Supplementary Material
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry
The effects of Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry on rainforest vegetation and understorey microclimate adjacent to powerlines, highways and streams in the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area Catherine L. Pohlman and Miriam Goosem School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University Supported by the Australian Government’s Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility Project 4.9.3 Impacts of urbanisation on North Queensland environments: management and remediation © James Cook University ISBN 978-1-921359-12-5 This report should be cited as: Pohlman, C. and Goosem, M. (2007) The effects of Severe Tropical Cyclone Larry on rainforest vegetation and understorey microclimate adjacent to powerlines, highways and streams in the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area. Report to the Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility. Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited, Cairns (47pp.). Made available online by the Reef and Rainforest Research Centre on behalf of the Australian Government’s Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility. The Australian Government’s Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility (MTSRF) supports world-class, public good research. The MTSRF is a major initiative of the Australian Government, designed to ensure that Australia’s environmental challenges are addressed in an innovative, collaborative and sustainable way. The MTSRF investment is managed by the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEWHA), and is supplemented by substantial cash and in-kind investments from research providers and interested third parties. The Reef and Rainforest Research Centre Limited (RRRC) is contracted by DEWHA to provide program management and communications services for the MTSRF. This publication is copyright. The Copyright Act 1968 permits fair dealing for study, research, information or educational purposes subject to inclusion of a sufficient acknowledgement of the source. -
I Is the Sunda-Sahul Floristic Exchange Ongoing?
Is the Sunda-Sahul floristic exchange ongoing? A study of distributions, functional traits, climate and landscape genomics to investigate the invasion in Australian rainforests By Jia-Yee Samantha Yap Bachelor of Biotechnology Hons. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2018 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation i Abstract Australian rainforests are of mixed biogeographical histories, resulting from the collision between Sahul (Australia) and Sunda shelves that led to extensive immigration of rainforest lineages with Sunda ancestry to Australia. Although comprehensive fossil records and molecular phylogenies distinguish between the Sunda and Sahul floristic elements, species distributions, functional traits or landscape dynamics have not been used to distinguish between the two elements in the Australian rainforest flora. The overall aim of this study was to investigate both Sunda and Sahul components in the Australian rainforest flora by (1) exploring their continental-wide distributional patterns and observing how functional characteristics and environmental preferences determine these patterns, (2) investigating continental-wide genomic diversities and distances of multiple species and measuring local species accumulation rates across multiple sites to observe whether past biotic exchange left detectable and consistent patterns in the rainforest flora, (3) coupling genomic data and species distribution models of lineages of known Sunda and Sahul ancestry to examine landscape-level dynamics and habitat preferences to relate to the impact of historical processes. First, the continental distributions of rainforest woody representatives that could be ascribed to Sahul (795 species) and Sunda origins (604 species) and their dispersal and persistence characteristics and key functional characteristics (leaf size, fruit size, wood density and maximum height at maturity) of were compared. -
Project 2.5Ii.2 JCU Liddell, M. (2010) 'Climate Change: Scaling from Trees
Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility (MTSRF) Project 2.5ii.2 ‘Climate Change: Scaling from trees to ecosystems’ Final Report on Project Activities, June 2010 Project Leader: Dr Michael Liddell, James Cook University Project Investigators: Objective (a) – Atmospheric Fluxes ........................... Dr Michael Liddell ................... JCU Objective (b) – Plant Physiology ................................ Dr Will Edwards ...................... JCU Objective (c) – Fluxes of Carbon and Water .............. Dr Paul Nelson ....................... JCU Objective (d) – Flowering/fruiting Phenology ............. Dr Caroline Gross ................... UNE Objective (e) – Insect Populations ............................. Professor Nigel Stork ............... UM Supported by the Australian Government’s Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility Program 5(ii): Climate Change (Rainforests and Catchments) http://www.rrrc.org.au/mtsrf/theme_2/program_5ii.html Final Project Report Project 2.5ii.2 Page 1 of 48 Contents Summary ................................................................................................................................3 Project Results ....................................................................................................................... 5 Background ................................................................................................................... 5 Objective (a) – Atmospheric Fluxes .................................................................................... 6 Principal -
Global Variation in the Thermal Tolerances of Plants
Global variation in the thermal tolerances of plants Lesley T. Lancaster1* and Aelys M. Humphreys2,3 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA (2020) 1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, United Kingdom. ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3135-4835 2Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. 3Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2515-6509 * Corresponding author: [email protected] Significance Statement Knowledge of how thermal tolerances are distributed across major clades and biogeographic regions is important for understanding biome formation and climate change responses. However, most research has concentrated on animals, and we lack equivalent knowledge for other organisms. Here we compile global data on heat and cold tolerances of plants, showing that many, but not all, broad-scale patterns known from animals are also true for plants. Importantly, failing to account simultaneously for influences of local environments, and evolutionary and biogeographic histories, can mislead conclusions about underlying drivers. Our study unravels how and why plant cold and heat tolerances vary globally, and highlights that all plants, particularly at mid-to-high latitudes and in their non-hardened state, are vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Abstract Thermal macrophysiology is an established research field that has led to well-described patterns in the global structuring of climate adaptation and risk. However, since it was developed primarily in animals we lack information on how general these patterns are across organisms. This is alarming if we are to understand how thermal tolerances are distributed globally, improve predictions of climate change, and mitigate effects. -
Cunoniaceae.Pdf
Species information Abo ut Reso urces Hom e A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Cunoniaceae Family Profile Cunoniaceae Family Description A family of about 27 genera and 280 species, mostly in the southern hemisphere, in South America north to Mexico and the West Indies, Malesia, Australia, New Caledonia and the SW Pacific islands; 14 genera occur naturally in Australia. Genera Ackama - A genus of 4 species in Australia and New Zealand; two species occur naturally in Australia. Hoogland (1979); Heslewood & Wilson (2013). Ceratopetalum - A genus of about eight species restricted to New Guinea and Australia; nine species occur naturally in Australia. Hoogland (1960, 1982). Davidsonia - A genus of one or two species endemic to Australia. Cronquist (1981); Floyd (1989). Eucryphia - A genus of about seven species in Australia and Chile; five species occur naturally in Australia. Forster & Hyland (1997); Taylor & Hill (1996). Gillbeea - A genus of three species in New Guinea and Australia; two species occurs naturally in Australia. Rozefelds & Pellow (2000). Karrabina - A genus of two species endemic to Australia. Hutchinson (1967); Schimanski & Rozefelds (2002); Hopkins et al (2013). Pseudoweinmannia - A monotypic genus endemic to Australia. Francis (1970). Pullea - A genus of three species in New Guinea, Australia and Fiji; one species occurs naturally in Australia. Hoogland (1979). Schizomeria - A genus of about 18 species in the Moluccas, New Guinea and Australia; two species occur naturally in Australia. Francis (1970). Spiraeanthemum - A genus of 20 species in the Molluccas, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, Australia, New Caledonia and Fiji; one species occurs naturally in Australia. -
Phylogenetic Distribution and Identification of Fin-Winged Fruits
Bot. Rev. (2010) 76:1–82 DOI 10.1007/s12229-010-9041-0 Phylogenetic Distribution and Identification of Fin-winged Fruits Steven R. Manchester1,2 & Elizabeth L. O’Leary1 1 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA 2 Author for Correspondence; e-mail: [email protected] Published online: 9 March 2010 # The New York Botanical Garden 2010 Abstract Fin-winged fruits have two or more wings aligned with the longitudinal axis like the feathers of an arrow, as exemplified by Combretum, Halesia,andPtelea. Such fruits vary in dispersal mode from those in which the fruit itself is the ultimate disseminule, to schizocarps dispersing two or more mericarps, to capsules releasing multiple seeds. At least 45 families and more than 140 genera are known to possess fin-winged fruits. We present an inventory of these taxa and describe their morphological characters as an aid for the identification and phylogenetic assessment of fossil and extant genera. Such fruits are most prevalent among Eudicots, but occur occasionally in Magnoliids (Hernandiaceae: Illigera) and Monocots (Burmannia, Dioscorea, Herreria). Although convergent in general form, fin-winged fruits of different genera can be distinguished by details of the wing number, texture, shape and venation, along with characters of persistent floral parts and dehiscence mode. Families having genera with fin-winged fruits and epigynous perianth include Aizoaceae, Apiaceae, Araliaceae, Asteraceae, Begoniaceae, Burmanniaceae, Combre- taceae, Cucurbitaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Haloragaceae, Lecythidiaceae, Lophopyxida- ceae, Loranthaceae, and Styracaceae. Families with genera having fin-winged fruits and hypogynous perianth include Achariaceae, Brassicaceae, Burseraceae, Celastra- ceae, Cunoniaceae, Cyrillaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Melianthaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Pedaliaceae, Polygalaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Polygonaceae, Rhamnaceae, Salicaceae sl, Sapindaceae, Simaroubaceae, Trigoniaceae, and Zygophyllaceae. -
Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific
Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific Craig Costion School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA 5005 Thesis by publication submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology July 2011 ABSTRACT This thesis advances plant biodiversity knowledge in three separate bioregions, Micronesia, the Queensland Wet Tropics, and South Australia. A systematic treatment of the endemic flora of Micronesia is presented for the first time thus advancing alpha taxonomy for the Micronesia-Polynesia biodiversity hotspot region. The recognized species boundaries are used in combination with all known botanical collections as a basis for assessing the degree of threat for the endemic plants of the Palau archipelago located at the western most edge of Micronesia’s Caroline Islands. A preliminary assessment is conducted utilizing the IUCN red list Criteria followed by a new proposed alternative methodology that enables a degree of threat to be established utilizing existing data. Historical records and archaeological evidence are reviewed to establish the minimum extent of deforestation on the islands of Palau since the arrival of humans. This enabled a quantification of population declines of the majority of plants endemic to the archipelago. In the state of South Australia, the importance of establishing concepts of endemism is emphasized even further. A thorough scientific assessment is presented on the state’s proposed biological corridor reserve network. The report highlights the exclusion from the reserve system of one of the state’s most important hotspots of plant endemism that is highly threatened from habitat fragmentation and promotes the use of biodiversity indices to guide conservation priorities in setting up reserve networks. -
Signals of Recent Tropical Radiations in Cunoniaceae, an Iconic Family for Understanding Southern Hemisphere Biogeography
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.23.916817; this version posted January 24, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. Signals of recent tropical radiations in Cunoniaceae, an iconic family for understanding Southern Hemisphere biogeography Ricardo A. Segovia1,2, Andy R. Griffiths1, Diego Arenas3, A. A. Piyali Dias1,4, Kyle G. Dexter1,4 1 School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. 2 Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (www.ieb-chile.cl), Santiago, Chile. 3 School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, United Kingdom. 4 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, United Kingdom. * [email protected] Abstract Extratropical angiosperm diversity is thought to have arisen from lineages that originated in the more diverse tropics, but studies of dispersal be- tween tropical and extratropical environments and their consequences for diversification are rare. In order to understand the evolutionary effects of shifts between the tropics and extratropics, defined here as areas that do versus do not regularly experience freezing temperatures, we studied the biogeographic history and associated diversification patterns of Cunoniaceae. We mapped the distribution of all species in the family and combined this with a newly constructed phylogeny for the family. The family shows a long evolutionary association with both tropical and extratropical environments, the tropics house considerably greater species richness of Cunoniaceae. In- deed, both tropical and extratropical environments appear to have had a similar number of lineages until 12 Ma, after which time the number of lineages in tropical areas increased at a faster rate. -
Floral Structure and Systematics in Four Orders of Rosids, Including a Broad Survey of floral Mucilage Cells
Pl. Syst. Evol. 260: 199–221 (2006) DOI 10.1007/s00606-006-0443-8 Floral structure and systematics in four orders of rosids, including a broad survey of floral mucilage cells M. L. Matthews and P. K. Endress Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Switzerland Received November 11, 2005; accepted February 5, 2006 Published online: July 20, 2006 Ó Springer-Verlag 2006 Abstract. Phylogenetic studies have greatly ened mucilaginous inner cell wall and a distinct, impacted upon the circumscription of taxa within remaining cytoplasm is surveyed in 88 families the rosid clade, resulting in novel relationships at and 321 genera (349 species) of basal angiosperms all systematic levels. In many cases the floral and eudicots. These cells were found to be most structure of these taxa has never been compared, common in rosids, particulary fabids (Malpighi- and in some families, even studies of their floral ales, Oxalidales, Fabales, Rosales, Fagales, Cuc- structure are lacking. Over the past five years we urbitales), but were also found in some malvids have compared floral structure in both new and (Malvales). They are notably absent or rare in novel orders of rosids. Four orders have been asterids (present in campanulids: Aquifoliales, investigated including Celastrales, Oxalidales, Stemonuraceae) and do not appear to occur in Cucurbitales and Crossosomatales, and in this other eudicot clades or in basal angiosperms. paper we attempt to summarize the salient results Within the flower they are primarily found in the from these studies. The clades best supported by abaxial epidermis of sepals. floral structure are: in Celastrales, the enlarged Celastraceae and the sister relationship between Celastraceae and Parnassiaceae; in Oxalidales, the Key words: androecium, Celastrales, Crossoso- sister relationship between Oxalidaceae and Con- matales, Cucurbitales, gynoecium, Oxalidales. -
Cunoniaceae) Downloaded from by Columbia University User on 27 November 2019 Nathan A
Annals of Botany 121: 431–442, 2018 doi:10.1093/aob/mcx173, available online at www.academic.oup.com/aob Fossil flowers from the early Palaeocene of Patagonia, Argentina, with affinity to Schizomerieae (Cunoniaceae) Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-abstract/121/3/431/4788738 by Columbia University user on 27 November 2019 Nathan A. Jud1, Maria A. Gandolfo1,*, Ari Iglesias2 and Peter Wilf3 1L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, 2Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Ambiente INIBIOMA-CONICET, San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro 8400, Argentina and 3Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA *For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 17 May 2017 Returned for revision: 27 July 2017 Editorial decision: 4 October 2017 Accepted: 9 November 2017 Published electronically: 4 January 2018 • Background and Aims Early Palaeocene (Danian) plant fossils from Patagonia provide information on the recovery from the end-Cretaceous extinction and Cenozoic floristic change in South America. Actinomorphic flowers with eight to ten perianth parts are described and evaluated in a phylogenetic framework. The goal of this study is to determine the identity of these fossil flowers and to discuss their evolutionary, palaeoecological and biogeographical significance • Methods More than 100 fossilized flowers were collected from three localities in the Danian Salamanca and Peñas Coloradas Formations in southern Chubut. They were prepared, photographed and compared with similar extant and fossil flowers using published literature and herbarium specimens. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using morphological and molecular data. -
Guide to Monitoring Phytophthora-Related Dieback in the Wet Tropics of North Queensland
Guide to Monitoring BEST PRACTICE MANUAL Phytophthora Guide to Monitoring -related Dieback in the Wet Tropics -related Dieback in the Wet Phytophthora-related Dieback in the Wet Tropics of North Queensland Stuart J. Worboys Stuart J. Worboys Rainforest CRC Headquarters at James Cook University, Smithfield, Cairns Postal address: PO Box 6811, Cairns, QLD 4870, AUSTRALIA Phone: (07) 4042 1246 Fax: (07) 4042 1247 Email: [email protected] http://www.rainforest-crc.jcu.edu.au The Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management (Rainforest CRC) is a research partnership involving the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management Commonwealth and Queensland State Governments, the Wet Tropics Management Authority, the tourism industry, Aboriginal groups, the CSIRO, James Cook University, Griffith University and The University of Queensland. GUIDE TO MONITORING PHYTOPHTHORA-RELATED DIEBACK IN THE WET TROPICS OF NORTH QUEENSLAND Stuart J. Worboys School of Tropical Biology James Cook University, Cairns Established and supported under the Australian Cooperative Research Centres Program © Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management. ISBN 0 86443 755 2 This work is copyright. The Copyright Act 1968 permits fair dealing for study, research, news reporting, criticism or review. Selected passages, tables or diagrams may be reproduced for such purposes provided acknowledgment of the source is included. Major extracts of the entire document may not be reproduced by any process without written permission of the Chief Executive Officer, Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management. Published by the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management. Further copies may be requested from the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management, James Cook University, PO Box 6811 Cairns, QLD, Australia 4870. -
State of Wet Tropics Report 2013-2014
STATE OF THE WET TROPICS REPORT 2013–2014 State of Wet Tropics Management Authority 2013-2014 Ancient, threatened and endemic plants of the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area Purpose of the report Each year the Wet Tropics Management Authority prepares a report on the administration of the Act during the year, fi nancial statements for the year, and a report on the state of Area. This State of Wet Tropics report satisfi es the requirements of Queensland’s Wet Tropics World Heritage Protection and Management Act 1993 and the Commonwealth’s Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Conservation Act 1994. Public availability This publication can be accessed and downloaded from our website at www.wettropics.gov.au Alternatively, hard copies of this publication can be obtained by emailing [email protected] Interpreter service statement The Wet Tropics Management Authority is committed to providing accessible services to people from all culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. If you have diffi culty in understanding this report and need to access this document in a language other than English, please call the Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS National) on 131 450 and ask them to telephone the Queensland Government Library Services on +61 7 3224 8412. © Wet Tropics Management Authority 2014 Licence This report is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 3.0 Australia licence. CC BY Licence Summary Statement In essence, you are free to copy, communicate and adapt this annual report, as long as you attribute the work to the Wet Tropics Management Authority. To view a copy of this licence, visit www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en Attribution Content from this annual report should be attributed as: Wet Tropics Management Authority (2014) State of Wet Tropics Report 2013/14: Ancient, threatened and endemic plants of the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area.