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On Archaeology Ae Ty’n Y Llidiart, B5437, Corwen, Denbighshire, LL21 9RJ. October 2016 V 2.0 on archaeology e a Archaeological Assessment Project Code: A0097.1 Report no. 0107 Ty’n Y Llidiart, B5437, Corwen, Denbighshire, LL21 9RJ. October 2016 V 2.0 Report no. 0107 v2.0 Archaeological Assessment Aeon Archaeology 25, Mold Road Broughton Chester CH4 0PQ on archaeology e a Project Code: A0097.1 Date: 24/10/2016 Client: Wholebake Ltd Wrien by: Richard Cooke BA MA MCIfA [email protected] Figures Figure 01: Locaon of proposed development site at Ty’n y Llidiart, Corwen, Denbighshire. Scale 1:20,000 at A4. Figure 02: Locaon of proposed development site at Ty’n y Llidiart, Corwen, Denbighshire. Scale 1:5,000 at A4. Figure 03: Locaon of non-designated monument points from the Clwyd-Powys Historic Environment Record and projected lines of Roman Roads. Scale 1:10,000 at A4. Figure 04: Locaon of non-designated monument points from the Naonal Monument Record. Scale 1:10,000 at A4. Figure 05: Locaon of Listed Buildings. Scale 1:10,000 at A4. Figure 06: Locaon of past archaeological events. Scale 1:10,000 at A4. Figure 07: Locaon of Scheduled Ancient Monuments. Scale 1:10,000 at A4. Figure 08: Locaon of the assessment area on the Corwen the map of 1840. Figure 09: Locaon of the assessment area on the first edion County Series 6” Ordnance Survey map of 1879. Figure 10: Locaon of the assessment area on the second edion County Series 6” Ordnance Survey map of 1891. Figure 11: Locaon of the assessment area on the fourth edion County Series 6” Ordnance Survey map of 1901. Figure 12: Locaon of archaeological sites within the proposed development area. Scale 1:2,500 at A4. Figure 13: Locaon and orientaon of photographs. Scale 1:2,500 at A4. Plates Plate01: View across the assessment area, from the southeast. Plate 02: View across the assessment area showing gravel ridge, from the northeast. Plate 03: View across the assessment area, from the northwest. Plate 04: Hedgerow field boundary feature 1, from the west. Scale 1.0m. Plate 05: Hedgerow field boundary feature 4, from the south. Scale 1.0m. Plate 06: Hedgerow field boundary feature 5, from the southeast. Scale 1.0m. Plate 07: Earthwork enclosure feature 6, from the south. Plate 08: View from assessment area towards Caer Drewen Camp Scheduled Ancient Monument (ME012) feature 9, from the west. Plate 09: View from Caer Drewen Camp Scheduled Ancient Monument (ME012) feature 9 towards proposed development site, from the east. Plate 10: View from the B5437 across the proposed development site to Caer Drewen Camp Scheduled Ancient Monument (ME012) feature 9, from the southwest. 1.0 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY ........................................................................................ 1 2.0 INTRODUCTION, AIMS AND PROJECT DESIGN ......................................................... 2 3.0 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES ....................................................................................... 3 3.1 Archival research .............................................................................................................. 3 3.2 Site walkover .................................................................................................................... 3 3.3 Assessment report ............................................................................................................. 3 3.4 Project archive .................................................................................................................. 4 4.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL BACKGROUND ................................ 5 4.1 Topographic Description .................................................................................................. 5 4.2 Statutory and non-statutory designations .......................................................................... 5 4.2.1 Non-designated monument points from the Clwyd-Powys Historic Environment Record (figure 3) ................................................................................................................. 5 4.2.2 National Monuments Record (figure 4) ..................................................................... 6 4.2.3 Listed Buildings (figure 5) ......................................................................................... 6 4.2.4 Events (figure 6) ......................................................................................................... 6 4.2.5 Scheduled Ancient Monuments (figure 7) ................................................................. 6 4.2.6 Historic Landscape Character Areas (HLCAs) .......................................................... 7 4.2.7 Historic Parks and Gardens ........................................................................................ 7 4.2.8 Conservation Areas .................................................................................................... 7 4.2.9 Aerial Photographs ..................................................................................................... 7 5.0 THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT .......................................................................................... 8 5.1 Prehistoric and Roman Period .......................................................................................... 8 5.2 Early Medieval, Medieval and Post-Medieval Periods ..................................................... 9 6.0 ASSESSMENT OF HISTORICAL ASSETS .................................................................... 12 6.1 Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 12 7.0 SITE GAZETTEER ............................................................................................................ 15 8.0 IMPACT AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................................... 27 8.1 Direct physical impact .................................................................................................... 27 8.2 Indirect physical and non-physical (visual) impact ........................................................ 27 8.3 Site Specific Recommendations ..................................................................................... 27 8.4 General recommendations .............................................................................................. 28 9.0 SOURCES .......................................................................................................................... 29 APPENDIX 1: SCHEDULED AND NON-SCHEDULED SITES WITHIN 1.0KM .............. 30 APPENDIX 2: DEFINITIONS OF FURTHER ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATORY MEASURES ............................................................................................................................. 38 1.0 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY Aeon Archaeology was commissioned by Wholebake Ltd to carry out an archaeological assessment and field visit of a proposed development to include the construction of a (relocated) food manufacturing plant with ancillary staff gym in advance of planning application. The proposed development site is to be located on land to the immediate north of the B5437, approximately 970.0m north of the village of Corwen, in the county of Denbighshire, North Wales. The assessment has established that the proposed development will directly physically impact upon six sites of archaeological importance, although three of these sites are of local or negligible importance and no further assessment or mitigatory measures are made. The remaining three sites include the former grade II Listed Building of Llidiart-afallen; cropmarks identified by the RCAHMW which may represent a prehistoric defended enclosure; and earthwork enclosure of unknown age. These three sites are believed to be of local/regional; regional to national; and unknown importance respectively, and as such recommendations have been made for a watching brief to record any surviving remains of Llidiart-afallen and geophysical survey potentially followed by a phase of archaeological trenching to evaluate the two enclosures. The proposed development is also expected to have a visual impact upon the Scheduled Ancient Monument of Caer Drewen Camp (ME012) and recommendations for further assessment to include photographic or wireframe montage have been made so that this impact can be fully established. It has also been recommended that Cadw be consulted on the proposed development. 1 1.0 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY | Aeon Archaeology 2.0 INTRODUCTION, AIMS AND PROJECT DESIGN Aeon Archaeology was commissioned by Wholebake Ltd to carry out an archaeological assessment and field visit of a proposed development to include the construction of a (relocated) food manufacturing plant with ancillary staff gym in advance of planning application. The proposed development site is to be located on land to the immediate north of the B5437, approximately 970.0m north of the village of Corwen, in the county of Denbighshire, North Wales (centred on NGR SJ 07840 44418) (figures 1 and 2). A mitigation brief was not prepared for this scheme by the Denbighshire Development Control Archaeologist as the Client has commissioned the assessment report in advance of planning application and as part of a scoping study for the development of the site. This archaeological assessment is for the proposed development area, which includes two large grazing fields enclosed by hedgerows, and bordered by the disused Denbigh, Ruthin and Corwen Railway section in the north; an unnamed minor road in the east; the B5437 in the south; and the
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