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Northern Pennsylvania. The old-timer M count?: Pa'dirt 'Bi„°wte °West BradOra was made by Jones A Hitchcock, Troy isasifisass ?\Y’, “ 1854’ and weighs, without fixtures, between twelve hundred and thirteen hundred pounds. 3 I ;ss??S»p‘S rM'“ ^ connection with the removal of ' asaagsaai**? H3 ssss ■ less family madl thefr wivT^wm°th-er and her !i 3 ' this old landmark, it may not be amiss ;.. the Forty-fort at the' timeof“d were in o state that the church bell which first afe massacre. Thence she fled !, 3 /.a"’* 1 * -b”V,](: aEd lL returned to her father’s in vj,V*xr"'? and ,n October U »■* her hu,band *° 3d ha nr]6 th®8llenCe °f the UPP« Susque¬ and believing- his familv to i. Lllere 8. ‘-v\ days before hanna, valley, was the one used in the | sacre, died ot^ brolSeart lfS^ f the war, in 17RB or 1787 Mrs v33j c!
8 the son Amos, the subject n'twfv^Arnold, and ;; Jnd conveyed through an un¬ I October 7th. 1798. While Jiv?n^nV-33 was bora settled region on horseback and by he removed to Wvsox xrhM? v-s fat’?e's fam'ly ji home until th«fday^fh’rideS?h *?ed uto be hi* [canoe the entire distance. I u“ited with the church at ’ i ’ ,he ' 'SSSPpS, ■J though ve?? soon it hortCfKg3atr0n,R,ist al- I i I i ares /*? c v°*ii 4 I Sha^S"Sf,*;a™E'*a "j Date, 5 8 I: MontroseBK SSS&PU« Presbytery of t £« iE£ai!s * ®with a the I: ! York remained wUh tife Old^cLofr1 b“' Mr- an earnest defender of the polity of \ Vs Probably the first ahfcrchttrcht bell heardhe* i sa&'y&tstai^r^s » on fh°/ nf11 Pennsy%ia was the one ! ESSySK ■??*»"«“s „ on the little Moravian mission chaDel continued in the e)dm?bi3Sm,mf>IK Mr' ' 01 k wat' erected at Wyalusing 130 years airo j the weight of yearshe did’nt/?! Sh 00 ac™unt of § I session. This brief sketch l ?1T5ys meet' with the It was taken down the river when the b:caPi^^«iSlS:^: mission was closed in 1772. This his- |SSf-Iled by the action : I f the Presby towns of Wyalusing in I p!e< yaunfeJ^PdmPHelovefti (transferring the bell from the gold with an ardent love and hfmo 6 33 of hi» choice t of friends. Tanul^ 7th I8n 3e<1 by aIaree circle & ' of John Hinman Wbol8i3 *'i1t"V'lrne,i ? daJ*ahter ■ lmoni’th?ereithad hu^ «l«* and daughters. One son and one son-in moned the good people to worship for now m the Wysox church. 1 are eide™ J ie than forty years, to their new lai-threeted in the Centre of fcb® vil- b the town having left the old From ; irk to one side in the outskirts. This bell was purchased in the early <50’s before the Lehigh Valley road was constructed through that county, au _A* many whose labors in behalf of the iso of his country. Upon the church still follow them and keep ietermination to form a Bradford their memory green with those upon county regiment, he gave valuable whom their mantles have fallen. May assistance in recruiting, and upon its welcome notes long be heard and the organization of Co. I), of the heeded by the people of the beautiful 141st, he was chosen its First Lieu¬ and historic town of Wyalusing.— tenant. He shared the fate of the regiment in its-hard fought battles until the summer of when i being taken sick with typhoid fever he went to the hospital, remaining until some time after the battle of Gettysburg. After having recov¬ ered he rejoined his regiment and on Dec. 23, ’63, was promoted to the command of Co. D. On the morning of the 6th of May, 1864, while gallantly leading! his company at the Wilderness in sued youths of humble origin who, a charge against the 13th North' by their virtues and attainments Carolina troops, he received a sc-l have adorned society and honored, verc wound in the left leg near the their country. knee, which again compelled him A modest, unostentatious gentle-j to go to the hospital-. The wound men who of late has frequented our having healed so slowly and hisj streets, was a graduato-or -quo -oil health having been greatly impair¬ those “colleges for the people” and ed, he was in consequence reluc-l his boyhood and early youth were1 tantly discharged on surgeon 's or- spent in the obscure labors of a der Aug. 6, 1864. farm in Bradford county. Having been married in Novem¬ Our subject, the lion. Tlios. By ber, 1863, to Miss Sarah, the sec¬ an, was born at Oxford, N. Y. ond daughter of E. B. Coolbaugli, Nov. 27, 1837. In infancy lm was| of Wysox, lie returned to Towanda brought by his parents to Bradford and resumed the practice of hi* county, his father settling upon a profession. farm in Franklin township. Here Mr. ltyan having concluded to Thomas spent his‘boyhood days. try his fortunes in the new West, At about the ago of 17 years hej went thither in 1865, locating in came to Towanda and entered the Topeka, Kan., then a mere hamlet, store of Tracy & Moore as a clerk, without a railroad. He had not in which capacity he served about! been long settled in his new home two years. Being desirous of a when he was made county attor¬ ^ more thorough education he went ney, a capacity in which lie served} ' to "Williamsport and took an aca-| for eight successive years. From demic course, after which he rc-f 1873 to 1878 he was Assistant IJ. turned to Towanda and began read¬ S. Attorney for Kansas. He was ing law with John C. Adams. Al-I elected to congress from the Fourth though unaided in his pursuits of] Kansas district in 1878, and re-]- learning by industry, he acquir¬ elected in ’80, ’82, ’84, ’86 and ed a sufficient knowledge of the 1888. Upon the election of Benj. law and was admitted to practice] Harrison to the presidency, he re-j in the several courts of Bradford} signed his seat in congress to ac-0 county, Sept. 2, 1861. In appre¬ cept the appointment of Minister ciation of his abilities his preceptor! to Mexico in March, 1889. at once took him into partnership. This, one of the most important He continued the practice of his missions, he filled with credit and chosen profession until August, ability for four years, tendering his 1862, when.lie laid down his briefs resignation March 5, 1893, and be¬ and buckled on the sword to go in) ing succeeded by cx-Gov. Isaac P. Gray,an aspirant to the presidency.; • • • J 535-' 3 V'- " HON. THOMAS RYAN, A BRAVE BRADFORD COUNTY SOLDIER, WHO nAS ATTAINED NATIONAL FAME IN TIIE POLITICAL) ARENA SINCE THE WAR. Since returning from Mexico Mr." iRyan lias resumed the practice of (law, having an office in both ’Wash¬ i From, ington and Topeka. . Having been in public life for (almost thirty years lie lias a very {broad and intimate acquaintance with public men. Date, Desiring rest and recreation, and still having a. fondness for his old THE SPENCER FAMILY. surroundings, he has a summer- villa at East Towanda, where lie Historical Sketch and Report of Their An¬ and Mrs. Ryan spend the long- nual Reunion. warm days in enjoyment and qui¬ The fourth annual reunion of the etude. It is, however, always a Spencer family was held in the orchard, pleasure for the ex-Minister to on the old homestead farm in Union, meet his old friends and comrades, on August 29, 1894. The weather was who in turn are proud of the once faultless, and at an early hour mem¬ r farmer’s boy, who has made bers of the family connection begau to arrive in wagon loads, and before noon upwards of 250 had assembled on the Mi oil the grounds to participate ia the I would join in your joy, let me have a friend’s part festive occasion, I'riends were there In the wf rmth of your welcome of hand and of herrt, from Springfield, Syl vania, Troy, Alba, And at ti e feet of the Spencer’s be permitted to Canton, Le.Roy, Covington, Qrovert lay On your festival's altar, my poor gift to-day. and Union. The time before dinner Long life to the name, giving out year by year was occupied in exchanging greetings, Recruits to true manhood and womanhood dear; Brave b^ys, modest maidens, in beauty sent forth, ienewing acquaintances, and having a Their sms and their daughters, in proof of its s >cial and happy time generally. Some worth excellent music was furnished by To Him he the glory forever. We bear To the Lord of the Harvest, the wheat with the Laudon’s band. When dinner time tare; What we lack in our work, may He find in our was proclaimed we found long tales set will. in the shade beneath the spreading &nd winnow in mercy the good from the ill. branches of the old apple tree. They Next came thesecretary’s report, con¬ were loaded elaborately with all varie¬ taining a Historical sketch of the family, ties of delicacies and fruits the season *bich was listened to with inteiesi, .‘fforded as well as more substantial and is published by request: food. The tables looked very beauti¬ Looking backward nearly a century,! ful and inviting, arranged uuder the we will try and learu sometliiug, if we supervision of the ladies of tbo commit¬ can, of the ancestry of the Spencer tee. In the afternoon the president of family. As there are no records to be the society, G. VV. Wetberbee, called found what information we can glean the company together around the plat¬ is wholly from tradition. The first form erected for the purpose, to listen Spencer we have any knowledge of. I to the exercises of the uay. They weie was Ichabod Spencer, who emigrated! opened by a song by the choir, followed from England to America and settled with prayer by Rev. Phoenix. Presi¬ in Lynn, New London Co., Conn ' dent Wetberbee made some very ap¬ What year is not definitely khown propriate remarks after which he read His family consisted of six children [ the 103d Psalm Aoo thersoug, followed four sons and two daughters, named' by the reading of the following anni¬ respectively: Ichabod, Olivar, Charles versary poem, by the secretary, adapted Jewett, Polly and Lucy. He served for the occasion. in the war of the Revolution as Lieu- From the well-springs of rivers, from the hill VSnant We are informed while mak-, side of Penn, Grave men, sober matrons, you gather again, iug preparations to enter the service, And with hearts warmer grown, as your heads it devolved upon his wife the arduous grown more gray, With a welcome to all, you have gathered to-day. task of spinning, weaving the cloth But the first greetings over, you glance around . and manufacturing him a suit of home- the hall, Your hearts call the roll, but they answer not all; spun clothing, in an incredibly short Through the turf green above them, the dead time. It also f 11 to the lot of the little cannot hear, Name by name in the silence falls sad as a tear. daughter Polly, then a little miss of rn love let us trust they were summoned away, bout 10 years, to knit his stockings; from the morning of life, while we toil through the day. >oi stockings as are worn by the gentle They were frail like ourselves, had needs like man of these modern times, but stock¬ our own, And they rest, as we rest, in God’s mercy alone ings with the legs about 30 inches in We are older; our footsteps so light in the play length, to be woru with knee trousers,' Of the far-away school time, move slower to-day. Here’s a beard touched with frost; there a bald the fire vailing custom iu those Colon¬ shining crown; ial days. Although she had only two' And beneath the cap’s border gray mingles with brown. days iu which to knit them, persistent¬ But faith should De cheerful, and our trust make ly she went to work with a will, deter¬ us glad, mined to accomplish her object, andj And our follies and sins, not our years, make us sad; did accomplish it at the specified time.l And we, of all others, have reason to pay A tribute of thanks on this bright August day. Polly Spencer subsequently married! On this green favored land in the years passed Stephen Sellard and moved to Peun I away jylvauia and became mother to the stood our fathers of old, where we stand to-dav. And that bold-hearted yeoman, honest and true. older members of the Sellard family in In this fair land of Penn gave to labor its due. this regiou. The Pennsylvania branch There are moments in life when the lip and the eye •f the Spencer family owe their patern¬ Try the question whether to laugh Or to cry. ity to Jewett Spencer, Sr., who was And the scenes and reunions that prompt like our own, born Aug. 0, 17S1. He married Misb The tender in feeling, the p layful in tone. Sally Huutly. They removed from ,Connecticut to Pennsylvania abo' j86 years, 4 months, 21 days, and was Ncv. 21’, 1822. Stephen Seflard moved buried in the family burial lot near his . them all the way with horses and lum¬ old home. His wife, Sally Spencer, ber wagon to the then “western wilder¬ died April 17, 1880, aged 94 years, 11 ness ” His family consisted of seven months, 21 days. Prior to his removal (children, namely: Lynder, Amanda, to Pennsylvania he served in the war Laura, Jewett, Jr, Hubbard, Judith of 1812. He also had 12 grandsons and Sarah. Roxy and Maria were j who served in the war of the Rebellion born In Pennsylvania. He settled in and participated in some of the hottest Union township, which then compris¬ and most decisive battles of the war, ed the townships of Sullivan and Ward among which were Gettysburg, Antei- It was then an almost unbroken forest, tam, Winchester, Wilderness, etc. One abounding In screaming panthers, iof the boys, I think, deserve;! especial howling wolyes and other wild beasts mention. James Spencer, after having and there were also all kinds of game, been shot through his body, which while the streams swarmed with difler- proved well-nigh fatal, when recover¬ lent varieties of fish It required stout ed sufficiently,again entered the ranks, hearts and strong arms to surmount1 when he was again seriously wounded the obstacles and convert such heavily in the thigh and captured by the ene¬ timbered laud into tillable farms A my in the battle of the Wilderness; ne spot was cleared and a house erected was left on the battle field under a on the same place where the present “shelter tent” with but little food, house now stands. Among the first water or attendance, for twenty-four things he did after he began to improve days, alter which he was taken to those ■was to set out an apple orchard; the terrible rebel prisons and confined ■ same orchard where we now assemble there months, months of the time Union township was not very dense¬ 7 5 was spent in that horrible prison, An* ly popnlated at that time. It contained dersouville. The other boys that wore I only seven families, among whom the blue were Nathan Spencer, Lynder j were’the McNetts, Ruttys, Newells [Spencer, jr., William Spencer, Web¬ and Lopers. The Lopers owned and jrun a grist mill at Roaring Branch. ster, Henry Spencer, John Spencer, Perry Kilborn, Delos Kilborn, George The first voting place in this locality Spencer, William Allen, Henry Chat- was at McNett; there were eighteen votes polled. The first school house field. Of Jewett Spencer’s children only four are now living Jewett Jr., was erected near Horace Spalding’s Sarah, Roxy and Maria. Amanda It was built of logs and had windows married Minor Porter, and died in made of greased paper. The benches May, Laura married David iwere constructed of slabs. The first 1842. Chatfield and died April 17, 1844. ischool teacher was Alvin Thomas. If Judith married Cbas. Allen and died was customary in those days on Chris * December Cbas. Allen died mas or New Years, if they could in¬ 18, 1888. Novembers, Hubbard Spencer duce the teacher outdoor, to fasten him 1883. married Miss Eliza Kilborn and died out until he would treat. He iuyaria September 30, 1888. Eliza Spencer bly managed to procure some apples, which were a treat in those days. died March 28, 1883. Lynder Spencer married Miss Betsy Stuart, who died Jewett Spencer, Sr., lived to see the March he subsequently mar homestead which he had literally con¬ 30, 1882, verted from an almost unbroken wilder¬ ried Mrs. Grace Young. Lynder ness to a fruitful farm, the habitation Spencer died January 30, 1892. Har¬ of plenty. He aiso lived to see the riet, wife of Jewett Spencer, Jr., died April he afterward married township of Union cleared of its forests 16 1802; Mrs Jane Booth. Roxy Spencer mar converted into beautiful homes ard tied Hemaa Kilborn, who died April cultivated fields, while flocks and 4, 1874. Sarah Spencer married Harri herds can lie seen on every hill. son Johnson, and Maria Spencer mar¬ Churches, schools, mills and factories ried Samuel Morgan. Of the lineal de¬ sprang up in profusion with the march scendants of Jewett and Sally Spencer/ of progress, while time moved on. He lived on his farm forty-eight years, sur¬ now living, are 4 children, 44 gran/ rounded by his children and grand¬ children, 127 great grand children children and died Dec. 27, 1870, aged The first reunion of the Spencer family ¥ was held August 29,1891. An address tle history of some of the early settlers. \va9de)iversd by Rev.Manus.ot Grover; Perhaps it will be interesting to some many friends were present from a dis¬ of the young settlers of Towanda to tance. know a little of its ancient history. The second reunion was held August On the 22d day of August, 1800, Ben¬ ii9, 1892. Addresses were delivered bv jamin Borrance of Kingston, Pa., and Rev. J. L Phoenix, of Troy, aud Rev. John Shepard of Athens, became part¬ A. R. Miller, of Canton. At this meet¬ ners in a purciia.se of land of the Sus¬ ing the following officers were elected quehanna company. This tract south for the term ot three years: President,! of Ulster was surveyed by John Jen¬ G. W. Wetherbee; Vice-President, L. kins for the Susquehanna company M. Spencer: Secretary, Sylvester I). and called the Township of Claverack. Forest; Treasurer, John Spencer. Aj It was situated on both sides of the Sus¬ committee was also appointed on ar¬ quehanna and embraced what is now rangements. called Wvsoxand Towanda, This prop¬ The third annual reunion was held erty was called Mr. Shepard’s “mam¬ August 30, 1893 (owing to rain on the moth farm,” the whole number of acres 29th.) An interesting address was de¬ being 13,00G. Eight hundred twenty- livered by Rev. R. F. Delmont, of Min- six acres were released to owners under nequa. Mrs. EvaD. Kilborn was elect¬ Pennsylvania titles, leaving 12, ISO ed secretary to fill the vacancy occa¬ acres. sioned by the death of S. I). Forest. The late Col. J. M. Piollet acted as About 175 were present. attorney for Dorrauce many years. Since the first reunion of the Spencer Shepard & Piollet were quite often en¬ family was held there have been seven gaged in business together relating to deaths, Lynder Spencer died January this land; this was brought to a close 30, 1892. Elmer Bastion died October in 1830. 16, 1892. S. D. Forest died November The early settlers of Wysox were 15, 1892. Mrs. Flora Manley died July Coolbaugli, York, Morgan, Price and 26,1892. Lizzie Bumbridge died Octo¬ Pierce, and the mills of Myers gave ber 30, 1892. Mrs. Abbie Spencer died employment to many. Hollenback’s June 9, 1893. Edwin Porter died June store near Breakneck road, in a log , 26, 1894. building, was the only store. After reading the foregoing tbe speaker of the day was introduced, Rev. Meansville, or Towanda, was a siugle street for some years; a public house, a J. L. Phoenix, of Troy. We had the ; pleasure of listening to a very iuterest- store, and Mrs. Gregory’s school were Iingand instructive address delivered j about the only noted places. Mrs. in his always pleasing manner. An Gregory’s school was quite an attrac- I tion. appropriate hymn was sung, which closed the exercise. Adjourned to Mr. Gregory purchased two lots, Nos. P meet again at the same place, August 57 and 58, containing 177 acres in north 29, 1895. part of Towanda, but could not get a Mrs. Eva D. Kilborn, Secretary, i patent from the State; he theu sold his improvements. The lots were assigned to Shepard and sold in 1818 for 60c. an acre. There was a division between TPrtrrv), O the parties in 1820. Some of the early settlers were As Means, Fox, Tracy, Hale, Patton and Bingham. The Bradford county seat was established in 1812, and the Bar¬ Date, ./ f. clay coal mines helped Towanda to a rapid growth. Some of the early set¬ tlers say Towanda in the Indian lan¬ ANCIENT HSSTORY. guage means a town From our Mac Correspondent. I have in my possession some of the P early history of Towanda, Waverly, Athens and other places and also a lit¬ ^ W W W I I reaching Wysox—ttTcu Wesawking— the army cut a road for itself across from that point to where Sheshequin From, 2 £ /vr ce now stands, going over the hills behind table rock. There was 120 boats laden j with the stores and cannon and a de¬ tachment of the army followed the west bank of the river to help protect them. Many diaries were kept among the T)ata/^ ^ officers and men. The following ac¬ count of the march through the virgin forest is taken from the diary Major James Norris, commencing upon leaving Wyoming the first week in August, 1779. Spelling and punctuation is copie,d literally : “5 [August] Our next place of En¬ campment is Wyalusing, distant ten General Sullivan's Famous Expedition [ miles the Ground rocky and mountain¬ ous, particularly one tremendous ridge Up the Susquehanna, over which our right Flank was Obliged to pass, that seemed to over look the MARCHED. THRO BRADFORD, World & threaten Annihilation to our prostrate Troops—After leaving this place the Scene Opened into a fine, clear, The Diary of a Major Tells of the March extensive piece of Woodland; here the Through This Section, Then Genl. apprehending an attack, the, a Virgin Wilderness, Signal was beaten for the Army to From Wyoming. Close Column this order of March was observed till we left this forest and To the ordinary reader of the history gained the Summit of a very lofty of colonial times, and to the younger Mountain; when another Signal was generation of the present who read and given for marching in files—From the [talk of the deeds of the heroic pioneers, Top of this height we had a grand , scarcely ever occurs the thought of | prospective view of our little Fleet ■' really how intimately with some of I coming up the river about three Miles j these events at least the people of distance—The green hills as far as the j I Bradford county are connected. eye could reach rising like the seats of ' The bare mention of the famous an Amphitheatre and the distance of j Wyoming massacre brings a thrill of the prospect gave the River and the j horror, and the recital of the cruel boats the beautiful Resemblance of atrocities perpetrated by the savage Miniature painting—After marching I queen Esther and her more inhuman abt. 2 Miles we descended into the low I white and half breed allies on the grounds of Wyalusing where every one — memorable first days of July 1778, yet was amazed at the luxuriant growth of - causes the blood to boil. This crowning Timber, chiefly Sycamore—few of the act of infamy rendered impossible all trees being less than G ft in Diameter; j attempts at peaceful arbitration and and to close this days march the more j General Washington immediately took agreeably after passing half a mile of steps to punish them. The result piny barren, the plains of Wyalusing was Gen. John Sullivan’s expedition up opened to our sight covered with eng- the Susquehanna, his victories at Tioga lisli grass, the greatest and richest Car I Point and in the vicinity of Elmira, the pet that Nature ever Spread—There) J chief interest of the expedition as local was once an Indian Town at this! history being the fact that the army place consisting of about 80 Houses, or 1 ! passed through Bradford county, hutts built in two parallel right lines x j Washington’s instructions to the com¬ forming a Street of 60 or 70 feet wide; mander bear date of May 31, 1779. with a Church or Chapel in the Center, The army left Easton on June 18 of the place of the town is to be seen in that year and consisted of the New the old Ruins that remain on the Jersey and New Hampshire brigades Ground—The natives it seems had and Proctor’s regiment af artillery, ar¬ actually embraced the Christian Reli¬ riving on the battle ground of Wyoming gion which was taught them by a j on the 23d. Then the route taken fol¬ Moravian Missionary from Bethlehem lowed closely the river, except that on | for that purpose in the year 1770, the Proviso.” vania Politics. CAREER.) GREAT Special Despatch to “The Press.” Party—A Power in Pennsyl¬ “Wilmot Author of the Aided in Founding the Eepublican David Wilmot was born in Bethany, our These famous words, known in Towanda, Pa., Oct. 4.—“Neither slavery On his admission to the bar he removed For thirty-six. years he was a domi¬ He was a natural politician and he took Wayne County^ January 20, 1814. There he spent his boyhood days and received him the study of law. It is related of Pro¬ country’s history as the “Wilmot in his day of any man in Northern Penn¬ sylvania. mot removed to Wilkes-Barre and began con¬ tion time came around none of h4s temporaries in the study of Blackstone surpassed him for legal knowledge and to Towanda and soon became a con¬ whom, it is said, he was always honest. slab, viso,” engraved on a plain white with¬ mark the resting place of one, who out doubt achieved the widest reputation Wil- his education. When 18 years of age and as a student that he was indolent averse to study, but that when examina¬ spicuous figure in politics, gaining a In nor involuntary servitude snail exist for any part of Said territory, except the manner and force of expressing that knowledge. great influence over the people, with mind, was a deep thinker and with his quickness of comprehension and ability to read faces, achieved a remarkable nating force in Northern Pennsylvania, He had a fine voice, an eloquent tongue and brought juries to his way of think¬ Free Trader, He Later In Early Years a success. ing where others more thoroughly versed possessed of a remarkably analytical WILMOT’S DAV)D GROWTH CHECKED SLAVERY’S practically controlling the politics of Bradford County, and continuously in re¬ of his district and the Commonwealth. in the law made no impression. He was of the Famous The Life Story ceipt of the highest gifts in the power opposition to General McKean and his followers. Soon he became recognized as a leader and in 1844 was elected as a Free Trade Democrat to Congress, and the Democratic side of the question in be , crime, whereof the party shall first j duly convicted,.” rested here this evening. ’ ’ “9. Marched at 6 this morning and 7 o’clock, “8th. Sundaygmorning, I having purchased Company Jonnecticut 150 Acres, lying on the Susquehanna, the Indians on this River, the lands and left this j Westward Retired farther War—not¬ of the the Commencement Enemy since1 have joined the cans who a few Ameri-; possession of place in the days encamped— the Town stood and a point on which at this place ] burnt—the Susquehanna and the Town ( over run by the Savages has been the Settlement withstanding wild covered with a vast burthen of of shukonuck Bottom, a large meadow She- much fatigued, this brings us to ment—Then pursued our route without and one-half miles from last encamp¬ halted to breath near a cold stream this Genl. Hood’s light Troops, lived at com¬ Bottom—Capt. Spalding who Standing Stone This place is called been a settlement, & where there has ground by the River, on a low piece of Tioga, and Encamped moved on towards Army lay Two where Genl. Sullivans Angle, and forms makes nearly a right men farther, the Weather hot and the three called Wesawking [Wysox], about place—distance ten miles. in mands the Independent Company in the year 1775. four families dwelt miles rest or refreshment twelve Cm .O' U who talked against time and prevented was the only member from Pennsylvania its passage. While it is true that this who voted for the repeal of the tariff made Judge Wilmot immortal in the of 1842. In common with the Democratic political estimation of the time, yet in party he favored the annexation of respect to the memory of the great Revo-, Tcxfts lutionary fathers It should be kept in: THE WILMOT PROVISO. mind that this ‘‘proviso" is copied ver¬ On the 4th of August, 1846, President batim from Jefferson in Virginia’s ces¬ Polk sent to the Senate a confidential sion of the Northwest Territory to the message, asking an appropriation to union of States. negotiate a peace with Mexico, A bill This measure, though lost in Congress was introduced in the House appropri¬ created a gTeat sensation throughout ating $2,000,000 for the purpose specified. the entire country, and it is alleged that It had now become so apparent the it was the one thing which split the movement was intended to strengthen Democratic party upon the slavery ques¬ the pro-slavery influence in the General tion. Many of the Democrats of the dis¬ Government that, p.t Mr. Wilmot’s sug¬ trict—Bradford, Susquehanna and Sulli¬ gestion, a consultation was held by a few van Counties—made a bold assault upon of the Noi'thern Representatives who Mr. Wilmot for this and tried to prevent were opposed to the extension of slavery, his return to Congress. the result of which was the offering by Mr. Wilmot of the celebrated proviso THE FREE SOIB ISSUE. which has been so generally known as In 1846, however, he was re-elected on I the "Wilmot Proviso,” which provided the tariff issue over Judge White, a that in any territory acquired from Mexi¬ high tariff Democrat, and again in 1848, co "neither slavery nor involuntary servi¬ mainly on the strength of his proviso! tude shall ever exist in any part of said While elected as a Democrat he was a territory, except for crime,” etc. "Free Soiler," and supported Van Buren This proviso was adopted in committee for the Presidency in 1848. In 1850 he again secured the nomination to Congress DAVID as a Free Soil Democrat, which resulted i and the two million bill containing it in a split of the party in the district over was sent to the Senate, where is was the slavery question. The pro-slavery ! killed by John Davis, of Massachusetts, 10 Democrats wilmot'^suggestion, j ~Tiidge~3l the Court of Claims, nomination a-t Mn m > Galusha A. Silf -fnoht'Sanei|iitionist both candidates V Grow“ was ’ as is generally undM-stood^ ^ Gal._ Grow, Great m J ige and elected, selected as a compro presiding Judge! for h| f.»fM -ytK In 1851 he w;as electeeth him more pop^ authority that he never enced it. nf strong convictions is stated on goo successful ml amf outspoken in the ^re^?ly^oved once really Speech made short- Snl?snWenKnTW^4lv hated by ^Iner his nomination, at his home in| naturaily -ade^him irbut the canvass vMbetoeiuevnBrople many e!!= made \>ycertain members tempt was Vir-idford County to have °L district—the Thirteenth—legislated out ^rfvfstonceof existence. HisJais defensejj ofq£ thefavormsm charges *""w- ^ade at this«m poUtiCal speeches fndhishownaComt HouSe-i9 a master- vania. “fathers” of the He was one of tne thg measures piece. Republican party. ‘ jn congress in A which he had Pr?p°se ‘ tal in bring- 1846 were 1 In Bradford Coun- ing it into existence 1 hav- tV ho made the^ Miles carter ing for his aides tne of whom are and many others, bu a delegate to living to-day- ^Vll^ational Convention, the Republi can lg56 and was . ^ held in ^®1PcoLmittee on Resolu- chairman of the famous preamble tions and drf,glaVery and polygamy as denouncing -.slf!®v,arism.” In the con- twin relics of barbarism candidate Date, . 1 ■WSSE-.s Coh„VSv1' : »r“°” n"ml“u°”' but was averse to l ■ delegate to the In I860 he was a£aip held that year i Republican hs' temporary chair- in Chicago, and was * , rlelef?ation ^ as i man The Pennsylvaniapd«!®f cameron, instructed to ™Vlot0heGsaw thab_SewardJ .hutwouTTSe Aflir. nomlnatea®§SifeaTedRiAless CameronwUh WU wasmot First Permanent White Settler in dropped The dele;Sa g to retire and at its head. aske,nslructions were talc- This Immediate Region. after consultation instruct o nearly ELIZABETH FOX. HEROINE. i^'XT&nof'•»« president. f the Governorship infill ^T^Sea^oiM^Oov- Rudolph Fox’s Indomitable Courage and Perseverance in Founding a Home j feZneTif ^inued To ^in^that 1 capacity until 1861. w hen n the at the Mouth of Towanda to the United Statvestpf resignation of Creek—Narrow Escapes. vacancy caused who had been selected General Cameron who naa Cabinet. af3 a member or tne _ tor.ai career. Looking ont from the swiftly moving 4!ti,,heti.r,Swgt trains of the Lehigh Valley railroad sssx “o'fl a“ upon the beautiful Towanda valley and teMr.t0Wihnro°tU was, a °lf the the delightful stretches of river and “Peace Conference of quot- richly flourishing farm lands between coming from one of tte irneung ^ caR_ Bradford’s county seat and WilkesBarre, little can the traveler comprehend the ; happen'tQ1 this country. 1 fear it is near state of affairs when the first white ! at hand.” .. term as Senator settler erected his rude cabin in the j he^vi^appofntel by President Lincoln woods at the mouth of Towanda creek 1 LJ&- and with his little family began the four of his children returned to their new life among the savage beasts and cabin on the Towanda creek. Here still more savage men. they found everything burned. A bark Rudolph Fox was the first permanent covered cabin was built and some sim¬ white settler in this section and he ple preparations made for the reception came in May, 1770, buying from the of the mother and the balance of the j Indians the land along the Towanda family. When the father was ready to creek from the Susquehanna river to return to Wilkes-Barre, Elizabeth, Monroeton. Later he secured further then 13 years of age, was the only one j confirmation of his tile from the colo- ■ who would consent to remain alone nial authorities, his grant being desig during the ten days thought necessary nated the “Fox Chase.’’ Today his to make the trip. A more heroic un¬ descendants occupy a portion of it. dertaking cannot be imagined. A But it is with his heroic daughter young girl—a mere child in fact—left Elizabeth this narrative has to deal, alone in the virgin forest on the spot at the time of this story but 13 years where their buildings had been burned, old, yet daring to face perils that brave exposed to attacks from wolves and men might well hesitate before accept- i bears and more than liable to be dis¬ ing. turbed by more savage men. The nearest civilized neighbors to the Arriving at Wilkes-Barre the mother Fox home were the Christian Indian was found to be too ill to be moved, towns at Wyalusing and Sheshequin. and a weary delay of more than a Life went well with the courageous month ensued. The store of provis¬ pioneers for a few years and cattle and ions left for Elizabeth began to run low. grain began to accumulate, but the red A family named Forsyth on their way savages gradually grew more and more down the river from Binghamton stop¬ troublesome and in March 1777, Rudolph ! ped and endeavored to have her go Fox, the father was captured and taken j with them. This the little heroine re¬ away to Niagara by the Indians. For fused to do, but accepted a small store nine long months his unprotected of provisions from them and stuck to family existed as best they might, her post. husbanding their store of provisions For six weeks she kept her post and with extremest care and oftentimes only when she had eaten the last of going hungry all day and eating at her foo,d did she start out on foot night in the cellar for fear that prowl¬ through the forest for Wilkes-Barre. ing Indians would take from them She had proceeded but a few miles what little food they had. when she met the family slowly as¬ Fox managed to escape and made his cending the river in a boat. The meet¬ way home in December. Danger from ing showed the stuff of which the pion¬ j the savages daily grew more threaten¬ eers were made: ing and it was finally determined to “Where are you going? called out make an attempt to reach the settle¬ the father. “To Wilkes-Barre to get ment on the lower river. Gathering something to eat,” replied his heroic his horses and cattle together, and daughter. She was taken into the boat 1 placing his family and a few gcods in a and the family reached their old home boat the little band started out. It was after an absence of five years. about the time of the battle at Wyom- Elizabeth Fox was born in Septern- I iug and the country swarmed with ber, 1770, and was undoubtedly the hostiles, yet they escaped and reached I first white child born in what is now Sunbury. At one point they met a Bradford county. She married Wil¬ band of warriors and abandoning the liam Means, the first settler in the lim¬ stock all took to the boat and hid behind its of Towanda borough, and reared a, a small island. The savages were very large family, dying Julv 21, 1851. Jr p Tj° „ , , • * ' close and to add to their peril the baby of the family, little Rudolph, began to scream. So imminent was their danger jthat several times the mother was on (the point of plunging her babe into the river as the only means of saving the entire party, but this heroic measure was happily not necessary. The Fox family remained in North¬ umberland until the close of the war and 1783 returned to Wilkes-Barre. ..7/lL. Leaving the mother there, Mr. Fox and film. A few warriors selected for HISTORIC WALKING STICK. tfie purpose approached the tent of Towunda Man's Prize Hade FronTCtm- the unsuspecting stranger by night to modore Perry’s Famous Skip. accomplish their designs. Peeping through an opening in the tent they A. A. Jarvis of this city, on receipt saw a huge rattlesnake crawling of the news of Commodore Dewey’s great victory ot Manila, brought out a 1 over his feet without doing him any historic and valuable walking stick, a apparent harm, while he was engag¬ Reminder of past achievements of the ed iu writing. Considering that he United States navy. It is an oak stick was protected by the Great Spirit made from a piece of Commodore Oliver they departed without offering him Hazzard Perry’s flagship, the Lawrence. the least molestation. To this cir¬ It was made by H. B. Jarvis of Ot¬ cumstance has been attributed the sego county, N. Y., an uncle of the success of the Moravian missionar¬ present owner, and was taken from the ies among the Indian tribes. ship in March 1836 Silver plates set Iu 1745 two Moravian missionar¬ into the wood give Perry’s famous1 ies named Spangeuburg and Zeis- motto, “Don’t give up the ship,” the' berger made a visit to the Indians a- date of the victory on Lake Erie, Sept. 10, 1813, and the maker’s name. long the Susquehanna river. They found near Wyalusing the remains of an old Indian village called Go- hon-to-to. They learned that the village had at one time been inhab¬ • From, ited by a tribe of Indians called Te- ho-tach-se, upon whom the Five Na¬ tion of Indians made war and whol¬ ly exterminated them, the greater part being slain, a few only being taken captive and adopted by some of the families of the Cayuga tribe of Indians. This battle was fought with bows aud arrows and is suppos¬ ed to have occured not later than EARLY MISSIONARIES. 1650, as in 1641 the Dutch at Fort Orange, on the Northern Frontier, Established a Church for the Indians at had supplied the Mohawks, one of Wyalusing in 1760. the tribes of the Five Nations with guns. •. On June 26, u._ar where Wyalu- Zeisberger returned to Philadel¬ siflh now stands, occurred the first phia in 1750 and induced Bishop Christian baptism to be performed in Cammergoff to accompany him on what is now Bradford county. The a returning expedition. They were I person baptised was Papunhank, a Monsey chief of some note. deeply interested in their church j work among the Indians. > A short distance below’ the village In 1752 Papunhank, a Monsey of Wyalusing near the Lehigh Val¬ Chief of some note, with a number ley tracks, stands a monument erect¬ ed to perpetuate the memory of the of families, came to Wyalusing from the head waters of Cayuga Lake men who first brought religious f and built a new town a little below teachings into this region and their converts. the site of Go-hon-to-to aud called it McChiwihilusing(or Wyalusing.) Count Zinzendorl, founder of the .Moravian church, came to America In May, 1760, Christian Freder- j ick Post, a Polish Prussian and mis- 7 *n I74I from Europe and established j sionary of the Moravian church ar¬ • the Moravian settlement at Bethle¬ rived at McChiwihilusing and es¬ hem. He is supposed to have been tablished a church among the In- the first white man to set foot in Wy¬ dians. In 1766 the village was re- 1 oming valley. Iu 1742 he came named and called Friedenhutten, with an interpreter and proposed to huts of peace. From 1766 to 1771, talk with the Indians. They look¬ 206 Indians had connected them-' ed upon him with great distrust selves with the mission. The landsp I aud it was proposed to assassinate ‘ ‘ —I —,. V;':' on which the village of Frieden- W hutten was located was sold by the “Iroquois” to the Christian Indians From, C'ZJZ-c. Ov in 1766, and in 1768 sold the same tract to the Proprietaries of Penn¬ sylvania. The latter sale was for a r*. -«-< time kept profoundly secret from the Indians at Wyalusing, who had no intimation of the fact until Dec. | Date, ' <3^/- SdgS 5, when it was told them by a trad er. Governor Penn had promised that his surveyors should not run I-'' -a ^ ^ lines nearer than five miles to the village, yet in the spring of the next 1 year proprietary warrants were laid in sight of the village. Afterwards the whites began to push their set¬ The Beginning of Bradford County’s tlements up the Susquehanna, and the missions became more exposed Authentic History. to the irregularities, immoralities, and illicit trade in ardent spirits, THE GARDEN OF ROSES. "! which could not be checked, and it was decided to abandon the village Iudian Names are Preserved la Many and remove with the Christian In¬ Places in This Section and the Story dians to the Allegheny river, which of the Aborigines is Full was done in 1772. of Interest. jyp,, To mark the spot of Friedenhut- .. y - ten and perpetuate the memory of the Christian Indian town a monu¬ It is a far cry from Bradford county ment, bearing fitting inscriptions, of today, with its large population, rail¬ was erected under the auspices of roads, factories, splendid farms and the Moravian Historical Society in busy life to the days when its only in¬ habitants were wandering bands of red 1871, which stands in an open field men whose little villages were scattered about one mile east of Wyalusing, up and down the banks of the Susque¬ at what is known as Sugar Run sid¬ hanna. It requires a stretch of the ing on the Lehigh Valley railroad. imagination almost beyond the power On the northern face of this mon¬ of this day’s generation, but it is a most ument is inscribed, “To mark the fascinating story: site of Friedenhutten, McChiwihi- It is to Rev. David Craft of Lawrence- lusing, a settlement of the Moravian ville, Pa., a former resident of the Indians, between 1765 and 1772 ” county, the credit for preserving this On the eastern face, “This stone local history is almost entirely due. was erected on the 15th dayot June, When the white man first knew any¬ in the year of Redemption, 1871, by thing of the country beyond the im¬ members of the Moravian Histori¬ mediate shore line the vast tract of wilderness between the Mississippi and cal Society.” the Atlantic and from the Carolinas to On the western and southern face Hudson’s bay, was divided between two “And my people shall dwell in a great families of tribes distinguished by peaceable habitation and in such a radical difference of language. These dwellings and in quiet resting were the Algonquins—original people— places. Remember the days of old, and the Aquanoschioni or united peple. consider the years of many genera¬ These latter were commonly known as tions. Ask thy Father and he will the Iroquois or Five Nations. show thee, thy Elders and they will As early as 1620 the Susquehanna tell thee.” valley was peopled and controlled by the Andastes, the tribe being also known by at least half a dozen other names. They were one of the most powerful of the Algonquin tribes and planted their villages thickly from Tioga Point to Virginia. At Sheshe- quin, Wysox, Wyalusing and Mehoop- any the names of their towns have been preserved. For almost three? fourths of a century they waged an un¬ From, ceasing war against the Iroquois by which the whole Susquehanna Valley was made a battle ground. In the spring of 1750 Cammerhoff and Zeisberger, the heroic missionaries of the Moravian church, passed up the Susquehanna from Wyoming to Tioga 1 Point enroute to Onondaga to a council. I When they reached Wyalusing a Cay¬ uga chief in their party said the ruins of the town which they discovered was called “Gohontoto,” and had been in¬ habited by a tribe which the Five Na¬ tions had wholly exterminated before the Indians had rifles. This could not March. have been later than 1650, says David ; Daily News. Craft, the historian of the county, and After the Declaration of Indepen¬ may be taken as the beginning of au¬ dence the Six Nations of Indians, thentic history within the boundaries located on the Northern Frontier re¬ of Bradford. This town was situated mained neutral until the following on the flats about a mile below the moth of Wyalusing’ ureek. year, when England, to her eternal This point seems to have been aban¬ disgrace, offered rewards to the doned as a habitation for nearly a merciless savages for the scalps of century. In 1752 Papunhank, a Mou¬ ! our aucesters, her own children, re- sey chief, came to Wyalusing and built j suiting in a border warfare which ✓ a new town a short distance below the i for butchery and bloodshed is al- old site. In 1760 this village was de¬ I most unparalleled in the annals of scribed as consisting of about 20 houses any other country. The battle and I full of people. Three years afterward massacre of Wyoming occurred July ! it had increased to about 40 houses and 3rd, 1778, one hundred and twenty was called McChiwihilusing or Wyaloo- years ago, and yet the barest recit¬ sing, but on the breaking out of the als are enough to chill one’s blood Pontiac war was abandoned. There was an Indian burying ground with horror. The Continental Con-1 near the Sugar Run ferry, a number of gress, after the Wyoming Massacre, bones and other relics having some determined upon vigorous measures years ago been uncovered by the river. to punish the Indians, who had been On the Wysaukin plain, called by Cam¬ practicing the most cunning decep¬ merhoff and Zeisberger the “Garden of tion on the frontier settlers, protest¬ ( Roses,’’ from the profusion of wild ing entire neutrality between the roses which grew there, a party of Shaw- Americans and the British. .nese stopped for a time, built houses Congress advised with General and planted corn but the date of their Washington and it was determined occupation is unknown. to send a strong force up the Sus¬ The most interesting section of the quehanna river, and thence along county in this respect is that between the lakes of Central New York into Towanda and Athens, Tioga Point— the Genesee Valley, the heart ot the the home of Queen Esther and the gate¬ way to the great Indian confederacy, powerful Iroquois nation, and lay the headquarters of which was at waste and kill to their utmost pow¬ Onondaga. er; kill the men and lay waste the Another time will do to talk of that. lodges and villages; sieze the ■y cattle and ponies and destroy their growing crops. In the Genesee Valley the Iroquois had advanced in the cultivation of the soil beyond anything known among any of the other Indians, and here the British could find abundant supplies for the invading armies on tEe-Northern near the summit of Wilkes-Barre ! Frontiers. To this end General ] mountain, close to the present resi¬ I Washington sent Col. Daniel Broad dence of General Paul Oliver, they | head, with seven hundred men, into were fired upon by Indians in am- ■ the western part of Pennsylvania to bush and six of the party were slain, destroy the “Seneca” town on the among whom were Captain Joseph waters of the Alleghany and ad¬ Davis of the 1 xth Pennsylvania reg¬ vance north and join the main army iment, and lieutenant William | on the northern frontiers. Jones of a Delaware regiment, both General James Clinton was order¬ members of the Masonic Order. ed to advance with one thousand The bodies of the slain were has- j men, from the Hudson river, in the tily buried where they fell and the j northern part of New York, to Tio¬ spot marked. On the same day I ga Point (Athens, Pa.,) General Major Powell and his command John Sullivan was ordered to ren-1 reached the Wyoming Valiev. Af¬ dezvous at Easton. | ter the arrival of General Sullivan The command of the army was with his main army, and while wait¬ first offered to General Horatio ing for fresh supplies in the Wyom¬ Gates, but owing to his advanced ing Valley, it was resolved on July age he declined the arduous under- 28th to remove the remains of Cap¬ I taking and the command fell to tain Davis and lieutenant Jones General Sullivan. Under date of from their graves on the mountain j March, 6, 1779, General Washing¬ and reinter them in the Wyoming ton sent instructions to General Valley in the public burying ground Gates, stating that if he should de¬ where now stands the Wilkes-Barre cline to accept the command he de¬ City Hall. June 24, 1867, their re¬ sired him to forward the instruc¬ mains were again disinterred j tions to General Sullivan^and that amid impressive ceremonies of the j uo time be lost. It must be borne Masonic and military orders they i in mind that those were among the were buried in Jlollenback Ceme¬ days when railroads and telegraphs tery, Wilkes Rarrp, overlooking the were unknown, and the only way of Susquehanna river, in a beautiful conveying instructions was by cour¬ plot which was purchased by the! iers along Indian trails and through Masonic Order, and on which a suit- i an unsettled country. To the state able monument has been erected to of New York we are greatly indebt their memory. ed for an interesting report on the June 18, 1778, General Sullivan' Sullivan Expedition, which was began his march from the Delaware- published in 1887, and which con¬ to the Susquehanna river, accom¬ tains diary notes of a number of of panied by the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Reg¬ fleers and soldiers who took part in iments of New Jersey troops, with the expedition, while the military 1 an independent Regiment from the stores for Sullivan’s Expedition same State known as Spencer’s Reg¬ were being collected at Easton, Pa. iment. This comprised the First in April and May, 1779. General Brigade under the command of Wil¬ Sullivan sent an advance detach liam Maxwell, Brigadier General. ment of two hundred men, under The second Brigade was command¬ Major Powell, to scour the country ed by Brigadier General, Enoch (between Easton and Wyoming Val Poor and consisted of the 1st, 2nd I ley and reinforce the garrison of the and 3rd New Hampshire Regiment old fort at the latter place. After and the 6th Massachusetts Regi¬ the Wyoming Massacre a small ment. The third Brigade was com¬ force of soldiers, under the command manded by Edward Hand, Briga- of Col. Zebulon Butler, were sta¬ .dier General, and consisted of the,, tioned in the valley. 'On the even¬ 4th and nth Regiments of Pennsyl¬ ing of the 22nd of April, Major vania troops, with the following in¬ Powell arrived at Bear Creek and dependent organizations; a German I deeming it safe from an attack by Batallion, Morgan’s Riflemen and a the Indians, encamped there for the regiment of Artillery. The roulie night. The next morning the line was up the Bushkill Creek from i of march was taken up and when j Easton, twelve miles to the foot of the Blue Ridjie, where they en¬ j up the Susquehanna river, Lieuten- r camped for the night at Heller s ! ant Col. Henry Dearborn. In his Tavern, near 'the- present town of diary notes saya, "on July 24th, 70 Hellersville. -The next stop was at : boats arrived from Sunbury with Brinkers Mills, seven miles from provision and stores to-day.” On Heller’s, at what is now known as July 28th he wrote, ‘‘Col. Reid ar¬ Saylorsburg, in Monroe county. A rived with 80 wagons with provis¬ large building had been erected at ions and stores from Fasten.” On this place and supplies had been, I July 31st the army took up its sent in advance and while resting j march for Tioga Point, Athens, Pa. I here the army drew four days ra¬ where General Clinton, with his j) tions. troops, was ordered to join General The next stop was at Neamed Log Sullivan. -,=r Tavern, nine miles from Brinkers, Upon leaving Wyoming Valley! now known as Tannersville, Mon¬ General Sullivau bad 214 boats un-1 roe county. From this point the der the command of Colonel Proc- road was rough and difficult to tra¬ j tor, which were propelled against vel, and on the 20th day of June the stream bv soldiers, who used they were only able to proceed five setting poles for the purpose. In miles, encamping at Rum Bridge, addition to these boats there were; now known as Hungry Hill, Mon¬ M°° pack horses bearing the sup¬ roe county. On the 21st they were plies and provision, which moved obliged to pass through a swamp 20 along the narrow pathway on the east bank of the river in single file, miles in length' which they termed forming a line several miles long. the Dismal Swamp. At one point The first day’s march brought the the overhanging trees, through army, at 4 o’clock, to the mouth of whose shade the sun never penetrat¬ the Lackawanna river, on the plains ed, they called Shades of Death. now known as Cotton, on the Le-i The swamp was located about 12 high Valley railroad. Here they! miles from Wilkes Barre The were compelled to wait until after¬ army remained at the northern lim¬ noon of the day following for the it of the Dismal $wamp until 2 boats which had been delayed by o’clock on the following day, June the difficult navigation. That even¬ 22nd, having been worn out by their ing they camped at Quilutimuck, tiresome jriuruey of the previous now called Ransom. They reraain- day. General Sullivan appropriate¬ 'ed in camp at this place the foPow- ly name thje place “FatigueCarap.” . ing day. On August 3rd, the The next encamping place was troops marched across the mountain about sdven miles from Wilkes- passing Buttermilk Falls, and about Barre, ’amich was reached the same noon descended to the river and night, .without any mishap. The marched to Tunkhannock Creek, following day, June 23rd, they encamping about one mile up the i reached the Wyoming Valley, hav¬ stream. ing traveled 65 miles from Faston. On the 4th the army marched 14 ! They iully expected to find fresh miles, crossed the Meshoppen creek | supplies upon arriving in the Val¬ and encamped at Vanderlips, now ley. It was found, however, that known as Black Walnut. The boats 1 the meats had spoiled on account of were again delayed and the army being packed in barrels made of I did not move until 9 o’clock on the green lumber which soured the | morning of the 5th. Part of the 1 brine. The supply of clotbiug for troops marched over the mountain, the soldiers was inadequate. On the ot hers proceeded on the bank of July 21st General Sullivan wrote 1 the river. The next encampment ' General Washington that not more was the same night at Wyalusing, than one third of his soldiers had1 on the flats, now known as Sugar shirts to their backs. After waiting Run Siding, on the Lehigh Valley for over one month for fresh sup¬ railroad. They remained here un plies, during which time the troops til the 8th, being delayed by the were engaged in building boats, boats and a heavy raiu which set in with-which to take their supplies -r r." —-rr-, ,. .-*21 on the night nl I In M I Their next encampment was at Wysox, which was reached on the night of the 8th. They were un¬ able to pass through a deep swamp, which is nuw known as the Piollet farm, and is one of the most pro¬ ductive farms in northern Pennsyl¬ vania. The troops proceeded around the swamp and encamped on the side hill until the iollowing day, when they took up their march over the high precipice, opposite the Le high Valley railroad station at To- wanda, which they termed “Break Neck Hill.” The path over which they march¬ ed was very narrow and the preci¬ pice is several hundred feet high. They lost a number of their horses and cattle which fell over the hill¬ side. The next encampment was atSheshequin, about one mile north of Ulster, on the east side cf the river; the settlement still retains the original name. A heavy rain on the 10th kept the army in camp. On the following day, August nth, the army forded the river near the former town of Queen Esther, which was located on the flats near the present village of Milan, Pa., but was destroyed by Col. Tkos. Hart ley in 1778. The same evening the troops reached, the junction of the Susquehanna and Tioga rivers, which was known as Tioga Point; ! now known as Athens, Pa. While awaiting his supplies in Wyoming Valley, General Sullivan 'directed General Clinton to remain with his forces at Otsego Take, the head waters ol the Susquehanna River. During this time the dry season was fast advancing and the water in the river was getting low. In order to float his boats down the river General Clinton conceived the idea of building a large dam across the river and hold back the water until he was ready to embark, when the dam was removed, and the boats were sent down the river on an art¬ ificial flood. The damming of the river pioved a wise measure, since it not only lessened the difficulties of navigation but spread terror among the Indians. The swollen istream overflowed its banks and the I flood destroyed their growing crops. They could not account for the sud¬ den flood in a dry season and be- i lieved that the Great Spirit had caused it to show that lie was angry with them. On August 22nd Gen- jeral Clinton arrived at Tioga Point.