DOCSLIB.ORG

Transcendent Philosophy an International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Transcendent Philosophy an International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism Volume 11. December 2010 Transcendent Philosophy An International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism Editor Transcendent Philosophy Journal is an academic Seyed G. Safavi peer-reviewed journal published by the London SOAS, University of London, UK Academy of Iranian Studies (LAIS) and aims to create a dialogue between Eastern, Western and Book Review Editor Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism is published in Sajjad H. Rizvi December. Contributions to Transcendent Philosophy Exeter University, UK do not necessarily reflect the views of the editorial board or the London Academy of Iranian Editorial Board Studies. G. A’awani, Iranian Institue of Philosophy, Iran Contributors are invited to submit papers on the A. Acikgenc, Fatih University, Turkey following topics: Comparative studies on Islamic, M. Araki, Islamic Centre England, UK Eastern and Western schools of Philosophy, Philosophical issues in history of Philosophy, Issues S. Chan, SOAS University of London, UK in contemporary Philosophy, Epistemology, W. Chittick, State University of New York, USA Philosophy of mind and cognitive science, R. Davari, Tehran University, Iran Philosophy of science (physics, mathematics, biology, psychology, etc), Logic and philosophical G. Dinani, Tehran University, Iran logic, Philosophy of language, Ethics and moral P.S. Fosl, Transylvania University, USA philosophy, Theology and philosophy of religion, M. Khamenei, SIPRIn, Iran Sufism and mysticism, Eschatology, Political Philosophy, Philosophy of Art and Metaphysics. B. Kuspinar, McGill University, Canada H. Landolt, McGill University, Canada The mailing address of the Transcendent Philosophy O. Leaman, University of Kentucky, USA is: Y. Michot, Hartford Seminary, Macdonald Dr S.G. Safavi Center, USA Journal of Transcendent Philosophy M. Mohaghegh-Damad, Beheshti University, Iran 121 Royal Langford 2 Greville Road J. Morris, Boston College, USA London NW6 5HT S.H. Nasr, The George Washington University, UK USA Tel: (+44) 020 7692 2491 Fax: (+44) 020 7209 4727 S. Pazouki, Iranian Institue of Philosophy, Iran Email: [email protected] C. Turner, University of Durham, UK H. Ziai, UCLA, USA Submissions should be sent to the Editor. Books for review and completed reviews should be sent to the Book Review Editor. All other communication Assistant Editor: should be directed to the coordinator. Shahideh Safavi, University of London Transcendent Philosophy is published in December. Coordinator: Annual subscription rates are: Institutions, £60.00; individuals, £30.00. Please add £6.00 for addresses Seyed Sadreddin Safavi, University of London outside the UK. The Journal is also accessible online at: www.iranianstudies.org. Layout & Design © London Academy of Iranian Studies Mohamad A. Alavi, www.mediatics.net ISSN 1471-3217 Volume 11. December 2010 Transcendent Philosophy An International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism Articles Philosophical comparison between the Teleology of Islam in Western perspective of Mulla Sadra and Descartes Framework and Mawdudi’s Politico- on Soul, Stylistic Pragmatics, Seyed G Safavi [5-20] Abdul Rahim Afaki [177-208] Mulla Sadra on The Human Soul and its Iḥbāṭ and Takfīr: two theological Becoming, concepts in Islamic literature, Zailan Moris [21-36] Maryam Kianifarid [209-218] Rereading Fromm's Conditions of the Human Situation, Seyed Javad Miri [37-50] Meister Eckhart: How Christian Mysticism Appropriates Absurdist Challenge, Mohammad Maroof Shah [51-74] Axiology of Mathnavi Maulana Rumi: The Art of Human Relationship and the Science of Peace, Seema Arif [75-92] Impact of the Controversy between al- Ghazali and Ibn Rushd on the Development of Islamic Thought, Munawar Haque [93-132] Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook and its Relationship to Sufism, Shahram Kiaei [133-154] Religious Response to Metaphysical Rebellion, Bilal Ahmad Dar [155-176] Transcendent Philosophy © London Academy of Iranian Studies Philosophical comparison between the perspective of Mulla Sadra and Descartes on Soul Seyed G Safavi SOAS, University of London Abstract This paper examines the philosophical views of Mulla Sadra and Descartes on ‘Soul’, in five main axis. The Five axis include the following: 1. Exposition of Mulla Sadra’s philosophical view concerning the soul; 2. Exposition of Descartes view on the soul; 3. Examining points of similarity and difference between the opinions of Mulla Sadra and Descartes; 4. The distinct strength of Mulla Sadra’s theory; 5. The Criticism of Descartes’ theory. The foundation of Mulla Sadra’s theory is ‘the corporeality of contingency and the spirituality of subsistence in relation to the soul’ and the foundation of Descartes’ theory is ‘the real distinction between the substance of the soul and body’. The new theory of Mulla Sadra in regards to the soul led to the presentation of a philosophical proof for proving physical resurrection, and the dualism of Descartes led to the collapse of his philosophical system. Introduction The topic of ‘knowledge of the soul’ has been amongst the most complex philosophical topics throughout the history of philosophy and human thought, such that Averroes (1126-1198) considered the proposition of a definition and limit for soul to be impossible. Mulla Sadra (1596-1650) the Muslim Iranian philosopher who is the founder of al-Hikmah al-Muta’aliyah (transcendent philosophy) and René Descartes (1596-1650) the French philosopher who is the founder of 6 Seyed G Safavi modern western philosophy, by establishing new philosophical systems in the Islamic and western world in regards to the soul, offered new theories which have had significant consequences. Thus, a comparative analysis of the opinions of these two philosophers in regards to the important topic of soul is of importance. The analytical structure of this article is as follows: 1. Exposition of Mulla Sadra’s philosophical view concerning the soul; 2. Exposition of Descartes’ view on the soul; 3. Examining points of similarity and difference between the opinions of Mulla Sadra and Descartes; 4. The distinct strength of Mulla Sadra’s theory; 5. The Criticism of Descartes’ theory. ‘Soul’ from Mulla Sadra’s philosophical perspective Besides his philosophical views on soul Mulla Sadra has also examined topics related to the soul from the perspective of the Holy Qur’an, theology and prophetic narrations, thus, using the term ‘philosophical’ in the subheading of this section is to clarify that this article only deals with the philosophical arguments of Mulla Sadra which are related to the themes that are also covered by Descartes. In the view of philosophers, soul is a substance which is essentially independent, which in action requires matter, is attached to bodies and has a governing connection with the body. In the opinion of Aristotle, ‘the soul is the first of a natural, organized body potentially possessing life’1. In contrast to other philosophers who consider the human soul to be static, Mulla Sadra considers it to be gradational. The importance and innovation of Mulla Sadra’s theory on the soul, is in how the soul appears. His famous sentence in this regards is ‘the soul is corporeal in its origination but spiritual in its subsistence’2, because the human soul for origination and manifestation requires matter and uses the potentialities of the body. The soul is considered to be an organ of the body and this is a reason for the argument that an existence separate to that of the body is not required for the soul. Mulla Sadra by using his “principle of transubstantial motion” which is amongst his Philosophical comparison between the perspective of Mulla Sadra and Descartes on Soul 7 important philosophical innovations, has proven that it is possible for a material phenomena which has the potential to become abstract, to slowly gain an immaterial form with the help of transubstantial motion, and finally he concluded that the matter of the soul, is the same as the matter of the body, and that the soul is a physical reality which desires to ascend to the spiritual world (malakut). The soul passes the following stages in its journey of perfection: the soul in the foetal period is in the stage of the vegetative soul. In the beginning of birth it is animal by actuality and human by potentiality, and with the condition of living a life of thinking and contemplation, at around the age of forty s/he becomes a human in actuality. The soul concurrently with being a unified essence, has both the faculty of audition and that of vision, and besides being capable of thought it has a sensual faculty. Mulla Sadra considers the evolutionary journey of the soul to be harmonious with and alongside the process of the general universal motion, a motion which begins from matter, but reaches a stage which is transcendent from matter and ends at the abstract. Mulla Sadra in his following books deals with different topics related to the soul: ‘Arshiyah, Masha’ir, Mabda’ wa Ma’ad, Shawahid al- Robubiyyah, Asfar and Hashiyeh bar Hikmat al-Ishraq-e Suhrewardi. These topics include the following: how the soul is made, the relation between the soul and the body, the substance of the soul, the degrees of the soul, the evolutionary journey of the soul, the immateriality of the soul and the subsistence of the soul amongst others. First Principle: The soul being Gradational The human soul, from the beginning of its creation to its telos has various ranks, and in this path passes different existential stages. As such, the soul is not static, rather it is dynamic, alive and gradational. The soul in its initial attachment to the body is referred to as ‘corporeal substance’; after that it gains power from stage to stage and is transformed into the different forms of its creation until it no longer needs the body and can subside on its own. The soul after leaving the body, by separation from the material world and journeying towards the 8 Seyed G Safavi eternal world, returns to its Lord. On the basis of this journey and principle, ‘the soul is corporeal in its origination but spiritual in its subsistence’3.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nationalism in Ottoman Greater Syria 1840-1914 the Divisive Legacy of Sectarianism
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Calhoun, Institutional Archive of the Naval Postgraduate School Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2008-12 Nationalism in Ottoman Greater Syria 1840-1914 the divisive legacy of Sectarianism Francioch, Gregory A. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3850 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS NATIONALISM IN OTTOMAN GREATER SYRIA 1840- 1914: THE DIVISIVE LEGACY OF SECTARIANISM by Gregory A. Francioch December 2008 Thesis Advisor: Anne Marie Baylouny Second Reader: Boris Keyser Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 2008 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Nationalism in Ottoman Greater Syria 1840- 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 1914: The Divisive Legacy of Sectarianism 6. AUTHOR(S) Greg Francioch 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Egyptian Islamic and Secular Feminists in Their Own Context Assim Alkhawaja University of San Francisco, [email protected]
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Doctoral Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects 2015 Complexity of Women's Liberation in the Era of Westernization: Egyptian Islamic and Secular Feminists in Their Own Context Assim Alkhawaja University of San Francisco, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/diss Part of the Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, and the Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons Recommended Citation Alkhawaja, Assim, "Complexity of Women's Liberation in the Era of Westernization: Egyptian Islamic and Secular Feminists in Their Own Context" (2015). Doctoral Dissertations. 287. https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/287 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of San Francisco COMPLEXITY OF WOMEN‘S LIBERATION IN THE ERA OF WESTERNIZATION: EGYPTIAN ISLAMIC AND SECULAR FEMINISTS IN THEIR OWN CONTEXT A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the School of Education International & Multicultural Education Department In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education By Assim Alkhawaja San Francisco May 2015 THE UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO Dissertation Abstract Complexity Of Women‘s Liberation in the Era of Westernization: Egyptian Islamic And Secular Feminists In Their Own Context Informed by postcolonial/Islamic feminist theory, this qualitative study explores how Egyptian feminists navigate the political and social influence of the West.
    [Show full text]
  • POL 612 Arab Contributions to Political Thought
    Course Outline | Fall Semester 2015 POL 612 Arab Contributions to Political Thought Program Core Compulsory Course Course Teacher/s: Dr. Mark Farha and Team Credit Value: 3 Pre-requisites: No pre-requisites Co-requisites: SOSH 601, POL 611 Course Duration: 14 weeks; Semester 1 Total Student Study Time: 126 hours, including 42 contact hours of lectures and seminars. AIMS This course has a dual aim: 1) to introduce students to major Arab contributions to political thought across history, and 2) to temper (if not transcend) the Eurocentrism of most modern courses in political thought. It also seeks to challenge and inspire students to aspire to make their own contributions to political thought, first by providing role models who have made significant contributions. No less important, however, is to provide students with a critical view of Arab political thought and pointing out the gaps and shortcomings that remain to be overcome. The course starts by highlighting major contributions to political thought in the classical age, including by figures like al-Farabi, Ibn Khaldun, and moveson to the contributions and debates in the era of Nahda by the likes of Tahtawi, Afghani, Abduh, Farah Anton, and Taha Hussain, among others. It then moves to modern intellectual contributions by figures like Edward Said, Sadiq al Azm, Adunis, Samir Amin, Anouar Abd al-Malki, Aziz al Azmeh, Hisham Sharabi, Nazih Ayubi, and Fouad Ajami, among others. The course also covers major themes which preoccupied modern Arab political thought, including the theme of political identity, nationalism, Arab unity, liberation, religious revivalism and secularization, sectarianism, democracy, social justice, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Knowledge: the Epistemic Theories in View of Avicenna and Mulla Sadra
    International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences volume 6 issue 4 pp. 171-176 doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.6.20004-4 Analysis of Knowledge: The Epistemic Theories in View of Avicenna and Mulla Sadra Abbas Kharabi Masouleh∗ University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany Abstract: This paper focuses on the epistemological approach conveyed from Avicenna’s philosophy to Sadra’s transcendent theosophy. As elucidating epistemological framework in each theory helps us to clarify dark angles of that theory, this paper focuses on the epistemological approach conveyed from Avicenna’s philosophy to Sadra’s transcendent theosophy. Under the influence of Avicenna’s and Mulla Sadra’s different ontological approaches, i.e., essentialism and existentialism, their epistemic theories are transformed from the theory of abstraction into the unity of the known-object and the knower-subject. The required data for this study have been collected mainly through library research from secondary and primary sources. Library research is a method by means this research focuses on relevant sources in three languages: original works such as books, data bases, theses and articles which are mostly in Arabic and some are in English and Persian. The two scholars relying on a common base stone, realism, present two different theories to interpret the relationship between the human mind and the external world. As the border between the mind and external world determines the degree of realism in each theory, the paper examines their epistemic theories, which explain the relationship between the mind as the knower-subject and the external world as the known object.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Paradigm of Reality?
    Table of contents Part I: The New Paradigm of Reality ........................................... 9 Author’s foreword. ....................................................................... 9 Introduction: a change of context ...........................................17 Chapter 1. A new vision of the Cosmos and the person ......29 1.1 The evolution of physics ..............................................29 1.2 How does current science regard the Cosmos? .......38 1.3 Is the Universe holographic? .......................................55 1.4 The “observer” effect in quantum physics. .................59 1.5 Downward causality ......................................................63 Chapter 2. The human being in the New Paradigm ..............73 2.1 We are an evolving soul ................................................73 Chapter 3. Levels of consciousness .........................................97 3.1 Levels of consciousness ...............................................97 3.2 Happiness and level of consciousness .....................107 3.3 More detailed description of post-rational levels ....................................................................................108 3.4 Some examples of how human behavior is manifested through the different levels of consciousness ...............................................................118 3.5 Development lines and streams ...............................122 Chapter 4. Cognitive line development ..............................129 4.1 Archaic stage ...............................................................130
    [Show full text]
  • Transcendent Philosophy
    Transcendent Philosophy An International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism Articles William C. Chittick On the Teleology of Perception S. M. Khamenei Sense Perception Oliver Leaman Mulla Sadra, Perception and Knowledge by Presence M. Araki The Nature and Stages of Perception in Mulla Sadra’s Philosophy Cécile Bonmariage How is it possible to see Ghouls (Ghûl) in the Desert? G. E. Dinani Unification of Intelligent and Intelligible I. Kalin Knowledge as Appropriation vs. Knowledge as Reprehension S. Pazouki Sufi Knowledge in Mulla Sadra E. Wolf‐Gazo Berkeley, Whitehead, Sadra: From Sense Impressions to Intuition On the Teleology of Perception William C. Chittick, State University of New York, USA Abstract Mulla Sadra's primary philosophical project is to map out the path of achieving the soul's perfection. His several well‐known contributions to the philosophical vocabulary, such as the "systematic Ambiguity" (tashkik) of existence and "substantial motion," were all developed to explain how the soul enters into this world through corporealization and departs from it by way spiritualization. His remarkably detailed investigations of the modalities of afterworldly experience simply illustrate his desire to explain the full range of possibilities that are open to the human soul. In order to grasp the role of perception in his overall project, it is necessary to understand the end toward which perception is directed and the nature of its final fruition. The soul perceives by nature, so much so that perception enters into its very definition. In and of themselves, however, the varieties of perception possessed by the animal soul do not suffice for the achievement of human perfection, though perception remains an essential attribute of the soul.
    [Show full text]
  • Transcendent Philosophy an International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism Editor Transcendent Philosophy Is a Publication of the Seyed G
    Volume 9. December 2008 Transcendent Philosophy An International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism Editor Transcendent Philosophy is a publication of the Seyed G. Safavi London Academy of Iranian Studies and aims to SOAS, University of London, UK create a dialogue between Eastern, Western and Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism is published in Book Review Editor December. Contributions to Transcendent Sajjad H. Rizvi Philosophy do not necessarily reflect the views of the Exeter University, UK editorial board or the London Academy of Iranian Editorial Board Studies. Contributors are invited to submit papers on the G. A’awani, Iranian Institue of Philosophy, Iran following topics: Comparative studies on Islamic, A. Acikgenc, Fatih University, Turkey Eastern and Western schools of Philosophy, M. Araki, Islamic Centre England, UK Philosophical issues in history of Philosophy, Issues in contemporary Philosophy, Epistemology, S. Chan, SOAS University of London, UK Philosophy of mind and cognitive science, W. Chittick, State University of New York, USA Philosophy of science (physics, mathematics, R. Davari, Tehran University, Iran biology, psychology, etc), Logic and philosophical logic, Philosophy of language, Ethics and moral G. Dinani, Tehran University, Iran philosophy, Theology and philosophy of religion, P.S. Fosl, Transylvania University, USA Sufism and mysticism, Eschatology, Political M. Khamenei, SIPRIn, Iran Philosophy, Philosophy of Art and Metaphysics. B. Kuspinar, McGill University, Canada The mailing address of the Transcendent Philosophy is: H. Landolt, McGill University, Canada Dr S.G. Safavi O. Leaman, University of Kentucky, USA Journal of Transcendent Philosophy Y. Michot, Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies, UK 121 Royal Langford 2 Greville Road M. Mohaghegh-Damad, Beheshti University, Iran London NW6 5HT J.
    [Show full text]
  • Studia Graeco-Arabica Studies Dedicated to Rüdiger Arnzen on His Sixtieth Birthday
    Studia graeco-arabica Studies dedicated to Rüdiger Arnzen on His Sixtieth Birthday Edited by Yury Arzhanov 10 _______ 2020 Editorial Board Mohammad Ali Amir Moezzi, École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris Carmela Baffioni, Istituto Universitario Orientale, Napoli Sebastian Brock, Oriental Institute, Oxford Charles Burnett, The Warburg Institute, London Hans Daiber, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt a. M. Cristina D’Ancona, Università di Pisa Thérèse-Anne Druart, The Catholic University of America, Washington Gerhard Endress, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Richard Goulet, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris Steven Harvey, Bar-Ilan University, Jerusalem Henri Hugonnard-Roche, École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris Remke Kruk, Universiteit Leiden Concetta Luna, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa Alain-Philippe Segonds (†) Richard C. Taylor, Marquette University, Milwaukee (WI) Staff Elisa Coda, Cristina D’Ancona, Issam Marjani, Cecilia Martini Bonadeo Submissions Submissions are invited in every area of the studies on the trasmission of philosophical and scientific texts from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, Renaissance, and early modern times. Papers in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish are published. Prospective authors are invited to check the Guidelines on the website of the journal, and to address their proposals to the Editor in Chief. Peer Review Criteria Studia graeco-arabica follows a double-blind peer review process. Authors should avoid putting their names in headers or footers or refer to themselves in the body or notes of the article; the title and abstract alone should appear on the first page of the submitted article. All submitted articles are read by the editorial staff. Manuscripts judged to be of potential interest to our readership are sent for formal review to at least one reviewer.
    [Show full text]
  • Arab Secularism's Assisted Suicide
    Arab Secularism’s Assisted Suicide A Brief History of Arab Political Discourse on Religion and the State APRIL 25, 2019 — MARK FARHA The Century Foundation | tcf.org Arab Secularism’s Assisted Suicide A Brief History of Arab Political Discourse on Religion and the State APRIL 25, 2019 — MARK FARHA Few would contest that the Arab world today is still ideological impasse. Relying on a range of Arabic primary struggling to accept, let alone institutionalize, the core pillars sources, it begins with a panoramic historical overview of of secularism and a civic state. In part, this crisis of secularism the usage of the term “madani” (meaning “civil” or “civic”) might be seen as a global phenomenon in light of the among a selection of key liberal and reformist Arab proliferation of populism tinged with communal prejudice. intellectuals, from the nineteenth century to the present.2 But while there is a global component to this problem, there The report also examines recurrent patterns in the use of are also particular regional characteristics. This report seeks “dawlah madaniyyah” as a means of either asserting or to go beyond the current crisis surrounding secularism avoiding an egalitarian, secular state in the present context as a symptom of a broader, universal failure of liberal of post-Arab-uprising states struggling with ideological and democracy and economic inequalities, and to specifically sectarian fragmentation. I explore how the concepts of the link the enfeebled state of secularism in Arab states to the civil state and citizenship have actually been used, in some region’s intellectual and political history since the nineteenth cases, to completely skirt secularism proper.
    [Show full text]
  • ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﮐﺘﺐ | Alefbalib.Com Islamicphilosophy,Theology Andmysticism
    ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﯼ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ | ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﮐﺘﺐ | Alefbalib.com IslamicPhilosophy,Theology andMysticism A SHORT INTRODUCTION ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﯼ ﺍﻟﻔﺒﺎ | ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻭ ﮐﺘﺐ | Alefbalib.com OTHER BOOKS IN THIS SERIES Buddhism: A Short Introduction, Klaus K. Klostermaiser, ISBN 1–85168–186–8 Buddhism: A Short History, Edward Conze, ISBN 1–86168–211–X Hinduism: A Short History, Klaus K. Klostermaier, ISBN 1–85168–213–9 Hinduism: A Short Introduction, Klaus K. Klostermaier, ISBN 1–85168–220–1 Islam: A Short History, William Montgomery Watt, ISBN 1–85168–205–8 Muhammad: A Short Biography, Martin Forward, ISBN 1–85168–131–0 Jesus Christ: A Short Biography, Martin Forward, ISBN 1–85168–172–8 Christianity: A Short Introduction, Keith Ward, ISBN 1–85168–229–5 Judaism: A Short History, Lavinia and Dan Cohn-Sherbok, ISBN 1–85168–206–6 Judaism: A Short Introduction, Lavinia and Dan Cohn-Sherbok, ISBN 1–85168–207–4 A Short Reader in Judaism, Lavinia and Dan Cohn-Sherbok, ISBN 1–85168–112–4 A Short Introduction to the Old Testament Prophets, E. W. Heaton, ISBN 1–85168–114–0 Sufism: A Short Introduction, William C. Chittick, ISBN 1–85168–211–2 The Bahá’í Faith: A Short History, Peter Smith, ISBN 1–85168–070–5 The Bahá’í Faith: A Short Introduction, Moojan Momen, ISBN 1–85168–209–0 Confucianism: A Short Introduction, John and Evelyn Berthrong, ISBN 1–85168–236–8 Global Philosophy of Religion: A Short Introduction, Joseph Runzo, ISBN 1–858168–235–X Pluralism in the World Religions: A Short Introduction, Harold Coward, ISBN 1–85168–243–0 Scripture in the World Religions:
    [Show full text]
  • A Theological Meditation on Augustine's De Trinitate and Laozi's Dao De Jing
    In Search of Transcendent Order in A Violent World: A Theological Meditation on Augustine's de Trinitate and Laozi's Dao De Jing Author: Chan Hiutung Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1989 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2009 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Boston College The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Department of Theology IN SEARCH OF TRANSCENDENT ORDER IN THE VIOLENT WORLD: A THEOLOGICAL MEDITATION OF LAOZI’S DAODE JING AND AUGUSTINE’S DE TRINITATE a dissertation by Hiutung Chan Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2008 1 © copyright by HIUTUNG CHAN 2008 2 IN SEARCH OF TRANSCENDENT ORDER IN A VIOLENT WORLD: A THEOLOGICAL MEDITATION OF LAOZI’S DAODE JING AND AUGUSTINE’S DE TRINITATE Abstract by Hiutung Chan This dissertation is a comparative study of spiritual cultivation in Early Daoism and the spiritual teaching of Augustine’s Christianity. My goal is to examine how early Daoism’s founder, Laozi, and the Christian bishop, Augustine of Hippo, characterize the fulfillment of humanity through religious transformation. My argument is that the metaphysical speculations that figure in their works---and which scholarly readers often emphasize---are offshoots of profound practical, soteriological concerns. These soteriological concerns reveal that the primary interest for both writers was to discover those spiritual and intellectual practices that could most effectively mediate between human experience and the manifestation of transcendent order. This study takes its inspiration from pioneering instances of comparative theology (particularly works by Francis Clooney S.J.
    [Show full text]
  • The Old Woman and the Eagle
    The Old Woman and the Eagle Text copyright © 2002 by The Estate of Idries Shah by Illustrations copyright © 2002 by Natasha Delmar Idries Shah ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, except as may be expressly permitted by the 1976 Copyright Act or in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission should be addressed in writing to Hoopoe Books, PO Box 381069, Cambridge MA 02238-1069 First Edition 2003 Second Impression 2005 Published by Hoopoe Books, a division of The Institute for the Study of Human Knowledge ISBN 1-883536-27-8 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Shah, Idries, 1924- The old woman and the eagle / by Idries Shah ; illustrated by Natasha Delmar. p. cm. Summary: A Sufi teaching tale from Afghanistan about an old woman who insists that an eagle must really be a pigeon. ISBN 1-883536-27-8 -- ISBN 1-883536-28-6 (alk. paper) [1. Folklore--Afghanistan.] I. Delmar, Natasha, ill. II. Title. PZ8.1.S47 O1 2002 398.2’09581’02--dc21 [E] 2002068666 Visit www.hoopoekids.com for a complete list of Hoopoe titles, CDs, HOOPOE BOOKS DVDs and parent/teacher guides. BOSTON nce upon a time, when cups were plates and when knives and forks grew in the ground, there was an old woman who had never seen an eagle. One day, an eagle was flying high in the sky and decided to stop for a rest.
    [Show full text]