonh Caucas1an Plain steppe and woodland 'teppc d!cas. and m the ea.st, Caspian 'emide,ens clo-.cl) approach the C:tuca,us. The 'tcep 'outhern ~lopmg of the Great Cauc~u' contatns very different ccntope' and dJtlerent ph} togcographie pro' mces of ~outhem Cauca~•a : In th ''e't wuh Its hum1d climate. it tran,forms intll the coastal area ul the Blad.. Sea and the Lo" land of Colkheti. Ea't of the Sur..m ~tountam-.. 11 forrru. a bndge to \1mor Cauca'u' hl\\arU' the Kura um l..nd. extendmg. m the ea~t 10 the and Kura-Ara:o. l.o\\ land at the Casptan Sea To the south ascend thc mountainous ')'tern <Jf !\1mor Cauc:a.,us characten ed b) us dJ\e!"e, but human-mfluenced, montane \egetauon The ~mor Cauca,us lonm the margin of the Armeman llig.hlund It ., poor 111 lore'''· bemg. C(J\ered o\er large trat:t' "ith xeroph)tJc \egetaunn. mcludmg l•pcn woodland up to mnnt.rne 'teppes and Oriental thom-cush1on fom1auons. T\\O land ...capcs st.md out here. dl\linguished by 'ummer·\\:trm .md \\Jnh:r-mlld climate, abundant rainfall, and high air humidll)' They rcprt•,cnt refuge' of TertJ:tr) dec•duou., broad-leaved trees. \\hich othCT\1.1\C 111 \\'c,tem Euras1a are 9 cxtmct. as Yo ell us habttats oft tden K oak 'pe"tes (rehch) Colkheu at the Bla k Sc.t .md l.cnknr.tn .11 the C.t,plan ()ea The Colkhtc .uu.l H) r~,;antan ue~;tJUilU' hlllad-lea\cd lore~t are n~;h 10 e en!reen Y.Olld) 'peetcs 10 the unJergro" th. \\ llh plenty ol hana' and eptphytl!s. and are characteri ... u.: of a \\arm-hurmu chm:uc of suhmendtonallalltuJe, (not 'ubtropil:al \ egctauon•• 1, ollen referrcJ to m Caucaswn and Ru,,tan lneratun:). ~ pecil"i con c~pl'- -.eu:nteen \ en.us eight oak pecies Dcpendmg on the ta\Onomic conception ot the authors, the d.ua about the numllcr ol Q11t n 111 s~ctc' occurring in the Cauca'u' Reginn "Uf) con,iucrahl} t !i to rnurc th.m 17 'pcctc,). The "~pliuer·· concept ul ~pccu:' accordmg to the KOMi\ROV s(houl (t'.g. Ctcrepano\ 1995). and accepted hy most uf the author... ol the Cuw.:a'u' state' (e.g. Flora Korlu1:.al Gro~~hcim 1945. Flora A:allcl]c/?mwl Bandm 1952. Drndmj1ora Kavlu1:al Matika'!~ ih 1961. Flora Gru111 I 975. ArtJUntan & ArtJunjan 1985. and other floras and dendmlogtcal ham.lhouk,, or Krc\ er et al. 200 I). contra,ts \\ ith the "Jumper"' concept (e.g. Go\aen' < 1-ruJm 11)98) \\hich is al\o referred to b) the monograph of the East European. Cauca tan and A'ian oaks. b) Menitsk) ( 1968-::!IXJ2). II. ho\\c\er. hi' 'uh)~ct• are t.1kcn mto consiJerauon. the number of the taxa rcgard~J a' c'~cnual de\ i.ue lmm c<K·h other to a le~~er e.\tem hec Table I ). Up to no\1. most ot the Cauca,ian author... dtlterenuate bct\\ecn 17 oak 're~•c,, \1.1th Jc\tallnn' of ,mgle author' bcmg po"tble, panl) due to recogmL· mg adJullln:~l pcctc' (e.g Q h)poc·lrry~al or le"er 'pectc' (e.g. ol the 'pcctc' complc:" Q urft'cU•na). Semag:ina ( 1999). for in,tan~·e. refer; to 7 '~etc' ;~lone from the hmn~d an:a m the \\C,tem Great Cauca'u' !Caucll)U~ State Na1ure Resen e 1. Kol.tkc." ,kj ( 198::! 1 con,tders Cauca.,ta a' one of the centre~ ul 'pectallon 10 the genu~ Q11nnt1 and of con sen atwn of relic~ m EuraSia The 'pccie\ concept lollo\\ed here largcl) corresponds Ill that of Menitsk> 1 llJ6!i-:!002) Sun liar arc also the 'pecies interpretation m the 1/nra oj T11rkev ( ll edg~ & Yaltink 191!2) anJ in the World Check/ill b) Govaem & Frodm ( 1998). C\en though the numher of l.ubspectes accepted by these authors i~ lower and the tklirnitallnns ul' '"htch (and thus data of distribution) ma) differ. Hence. in Cauc.:.tsia \\ ith regard tu broader interpretation of Q. rohur. Q. pt•traea anJ Q. in(i•cwna. R ~pccu:s anJ II· I~ taxa. respecti\ely. lli.:(Uf, being acccptt'J a' 'pc~·ie . or at lc.tst 111 the r.ml.: of ... ub,pectc~. In '>(lllth\\est A ia h)bridtsauon seems to e,senuall) ~,;ontnbute to the fom1ation of ta'o.a anJ t1l the blurring of ,pecje, limn,, respt.'CII\e1y let. Menn'k) 196lS-19 4, Ka,aphgtl 1981) A,cording 10 Kolako,,k.i (IIJ, :!) c g m the o\crlapping area of the re,pecthe close!) related taxa of Q. mbur sen'u Jato and Q pelrat c1 'en u Jato. a great number of h) brid form' occur 111 Cauca,ia. but he accepts the Caucastan taxa each as mdependent enc.lcmt, 'P.:Cit' (Q. mrernma. Q. ibenca). Concerning the European "pecie,. h) hridt~aunn ha been \ erilicd ba::.cc.l on cros~mg cxpenment~ and geneuc analyse,. 1'\umeruu-. comhmauon~ tdenulied 11' h) hrid • or those a'~umeJ ;c. ;,uch, Yo ere gt\ en bmary name,. "htch aJ,o apph~ to the three occumng bct\\een the three far-,pread European· We!.t A'tan <.pectc.' hkewtsc tnckmg m Cauca~ia. Q f'l!lrat•a \ Q. pllht• Ctllf IQ. \ Wt'/11111 H~ufl or Q. x calrt•1cem Vuk.). Q perraw" Q. ml'llr CQ. "< mwn•a Becht.). Q pu~l<l'llf x Q. mhur (Q. x. ken1trr Simnnk.l. If the three 'pccie' are -..ccn 111 a narro" ta.xonnmtc context and 'ever.tl ... pccte' de,tgnateJ each, the 10 Table: I. Sur.c> of the oak' ot Cau~a.,ta accordmg co \'lli10U' authoN c-/.I:REPA:-:OV GOVAERTS & 1 1995 ), tlor.h ol HWDI:'\ 1 19Y8) the Caucasu' Region Q Cl11tcmt·i}olia Q. ca\faneifolia Q ccHttlltt•ifolw Q han1untallt1 Q. hanwissianD Q. hamurrwnu Q macramhera Q. macraOmhera Q. llwcranthem Q. ponll~a Q. pontica Q. ponuca Q. puhe1n·m Q. pubescens Q. puhe.1c t'/11, hue nol mentioned lor Caucas1.1 Q. infectoria ~en~u lalo Q tii'CI.\111(1 Q. mjcctorw ''P· boi.1 \tl'tt Q mfcctoria ssp. 1 urt'rH Q botHit•n Q. mji·t Uma ''P· lmis.\lcrt Q mjl'ctoria ''P· 1 c•nc•rr 1 Q mfi c tona Q mj(·c tona "~P mfectnt w Q mjc 0111 ia ''P· not m Cau.:a~ta mjec torra not m Cauca ta Q. petraea ~n.<.u lato Q dulec hampit Q. petraea s~p. mt•d11edtehll s p. /11( c/11 ecftt'IHI = "P thc ru a Q daleclwmpii nnt m Cauca~ia Q. d1hnroc hen s11 Q. pttrm·a ~'P· d>lwmc ht'll\1 Q pc•traea "P· tho ica Q ~:agnuna Q petrum "P· iberica Q. thenca Q petmra "P tl>< ricu Q petraea ssp. iberica Q pctrtl('(/ Q. pc·traea '"P· petrtlt'll Q. pc trat•a ''P· petraea Q pimwtiloha Q. pt'lraca ''P· pinnatiloha Q. petram "P· pmnauloba (not mentioned lor Cauc,t'IJ) Q.
Recommended publications
  • European Hornbeam Carpinus Betulus ‘Fastigiata’

    European Hornbeam Carpinus Betulus ‘Fastigiata’

    Smart tree selections for communities and landowners European Hornbeam Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’ Height: 35’ Spread: 25’ Site characteristics: Sun to partial shade; prefers moist, well-drained soils Zone: 5a - 7a Wet/dry: Tolerates drought, heavy soil and alkaline soils Native range: Europe, Western Asia Salt: Sensitive pH: 5.0 - 8.2 Shape: Narrow when young, becoming oval Other: Narrow branching angles Additional: Transplant in spring, somewhat slow to establish from bare root Pests: Some occasional dieback Bert Cregg, MSU Bert Cregg, Bert Cregg, MSU Bert Cregg, Bugwood.org Hungary, of West Univ. Norbert Frank, Content development: Dana Ellison, Tree form illustrations: Marlene Cameron. Smart tree selections for communities and landowners Bert Cregg and Robert Schutzki, Michigan State University, Departments of Horticulture and Forestry A smart urban or community landscape has a diverse combination of trees. The devastation caused by exotic pests such as Dutch elm disease, chestnut blight and emerald ash borer has taught us the importance of species diversity in our landscapes. Exotic invasive pests can devastate existing trees because many of these species may not have evolved resistance mechanisms in their native environments. In the recent case of emerald ash borer, white ash and green ash were not resistant to the pest and some communities in Michigan lost up to 20 percent of their tree cover. To promote diverse use of trees by homeowners, landscapers and urban foresters, Michigan State University Extension offers a series of tip sheets for smart urban and community tree selection. In these tip sheets, we suggest trees that should be considered in situations where an ash tree may have been planted in the past.
  • Charbrook Nursery

    Charbrook Nursery

    charbrook nursery Plant List Spring-Summer-Autumn 2020 Name Size Wholesale Red Maple 1.5"-2" $200.00 Acer rubrum `Brandywine`, `Frank Jr.`, `Franksred` TM, `Sun Valley` 2"-2.5" $260.00 Single-stem 2.5"-3" $380.00 3"-3.5" $500.00 3.5"-4" $670.00 4"-4.5" $860.00 Sugar Maple 1.5"-2" $250.00 Acer saccharum `Fall Fiesta`, Flashfire 2"-2.5" $300.00 2.5"-3" $380.00 Autumn Blaze Maple 2.5"-3" $360.00 Acer rubrum 'Autumn Blaze' x 'Freemanii' 3"-3.5" $470.00 3.5"-4" $640.00 4"-4.5" $850.00 Shadblow Serviceberry 4'-5' $195.00 Amelanchier x grandiflora 'Autumn Brillance' 5'-6' $240.00 Multi-stem 6'-7' $285.00 7'-8' $420.00 8'-10' $630.00 10'-12' $855.00 Yellow Birch 1"-1.5" $180.00 Betula alleghaniensis 1.5"-2" $250.00 2"-2.5" $350.00 2.5"-3" $460.00 Sweet Birch 1.5"-2" $210.00 Betula lenta 2"-2.5" $300.00 2.5"-3" $400.00 Paper Birch 1.5"-2" $210.00 Betula papyrifera 2"-2.5" $300.00 Betula papyrifera `Varen` 2.5"-3" $400.00 Charbrook Nursery 71 Gates Road Princeton, MA 01541 Page 1 Franz Fontaine Hornbeam 2"-2.5" $320.00 Carpinus betulus `Franz Fontaine` 2.5"-3" $460.00 3"-3.5" $620.00 American Hornbeam 2"-2.5" $300.00 Carpinus caroliniana 2.5"-3" $390.00 3"-3.5" $510.00 Northern Catalpa 2.5"-3" $360.00 Catalpa speciosa 3"-3.5" $470.00 3.5"-4" $690.00 4"-4.5" $900.00 Giant Dogwood 2"-2.5" $280.00 Cornus controversa `June Snow` 2.5"-3" $350.00 Tamarack 10'-12' $400.00 Larix laricina 12'-14' $530.00 (Spring dig only) 14'-16' $710.00 Crab Apple 1.5"-2" $210.00 Malus x `Donald Wyman` , `Schmidtcutleaf` TM, `Snowdrift` 2"-2.5" $260.00 American Hophornbeam
  • Hornbeam Carpinus Betulus

    Hornbeam Carpinus Betulus

    34 W I N G E D S E E D S W I N G E D S E E D S 35 Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus Hornbeam Carpinus betulus Leaves are large and five-lobed, with ornbeams are native trees found largely in south-eastern his introduced species grows in a wide dark green upper range of habitats and soil types. Sycamore sides.The seeds HEngland, with scattered trees in other parts of the country. T come in pairs, that They tolerate a wide range of soils, including sands, gravels and is an excellent coloniser and is often consid- are joined together ered a problem species as, in certain habitats, at an angle. heavy clay, but grow best on damp, fertile soils. Hornbeams including woodland, it can become the domi- produce excellent autumn colours, retaining their leaves throughout much of the winter. nant species. Large tree (5:10:25) Sycamore wood is light in colour, strong and One of the hardest and toughest woods in hard, and is used for kitchen table-tops, floor- Britain, the name hornbeam derives ing, veneers and toys. from the fact that the wood is as This species supports a limited number hard as horn. It was used for of insect species, which includes large cattle yokes, waterwheels and numbers of aphids. In consequence, butchers’ chopping blocks. The migrating warblers can often be found timber also makes excellent fire- feeding in sycamores in the autumn. The wood. tree also supports good lichen growth, Hornbeams are valu- particularly in the west of Britain. able to wildlife, pro- ducing nutlets Seed Guide: Collect the fruits from the which are eaten tree in autumn when they turn by hawfinches brown.
  • Carpinus Orientalis

    Carpinus Orientalis

    Carpinus orientalis Carpinus orientalis in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats R. Sikkema, G. Caudullo Carpinus orientalis Mill., commonly known as oriental hornbeam, is a small tree or shrub commonly found on dry and rocky slopes of low elevation mountains in South-East Europe. Its wide distribution range reaches through the Black Sea to the Caucasus region. It is a frugal and drought-resistant species, which prefers calcareous soils and is frequently found in disturbed sites. Thanks to its strong suckering capacity and hard wood, it is often managed in coppiced stands for the production of quality firewood and charcoal. No significant pests or diseases are recorded for this tree. The oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis Mill.), is a large shrub or small tree, 1-5 metres tall, rarely up to 15 m, with a grey irregularly ribbed stem. The leaves are -elliptic with evident Frequency ovate < 25% veins, tomentose, with serrate margins and short petioles 5-8 mm 25% - 50% 50% - 75% long. This tree is monoecious with unisexual flowers blossoming > 75% in April. The male flowers are dense in short catkins 2-3 cm long, Chorology whereas the female catkins are 3-8 cm long with leaf-like un-lobed Native and coarsely toothed bracts that reach 12-18 mm size at maturity, The elliptical leaves have toothed margins and show evident veins. 1-4 and which cover the flowers and later the nuts . (Copyright Stefano Zerauschek, www.flickr.com: AP) Distribution regions coppiced stands are also used as a food resource for The oriental hornbeam is a tree species native to south- livestock in drought summers, when grasslands are completely 11, 18 east Europe, the Pontic region and western Asia.
  • SP532 Trees to Plant in Containers Or Wells

    SP532 Trees to Plant in Containers Or Wells

    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Forestry, Trees, and Timber UT Extension Publications 3-1999 SP532 Trees to Plant In Containers or Wells The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_agexfores Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation "SP532 Trees to Plant In Containers or Wells," The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service, SP 532-15M-3/99 R12-4910-17-001-00, https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_agexfores/54 The publications in this collection represent the historical publishing record of the UT Agricultural Experiment Station and do not necessarily reflect current scientific knowledge or ecommendations.r Current information about UT Ag Research can be found at the UT Ag Research website. This Trees for Tennessee Landscapes - Choosing the Right Tree is brought to you for free and open access by the UT Extension Publications at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Forestry, Trees, and Timber by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Agricultural Extension Service The University of Tennessee SP 532 Trees to Plant In Containers or Wells Donna C. Fare Wayne K. Clatterbuck Research Horticulturist Assistant Professor USDA-ARS Forestry, Wildlife US National Arboretum & Fisheries Donna C. Fare C. Donna Donna C. Fare C. Donna Pleasing example of a group of trees growing in containers. An in-ground tree planter with a magnolia tree. Landscaping in a small area is challenging, but popular. An important aspect of container or well planting is the Planting trees in small areas can limit root and shoot devel- soil or growing medium.
  • Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus

    Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus

    STATUS AND PROTECTION OF GLOBALLY THREATENED SPECIES IN THE CAUCASUS CEPF Biodiversity Investments in the Caucasus Hotspot 2004-2009 Edited by Nugzar Zazanashvili and David Mallon Tbilisi 2009 The contents of this book do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CEPF, WWF, or their sponsoring organizations. Neither the CEPF, WWF nor any other entities thereof, assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product or process disclosed in this book. Citation: Zazanashvili, N. and Mallon, D. (Editors) 2009. Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus. Tbilisi: CEPF, WWF. Contour Ltd., 232 pp. ISBN 978-9941-0-2203-6 Design and printing Contour Ltd. 8, Kargareteli st., 0164 Tbilisi, Georgia December 2009 The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. This book shows the effort of the Caucasus NGOs, experts, scientific institutions and governmental agencies for conserving globally threatened species in the Caucasus: CEPF investments in the region made it possible for the first time to carry out simultaneous assessments of species’ populations at national and regional scales, setting up strategies and developing action plans for their survival, as well as implementation of some urgent conservation measures. Contents Foreword 7 Acknowledgments 8 Introduction CEPF Investment in the Caucasus Hotspot A. W. Tordoff, N. Zazanashvili, M. Bitsadze, K. Manvelyan, E. Askerov, V. Krever, S. Kalem, B. Avcioglu, S. Galstyan and R. Mnatsekanov 9 The Caucasus Hotspot N.
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com10/08/2021 11:33:23AM Via Free Access 116 IAWA Bulletin N.S., Vol

    Downloaded from Brill.Com10/08/2021 11:33:23AM Via Free Access 116 IAWA Bulletin N.S., Vol

    1AWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (2), 1990: 115-140 IAWA·IUFRO WOOD ANATOMY SYMPOSIUM 1990 The third Euro-African regional wood anatomy symposium organised by the Wood Science and Technology Laboratories of the ETH (Swiss Federal Institute ofTechnology), Zürich, Switzerland, July 22-27, 1990. Organising Committee Prof. Dr. H.H. Bosshard, Honorary President Dr. L.J. Kucera, Executive Secretary and Local Host Ms. C. Dominquez, Symposium Office Secretary Dr. K. J. M. Bonsen, Deputy Executive Secretary lng. B.J.H. ter Welle, on behalf ofIAWA Prof. Dr. P. Baas, on behalf of IUFRO S 5.01 ABSTRACfS OF PAPERS AND POSTERS C. ANGELACCIO, A. SCffiRONE and B. SCHI­ MARIAN BABIAK, 1GOR CuNDERLfK and JO­ RONE, Dipartimento di Scienze deli' Ambiente ZEF KUDELA, Faculty of Wood Technology, Forestale e delle Sue Risorse, Facolta di University of Forestry and Wood Technol­ Agraria, Universita degli Studi della Tuscia, ogy, Department of Wood Science and Me­ Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, chanical Wood, 96053 Zvolen, Czechoslo­ 1taly. - Wood anatomy of Quercus cre· vakia. - Permeability and structure of nata Lam. beech wood. Quercus crenata Lam. (Q. pseudosuber Flow of water and other liquids through G. Santi) is a natural hybrid between Q. cer­ beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) caused by ris x Q. suber. The species is widespread in the external pressure gradient is described by the mediterrane an basin, from France to Al­ the steady-state Darcy's law. The validity of bania. 1t occurs throughout Italy, usually as the law was proved up to a critical value. The single trees recognisable by their evergreen critical external pressure gradient obtained in and polymorphous leaves; the bark and acorn our experiments was 0.15 MPa/cm.
  • Demirköy, Kırklareli) Turkey

    Demirköy, Kırklareli) Turkey

    Işın Z. Ursavaş S. 2018. Anatolian Bryol……………………………………………………………….92 Anatolian Bryology http://dergipark.gov.tr/anatolianbryology Anadolu Briyoloji Dergisi Research Article DOI: 10.26672/anatolianbryology.472405 e-ISSN:2458-8474 Online The Moss Flora of İğneada Floodplain Forests National Park (Demirköy, Kırklareli) Turkey Zeki IŞIN (Orcid: 0000-0002-7637-061X)1, *Serhat URSAVAŞ (Orcid: 0000-0001-5480-5590)2 1Department of Forest Engineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18200, Çankırı, TURKEY; 2Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18200, Çankırı, TURKEY Received: 19.10.2018 Revised: 01.11.2018 Accepted: 30.11.2018 Abstract In this study, the moss flora of İğneada Floodplain Forest National Park (Kırklareli-Demirköy) in Turkey were investigated between the years of 2015-2016. As a result of examination of six hundred thirty moss samples, which collected from İğneada Floodplain Forest National Park, were examined 24 families, 55 genera, 102 taxa species or subspecies. In terms of taxa number, the richest six families are; Pottiaceae (20), Brachytheciaceae (14), Polytrichaceae (9), Orthotrichaceae (8), Hypnaceae (6), Bryaceae (6). Atrichum crispum (James) Sull., and Bryum gemmiferum (R. Wilczek & Demaret.) (in press), marked with a black diamond (♦) sign are new records for the Turkish bryophyte flora. According to Henderson (1961) grid square system, 17 moss taxa marked with an asterisk (*) sing are new records for A1 square. While acrocarpous taxa (70) represent 68 % of the whole flora, the ratio of pleurocarpous ones (32) is 32 %. Key words: Atrichum crispum, Bryum gemmiferum, new record, Kırklareli-Demirköy, national park, moss, flora, Turkey İğneada Longoz Ormanları Milli Parkı (Demirköy, Kırklareli) Karayosunu Florası Öz Bu çalışmada, 2015-2016 yılları arasında İğneada Longoz Ormanları, Milliparkında (Kırklareli- Demirköy) alanın karayosunu florası araştırılmıştır.
  • The Relationship Among Infection Intensity of Viscum Album with Some Ecological Parameters of Host Trees

    The Relationship Among Infection Intensity of Viscum Album with Some Ecological Parameters of Host Trees

    Int. J. Environ. Res., 1(2): 143-149, Spring 2007 ISSN: 1735-6865 The Relationship among Infection Intensity of Viscum album with some Ecological Parameters of Host Trees Kartoolinejad, D.1*, Hosseini, S. M.1, Mirnia, S. K.2, Akbarinia, M.1 and Shayanmehr, F.1 1Natural Resources Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2Agriculture Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Received 20 March 2006; Revised 12 Dec 2006; Accepted 10 Jan 2007 ABSTRACT: We investigated the relations among infection intensity of European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) with host tree features in Nour Forest Park, located in Caspian Forests in North of Iran. The number of 30 circular plots with an area of 0.1 ha were sampled in all places have an aggregation of infested trees. Parameters including DBH, height, distance to stand edge, distance to conspecific tree, bark diameter and the number of adult mistletoe per tree for all infected individuals were recorded. Results showed that the mistletoe abundance and infection intensity in Parrotia persica was more than the other host species and also, have positive significant relation with DBH, distance to conspecific and locating in the stand edge, but no significant relation observed about height of host trees. Results of this study suggest that individual differences among host trees (specially DBH) play an important role in explaining local abundance and distribution of mistletoe plants. Key words: Infection intensity, European mistletoe, Host trees, Caspian forests, Conspecific tree *Corresponding author: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Mistletoes are a polyphyletic and diverse real root, parasitize the stems of dicotyledonous group of flowering plants comprising over 1306 trees and shrubs by means of parenchyma organs species from a broad range of habitats across all named haustoria, developing from the radicle of continents except Antarctica.
  • Oaks of the Wild West Inventory Page 1 Nursery Stock Feb, 2016

    Oaks of the Wild West Inventory Page 1 Nursery Stock Feb, 2016

    Oaks of the Wild West Inventory Nursery Stock Legend: AZ = Arizona Nursery TX = Texas Nursery Feb, 2016 *Some species are also available in tube sizes Pine Trees Scientific Name 1G 3/5G 10G 15 G Aleppo Pine Pinus halapensis AZ Afghan Pine Pinus elderica AZ Apache Pine Pinus engelmannii AZ Chinese Pine Pinus tabulaeformis AZ Chihuahua Pine Pinus leiophylla Cluster Pine Pinus pinaster AZ Elderica Pine Pinus elderica AZ AZ Italian Stone Pine Pinus pinea AZ Japanese Black Pine Pinus thunbergii Long Leaf Pine Pinus palustris Mexican Pinyon Pine Pinus cembroides AZ Colorado Pinyon Pine Pinus Edulis AZ Ponderosa Pine Pinus ponderosa AZ Scotch Pine Pinus sylvestre AZ Single Leaf Pine Pinus monophylla AZ Texas Pine Pinus remota AZ, TX Common Trees Scientific Name 1G 3/5G 10G 15 G Arizona Sycamore Platanus wrightii ** Ash, Arizona Fraxinus velutina AZ AZ Black Walnut, Arizona Juglans major AZ AZ Black Walnut, Texas Juglans microcarpa TX Black Walnut juglans nigra AZ, TX Big Tooth Maple Acer grandidentatum AZ Carolina Buckthorn Rhamnus caroliniana TX Chitalpa Chitalpa tashkentensis AZ Crabapple, Blanco Malus ioensis var. texana Cypress, Bald Taxodium distichum AZ Desert Willow Chillopsis linearis AZ AZ Elm, Cedar Ulmus crassifolia TX TX Ginko Ginkgo biloba TX Hackberry, Canyon Celtis reticulata AZ AZ AZ Hackberry, Common Celtis occidentalis TX Maple (Sugar) Acer saccharum AZ AZ Mexican Maple Acer skutchii AZ Mexican Sycamore Platanus mexicana ** Mimosa, fragrant Mimosa borealis Page 1 Oaks of the Wild West Inventory Pistache (Red Push) Pistacia
  • Section [I]Cerris[I] in Western Eurasia: Inferences from Plastid

    Section [I]Cerris[I] in Western Eurasia: Inferences from Plastid

    A peer-reviewed version of this preprint was published in PeerJ on 17 October 2018. View the peer-reviewed version (peerj.com/articles/5793), which is the preferred citable publication unless you specifically need to cite this preprint. Simeone MC, Cardoni S, Piredda R, Imperatori F, Avishai M, Grimm GW, Denk T. 2018. Comparative systematics and phylogeography of Quercus Section Cerris in western Eurasia: inferences from plastid and nuclear DNA variation. PeerJ 6:e5793 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5793 Comparative systematics and phylogeography of Quercus Section Cerris in western Eurasia: inferences from plastid and nuclear DNA variation Marco Cosimo Simeone Corresp., 1 , Simone Cardoni 1 , Roberta Piredda 2 , Francesca Imperatori 1 , Michael Avishai 3 , Guido W Grimm 4 , Thomas Denk 5 1 Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science (DAFNE), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy 2 Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy 3 Jerusalem Botanical Gardens, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 4 Orleans, France 5 Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden Corresponding Author: Marco Cosimo Simeone Email address: [email protected] Oaks (Quercus) comprise more than 400 species worldwide and centres of diversity for most sections lie in the Americas and East/Southeast Asia. The only exception is the Eurasian Sect. Cerris that comprises 15 species, a dozen of which are confined to western Eurasia. This section has not been comprehensively studied using molecular tools. Here, we assess species diversity and reconstruct a first comprehensive taxonomic scheme of western Eurasian members of Sect. Cerris using plastid (trnH-psbA) and nuclear (5S-IGS) DNA variation with a dense intra-specific and geographic sampling.
  • A Trip to Study Oaks and Conifers in a Californian Landscape with the International Oak Society

    A Trip to Study Oaks and Conifers in a Californian Landscape with the International Oak Society

    A Trip to Study Oaks and Conifers in a Californian Landscape with the International Oak Society Harry Baldwin and Thomas Fry - 2018 Table of Contents Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Aims and Objectives: .................................................................................................................................................. 4 How to achieve set objectives: ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Sharing knowledge of experience gained: ....................................................................................................................... 4 Map of Places Visited: ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Itinerary .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Background to Oaks .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Cosumnes River Preserve ........................................................................................................................................