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State Responsibilities in Combating Trafficking in Persons in Central Asia, 27 Loy
Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review Volume 27 Number 2 Article 1 3-1-2005 State Responsibilities in Combating Trafficking inersons P in Central Asia Mohamed Y. Mattar Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ilr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Mohamed Y. Mattar, State Responsibilities in Combating Trafficking in Persons in Central Asia, 27 Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 145 (2005). Available at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ilr/vol27/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. State Responsibilities in Combating Trafficking in Persons in Central Asia MOHAMED Y. MATAR* I. INTRODUCTION Since the early 1990s, trafficking in persons has been among the major human rights problems in the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe. In more recent years, however, "the focus of human traffickers ha[s] shifted to... Central Asia, a region fraught with social, political, and economic tension."' Existing research on the issue suggests that the fastest growth rates of trafficking are currently observed in the former Soviet Union, including Central Asia,2 and estimates that the region "is becoming the most important geographical source of trafficking in women in Asia."3 Further, trafficking in persons is a significant problem in the Central Asian countries of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, * Mohamed Y. -
RUSSIA and CHINA and Central Asia Programme at ISPI
RUSSIA AND CHINA. ANATOMY OF A A PARTNERSHIP OF AND RUSSIA CHINA. ANATOMY Aldo Ferrari While the “decline of the West” is now almost taken is Head of the Russia, Caucasus for granted, China’s impressive economic performance RUSSIA AND CHINA and Central Asia Programme at ISPI. and the political influence of an assertive Russia in the international arena are combining to make Eurasia a key Founded in 1934, ISPI is Eleonora Tafuro Ambrosetti Anatomy of a Partnership hub of political and economic power. That, certainly, an independent think tank is a Research Fellow committed to the study of is the story which Beijing and Moscow have been telling at the Russia, Caucasus and international political and Central Asia Centre at ISPI. for years. edited by Aldo Ferrari and Eleonora Tafuro Ambrosetti economic dynamics. Are the times ripe for a “Eurasian world order”? What It is the only Italian Institute exactly does the supposed Sino-Russian challenge to introduction by Paolo Magri – and one of the very few in the liberal world entail? Are the two countries’ worsening Europe – to combine research clashes with the West drawing them closer together? activities with a significant This ISPI Report tackles every aspect of the apparently commitment to training, events, solidifying alliance between Moscow and Beijing, but also and global risk analysis for points out its growing asymmetries. It also recommends companies and institutions. some policies that could help the EU to deal with this ISPI favours an interdisciplinary “Eurasian shift”, a long-term and multi-faceted power and policy-oriented approach made possible by a research readjustment that may lead to the end of the world team of over 50 analysts and as we have known it. -
Russia's Foreign Policy: Key Regions and Issues
Forschungsstelle Osteuropa Bremen Arbeitspapiere und Materialien No. 87 – November 2007 Russia's Foreign Policy: Key Regions and Issues Edited by Robert Orttung, Jeronim Perovic, Heiko Pleines, Hans-Henning Schröder Forschungsstelle Osteuropa an der Universität Bremen Klagenfurter Straße 3, D-28359 Bremen Tel. +49 421 218-3687, Fax +49 421 218-3269 http://www.forschungsstelle.uni-bremen.de Arbeitspapiere und Materialien – Forschungsstelle Osteuropa, Bremen Working Papers of the Research Centre for East European Studies, Bremen No. 87: Robert Orttung, Jeronim Perovic, Heiko Pleines, Hans-Henning Schröder (eds.): Russia’s Foreign Policy: Key Regions and Issues November 2007 ISSN: 1616-7384 All contributions in this Working Paper are reprints from the Russian Analytical Digest. About the Russian Analytical Digest: The Russian Analytical Digest is a bi-weekly internet publication which is jointly produced by the Research Centre for East European Studies [Forschungsstelle Osteuropa] at the University of Bremen (www.forschungsstelle.uni-bremen.de) and the Center for Security Studies (CSS) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich) (www.css.ethz.ch). It is supported by the Otto-Wolff-Foundation and the German Association for East European Studies (DGO). The Digest draws from contributions to the German-language Russlandanalysen, the CSS analytical network Russian and Eurasian Security Network (RES) and the Russian Regional Report. For a free subscription and for back issues please visit the Russian Analytical Digest website at www.res.ethz.ch/analysis/rad Technical Editor: Matthias Neumann Cover based on a work of art by Nicholas Bodde Opinions expressed in publications of the Research Centre for East European Studies are solely those of the authors. -
List of Participants
GC(42)/INF/13/Rev. 3 International Atomic Energy Agency 25 September 1998 GENERAL Distr. GENERAL CONFERENCE ENGLISH only Forty-second regular session Vienna, 21-25 September 1998 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Information received by 7 .00 p.m. on 24 September 1998 CONTENTS 1. MEMBER STATES 1-70 2. REPRESENTATION OF STATES NOT MEMBERS OF THE AGENCY AND OF OTHER ORGANISATIONS 71-81 An asterisk following a name indicates that the participant's spouse is present in Vienna. PLEASE NOTE THAT TITLES PROVIDED IN FRENCH AND SPANISH HAVE BEEN INFORMALLY TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH BY THE SECRETARIAT. 1. MEMBER STATES AFGHANISTAN Delegate: Mr. Farid A. AMIN Acting Resident Representative to the Agency ALBANIA Delegate: Mr. Spiro KOÇI First Secretary Alternate to the Resident Representative Alternate: Mr. Robert KUSHE Director Institute of Nuclear Physics, Tirana ALGERIA Delegate: Mr. Abderrahmane KADRİ Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission Head of the Delegation Advisers: Mr. Mokhtar REGUIEG Ambassador to Austria Resident Representative to the Agency Mr. El Arbi ALIOUA Counsellor Atomic Energy Commission Mr. Mohamed CHIKOUCHE Counsellor Atomic Energy Commission Mr. Salah DJEFFAL Director Center for Radiation Protection and Security (CRS) Mr. YoussefTOUIL Director Center for Development of Nuclear Technologies (CDTN) Mr. Ali AISSAOUI Counsellor Atomic Energy Commission Mr. Abdelmadjid DRAIA Counsellor Permanent Mission in Vienna Mr. Boualem CHEBIHI Counsellor, Ministry of Foreign Affairs ARGENTINA Delegate: Mr. Juan Carlos KRECKLER Ambassador to Austria Designated Resident Representative to the Agency Alternates: Mr. Dan BENINSON President of the Board Nuclear Regulatory Authority (ARN) Alternate to the Governor Mr. Pedro VILLAGRA DELGADO Director, International Security Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship Alternate to the Governor Mr. -
SPANISH and KAZAKH EFFORTS to BRING CENTRAL ASIA to the FORE of EUROPEAN POLITICS UNISCI Discussion Papers, Núm
UNISCI Discussion Papers ISSN: 1696-2206 [email protected] Universidad Complutense de Madrid España Simão, Licínia AN IMPROBABLE PARTNERSHIP: SPANISH AND KAZAKH EFFORTS TO BRING CENTRAL ASIA TO THE FORE OF EUROPEAN POLITICS UNISCI Discussion Papers, núm. 23, mayo, 2010, pp. 225-233 Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=76715004014 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative UNISCI Discussion Papers, Nº 23 (May / Mayo 2010) ISSN 1696-2206 AN IMPROBABLE PARTNERSHIP: SPANISH AND KAZAKH EFFORTS TO BRING CENTRAL ASIA TO THE FORE OF EUROPEAN POLITICS Licínia Simão 1 University of Coimbra Abstract: The paper addresses the potential for the current Spanish Presidency of the Council of the EU and the Kazakh Chairmanship of the OSCE to coordinate efforts in turning Central Asia into a more prominent area of interest in European politics. It provides an analysis of the interests and major areas of interaction of the two organisations in Central Asia and puts forward a reflection on the impact that such an improbable partnership can have in shifting mutual perspectives and in developing a long-term outlook for the EU and the OSCE in Central Asia. Keywords: EU, OSCE, Central Asia. Resumen: El artículo discute sobre el potencial de la actual Presidencia española del Consejo de la UE y la Presidencia kazaja de la OSCE para coordinar esfuerzos en convertir a Asia Central en un área de interés más prominente para la política europea. -
BTI 2014 | Kazakhstan Country Report
BTI 2014 | Kazakhstan Country Report Status Index 1-10 5.05 # 81 of 129 Political Transformation 1-10 3.85 # 102 of 129 Economic Transformation 1-10 6.25 # 47 of 129 Management Index 1-10 4.67 # 74 of 129 scale score rank trend This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2014. It covers the period from 31 January 2011 to 31 January 2013. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of political management in 129 countries. More on the BTI at http://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2014 — Kazakhstan Country Report. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2014. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. BTI 2014 | Kazakhstan 2 Key Indicators Population M 16.8 HDI 0.754 GDP p.c. $ 13916.6 Pop. growth1 % p.a. 1.4 HDI rank of 187 69 Gini Index 29.0 Life expectancy years 68.9 UN Education Index 0.839 Poverty3 % 1.1 Urban population % 53.5 Gender inequality2 0.312 Aid per capita $ 3.1 Sources: The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2013 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2013. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $2 a day. Executive Summary At the close of Kazakhstan’s chairmanship of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), 2011 began on a note of optimism. However, by the end of the year, 2011 would be called “one of the hardest and most tragic” in the 20 years of Kazakhstani independence. -
Chevron Approves $36.8 Billion Tengiz Field Expansion Project
+32° / +21°C WEDNESDAY, JULY 13, 2016 No 13 (103) www.astanatimes.com Astana Celebrates 18th Birthday with President a Week of Arts, Sport, Craft Shows Congratulates Nation on Winning Seat on UN Security Council the world has faced an unprec- By Arnur Aubakirov edented scale of new security threats. We will make a signifi- ASTANA – President Nursul- cant contribution to finding so- tan Nazarbayev called Kazakh- lutions to global problems. Sta- stan’s election as non-permanent bility and security in the world member of the UN Security – that’s what we want for all our Council for 2017-2018 a “historic citizens,” Nazarbayev said in his achievement.” televised statement on June 29. “Kazakhstan’s election as a He also underlined that this is non-permanent member of the why Kazakhstan would take ad- UN Security Council is a his- vantage of its chance to make the toric achievement. This is not future more confident and pros- only our country’s success but perous for all. that of the entire sub region of “We intend to draw the global Central Asia, which had never community’s attention on our been represented in the body re- initiatives. They aim to build a sponsible for international peace world free from nuclear weapons and security. Kazakhstan was and from the virus of war and elected a member of the UN Se- conflicts. Kazakhstan will work curity Council for the next two to achieve this noble goal for the years. It will be a difficult period centenary of the United Nations in international relations and it in 2045. -
Kazakh President Addresses Global Issues in Astana Club Speech AIFC, Green Tech Centre and IT Start-Up Hub to Begin Operating
0° / -6°C WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2017 No 22 (136) www.astanatimes.com Kazakh President addresses global Nazarbayev, Putin discuss issues in Astana Club speech developing human capital at interregional forum “Experts forecast that by 2030, By Aigerim Seisembayeva about 60 professions in various spheres will vanish, and more than ASTANA – A number of inter- 180 new ones will emerge. Accord- state, intergovernmental, regional ing to the Human Development and commercial documents were Report, in the next five years, more signed Nov. 9 at the 14th Forum of than a third of knowledge and skills Interregional Cooperation between necessary for work will change. Kazakhstan and Russia in Chely- This is a serious challenge, and its abinsk. Visiting Kazakh President solution should become one of our Nursultan Nazarbayev and his cooperation’s top priorities,” he Russian counterpart Vladimir Pu- said, adding that it is important to tin also signed a joint statement develop human capital in educa- devoted to the 25th anniversary of tion, health and social protection. diplomatic relations between the “To date, more than 30 Ka- two states (Oct. 22, 1992). zakh universities conduct joint “Our interregional cooperation is scientific research with Russian the basis of economic interaction, universities. I propose to create President Nursultan Nazarbayev (C) speaks to the politicians and experts in Astana on Nov. 13, flanked by Parliament Senate Chairman Kassym-Jomart Tokayev (L) and Institute of World Economy and Politics Director Yerzhan Saltybayev. which, despite all the difficulties, is Kazakh-Russian scientific con- growing. In the past nine months, our sortiums in promising areas, such trade turnover grew 31 percent. -
Osce Conflict Management in Central Asia Fighting Windmills Like Don Quixote
security and human rights 27 (2016) 479-497 brill.com/shrs osce Conflict Management in Central Asia Fighting Windmills like Don Quixote Pál Dunay Professor of nato and European Security Issues, George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany Abstract Conflicts and their management in Central Asia have never been prioritised by the osce although five states of the region are among its participating states. This has been due to that unlike in some other parts of the post-Soviet space most of the con- flicts did not threaten with military escalation, and the intensity of strategic rivalry is less noticeable in this distant part of the osce area than closer to the heart of E urope. The fact Russia is not a direct party to the conflicts in Central Asia also reduces the interests of many participating states. There was one high intensity conflict in the re- gion, the Tajik civil war that came too early for the osce. Lower intensity conflicts, ranging from border skirmishes, disputes about access to water, violation of rights of national minority groups, rigged elections are monitored and their resolutions are fa- cilitated by the organisation. Some of them, like the 2010 Kyrgyz-Uzbek conflict had such short shelf-life internationally that no consensus-based inter-governmental organisation could have effectively intervened into it. The osce has been successful in conflict management when the party or parties also wanted to break the stale-mate that the Organization could facilitate. Domestic change in some Central Asian states is essential for advancing the osces cooperative security approach. -
Uzbekistan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests
Order Code RS21238 Updated August 27, 2008 Uzbekistan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests Jim Nichol Specialist in Russian and Eurasian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary Uzbekistan is a potential Central Asian regional power by virtue of its relatively large population, energy and other resources, and location in the heart of the region. It has failed to make progress in economic and political reforms, and many observers criticize its human rights record. This report discusses U.S. policy and assistance. Basic facts and biographical information are provided. This report may be updated. Related products include CRS Report RL33458, Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests. U.S. Policy According to the Administration, “it is in the U.S. and Uzbekistan’s interest to promote democracy, respect for human rights, territorial integrity, and the transition to a market-based economy in order to bolster greater social and political stability.” However, the Uzbek government’s continued “repression of civil society, religious groups, and political opposition [decreases] options for U.S. assistance.”1 Cumulative U.S. assistance budgeted for Uzbekistan in FY1992-FY2007 was $845.5 million (FREEDOM Support Act and agency budgets). In FY2008, estimated budgeted assistance was $10.19 million, and the Administration has requested $7.94 million for FY2009 (FREEDOM Support Act and other Function 150 foreign aid, excluding Defense and Energy Department funds). The main priorities of U.S. assistance requested for FY2009 are planned to be democratization, healthcare, and agricultural reforms. Plans for FY2009 include support for local groups, lawyers, and 1 U.S. -
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Script 26 minutes TV-Documentary THE ATOM PROJECT launches in support of the UN International Day Against Nuclear Testing August 27th – 30th, 2012– Astana / Semey / Kazakhstan www.theatomproject.org www.rocketmedia.at 00:08:00 - 00:23:00 Ground Zero near Kurtschatov in East Kazakhstan. The first Soviet nuclear weapon test was carried out in this vast and featureless steppe just 100 miles from Semipalatinsk on August 29th 1949. 00:33:00 - 00:46:00 Karipbek Kuyukov was born without arms. He lived in this area and his family witnessed the tests of nuclear weapons without knowing about the terrible consequences for them and their children. 00:51:00 – 01:05:00 Karipbek Kuyukov, Honorary Ambassador of the Atom Project “My mother was climbing on the mountain and she saw a mountain trembling and those explosions. People were told in advance that they should lay on the ground and leave their houses, covering themselves with something. 01:09:00 – 01:20:00 And they went outside to watch it. It was very interesting for them and they saw this for themselves. Every time my mother started to cry and she was afraid that a war had started” 01:24:00 – 02:06:00 This was true, but it was a different war! The cold war between the powers of the United States and the Soviet Union was a dangerous power struggle. Both sides possessed nuclear weapons and this seemed to guarantee mutual destruction. The threat of nuclear warfare was evident. The region of East Kazakhstan remained an epicenter of the cold war for the former Soviet Union and 456 nuclear weapons were detonated at the testing site by 1989. -
The UK's Foreign Policy Towards Afghanistan and Pakistan
1 House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee The UK’s Foreign Policy towards Afghanistan and Pakistan Written Evidence This is a volume of submissions, relevant to the inquiry ‘The UK’s Foreign Policy towards Afghanistan and Pakistan’, which have been reported to the House. Only those submissions written specifically for the Committee have been included. 2 List of written evidence 1 Foreign and Commonwealth Office 3 2 The Henry Jackson Society 73 3 Christian Aid 84 4 Oxfam GB 88 5 British and Irish Agencies Afghanistan Group (BAAG) 100 6 James Fergusson, author and journalist 109 7 Matt Waldman, independent Afghanistan analyst 114 8 Gerard Russell MBE, Research Fellow, Harvard Kennedy School’s Carr Center for Human Rights Policy 124 9 Dr Sajjan M. Gohel, International Security Director, Asia-Pacific Foundation 130 10 Professor Sultan Barakat & Mr Steven A. Zyck, Post-war Reconstruction & Development Unit, University of York 175 11 Professor Philip M. Taylor, University of Leeds 183 12 Andrew Watt 187 13 Chris Coverdale, Campaign to Make Wars History 194 14 BBC World Service 205 15 Professor Shaun Gregory 213 16 Roman Solodchenko 217 17 Correspondence between the Chair and the Prime Minister 221 18 Supplementary written evidence from Sir Sherard Cowper-Coles KCMG LVO 222 3 Written Evidence from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office SUMMARY Why Afghanistan and Pakistan Matter to UK Interests 1. Afghanistan and Pakistan are this Government’s top priorities in Foreign Affairs. Violent extremism in both countries poses a threat to UK interests and to regional stability and claims the lives of thousands of civilians and security personnel.